doc_id stringlengths 1 5 | doc_title stringlengths 2 371 | doc_lang stringclasses 15 values | doc_type stringclasses 19 values | doc_desc_list listlengths 1 4 | ddc stringclasses 71 values | doc_subject_list listlengths 0 52 | bll_match_id listlengths 0 57 | bll_match_literals listlengths 0 57 | bll_superclasses listlengths 0 52 | bll_superclass_literals listlengths 0 52 | bll_top_node listlengths 0 57 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
37344 | Jelen přeplotil skok : contrastive comparison of wordplay and idiomatic phrases | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The article presents some of the outcomes of the contrastive comparison of the Czech original text and its German translation. It tries to show some hidden implications as well as many other peculiarities of wordplay and idiomatic phrases that a reader of the translated text may be deprived of."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Literarische Übersetzung",
"Übersetzung",
"Wortspiel",
"Phraseologie"
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] | [
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"Translation",
"Übersetzen"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"Czech",
"Tschechisch"
],
[
"Comparison",
"Komparation"
]
] | [
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"WestSlavic",
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"Lexical field",
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"Lexical phenomenon",
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]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
""
] |
37345 | "Über Ihre Bewerbung habe ich mich gefreut!" : on emotions in German job application refusal letters | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The unique situation in which job seekers and employers find themselves results in the necessity to formulate and accept refusal letters. Employers frequently express their emotions in such letters. They are, however, in the form of clichés which apparently do not contain any genuine emotions. The subject of this analysis is genuine German refusal letters collected in the years between 2000 and 2012. Our objective is to indicate the types of emotions verbalized in the analyzed text type and to present the linguistic means utilized to express those emotions."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Expressivität <Linguistik>",
"Ablehnung",
"Bewerbungsschreiben"
] | [
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133124703"
] | [
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
]
] | [
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
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"bll-133073661",
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"SyntacticRole",
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]
] | [
[
[
""
]
],
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"Lexical field",
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],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37346 | Lexical development and lemmatization | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The article focuses on two objectives. First it addresses current trends in the lexical development of the German language. This investigation is based on changes within the section Fernsehabend to Fernsehzuschauerin in the \"Duden – Deutsches Universalwörterbuch\" between 1996 and 2011. Secondly, on the basis of the given section, the article examines to what extent this dictionary reflects current vocabulary."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lemmatisierung",
"Deutsch",
"Lexikographie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307367X",
"bllo:UniversalDictionary",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:Dictionary"
] | [
[
"Vocabulary",
"Wortschatz"
],
[
"Universal dictionary",
"Universalwörterbuch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
]
] | [
[
"LexicalPhenomenon"
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"DictionaryTypeFeature",
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"WestGermanic",
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],
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"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
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]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
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],
[
[
""
]
],
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[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
37348 | Text skills in multiple languages : research results and approaches to further research | deu | doc-type:article | [
"The article presents results of an empirical study which examines productive transfer in the area of text skills competence and the associated writing skill which could be attributed to the learners' contact with several languages. The research was conducted within the research project \"Multilingualism in the Czech Republik: Learning and Teaching German after English.\" After a short presentation of the key concepts in the development of the study and a presentation of selected results, implications and a modell for further research in multilingual writing and on transfer processes between languages are introduced."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Mehrsprachigkeit",
"Englisch",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:Multilingual",
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:bll-133126447"
] | [
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Multilingual",
"Mehrsprachig"
],
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"Czech",
"Tschechisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
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],
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"LingualityTypeFeature",
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],
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"MediumTypeFeature",
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"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"WestSlavic",
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"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"West Slavic",
"Westslawisch"
],
[
"Slavic languages",
"Slawische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37349 | Aspects of understanding technical texts in German in working with students with specific learning disorders | deu | doc-type:article | [
"This article deals with the topic of dyslexia in adults and its consequences for learning German during university studies; the author explores the extent to which an optimized German text influences understanding. The results of research on dyslexia and psycholinguistic research on text understanding show that depending on the text structure and the simplicity of the linguistic means used, different levels of text understanding may be expected. The main tool of the research is text optimization based on a practical application of the \"Hamburg concept of understandability\", involving four text properties which make the text understandable to different extents."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Legasthenie",
"Textverstehen",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
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"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
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"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37352 | [Rezension zu:] Schuppener, Georg (2014): Warum 21 einundzwanzig heißt: Die höheren Einerzahlwörter im Deutschen. Geschichte ihrer Bildung und Reformideen | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Schuppener, Georg (2014): Warum 21 einundzwanzig heißt: Die höheren Einerzahlwörter im Deutschen. Geschichte ihrer Bildung und Reformideen. Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2014. S. 126. ISBN 978-3-7069-0819-1."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Numerale",
"Wortbildung"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37518 | Lexical field theory and translation | tur | doc-type:article | [
"Çeviri yaparken her iki dile, kültüre yeterince hâkim olmamak bir dizi çeviri hatalarına yol açabilir. Bu noktada kaynak ve erek dilde yeterli kelime hazinesine sahip olmanın yanı sıra kelimelerin kullanım alanlarını, kurallarını, edim bilimsel etkilerini, sözdizimsel kuralları vs. de iyi bilmek gerekir. Humboldt ve Saussure'ün dil hakkındaki düşüncelerinden etkilenen Trier'in ortaya attığı sözlüksel alan teorisinin metin anlama ve anlatma edinci kapsamında etkilerinin neler olabileceği ve çeviribilimin sözlüksel alan teorisinden nasıl yararlanabileceği konusu irdelenmeye çalışılacaktır.\r\nTrier'e (1973:5) göre bir sözcüğün anlaşılabilmesi için, sözlüksel alanın tamamının bilinmesi gerekir ve ancak sözlüksel alana hâkim isek o sözcüğü doğru anlayabiliriz. Anlam sadece ve sadece sözlüksel alan sayesinde vardır. Sözlüksel alan yoksa anlam da yoktur. Anlatılmak istenen düşünceye veya olguya dair bir kelimenin belli bir dilde bulunmaması bu düşüncenin veya olgunun o dilde olmadığı anlamına gelmez. Hayata dair genel kültür bilgimize ve tecrübelerimize dayanarak bu yeni kavramı anlayabiliriz.",
"When translating from one language to another, lack of good command of some skills in both the source and the target languages culturally may lead to a set of translation errors. It is essential that one should not only possess some vocabulary skills in both languages, but also know about the pragmatic rules that govern the language in the appropriate selection and combination of single words into sentences. The article seeks to examine; the possible effects of \"lexical field theory\" introduced by Trier, who had been inspired by the suggestions of Humboldt and Saussure for language, on developing text comprehension skills and narrative competence; and how the theory can be of any use in translation studies.\r\nAccording to Trier (1931), one can only acquire the meaning of a word through its relationships to other words within the same word-field. Meaning does not exist without the word-field. Lack of a concrete word relating to the thought to be described does not imply the nonexistence of that thought in the language. Based on experience and cultural knowledge, we can interpret this concept."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Wortfeld",
"Übersetzungswissenschaft",
"Übersetzung"
] | [
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:bll-13307367X",
"bllo:bll-275010589",
"bllo:ConcreteWord",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133073661",
"bllo:Text",
"bllo:TranslationStudies"
] | [
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"Vocabulary",
"Wortschatz"
],
[
"Translation",
"Übersetzen"
],
[
"Concrete word",
"Konkretum"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Text",
"Text"
],
[
"Translation studies",
"Übersetzungswissenschaft"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Word",
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
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],
[
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"",
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"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
37519 | Schriftliche Prüfungen in literarischen DaF-Seminaren | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Das lebensbegleitende Lernen – sei es institutionell oder nicht institutionell – dient offen oder verdeckt einer bestimmten Absicht. Von der vorbestimmten Absicht aus betrachtet wird jedes Gelernte einer Prüfung unterzogen. Im Rahmen dieses Referats wird eine literarische Prüfung eines DaF-Seminars mit Vorbedingungen und Nachwirkungen diskutiert. In wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten beschäftigt man sich überwiegend mit der Rolle der Lehrenden, der Lernenden und mit der Unterrichtsgestaltung. All diese Themen sind für den Unterricht, speziell für den Fremdsprachenunterricht, unumstritten. Ebenso von Bedeutung sollte die Bewertung der vermittelten bzw. angeeigneten Fremdsprachenkenntnisse sein. Das Referat wird das Prüfungsverfahren eines fremdsprachlichen Literaturseminars kritisch darstellen. Wichtiges Kriterium bei der Bewertung der Prüfungsergebnisse ist die Reflexion von produktiven Verfahren. Ausgehend vom 'produktiven Verfahren', werden Multiple Choice und offene Fragen – sei es Abfragen von gelernten Inhalten oder allgemeinen Kenntnissen in individuellen Aussagen – kontrastiv diskutiert. Das bevorzugte Prüfungsverfahren wird nach den Gütekriterien Validität, Reliabilität und Objektivität überprüft.",
"Learning that accompanies to life serves a certain purpose directly or indirectly whether the purpose is an institutional or a non-institutional one. When these purposes are taken into consideration, everything that is learnt is subject to a certain test. Thus, the exam of a German literature course, what expectations it serves, the exam style and its results will be explored in this study. In scientific studies, generally teacher and student roles as well as teaching methods of the course are focused on. All the articles about these topics contribute to the courses, especially to the foreign language courses. Yet, the exam style of the course should also have the same importance. This study critically analyzes three exam questions taken from the exam of the course entitled Analysis and Teaching of Short Literary Texts. While evaluating an exam paper, the most important point is to see the results of the productive method. The answers to openended questions are compared to those of the multiple-choice questions while the advantages and disadvantages are being argued. The chosen question technique is also dealt with in terms of its applicability-reliability."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch als Fremdsprache"
] | [
"bllo:bll-197234038",
"bllo:EvaluativeFeature",
"bllo:bll-133072487",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Life",
"Leben"
],
[
"Evaluative feature",
"Bewertung"
],
[
"Foreign language teaching",
"Fremdsprachenunterricht"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
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"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37520 | Relationship between function and form in grammar transmission | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Yabancı dil öğrenim ve öğretim sürecinde birçok problemle karşılaşmaktayız. Bunun birçok nedeni olmasına rağmen en önemli sorunlardan biri de öğrenme malzemesinin öğrenene anlamlı gelmemesi, aktarılmak istenen konuyla öğrenen arasında köprünün kurulamaması ve öğrenenin öğrenme girdisini içselleştirememesidir. Bunun çözümü olarak da ‒ anlamlı bir öğrenmenin gerçekleşebilmesi için ‒ şekil ve işlev arasındaki ilişkiye dikkat edilmelidir, çünkü anlamlı öğrenme malzemeleri, öğrenen açısından büyük bir öneme sahip ve vazgeçilmezdir. Fakat bu durum öğreten için büyük bir sorumluluk ve işyükü anlamına gelmektedir. Çalışmamızda dilbilgisi dersinde şekil ve işlev arasındaki ilişki Konjunktiv (dilek kipi) konusu ele alınıp dilin şekil ve işlev yönü dikkate alınaraköğrenene aktarılmaya çalışıldı. Geleneksel yabancı dil derslerinde genellikle dilbilgisel yapılar, dilin işlevsel yönüne vurgu yapılmaksızın şekil yönüyle öğrenene aktarılmakta ve öğrenme kazanımı, öğrenen tarafından ezberlenmiş dilbilgisel bir yapı olmaktan çıkamamaktadır. Bu durumda öğrenen edindiği dilbilgisel yapıyı ne konuşma becerisine ne de özellikle yazma becerisine aktarabilmektedir. Öğrenen söz konusu yapıyı nerde, hangi durumda ve nasıl kullanacağını anlayamamakla birlikte konuyu içselleştirememektedir. Bu şekilde düzenlenmiş bir ders çıktısı öğrenci açısından yararlı olmaması nedeniyle çağdaş eğitim anlayışıyla örtüşmemektedir.\r\nÇalışmamızda yabancı dil öğrenim ve öğretim sürecinde öncelikle sadece dilin şekilsel yönüne dikkat çekildiği düşüncesinden hareket ettik. Dilbilgisel yapıyı aktarırken öncelikle öğrenende dil bilinci oluşturarak öğrenme malzemesinin işlevinin biçimden önce ön plana çıkarılması gerektiğini göstermek istedik. Dilin şekil yönünün işlev yönünün anlaşılmasını engellemesinin önüne geçilmesi gerektiğini belirterek öğrenme malzemesi kullanımının önemini örneklerle açıklamaya çalıştık.",
"We are facing with many problems on the foreign language learning and teaching process. Even if there are many reasons for that; one of the most important problem is that the learning tool is not meaningful for the learner, not to build a bridge between the aimed topic and the learner and the learner is not able to internalize the learning input. In order to solve this-to make the learning meaningful- there need to been paid attention to the relationship between the function and the form because the meaningful tools have a great importance on learners and they are essential. However, this situation means a big responsibility and workload for the learner. In our study, it is tried to transfer the relationship between the function and form with the subject of conjunctions in grammar lesson with the form and function parts. Usually in traditional foreign language lessons, grammatical structures are transferred with the forms to the learner without mentioning the functional parts and the learning recovery is not possible to be different than commit memories for the learner. In this case; the learner is neither able to transfer the learnt structures on speaking skill, especially nor on writing skill. The learner is not able to internalize the topic whereas not able to understand the learnt structure where, in which situations and how to use. Because of such prepared lesson output is not useful for the student, it is not match up with the mentality of the modern education.\r\nInitially, in our study we moved from the thought of the form of the language is the only. While we are transferring the grammatical structures, we wanted to show the needing of the putting forward the learning tools function than the form with creating the language consciousness on learner. With the showing the need of preventing the form of the language becomes step forward than the function, we tried to explain the importance of using the learning tools with the examples."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Sprachunterricht",
"Grammatik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098915",
"bllo:bll-133111202",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:Even",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-195051610"
] | [
[
"Tools",
"Werkzeuge"
],
[
"Subjunctive",
"Konjunktiv"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Even",
"Even"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Bunun",
"Bunun"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MoodFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133088472",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-222164670",
"bll-133078795",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Mood feature",
"Modus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tungus",
"Tungusisch"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Formosan Austronesian",
"Taiwan-Austronesisch"
],
[
"Austronesian languages",
"Austronesische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37521 | The attitudes of students in German language teaching department towards German as an education language | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Yabancı Dil olarak Almanca alanında hangi eğitim diline öncellik verilmesi gerektiği sorusuna farklı yaklaşımlar vardır. Hedef dilden başlayarak ağırlıklı olarak kaynak dile ilerleyen bir yönelim öğrenmeyi de olumlu etkileyecektir. Öğrenciler böylelikle yabancı dil olarak Almanca öğretimini doğal bir öğrenme ortamında izleyecek ve iletişim yetilerini geliştirebileceklerdir. Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin eğitim dili konusundaki tutumları yüzdelik dilimlerle tespit edilecek ve değerlendirilecektir.",
"There are different aspects to the question of which education language should be given priority about the field of German as a foreign language. A tendency beginning from the source language and gradually progressing to the target language will also affect the learning in a positive way. In this way, the learners will follow German as a foreign language in a natural learning environment and their communicative abilities will improve. Attitudes of learners will be determined and evaluated percentage pieces."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch als Fremdsprache",
"Fremdsprachenunterricht"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133092887",
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"Affect",
"Affekt"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37522 | Interkulturelle Redensarten und ihr kulturhistorischer Hintergrund : "einem aufs Dach steigen" und "jemandem auf den Fuß treten" : eine Skizze | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Deyimler ulusal dillerin kültürel hazinelerindendir. Bunları kültürler arası bağlamda incelediğinizde, şaşırtıcı bilgiler ve benzerlikler elde edersiniz. – Deyimler dil öğrenenlere yabancı dil hakkında çok boyutlu bir anlayış kazandırabilir: Sözcüğün birincil anlamından öte, deyimin mecazi bağlamındaki çok anlamlılığını tanır ve nihayet bu tür deyimlerin analiz ve menşei üzerinde de üst düzeyde bir dil farkındalığına ulaşır.",
"Redensarten gelten als kulturelles Sondergut der Nationalsprachen. Analysiert man manche von ihnen im interkulturellen Zusammenhang, ergeben sich jedoch überraschende Aufschlüsse und Parallelen. – Redensarten können dem Sprachlernenden ein mehrdimensionales Verständnis für die Fremdsprache vermitteln: Über den primären Wortsinn hinaus lernt man die Mehrdeutigkeit von Redensarten in übertragener Bedeutung kennen und gelangt schließlich über die Analyse der Herkunft und Bedeutung solcher Redensarten zu einem Sprachverständnis auf hoher Ebene."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Phraseologie",
"Sprachunterricht",
"Interkulturalität"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37523 | Ein Projektvorschlag für Materialbeschaffung und -entwicklung bei deutschsprachigen Abteilungen | tur | doc-type:article | [
