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neuroendocrine ( ne ) tumors arise from cells of the endocrine and nervous systems , including those occurring in the intestine , pancreas , lung , and elsewhere .
they share common features such as similar structural and morphological appearance and presence of secretory granules containing various peptides and horm... | achaete - scute homologue-1 or ascl1 ( mash1 , hash1 ) plays roles in neural development and pulmonary neuroendocrine ( ne ) differentiation , and it is expressed in certain lung cancers .
this study was aimed to assess whether and/or how ascl1 plays a role in 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone ( nnk)-ind... |
monoamine oxidases are widely distributed enzymes that contain a flavin adenine dinucleotide ( fad ) covalently bounded to a cysteine residue ( 1 ) .
many living organisms possess maos and in mammals two isoforms are present , mao - a and mao - b , located in the outer membrane of the mitochondria .
these two isofo... | seven stilbenes and one catechin were bioactivity - guidedly isolated from the rhizomes of rheum palmatem .
their structures were identified as piceatannol ( 1 ) , resveratrol ( 2 ) , piceid ( 3 ) , rhapontigenin ( 4 ) , piceatannol-3-o--d - glucopyranoside ( 5 ) , rhaponticin ( 6 ) , catechin ( 7 ) and desoxyrhapont... |
azathioprine is a prodrug purine analog thought to exert its immunosuppressive effect through reduction in the proliferation of immune cells by interfering with lymphocyte dna replication and rna synthesis , and via downregulation of the antiapoptotic protein bcl - xl leading to premature apoptosis .
increased use of... | azathioprine leads to changes in mean corpuscular volume ( mcv ) and white blood cell ( wbc ) indices reflecting efficacy or toxicity .
understanding the interactions between bone marrow stem cells and azathioprine could highlight abnormal response patterns as forerunners for hematologic malignancies .
this study g... |
in contrast to all the other mammals , human sustains bipedal stance and gait as means of their normal posture and locomotion . as a consequence , humans are required to balance against multiple segments with a center of mass ( com ) of high position over a narrow base of support ( taube et al . , 2008 ) .
thus biped... | this study aimed to analyze an effect of the kinetic variables and postural stability between bilateral in lower limbs by participation of oreum trekking exercise program and subjects participated were composed of adult male and female subjects ( n=14 ) of 20s .
experiment was performed with the drop landing which ca... |
a highschool musical group of 53 hawke s bay residents toured california during the week in which the world health organization announced detection of human infections with the novel influenza a ( h1n1 ) 09 virus in the usa and mexico .
the group stayed at culver city ( 20 april ) before they were billeted with local... | please cite this paper as : mardani et al .
( 2011 ) limited novel influenza a ( h1n1 ) 09 infection in travelling highschool tour group .
influenza and other respiratory viruses 5(1 ) , 4751 .
background a single case of novel influenza a ( h1n1 ) 09 infection was identified by pcr among a new zealand highsch... |
preparation of go : initially , graphite powder ( 0.5 g ) and nano3 ( 0.5 g ) were dissolved in concentrated h2so4 ( 23 ml ) with continuous stirring for 20 min , and the mixture was cooled in an ice bath for 2 h. then , the reaction mixture was heated and stirred at 40 c , and kmno4 ( 6 g ) crystalline powder w... | abstractthe surface of graphene oxide ( go ) was modified using [ 3(2aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane ( diamine ) , which exhibited excellent catalytic activity for onepot multicomponent reactions .
the newly synthesized material was fully characterized by various instrumental techniques including fouriertrans... |
an eighteen - month - old boy was referred to the emergency department with a sudden onset of nausea and bilious vomiting which progressed into dehydration and confusion .
he had low body temperature ( 36.4c ) and blood pressure ( 80/40 mm hg ) and increased heart rate ( 160180/min ) .
the past medical history reve... | an eighteen - month - old boy who had undergone a ladd 's procedure for malrotation in the newborn period presented with acute onset of nausea , vomiting , rectal bleeding , and confusion .
laparotomy revealed midgut volvulus , mesenteric lymphadenopathy and massive chylous ascites .
recurrent midgut volvulus follo... |
rna surveillance pathways scan for errors arising during transcription and splicing , targeting aberrant rnas for degradation .
nonsense - mediated decay ( nmd ) is one such pathway , detecting mrnas that harbor premature termination or
it has been estimated that nmd regulates approximately 10% of all human mrnas ,... | nobody 's perfect , and even the cell turns out a certain fraction of erroneous mrna transcripts .
one of the key quality control mechanisms put in place to recognize and eliminate these transcripts before they can be translated into faulty proteins is nonsense - mediated decay .
proteins involved in nonsense - med... |
cancer accounts for over 10% of all deaths and colorectal cancer ( crc ) is one of the leading causes of cancer - related deaths worldwide .
crc is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world , and despite significantly improved treatment modalities , crc remains a major cause of cancer mortality .
the progn... | backgroundcolorectal cancer ( crc ) is one of the leading causes of cancer - related deaths worldwide .
more advanced work is required in the detection of biomarkers for crc susceptibility and prognosis .
high - mobility group box-1 ( hmgb1 ) is an angiogenesis - related gene reported to be associated with the deve... |
coercion is one of the most controversial aspects in the treatment and management of psychiatric disorders .
coercion is the negative subjective experience of loss of autonomy caused by an involuntary action , in this case from the mental health services toward a patient .
further perceived coercion of psychiatric ... | background : coercion is not uncommon phenomenon among mental health service users during their admission into psychiatric hospital
. research on perceived coercion of psychiatric patients is limited from india.aim:to investigate perceived coercion of psychiatric patients during admission into a tertiary care psychia... |
the eye is not immuned from developing cancers ; it has its own share of primary and secondary cancers .
tumors refer to new growths and are quite dreadful to both careers and patients alike especially when malignant . yet , the safety of benign ones is not absolute .
this notwithstanding , the world appeared to be... | aims : to determine awareness and knowledge of ocular cancers in a resource - limited setting.material and methods : a descriptive cross - sectional survey ( 2009 ) of 1,887 nigerians using interviewer - administered questionnaire.results:respondents were 55.6% males , and mean age was 30 years , sd 9.5 .
most respon... |
polylactide ( pla ) ,
prepared from -hydroxy
acids , is considered
to be one of the most promising polymer - based biomaterials because
of its demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability .
