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diabetes mellitus ( dm ) has emerged as one of the major global health problems and a heavy burden for all healthcare systems .
current predictions estimate that by 2025 more than 480 million people globally will have an altered glucose tolerance and 380 million will have developed type 2 diabetes . among diabetic co... | diabetic nephropathy ( dn ) is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus ( dm ) , leads to chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) , and , ultimately , is the main cause for end - stage kidney disease ( eskd ) . beyond urinary albumin , no reliable biomarkers are available for accurate early diagnostics .
urinary ex... |
pyloric stenosis ( ps ) is one of the most common surgical conditions affecting infants with an incidence of approximately 0.9%5.1% per 1,000 live births , generally presenting prior to 3 months of life.1,2 since the end of the 19th century , surgical intervention has been the primary treatment with first open and then... | backgroundduring the perioperative care of infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis , an opioid - sparing technique is often advocated due to concerns such as postoperative hypoventilation and apnea .
although the rectal administration of acetaminophen is commonly employed , an intravenous ( iv ) preparation is als... |
in late august 2003 , local , state , and federal health officials began an investigation to determine the risk factors associated with an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis and to develop interventions to control it .
the epidemiologic investigation resulted in 96 laboratory - confirmed cases of cryptosporidium infection... | in august 2003 , a communitywide outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in kansas .
we conducted a case - control study to assess risk factors associated with cryptosporidium infection by using the telephone survey infrastructure of the behavioral risk factor surveillance system .
using existing state - based infra... |
the internal globus pallidus ( gpi ) and substantia nigra pars reticulata ( snr ) are the basal ganglia ( bg ) output nuclei . besides projecting to the thalamus to form the cortico - bg loops ( chevalier et al . , 1985 ;
smith and bolam , 1989 ; alexander and crutcher , 1990 ; delong , 1990 ; smith et al .
, 1998 ... | previous work has shown the functions associated with activation of dopamine presynaptic receptors in some substantia nigra pars reticulata ( snr ) afferents : ( i ) striatonigral terminals ( direct pathway ) posses presynaptic dopamine d1-class receptors whose action is to enhance inhibitory postsynaptic currents ( ip... |
though , the advantages of central venous catheter ( cvc ) placement outweigh the disadvantages significant risks are associated with the insertion and maintenance of a cvc .
we report an unusual complication of cvc , discovered during thoracotomy , which possibly goes unnoticed in an unknown number of patients .
a... | we report an uncommon complication of subclavian central venous catheterization , discovered at thoracotomy .
the central venous catheter ( cvc ) was placed by left infraclavicular route after induction of general anesthesia .
cvc was secured after aspiration of blood and satisfactory central venous tracing .
on ... |
vascular endothelial growth factor ( vegf ) and its receptors are thought to play a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis .
bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to block vegf - a and has proved to be effective in colorectal cancer , nonsmall cell lung cancer , renal cell carcinoma , ovarian carcinoma ... | background .
randomized studies have shown different magnitude of bevacizumab benefit in the treatment of advanced breast cancer .
regulatory agencies have modified bevacizumab treatment indications across different regions . in this study
, we perform a meta - analysis of phase iii studies aiming to interrogate ... |
in a remarkable number of patients suffering from low back pain ( lbp ) , a specific physiological or structural abnormality can not be found .
although implementation of imaging strategies aids to exclude serious underlying mechanical etiologies of lbp , this complaint in majority of cases might be associated with t... | in the current study , the overall prevalence and the main underlying etiologies of inflammatory low back pain ( ilbp ) were determined , and the effectiveness of treatment with sulfasalazine was investigated in patients with inflammatory versus mechanical low back pain ( lbp ) . in a prospective study conducted from j... |
achalasia cardia is a primary motility disorder of the esophagus characterized by aperistalsis of the body of the esophagus and failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter ( les ) appropriately in response to swallowing.1 it is a chronic , benign disease of unknown etiology and is a common cause of dysphagi... | achalasia cardia is a neuromuscular disorder of unknown etiology involving the body of the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter ( les ) .
it is characterized by aperistalsis of the body of the esophagus and failure of relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter .
it usually affects patients between the ages of 30 ... |
three - dimensional ( 3d ) computer reconstruction of a target volume
or of a surface is an important activity in modern biomedical imaging .
the
accurate anatomical reconstruction in trauma or for use in image - guided
intervention relies on mathematical imaging technology ; and this paper develops
the mathe... | determining the outline or boundary contour of a two - dimensional object , or the surface of a
three - dimensional object poses difficulties particularly when there is substantial measurement noise or uncertainty . by adapting the mathematical approach of stochastic function recovery to this task ,
it is possible... |
in a recent article for critical care link and colleagues reported that the reversible platelet glycoprotein iib / iiia antagonist tirofiban may prevent platelet activation and preserves platelet numbers during continuous venovenous haemodialysis in patients with cardiogenic shock .
acute kidney failure is a frequent... | link and colleagues present a pilot study investigating platelet function and platelet numbers in patients with cardiogenic shock and acute kidney failure undergoing continuous venovenous haemodialysis .
their data indicate a significantly reduced platelet loss with combined therapy of unfractionated heparin plus tir... |
children and adolescents with gerd usually have a history of vomiting and
spitting up as an infant .