"Bu çalışmada Almanca eğitim veren ‘bölümlerimizin ihtiyacını karşılayacak nitelikteki ders materyallerinin tespiti veya yazımı için dernek çatısı altında neler yapılabileceği’ konusu irdelenmekte ve proje önerisinde bulunulmaktadır. Gerek öğrenciler gerekse öğretim elemanları nitelikli ders materyallerine gereksinim duymaktadırlar, ancak doğru ve etkili ders materyallerini elde edip uygulamak konusunda bazen sorunlar yaşanmaktadır. Bu sorunların çözümüne yönelik olarak aşağıdaki üç farklı soru doğrultusunda somut önerilerde bulunulmaktadır:\r\n1. Bölümlerimizin gereksinim duyduğu ders materyallerinin saptanması için neler yapılabilir?\r\n2. Bölümlerimizin gereksinim duyduğu ders materyallerinin üretilmesi için neler yapılabilir?\r\n3. Bölümlerde özellikle okuma ve yazma becerilerine yönelik okutulan derslerde kullanılacak materyallerin üretilmesi için neler yapılabilir?\r\nAlmanca eğitim veren bölümlerin programlarında yer alan derslerde öğretim hedeflerine en uygun ders materyallerinin, alanda yetişmiş ve uzman Türk akademisyenler tarafından geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Üretken olmak hedefinin bir gereği olarak dernek üyelerinden görüş toplayıp, eksiklikleri belirleyip, derslerimize uygun materyal üretimi projesini gerçekleştirmek üniversitelerimizin Almanca bölümlerinde görev yapan dernek üyelerimizin somut katkılarıyla oluşabilecektir.",
"Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage \"wie man unter dem Dach des türkischen Germanistenverband Gerders zur Materialbeschaffung und -entwicklung bei deutschsprachigen Abteilungen beitragen kann\". Hierfür wird ein Projektvorschlag gemacht. Es ist eine Tatsache, dass sowohl Lernende als auch Lehrende für die erfolgreiche Durchführung von Lehrveranstaltungen ideale Quellen bzw. Lehrbücher und -materialien benötigen. Jedoch bei der Beschaffung und praktischen Anwendung von richtigen und effektiven Unterrichtsmaterialien treten erhebliche Mängel in Erscheinung. Zur Lösung des Problems werden Vorschläge gemacht, wobei eine Auseinandersetzung mit folgenden drei Grundfragen stattfindet:\r\n1. Was kann der türkische Germanistenverband Gerder unternehmen, um an deutschsprachigen Abteilungen für die optimale Durchführung der Lehrveranstaltungen benötigten Quellen festzustellen?\r\n2. Was kann durch Gerder unternommen werden, um die an deutschsprachigen Abteilungen für eine optimale Durchführung der Lehrveranstaltungen benötigten Lehrmaterialien zu entwickeln?\r\n3. Was soll man tun, um Quellen bzw. Materialen oder Bücher für die Lehrveranstaltungen in Bezug zur Lese- und Schreibfertigkeit zu produzieren?\r\nDie den Lehr- und Lernzielen passenden Lehrmaterialien und –bücher sollten von den erfahrenen Lehrkräften entwickelt werden, die an türkischen Universitäten tätig sind. Produktiv sein gilt als ein verbindliches Ziel und durch das Erstellen von Materialien wird man produktiv. Die an deutschsprachigen Abteilungen unterrichtenden Gerder-Mitglieder können ihre konkreten Beiträge leisten, indem sie an der Online-Mitgliederbefragung aktiv teilnehmen, die benötigten Quellen feststellen und ein Projekt für Materialentwicklung durchführen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lehrmittel",
"Deutsch als Fremdsprache",
"Türkei"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-133074323",
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Active voice",
"Aktiv"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"VoiceFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Voice feature",
"Genus verbi"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37527 | Das Kursbuch von Umut Balcı: KPSS Almanca Alan Sınavına Hazırlık: Konu Anlatımı ve Soru Örnekleri | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Balcı, Umut (2013): Das Kursbuch von Umut Balcı: KPSS Almanca Alan Sınavına Hazırlık: Konu Anlatımı ve Soru Örnekleri. Çanakkale: Berdan Matbaası."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch als Fremdsprache",
"Deutschunterricht"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37528 | Konzeption einer modell- und wissensorientierten Textanalyse | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Nord, Christiane (2009): Textanalyse und Übersetzen. Theoretische Grundlagen, Methoden und didaktische Anwendung einer übersetzungsrelevanten Textanalyse. 4. überarbeitete Auflage. Tübingen: Julius Groos Verlag."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Übersetzung",
"Textanalyse"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37532 | Vorstellung eines Studienbesuchs in Nordrhein-Westfalen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Das CEDEFOP koordiniert ab dem 1. Januar 2008 bis 2013 im Auftrag der Kommission die Studienbesuche für Bildungs- und Berufsbildungsfachleute und Entscheidungsträger. Ein Studienbesuch verläuft folgendermaßen: eine kleine Gruppe von Experten und Entscheidungsträgern, die verschiedene Bildungs- und Berufsbildungsgruppen vertreten, besuchen drei bis fünf Tage einen Mitgliedstaat der EU, um dort einen bestimmten Aspekt des lebenslangen Lernens zu untersuchen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lebenslanges Lernen",
"European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training"
] | [
"bllo:AspectFeature"
] | [
[
"Aspect feature",
"Aspekt"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37537 | Diyalog 2014/1 | mul | doc-type:PeriodicalPart | [
"[...] mit der vorliegenden Ausgabe laden wir Sie zur Lektüre hoch interessanter Beiträge der ausländischen und inländischen Kolleginnen und Kollegen ein, die zur Inter- bzw. Transkulturalität im Bereich der Literatur und Alltäglichkeit beitragen wollen. [...] Der Literatur-Teil besteht vorwiegend aus Aufsätzen, die sich mit der klassischen deutschen Literatur auseinandersetzen und zum Teil auch provozierende Meinungen vertreten.\r\nDer Teil über Interkulturalität hat nicht nur Themen der historischen und gegenwärtigen gesellschaftlich-kulturellen Überschneidungssituationen zum Thema, sondern macht auch intermediale wie digitale Phänomene zum Diskussionsthema. Dieses disziplinenübergreifende Konzept der wissenschaftlichen Abhandlungen in den vorangehenden Teilen macht sich ebenfalls auch im Bereich der Erziehungs- und Translationswissenschaft sowie im Rezensionsteil bemerkbar.\r\nFür viele unserer Kolleginnen und Kollegen ist 2014 wegen der zahlreichen wissenschaftlichen Tagungen und Projekte ein anstrengendes, aber um so einträglicheres Jahr, zumal wir an unseren XII. Internationalen Türkischen Germanistik Kongress zurückdenken. Rege Diskussionsrunden und effizienter Gedankenaustausch der Teilnehmer zeigten in Kocaeli deutlich auf, wie stark die türkische Germanistik im internationalen germanistischen Fachbereich vernetzt ist. Wir freuen uns nun auf Antalya, wo wir in Zusammenarbeit mit der Akdeniz Universität den XIII. Kongress wahrzunehmen planen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Germanistik",
"Interkulturalität",
"Linguistik",
"Literaturwissenschaft",
"Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft",
"Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft",
"Zeitschrift",
"ddc:830"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:GermanStudies",
"bllo:bll-366640542"
] | [
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"German Studies",
"Germanistik"
],
[
"Nun",
"Nun"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"AcademicDiscipline"
],
[
"bll-206064306",
"SouthernBantoid",
"bll-264764609",
"Benue-Congo",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Academic discipline",
"Fachgebiet"
]
],
[
[
"Grassfields languages",
"Grassfields-Sprachen"
],
[
"Southern Bantoid",
"Süd-Bantoid"
],
[
"Bantoid languages",
"Bantoid-Sprachen"
],
[
"Benue-Congo languages",
"Benue-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"AcademicDiscipline",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37546 | Brezilya’da Almanca Konuşulan Kültür Bölgeleri : Perspektifler ve Meydan Okumalar | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Bu çalışmanın amacı, Brezilya ve Almanya arasında, daha 16. Yy.da İberya gezilerinde Brezilya'nın keşfiyle başlayıp resmen 1824 yılında gerçekleşen Alman göçü ve Brezilya'nın Rio Grande do Sul eyaletinde São Leopoldo kolonisinin kuruluşuyla artan tarihsel ve sosyal ilişkileri tartışmaktır. Brezilya'nın heterojenliğine yoğun katkı veren göçmen Almanların geleneklerini, dil ve kültürlerini tamamen kaybetmedikleri göz önüne alınarak, çalışmanın ikinci bölümü somut olarak Marechal Câdido Rondon adındaki Brezilya şehri ile ilgili olacaktır. Şehir Brezilya'nın güneyinde olup Alman göçmenler tarafından kurulmuştur. Özellikle mimari ve geleneksel halk kutlama adetlerinde görüldüğü üzere bu German köklerine rağmen, burada yaşayan topluluk, iki dilliliğin teşvik edilmesinden dolayı Alman dili açısından dikkat çekici özellikler göstermemektedir.",
"Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist über historische und soziale Beziehungen zwischen Brasilien und Deutschland zu diskutieren, die bei den frühesten iberischen Expeditionen im 16. Jahrhundert, bei der Entdeckung Brasiliens, stattfanden, und sich mit dem offiziellen Beginn der deutschen Auswanderung nach Brasilien, im Jahr 1824, mit der Gründung der Kolonie von São Leopoldo im Bundesstaat Rio Grande do Sul, verstärkte. Im Hinblick darauf, dass die Deutschen ihre Traditionen, Sprache und Kultur, deren Unterschiede die brasilianische Heterogenität intensivierte, nicht vollständig verloren haben, bezieht sich der zweite Teil dieses Textes auf ein konkretes Beispiel einer brasilianischen Stadt namens Marechal Câdido Rondon. Die Stadt liegt in Südbrasilien und wurde von deutschstämmigen Auswanderern gegründet. Trotz diesen germanischen Wurzeln, welche sich durchaus in der Architektur und den Volksfesten bemerkbar machen, zeigt die Gemeinde keine Auffälligkeiten hinsichtlich der deutschen Sprache aufgrund der Förderung der Zweisprachigkeit."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Brasilien",
"Interkulturalität"
] | [
"bllo:bll-341091448",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"Culture",
"Kultur"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37547 | Überlegungen zu einer Neuausrichtung der Lehrerausbildung im Hinblick des sich wandelnden Bildungsbegriffes | tur | doc-type:article | [
"Eğitim, Öğretme ve Öğrenme konuları uluslararası eğitim alanında olduğu gibi Türkiye'de de son yıllarda en fazla konuşulan, tartışılan ve değişime uğrayan temadır. Öyle ki artan bilgi yoğunluğu, hızlı teknolojik kazanımlar ve buna bağlı olarak farklılaşan anlayış ve beklentiler eğitimin sürekli ve nitel açıdan irdelenmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Çalışmada eğitim konusunun temel sorun ve soruları, uluslararası eğitim standartları ve değişen eğitim stratejileri, öğrenme ve etkin öğretme ile ilgili yeni yaklaşımları, öğretmen tanımlamaları, öğretmen-öğrenci ve veli iletişimin önemi, öğretmen kazanımları ve yeterlilikleri gibi geniş bir perspektif taranmaktadır. Çalışmada yüksek öğretim reformu kapsamında eğitim fakülteleri ve öğretmen yetiştirme modelleri ve bu çalışmaların uluslararası uyumu değerlendirilmekte ve daha iyi bir eğitim, daha etkin öğretme ve öğrenme için öneriler sunulmaktadır.",
"Die Begriffe Bildung, Lernen und Lehren stehen im internationalen Kontext, aber auch in der Türkei stets im Fokus des allgemeinen Interesses. Bildung, Lernen und Lehren sind Themen, die immer wieder neu umschrieben werden, derart, dass der Diskurs zu einer verbesserten Qualität von Bildung aufgrund der kaum noch übersehbaren Informationsfülle, der umfassenden medialen Möglichkeiten und der sich verändernden Erwartungen und daran gebunden auch Anforderungen zwingend wird. In diesem Beitrag wird Bildung im Hinblick auf die Punkte internationale Bildungsstandards, Bildungsstrategien, neue Lern-Lehr-Ansätze, neue/andere Lehrerkompetenzen und der sich verändernde Lehrer-Schüler-Eltern-Dialog kritisch und umfassend betrachtet. Auch Thema des Beitrags ist es, die Diskussion um mögliche neue Konzepte zur Lehrerausbildung punktuell zu umschreiben. Der Beitrag schließt mit weiterführenden Überlegungen zu einem verbesserten Lernen und Lehren."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Bildung",
"Lehren",
"Lernen",
"Lehrerbildung",
"Deutschland",
"Türkei"
] | [
"bllo:Focus"
] | [
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
]
] | [
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
]
] | [
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
] |
37548 | Die Anwendung von Social Media im Fremdsprachenunterricht am Beispiel von "Twitter" Microblogging | deu | doc-type:article | [
"\"Sosyal medya\" sözcüğü günümüzün sloganı haline gelmiştir. Teknik olarak sosyal ağları destekleyen Web 2,0 hizmetlerinin uygulaması ile blog ve microblog hizmetleri her alanda kullanılmaya ve hiç olmadığı kadar iletişim kurulmaya başlanmıştır.\r\nTwitter da, bu hizmetlerin ortak paydası olan dünyadan haberdar olma, olaylara katılma, bu amaçla da, fazla teknik bilgi gerektirmeden içerik oluşturma ve yayınlama özelliğini kullanıcılarına sunmaktadır. Nasıl ve ne şekilde iletişim kurulduğu çok farklılık göstermekle birlikte, paylaşılanlar çok basit önemsiz konuşmalardan, eğlendirici, bilgilendirici politik ve ticari içeriklere kadar uzanıp, zaman zaman da kutuplaşmalara sebep olmaktadır. Öyle ki bazıları bu içerikleri önemsiz ve gereksiz görürken, diğerleri 'devrim' yaratan nitelikte bulabilmektedir. Gerçek olan, bu kanallar aracılığı ile birçok bilginin ve içeriğin paylaşılıyor, iletişim kuruluyor olmasıdır.\r\nBu çalışmanın amacı Microblogging hizmeti [uygulaması] olan Twitter'ın tanıtılması, anlaşılır hale getirilmesidir. Bunu için öncelikle tarihçesi ve var olan durum açıklanmış, hesap oluşturma ve uygulamaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca \"internet dili\", bu dilin gençler üzerindeki etkileri ile medya okuryazarlığının önemine ve meslek edinme sürecindeki etkilerine kısaca değinilmiştir. Son olarak örnek bir uygulama üzerinden Twitter'ın ders ortamlarında kullanılabilirlik özelliği işlenmiştir.",
"\"Social media\" has become the motto of today's world. Blogs and microblogs have started to be used in all areas since the implementation of Web 2.0 services, supporting social networks. Beside this, people have begun to communicate than ever.\r\nTwitter offers the opportunity of being aware of the world and content creation with publishing without requiring much technical information. This is called as the common denominator of this service. How the contact is established shows difference. It contains a wide range of very simple trivial conversation, entertaining, informative, political and commercial content that can lead to polarization at times. Some people think that they are trivial, while others can find it revolutionary nature. The real thing is that lots of information is shared via this channel.\r\nThe aim of this study is to introduce the microblogging service and Twitter. Firstly its history and current state were explained. Afterwards, the account creation and applications were focused on. Internet language, the language having effects on young people, the importance of media literacy with the effect on the process of acquiring profession were described in brief. Lastly, the use of Twitter in courses was focused on via simple application."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Social Media",
"Mikroblog",
"Twitter <Softwareplattform>",
"Medienkompetenz"
] | [
"bllo:bll-18533539X",
"bllo:bll-398942803",
"bllo:bll-133084698",
"bllo:bll-133118878"
] | [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"Creation",
"Schöpfung"
],
[
"State",
"Zustandsbezeichnung"
],
[
"Politics",
"Politik"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37549 | Academic open access journal publishing in Turkey and open access journals in the field of translation | tur | doc-type:article | [
"Bu çalışmada Türkiye'nin akademik açık erişim dergi yayıncılığında geldiği noktayı ortaya koymak, 70'li yıllardan itibaren dilbilim ve filolojiden ayrılarak kendi bilimsel çerçevesini çizen ve kendi bilimsel iletişim sistemini oluşturan Çeviribilim alanının, bilimsel iletişim sisteminin en önemli araçlarından biri olan akademik açık erişim dergicilik konusunda aldığı mesafeyi görmek, bu konuda mevcut eksiklikleri tespit etmek ve bunlara çözüm önerilerinde bulunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla ulusal ve uluslararası açık erişim veritabanları incelenerek elde edilen bilgiler değerlendirilmeye çalışıldı. Çalışmanın birinci aşamasında Türkiye'nin akademik açık erişim dergicilik konusundaki mevcut durumu değerlendirilirken ikinci aşamada Çeviribilim alanının durumu ele alındı. Son aşamada ise elde edilen verilerden anlamlı sonuçlar çıkarılarak genel bir değerlendirme yapıldı ve çeşitli öneriler sunuldu.",
"In this study, to reveal the point Turkey has reached in academic open access journals publishing, to see progress of Translation and Interpreting which is constituting their own scientific outlines and is forming their own scientific communication system, separated from linguistics and philology from the '70s on academic open access journalism which is one of the most important tools of scientific communication system, to detect existing deficiencies on this issue and to propose solutions to them are aimed. For this purpose, national and international open access databases were examined and tried to evaluate the information obtained. In the first phase of the study, Turkey's current situation on academic open access journalism was assessed, in the second phase the situation of Translation and Interpreting is discussed. In the final stage an overall assessment was made by subtracting meaningful results from the data obtained and various suggestions were presented."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Open Access",
"Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift",
"Übersetzungswissenschaft"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098915",
"bllo:AccessTypeFeature",
"bllo:bll-13307904X",
"bllo:bll-275010589"
] | [
[
"Tools",
"Werkzeuge"
],
[
"Access",
"Zugriff"
],
[
"Communication",
"Kommunikation"
],
[
"Translation",
"Übersetzen"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37554 | Kongress-Bericht über den 12. Türkischen Internationalen Germanistik-Kongress "Migration und kulturelle Diversität" | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Nach dem letzten Germanistikkongress 2009 in Izmir wurde der zwölfte Germanistikkongress unter dem Motto \"Migration und kulturelle Diversität\" vom 12. bis 14. Mai 2014 an der Universität Kocaeli veranstaltet. Bei der Veranstaltung des Kongresses hat der türkische Germanistenverband GERDER aktiv mitgewirkt. Der DAAD, das Goethe Institut Ankara, das Österreichische Kulturinstitut und das Schweizer Konsulat Istanbul haben zur Organisation des Kongresses beigetragen, indem sie die Einladung von Professoren zu Plenarvorträgen und die Verwirklichung kultureller sowie sozialer Aktivitäten, wie Konzert und Abendessen unterstützen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Germanistik",
"Kongressbericht",
"Türkei"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133074323"
] | [
[
"Active voice",
"Aktiv"
]
] | [
[
"VoiceFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Voice feature",
"Genus verbi"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37555 | Diyalog 2014/2 | mul | doc-type:PeriodicalPart | [
"Die vorliegende Ausgabe enthält Beiträge aus drei verschiedenen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen der Germanistik, die sich mit den aktuellen Themen und Fragestellungen der interkulturellen Germanistik befassen. Am stärksten vertreten sind die deutschsprachige Literatur- und Erziehungswissenschaften. Der erste Aufsatz essayistischen Charakters setzt sich mit Ernst Jüngers Niemandsland als Utopie auseinander, wobei sich die dafür interessierten Leser sicherlich zu weiteren Ideen angeregt fühlen werden. Zwei weitere Beiträge zur deutschsprachigen Literatur konzentrieren sich auf die Untersuchung der interkulturellen Aspekte der Identitätsfragen im intermedialen Bereich der Migrantenliteratur.\r\nIm Bereich der Erziehungswissenschaft haben wir uns mit neuen Herausforderungen unseres Fachbereichs zu befassen: Zum einen wird hier die Fachprüfung für Lehramtskandidaten (das Problem der Qualifikation hinsichtlich der Prüfung für Deutsch) und ihre Folgen seit dem Jahr 2013 diskutiert und zum anderen wird versucht, darzustellen, welche Auswirkungen der sozialen Aktivitäten (am Beispiel der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Dramas im Bereich \"Türkisch als Fremdsprache-Unterricht\") auf die Lernerperformanz zu beobachten sind.\r\nEinen interessanten Versuch im Zusammenhang mit der Sprachdidaktik verdanken wir dem Beitrag über Redewendungen mit ethnischen Ressentiments, der uns einen weiteren Horizont zu eröffnen verspricht.\r\nDem interkulturellen Charakter unserer Zeitschrift entsprechend veröffentlichen wir in dieser Ausgabe gerne einen Beitrag einer Romanistin aus dem Bereich der Translationswissenschaft, die uns die z.T. neuesten innovativen Ansätze der Translationsdidaktik in den romanistischen Kreisen nahezubringen versucht.\r\nIm Rezensionsteil tragen Buchbesprechungen zur interkulturellen wie transnationalen Identitätsdiskussion einerseits und zur Text- und Soziolinguistik andererseits bei. Vier Tagungsberichte runden die vorliegende Ausgabe mit einem kurzen informierenden Rückblick auf die 2014 stattgefundenen internationalen Kongresse ab."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Germanistik",
"Interkulturalität",
"Linguistik",
"Literaturwissenschaft",
"Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft",
"Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft",
"Zeitschrift",
"ddc:830"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133071243",
"bllo:GermanStudies",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133125157"
] | [
[
"Sociolinguistics",
"Soziolinguistik"
],
[
"German Studies",
"Germanistik"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Türkisch"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"AcademicDiscipline"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"OghuzTurkic",
"bll-133088499",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Academic discipline",
"Fachgebiet"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Oghuz Turkic",
"Oghusisch"
],
[
"Turkic",
"Turksprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"AcademicDiscipline",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37559 | Yorumlayıcı Çeviri Kuramı'ndan Çeviri Eğitimine : Yorumlayıcı Çeviri Yöntemi | tur | doc-type:article | [