applications of pla in the biomedical field include
drug delivery vehicles , surgical sutures , tissue... | a new
simple and practical protocol for scalable synthesis of a
novel library of propargylated and pegylated -hydroxy acids
toward the preparation of clickable polylactides was
described .
the overall synthesis starting from readily available propargyl
alcohol , bromoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal , and oegs... |
over the past 25 years , human papillomaviruses
( hpvs ) have been
discovered to cause approximately 5% of all human cancer .
they are etiologically associated with nearly
all cervical carcinomas , and significant
data has emerged revealing the importance of hpvs in other anogenital
cancers as well as head ... | human
papillomaviruses ( hpvs ) are involved in approximately 5%
of all human cancer .
although initially recognized for causing nearly
all cases of cervical carcinoma , much data has now emerged implicating
hpvs as a causal factor in other anogenital cancers as well as a subset
of head and neck squamous ce... |
odontogenic tumors represent a spectrum of lesions ranging from benign and malignant neoplasms to dental hamartomas , all arising from odontogenic residues such as odontogenic epithelia and/or ectomesenchyme with variable amounts of dental hard tissues .
odontogenic epithelium is responsible for tooth development und... | objectives : since its recognition as a physiologic process associated with tumor , among molecular mechanisms involved in tumor progression , defects in regulation of apoptosis have generated an accelerating volume of research that has sought to elucidate the role of programed cell death in pathogenesis and treatment ... |
the benefits of achieving a low target intraocular pressure ( iop ) in primary open - angle glaucoma ( poag ) and ocular hypertension are well recognized . when acceptable iop levels are not achieved with a single drug , adjunctive therapy with complementary mechanisms of action
the ocular hypertension treatment stud... | purposeto analyze patterns of use of adjunctive therapies among new initiators of topical prostaglandin analogs ( pgas ) in a managed care population.methodsthe study cohort included patients in a claims database who initiated pga therapy between june 2007 and april 2011 .
patients who had one or more adjunctive ther... |
type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) is a hyperglycemic endocrine and metabolic disorder caused by insulin resistance and pancreatic -cell dysfunction .
it is a complicated , multifaceted disease induced by the combined actions of both genetic and environmental factors . with rapid changes in lifestyle , such as overnu... | objectives . to study the correlation between the methylation of protein kinase c epsilon zeta ( prkcz ) gene promoters and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) . methods .
the case - control method was implemented in 272 unrelated to one another cases in shiyan people 's hospital . of those ,
152 were diagnosed as t... |
the us department of defense ( dod ) invests considerable resources in global efforts to detect , analyze and prevent the spread of influenza and other respiratory infections within hostcountry and dod beneficiary populations .
physical crowding , rapid mass movement , physical stress and immunological navet render m... | please cite this paper as : jeremy sueker et al .
( 2010 ) influenza and respiratory disease surveillance : the us military s global laboratorybased network .
influenza and other respiratory viruses 4(3 ) , 155161.the us department of defense influenza surveillance system now spans nearly 500 sites in 75 countries... |
the decrease in anti - oxidant mechanisms , together with excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species ( ros ) , including superoxide radical anions , hydroxyl radicals , singlet oxygen , and hydrogen peroxide ( h2o2 ) , are causally linked to various health problems [ 1 , 2 ] . within healthy muscle cells , ros a... | objectives : the mushroom ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for many years .
although several studies have focused on the anti - oxidative activity of this mushroom , the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity have not yet been clearly established .
the present study inve... |
bacterial strains - we reviewed the microbiological features of 15 c. striatum strains recovered from representative clinical sites of 14 hospitalised patients ( 50% male ; 50% with fatal outcomes ) with signs and symptoms of bacterial infection .
the patients were hospitalised between august 2009-april 2010 in seven... | corynebacterium striatum is a potentially pathogenic microorganism with the ability to produce outbreaks of nosocomial infections . here
, we document a nosocomial outbreak caused by multidrug - resistant ( mdr ) c. striatum in rio de janeiro , brazil .
c. striatum identification was confirmed by 16s rrna and rpob ... |
radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals for use in nuclear medicine constitute one of the most prominent applications of nuclear energy .
radionuclides were quickly incorporated to biologically active chemical compounds , producing a specific class of drugs known as radiopharmaceuticals .
nuclear medicine is nowaday... | radiopharmaceuticals are special drugs that in the composition preserve one or more radionuclides which can be used as diagnostic or therapeutic tools in nuclear medicine units .
this study evaluated hospitals and clinics which have nuclear medicines services at the city of rio de janeiro from august to november 2010... |
we enrolled children < 12 years of age who were hospitalized for ili from june 18 , 2009 , through march 1 , 2010 , and for whom pandemic ( h1n1 ) 2009 infection was confirmed by real - time reverse transcription pcr .
1,362 children were hospitalized for ili . the first case was diagnosed and confirmed as pandemic ... | to determine effects of pandemic ( h1n1 ) 2009 on children in the tropics , we examined characteristics of children hospitalized for this disease in malaysia .
of 1,362 children , 51 ( 3.7% ) died , 46 of whom were in an intensive care unit .
although disease was usually mild , > 1 concurrent conditions were associ... |
with limited resources and an increasing need for speed in the health - care system , the advent of cheaper and more user friendly miniaturized ultrasound scanners is appealing .
pocket - sized scanners can now easily be brought to the patient , so - called point - of - care ultrasonography .
the recently published... | aimsto study the reliability and feasibility of point - of - care pocket - sized echocardiography ( pocket ) at the bedside in patients admitted to a medical department at a non - university hospital.methods and resultsone hundred and eight patients were randomized to bedside pocket examination shortly after admission ... |
nasopharynx is the part of the pharynx that lies behind the nasal cavity and above the soft palate .
masses in the nasopharynx form a heterogeneous group of lesions with a broad spectrum of histopathological features . in other words , a variety of benign and malignant pathologies can be seen in this anatomical area ... | introductionalthough there are some studies regarding the clinical characteristics and outcome of nasopharyngeal tumors , one such study from iran has not been reported to date .
this study aimed to evaluate the clinical features , treatment , and consequences of nasopharyngeal lesions.methodsin this cross sectional ... |
periodontal diseases , surgeries , trauma , ridge resorption , and traumatic tooth extraction can result in open interdental spaces , elongated clinical crowns , and altered labiodental / linguoalveolar consonant sound production .
the first step in the management of these problems is surgical correction of the defec... | periodontal diseases result in damage and destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth , including the bone and periodontal ligament . in some cases , there is loss of gingival coverage of the teeth in esthetic regions , with gingival recession and loss of interdental papilla .