if gerd is left untreated , it can lead to dysphagia , odynophagia , esophageal stricture , chronic hoarseness , laryngitis or respiratory problems such as coughing or reactive airway disease in children and non - c... | backgroundgastroesophageal reflux disease ( gerd ) is a common problem seen in pediatrics and adolescents .
the bravo ph monitoring system is a capsule that detects and quantifies the severity of reflux disease .
this test is also valuable for evaluation of patients with extra - gastrointestinal manifestations of g... |
muscle fatigue involved in inspiration , such as diaphragm muscle , external intercostal
muscle , or parasternal intercostal muscle , induces a shortness of breath resulting in
impaired exercise tolerance1 , 2 .
in addition , diminished respiratory muscle strength
results in the reduced efficiency of coughing t... | [ purpose ] the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of water immersion
at different water depths on respiratory function and the effect of inspiratory load
breathing ( ilb ) during water immersion at different water depths on respiratory muscle
strength evaluated by maximum inspiratory and exp... |
the underwater environment produces some pathophysiological problems due to the fast changing of its bounded pressure which may cause various illnesses that might be difficult to detect and treat .
our nervous system is an organ which is very sensitive to underwater pressure changes , and a damaged nervous system can... | background : there is not any data available about the effect of high bar pressure condition on intracranial pressure . in this study
, the effect of diving on the optic nerve and sheath diameters as non - invasive markers of intracranial pressure has been investigated .
methods : twenty professional male divers fr... |
it is usually controlled by cis - acting factors , such as au - rich elements ( ares ) in the 3utr , and transacting factors , such as rna - binding proteins , mirna , and ribonucleases ( reviewed in refs .
traditionally , the 3utr has been viewed as the region most recognized by rna - binding proteins such as triste... | uu and ua dinucleotides are rare in mammalian genes and may offer natural selection against endoribonuclease - mediated mrna decay .
this study hypothesized that reducing uu and ua ( uw ) dinucleotides in the mrna - coding sequence , including the codons and the dicodon boundaries , may promote resistance to mrna dec... |
patients fulfilling criteria for ftd were consecutively recruited from the centre for aging brain and neurodegenerative disorders , university of brescia , italy , from december 2001 to july 2014 .
all patients underwent somatic and neurologic evaluation , routine laboratory examination , and a complete mental status... | objective : in this study , we evaluated whether variations within genes specifically associated with dyslexia , namely kiaa0319 , dcdc2 , and cntnap2 , were associated with greater damage of language - related regions in patients with frontotemporal dementia ( ftd ) and primary progressive aphasia ( ppa ) in particula... |
small cell carcinoma is a malignancy that occurs mainly in the lung , and primary lesions in the head and neck are very rare .
extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma ( epscc ) shows a fair response to either chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy , similar to small cell lung carcinoma ( sclc ) ; however , poor prognosis has ... | we report a rare case of extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma arising in the palatine tonsil treated by combined chemotherapy with irinotecan / cisplatin following irradiation therapy .
this chemotherapy regimen was recently found to be effective for small cell lung carcinoma .
our case is the first report of combin... |
hiv is a preventable chronic , life - threatening illness affecting fetal and maternal health , increasing both morbidity and mortality in both infected and noninfected children worldwide [ 13 ] .
given the lack of an effective vaccine and the complexity of life - long treatment , prevention of maternal to child tran... | recent studies suggest that acquisition of hiv-1 infection during pregnancy and breastfeeding is associated with a high risk of hiv mother - to - child transmission .
this study evaluates risk factors associated with hiv acquisition during pregnancy in women delivering at a large metropolitan medical facility located... |
home care is a rapidly expanding and evolving industry . as levit and her colleagues highlight , home health is the fastest growing component of medicare expenditures . medicare spending on the home health benefit has grown from $ 2.12 billion in 1988 to $ 10.5 billion in 1993 and is projected to exceed $ 22 billion by... | this overview discusses articles published in this issue of the health care financing review , entitled issues in reforming home health care .
articles focus on basic policy issues in the financing and delivery of home care services , illustrate how research provides insights into these issues , and report on some r... |
ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women , with an estimated 150 000 annual deaths worldwide .
however , due to the unspecific and inconspicuous symptoms in the early stage of ovarian cancer , there are no effective and accurate detection methods for this disease . moreover , although the ... | backgroundadiponectin receptor-1 ( adipor1 ) has been reported to be associated with the risk of obesity - associated malignancies , including epithelial ovarian cancer ( eoc ) .
the aim of this study was to determine if adipor1 could serve as a prognosis indicator for patients with eoc.material/methodsin this study ... |
male sd rats ( simonsen laboratories , gilroy , ca ) were housed individually and maintained on a 12-h light / dark cycle ( lights on at 0600 h ) with ad libitum access to pelleted rodent food ( f6 diet ; harlan teklad , madison , wi ) and tap water .
all experimental procedures were approved by the washington state ... | objectiveto examine the role of amp - activated protein kinase ( ampk ) in the control of glucoprivic feeding by hindbrain catecholamine neurons.research design and methodsmicropunched hindbrain samples were collected from control and 2-deoxy - d - glucose ( 2dg)-injected rats for western blot analysis of phosphorylate... |
reports have described the increasing use of endoscopic ultrasound - guided hepaticogastrostomy ( eus - hg ) to treat malignant biliary obstruction in patients with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp ) failure . however , a previous review article noted that despite its high success rate , eus - hg i... | background and study aims : an iincreasing number of reports describe endoscopic ultrasound - guided hepaticogastrostomy for malignant biliary obstruction in patients with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography failure .