"D. Seleskovitch ve M. Lederer'in birlikte geliştirmiş oldukları Yorumlayıcı Çeviri (Anlam) Kuramı, çevirmeni merkeze koyan bir yaklaşım gösterir. Çeviriye ilişkin kuramsallaşmanın tarihine bakılırsa; önceki yüzyıllardan günümüze değin çevirmenin rolünü öne çıkaran görüş ve düşüncelere rastlanmaktadır. 90'lı yıllardan sonra belirginleşen bilişsel yaklaşımlar, alana yeni kazanımlar sağlamış, çeviribilim araştırmalarının uygulama alanına yansıyarak kültürlerarası veya dillerarası aktarımın başat aktörü olarak 'çevirmen'in bilişsel bakımdan yeniden değerlendirilmesine zemin hazırlamıştır. Bilişsel odaklı bir görünüm sergileyen çevirmen merkezli yaklaşımlar, çevirinin başarısının çevirmene bağlı olduğu görüşünden hareketle çevirmenin çeviri eylemi sırasında zihninde olup bitenlerin, bilişsel süreçlerinin işleyişinin ve dili kullanma mekanizmasının açıklığa kavuşturulmasını öngörür.\r\nBu çalışmanın amacı, Yorumlayıcı Çeviri Kuramı doğrultusunda 'anlama'nın koşulları olarak öne çıkan saptamaları ortaya koyarak çevirmenin sahip olması gereken özniteliklere ilişkin izdüşümleri serimlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, anlamın kavranması sürecinde çevirmenin zihinsel süreçlerinin nasıl işlediği, çevirmenin bu süreçleri nasıl yönettiği betimlenmeye ve söylem çözümlemesine dayanan Yorumlayıcı Çeviri Kuramı ve Yorumlayıcı Çeviri Yöntemi'nde yer alan düşünsel veriler görünür kılınmaya çalışılacaktır.",
"The Interpretive Theory of Translation (the Theory of Sense) developed by Danica Seleskovitch and Marianne Lederer provides an approach placing translators at the centre of research. The research on the history of translation theories observed that the notions and views highlighting the role of translators have emerged over the last centuries. The cognitive approaches have contributed to the field of translation over the last two decades thanks to their implications in applied translation studies. Thus the translator, the major actor in intercultural and/or interlingual transfer, has been reevaluated in terms of cognition. Cognitively oriented translation approaches project that the cognitive processes of translation and the language using mechanism should be revealed. These approaches focus on the role of translators, and claim that the success of a translation depends on the translator.\r\nThe aim of this paper is to suggest the determinations highlighted as the conditions of \"comprehension\" in accordance with the The Interpretive Theory of Translation (the Theory of Sense). The other aim is to introduce the projections as to the required qualifications of translators. In parallel with this aim the paper focuses on exploring how the cognitive proccesses occur in the process of comprehension of sense, and how the translator manages these processes. The Interpretive Theory of Translation (the Theory of Sense) and The Interpretive Method of Translation, which are based on discourse analysis, are described in terms of their theoretical foundations."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Übersetzungstheorie",
"Übersetzungswissenschaft"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:bll-275010589",
"bllo:bll-133083756",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:TranslationStudies"
] | [
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"Translation",
"Übersetzen"
],
[
"Cognition",
"Kognition"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Translation studies",
"Übersetzungswissenschaft"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
37560 | "... Yahudi mektebi gibi" : Bir Deyim ve Yorumu | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Deyimler, Yabancı Dil olarak Almanca dersleri için son derece yoruma muhtaç özelliktedir. Anadili konuşanlar için de, ele aldığımız (eski ve antisemitik olduğundan kullanılmayan) deyimde olduğu gibi hem biçimsel olarak hem de (bağlamını kimse tahmin edemeyeceğinden) içerik açısından sıklıkla daha net bir açıklama gerekebilir. Deyimler çok geniş bir kültürel arka plana sahip olabilir ve uygun biçimde yorumlanırlarsa, dil ve kültür tarihi için kaynaklık edebilir. Almanca \"... wie in der Judenschule [Yahudi mektebi gibi]\" deyimi bizim için, sözlü kültürden yazılı kültüre geçiş süreci içinde edebi gelişimin erken dönemi hakkında şaşılacak bilgiler ele vermektedir.",
"Redensarten sind für die Deutsch als Fremdsprache Studierenden im hohen Grad interpretationsbedürftig. Auch der Muttersprachler braucht für sie häufig eine nähere Erklärung, die im vorliegenden Fall formal (Redensart veraltet und wegen antisemitischer Sicht nicht verwendbar) und inhaltlich (Zusammenhänge, die kaum einer ahnt) sein muss. Redensarten können einen weitreichenden kulturellen Hintergrund haben und sie sind selbst, entsprechend analysiert, Quelle zur Sprach- und Kulturgeschichte. Die Redensart \"... wie in der Judenschule\" verrät uns zudem überraschenderweise etwas über die Frühform literarischer Entwicklung im Kulturprozess von der Mündlichkeit zur Schriftlichkeit."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Phraseologie",
"Kulturgeschichte",
"Mündlichkeit",
"Schriftlichkeit",
"Sprachverstehen",
"Deutsch",
"Fremdsprachenlernen"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37561 | Die Fachprüfung für Lehramtskandidaten : das Problem der Qualifikation hinsichtlich der Prüfung für Deutsch | tur | doc-type:article | [
"2013 yılında ilk kez gerçekleştirilen Öğretmenler için Alan Bilgisi (ÖABT) Almanca sınavı üniversitelerin Alman Dili Eğitimi Anabilim Dallarında ve Alman Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümlerinde okuyan lisans öğrencileri için umut kapısı olmuştur. Bu bölümlerin öğrencileri önceki yıllarda \"mezun olup diploma sahibi olmak\" gibi bir amaçla okuduklarından dolayı derslere karşı motivasyonları düşük kalmaktaydı. ÖABT ve beraberinde getirdiği Almanca öğretmeni olarak atanma fırsatı sayesinde bu öğrenciler artık lisans eğitimlerini daha fazla ciddiye almaya ve olabildiğince donanımlı bir şekilde mezun olmaya çalışmaktadır.\r\nYukarıdaki bilgilerden hareketle bu çalışmamızda öncelikli olarak ÖABT Almanca sınavının içeriği, kapsamı, alanlara göre soru dağılımı ve puan ağırlıkları incelenecek, daha sonra da Eğitim Fakültelerinin Alman Dili Eğitimi Anabilim Dallarının müfredatı ele alınacak ve böylelikle bu bölümlerde okutulan derslerin ÖABT Almanca sınavının içeriğiyle ne derece uyumlu ve sınavı kazanıp atanabilmek adına ne derece yeterli olduğu tartışılacaktır. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi lmanca Öğretmenliği öğrencileri ile yapılan anket çalışması ışığında da öğrencilerin sınava dair görüşleri ve beklentileri analiz edilmiş ve çalışmaya monte edilmiştir.",
"Das Staatsexamen in der Türkei ist in Reihe von Prüfungen eingebettet, deren Bestehen ein zusätzliches Erfordernis für bestimmte Berufe darstellt. Erst im Jahr 2013 wurde in das Staatsexamen die Fachprüfung \"Deutsche Sprache\" eingearbeitet, welche die Chance der Selbstwirksamkeit der Studierenden als Deutschlehrer erhöht. Darin sind grundlegende theoretische Kenntnisse der deutschen Literaturgeschichte, der Fremdsprachendidaktik, sowie der germanistischen Sprachwissenschaft, insbesondere mit Bezug auf die deutsche Gegenwartssprache, sowie die praktische Beherrschung der Normen der geschriebenen deutschen Standardsprache nachzuweisen. Die Lehramtsstudierenden der Deutschen Sprache waren in den vorangegangenen Jahren nicht genug motiviert, weil sie keine Gelegenheit hatten, ihren Beruf als Deutschlehrer auszuüben. Sie hatten mehr die Absicht, eine Universität zu absolvieren und ein Diplom zu haben. Anhand der eingebauten Fachprüfung für \"Deutsch\" in das Staatsexamen haben die Lehramtskandidaten nun die Chance, als kompetente Lehrkräfte für Deutsch als Fremdsprache Stellen zu bekommen und dementsprechend erhöht sich die Motivation der Studierenden gegenüber dem Bachelorstudium.\r\nVor diesem Hintergrund wird in dieser Studie neben einem Überblick über die Entwicklung der deutschen Abteilungen in der Türkei auch eine Darstellung des Lehrplans nachgezeichnet, um der Frage nachzugehen, inwiefern dieser Lehrplan in deutschen Abteilungen die Studierenden zur Bewältigung der Fachprüfung für \"Deutsch\" befähigt. Im Rahmen einer Fragebogenuntersuchung, die mit den Lehramtskandidaten durchgeführt wird, soll die Einstellung der Studierenden gegenüber der Fachprüfung für Deutsch grob umrissen werden."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Staatsprüfung",
"Türkei",
"Deutsch",
"Deutschlehrer",
"Fremdsprachenunterricht",
"Sprachtest"
] | [
"bllo:Motivation",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-366640542"
] | [
[
"Motivation",
"Motiviertheit"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Nun",
"Nun"
]
] | [
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-206064306",
"SouthernBantoid",
"bll-264764609",
"Benue-Congo",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Grassfields languages",
"Grassfields-Sprachen"
],
[
"Southern Bantoid",
"Süd-Bantoid"
],
[
"Bantoid languages",
"Bantoid-Sprachen"
],
[
"Benue-Congo languages",
"Benue-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37564 | Kanak Sprak versus Kiezdeutsch - Sprachverfall oder sprachlicher Spezialfall? Eine ethnolinguistische Untersuchung | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Canoğlu, Hatice Deniz (2012): Kanak Sprak versus Kiezdeutsch – Sprachverfall oder sprachlicher Spezialfall? Eine ethnolinguistische Untersuchung. Berlin: Frank & Timme Verlag für wissenschaftliche Literatur, 135 S."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Jugendsprache",
"Ethnolinguistik",
"Deutsch"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37743 | Diyalog 2015/1 | mul | doc-type:PeriodicalPart | [
"Am stärksten vertreten sind in dieser Ausgabe die deutsch-türkische Interkulturalität und Intermedialität: Der erste Beitrag befasst sich mit der muslimischen Präsenz in Deutschland, wobei der Kern der Untersuchung ein muslimisch-deutsches Problem darstellt, welches ein Dauerbrenner in den öffentlich geführten (medialen) Debatten über Migrations- und Integrationspolitik in Deutschland ist. Der zweite Beitrag befasst sich mit den intertextuellen Bezügen, die Sabahattin Alis Roman Kürk Mantolu Madonna zu Leopold von Sacher-Masochs Novelle Venus im Pelz aufweist. Die autobiographische Erfassung der türkischen Schriftstellerinnen Halide Nusret Zorlutuna, Ismet Kür und Sevim Belli bildet das Thema des letzten Beitrags.\r\nIm Bereich der deutschsprachigen Literatur werden eine Ode von Gottfried Herder einerseits und ein Gedicht von Christa Peikert-Flaspöhlers andererseits thematisiert.\r\nTranslationswissenschaftlich ist der Beitrag, der sich zum Ziel setzt, die vier verschiedenen türkischen Übersetzungen des phantastischen Kinderbuches \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\" miteinander zu vergleichen.\r\nIm Bereich der Erziehungswissenschaft haben wir uns mit einer bereits viel diskutierten Problematik unseres Fachbereichs zu befassen: Die Fehleranalyse bzw. Fehlerursachen der schriftlichen Aufgaben von türkischen Deutschlernenden in der Vorbereitungsklasse.\r\nIm Rezensionsteil tragen Buchbesprechungen zur deutschsprachigen und zur Migrantenliteraturforschung einerseits und zur didaktischen und zur Sprachwissenschaft andererseits bei, wobei die Besprechung der Festschrift für Prof. Dr. Yılmaz Özbek besondere Beachtung finden wird.\r\nEin detailliert informierender Workshopsbericht über das laufende Forschungsprojekt \"Deutsche und Türkische Stereotype im Vergleich\", das im Rahmen des deutsch-türkischen Wissenschaftsjahres vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) gefördert wird, schließt die vorliegende Ausgabe ab."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Germanistik",
"Interkulturalität",
"Linguistik",
"Literaturwissenschaft",
"Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft",
"Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft",
"Zeitschrift",
"ddc:830"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37750 | Almanca hazırlık öğrencilerinin yazılı anlatım yanlışlarının çözümlenmesi | tur | doc-type:article | [
"Bu çalışma Ankara Üniversitesi Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu Almanca hazırlık sınıfı öğrencilerinin yazılı anlatımlarında yaptıkları yanlışların kaynaklarının yanlış çözümlemesi yöntemi uygulanarak tespit edilmesi ve böylece yazma eğitiminde iyileştirici uygulamaların belirlenmesi amacını taşıyan betimsel bir çalışmadır.\r\nBu çalışmada öğrencilerden iki öğretim yılı boyunca yazma dersinde belirli zaman aralıklarıyla yazılı dilde veriler alınmış, alınan bu veriler belirli başlıklar altında sınıflandırılıp yorumlanmıştır. Bu veriler toplanırken veya yıl boyunca devam eden yabancı dil öğrenme süresince ders işleme tekniği ve materyal bakımından araştırmacıların herhangi bir müdahalesi olmamıştır. Alınan verilerin hepsi öğrencinin kendi dil bilgisini yansıtmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS İstatiksel Analiz Programı ile değerlendirilerek, bulguların yüzdelik oranları ve yorumlanması yapılmıştır.\r\nElde edilen verilerin sonuçlarına göre, yanlışların genellikle ana dilden yapılan yanlış aktarımlardan kaynaklandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle kaynağı kesin belli olan problemli noktaların yanlış çözümlemesi yoluyla çözümlenmesiyle tamamlayıcı öğretim ile iyileştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.",
"This study aims to determine the writing mistakes of students in German preparatory classes in the School of Foreign Languages of Ankara University and thus developing better techniqes in teaching writing skills.\r\nIn this study students' writing materials were collected in certain periods throughout two semesters and this data were grouped and assessed under certain headings. The researcher has not intervened in any of the lesson techniques and materials in the foreign language teaching process throughout the year. The answers were evaluated by SPSS Statistical Analyse Program and their percentages and assessments were made.\r\nAccording to the results obtained from this data, it was fixed that most of the mistakes in the second language were made from the interference of the mother tongue. It is aimed to solve these problematic points by using mistake solving teaching methods and complementary education."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutschunterricht",
"Fremdsprachenlernen",
"Interferenz <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133072487",
"bllo:bll-133071669",
"bllo:Interference",
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"Foreign language teaching",
"Fremdsprachenunterricht"
],
[
"Language teaching",
"Sprachunterricht"
],
[
"Interference",
"Interferenz"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37841 | The phonetic development of tibetan : a problem set | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This exercise explores the historical relationship between tone, aspiration, prefixes and stem initial consonants in Tibetan. (The stem-initial consonant is underlined in those words that have prefixes or initial clusters; [ts], [tsh], [tç], [tçh], etc., all count as single consonants.) Other phonetic developments are also explored."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Tibetisch",
"Historische Phonetik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073017",
"bllo:bll-133125793",
"bllo:bll-217289088"
] | [
[
"Consonant",
"Konsonant"
],
[
"Tibetan",
"Tibetisch"
],
[
"Initial",
"Initiale"
]
] | [
[
"Segment",
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Tibetic",
"bll-360589324",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Abbreviation",
"Residual",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Speech sound",
"Sprachlaut"
],
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tibetic",
"Tibetanisch"
],
[
"Bodish",
"Bodisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Abbreviation",
"Abkürzung"
],
[
"Residual",
"Restkategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37842 | 'Subject' and referent tracking : arguments for a discourse-based grammar of chinese | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"This paper is the second in a series arguing for a discourse·based analysis of grammatical relations in Chinese in which there is a direct mapping between semantic role and grammatical function, and there are no relation-changing lexical rules such as passivization that can change that mapping. The correct assignment of semantic roles to the constituents of a discourse is done by the listener purely on the basis of the discourse structure and pragmatics (real world knowledge). Though grammatical analyses of certain constructions can be done on the sentence level, the sentence is generally not the central unit for understanding anaphora and grammatical relations in Chinese. Two related arguments are presented here: the question of 'subject' and the structure of discourse developed from an analysis of the nature of discourse referent tracking."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Chinesisch",
"Grammatik",
"Grammatisches Subjekt"
] | [
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-133077306",
"bllo:SemanticRole",
"bllo:bll-133085325"
] | [
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Anaphora",
"Anaphora"
],
[
"Semantic role",
"Semantische Rolle"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinesisch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133120139",
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
],
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37848 | Verb agreement, head-marking vs. dependent-marking, and the "deconstruction" of Tibeto-Burman morpho-syntax | eng | doc-type:article | [
"Since the mid-1970's, the question of whether or not a verb agreement system1 (VAS) should be reconstructed for Proto-Tibeto-Bunnan (PTB) has been a controversial topic, but because of the large amount of work published arguing in favor of reconstructing a VAS for PTB, especially by James J. Bauman (1974, 1975a, 1975b, 1979) and Scott DeLancey (1980, 1983, 1988, 1989, to appear), many people have begun to accept the existence of a VAS in PTB as received knowledge. In a recent paper on verb agreement systems in Tibeto-Burman, Scott DeLancey states that 'There can no longer be any serious doubt that a system of verb agreement must be attributed to Proto-Tibeto-Bunnan (PTB)' (DeLancey 1988: 1). Though the number of papers supporting this position is quite large, I would like to raise several serious doubts about the theoretical and methodological basis for reconstructing a VAS for PTB' and at the same time argue for the use of functionally and typologically based theories of grammar, as exemplified by the head-marking/dependent-marking distinction developed in Nichols 1986, in diachronic syntax and syntactic reconstruction."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Morphosyntax",
"Proto-Tibetobirmanisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133073408",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:Reconstruction",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-13307384X"
] | [
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Number",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Reconstruction",
"Rekonstruktion"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"AnalyticalProcedure",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Analytical procedure",
"Analytisches Verfahren"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
37852 | "Anti-ergative" marking in Tibeto-Burman | eng | doc-type:article | [
"Using arguments based on the data on verb agreement (pronominalization) in Tibeto-Burman, LaPolla 1989 (see also LaPolla 1992) argues that Proto-Tibeto-Burman should be reconstructed as a language with no inflectional morphology. In that paper it is argued that the Proto-Tibeto- Burman system of grammatical relations1 was closer to the typical 'role-dominated' (Van Valin & Foley 1980) Burmese-Yipho system (epitomized by Lahu—see Matisoff 1973). That is, a system where there is no definable 'subject' or 'direct object'; a system where semantic and pragmatic principles govern the organization of discourse, not syntactic functions. In this paper we look at the nature of 'objects' in Tibeto-Burman languages, and here also find support for this view of Proto-Tibeto-Burman grammatical relations. From a survey of ninety-five reliable grammars or descriptions of languages in the Tibeto-Burman family, I found eleven languages with no nominal object marking, twenty languages with nominal morphology consistently marking the patient as object, regardless of clause type, and sixty-four languages with a type of marking where the patient in monotransitve clauses is often or always marked with the same postposition as the goal or beneficiary (dative) in ditransitve clauses. This type of marking is discussed in Dryer 1986 as Primary Object marking. I argue that this type of marking in the Tibeto-Burman languages reflects the semantically based nature of grammatical relations in Proto-Tibeto-Burman."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Ergativ",
"Proto-Tibetobirmanisch",
"Markiertheit"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133119416",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-133119025",
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:Clause",
"bllo:bll-133087964"
] | [
[
"Pronominalization",
"Pronominalisierung"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Postposition",
"Postposition"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
],
[
"Dative",
"Dativ"
]
] | [
[
"SyntacticProcess",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Adposition",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Syntactic process",
"Syntaktischer Prozess"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Adposition",
"Adposition"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37874 | Valency-changing derivations in Dulong/Rawang | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Dulong/Rawang is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken on both sides of the China/Myanmar (Burma) border just south and cast of Tibet. [...] In this chapter, I will be using data of the Mvtwang (Mvt River) dialect, which is considered the most central of those dialects in Myanmar and so has become something of a standard for writing and intergroup communication, though most of the phenomena we will be discussing are general to dialects in both China and Myanrnar. I will use the short form 'Rawang' in referring to this dialect."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Valenz <Linguistik>",
"Drung",
"Nungisch"
] | [
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:bll-13307904X",
"bllo:bll-195090896"
] | [
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Communication",