the surgical treatment in such... |
it is a well - known fact that controversy still exists as to whether the condyle needs an open treatment or closed treatment to regain its maximum functionality .
closed reduction is often associated with reduced mouth opening , decreased patient compliance , and potential for ankylosis , internal derangement of joi... | objective : the aim was to assess the accuracy of three - dimensional anatomical reductions achieved by open method of treatment in cases of displaced unilateral mandibular subcondylar fractures using preoperative ( pre op ) and postoperative ( post op ) computed tomography ( ct ) scans.materials and methods : in this ... |
however , for surgeons , problems include limited observation of the fixed two - dimensional ( 2d ) monitor in an unnatural posture and loss of instrumental freedom .
sunnyvale , ca ) is a master - slave system and is more suitable than endoscopic surgery from an ergonomic perspective .
the surgeon controls the da ... | there has been great progress in robotic surgical technology in recent years .
the aim of this study was to objectively quantify robot - enhanced dexterity . to evaluate three - dimensional monitoring and non - dominant hand maneuverability using the da vinci surgical system ,
five surgeons were asked to thread the... |
a 50-year - old woman sought evaluation in our clinic with a complaint of pain in the right elbow joint .
six months earlier , the patient had pain in the right elbow and tenderness in the lateral epicondyle , so the patient received a trigger point injection ( tpi ) two times and intramuscular stimulation ( ims ) un... | elbow tuberculosis is a rare disease which accounts for 1 - 3% of all cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis .
the diagnosis of tuberculous arthritis is very difficult in most clinical situations because of the insidious onset , indolent process , and mild and non - specific local or systemic symptoms .
thus , the co... |
extra - articular hip arthroscopy has been recently used for the treatment of various conditions such as subspine impingement , gluteus medius / minimus tears , ischiofemoral impingement , sciatic entrapment and proximal hamstring repair .
many of these procedures involve the peritrochanteric or subgluteal space . ... | beyond the recent expansion of extra - articular hip arthroscopy into the peri - trochanteric and subgluteal space , this instructional course lecture introduces three innovative procedures : endoscopy - assisted periacetabular osteotomy , closed derotational proximal femoral osteotomy and endoscopic pubic symphysectom... |
in 2011 , minks on a breeding farm in raoyang county , in southeastern hebei province , became ill with an unidentified disease .
the illness rate was almost 100% among farmed minks ( mustela vison ) , although the death rate was < 5% , mainly in minks <3 months of age .
pcr excluded all classical endemic and emerg... | we identified a novel mink orthoreovirus , mrv1hb - a , which seems to be closely related to human strain mrv2tou05 , which was isolated from 2 children with acute necrotizing encephalopathy in 2005 .
evolution of this virus should be closely monitored so that prevention and control measures can be taken should it be... |
oksidovani lipoprotein niske gustine ( ox - ldl ) i visokosenzitivni c - reaktivni protein ( hs - crp ) povieni su u dijabetes melitusu ( dm ) i povezani sa ubrzanom atero - sklerozom . malo je poznata njihova dinamika u akutnoj fazi infarkta miokarda sa elevacijom st segmenta ( stemi ) , naroito u zavisnosti od prisus... | summarybackgroundoxidized low density lipoprotein ( ox - ldl ) and high - sensitive c - reactive protein ( hs - crp ) are elevated in diabetes mellitus ( dm ) and associated with accelerated atherosclerosis .
little is known about their dynamics in the acute phase of st segment elevation myocardial infarction ( stemi... |
an 18-year - male patient by name vinith came with a complaint of generalized spacing in his upper front teeth . on clinical examination ,
the case was diagnosed as angles class i molar relation on class i skeletal base with retained deciduous lateral incisor 52 , with missing right side lateral incisor and spacing i... | impaction of maxillary lateral incisor with odontome and retained deciduous tooth is not often seen in regular dental practice .
impaction of anterior teeth cause generalized spacing which affects the esthetics of the face . here we report a case of an 18-year - old patient with horizontally impacted dilacerated late... |
united nations human settlements gave a comprehensive global description of urban slum communities and attempted to identify different approaches to address this problem to achieve the united nations millennium development goals ( mdgs ) . at the united nations expert group meeting held in nairobi in 2002 ,
a slum wa... | abstractbackgroundnon - communicable diseases ( ncds ) exist in slums as the inhabitants adopt an urbanized lifestyle which places them at a higher risk for .
lack of knowledge about the morbidity , complications and the method of control contributes to a large percentage of undetected and untreated cases.methodsthis... |
liver is the most massive of the viscera , occupying a substantial portion of abdominal cavity , that is , right hypochondrium and epigastrium , and extending into left hypochondrium as far as left lateral line .
it is convex in the front , to the right , above , and behind , and is somewhat concave inferiorly , wher... | background . day to day advances in the fields of radiology like sonography and ct need to revive interest in the cadaveric study of morphological features of liver , as the accessory fissures are a potential source of diagnostic errors .
accessory fissures vary from single to multiple over different parts of the liv... |
promoter methylation has been well recognized as an important epigenetic change in the development of cancer .
normally , cpg islands in the promoter regions of a number of genes are present in an unmethylated state .
aberrant methylation of cpg islands in promoters is characteristic of several genes in cancer lead... | backgroundhuman male germ cell tumors ( gcts ) arise from undifferentiated primordial germ cells ( pgcs ) , a stage in which extensive methylation reprogramming occurs .
gcts exhibit pluripotentality and are highly sensitive to cisplatin therapy .
the molecular basis of germ cell ( gc ) transformation , differentia... |
wnt/-catenin signaling is activated upon binding of wnt ligands to both frizzled ( fz ) receptors and low - density lipoprotein receptor - related protein 5/6 ( lrp5/6 ) co - receptors ( reviewed in ) .
subsequent -catenin translocation to the nucleus leads to t - cell factor / lymphoid enhancer factor ( tcf / lef... | cd44 was recently identified as a positive feedback regulator of wnt/-catenin signaling .
this regulation occurs at the level of low - density lipoprotein receptor - related protein 6 phosphorylation and membrane targeting .
these findings broaden our understanding of the wnt pathway activation process and open ne... |
tumor thrombus from renal cell carcinoma is commonly reported in renal vein and inferior vena cava with a few reports of gonadal vein involvement . here
, we report a case of an elderly female who underwent fluorodeoxyglucose ( fdg ) positron emission tomography - computed tomography scan for initial staging of left ... | |
various conventional mechanical test methods , such as shear , tensile , and flexural
tests , have been used to assess dental adhesion .