however , this procedure has not yet been standardized ; as a result , the rate of advers... |
consumer - directed healthcare ( cdhc ) is center stage in health policy debates . many politicians and corporate leaders hope that high deductible health insurance policies will cut costs by coaxing people to think twice before visiting the emergency department ( ed ) , drug store , or mri suite .
the basic idea is ... | many politicians and business leaders are advocating high deductible health insurance plans linked with health savings accounts so - called consumer - directed healthcare .
these policies penalize the sick , discourage needed care ( especially primary and preventive care ) , and direct tax subsidies towards the weal... |
chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis ( crmo ) , a disorder that primarily affects children and adolescents , is characterized by episodic osseous pain over several years .
crmo is an idiopathic , aseptic , auto - inflammatory disease with no uniformly effective treatment .
the long bones of the lower extremit... | abstractan 11-year - old boy was diagnosed with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis ( crmo ) and presented with right sacro - femoral and occipital lesions .
initially , a tumor was suspected . however , the bone biopsy showed osteomyelitis with a negative bacterial culture .
bone scintigraphy revealed infla... |
the increasing number of road traffic accidents in our country has made it extremely difficult to analyze the exact reported incidence of mortality and morbidity due to airway and facial trauma .
the incidence of maxillofacial trauma and airway involvement as a result of roadside accidents is quite varied and an appr... | background and objectives : maxillofacial trauma is commonly associated with other injuries , predominantly head injuries .
the predictors of outcome in such concomitant injuries have been studied the least .
the present study aims at the evaluation of types of injury , management and outcome of patients sustaining... |
we developed and followed a standardized protocol to do this meta - analysis in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta - analyses ( prisma ) guidelines.28 two investigators ( x.l .
independently conducted literature searches of medline , embase , and the cochrane central regist... | backgroundguidelines recommend exercise for cardiovascular health , although evidence from trials linking exercise to cardiovascular health through intermediate biomarkers remains inconsistent .
we performed a meta - analysis of randomized controlled trials to quantify the impact of exercise on cardiorespiratory fitn... |
exercise physiology and the salutatory effects on weight loss , fat reduction , and insulin sensitivity have been described in great detail .
these beneficial effects are now considered to reflect , at least in part , the effect of exercise on the activation of amp - activated protein kinase ( ampk ) . in obese non -... | we review the current concepts about energy expenditure and evaluate the physical activity ( pha ) in the context of this knowledge and the available literature .
regular pha is correlated with low body weight and low body fat mass .
the negative fat balance is probably secondary to this negative energy balance .
... |
bovine ( bam ) and rat ( ram ) alveolar macrophages were incubated in vitro with dq12 quartz or uicc chrysotile asbestos either alone or in the presence of dipalmitoyl lecithin ( dpl ) . the reaction of the cells of both species to the untreated dust particles was similar qualitatively and quantitatively , with a loss ... | |
antigen - activated cd4 t cells differentiate into either th1 or th2 cells , producing proinflammatory or proallergic cytokines , respectively .
the best understood mode of regulating th cell differentiation is the cytokine environment during primary t cell activation , with il-12 associated with th1 development and ... | although interleukin ( il)-12 and il-4 polarize naive cd4 + t cells toward t helper cell type 1 ( th1 ) or th2 phenotypes , it is not known whether cytokines instruct the developmental fate in uncommitted progenitors or select for outgrowth of cells that have stochastically committed to a particular fate . to distingui... |
in the united states nearly 40,000 deaths are attributed to metastatic breast cancer ( mbc ) annually .
once breast cancer has metastasized it is usually fatal ; however , intensive research into the causes of breast cancer and the development of an array of effective targeted therapeutics has improved survival for t... | circulating tumor cells ( ctcs ) were discovered nearly 150 years ago but have only recently been recognized as a feature of most solid tumors due to their extremely low concentration in the peripheral circulation .
several technologies have been developed to isolate and analyze ctcs , which can now be routinely acce... |
a 56-year - old man was hospitalized because of pain and numbness in his left hand since he slipped a week earlier .
, we found that the motor and sensory functions of his left hand were normal .
his laboratory data , including anti nuclear antibody , anti - neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody , and rheumatoid arthriti... | floating thrombi in the aortic arch are very rare and an unusual source of systemic embolism . herein , a case of a 3-cm thrombus in the aortic arch is reported .
it was a floating , highly mobile thrombus attached to the lesser curvature of the aortic arch .
the patients had a hypercoagulable disorder induced by p... |
a 17-year - old healthy male was seen with complaints of
painless swelling over the left eye for the past four weeks .
the
rest of the systemic and ocular history was not significant .
on examination
his vision was 20/20 both eyes . on slit - lamp
examination there was erythematous , subconjunctival nodular... | rosai - dorfman disease is a rare idiopathic disorder characterized
by painless lymphadenopathy with cervical involvement in
more than 80% cases .
we report a case of rosai - dorfman disease
presenting as an isolated epibulbar mass in a healthy young adult
male .
epibulbar involvement in rosai - dorfman dis... |
idiopathic granulomatous mastitis ( igm ) is an uncommon disease which usually arises in premenopausal women shortly after their last childbirth .
its etiology is unclear , however , breast - feeding and the use of oral contraceptives could exert an influence in its pathogenesis .