"Kommunikation"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37875 | Dulong | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Dulong [...] is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in China, closely related to the Rawang language of Myanmar (Burma). The Dulong speakers mainly live in Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County in Yunnan, China, and belong to either what is known as the Dulong nationality (pop. 5816 according to the 1990 census), or to one part (roughly 6000 people) of the Nu nationality (those who live along the upper reaches of the Nu River). The exonym 'Dulong' (or 'Taron', or 'Trung') was given to this nationality because they mostly live in the valley of the Dulong (Taron/Trung) River. In the past, the Dulong River was known as the Kiu (Qiu) river, and the Dulong people were known as the Kiu (Qiu), Kiutze (Qiuzi), Kiupa, or Kiao. Dulong is usually talked about as having four dialects, based on areas where it is spoken: First Township, Third Township, Fourth Township, and Nujiang. In this chapter, we will be using data of the First Township dialect spoken in Gongshan county."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Drung"
] | [
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:bll-332870464"
] | [
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Rawang",
"Rawang"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Nungish",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Nungish",
"Nungisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37876 | Qiang | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Qiang is spoken in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in northwest Sichuan Province. China; it belongs to the Qiangic branch of Tibeto-Burman. There are two major Qiang dialects. Northern Qiang (spoken in Heishui County, and the Chibusu district of Mao County; roughly 70,000 speakers) and Southern Qiang (spoken in Li County, Wenchuun County, Mao County, and Songpan County; about 60,000) (Sun 1981a: 177-78), The dialect presented here is the Northern Qiang variety spoken in Ronghong Village, Yadu Township, Chibusu District, Mao County."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Qiang-Sprache"
] | [
"bllo:Qiangic",
"bllo:bll-133125793",
"bllo:bll-133102645",
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:NorthernQiang"
] | [
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibetan",
"Tibetisch"
],
[
"Qiang",
"Qiangisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Northern Qiang",
"Nord-Qiang"
]
] | [
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Tibetic",
"bll-360589324",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133102645",
"Qiangic",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Tibetic",
"Tibetanisch"
],
[
"Bodish",
"Bodisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Qiang",
"Qiangisch"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37877 | New perspectives on evidentials : a view from Tibeto-Burman | eng | doc-type:article | [
"Evidentiality is a grammatical category which has source of information as its primary meaning — whether the narrator actually saw what is being described, or made inferences about it based on some evidence, or was told about it, and so on. Evidentials are a particularly salient feature of Tibeto-Burman languages. This volume features in-depth studies of evidentiality systems in six languages: Rgyalthang, a Kham Tibetan dialect, by Krisadawan Hongladarom; Yongning Na (Naxi group; believed to be closely related to Lolo-Burmese), by Liberty Lidz; Darma (Almora branch of Western Himalayish), by Christina Willis; nDrapa (Qiangic), by Satoko Shirai; Magar (Himalayish), by Karen Grunow-Hårsta, and Tabo (or Spiti), a Tibetan dialect, by Veronika Hein. Each opens new perspectives on the composition and the semantics of evidential systems, on the marking of more than one information source in one sentence, and on the grammaticalized expression of mirativity.\r\nThe new insights on evidentiality and related issues from the Tibeto-Burman area are crucial for understanding evidentials in a cross-linguistic perspective."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Evidentialität",
"Tibetobirmanische Sprachen"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:Qiangic",
"bllo:bll-133125793",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:Composition",
"bllo:Lolo-Burmese",
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:bll-13310799X"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibetan",
"Tibetisch"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Composition",
"Komposition"
],
[
"Lolo-Burmese",
"Lolo-Birmanisch"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Magar",
"Magar"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Tibetic",
"bll-360589324",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133074846",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133108074",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Tibetic",
"Tibetanisch"
],
[
"Bodish",
"Bodisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Mahakiranti",
"Mahakiranti"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37888 | The polysemic network of the German preposition "über" : main occurrences from an analysis based on cognitive semantics | por | doc-type:article | [
"In this article, we present a study on the polysemic network of the German preposition \"über\". Such study is the outcome of our master's dissertation research in which we are theoretically grounded on cognitive linguistics, particularly on studies of polysemy based on cognitive semantics. In order to set the polysemic semantic network, we used the model of Principled Polysemy presented by Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans in the book \"The semantics of English prepositions - spatial scenes, embodied meaning and cognition\" (2003) and adapted it for the analysis of the preposition \"über\". In this article we will show the most productive meanings for such preposition.",
"No presente artigo, apresentamos a rede polissêmica da preposição alemã \"über\", que é resultante da pesquisa produzida para a dissertação de mestrado. Como base teórica, fizemos uso dos preceitos da linguística cognitiva, mais especificamente dos estudos de polissemia que se baseiam na semântica cognitiva. Para definir a rede semântica polissêmica, utilizamos o modelo de Polissemia Sistemática apresentado por Andrea Tyler e Vyvyan Evans na obra \"The semantics of English prepositions – spatial scenes, embodied meaning and cognition\" (2003) e o adaptamos para a análise da preposição \"über\". Neste artigo, exporemos os significados mais produtivos para esta preposição.",
"Im vorliegenden Artikel wird das polyseme Netz der deutschen Präposition \"über\" präsentiert, Ergebnis der Forschung für die Masterarbeit. Die theoretische Grundlage beruht auf den Prinzipien der kognitiven Linguistik, genauer gesagt, der Polysemieforschung, die wiederum auf der kognitiven Semantik basiert. Um das semantische polyseme Netz auszuarbeiten, wurde das Modell der systematischen Polysemie benutzt, das die Forscher Andrea Tyler und Vyvyan Evans in dem Buch \"The semantics of English prepositions - spatial scenes, embodied meaning and cognition\" (2003) vorgestellt haben. Das Modell wurde der Analyse von \"über\" angepasst. In diesem Artikel werden wir die produktivsten Bedeutungen für diese Präposition darstellen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Kognitive Linguistik",
"Kognitive Semantik",
"Polysemie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133119092",
"bllo:CognitiveLinguistics",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133083756",
"bllo:bll-133119092",
"bllo:Polysemy",
"bllo:Polysemy"
] | [
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Preposition",
"Präposition"
],
[
"Cognitive linguistics",
"Kognitive Linguistik"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Cognition",
"Kognition"
],
[
"Preposition",
"Präposition"
],
[
"Polysemy",
"Polysemie"
],
[
"Polysemy",
"Polysemie"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Adposition",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Adposition",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalRelation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalRelation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Adposition",
"Adposition"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Adposition",
"Adposition"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical relation",
"Lexikalische Relation"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical relation",
"Lexikalische Relation"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37897 | Emotionswortschatz: (lerner)lexikographisch und korpuslinguistisch : Fallbeispiel: Kollokationen des Typs Verb + Adverb | deu | doc-type:article | [
"In dem Beitrag wird am Beispiel von zwei Emotionsverben des Deutschen und Tschechischen exemplarisch der Frage nachgegangen, wie typische Kollokationen zum Emotionswortschatz für die Belange eines zweisprachigen (tschechischdeutschen und deutsch-tschechischen) (Lerner-)Wörterbuches zu ermitteln sind. Im Mittelpunkt des Interesses befinden sich Kollokationen des Strukturtyps Verb + Adverb, weil dieser Typ von der Forschung bis jetzt nur ungenügend beachtet wurde. In einem ersten Schritt wird die Beschreibungspraxis in neueren ein- und zweisprachigen Wörterbüchern untersucht. In einem zweiten Schritt werden die Ergebnisse der Kookkurrenzanalyse zu den ausgewählten Ausdrücken anhand des Deutschen Referenzkorpus des IDS Mannheim und des Tschechischen Nationalkorpus ausgewertet. Zum Schluss werden aus den Ergebnissen der Gegenüberstellung Beschreibungsvorschläge für die lexikographische Praxis gemacht."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Expressivität <Linguistik>",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch",
"Korpus <Linguistik>",
"Lexikographie"
] | [
"bllo:Adverb",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:ReferenceCorpus"
] | [
[
"Adverb",
"Adverb"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Reference corpus",
"Referenzkorpus"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CorpusTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
37898 | Scham in der deutschen und der tschechischen Phraseologie | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit dem Vergleich deutscher und tschechischer Phraseme, welche die Emotion Scham und ihre Abstufungen wie Peinlichkeit und Verlegenheit darstellen. Als Ausgangspunkt der Analyse wurde auf der Grundlage von Recherchen in zwei phraseologischen Wörterbüchern ein zweisprachiges phraseologisches Korpus zusammengestellt, wodurch die Anzahl der festen Wendungen eingeschränkt und eindeutig definiert wurde. Das Korpus wurde mit Hilfe einer weiteren Analyse von Sprachkorpora teilweise modifiziert. Im zweiten Schritt wurden die gegenübergestellten deutschen und tschechischen Phraseme entsprechend des Grades ihrer Äquivalenz klassifiziert. Wenn in den benutzten Wörterbüchern keine Entsprechung in der Ausgangs- bzw. Zielsprache angegeben war, wurden darüber hinaus Äquivalente der phraseologischen Wendungen in deutschen und tschechischen Korpora gesucht."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Phraseologie",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch",
"Expressivität <Linguistik>",
"Scham <Motiv>"
] | [
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133089762",
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"War",
"Krieg"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
37899 | Unikale Elemente : eine Herausforderung für Lexikologie und Lexikografie | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Als unikale Elemente werden Wörter bezeichnet, die nur innerhalb einer festen Verbindung (Phrasem) existieren, wie etwa abhanden oder vorstellig, die nur in den Phrasemen abhanden kommen bzw. vorstellig werden zu finden sind. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Darstellung ausgewählter unikaler Elemente in gängigen Print- und Online-Wörterbüchern mit dem tatsächlichen Gebrauch der betreffenden Elemente in Texten kontrastiert. Aus dieser Untersuchung geht hervor, dass nicht alle als unikal eingestuften Elemente nur in einem Phrasem auftreten. Manche gehen auch Verbindungen mit anderen Wörtern ein. Die in dieser Studie gewonnenen Einsichten können dazu beitragen, die lexikografische Darstellung der unikalen Elemente in künftigen Wörterbuchgenerationen zu verbessern."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lexikologie",
"Lexikographie",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133077136"
] | [
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37900 | Leitartikel des "Mährischen Tagblatts" als Belegquelle für historische Phraseographie | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Der Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung, in der 120 verbale Phrasembelege aus 17 Leitartikeln des Mährischen Tagblatts (MT) vom August 1880 mit den Einträgen in ausgewählten Wörterbüchern der Gegenwartssprache verglichen wurden, um Informationen über die Entwicklung dieser Phraseme zu gewinnen. Die formalen und semantischen Unterschiede wurden nach dem Vergleich mit den Belegen im Deutschen Wörterbuch der Brüder Grimm und ggf. im Deutschen Referenzkorpus in 20 Fällen als ältere Varianten bestimmt, siebenmal ging es um kontextbedingte Modifikationen und dreimal wahrscheinlich um unbeabsichtigte Kontaminationen mehrerer Phraseme. Bei 23 Belegen kann man erst nach einem Vergleich mit weiteren MT- bzw. anderen zeitgenössischen Texten ihre Konnotationen bestimmen und entscheiden, ob es sich um ältere Varianten handelt oder ob ihre Verwendung schon der heutigen Kodifizierung entspricht. Mehr als die Hälfte der Phraseme (67 Tokens) wurden in der heutigen Form und Bedeutung verwendet."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Mähren",
"Leitartikel",
"Zeitung",
"Phraseologie"
] | [
"bllo:ReferenceCorpus",
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133072878",
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Reference corpus",
"Referenzkorpus"
],
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Allophone",
"Varianten"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
[
"CorpusTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37901 | Lexikographie der Jugendsprache in neueren deutschen Lernerwörterbüchern | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im Gegensatz zu den vielfach kritisierten Jugendsprache-Wörterbüchern könnten allgemeinsprachliche Wörterbücher den Bestand der jugendsprachlichen Lexik auf einem höheren wissenschaftlichen Niveau kodifizieren und den lexikographischwissenschaftlichen Anforderungen, hinsichtlich der Lexik der Jugendsprache, besser gerecht werden, wie das der einschlägigen Fachliteratur zu entnehmen ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund soll untersucht werden, inwieweit die auf dem Wörterbuchmarkt vermehrt auftauchenden neueren Lernerwörterbücher des Deutschen als Fremdsprache den Erwartungen gegenüber einer sachgemäßen Beschreibung der Lexik der Jugendsprache (Bestand, Markierung, Semantik, Pragmatik, Kollokationen, Beispielsätze) entsprechen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Jugendsprache",
"Deutsch",
"Lernerwörterbuch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307448X"
] | [
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
37902 | Semantisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache für maschinelle Sprachverarbeitungssysteme | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im folgenden Beitrag handelt es sich um die Entwicklung eines semantischen Wörterbuches der deutschen Sprache für maschinelle Sprachverarbeitungssysteme im Rahmen des Projektes \"Compreno\" bei dem russischen IT-Unternehmen ABBYY. Es wird eine kurze Übersicht über andere elektronische Quellen zur deutschen Sprache gegeben, ferner werden ihre Unterschiede im Vergleich zum Projektwörterbuch analysiert. An einigen Beispielen werden aktuelle Probleme der Computerlexikografie (Bedeutungsunterscheidung, Komposita-Analyse u.a.) und ihre mögliche Lösung in Bezug auf das Projektwörterbuch betrachtet."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Elektronisches Wörterbuch",
"Deutsch",
"Semantik"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37903 | Wortschatzlisten auf dem Prüfstand | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen Ansätzen der Konstruktion von Grundwortschatzbeständen für den Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Am Beispiel des kommunikativ-pragmatisch erstellten Wortschatzes, der in Profile Deutsch erfasst ist, und zwei frequenzorientierten Listen, der DeReWo Wortliste und der Herder/BYU Häufigkeitsliste, werden anhand einer empirischen Gegenüberstellung Stärken und Schwächen der verschiedenen Ansätze herausgestellt. Resümierend werden in diesem Beitrag Desiderate sowie mögliche Lösungsansätze zur validen und empirisch abgesicherten Grundwortschatzbestimmung zur Diskussion gestellt."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch als Fremdsprache",
"Grundwortschatz"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37904 | Zur Konzipierung eines deutsch-spanischen kombiniert onomasiologisch-semasiologisch ausgerichteten Verbwörterbuchs mit Online-Zugriff : ausgewählte Aspekte | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Dieser Beitrag basiert auf dem Forschungsprojekt DICONALE, das sich die Erstellung eines konzeptuell orientierten, zweisprachigen Wörterbuchs mit Online-Zugang für Verballexeme des Deutschen und Spanischen zum Ziel gesetzt hat. Das Anliegen dieses Beitrags ist es, die relevantesten Eigenschaften des geplanten Wörterbuchs exemplarisch anhand von zwei Verblexemen aus dem konzeptuellen Feld der KOGNITION vorzustellen. Neben der Beschreibung der paradigmatischen Sinnrelationen der Feldelemente zueinander wird besonderer Wert auf die syntagmatischen Inhalts- und Ausdrucksstrukturen und auf die kontrastive Analyse gelegt. Es wird versucht, einerseits einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Besonderheiten des Wörterbuchs anzubieten und andererseits die Relevanz solcher Kriterien für die heutige kontrastive Lexikographie Deutsch-Spanisch nachzuweisen."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Deutsch",
"Spanisch",
"Wörterbuch",
"Online-Wörterbuch",
"Kognitives Verb"
] | [
"bllo:ContrastiveAnalysis",
"bllo:bll-133073688",
"bllo:bll-133083756"
] | [
[
"Contrastive analysis",
"Kontrastive Analyse"
],
[
"Lexicography",
"Lexikographie"
],
[
"Cognition",
"Kognition"
]
] | [
[
"AnalyticalProcedure",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Analytical procedure",
"Analytisches Verfahren"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37905 | Zum Informationsangebot deutscher Aussprachewörterbücher für tschechische Germanistikstudierende | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Aussprachewörterbücher stellen für nichtmuttersprachliche Germanistikstudierende nach wie vor eine der wichtigsten Informationsquellen über die gesprochene Form der deutschen Gegenwartssprache dar. Beim Vergleich der gängigen Aussprachewörterbücher des Deutschen kann man jedoch gravierende Unterschiede feststellen, die einen Nichtmuttersprachler leicht zu desorientieren (wenn nicht gerade zu verwirren) vermögen. Im Beitrag werden die zwei gebräuchlichsten Aussprachewörterbücher der deutschen Sprache (DUDEN Das Aussprachewörterbuch und De Gruyter Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch) im Hinblick auf das darin enthaltene Informationsangebot für tschechische Germanistikstudierende verglichen. In den Vordergrund tritt somit die Darstellung der für tschechische Deutschstudierende problematischen phonetischen Erscheinungen. Des Weiteren wird folgenden Aspekten Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt: konzeptionelle Ausgangspunkte, Umfang und Stichwörterauswahl, theoretische Beschreibung des phonetisch-phonologischen Systems des Deutschen sowie der deutschen Standardlautung, Aktualitätsbezug, Beschreibung von regionalen Varietäten, Berücksichtigung der Phonostilistik usw."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Phonetik",
"Wörterbuch",
"Deutsch als Fremdsprache",
"Tschechische Republik",
"Germanistikstudium"
] | [
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133078744",
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Pronouncing dictionary",
"Aussprachewörterbuch"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"DictionaryTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37906 | Nationale Sozialisten gegen das System : die Lexik rechtsextremer Internet-Seiten | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Der Beitrag untersucht ausgewählte rechtsextreme Internetseiten hinsichtlich der auf ihnen gebrauchten spezifischen Lexik. Dabei richtet sich die Aufmerksamkeit zunächst darauf, wie dort lexikalisch auf die Sprache des Nationalsozialismus Bezug genommen wird. Weitere Themen sind das Vorkommen rechtsextremer Hochwertwörter, die Umdeutung demokratischer politischer Lexik sowie die lexikalischen Mittel zur Polemisierung. Ferner stellt der Beitrag dar, wie auf den betreffenden Seiten die germanische Mythologie für die rechtsextreme Ideologie instrumentalisiert wird. Generell zeigt sich, dass die lexikalischen Spezifika rechtsextremer Internetseiten mit denjenigen traditioneller Publikationen übereinstimmen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Rechtsradikalismus",
"Web-Seite",
"Lexikologie",
"Deutsch"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37907 | Zur Erforschung und lexikographischen Erfassung der substantivierten Infinitive auf der Grundlage neuer korpusanalytischer Methoden | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Die bisherige mangelhafte Berücksichtigung der substantivierten Infinitive in zweisprachigen Wörterbüchern Deutsch-Tschechisch kontrastiert mit deren oft hoher Vorkommenshäufigkeit sowie mit den Anforderungen, die an moderne Übersetzungswörterbücher seitens ihrer Benutzer gestellt werden, u. a. auch im Bereich der Darstellung der Kollokabilität und Erfassung der Synonymie bzw. Wortbildungskonkurrenz. Die Aufnahme und Darstellung der Infinitivkonvertate im entstehenden Großen Akademischen Wörterbuch Deutsch-Tschechisch wird in diesem Beitrag aus einer Corpus-Driven-Position behandelt."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Substantivierter Infinitiv",
"Zweisprachiges Wörterbuch",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch"
] | [
"bllo:Dictionary",
"bllo:bll-13308552X",
"bllo:bll-13311564X",
"bllo:bll-133074722"
] | [
[
"Dictionary",
"Wörterbuch"
],
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Modernity",
"Moderne"
],
[
"Synonymy",
"Synonymie"
]
] | [
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133107426",
"NonfiniteVerb",
"bll-133127125",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Infinitive",
"Infinitiv"
],
[
"Nonfinite verb",
"Infinite Verbform"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