however , problems
related to the validity of the measurements obtained began to arise as cohesive failures
in the substrate were frequently observed with new adhesives that y... | objectivesthe aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of resin composite ( filtek z250
and filtek flow z350 ) and adhesive system [ ( solobond plus , futurabond nr ( voco )
and adper single bond ( 3 m espe ) ] on the microtensile ( tbs ) and microshear bond
strength ( sbs ) tests on enamel , and to correla... |
professionalism is characterized by the degree of dedication displayed by individuals
regarding the values and behavioral attributes of a specific career identity .
professionals are generally defined in terms of
a particular body of knowledge obtained through formal education , an expanded level of
skills , so... | introduction : professionalism is characterized by the degree
of dedication displayed by individuals regarding the values and behavioral attributes of a
specific career identity . professionalism indicates attitudes that represent high levels
of identification with and commitment to a specific profession . in the... |
animals : this study included 46 dogs separated into the cr group ( n=27 )
and the cb group ( n=19 ) .
the mean age was 7 years for dogs with cr ( range : 214 years ) as
well as for dogs with cb ( range : 315 years ) .
these dogs were referred to the animal medical
center of nihon university from april 2009 t... | canine chronic rhinitis ( cr ) and bronchitis ( cb ) are suspected to be allergic diseases .
the present study tested whether dogs diagnosed with cr or cb present an atopic
predisposition based on the ratio of cc chemokine receptor 4 ( ccr4)-positive cells among
peripheral blood cd4-positive cells ( ccr4/cd4 ) an... |
cyclopropagative development of plasmodium parasites in their anopheline mosquito vectors is required for transmission between human hosts . during the first stages of this cycle , immediately following the ingestion of gametocytes by the female mosquito ,
following progression to the ookinete stage in the midgut lum... | current efforts have proven inadequate to stop the transmission of plasmodium parasites , and hence the spread of malaria , by anopheles mosquitoes . therefore , a novel arsenal of strategies for inhibiting plasmodium infection of mosquitoes is urgently needed . in this paper
, we summarize research on two approaches... |
chagas disease was first described by the brazilian physician , carlos chagas , in 1909 .
he identified the causal agent , the protozoan trypanosoma cruzi ( t. cruzi ) , the vectorial transmission and insect reservoirs as well as the clinical signs and symptoms .
in other words , he described the complete cycle of ... | congenital chagas disease , a neglected tropical disease , endemic in latin america , is associated with premature labor and miscarriage . during vertical transmission
the parasite trypanosoma cruzi ( t. cruzi ) crosses the placental barrier .
however , the exact mechanism of the placental infection remains unclear... |
on september 22 , 2010 , a player ( patient 4 ) was hospitalized for a calf abscess that had spontaneously drained to the skin .
investigations identified 3 previous case - patients among the team members during the previous month ( figure ) .
a case - patient was defined as a player on the team who developed a ski... | staphylococcus aureus strains that produce panton - valentine leukocidin are known to cause community infections .
we describe an outbreak of skin abscesses caused by panton - valentine leukocidin producing methicillin - susceptible s. aureus ( clonal complex 121 ) in a professional rugby team in france during july ... |
the condition of the patient rapidly deteriorated and he died about 2 months after the first medical examination .
head and neck computed tomography showing swelling of multiple lymph nodes in the submandibular zone ( a ) .
[ color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com ] many large cells were found with ma... | langerhans cell sarcoma ( lcs ) and quintuple cancers are extremely rare . in this report ,
a case of quintuple cancers including lcs was described .
an 80yearold man had squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal skin , colon and rectum adenocarcinomas , and tcell / histiocyterich large bcell lymphoma .
as swelling of... |
sinusitis is reported to be one of the most widespread diseases in the united states and europe1 , 2 , 3 and is one of the most common reasons for patients to see a doctor or receive an antibiotic.1 , 4 , 5 although the disease may be less serious than other common diseases such as asthma or peptic ulcer disease , the ... | objectiveto compare the prevalence of acute sinusitis ( as ) and chronic sinusitis ( cs ) diagnosed by primary care and emergency medicine physicians in our academic institution to national data.study designcrosssectional pilot study of institutional census data and a populationbased national sample .
the setting was... |
data were collected from members of kaiser permanente medical care plan , northern california region ( kpnc ) .
kpnc is an integrated health service delivery system with a membership of 3.2 million that comprises about 2530% of the population of a 22-county service area and is the largest health care provider in nort... | objective : we sought to estimate the causal effect of low serum 25(oh)d on multiple sclerosis ( ms ) susceptibility that is not confounded by environmental or lifestyle factors or subject to reverse causality.methods:we conducted mendelian randomization ( mr ) analyses using an instrumental variable ( iv ) comprising ... |
the key aspects of radioprotective agents are their practicality for use in specific scenarios of radiation exposure and the corresponding tactical and technical requirements for medical preparations . at the present time , amifostine , a radioprotector from the aminothiol family ,
is used in clinical practice as a r... | this review gives a comparative evaluation of the radioprotective properties and the therapeutic index ( ti ) of radioprotectors from various pharmacological group in experiments on both small and large animals .
it presents a hypothesis explaining the decrease in the ti of cystamine and 5-methoxytryptamine ( mexamin... |
malignant tumors of the anus are uncommon and scarcely encountered in the field of proctology .
according to the report of the japanese society for cancer of the colon and rectum on the frequency of cancers , anal canal carcinomas accounted for only 0.8% of rectal carcinomas . despite the low incidence , treatment of... | anal canal adenocarcinoma is a relatively rare malignancy without established diagnostic and treatment criteria .
case reports of chemotherapy for anal canal adenocarcinoma with distant metastasis are limited , and there is no convincing evidence for treatment effectiveness .
a 62-year - old man complained of diffi... |
nonhuman primate models have contributed greatly to our understanding of hiv-1 pathogenesis and have been invaluable for testing the efficacy of experimental vaccines and drug regimens [ 1 , 2 ] .
there are , however , surprising differences in outcomes of hiv-1 infection between humans and captive chimpanzees .