very often clinical and radiologic... | granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign inflammatory disease of the breast with multiple etiologies such as tuberculosis , sarcoidosis , foreign body reaction , and mycotic and parasitic infections .
in contrast , idiopathic granulomatous mastitis ( igm ) is characterized by the presence of chronic granulomatous lobu... |
scapular spine stress fractures are uncommon following cuff tear arthropathy , there are only six reported cases in the english literature .
management of these fractures remains a challenge because of poor bone quality and persistent deforming force at the fracture site .
management of these fractures can be conse... | we report a case of bilateral scapular spine stress fracture , treated conservatively on one side and operatively on the other side . besides , we performed a literature review to establish management options .
a 61-year - old right - handed gentleman came to our clinic with acute on chronic deterioration of shoulder... |
pathways of gene silencing and small regulatory rnas such as mirnas ( micrornas ) and sirnas ( short interfering rnas ) are widespread in almost all eukaryotic organisms [ 1 , 2 ] . these pathways are known to act in development , heterochromatin formation , regulation of gene expression at transcription , posttranscri... | argonaute protein family is the key players in pathways of gene silencing and small regulatory rnas in different organisms .
argonaute proteins can bind small noncoding rnas and control protein synthesis , affect messenger rna stability , and even participate in the production of new forms of small rnas .
the aim o... |
preparation of hard tissues for the insertion of dental implants is usually performed by drilling at high - speed with irrigation .
recently , a new concept of low - speed drilling ( 50 rpm ) without irrigation was suggested as an alternative to the conventional procedure123 .
the low - speed drilling has several a... | objectivesin this study we evaluated heat generation during the low - speed drilling procedure without irrigation.materials and methodsten artificial bone blocks that were similar to human d1 bone were used in this study .
the baseline temperature was 37.0. we drilled into 5 artificial bone blocks 60 times at the spe... |
a 66-year - old japanese woman was referred to us with a 6-month history of decreased vision and metamorphopsia in the left eye . visual acuity was 20 / 16 for the right eye and 20 / 32 for the left eye .
fundus examination showed mild epiretinal membrane in the macula of the right eye , and an elevated , oval , 1-di... | it has been reported that pulsations in abnormal vessels are observed on indocyanine green ( icg ) angiography in half of patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy ( pcv ) , although the mechanism of the pulsation is unknown . in this study
, we report a case of pcv showing venous pulsations at an arterio - ven... |
autophagy is generally considered to be a cell survival mechanism and may also contribute to cell death , depending on its various biological contexts.sphingolipids were first discovered in brain extracts in 1876 , and within a century of intensive research , the chemical structures of thousands of individual sphingoli... | the autophagic process involves encompassing damaged proteins and organelles within double- or multi - membraned structures and delivering these molecules to the lytic compartments of vacuoles .
sphingolipids ( sls ) , which are ubiquitous membrane lipids in eukaryotes , participate in the generation of various membr... |
periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of tooth - supporting tissues .
the progression of periodontal destruction involves complex interaction between periodontal bacteria and cells of immune system .
the complex cytokine network that mediates the immune response... | objectives : statins are the group of lipid - lowering drugs commonly used to control cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases .
statins have potential anti - inflammatory effect by blocking the intermediate metabolites of the mevalonate pathway .
the objective of this study was to evaluate the anti - inflammato... |
minimally invasive surgical ( mis ) total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) was developed to facilitate early and intermediate - term rehabilitation .
mis generally includes reduced length of skin incision , less invasive arthrotomy , avoidance of tibiofemoral dislocation or hyperflexion , and use of special cutting block... | purposeprevious studies dealing with gait after minimally invasive surgery ( mis ) total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) are rare and insufficient .
it was the purpose of the study to determine in a prospective , comparative setting whether mis influences the outcome of tka in terms of typical 3d gait parameters.methodspat... |
cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy ( cadasil ) is a systemic arteriopathy due to missense mutations of notch3 gene .
earlyonset ischemic strokes and vascular dementia are the main clinical features . migraine , psychiatric disorders , and epileptic seizures are ... | key clinical messagedespite transient global amnesia is considered unusual in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy ( cadasil ) and causal relation is still unclear , this report suggests to consider cadasil in those patients with recurrent transient global amnesia ,... |
however , metastatic disease can arise in approximately 20%30% of patients and accounts for over 28,000 deaths a year in the united states.1 androgen - deprivation therapy ( adt ) has been the standard treatment for advanced and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma for decades and is achieved by medical castration ( lute... | introductionenzalutamide is an oral androgen receptor ( ar ) signaling inhibitor that was specifically engineered to overcome castration - resistant prostate cancer ( crpc ) harboring ar amplification or overexpression .
enzalutamide has demonstrated significant activity in men with metastatic crpc.aimsto update the ... |
more than 50% of individuals with voice disorders have benign alterations of the vocal fold mucosa .
polyps are one of the most frequent vocal cord lesions and are the most prevalent indication for laryngeal microsurgery . like nodules ,
polyps are caused by overuse and abuse of the voice1 , although they may also ... | summary
introduction : dysphonia is the main symptom of lesions that affect the vocal tract . many of those lesions may require surgical treatment . polyps are one of the most common forms of vocal cord lesions and the most prevalent indication for laryngeal microsurgery .
there are different types of polyps , and... |
irrigation has been recognized to have been playing a crucial role in addressing the central challenges caused by food insecurity and rainfall uncertainty .