37908 | Kann er ihr Hörner aufsetzen? : zu Geschlechtsspezifik und Restriktionen von deutschen und tschechischen somatischen Phrasemen | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im vorliegenden Aufsatz werden vor dem Hintergrund der bisherigen germanistischen und bohemistischen Phraseologieforschung und in Anlehnung an die Herangehensweise von PIIRAINEN (2001) bzw. DOBROVOĽSKIJ/PIIRAINEN (2009) einige Phraseme benannt, die eine Art verstärktes Potenzial für eine geschlechtsbedingte Restriktion aufweisen. Die Überlegungen zu der Auswahl dieser Phraseme, ihrer phraseographischen Verarbeitung, der Ermittlung erforderlicher Angaben zur Geschlechtsmarkierung und einem eventuellen interlingualen phraseologischen Vergleich werden an verbalen Phrasemen mit Substantivkomponenten aus dem semantischen Bereich der Somatismen illustriert."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Phraseologie",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch",
"Geschlechterstereotyp"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37909 | Es weihnachtet sehr... in der Sprache : zum Prozess der Nomination im Bereich des Kulinarischen (am Beispiel der Bezeichnungen für Weihnachtsgebäck) | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im Beitrag werden die Tendenzen im Bereich der Bildung von kulinarischen Bezeichnungen im Deutschen untersucht. Als empirische Basis gelten Benennungen für Weihnachtsgebäck, die in ihrem Komponentenbestand sowohl Weihnachtsbegriffe als auch Lexeme enthalten, die gewisse Assoziationen mit Weihnachten wecken oder kulturell geprägte Begriffe sind. Es wird auf die Struktur, die Art der Komponentenverbindung und die Motiviertheit der gesammelten Namen eingegangen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Weihnachtsgebäck",
"Lexikologie",
"Deutsch",
"Namenkunde"
] | [
"bllo:Motivation",
"bllo:Lexeme"
] | [
[
"Motivation",
"Motiviertheit"
],
[
"Lexeme",
"Lexem"
]
] | [
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37912 | [Rezension zu:] Hana Jílková: Farbbegriffe in den tschechischen festgeprägten Wendungen und ihre Entsprechungen im Deutschen. Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2011 | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Hana Jílková: Farbbegriffe in den tschechischen festgeprägten Wendungen und ihre Entsprechungen im Deutschen. Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2011, ISBN: 978-3-7069-0686-9, 130 S."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Kontrastive Phraseologie",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch",
"Farbe"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37913 | [Rezension zu:] Lenka Matušková: Vergleichssätze und Modusgebrauch (anhand ausgewählter deutscher und tschechischer Texte der Gegenwartsliteratur). Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2012 | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Lenka Matušková: Vergleichssätze und Modusgebrauch (anhand ausgewählter deutscher und tschechischer Texte der Gegenwartsliteratur). Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2012, ISBN 978-80-7395-229-7, 85 und XXV S."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Modus",
"Vergleichssatz",
"Literatur",
"Tschechisch",
"Deutsch"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37916 | [Rezension zu:] Kateřina Šichová: Mit Händen und Füßen reden. Verbale Phraseme im deutsch-tschechischen Vergleich. Tübingen: Julius Groos Verlag, 2013 | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Kateřina Šichová: Mit Händen und Füßen reden. Verbale Phraseme im deutsch-tschechischen Vergleich. Tübingen: Julius Groos Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978–3–87276–892–6, 435 S."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Kontrastive Phraseologie",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37917 | [Rezension zu:] Lenka Vaňková et al.: Emotionalität in deutschen und tschechischen Medientexten. Ostrava: Filozofická fakulta OU, 2012 | deu | doc-type:review | [
"Rezension zu Lenka Vaňková et al.: Emotionalität in deutschen und tschechischen Medientexten. Ostrava: Filozofická fakulta OU, 2012, ISBN 978-80-7464-187-9, 207 S."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Kontrastive Phraseologie",
"Mediensprache",
"Deutsch",
"Tschechisch",
"Expressivität <Linguistik>"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
37918 | Aktuelle Berichte | deu | doc-type:report | [
"Künftige Standards wissenschaftlicher Lexikographie. Europäischer Workshop an der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Berlin, 25.–27. März 2012 (Marco Scheider, Christiane Unger)\r\n\"Bild ist Text ist Bild. Narration und Ästhetik in der Graphic Novel\". Konferenz an der Universität Wien, 03.–04. Dezember 2012 (Susanne Hochreiter, Ursula Klingenböck)\r\nEmotionalität im Text. Konferenz an der Universität Ostrava, 20.–23. Februar 2013 (Ágnes Veszelszki)\r\n\"Stiftungslehrstühle des BKM in Ost- und Mitteleuropa\". Wissenschaftliche Tagung in Olomouc, 11. April 2013 (Veronika Opletalová)\r\n21. Franz Werfel-Tagung \"Reise und Raum. Ortsbestimmungen der österreichischen Literatur\" in Wien, 26.–27. April 2013 (Zdeněk Pecka)"
] | ddc:430 | [
"Deutsch",
"Germanistik",
"Kongressbericht",
"Literatur",
"Linguistik",
"ddc:830"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073688",
"bllo:bll-133119890",
"bllo:Image",
"bllo:bll-377764906",
"bllo:Text"
] | [
[
"Lexicography",
"Lexikographie"
],
[
"Spatial terms",
"Raum"
],
[
"Image",
"Bild"
],
[
"Journey",
"Reise"
],
[
"Text",
"Text"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
37955 | Eastern Asia: Sino-Tibetan linguistic history | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The Sino-Tibetan language family enshrines the migratory histories of many East Asian populations, including the Chinese, Tibetans, and Burmese. Its history is intimately associated with Neolithic and Bronze Age developments in China itself, and today it is one of the major world language families in terms of population numbers."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Sinotibetische Sprachen",
"Internationale Migration",
"Migration",
"Historische Sprachwissenschaft"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133083780",
"bllo:bll-133085325"
] | [
[
"Burmese",
"Burmesisch"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinesisch"
]
] | [
[
"Burmish",
"Lolo-Burmese",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Burmish",
"Birmanisch"
],
[
"Lolo-Burmese",
"Lolo-Birmanisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
37956 | Once again on person marking in tibeto-burman : a reply to DeLancey 2010 | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"In terms of the direction of development, I referred to Johanna Nichols' work on head-marking vs. dependant marking. Nichols did not make reference to any languages in Tibeto-Burman, but all of the Tibeto-Burman languages that do not have verb agreement systems are solidly dependent-marking (i.e., they have marking on the nouns for case or pragmatic function); those languages with verb agreement systems, a type of head marking, also have many dependent-marking features (of the same types as the non-pronominalized languages). The question, then, is which is older, the dependent-marking type or the headmarking (actually mixed) type?"
] | ddc:490 | [
"Tibetobirmanische Sprachen",
"Marker <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-133120139",
"bllo:bll-133072851"
] | [
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
] |
37957 | Arguments for a construction-based approach to the analysis of chinese | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"This paper argues that long-standing problems in the analysis of Chinese, such as the question of word classes and grammatical relations, can be resolved, or actually done away with completely, if we take a constructionist approach in the analysis. This means the constructions are taken as basic, so we only need to look at the propositional functions of elements in the construction (referential, modifying, or predicative), and do not need to posit global categories such as word classes and grammatical relations."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Chinesisch",
"Konstruktionsgrammatik",
"Grammatische Relation",
"Wortart",
"Attribut"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073629",
"bllo:bll-133085325",
"bllo:Word"
] | [
[
"Word classes",
"Wortarten"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinesisch"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37958 | A grammar of Qiang : with annotated texts and glossary | eng | doc-type:preprint | [
"This book is a full reference grammar of Qiang, one of the minority languages of southwest China, spoken by about 70,000 Qiang and Tibetan people in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in northern Sichuan Province. It belongs to the Qiangic branch of Tibeto-Burman (one of the two major branches of Sino-Tibetan). The dialect presented in the book is the Northern Qiang variety spoken in Ronghong Village, Yadu Township, Chibusu District, Mao County. This book, the first book-length description of the Qiang language in English, is the result of many years of work on the language."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Grammatik",
"Qiang-Sprache"
] | [
"bllo:Qiangic",
"bllo:bll-133125793",
"bllo:bll-133102645",
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:Tibeto-Burman",
"bllo:NorthernQiang",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-133120139"
] | [
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibetan",
"Tibetisch"
],
[
"Qiang",
"Qiangisch"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Northern Qiang",
"Nord-Qiang"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
]
] | [
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Tibetic",
"bll-360589324",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133102645",
"Qiangic",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Tibetic",
"Tibetanisch"
],
[
"Bodish",
"Bodisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Qiang",
"Qiangisch"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
37960 | Bibliography of the Papers from the International Conferences on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics I-XXV (second edition) | eng | doc-type:book | [
"The annual conferences on Sino-Tibetan languages and linguistics began on a small scale at Yale in 1968, with only eight conferees sitting around a table, but have grown tremendously over the years, until they now usually attract over 100 participants, and have become the chief focus of scholarly activity in the field. Ever since 1971, the word “international” has appeared in the official title of the Conferences, and rightly so, since they have become truly global in scope. Since the mid-1970’s, they have increasingly been held outside the U.S.: Copenhagen (1976), Paris (1979), Beijing (1982), Bangkok (1985), Vancouver (1987), Lund (1988), Bangkok (1991), Osaka (1993), Paris (1994) [planned].\r\n[...] Most of the papers presented at the Conferences are of high quality, and usually find their way into print within a few years. Yet in spite of valiant attempts to put out real volumes of Proceedings, e.g. the partial collection achieved for #14 (University of Florida, 1983), the most that has been managed is a photocopied version of the papers velo-bound together (e.g. for #16, University of Washington, 1983), or a collection of the abstracts submitted by the participants, e.g. for #15 (Beijing, 1982), for #18 (Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 1985), or for #25 (University of California, Berkeley, 1992). It was realized early on that it would be a good thing to keep some kind of record of which papers were presented when, before things got too badly out of hand. [...] The first version of this Bibliography (1989) was produced with admirable thoroughness and rapidity by the members of the STEDT staff. John B. Lowe devised the Macintosh software for the job, and the inputting of the authors and titles was done by many willing hands. Randy J. LaPolla did most of the editorial work on the first edition: he translated the dozens of Chinese titles, tracked down almost all the published versions of the papers by scouring journals and bibliographies, and wrote personally to many authors requesting addenda and corrigenda to the listings of their works."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Sinotibetische Sprachen",
"Bibliografie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133121895",
"bllo:bll-133122719",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133085325",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-133077136"
] | [
[
"Scope",
"Scopus"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinesisch"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
]
] | [
[
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept"
],
[
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Unclassified linguistic concept",
"Nichtklassifiziertes linguistisches Konzept"
]
],
[
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
37970 | Proceedings of the workshop on Syntax of Predication, Nov 2-3, 2001, ZAS-Berlin | eng | doc-type:workingPaper | [
"This volume presents working versions of presentations heard at and selected for the Workshop on Syntax of Predication, held at ZAS, Berlin, on November 2-3, 2001 (except the editor’s own paper).\r\nPredication is a many-faceted topic which involves both syntax and semantics and the interface between them. This is reflected in the papers of the volume."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Prädikat",
"Linguistik",
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft",
"Syntax"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133075281"
] | [
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Predication",
"Prädikation"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticProcess",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic process",
"Syntaktischer Prozess"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38046 | On transitivity | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper critically discusses and contrasts some of the different conceptualisations of transitivity that have been presented in the literature, and argues that transitivity as a morphosyntactic phenomenon and effectiveness of an event as a semantic concept should be separated in discussions of transitivity, and also, like many other aspects of grammar, transitivity should be seen as a constructional phenomenon, and so each construction in a language needs to be examined separately, in natural contexts. An Appendix presents some general questions one can consider when analysing language data."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Konstruktionsgrammatik",
"Ergativ",
"Thematische Relation",
"Transitivität",
"Valenz <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133126242",
"bllo:MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"bllo:Grammar"
] | [
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Transitivity",
"Transitivität"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"",
"",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
38047 | On transitivity in two Tibeto-Burman languages | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper presents the analyses of transitivity and questions about transitivity in two languages (Rawang and Qiang) that have been described using very different definitions of transitivity, with a view to showing that each language must be analysed on its own terms, and so the criteria used for identifying transitivity, if it is to be identified at all, might be different between languages. In the case of these two languages it is at least partly due to the two languages differing in terms of the degree of systematicity of the marking, with the Rawang marking being more systematic."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Grammatische Kategorie",
"Transitivität",
"Valenz <Linguistik>",
"Qiang-Sprache",
"Nungisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-133102645",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133126242",
"bllo:bll-332870464"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Qiang",
"Qiangisch"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Transitivity",
"Transitivität"
],
[
"Rawang",
"Rawang"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Nungish",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Nungish",
"Nungisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
38077 | English-qiang glossary by semantic field | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Recorded by Randy J. LaPolla from Mr. Chen Yonglin of Qugu Village, Chibusu District, Mao County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China.\r\nNote on the transcription: The recording here is phonetic rather than phonemic, and so, for example, glottal stops are recorded, even though they are not phonemic."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Qiang-Sprache",
"Glossar"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133125793",
"bllo:bll-133102645",
"bllo:bll-133073297",
"bllo:bll-133100081",
"bllo:Even"
] | [
[
"Tibetan",
"Tibetisch"
],
[
"Qiang",
"Qiangisch"
],
[
"Transcription",
"Transkription"
],
[
"Glottal",
"Glottal"
],
[
"Even",
"Even"
]
] | [
[
"Tibetic",
"bll-360589324",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Qiangic",
"Tibeto-Burman",
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WritingSystem",
"LinguisticSystem",
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133112985",
"PlaceFeature",
"ConsonantTypeFeature",
"bll-133072851",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133088472",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Tibetic",
"Tibetanisch"
],
[
"Bodish",
"Bodisch"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Qiangic",
"Qiangic"
],
[
"Tibeto-Burman",
"Tibeto-Burman"
],
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Writing system",
"Schrift"
],
[
"Linguistic system",
"Linguistisches System"
],
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Laryngeal",
"Laryngal"
],
[
"Place feature",
"Artikulationsstelle"
],
[
"Consonant type feature",
"Konsonantenart"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tungus",
"Tungusisch"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
38230 | Byproducts and side effects : Nebenprodukte und Nebeneffekte | mul | doc-type:workingPaper | [
"The papers collected in this volume have very diverse topics – such as prosodic peculiarities (Meinunger and Hamlaoui & Roussarie), morphological items (McFadden and Steriopolo), or phenomena concerning syntax and its interfaces, such as syntax-morphology (Kamali), syntax-parsing (Winkler), or syntax-pragmatics (Bittner & Dery). The languages considered range from quite prominent German and French via Turkish to very exotic Nuuchahnulth or no longer spoken Old and Middle English. However, all contributions center around structural phenomena and provide analyses in terms of grammatical theory."
] | ddc:400 | [
"Intonation <Linguistik>",
"Morphologie <Linguistik>",
"Syntax",
"Morphosyntax",
"Kontrastive Linguistik",
"ddc:410"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:bll-133070557",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133070425",
"bllo:bll-133125157",
"bllo:bll-13307384X"
] | [
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"French",
"Französisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Middle English",
"Mittelenglisch"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Türkisch"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133070549",
"bll-133096246",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"HistoricalFormOfEnglish",
"bll-133070409",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"OghuzTurkic",
"bll-133088499",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Historical form of English",
"Sprachstufe des Englischen"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Oghuz Turkic",
"Oghusisch"
],
[
"Turkic",
"Turksprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
38231 | #Je suis Charlie : Semantic and prosodic anatomy of an empathic copular sentence | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"\"Je suis Charlie\" was used over 619.000 times in the two days that have followed the attack of the editorial team of Charlie Hebdo (Le Progrès, The Huffington Post) and has regularly been taken up in both written and spoken form since. In this paper, we argue that the structure of this sentence actually clashes with its meaning. More specifically, whereas its word order and default rightmost sentence stress are compatible either with an all-focus reading or a narrow focusing of Charlie, the context of use of this sentence as well as the solidarity/empathy message it intends to communicate suggest that its subject is narrowly focused. We will propose that two strategies have emerged to solve this conflict: (i) various alternative forms have appeared that allow proper subject focusing and (ii) speakers have reinterpreted the structure so as to pragmatically retrieve the (additive) focused nature of the subject."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Semantik",
"Intonation <Linguistik>",
"Kopulasatz"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-133073165",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133073947",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133124703"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Stress",
"Tonstärke"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Word order",
"Wortfolge"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ProsodicPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Prosodic phenomenon",
"Prosodisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38232 | Preverbal ge- in Old and Middle English | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"This paper aims to work toward a proper understanding of the role of preverbal ge- in Old English (henceforth OE) and its disappearance in the course of Middle English. This prefix is reminiscent of its cognates in Modern German and Dutch (also written ge-) in its distribution, but even a cursory examination of the details reveals it to be quite distinct, as we will see. The proper characterization of that distribution, and of its diachronic development, has proven to be extremely difficult. I have thus carried out a large-scale corpus study using the York-Toronto-Helsinki parsed corpus of Old English prose (Taylor et al. 2003) and the Penn-Helsinki parsed corpus of Middle English, 2nd ed. (Kroch & Taylor 1999). This paper will report the results of the first phase of the project, involving patterns in the data that could be identified primarily on the basis of automatic searches in the corpora."