th... | human and chimpanzee cd4 + t cells differ markedly in expression of the inhibitory receptor siglec-5 , which contributes towards differential responses to activating stimuli . while cd4 + t cells from both species are equally susceptible to hiv-1 infection , chimpanzee cells survive better , suggesting a cell - intrins... |
a 67-year - old male presented in our emergency department complaining sudden , severe dizziness and left ptosis of an hour 's duration . on admission , his symptoms gradually worsened , showing left - side facial palsy , severe dysarthria , and left - limb ataxia .
he was on oral anticoagulation with a daily aspirin... | acute , distal , basilar artery occlusion is a challenging neurovascular emergency .
there have been several reports regarding the successful application of the solitaire fr device for treating this lesion . however , due to the lack of a suitable , balloon - tipped , guiding catheter for the vertebral artery , durin... |
the physical stimuli that represent the model input variables are : physical velocity of monitor in space m ; velocity of the image ( grating ) on the monitor r ; and eye velocity in space e. the psychophysical constants of the model are : the weber fractions for the difference between retinal and reference signals w ,... | when a slowly moving pattern is presented on a monitor which itself is moved , the pattern appears to freeze on the screen ( mesland and wertheim in vis res 36(20):33253328 , 1996 ) even if we move our head with the monitor , as with a head mounted display ( pavard and berthoz in perception 6:529540 , 1977 ) .
we pre... |
cells are complex systems whose physiology is governed by an intricate network of molecular interactions ( mis ) of which a relevant subset are protein protein interactions ( ppis ) .
signal transduction pathways and transcriptional regulation are typical examples of such biological processes mediated by ppi .
the... | the molecular interaction database ( mint , ) aims at storing , in a structured format , information about molecular interactions ( mis ) by extracting experimental details from work published in peer - reviewed journals . at present
the mint team focuses the curation work on physical interactions between proteins . ... |
a 44-year - old male presented with complaints of pain and yellowish discharge in the right eye for one week .
he suggested that he may have been infected by his family members or neighbors , all of whom had conjunctivitis . on examination ,
anterior segment examination of the right eye revealed localized conjuncti... | we report a case of unilateral conjunctival ulcer due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in an immunocompetent individual . a 44-year - old male presented with complaints of pain and yellowish discharge in the right eye for one week .
patient underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation and relevant laboratory inv... |
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation ( pnf ) is a technique used to improve lower - limb
muscle strength and gait function .
neuromuscular joint facilitation ( njf ) is a new
therapeutic exercise based on kinesiology , which is used to increase strength , flexibility ,
and range of motion ( rom ) .
njf i... | [ purpose ] the aim of this study was to investigate the change in tibial rotation during
walking among young adults after neuromuscular joint facilitation therapy . [ subjects and
methods ] the subjects were twelve healthy young people ( 6 males , 6 females ) .
a
neuromuscular joint facilitation intervention a... |
the symposium was organised by the clinical trials and evaluation unit , royal brompton and harefield nhs trust ( uk ) , in collaboration with the national heart and lung institute ( uk ) and the maryland medical research institute ( usa ) , and was held at the royal college of physicians , london ( uk ) .
the theme ... | this symposium provided a useful forum for the discussion of issues relating to the design and conduct of clinical trials .
there is a need for greater awareness of the complexity of modern day trials , in which a host of statistical , logistical , regulatory and ethical issues are involved .
issues discussed range... |
retrograde root canal filling following apicoectomy is an important procedure , aimed at hermetically sealing the root canal against the leakage of irritants from the canal into the periapical tissues .
thus , it is important to choose a biocompatible root - end filling material with high sealing ability .
evaluati... | objectives : the aim of this study was to evaluate marginal adaptation of mineral trioxide aggregate ( mta ) , calcium enriched mixture ( cem ) cement , biodentine and bioaggregate in presence of normal saline and human blood.materials and methods : in this in - vitro experimental study , 80 extracted single - rooted h... |
an estimated 5.7 million american adults have heart failure , and the annual incidence is 10 per 1000 population in people above 65 years age .
survival estimates for heart failure are 50% at 5 years and 10% at 10 years , respectively .
the incidence of heart failure has remained stable , but survival has increased... | background : heart failure is a common condition that that leads to hospitalization .
it is associated with various atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.aim:the aim of this study is to find common arrhythmias and electrocardiographic changes in hospitalized patients who have systolic heart failure.materials and methods... |
first described in 1976 , conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive variant of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma which can often require enucleation or orbital exenteration.1,2 histologically , conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma is characterized by cells with squamous differentiation a... | conjunctival mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a very rare but highly aggressive conjunctival neoplasm with 42 previously reported cases .
we report the case of a 56-year - old male with a left ocular surface squamous neoplasm , which was subsequently treated with excision and autoconjunctival graft .
histopathology of t... |
pituitary apoplexy is an uncommon event and usually occurs in non - functioning pituitary tumors . among the functioning tumors , prolactinomas are the ones most likely to apoplexy .
apoplexy in growth hormone ( gh ) producing adenomas is a very rare event with less than thirty cases reported worldwide .
a 55 ye... | introduction : pituitary apoplexy is an uncommon event and usually occurs in non - functioning pituitary tumors . among the functioning tumors ,
prolactinomas are the ones most likely to apoplexy .
apoplexy in growth hormone ( gh ) producing adenomas is a very rare event with less than thirty cases reported worldwi... |
this is partly due to a large body of data available from western population where obesity is considered a major public health concern [ 13 ] .
epidemiological studies with longitudinal follow - up have demonstrated association between simple anthropometric measures like height , weight ( body mass index : bmi ) , an... | background .
one third of indian population is said to be suffering from chronic energy deficiency ( ced ) , with increased risk of developing chronic diseases . a new anthropometric measure called a body shape index ( absi )
is said to be a better index in predicting risks for premature mortality .
absi is also ... |
benign tumors of the hypopharynx are very rare , with the most common two being the fibrolipoma and leiomyoma .
the ductal cysts are mucous retention cysts that develop after obstruction of the collecting ducts of the submucosal glands .
although the oral cavity or larynx are often involved , hypopharyngeal localiz... | the ductal cyst of the hypopharynx is a very rare tumor .
we report a case of hypopharyngeal ductal cyst in a 63-year - old man presenting with globus sensation .
it was removed by a laryngomicrosurgical technique , using a microdissection electrode .