it offers more yield assurance than rainfed agriculture and tends to improve the quality and value of crop yields .
it is also often the key to successful comm... | assessment of soil erosion and sediment yield in furrow irrigation is limited in samaru - zaria .
data was collected in 2009 and 2010 and was used to develop a dimensionless model for predicting furrow irrigation - induced erosion ( fiie ) using the dimensional analyses approach considering stream size , furrow lengt... |
amalgam is a restorative material especially suitable for classes i and ii restorations in teeth that encounter heavy chewing forces .
the advantages of amalgam restorations include resistance to wear , tolerance to a wide range of clinical placement conditions , and excellent load - bearing properties [ 13 ] . howev... | replacement of dental restorations has been the traditional treatment for defective restorations .
this five - year prospective clinical trial evaluated amalgam restorations with localized defects that were treated by means of repair or refurbishing .
fifty - two patients ( 50% female and 50% male , mean age 28.3 ... |
improvements in the mechanical properties of composite resins and esthetic needs have brought about an increase in the application of these materials . weak bonding to dentin surface remains , however , is deemed as one of the major problems of composite resin restorations especially in gingival floor of cavities .
a... | aim : to evaluate bond strength between rmgi and composite using different adhesive systems and curing techniques.materials and methods : sixty prepared samples of rmgi were randomly divided into six groups according to adhesive systems ( total - etch , two - step self - etch and all - in - one ) and curing techniques ... |
advances in chemotherapy and radiotherapy have altered the natural course of disease in patients with systemic cancer , who now live longer than ever before . on the downside , prolonged survival has led to increased incidence of distant spread of disease , leptomeningeal metastasis being one such dreaded complication ... | abstractprimary malignant tumours arising from the meninges are distinctly uncommon , and when they occur , they are usually sarcomas .
in contrast , metastatic meningeal involvement is increasingly seen as advances in cancer therapy have changed the natural history of malignant disease and prolonged the life span of... |
g protein - coupled receptors ( gpcrs ) compose the largest family of membrane - bound receptors and many members still have unrevealed functions .
efforts have been made to find ligands for gpcrs , and a broad range of ligands , including small organic compounds [ 1 , 2 ] , eicosanoids , peptides , and proteins , ha... | mas - related g - protein coupled receptor member d ( mrgprd ) is a g protein - coupled receptor ( gpcr ) which belongs to the mas - related gpcrs expressed in the dorsal root ganglia ( drg ) . in this study , we investigated two novel ligands in addition to beta - alanine : ( 1 ) beta - aminoisobutyric acid , a physio... |
chronic infection with hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) results in an estimated 786 000 deaths annually worldwide 1 .
infected individuals may remain asymptomatic for long periods but are at risk of progressive liver disease , and can transmit the virus to other susceptible individuals .
the primary marker for screening ... | early identification of chronic hepatitis b is important for optimal disease management and prevention of transmission .
cost and lack of access to commercial hepatitis b surface antigen ( hbsag ) immunoassays can compromise the effectiveness of hbv screening in resource - limited settings and among marginalized popu... |
a 68-year - old man initially presented with a one - month history of cough , heartburn , and episodes of nocturnal regurgitation .
eight months prior to presentation , he had undergone lagb for class iii obesity with a body mass index ( bmi ) of 41 kg / m .
preoperatively , he had radiographic evidence of a small ... | laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding ( lagb ) is an increasingly common therapeutic option in the management of obesity and certain obesity - related comorbid conditions .
as it gains popularity for its advantages of being minimally invasive and reversible , clinicians should be aware of growing evidence of esopha... |
large scale trials with insecticide treated bed nets ( itns ) have been shown to have a profound impact on reducing malaria transmission in experimental trials in sub - saharan africa and were recommended for large scale operations .
however , this tool did not become practical before the first long lasting insectici... | we studied the effect on malaria incidence , mosquito abundance , net efficacy , net use rate , chemical analysis , and holes of a long lasting insecticide treated bed net ( netprotect ) in western kenya , 20072010 .
nets were hung in 150 households 6 months before they were hung in a second , 2 km away .
indoor r... |
this lethal variant results from the inheritance of an autosomal recessive gene and causes abnormal development of cartilage and fibrous connective tissues .
these features are broad , long - bone metaphyses ( dumbbell shaped ) and shortened ribs with pear - shaped vertebral bodies .
we report a case of fibrochondr... | fibrochondrogenesis is a rare , neonatally lethal osteochondrodysplasia , with autosomal recessive inheritance .
it differs from other lethal dwarfisms in that it leads to broad , long - bone metaphyses ( dumb - bell shaped ) and pear - shaped vertebral bodies .
we report a case of fibrochondrogenesis with severe p... |
matrix metalloproteinases ( mmps ) are zinc - dependent proteases that are involved not only in the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix but also in processing bioactive molecules , including cell surface receptors , neurotrophic factors , chemokines , and cytokines ( kim and joh , 2012 ) .
mmps are... | background : inflammatory processes could underlie mood disorders . matrix metalloproteinases ( mmps ) and tissue inhibitors of mmps ( timp ) are inflammation - related molecules .
the current study sought an association between mood disorders and systemic levels of mmps and timps.methods:serum was obtained from pati... |
acute subdural hemorrhage requires emergent neurosurgery or close observation because of its high mortality rate .
a number of cases who showed rapid resolution of acute subdural hemorrhage with neurological improvements have been reported2,6,7 ) .