] | ddc:420 | [
"Altenglisch",
"Mittelenglisch",
"Präfix",
"ge <Morphem>"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133070409",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133073521",
"bllo:bll-133070425",
"bllo:Even",
"bllo:Corpus",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-133070433",
"bllo:Distribution",
"bllo:bll-133116948"
] | [
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Prefix",
"Präfix"
],
[
"Middle English",
"Mittelenglisch"
],
[
"Even",
"Even"
],
[
"Corpus",
"Korpus"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Old English",
"Altenglisch"
],
[
"Distribution",
"Distribution"
],
[
"Dutch",
"Niederländisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073513",
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"HistoricalFormOfEnglish",
"bll-133070409",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133088472",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"HistoricalFormOfEnglish",
"bll-133070409",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Affix",
"Affix"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Historical form of English",
"Sprachstufe des Englischen"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Tungus",
"Tungusisch"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Historical form of English",
"Sprachstufe des Englischen"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
38233 | The information structural effects of German P- and D-pronouns in discourse | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The present investigation steps back to the claims of the 1990s by assuming that there is a functional opposition in the use of P- and D-PRO which affects the status of the pronoun's referent in the mental model of the discourse. We interpret the earlier findings as an indication of an information structural difference which is specifically relevant on the discourse level. The question we address here is twofold. Firstly, we ask whether the assumed opposition in the information status of P- and D-PRO referents has consequences on referent continuation in the ongoing discourse. So far, the effects of P- vs. D-PRO use were determined concerning the status of the pronoun referent in the actual sequence of discourse, i.e. they were determined by a judgement on the salience or the topic/focus status of the pronominal DP. As far as we can see, this determination has not been operationalized further. Since there are contexts in which both P- and D-PRO would fit in with only a feeling of a difference but without clear-cut exclusiveness, the opposition is empirically not well validated. If we could show that there are effects of type of pronoun on the ongoing discourse this would, in our view, provide the lacking empirical validation. Secondly, we ask whether there are effects of the narrator's point of view on P- and D-PRO use. The idea behind this question is that the way of information unfolding in discourse depends on the speaker. S/he decides which pieces of information come next, what is foreground and what is background information. If type of pronoun choice is related to the processes of discourse organization by the speaker – via fore- and backgrounding of information – and if internal or external location of the narrator's point of view influences the organization strategies of the speaker/narrator this might have an ffect on the use of P- and D-PRO."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Personalpronomen",
"Demonstrativpronomen",
"Informationsstruktur",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:Opposition",
"bllo:bll-133119394"
] | [
[
"Opposition",
"Opposition"
],
[
"Pronoun",
"Pronomen"
]
] | [
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38234 | Verbal applicatives in Nuuchahnulth | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In this article, I provide a description and analysis of the morphemes čiɫ 'do to', ḥta 'do towards' and cḥin 'do for' in the Southern Wakashan language Nuuchahnulth (nuučaan̓uɫ). I argue that these morphemes are verbal applicatives that add a non-core argument to the thematic structure of a verb.\r\nVerbal applicatives in Nuuchahnulth are interesting to investigate because they exhibit typologically unique behaviour that has never been studied before. Applicatives are traditionally considered functional elements whose only purpose is to add an indirect object to the argument structure of the verb (Pylkkanen 2002:17). Nuuchahnulth is the only known language that productively uses independent verbs for this purpose.\r\nNuuchahnulth is an indigenous language of Canada spoken in the province of British Columbia. It consists of 14 major dialects, most of which have never been studied. All of these dialects are now highly endangered and urgently need to be documented."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Wakash-Sprachen",
"Nootka",
"Applikativ"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133128180",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-13311712X",
"bllo:bll-133078108"
] | [
[
"Wakashan",
"Wakashan"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Object",
"Objekt"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133075117",
"bll-133107264",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Indigenous languages of North and Central America",
"Indigene Sprachen Nordamerikas und Zentralamerikas"
],
[
"Native American languages",
"Indigene amerikanische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38235 | Caseless direct objects in Turkish revisited | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"It has been claimed and widely assumed that caseless direct objects in Turkish exhibit a sort of syntactic incorporation, and only their cased counterparts are true syntactic arguments (Kornfilt 1997; Knecht 1986; Nilsson 1986; Öztürk 2005 among others). Cased and caseless objects are thus widely taken as derivationally related, crystallized in Kelepir's (2001) proposal that objects pick up overt accusative as they move out of the VP. In this paper, I would like to revisit both the empirical evidence and the interpretation leading to these claims and propose revisions.\r\nI first show that not all caseless objects are the same. Mostly drawing on Aydemir (2004), I argue that bare caseless objects and those with indefinite expressions have differences that would be very unusual if they were both incorporated. However, adopting Öztürk (2005) and against Aydemir (2004), neither of the cases can be analyzed as head incorporation.\r\nI then turn to the cased vs. caseless distinction and argue that cased and caseless objects are not that different after all. Based on data with strictly controlled information structure, I arrive at a different generalization than most of the earlier reports and claim that caseless objects are morphosyntactically as moveable as their cased counterparts.\r\nHence, I propose to replace the notion of incorporation in the literature of Turkish syntax with the notion of weak case (de Hoop 1992) and conclude by a discussion of the domain of syntactic analysis in this primarily semantic phenomenon."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Türkisch",
"Direktes Objekt"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133076377",
"bllo:bll-133107515",
"bllo:SemanticPhenomenon",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133101010",
"bllo:bll-133126064",
"bllo:bll-133125157",
"bllo:bll-13307384X"
] | [
[
"Accusative",
"Akkusativ"
],
[
"Incorporation",
"Inkorporation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Notion",
"Begriff"
],
[
"Information structure",
"Informationsstruktur"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Türkisch"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
]
] | [
[
"AmbiguouslyDefinedConcept"
],
[
"Composition",
"bll-133074846",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"OghuzTurkic",
"bll-133088499",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Ambiguously defined concept",
"Mehrdeutig definiertes Konzept"
]
],
[
[
"Composition",
"Komposition"
],
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oghuz Turkic",
"Oghusisch"
],
[
"Turkic",
"Turksprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"AmbiguouslyDefinedConcept",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
38236 | Kleine Geschichte der "schiefen Attribute" | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Der folgende Artikel soll einen Überblick über ein Phänomen geben, das unter verschiedenen Namen einen Einzug in deutsche Grammatiken und linguistische Fachtexte gehalten hat. Man begegnet ihm als \"Attribuierungskomplikation\", \"schiefes Attribut\", \"grammatische Illusion\" und Ähnlichem. Gemeint sind Daten wie der grüne Bohneneintopf, der vierstöckige Hausbesitzer oder das direkte Objektpronomen, sowie die Absturzursache des TWA-Jumbos und die Kritikpunkte an Lakoff. Im Folgenden soll aufgezeigt werden, wie die Diskussion um (scheinbar) fehlerhafte Attribuierungen von N+N-Komposita wieder zu einem virulenten Forschungsthema wurde (§1) und wie dessen Behandlung in Grammatiken (§2), (populären) Sprachkritiken (§3) und Fachtexten (§4) aussieht. In §5 wird eine abschließende Diskussion gegeben."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Attribution",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:ResearchTopic",
"bllo:bll-133078418",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133102203"
] | [
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Attribute",
"Attribut"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
]
] | [
[
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
38237 | Ist emphatischer Akzentwechsel bei expressiven (adjektivischen) Ausdrücken ein Hauptsatzphänomen des Deutschen? | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Das im vorliegenden Artikel untersuchte Phänomen im Deutschen ist in der Literatur bisher quasi unentdeckt geblieben. Die einzige Ausnahme bildet der Beitrag von Berg (2008). Die Beobachtung ist folgende: Unter bestimmten Bedingungen, die mit Emphase zu tun haben, kann die lexikalisch festgelegte Betonung, also der Wortakzent, verschoben werden. Im Normalfall betrifft dieser Prozess nicht-native lexikalische Einheiten, denn die Akzentverschiebung passiert in der Regel von hinten nach vorn. Da deutsche Erbwörter initial-, also erstbetont, sind, ist das schwer möglich (jedoch s.u.). Fremdwörter, die auf den hinteren Silben betont sind, sind deshalb prädestiniert. Die meisten Beispiele kommen aus dem Bereich der Wortklasse Adjektiv: spektakulär, skandalös, sensationell, optimal, ideal, brutal, fulminant, perfekt, gigantisch. Im angedeuteten expressiven Gebrauch kann der Wortakzent von der letzten auf die erste Silbe wandern [...]."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Wortakzent",
"Emphatischer Akzent",
"Deutsch",
"Adjektiv"
] | [
"bllo:Adjective",
"bllo:bll-133118169",
"bllo:bll-133073068",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133087948",
"bllo:bll-133120244"
] | [
[
"Adjective",
"Adjektiv"
],
[
"Present perfect",
"Perfekt"
],
[
"Syllable",
"Silbe"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Part of speech",
"Wortklasse"
],
[
"Rule",
"Regel"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"TenseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"PhonologicalCategory",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LinguisticRule",
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tense feature",
"Tempus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological category",
"Phonologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Linguistic rule",
"Linguistische Regel"
],
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
] |
38246 | My topic is D-linked : aspects of wh-determination | eng | doc-type:doctoralThesis | [
"This work deals with so-called wh-determination. The notion of D-linking (Discourse-linking) is used to uncover and explain properties of constructions involving wh-determiners. The central claim is that there are two types of wh-determination: Token-whs and Kind-whs. These two forms of wh-determination trigger different syntactic effects. Three structural triggers for the syntactic effects exhibited by D-linked wh-phrases (DWH) are discussed. DWH are argued to be instances of Token-whs since triggers for the syntactic effects of D-linking are identical to the once for the token-reading of a wh-phrase.\r\nIn chapter 2, which-phrases are shown to be canonical DWH with a special syntax labelled DL-S(yntax). The five most prominent and frequent DL-S effects are the absence of superiority-effects with DWH, the ability of DWH to be extracted out of weak islands, the fact that DWH licence resumptive elements, the obviation of WCO effects by DWH, and the possibility for DWH to stay in-situ. The syntax of Token-whs and Kind-whs are compared. It is demonstrated that regardless of the actual form of the wh-determiner, there are only these two types of wh-determination. These data support the idea that the DL-S effects observable with DWH are triggered by structural properties of the wh-determiners heading DWH.\r\nIn chapter 3, it is demonstrated that although presuppositions projected by the Nominal Restrictor are important for triggering DL-I(nterpretation), they do not directly influence DL-S. The ambiguity of Amount-whs is also examined and the conclusion reached is that there are two #P projections: A NumP and a CardP. The dissertation proceeds with the structurally represented notions of definiteness and specificity and examines how these can help capturing the wh-determiner typology proposed. The idea that D-linking can be explained by recourse to topicality is discussed in detail. Empirical evidence is provided for the existence of wh-topics in general and for the claim that many DWH can be construed as wh-topics.\r\nIn chapter 4, the general pattern on which wh-pronouns are built are examined, and it is argued that the results bear directly on the topic of this thesis since wh-determiners are universally derived from pronouns. Wh-pronouns are diachronically built out of an element indicating the function of the proform (wh-morpheme), and an element denoting the range of the proform (Range Restrictor). Among other things, it is argued that the wh-morpheme does not mark interrogativity, leading to the adoption of a version of Q-theory. It is also briefly discussed whether the results are compatible with the hypothesis that wh-determiner phrases are Small Clauses. One claim is that all wh-pronouns are fossilized interrogative sentences, lending further support to the parallelism between sentential and nominal structures. It is then argued that Morphological Restrictors can be subdivided into Formal Features and Functional Nouns (and that elements which can become Functional Nouns are taken from the pool of Basic Ontological Categories). The question answered is how these elements synchronically contribute to the meaning of the wh-determiners. After examining the role of the Nominal Restrictor to the syntax of wh-determiners, the thesis continues investigating how Nominal Restrictor are related to Functional Nouns. Finally, the discussion expands to the structural correlates for DL-S effects. It is demonstrated how the results can formally be applied to wh-split constructions in order to explain differences between empty categories. Then, the results of the section on partitivity support the idea that the occurrences of most of the DL-S effects seem to strongly depend on the presence of a second nominal constituent in the structure of wh-phrases. This second nominal can be either a Functional Noun inside the wh-item used as wh-pronoun or an overt second noun as in wh-partitive phrases.\r\nThe contribution of this thesis to linguistic theorizing is not a full-fledged technical analysis of every single DL-S effect, but rather the systemisation proposed. Although a lot of terminology is introduced, the outcome of this proliferation of terms is a sharper picture of the intricate relations between the constituents of the wh-items used as wh-determiners and the Nominal Restrictor. Another main conclusion is that the concept of D-linking is not a basic notion. It is comprised of four components (of which DL-Syntax and Morphological-DL have been scrutinized in this thesis). This assumption explains why DWH do not constitute a homogeneous class. The gradual character of D-linking (i.e. the fact that certain wh-determiner constructions show only a subset of DL-S effects even if they are headed by what could faithfully be classified as a/the Token-wh determiner of the respective language) is argued to be related to the fact that the Token-reading itself can have several triggers."
] | ddc:410 | [] | [
"bllo:Noun",
"bllo:Constituent",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:Ambiguity",
"bllo:bll-133089118",
"bllo:bll-133123162",
"bllo:ProximityFeature",
"bllo:bll-133101037",
"bllo:bll-133101010",
"bllo:Even",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:bll-133119343"
] | [
[
"Noun",
"Nomen"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Ambiguity",
"Ambiguität"
],
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Specificity",
"Spezifität"
],
[
"Proximity feature",
"Obviation"
],
[
"Concept",
"Konzept"
],
[
"Notion",
"Begriff"
],
[
"Even",
"Even"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Proform",
"Proform"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133088472",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Tungus",
"Tungusisch"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
""
] |
38274 | Was erklärt die Diachronie für die Synchronie der deutschen Gegenwartssprache? : am Beispiel schwankender Fugenelemente | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Zu dem Strauß der Bindestrichlinguistiken gesellt sich derzeit ein weiteres, besonders interessantes und vielversprechendes Exemplar, die sog. Zweifelsfall-Linguistik. Ihre Entstehung kann man mit dem \"Linguistik online\"-Heft \"Sprachliche Zweifelsfälle. Theorie und Empirie\" [...] auf das Jahr 2003 datieren. [...]\r\nAus historisch-linguistischer Perspektive handelt es sich sehr häufig um Fälle sich gegenwärtig vollziehenden Sprachwandels, d.h. was heute an seismischen Bewegungen registriert wird, hat seinen Herd, um in diesem Bild zu bleiben, oft im Frühneuhochdeutschen oder noch früher. [...] Gerade für die zukünftigen LehrerInnen ist es wichtig, von der richtig/falsch-Zentriertheit von Zweifelsfällen wegzukommen und stattdessen der Ratio dieses Phänomens näherzukommen (um dann bessere Anleitungen geben zu können). In Veranstaltungen zu Zweifelsfällen erlangt man übrigens eine beträchtliche diachrone Tiefe, d.h. die Bereitschaft, sich in das Problem, seine Genese und seine Hintergründe einzuarbeiten, ist erfreulich hoch. Interessant (und noch nicht erforscht) ist dabei die unterschiedliche Salienz grammatischer Zweifelsfälle: Während die Fugensetzung sofort als Zweifelsfall erkannt und bestätigt wird, ist es bei der schwankenden Flexion zweier koordinierter Adjektive im Dativ ohne Determinans (\"unter großem finanziellem?/finanziellen? Aufwand\") anders. Auch wenn die Korpora die Schwankung zwischen Parallel- und Wechselflexion zweifelsfrei als Zweifelsfall ausweisen (ca. zwei Drittel Wechselflexion, ca. ein Drittel Parallelflexion), so erreicht diese Flexionsunsicherheit keinen hohen Bewusstheitsgrad. Die höchste Salienz erreichen übrigens orthographische Zweifelsfälle [...], danach Wortbildungsprobleme wie die (Un-)Trennbarkeit von Präfixen vom Typ \"gedownloadet/downgeloadet\"."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Historische Morphologie",
"Diachronie",
"Synchronie",
"Sprachnorm",
"Wortbildung",
"Fugenelement",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-133087964",
"bllo:bll-133073386",
"bllo:Image",
"bllo:bll-133072835"
] | [
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Dative",
"Dativ"
],
[
"Inflection",
"Flexion"
],
[
"Image",
"Bild"
],
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MediumTypeFeature",
"LanguageResourceFeature",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
""
] |
38275 | Merkmal(s?)analyse, Seminar(s?)arbeit und Essen(s?)ausgabe : Zweifelsfälle der Verfugung als Indikatoren für Sprachwandel | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Contemporary German abounds in doubtful cases where linking elements alternate with zero elements, such as Seminar(+s?+)arbeit 'term paper', Respekt(+s?+)person 'person who commands respect'. This variation indicates a profound language change in the course of which the linking +s+ has spread continuously since Early New High German and is replacing the zero element more and more often. Today, +s+ is the most productive, progressive and most frequently occurring linking element. In this paper, we provide an explanation for the doubtful cases. Most often, the linking +s+ depends directly on the phonological quality of the first part of the compound: the worse its phonological structure, the more likely the occurrence of the linking +s+. It occurs most regularly after first parts of compounds containing a suffix or an unstressed prefix (Verkáuf+s+gespräch 'sales conversation'), while words with an ideal phonological structure (monosyllabic or trochaic words) rarely attract the linking +s+. The variation concentrates on compounds whose first parts feature a stressed prefix (Éinkauf(+s?+)führer 'shopping guide'). There is, however, a further factor which leads to fluctuation in the occurrence of the linking +s+. In cases where the second part of synthetic compounds such as Auftrag(+s?+)geber 'client' contain a high degree of verbality, the linking +s+ blurs the syntactic relation between the immediate constituents, strengthening the morphological character of the compound."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Sprachstatistik",
"Historische Morphologie",
"Intonation <Linguistik>",
"Komposition <Wortbildung>",
"Fugenelement",
"Morphonologie",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-133098931",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133073521",
"bllo:HighGerman",
"bllo:Compound",
"bllo:bll-13307353X",
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:PersonFeature"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Linking element",
"Fugenelement"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Prefix",
"Präfix"
],
[
"High German",
"Hochdeutsch"
],
[
"Compound",
"Kompositum"
],
[
"Suffix",
"Suffix"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Person feature",
"Person"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133093530",
"PhonologicalProcess",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073513",
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133070158",
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073513",
"bll-133073378",
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Epenthesis",
"Epenthese"
],
[
"Phonological process",
"Phonologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Affix",
"Affix"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Affix",
"Affix"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38276 | Von der "Jungfrau" zur "Magd", vom "Mädchen" zur "Prostituierten" : die Pejorisierung der Frauenbezeichnungen als Zerrspiegel der Kultur und als Effekt männlicher Galanterie? | deu | doc-type:article | [