masses of the hypopharynx may not always be easily visible on ... |
abstractcancer exosomes are gaining considerable amount of attention in basic and applied clinical research for their established role in the modulation of the tumor niche , and their broad - range contribution to tumor - host cross - talk . supporting evidence to
their role in tumorigenesis comes from the observatio... | |
talaromyces marneffei ( tm ) infection is a deep fungal infection caused by the dimorphic fungus tm ( formerly known as penicillium marneffei ) , a species endemic to southeast asia , including some districts in china ( e.g. , guangdong , guangxi , yunnan , hong kong ) , and nearby countries including thailand , laos ,... | background : talaromyces ( penicillium ) marneffei ( tm ) is an emerging dimorphic human pathogenic fungus that is endemic to southeast asia .
tm mostly occurs as an opportunistic infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) .
the objective of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory... |
congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( cah ) is a disorder characterized by impaired biosynthesis of adrenal steroids due to various defects in the activity of the enzymes involved in the synthetic pathway .
the most common variant of cah is due to defect in the 21 hydroxylase enzyme . the defects in this enzyme lead to im... | background : there is equipoise regarding the status of bone mineral density ( bmd ) in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( cah ) , where patients need to be on long - term low - dose steroids.objective:we aimed to evaluate bmd at the hip , spine and forearm in women with cah and compare it to healthy young ... |
research on cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) has been intensively carried out over recent years and led to improved rates of successful resuscitation . however , the topic of interest is not only the ultimate outcome of whether patients are discharged from the hospital , but also the neurological outcome . in this... | research on cardiac resuscitation has led to various changes in the techniques and drug administration involved in modern advanced life support . besides improving primary cardiac survival ,
interest is increasingly focused on a favourable neurological outcome .
however , until now there has been no on - site equip... |
one of the enduring challenges in biology is to learn how the amazing complexity and diversity of life forms arise from a limited repertoire of heritable factors . to understand the emergent properties of biological systems , it is necessary to first map the functional organization of the complex biological networks th... | systematic mapping of genetic - interaction networks will provide an essential foundation for understanding complex genetic disorders , mechanisms of genetic buffering and principles of robustness and evolvability .
a recent study of signaling pathways in caenorhabditis elegans lays the next row of bricks in this fou... |
the most common sites affected are the ovaries , uterine ligaments , recto- and vesico - vaginal septae , pelvic peritoneum , cervix , labia and vagina .
malignant transformation of endometriosis may occur in up to 1% of women , with the most common site being the ovary ( 1 ) .
the risk of ovarian cancer increases ... | endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis of the uterine cervix is rare in premenopausal woman .
we describe here a patient with this condition and review the clinical and pathological features of these tumors .
a 48-yr - old woman complaining of severe dysmenorrhea was referred for investigation of a ... |
severe carotid , vertebral or subclavian stenosis is found in 16.6% of patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease ( cad ) , whereas multivessel coronary disease and significant carotid stenosis only coexists in 2.822% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting ( cabg ) .
the frequency of carotid arter... | summarycoexistent carotid artery stenosis ( cs ) and multivessel coronary artery disease ( cad ) is not infrequent .
one in 5 patients with multivessel cad has a severe cs , and cad incidence reaches 80% in those referred for carotid revascularization .
we reviewed treatment strategies for concomitant severe cs and... |
administration of the phytoestrogen coumestrol to ovariectomized rats leads to increases in both wet and dry uterine weights in the absence of an increase in uterine dna content , as reported by markaverich et al .
[ effects of coumestrol on estrogen receptor function and uterine growth in ovariectomized rats .
env... | |
antisynthetase syndrome ( ass ) is a heterogeneous systemic autoimmune syndrome characterized by inflammatory myopathy , arthritis or arthralgias , interstitial lung disease ( ild ) , fever , raynaud 's phenomenon , and mechanic 's hands 1 , 2 associated with antisynthetase antibodies .
there are three patterns of on... | key clinical messagepatients with antisynthetasepositive interstitial lung disease ( ild ) alone sometimes develop myositis during followup , but myasthenia gravis ( mg ) overlapping on antisynthetase syndrome is unusual . a 56yearold woman with ild and antiej antibody treated for 8 years developed mg .
physicians sh... |
anthocyanins are responsible for the color of red grape varieties and the wines produced from them .
flavonols are also important because they participate both in stabilizing anthocyanins in young red wines through copigmentation and in increasing the health - related properties of wine [ 1 , 2 ] .
grape anthocyani... | this paper explores the characteristics of the anthocyanin and flavonol composition and content in grapes from plants resulting from intraspecific crosses of vitis vinifera varieties monastrell cabernet sauvignon , monastrell syrah , and monastrell barbera , in order to acquire information for future breeding progra... |
constraint - induced movement therapy ( cimt ) is an intervention for stroke patients that has
been suggested to promote the movement of the upper extremities on the paralyzed side .
it is
an intensive rehabilitation treatment method that promotes the use of the unused affected
side by restricting the less - af... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact that modified
constraint - induced movement therapy has on upper extremity function and the daily life of
chronic stroke patients .
[ subjects and methods ] modified constraint - induced movement
therapy was conduct for 2 stroke patients with h... |
over one third of u.s . children are overweight or obese putting them at higher risk for adverse health outcomes .
food intake must balance with energy expenditure and growth demands in order for children to maintain a healthy body weight .
complex neural regulatory feedback systems monitor available energy stores ... | background / objectiveexposure to food advertisements may cue overeating among children , especially among those genetically predisposed to respond to food cues .
we aimed to assess how television food advertisements affect eating in the absence of hunger among children in a randomized trial .
we hypothesized that ... |
it has been implicated in inducing nephrogenic diabetes inspidus , chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy , and acute tubular necrosis .
we describe a case of lithium - induced minimal change disease ( mcd ) and acute kidney injury ( aki ) .
a 32-year - old female with a medical history of bipolar disorder treated ... | context : lithium carbonate is a psychiatric medication commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder . it has been implicated in inducing nephrogenic diabetes inspidus , chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy , and acute tubular necrosis .
we describe a case of lithium - induced minimal change disease ( mcd ) a... |
human retinopathy of prematurity ( rop ) results when the developing retinal vasculature in the premature infant is exposed to higher - than normal oxygen levels ( hyperoxia ) .
hyperoxia causes development of the retinal vasculature to cease and vaso - obliteration to occur .
as the neural retina continues to deve... | development of the dog superficial retinal vasculature is similar to the mechanism of human retinal vasculature development ; they both develop by vasculogenesis , differentiation , and assembly of vascular precursors called angioblasts .