herein , we present a case who showed rapid resolution of acute sub... | acute subdural hematoma is usually a neurological emergency that requires hematoma evacuation or close observation .
however , spontaneous resolutions of an acute subdural hematoma without surgical interventions have been reported rarely .
we report on a case who showed rapid resolution of an acute subdural hematom... |
the study was conducted in 3 communities in ghana : kwamang ( population 8,000 ) , forikrom ( population 3,800 ) , and buoyem ( population 3,900 ) .
kwamang is part of the ashanti province ; buoyem and forikrom are in brong ahafo province ( figure 1 ) .
ethics approval was obtained from the committee for human rese... | because some bats host viruses with zoonotic potential , we investigated human
bat interactions in rural ghana during 20112012 .
nearly half ( 46.6% ) of respondents regularly visited bat caves ; 37.4% had been bitten , scratched , or exposed to bat urine ; and 45.6% ate bat meat .
human bat interactions in rura... |
in recent times in some occupations work in static sedentary postures for long hours in
order to perform the tasks required of them .
this can cause continuous muscle contraction in
the neck and shoulders , which subsequently leads most people to adopt a forward head posture
( fhp ) in which their chins stick o... | [ purpose ] this study investigated the effects of forward head posture on forced vital
capacity and deep breathing . [ subjects ] twenty - six subjects , divided into the two groups
( normal and forward head posture groups ) , participated in this study .
[ methods ] forced
vital capacity and forced expiratory... |
older adults with a range of comorbidities are often prescribed multiple medications , some of which may impact on their function and cognition , and many have a potential for drug interactions.1 studies showing evidence of benefit from pharmacotherapy have mostly been conducted in younger patients , and it is unclear ... | backgroundolder adults with a range of comorbidities are often prescribed multiple medications , which may impact on their function and cognition and increase the potential for drug interactions and adverse events.aimsthis study investigated the extent of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications in patien... |
oxidative stress tends to occur during the neonatal period because the younger the gestational age , the lower the antioxidant capacity ( ac ) and a lower ac tends to result in an increase in free radicals ( fr ) and reactive oxygen species ( ros ) .
cell damage due to oxidative stress during the neonatal period has ... | this study aimed to consider the significance of breast milk in preventing oxidative stress by comparing total antioxidant capacity ( tac ) in breast milk and formula milk for premature infants , demonstrating the relationship between tac in breast milk and postnatal age in days .
we used the biological anti - oxidan... |
a 42-year - old man with hcv was referred to our hospital in august 2004 because of diarrhea and bloody stool .
ten years before admission , he had been diagnosed with total uc endoscopically and histologically .
colonoscopic examination revealed reddish and edematous mucosa with multiple erosions through the entir... | a 42-year - old man with chronic hepatitis c and ulcerative colitis ( uc ) was referred to our hospital in august 2004 because of bloody diarrhea .
he was clinically and endoscopically diagnosed with flare of uc .
after informed consent had been obtained , he was treated with peg - ifn--2a .
four weeks after init... |
abdominopelvic fluid collection and abscess management and the outcomes have improved in the recent years due to innovation of the image - guided drainage technique and improvement of surgical procedures ( 1 ) .
percutaneous drainage ( pcd ) of abdominopelvic abscess or fluid collection has become an alternative for ... | background : abdominopelvic fluid collection and abscess management and their outcomes have improved in the recent years due to innovation of the image - guided drainage technique and improvement of surgical proceduresobjectives : this study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of ct - guided percutaneous drainage i... |
presentations at international scientific conferences such as ics and iuga are the most important route for early dissemination and discussion of research findings . indeed for many studies that never reach full text publication , and in many regions where access to health care publications is limited
, the conferenc... | introductionthis article aims to condense the lectures and discussions from workshops on good reporting at iuga como 2009 and ics san francisco 2009 , providing practical advice for the novice researcher summarising their data for the first time.conclusionsdrafting an abstract can be a time consuming process .
formal... |
developmental dental disorders may be due to abnormalities in the differentiation of the dental lamina and the tooth germs ( anomalies in number , size and shape ) or to abnormalities in the formation of the dental hard tissues ( anomalies in structure ) . in some , both stages of differentiation are abnormal .
devel... | geminated teeth are the consequences of developmental anomalies leading to the eruption of joined elements .
according to current definitions , gemination occurs when one tooth bud tries to divide , while fusion occurs if two buds unite .
clinical experience shows , however that diagnosis can be complicated due to ... |
absorption , distribution , metabolism , and elimination ( adme ) studies in drug discovery have always played a critical role in optimizing the drug - like properties of new chemical entities ( nce ) and increased their probability of success in subsequent stages of the drug discovery process . in order to provide th... | background : a rapid and comprehensive metabolic stability screen at the top of a drug discovery flow chart serves as an effective gate in eliminating low value compounds .
this imparts a significant level of efficiency and saves valuable resources . while microsomes are amenable to high throughput automation and are... |
there is a growing interest in using propofol for sedation in endoscopic procedures.14 propofol is commonly used as an anesthetic agent in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp ) .
it is a fast - acting drug with a short half - life that results in rapid recovery .
it also has a favorable pharmacoki... | introductionmoderate to deep sedation is generally used for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp ) .
the depth of sedation is usually judged by clinical assessment and electroencephalography - guided monitoring .
the aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of clinical assessment and ... |
sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ( sos ) is a severe adverse event of long - term chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer .
in contrast , it sometimes appears as a liver mass occurring with local parenchymal hemorrhaging , and is often misdiagnosed as liver metastasis .
a 40-year - old woman with rectal canc... | introductionsinusoidal obstruction syndrome ( sos ) is a severe adverse event of long - term chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer .
it usually develops as liver congestion due to diffuse microscopic obstruction in liver parenchyma .
in contrast , it sometimes appears as a liver mass occurring with local ... |
bladder cancer has a complex etiopathogenesis dependent on various factors : chemical carcinogens ( smoking , professional exposure : industry carcinogens ) , diet ( artificial sweeteners , coffee consumption and meat consumption , total fluid intake ) , previous treatments ( pelvic radiation , drug abuse , chronic tre... | bladder cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide , derived from the urothelium of the urinary bladder and defined by long asymptomatic and atypical clinical picture .
its complex etiopathogenesis is dependent on numerous risk factors that can be divided into three distinct categories : gene... |
tennis elbow ( te ) is not an inflammation of the outside portion of the elbow but rather is
the degeneration of the extensor tendon of the humeral lateral epicondyle ( le ) due to
microscopic injuries .
common symptoms include pain , tenderness over the le , pain upon
gripping , and dorsiflexion against resist... | [ purpose ] this study compared the analgesic effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy
with those of ultrasound therapy in patients with chronic tennis elbow . [ subjects ] fifty
patients with tennis elbow were randomized to receive extracorporeal shock wave therapy or
ultrasound therapy . [ methods ] the ext... |
chest pain accounts for approximately 56 million emergency department ( ed ) visits and 1 in every 50 outpatient visits in the united states , ultimately costing more than $ 6 billion dollars in annual healthcare costs .
while a majority of presentations for chest pain are ultimately deemed non - cardiac in origin , ... | the detection and quantification of coronary artery calcification ( cac ) significantly improves cardiovascular risk prediction in asymptomatic patients .
many have advocated for expanded cac testing in symptomatic patients based on data demonstrating that the absence of quantifiable cac in patients with possible ang... |
a flow diagram of the algorithm is shown in figure
1
. to implement this procedure for a given model
it is necessary to define bounds for input parameters and model outputs ( e.g. , steady states or dynamic behavior ) .
if bounds can not be defined empirically , feasible ranges of parameter values can be assert... | quantitative systems pharmacology models mechanistically describe a biological system and the effect of drug treatment on system behavior .
because these models rarely are identifiable from the available data , the uncertainty in physiological parameters may be sampled to create alternative parameterizations of the m... |
in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) , a prevalent disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia , the function of -cells responsible for insulin secretion declines progressively together with increasing insulin resistance in target cells .
treatment options for t2 dm include oral antidiabetes drugs ( eg , the bigu... | colesevelam s glucose - lowering mechanism of action is not completely understood .
clinical trials of colesevelam suggest that its mechanism , and often adverse effects , differ from those of other oral antidiabetes drugs .
colesevelam does not affect insulin sensitivity ( unlike thiazolidinediones ) , insulin sec... |
glaucoma surgery is ripe for innovation . in the last few years , there has been a substantial increase in the number of devices approaching commercialization .
while not all that is new is necessarily good , the role of these devices in changing glaucoma surgery is equally important in terms of both success and fail... | |
currently , the combined prevalence of overweight ( bmi , body mass index 25
kg / m ) and obesity ( bmi 30 kg / m ) , defined by the world health organization ( who ) [ 1 , 2 ] , has ranged from approximately 50 to 65 percent in large samples of persons with ms [ 35 ] .
these estimates may not differ considerabl... | the accumulation of excess body weight may have important health and disease consequences for persons with multiple sclerosis ( ms ) .
this study examined the effect of weight status on mobility using a comprehensive set of mobility outcomes including ambulatory performance ( timed 25-foot walk , t25fw ; 6-minute wal... |
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) is a clinicopathological condition characterised by lipid deposition in the liver and is a common cause of liver dysfunction .
the prevalence of nafld in asian population ranges from 9% to 45% and is estimated to be about 30% in western population .
apart from an increas... | aim .
the present study was designed to evaluate the heart rate variability ( hrv ) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) and to assess the effect of grade of nafld and diabetic status on hrv .
methods .
this cross - sectional study included 75 subjects ( 25 nafld without diabetes , 25 nafld with diabetes... |
it is known that male breast cancer is extremely rare and obesity is a strong risk factor of breast cancer in both male and female . in general , the prognosis in breast cancer in males is known to be very poor compared to that in females as it tends to be more advanced stage due to delayed initial diagnosis . therefor... | |
gastric cancer is the second leading cause of death due to malignancy worldwide and occurs most frequently in the age group of 5070 years [ 13 ] .
however , over the past half century several studies have reported on the clinical and pathological features of gastric carcinoma in young adults in the range of 2%8% in d... | aim .
the aim of this study was to see the clinical , pathological , and demographic profile of young patients with stomach carcinoma besides association with p53 .
patients and methods . prospective study of young patients with stomach carcinoma from january 2005 to december 2009 .
a total of 50 patients with ag... |
although dualenergy xray absorptiometry ( dxa ) , computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) are considered reference methods for identifying low skeletal muscle mass in elderly persons and patients with chronic diseases , access to these instruments may be limited in clinical practice .