"In diesem Beitrag soll der semantische Wandel einiger Frauenbezeichnungen analysiert, v.a. zunächst differenziert und anschließend erklärt werden. In fast jeder sprachgeschichtlichen Einführung dient der semantische Wandel der Frauenbezeichnungen als das Paradebeispiel für den semantischen Pfad der Abwertung, der Pejorisierung. Nach Begründungen wird jedoch erstaunlich selten gefragt. Indessen hat es sich seit den 1990er Jahren schnell durchgesetzt, hierfür die eingängige, auf den ersten Blick etwas paradox erscheinende Erklärung von Rudi Keller anzuführen, wonach die semantische Abwertung der Frau in Wirklichkeit auf ihre zu häufi ge Aufwertung, ihre Verehrung und Erhöhung zurückzuführen sei und damit ein sog. \"Invisible-hand-Phänomen\" bilde.\r\nÜberraschenderweise hat eine Auseinandersetzung mit dieser unhinterfragt, ja fast dankbar angenommenen Erklärung kaum stattgefunden. Immerhin präsupponiert diese einiges, etwa dass Frauen sich Männern gegenüber nicht höflich verhielten, bei der Wortwahl also nicht \"eine Etage höher\" griffen, des Weiteren, dass sich nur das männliche Sprechen über Frauen durchgesetzt haben muss: Haben Frauen nicht gesprochen? Oder hat sich ihr Sprachgebrauch nicht durchgesetzt? Wenn ja, warum?\r\nDieser Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit der Kellerschen Erklärung auseinander und argumentiert dafür, dass es sich bei diesem semantischen Wandel um einen Spiegel und nicht, wie Keller (1995) behauptet, um einen \"Zerrspiegel des Kulturwandels\" handelt."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lexikostatistik",
"Anrede",
"Sexismus",
"Bedeutungswandel",
"Wortfeld",
"Frau",
"Register <Linguistik>",
"Pejorativ",
"Althochdeutsch",
"Mittelhochdeutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133101762",
"bllo:bll-202330354"
] | [
[
"Woman",
"Frau"
],
[
"Verbal behaviour",
"Sprechen"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
38277 | Unter großem persönlichem oder persönlichen Einsatz? : Der sprachliche Zweifelsfall adjektivischer Parallel- vs. Wechselflexion als Beispiel für aktuellen grammatischen Wandel | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Allein in der Morphologie (Flexion und Wortbildung) gibt es derzeit etwa ein Dutzend \"Baustellen\", die systematisch Zweifelsfälle generieren. Sie bilden für den universitären Unterricht – und zwar für den grammatisch-deskriptiven wie auch für den sprachhistorischen – ein ungemein ertragreiches und auch beliebtes Thema. wie die eigene Erfahrung mit mehreren entsprechenden Veranstaltungen lehrt: Die Studierenden – meist künftige Lehrerinnen – lernen, dass sprachliche Regeln variabel sein können, doch keineswegs beliebig. Diese Einsicht reicht jedoch nicht: Man kann gerade anhand von Zweifelstallen zeigen. dass Regeln nicht per se existieren (oder womöglich von der Linguistik oder der Grammatikografie am Schreibtisch erstellt werden), sondern dass sie entstehen und vergehen können, also veränderlich sind, auch. dass sie Funktionen haben, die uns – den Sprachbenutzern – zugute kommen. Zieht man sprachhistorisches Wissen hinzu. so wird in den meisten Fällen deutlich, dass Zweifel stalle Sprachwandel im Verlauf darstellen und dass sie der Optimierung von etwas dienen, also vermehrte Funktionalität herstellen. Damit kann man auch der öffentlichen Gleichsetzung von Sprachwandel mit Sprachverfall entgegenwirken. Das Bewusstsein dafür, dass sich Sprache auch heute wandelt, überrascht viele: Man begreift Sprache viel zu oft als statisch. Zweifelfälle lassen sich auch leicht in schriftlichen Korpora wie dem DWDS oder Cosmas vom IDS und per Google finden. In den Grammatiken werden sie sehr heterogen. oft widersprüchlich behandelt. Mit solchen Recherchen lässt sich eine Unterrichtseinheit gut beginnen. Auch zu Ende der Sekundarstufe lassen sich Zweifelsfälle in den Grammatikunterricht integrieren, wenngleich sprachhistorisches Wissen nicht vorausgesetzt werden kann. Es gilt jedoch ein Verständnis für die Veränderlichkeit von Sprache zu wecken, und zwar nicht bezüglich der viel stärker beachteten Lexik, sondern der Grammatik. Schüler wie Studierende entwickeln schnell Interesse an Zweifel stallen, wenn man sie statt zur Frage nach Richtig versus Falsch zur Frage nach dem Woher und Wohin und vor allem nach dem Warum leitet, also dazu, echtes Verständnis für Grammatik zu entwickeln. Dichotomisches, normatives Denken wird überführt in skalares, jenseits von starren Normen befindliches. In einem letzten Schritt wird der Schluss zu ziehen sein, dass echte Zweifelsfälle keine Fehler sind: Beide Varianten sind akzeptabel.\r\nIm Folgenden soll der […] Zweifelsfall adjektivischer Parallel- vs. Wechselflexion von diesen Seiten beleuchtet werden. Dabei wird deutlich, dass er nicht nur für Schule und Universität. sondern auch für die Grammatikografie Anregungen und Fragen aufwirft: Statt fester Regeln ergeben sich nur mehr oder weniger deutliche Tendenzen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Sprachnorm",
"Wortbildung",
"Sprachunterricht",
"Komposition <Wortbildung>",
"Historische Morphologie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073386",
"bllo:bll-133073351",
"bllo:bll-133072878",
"bllo:Stative",
"bllo:bll-133101002",
"bllo:bll-133079031",
"bllo:Grammar",
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-197692737",
"bllo:bll-133074846"
] | [
[
"Inflection",
"Flexion"
],
[
"Morphology",
"Morphologie"
],
[
"Allophone",
"Varianten"
],
[
"Stative",
"Statisch"
],
[
"Hereafter",
"Jenseits"
],
[
"Thinking",
"Denken"
],
[
"Grammar",
"Grammatik"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
],
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
]
] | [
[
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"StativityFeature",
"SemanticFeature",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LanguageDescription",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Stativity feature",
"Stativity feature"
],
[
"Semantic feature",
"Semantisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"",
"SemanticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
] |
38352 | Auf dem Weg zu Nicht-Flektierbaren : die Deflexion der deutschen Eigennamen diachron und synchron | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Im heutigen Deutsch sorgt die Flexion von Eigennamen im Genitiv für einen echten Zweifelsfall, mehr noch bei geographischen Namen als bei Personennamen, vgl. des Orinoko(s), des Iran(s), des vereinigten Deutschland(s), ebenso im Plural: die beiden Deutschland(s). Personennamen werden, wenn ihnen ein Artikel (mit oder ohne Adjektiv) vorangeht, in aller Regel schon nicht mehr flektiert, vgl. die 1. Auflage (1774) von \"Die Leiden des jungen Werthers\" mit Genitivendung mit der 2. Auflage (1787), wo diese Endung schon fehlt. Heute dominiert die Nichtflexion: der Geburtstag des kleinen Julian, des Helmut Kohl. Aus diachroner Sicht stellt dieses Stadium nur einen weiteren Schritt in Richtung onymische Deflexion dar. Dieser Deflexion und ihren Gründen soll in diesem Beitrag nachgegangen werden. Flektierten Eigennamen im Althochdeutschen noch ausgiebig (in mehreren Flexionsklassen), so haben sie im Laufe der Zeit ihre Flexion in zweierlei Hinsicht stark eingeschränkt: a) paradigmatisch durch den Abbau an Allomorphie und die Durchsetzung sog. überstabiler Marker, die oft erstes Indiz für den Beginn von Deflexion sind; b) syntagmatisch durch den sukzessiven Abbau von Flexiven am Wortkörper. Neben Kasus und Numerus haben sich auch bei Genus tiefgreifende Veränderungen vollzogen: Genus wird zunehmend pragmatisch \"von außen\" fixiert, d.h. immer mehr von Eigenschaften des Referenzobjekts gesteuert."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Historische Morphologie",
"Name",
"Indeklinabile",
"Deutsch",
"Mittelhochdeutsch",
"Althochdeutsch"
] | [
"bllo:Adjective",
"bllo:GenderFeature",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133073386",
"bllo:CaseFeature",
"bllo:NumberFeature",
"bllo:bll-133100448",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:Allomorphy",
"bllo:bll-133078108",
"bllo:bll-133120244",
"bllo:Plural"
] | [
[
"Adjective",
"Adjektiv"
],
[
"Gender feature",
"Genus"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Inflection",
"Flexion"
],
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Number feature",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Genitive",
"Genitiv"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Allomorphy",
"Allomorphie"
],
[
"Article",
"Artikel"
],
[
"Rule",
"Regel"
],
[
"Plural",
"Plural"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphologicalRelation",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133089118",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"LinguisticRule",
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"NumberFeature",
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological relation",
"Morphologische Relation"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Linguistic rule",
"Linguistische Regel"
],
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Number feature",
"Numerus"
],
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38353 | Von Elisabeth zu Lilly, von Klaus zu Nico : zur Androgynisierung und Infantilisierung der Rufnamen von 1945 bis 2008 | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Das Hauptziel dieses Beitrags besteht darin, anhand einer tiefergehenden prosodisch-phonologischen Analyse der häufigsten Rufnamen von 1945-2008 der Frage nachzugehen, ob im Laufe der Zeit eine Androgynisierung unserer Rufnamen dahingehend stattgefunden hat, dass Strukturen, die bislang dominant für das eine Geschlecht galten, zunehmend auch für das andere Geschlecht gewählt werden bzw. geschlechtspräferente Strukturen nivelliert oder gar abgebaut werden. Ein weiteres Ziel besteht darin, auf onymischer Ebene der These nachzugehen, dass in verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen eine sog. Informalisierung und Intimisierung stattgefunden habe, die sich möglicherweise in heutigen Namen wie Lilly oder Nico statt früher Elisabeth und Nikolaus niederschlagen."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Personenname",
"Geschlecht",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133087697"
] | [
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
38354 | Vom gegenseitigen Nutzen von Historischer Sprachwissenschaft und Sprachtypologie : am Beispiel der Phonologie, der Morphologie und der Pragmatik | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Ich möchte […] drei Beispiele für den produktiven Dialog zwischen Historischer Sprachwissenschaft und Sprachtypologie liefern: 1. Den phonologisch-typologischen Wandel des Deutschen von einer Silben- zu einer Wortsprache, 2. die frühnhd. 'Justierung' der Abfolge grammatischer Kategorien am Verb gemäß der universellen Relevanzskala, und 3. die Entwicklung unseres Höflichkeitssystems am Beispiel der Anredepronomen. Weder liefere ich Neues noch kann ich ins Detail gehen. Es geht hier nur darum, für die gegenseitige Wahrnehmung und Zusammenarbeit linguistischer Disziplinen zu werben."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Historische Sprachwissenschaft",
"Sprachtypologie",
"Morphologie",
"Phonologie",
"Pragmatik",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133083055",
"bllo:bll-133071324",
"bllo:bll-133127125",
"bllo:bll-31572529X"
] | [
[
"Dialog",
"Dialog"
],
[
"Language typology",
"Sprachtypologie"
],
[
"Verb",
"Verb"
],
[
"Perception",
"Wahrnehmung"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
38355 | Zwischen Konservierung, Eliminierung und Funktionalisierung : der Umlaut in den germanischen Sprachen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Alle germanischen Sprachen haben in den nachchristlichen Jahrhunderten eine phonologische Umlautphase durchlaufen, allerdings mit je unterschiedlichen Resultaten. Dieser Umgang mit den Umlautprodukten wurde bisher nie vergleichend in den Blick genommen; vielmehr bekommt man in jeder Einzelphilologie den Eindruck, als habe die Umlautentwicklung nur so und nicht anders verlaufen können. Erst die historisch-kontrastive Perspektive erweist, dass sich drei Pfade systematisieren lassen: Der Umlaut wird konserviert (Isländisch), er wird eliminiert (Englisch, Niederländisch) – Schwedisch nimmt hier eine Zwischenposition ein –, oder er wird funktionalisiert (grammatikalisiert) und damit morphologisch ausgedehnt (Deutsch, Luxemburgisch).\r\nIm Folgenden werden diese drei Wege nicht nur beschrieben, sondern auch begründet. Der konsequente Sprachwandelvergleich ermöglicht dabei das Verständnis von Zusammenhängen und erlaubt es, aus den Einzelphilologien abgeleitete Annahmen zu revidieren."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Lautwandel",
"Kontrastive Phonologie",
"Umlaut",
"Deutsch",
"Englisch",
"Niederländisch",
"Isländisch",
"ddc:439"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133116948",
"bllo:bll-133121836",
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"bllo:bll-13310883X",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:bll-133102203",
"bllo:bll-187411689",
"bllo:bll-133070409"
] | [
[
"Dutch",
"Niederländisch"
],
[
"Swedish",
"Schwedisch"
],
[
"Vowel affection",
"Umlaut"
],
[
"Icelandic",
"Isländisch"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Man",
"Mann"
],
[
"Luxembourgeois",
"Luxemburgisch"
],
[
"English",
"Englisch"
]
] | [
[
"WestGermanic",
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],
[
"NorthGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
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],
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"bll-133072991",
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],
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"NorthGermanic",
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],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
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],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
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"bll-133070662",
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],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"North Germanic",
"Nordgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Vowel alternation",
"Vokalwechsel"
],
[
"Phoneme alternation",
"Phonemwechsel"
],
[
"Phonological process",
"Phonologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"North Germanic",
"Nordgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Other varieties of French",
"Sonstige Formen des Französischen"
],
[
"French",
"Französisch"
],
[
"Romance",
"Romanisch"
],
[
"Italic languages",
"Italische Sprachen"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
38356 | Sprachverfall? : Sprachliche Evolution am Beispiel des diachronen Funktionszuwachses des Apostrophs im Deutschen | deu | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In der emotional geführten Sprachverfallsdebatte wird besonders die Apostrophsetzung vor dem Genitiv- und dem Plural-s, vulgo Deppen-Apostroph, kritisiert und als vermeintliche Entlehnung aus dem Englischen stigmatisiert. Erst seit kurzem liegen mit Scherer (2010, 2013) korpusbasierte Untersuchungen vor, die eine angemessene Interpretation dieses graphematischen Wandels erlauben, der weitaus älter ist als gemeinhin vermutet. Generell erweist sich, dass viele als neu und bedrohlich empfundene Sprachveränderungen bereits vor über hundert Jahren meist ebenso emotional gegeißelt wurden. Der Beitrag befasst sich hauptsächlich mit der diachronen Entwicklung des phonographischen Apostrophs zu einem morphographischen, dessen Funktion nun nicht mehr darin besteht, nicht-artikulierte Laute zu markieren, sondern morphologische Grenzen (Uschi's, Joseph K.'s, CD's ). Deutlich wird, dass der Apostroph der Gestaltschonung komplexer Basen dient, deren Gros aus Eigennamen besteht. Anschließend wird in einem kürzeren Teil nach der Entstehung und Beschaffenheit dieser s-Flexive selbst gefragt. Diese sind ihrerseits Ergebnis flexionsmorphologischer Umstrukturierungen und garantieren maximale Konstanthaltung des Wortkörpers. Abschließend wird noch die neueste Entwicklung gestreift, die in der Deflexion ebendieser s-Flexive besteht und die sich wieder am deutlichsten bei den Eigennamen manifestiert. Diese haben als Quelle all dieser Entwicklungen zu gelten (vgl. des Irak, des Helmut Kohl, auch des Perfekt, des LKW, des Gegenüber ). Insgesamt ist festzustellen: Nicht nur die Apostrophsetzung vor s-Flexiven, sondern auch die s-Flexive selbst sowie ihr derzeitiger Abbau dienen ein und derselben Funktion: Der Schonung durch Konstanthaltung markierter Wortkörper, worunter mehrheitlich Eigennamen fallen, daneben auch Fremdwörter, Kurzwörter und Konversionen. Damit sind es die Eigennamen, die Ausgangspunkt und Ursache tiefgreifenden flexionsmorphologischen und graphematischen Wandels bilden."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Sprachverfall",
"Apostroph",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133077705",
"bllo:bll-366640542",
"bllo:bll-133118169"
] | [
[
"Apostrophe",
"Apostroph"
],
[
"Nun",
"Nun"
],
[
"Present perfect",
"Perfekt"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073319",
"GraphemicPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-206064306",
"SouthernBantoid",
"bll-264764609",
"Benue-Congo",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"TenseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Punctuation",
"Zeichensetzung"
],
[
"Graphemic phenomenon",
"Graphemisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Grassfields languages",
"Grassfields-Sprachen"
],
[
"Southern Bantoid",
"Süd-Bantoid"
],
[
"Bantoid languages",
"Bantoid-Sprachen"
],
[
"Benue-Congo languages",
"Benue-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Tense feature",
"Tempus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"GraphemicPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38357 | Akademiepreis des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz 2013 : die Kaiser Wilhelm – der Peterle – das Merkel : Genus als Endstadium einer Grammatikalisierung – und als Quelle von Re- und Degrammatikalisierungen : Vortrag anlässlich der Verleihung am 27. November 2013 | deu | doc-type:article | [
"Im Folgenden soll kurz geklärt werden, was Genus ist (Kap. 2) und – auch wenn diese Frage nicht mit unserem derzeitigen Wissen beantwortbar ist – woher Genus kommen könnte (Kap. 3). Hauptsächlich stellt sich jedoch die Frage: Was tun mit Genus, das heute das Endstadium einer langen Grammatikalisierung darstellt (Kap. 4)? Hier wird die wichtigste Antwort lauten: Genus hat eine neue, eine syntaktische Nutzung erfahren, indem es maßgeblich daran beteiligt ist, unsere berühmten Nominalklammern zu bauen (4.1). Außerdem gibt es weitere \"Recyclingmöglichkeiten\" von Genus, nämlich: a) Objekte, die Namen tragen, zu klassifizieren (die Kaiser Wilhelm), b) Beziehungen zwischen namentragenden und namenverwendenden Personen zu qualifizieren (der Peterle, das Anna) oder sogar c) Personen zu degradieren (das Merkel). Mit Punkt a) begebe ich mich in die Onomastik, mit Punkt b) in die Dialektologie, und mit Punkt c) werde ich mit der Genderlinguistik enden."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Artikel",
"Genus",
"Personenname",
"Deutsch"
] | [
"bllo:GenderFeature",
"bllo:bll-13307370X",
"bllo:bll-133071294",
"bllo:bll-133119661",
"bllo:bll-197692737"
] | [
[
"Gender feature",
"Genus"
],
[
"Onomastics",
"Onomastik"
],
[
"Dialectology",
"Dialektologie"
],
[
"Full stop",
"Punkt"
],
[
"Knowledge",
"Wissen"
]
] | [
[
"AgreementFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"bll-133073319",
"GraphemicPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Agreement feature",
"Kongruenz"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Punctuation",
"Zeichensetzung"
],
[
"Graphemic phenomenon",
"Graphemisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"GraphemicPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
38360 | 第二语言系的对第一语言的影响 ; Di er yu yan xi de dui di yi yu yan de ying xiang = The influence of second language learning on one's first language | mis | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"This paper discusses the nature of habits in the use of languages. It is well-known that the habits of one's first language can influence the acquisition of a second language. This paper discusses the less well-known phenomenon of how an acquired second language can influence one's first language, and explains this influence by reference to the nature of communicative behavior."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Fremdsprachenlernen",
"Gewohnheit",
"Kommunikationsverhalten"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133120139"
] | [
[
"Reference",
"Referenz"
]
] | [
[
"SemanticRelation",
"SemanticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Semantic relation",
"Semantische Relation"
],
[
"Semantic phenomenon",
"Semantisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SemanticPhenomenon"
] |
38361 | Historical linguistics and typology | mis | doc-type:article | [
"This brief paper discusses the nature of linguistic typology and its relationship to historical linguistics. It argues that typology includes a historical component, and historical linguistics includes a typological component, as grammaticalization studies can be said to be diachronic typology and some concepts such as markedness can be used in understanding the development of morphological systems, but the main foci differ in terms of synchronic vs. diachronic considerations. Typology can be of some help with understanding the direction of change in language, but it cannot be used as a standard for what is possible/impossible when we are doing reconstructions, and typological features cannot be used for establishing genetic relatedness."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Historische Sprachwissenschaft",
"Sprachtypologie",
"Funktionalismus <Linguistik>",
"Rekonstruktionsmethode"
] | [
"bllo:Markedness",
"bllo:bll-133072851",
"bllo:HistoricalLinguistics"
] | [
[
"Markedness",
"Markiertheit"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
],
[
"Historical Linguistics",
"Historische Linguistik"
]
] | [
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"AcademicDiscipline"
]
] | [
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Academic discipline",
"Fachgebiet"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon",
"AcademicDiscipline"
] |
38364 | A linguistic typology : functional linguistics view of linguistic fieldwork | mis | doc-type:article | [
"This paper is an overview of the motivations and methodology for doing empirical in situ fieldwork on languages. It suggests specific methods for carrying out fieldwork in a maximally empirical way."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Feldlinguistik",
"Sprachtypologie",
"Funktionalismus <Linguistik>",
"Empirische Linguistik"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
38366 | The lexical categories of the Tagalog language of the Philippines | mis | doc-type:article | [
"This paper discusses word classes in Tagalog, the dominant language of the Philippines, using analyses developed by Himmelmann (2007) and LaPolla (2008). The goal is to clarify issues related to the identification of word classes in Tagalog, and show the distinct features of these word classes. Through the discussion of word classes in Tagalog, the authors also hope to shed some light on the issue of word classes in Chinese."