canine oxygen - induced retinopathy ( oir ) was first developed by arnall patz ... |
endodontic management of necrotic immature permanent teeth is often difficult , as such teeth lack an apical stop and are also weak and fragile . traditionally , the treatment of choice in these teeth has been apexification using calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate ( mta ) .
a barrier is induced or create... | objective : immature teeth have a large apical opening and thin divergent or parallel dentinal walls ; hence , with conventional needle irrigation there is a very high possibility of extrusion .
this study was done to compare the apical extrusion of naocl in an immature root delivered using endovac and needle irrigat... |
stroke is the second highest cause of death worldwide and the third highest cause of disability - adjusted life - years ( dalys ) ( 1 ) and its regional burden is escalating . a meta - analysis and review of 56 population - based studies published over four decades ( 1970 to 2008 ) showed that in ten low - income and m... | while communicable diseases still pose a serious health threat in developing countries , previously neglected health issues caused by non - communicable diseases such as stroke are rapidly becoming a major burden to these countries . in this review
we will discuss the features and current status of stroke in low- and... |
hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is primarily an ordinary cause of cancer - related death worldwide , especially in china ( 1 - 6 ) .
the incidence of hcc keeps the highest in eastern asia and africa , while its frequency has been increased rapidly in western countries and japan as well ( 7 , 8) .
transcatheter art... | background : it is critical to follow up hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization ( tace ) in clinical practice . computed tomography ( ct ) is used to assess lipiodol deposition , whereas it is difficult to assess hypovascular residual cancer masked by lipiodol . in contrast , ma... |
colonic perforation may occur either as a sequela of various colorectal diseases or as a complication of colonoscopy .
perforation associated with severe acute appendicitis , diverticulitis , or colorectal cancer is an example of disease - related perforation .
toxic megacolon accompanying such conditions as severe... | colonic perforation occurs in a variety of clinical scenarios and colonoscopy - associated perforation is one of the important reasons for colonic perforation .
colonoscopy - associated perforation may be diagnosed during colonoscopy procedure by the visualization of evident colonic wall defect or , after the complet... |
the number of people with diabetes mellitus is alarmingly increasing due to the growing prevalence of obesity , genetic susceptibility , urbanization , and ageing .
type 2 diabetes , the most common form of the disease , may remain undetected for many years and its diagnosis is often made incidentally through an abno... | hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are key players in the development of atherosclerosis and its complications .
a large body of evidence suggest that metabolic abnormalities cause overproduction of reactive oxygen species ( ros ) . in turn ,
ros , via endothelial dysfunction and inflammation , play a major role ... |
oral metastatic lesions from distant tumors are uncommon and mainly involve the bony structures , whereas metastases to soft tissues are extraordinarily rare . in most patients , the primary tumor is already known before the oral metastatic lesions appear .
this particular case is worth reporting , because of extreme... | metastatic lesions to the oral region are uncommon and account for approximately 1% of all malignant oral tumors . in 25% of the cases ,
oral metastases are found to be the first sign of the metastatic spread ; and in 23% of the cases , it is the first indication of an undiscovered malignancy at a distant site .
me... |
alarming increase in childhood obesity is one of the major health concerns due to its long - term health consequences as cardiovascular disease , type 2 diabetes , hypertension , fatty liver etc .
high prevalence rate of overweight and obesity is reported in many studies in iranian pediatric population .
the relati... | background : in this study , we aim to compare insulin and leptin levels in adolescents with or without excess weight and in those with or without abdominal obesity.materials and methods : this case - control study was conducted among 486 samples .
we randomly selected 243 overweight and an equal number of normal - w... |
to date , percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ( ptca ) and stenting have been the important strategies for the treatment of coronary heart diseases ( chd ) .
however , the incidence of restenosis ( rs ) is at a high level within 6 months after surgery .
although the drug - eluting stent has significantly... | antisense smad3 adenoviral vectors were used to transfect vascular smooth muscle cells ( vsmcs ) from rats with balloon injury or infused into the rat balloon - catheter injured carotid arteries , and the role of tgf-1/smad3 signaling pathway in the secretion of type i and iii collagen by vsmcs following balloon injury... |
amyloidosis is a multisystem disease of diverse causes characterized by the presence of extracellular deposits of an insoluble fibrillar protein , amyloid .
amyloid deposits are commonly found in the kidneys , nerves , vessels , liver , spleen , gastrointestinal tracts , heart and respiratory tracts .
the pulmonary... | diffuse alveolar septal involvement is a rare form of pulmonary amyloidosis .
ante - mortem diagnosis is unusual , and most of the reported cases were diagnosed at autopsy .
it has recently been reported that transbronchial lung biopsy via a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope was a relatively safe method to confirm d... |
delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome of acute onset and fluctuating course , clinically characterised by altered level of consciousness , attention , and disturbance in orientation , memory , thought , and behaviour .
the term delirium literally means , out of the track , and was firstly used by celsus , in the ... | delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by altered consciousness and attention with cognitive , emotional and behavioural symptoms .
it is particularly frequent in elderly people with medical or surgical conditions and is associated with adverse outcomes .
predisposing factors render the subject more ... |
throughout the brain , there are functionallyorganized regions . of particular interest are sensory maps , which produce orderly representations of incoming sensory stimuli .
one important feature of such maps is that they are discontinuous , divided into discrete functional subregions .
for example , in primary ... | horizontal connections in superficial cortical layers integrate information across sensory maps by connecting related functional columns . it has been hypothesized that these connections mediate cortical reorganization via synaptic plasticity . however , it is not known if the horizontal connections from discontinuous ... |
although dna methylation is one of the critical ways for silencing tumor suppressor and dna repair genes during tumor initiation and progression , the mechanisms underlying dna methylation in cancer remain unclear .
here we show that prostaglandin e2 ( pge2 ) silences certain tumor suppressor and dna repair genes via... | |
asthma is the most outstanding allergic disease especially in developed countries [ 1 , 2 ] .
however , in developing countries the frequency of asthma is much lower , particularly in rural areas , where the prevalence of parasite infection is high [ 35 ] .
factors associated with protection against atopy in rural ... | protective factors associated with atopy or asthma in rural areas include socioeconomic level , overcrowding , and helminth infection . however , little epidemiological information was originated from schistosomiasis areas .
this study aimed to investigate factors associated with asthma in a schistosomiasis endemic a... |
the term composite lymphoma ( cl ) was introduced by custer in the mid-1950s to describe cases of 2 distinct lymphomas concurrently arising in a single patient .
the incidence of cl is low with an estimated 14.7% of lymphoma cases representing cl .
typically , cl consists of 2 distinct non - hodgkin lymphomas (... | composite lymphoma ( cl ) is a rare disease with 2 distinct lymphomas concurrently arising in a single patient with an estimated incidence of 14.7% of newly diagnosed lymphomas per year .
cl most commonly involves 2 b - cell non - hodgkin lymphomas ( nhl ) or a b - cell nhl with a hodgkin lymphoma .
our case is uni... |
the word fall refers to an accident in which an individual falls on the floor or to a lower
location and is injured regardless of his / her own will , except for cases caused by acute
paralysis or external forces1 , 2 . according to the world health organization , falling is a
critical health problem , ranking se... | [ purpose ] the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of whole body
vibration exercise in the horizontal direction on balance and fear of falling in the
elderly .