] | ddc:490 | [
"Tagalog",
"Wortart",
"Chinesisch",
"Sprachtypologie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133073629",
"bllo:bll-133080692",
"bllo:Word",
"bllo:bll-133085325",
"bllo:bll-13312519X",
"bllo:bll-133072851"
] | [
[
"Word classes",
"Wortarten"
],
[
"Light",
"Licht"
],
[
"Word",
"Wort"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinesisch"
],
[
"Tagalog",
"Tagalog"
],
[
"Features",
"Merkmale"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalCategory",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133122719",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"GreaterCentralPhilippine",
"Malayo-Polynesian",
"bll-133078795",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical category",
"Lexikalische Kategorie"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Sino-Tibetan languages",
"Sinotibetische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Greater Central Philippine",
"Meso-Philippinisch"
],
[
"Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malayo-Polynesisch"
],
[
"Austronesian languages",
"Austronesische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Phonological phenomenon",
"Phonologisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"PhonologicalPhenomenon"
] |
38431 | Plurals, derived predicates, and reciprocals | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper addresses the syntax and semantics plurals, and then applies it to reciprocal expressions. In the course of this investigation, I address two problems for the conventional view that a reciprocal makes essentially the same semantic contribution to the sentence as other noun phrases, but has an interesting internal structure. I will show that both problems are properties of plurality in general, and can be successfully explained along these lines. As a result, the paper is more about plurality in general than reciprocals though the goal of the paper is to account for the two problems relating to reciprocals."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Generative Transformationsgrammatik",
"Quantor",
"Plural",
"Semantik",
"Syntax",
"Distribution <Linguistik>",
"Reziprozität <Linguistik>",
"Pronomen",
"Englisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:Noun",
"bllo:Sentence",
"bllo:bll-133118738",
"bllo:bll-13307384X"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Noun",
"Nomen"
],
[
"Sentence",
"Satz"
],
[
"Plurality",
"Pluralität"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
] |
38573 | Embedded implicatures and experimental constraints : a reply to Geurts & Pouscoulous and Chemla | eng | doc-type:article | [
"Experimental evidence on embedded implicatures by Chemla (2009b) and Geurts & Pouscoulous (2009a) has fewer theoretical consequences than assumed: On the one hand, the evidence successfully argues against obligatory local implicature computation, which has however already been discredited. On the other hand, the data are fully consistent with optional local implicature computation."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Implikatur",
"Sprechakt",
"Pragmatik",
"Sprachverstehen"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
38575 | Vagueness in language : the case against fuzzy logic | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In this paper, I revisit the arguments against the use of fuzzy logic in linguistics (or more generally, against a truth-functional account of vagueness). In part, this is an exercise to explain to fuzzy logicians why linguists have shown little interest in their research paradigm. But, the paper contains more than this interdisciplinary service effort that I started out on: In fact, this seems an opportune time for revisiting the arguments against fuzzy logic in linguistics since three recent developments affect the argument. First, the formal apparatus of fuzzy logic has been made more general since the 1970s, specifically by Hajek [6], and this may make it possible to define operators in a way to make fuzzy logic more suitable for linguistic purposes. Secondly, recent research in philosophy has examined variations of fuzzy logic ([18, 19]). Since the goals of linguistic semantics seem sometimes closer to those of some branches of philosophy of language than they are to the goals of mathematical logic, fuzzy logic work in philosophy may mark the right time to reexamine fuzzy logic from a linguistic perspective as well. Finally, the reasoning used to exclude fuzzy logic in linguistics has been tied to the intuition that p and not p is a contradiction. However, this intuition seems dubious especially when p contains a vague predicate. For instance, one can easily think of circumstances where 'What I did was smart and not smart.' or 'Bea is both tall and not tall.' don’t sound like senseless contradictions. In fact, some recent experimental work that I describe below has shown that contradictions of classical logic aren’t always felt to be contradictory by speakers. So, it is important to see to what extent the argument against fuzzy logic depends on a specific stance on the semantics of contradictions. In sum then, there are three good reasons to take another look at fuzzy logic for linguistic purposes."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Vagheit",
"Fuzzy-Logik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-13307109X",
"bllo:bll-13311905X",
"bllo:bll-133092887",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133077136"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Philosophy of language",
"Sprachphilosophie"
],
[
"Predicate",
"Prädikat"
],
[
"Affect",
"Affekt"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
] |
38576 | Where does the strongest meaning hypothesis apply? | eng | doc-type:article | [
"The Strongest Meaning Hypothesis (SMH henceforth), a pragmatic principle motivated in Dalrymple et al.'s (1998) study of reciprocals, has recently been applied to problems in implicatures (Chierchia et al. to appear) and Vagueness (Cobreros et al. 2011). In this snippet, I argue that the SMH can apply to embedded sentences, which is perhaps unusual for a pragmatic principle."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Vagheit",
"Pragmatik",
"Implikatur"
] | [] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
38577 | Presuppositions and the alternative tier | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"In at least three environments—de se binding, distributive binding, and focus quantification—some presuppositions exhibit unexpectedly weak projection behavior. This holds for the presuppositions of bound pronouns, but also several other cases of presupposition. In this paper, I first describe a general approach to capture the interaction of presuppositions with quantificational operators within a multi-tiered evaluation procedure. Secondly I discuss data from Condition A, in particular non-bound occurrences of reflexives, that motivate a presuppositional account of Condition A and confirm the general approach."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Präsupposition",
"Pronomen",
"Thema-Rhema-Gliederung",
"Distribution <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:Focus"
] | [
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
]
] | [
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
]
] | [
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
] |
38578 | Counterparts block some 'de' 're' readings | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Irene Heim in unpublished work proposed a new syntax-semantics interface for propositional attitude reports based on an ontology without transworld individuals, but counterpart functions instead. We show that the approach can capture the 'de re'/'de dicto' distinction, but makes different predictions from accounts with transworld individuals. Specifically, the account uses a non-invertible counterpart functions: a single individual in an alternative world can be the counterpart of many individuals of the real world. The directionality of counterpart functions predicts that a 'de dicto' interpreted DP cannot be an argument of a 'de re' interpreted predicate. We show that the predicted restriction is corroborated by existing work on restrictions on 'de re' interpretation. The derivation of constraints on 'de re' interpretation argues empirically for the counterpart ontology and Heim’s implementation thereof."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Semantik",
"Syntax"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133077136",
"bllo:bll-13311905X",
"bllo:bll-133073505",
"bllo:Ontology"
] | [
[
"Work",
"Arbeit"
],
[
"Predicate",
"Prädikat"
],
[
"Derivation",
"Derivation"
],
[
"Ontology",
"Ontologie"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133074846",
"MorphologicalProcess",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"LexicalOrConceptualResource",
"LanguageResourceType",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Word formation",
"Wortbildung"
],
[
"Morphological process",
"Morphologischer Prozess"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
""
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageResourceInformation"
] |
38579 | Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence (and ordinary ones require ordinary evidence) : on experimental linguistics for less well studied languages | eng | doc-type:article | [
"The late physicist Carl Sagan, whom I quote in the first part of my title, skillfully phrased the common sense view on evidence in the mature sciences. In linguistics, however, evidence has become a controversial issue, especially so when it comes to the investigation of less well studied languages. In this paper, I argue that Sagan's principle should be applied to linguistics. The growing accessibility of a wide array of experimental techniques and computational tools to analyze such data makes it feasible to back up extraordinary claims with evidence from a variety of sources. At the same time, it is in many cases possible to agree on what constitutes an ordinary claim and focus the extra effort on extraordinary claims. For non-controversial claims no more than the minimum effort to establish the claim and properly document the evidence is necessary.",
"O falecido físico Carl Sagan, citado na primeira parte do título deste artigo, formulou com habilidade a visão do senso comum sobre a natureza da evidência nas ciências maduras. Em linguística, no entanto, a evidência tornou-se um assunto controverso, especialmente quando se trata da investigação das línguas menos bem estudadas. Neste artigo, defend que o princípio de Sagan deve ser aplicado à linguística. A acessibilidade crescente a uma grande variedade de técnicas experimentais e ferramentas computacionais para analisar dados linguísticos torna viável apoiar propostas extraordinárias a partir de evidências de uma grande variedade de fontes. Ao mesmo tempo, é, em muitos casos, possível chegar a um acordo sobre o que constitui uma proposta científica comum, não extraordinária, deixando para concentrar qualquer esforço extraordinário apenas para apoiar propostas igualmente extraordinárias. Para propostas não controversas não é necessário mais do que um mínimo de esforço para se estabelecer e documentar as evidências."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Evidenz",
"Feldlinguistik",
"Syntax",
"Semantik",
"Methodologie"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098915",
"bllo:bll-133087697",
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:Focus"
] | [
[
"Tools",
"Werkzeuge"
],
[
"Time",
"Zeit"
],
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
] |
38580 | Surface non-conservativity in german | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Proportional determiner quantifiers in German allow interpretations that violate the conservativity universal of Keenan and Stavi (1986). I argue for an analysis that distinguishes between surface syntax and the logical form of sentences. I show that in surface syntax, German non-conservative quantifiers are determiners that form a constituent with a noun phrase and share case and agreement properties with the noun phrase. But I propose that at logical form the non-conservative determiners undergo an adverbialization movement and are interpreted by a mechanism that generalizes focus-a ected quantification of Herburger (2000). This result refines the understanding of conservativity as a constraint on interpretation."
] | ddc:430 | [
"Thema-Rhema-Gliederung",
"Partitiv",
"Quantifizierung <Linguistik>"
] | [
"bllo:Noun",
"bllo:Constituent",
"bllo:Phrase",
"bllo:bll-195090896",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133089118",
"bllo:bll-133070158",
"bllo:Universal",
"bllo:Constraint",
"bllo:bll-133116018",
"bllo:bll-13307384X",
"bllo:NounPhrase"
] | [
[
"Noun",
"Nomen"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Shape",
"Form"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
],
[
"Universal",
"Universalie"
],
[
"Constraint",
"Constraint"
],
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"Syntax",
"Syntax"
],
[
"Noun phrase",
"Nominalphrase"
]
] | [
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38581 | Move and accommodate : a solution to Haddock's puzzle | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"The claim of this paper is that embedded definites can, despite the appearances, be accounted for on the uniqueness approach. Far from being a surprise, we argue that the behavior of embedded definites is actually expected once two independent facts are taken into account: the ability of noun phrases to take scope, i.e., to be interpreted in a different place from their syntactic position, and the interaction of presuppositions and scope-taking elements. Specifically, we analyze embedded definites as a case of inverse linking (Gabbay and Moravscik, 1974; May, 1977): the embedded definite takes scope over the embedding one. The presupposition of the embedded definite is weakened as a result of the independently motivated process of intermediate accommodation (Kratzer, 1989; Berman, 1991). In our case, this process transfers the presupposition of the embedding definite into the restrictor of the embedded one.\r\nLike other scope-taking processes, inverse linking is generally taken to be subject to locality constraints: if a syntactic island, such as a finite clause boundary, intervenes in the path of a scope-taking element, then the resulting reading is unavailable or degraded (Rodman, 1976). Since our account views embedded definites as cases of inverse linking, we predict that inserting an island into an embedded definite, all else being equal, should lead to a similar degradation. We report results from an online survey with 800 participants that confirm this prediction."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Eindeutigkeit",
"Definitheit"
] | [
"bllo:FiniteClause",
"bllo:Noun",
"bllo:bll-13310060X",
"bllo:bll-133092771",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133121895",
"bllo:bll-133124703",
"bllo:Clause"
] | [
[
"Finite clause",
"Finiter Teilsatz"
],
[
"Noun",
"Nomen"
],
[
"Locality",
"Lokalität"
],
[
"Embedding",
"Embedding"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Scope",
"Scopus"
],
[
"Subject",
"Subjekt"
],
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
]
] | [
[
"Clause",
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticProcess",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept"
],
[
"SyntacticRole",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Clause",
"Teilsatz"
],
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic process",
"Syntaktischer Prozess"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Unclassified linguistic concept",
"Nichtklassifiziertes linguistisches Konzept"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic role",
"Syntaktische Rolle"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"UnclassifiedLinguisticConcept",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38582 | Decomposing coordination | eng | doc-type:bookPart | [
"Natural languages display a surprising diversity of expression of elementary logical operations. The study of this variation is emerging as an important topic of cross-linguistic semantics. In this paper, we address the expression of coordination from this perspective, especially coordination of individual denoting expressions such as \"John and Mary\". We argue that there is an underlying universal structure for individual coordination, and that the cross-linguistic variation can be explained by assuming that languages pronounce different morphemes of this universal structure. In particular, we argue that there two main types of system for the expression of individual coordination: the J-type and the μ-type. In μ-type languages the morpheme used for individual coordination also has uses a quantificational or focus particle, while in the J-type languages it doesn't. Instead at least in many J-type languages the same morpheme is used for individual and propositional coordination. The evidence we present for our model comes from two sources: new data from specific data of the J-type and μ-type languages, and from a study of the historical development of the expression of individual coordination in Indo-European which switched from a μ-type to a J-type system."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Koordination <Linguistik>",
"Semantik",
"Kontrastive Linguistik"
] | [
"bllo:bll-13307448X",
"bllo:bll-133073378",
"bllo:bll-133075389",
"bllo:Universal",
"bllo:bll-133074161",
"bllo:Focus",
"bllo:bll-133117987"
] | [
[
"Semantics",
"Semantik"
],
[
"Morpheme",
"Morphem"
],
[
"Focus particle",
"Fokuspartikel"
],
[
"Universal",
"Universalie"
],
[
"Coordination",
"Parataxe"
],
[
"Focus",
"Fokus"
],
[
"Particle",
"Partikel"
]
] | [
[
"ResearchTopic",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"MorphologicalCategory",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133117987",
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"InterclausalRelation",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"PragmaticUnit",
"DiscoursePhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Research topic",
"Forschungsthema"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Morphological category",
"Morphologische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Particle",
"Partikel"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Interclausal relation",
"Satzverknüpfung"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Pragmatic unit",
"Pragmatische Einheit"
],
[
"Discourse phenomenon",
"Diskursphänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"DiscoursePhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38591 | Erasability and interpretation | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper corroborates the interpretability proposal of Chomsky (1995) with evidence from scrambling in Japanese and German. First it is shown that scrambling in Japanese is semantically vacuous, whereas scrambling in German is semantically contentful. Chomsky’s proposal then predicts that the feature driving Japanese scrambling is erased after checking, while the corresponding feature in German remains visible, specifically for the Shortest Attract condition. Looking at patterns of movement that result in overlapping paths, this prediction is seen to be correct."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Generative Transformationsgrammatik",
"Funktionale Kategorie",
"Scrambling",
"Wortstellung",
"Deutsch",
"Japanisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133121925",
"bllo:bll-133109070",
"bllo:bll-133116018",
"bllo:bll-133070158"
] | [
[
"Scrambling",
"Scrambling"
],
[
"Japanese",
"Japanisch"
],
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"German",
"Deutsch"
]
] | [
[
"bll-133116018",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Japanese-Ryukyuan",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"WestGermanic",
"bll-133070166",
"bll-133095894",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
]
] | [
[
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Japanese-Ryukyuan",
"Japanisch-Ryukyu"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"West Germanic",
"Westgermanisch"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanisch"
],
[
"Indo-European languages",
"Indoeuropäische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
]
] | [
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
] |
38592 | Why variables? | eng | doc-type:article | [
"This paper addresses the question of how sentence-internal semantic dependencies are computed? The kind of semantic dependency I am looking at is that between a so called \"bound (variable) pronoun\" and its binder illustrated in (1), where the dependency is indicated by a connecting line. With all the literature on the topic (see for example Partee 1973, Percus 1998), I assume that this case is the prototype of all semantic dependencies, and therefore any result for this case generalizes to all types of sentence-internal semantic dependencies."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Pronomen",
"Syntax",
"Referenzidentität",
"Englisch"
] | [
"bllo:Prototype",
"bllo:bll-133073424",
"bllo:bll-133119394"
] | [
[
"Prototype",
"Prototyp"
],
[
"Case",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Pronoun",
"Pronomen"
]
] | [
[
"GeneralLinguisticNotion",
"OtherLinguisticTerm"
],
[
"CaseFeature",
"MorphosyntacticFeature",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"General linguistic notion",
"Allgemeinlinguistisches Konzept"
],
[
"Other linguistic term",
"Anderer linguistischer Begriff"
]
],
[
[
"Case feature",
"Kasus"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic feature",
"Morphosyntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
],
[
"Morphological phenomenon",
"Morphologisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"OtherLinguisticTerm",
"MorphologicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
38593 | A contrast to a trace | eng | doc-type:conferenceObject | [
"For movement, such as quantifier raising, the three different structures illustrated in (1) are discussed in the recent literature.\r\n(1) A girl danced with every boy\r\na. [every boy]x a girl danced with x (copy + replace)\r\nb. [every boy]x a girl danced with [every boy] (copy)\r\nc. [every boy]x a girl danced with [thex boy] (copy + modify)\r\nIn this paper, I'll call the proposal illustrated by (1a) the copy+replace theory since the movement is analyzed as first copying the moving phrase followed by replacing the moving phrase with a trace in the base position of movement. Chomsky (1993) and Fox (1999) argue against the copy+replace theory (1a) on the basis of Condition C data that show that moved material can behave as if it occupied the base position of movement. This behavior would, for example, be expected on the copy theory of movement illustrated by (1b), which also seems conceptually simpler than the copy+replace theory since it involves only copying without replacement. This conceptual advantage, however, is probably only apparent since a theory of the interpretation of structures like (1b) would probably be more complicated than for (1a). Standard assumptions about interpretation, at least, don't predict the right meaning when applied to (1b). For this reason, Chomsky and Fox propose what I'll call the copy+modify-theory illustrated in (1c). This proposes that copying is followed by a trace modification operation that replaces the determiner of the moved DP with something else. I assume that this is an indexed definite determiner, the interpretation of which is to be clarified below."
] | ddc:410 | [
"Generative Transformationsgrammatik",
"Spurtheorie",
"Syntax",
"Tiefenstruktur",
"Oberflächenstruktur <Linguistik>",
"Englisch"
] | [
"bllo:bll-133098893",
"bllo:bll-13454630X",
"bllo:bll-133119688",
"bllo:bll-133072835",
"bllo:Phrase",
"bllo:Trace",
"bllo:bll-133124533",
"bllo:bll-133089118",
"bllo:bll-133090078",
"bllo:bll-133116018"
] | [
[
"Mossi",
"More"
],
[
"Fox",
"Fox"
],
[
"Quantifier",
"Quantor"
],
[
"Theory",
"Theorie"
],
[
"Phrase",
"Phrase"
],
[
"Trace",
"Trace"
],
[
"Material",
"Stoffbezeichnung"
],
[
"Determiner",
"Determiner"
],
[
"Raising",
"Raising"
],
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
]
] | [
[
"Oti-Volta",
"NorthernGur",
"CentralGur",
"bll-133102556",
"bll-133076199",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"bll-133076652",
"Algic",
"bll-133075117",
"bll-133107264",
"LanguageRelatedTerm"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"Constituent",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"NullElement",
"SyntacticCategory",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133073661",
"LexicalPhenomenon"
],
[
"MorphosyntacticCategory",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"bll-133116018",
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
],
[
"SyntacticFeature",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
]
] | [
[
[
"Oti-Volta",
"Oti-Volta"
],
[
"Northern Gur",
"Nord-Gur"
],
[
"Central Gur",
"Zentral-Gur"
],
[
"Gur",
"Gur-Sprachen"
],
[
"Niger-Congo languages",
"Niger-Kongo-Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Algonquin",
"Algonkin"
],
[
"Algic",
"Algisch"
],
[
"Indigenous languages of North and Central America",
"Indigene Sprachen Nordamerikas und Zentralamerikas"
],
[
"Native American languages",
"Indigene amerikanische Sprachen"
],
[
"Language-related term",
"Sprachbezeichner"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Constituent",
"Konstituente"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Null element",
"Null-Element"
],
[
"Syntactic category",
"Syntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Lexical field",
"Wortfeld"
],
[
"Lexical phenomenon",
"Lexikalisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Morphosyntactic category",
"Morphosyntaktische Kategorie"
],
[
"Morphosyntactic phenomenon",
"Morphosyntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Movement",
"Movement"
],
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
],
[
[
"Syntactic feature",
"Syntaktisches Merkmal"
],
[
"Syntactic phenomenon",
"Syntaktisches Phänomen"
]
]
] | [
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"LanguageRelatedTerm",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"LexicalPhenomenon",
"MorphosyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon",
"SyntacticPhenomenon"
] |
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