[ methods ] this study was a case series of 17 elderly individuals .
participants
performed whole body vibration exercise in ... |
tracheobronchial tear refers to a mucosal tear or complete transection of the trachea or bronchi .
it is a challenging diagnosis for the emergency physician and needs a high index of suspicion .
most of these injuries can be missed in the emergency room ( er ) unless the physician suspects its possibility .
on 1 ... | bronchial rupture is a rare and serious complication of blunt chest trauma , which can be easily overlooked on initial evaluation in the emergency room ( er ) as the focus of the attending physician is diverted to more obvious external injuries which may not be of much significance .
we present one such patient refer... |
type 2 diabetes arises when beta cells produce insufficient insulin to meet the increased hormone demand , caused by insulin resistance .
impaired insulin plasma level is the consequence of reduced capacity for secreting insulin in response to nutrients and insufficient beta cells number .
lifestyle changes togethe... | elevation of the dietary saturated fatty acid palmitate contributes to the reduction of functional beta cell mass in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes .
the diabetogenic effect of palmitate is achieved by increasing beta cell death through induction of the endoplasmic reticulum ( er ) stress markers including activ... |
a 71-year - old woman presented with pain of the right knee with 2 year duration .
she had been involved in a slip down and sustained right femur shaft fracture 3 years earlier , as well as a left femur shaft fracture 5 years ago .
preoperative radiographs of the right knee in the anteroposterior and lateral views ... | proper ligament balancing , restoration of the mechanical axis and component alignment are essential for the success and longevity of a prosthesis . in conventional total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) , an intramedullary guide is used to improve the alignment .
an extramedullary guide can be used in cases of severe femor... |
animals : female and male c57bl/6n mice were purchased from japan slc , inc .
the animals used for the experiments were bred in a
laboratory at the department of animal science at kobe university , under a 12-hr light / dark
cycle at 2124c and 4060% humidity . a laboratory diet ( lab mr stock ;
nihon nosan co. ... | dioxins are widespread persistent environmental contaminants with adverse
impacts on humans and experimental animals .
behavioral and cognitive functions are
impaired by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo - p - dioxin ( tcdd ) exposure .
tcdd
exerts its toxicity via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( ahr ) , a ligand - ... |
during the last years the research in the restorative - prosthodontic field has led to the development to post - and - core metal free system for the post - endodontic treated teeth .
the use of reinforced fiber posts has showed excellent performance in many studies due to its elastic modulus similar to teeth 's dent... | aim .
purpose of the present paper is to analyze the efficiency of different post - space irrigation protocols .
methods .
28 single rooted teeth were endodontically treated .
after post - space preparation every sample was assigned to one of three experimental groups and to one control group . in each group
... |
the term quality of life ( qol ) has been used in a variety of different ways to characterize our daily life .
quality of life is a crucial expression of individual wellbeing and a valuable goal for societies .
it is a multidimensional concept , affected in complex ways by a person s physical health , psychological... | background : limited studies have examined the relationship between quality of life and lifestyle behaviors . the purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of quality of life among young iranian women and its association with lifestyle behaviors.methods:this cross - sectional study was conducted among 391 you... |
the thyroid elements may be benign or malignant in histology , the latter most commonly appearing as papillary and less frequently follicular thyroid - type carcinoma .
extra - ovarian spread of struma ovarii is rare , but when it does occur , it is usually intra - abdominal and the majority of cases are diagnosed po... | a 70-year - old female patient presented to her primary care doctor with persistent elevated alkaline phosphatase of suspected metastatic etiology .
computed tomography demonstrated epicardial and peritoneal nodules .
biopsy of one of the peritoneal nodules revealed thyroid tissue and extraovarian struma ovarii was... |
tremor is a common movement disorder that can interfere with daily living and impair the quality of life9 ) .
medical treatment may help relieve the symptoms , but many patients either become unresponsive to the medication or suffer side effects from the medication .
ventralis intermedius ( vim ) nucleus of the tha... | objectivetremor is a common movement disorder that interferes with daily living .
since the medication for tremor has some limitations , surgical intervention is needed in many patients . in certain patients who can not undergo aggressive surgical intervention , gamma knife thalamotomy ( gkt )
is a safe and effecti... |
parry - romberg syndrome ( prs ) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder of unknown origin first described by parry in 1825 and romberg in 1846 .
it is characterized by progressive facial hemiatrophy of the skin , subcutaneous tissue and sometimes the adjacent craniofacial bones , sparing facial muscles , that affects main... | parry - romberg syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous disorder of unknown origin .
it is characterized by progressive facial hemiatrophy and frequently overlaps with a condition known as linear scleroderma en coup de sabre. neurological involvement is frequently described in these patients , including migraine , facial ... |
biologically functional proteins and/or protein domains / regions that appear to exist as an ensemble of reversible conformers with only little or no well defined secondary / tertiary structures , and are being recognized to contain amino acid sequences that fail to automatically fold into their fully compact functiona... | a number of proteins with intrinsically disordered ( i d ) regions / domains are reported to be found disproportionately higher in transcription factors .
available evidences suggest that presence of i d region / domain within a transcription factor plays an important role in its biological functions .
these i d se... |
lap - protector was developed as a safe and useful device that may help to prevent infections and cancer cell contamination of minilaparotomy wounds .
we applied this device to the gastric anterior wall of the incision in the first step of surgical transgastric cystogastrostomy for a patient with an infected pancreat... | lap - protector , which is an abdominal wall sealing device , is usually used for wound protection from implantation of malignant cells or pyogenic fluid .
a circular stapler is a common easy - to - use device for anastomosis of the digestive tract .
we report the case of an infected pancreatic pseudocyst which was... |
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