for this reas... | abstractas reference methods are not available for identifying low skeletal muscle mass in clinical practice , the european group on sarcopenia in older people the asian working group for sarcopenia and the international consensus for cancer cachexia guidelines accept bioelectrical impedance analysis ( bia ) as an opti... |
neurons can release small molecule neurotransmitters very rapidly in part because synaptic vesicles are docked to the membrane at active zones .
docked vesicles can immediately fuse with the plasma membrane ( zenisek et al . , 2000 ) in response to a single action potential ( borst and sakmann , 1996 ; sabatini and r... | docking to the plasma membrane prepares vesicles for rapid release . here
, we describe a mechanism for dense core vesicle docking in neurons . in
caenorhabditis elegans motor neurons , dense core vesicles dock at the plasma membrane but are excluded from active zones at synapses .
we have found that the calcium ... |
previously , we hypothesized that the development of cognitive processes provided such endowed animals with an additional coping strategy in dealing with stress .
this ability depends on a unifying consciousness appearing to control or regulate the many individual processes that potentially summate to make up the min... | cognitive ability did not appear de novo in humans . despite our ability to recognize limited cognitive behavioral characteristics in animals , there has been no outcry to proclaim this phenomenon .
the notion that humans are the only animals to possess cognition has taken advantage of the illusory potential in inter... |
acute respiratory tract infections ( artis ) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide[1 , 2 ] .
many viruses are associated with respiratory syndromes in all age groups[3 , 4 ] . however , inadequate diagnostic methods and unknown viral pathogens limit current understanding of arti etiolog... | objectivehuman metapneumovirus ( hmpv ) is a respiratory pathogen responsible for disease and subsequent hospitalizations in young children around the world .
the disease pathology , including how viral load correlates with respiratory disease severity , remains unclear .
this study investigated the correlation bet... |
hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection is a major health problem that affects almost 3% of the world 's population with a morbidity and mortality rates .
hepatitis c virus is a member of the hepacivirus genus of the flaviviridae family and the viral products ( core , e1 , e2 , ns2
, ns3 , ns4a , ns4b , ns5a , and ns5b... | background : gradual development of a useful vaccine can be the main point in the control and eradication of hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection .
hepatitis c virus envelope glycoproteins are considered as the main hcv vaccine candidate.objectives:in this study , the pichia pastoris expression system was used to expr... |
cd36 is a multifunctional signalling molecule with several known ligands , including thrombospondin-1 , long chain fatty acids and both native and atherogenic lipoproteins , including oxidised low - density and high - density lipoproteins ( reviewed in thorne et al . ) .
expressed on a variety of cells and tissues , ... | objective : elevated plasma levels of the fatty acid transporter , cd36 , have been shown to constitute a novel biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) .
we recently reported such circulating cd36 to be entirely associated with cellular microparticles ( mps ) and aim here to determine the absolute levels and... |
cytomegalovirus ( cmv ) a viral pathogen of herpesviridae , can cause serious disease in immunecompromise patients such as solid organ transplant recipients ( sotr ) . despite our comprehensive knowledge about its management
, cmv has been identified as the most frequently occurring complication , which affects morta... | background : cytomegalovirus ( cmv ) , a problematic virus in solid organ transplant recipients ( sotr ) such as liver , can worsen overall mortality and transplant outcome , so its prevention and treatment is a key of success in such patients .
this study is aimed to compare the efficacy of ganciclovir ( gcv ) and v... |
the presence of pancreatic tissue outside its normal localization and without anatomic and vascular continuity with the normal pancreas is termed heterotopic pancreas ( hp ) ; pancreatic rests , ectopic , aberrant , or accessory pancreas are the other terms to describe the entity .
hp may occur throughout the gastroi... | a 9-year - old boy presented with duodenal pancreatic rest causing obstruction and required surgical intervention .
he had been treated at the age of 4 months for a choledochal cyst .
both choledochal cyst and heterotopic pancreas are entities that are commonly encountered in children , but the incidental presence ... |
. the prediction of domains from sequence information can improve tertiary structure prediction ( 1 ) , enhance protein function annotation ( 2 ) , aid structure determination ( 3 ) and guide protein engineering ( 4 ) and mutagenesis ( 5 ) .
a number of different methods have been developed to identify domains starti... | protein domain prediction is important for protein structure prediction , structure determination , function annotation , mutagenesis analysis and protein engineering .
here we describe an accurate protein domain prediction server ( domac ) combining both template - based and ab initio methods .
the preliminary ver... |
strauss syndrome , is a non - inheritable and nontransmissible disease affecting medium and small vessels .
it is an autoimmune vasculitis leading to tissue necrosis with eosinophilia and eosinophil tissue infiltration .
egpa is accompanied by asthma and involves mainly the blood vessels of the lungs , gastrointest... | eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis ( egpa ) is a rare , autoimmune small and medium vessel vasculitis .
egpa is accompanied by asthma and involves mainly the blood vessels of the lungs , gastrointestinal system , and peripheral nerves ; however , the skin , kidneys , and heart may be also affected . to inv... |
diaphragmatic rupture is a very rare injury , which occurs in less than 2% of all blunt injuries to the abdominal area .
injury to the diaphragm is most commonly caused by a sudden change in intra - abdominal pressure , most commonly by a blunt blow to the abdominal area .
another cause of diaphragmatic rupture is ... | right - sided traumatic diaphragmatic rupture in childhood is a very rare injury .
diaphragmatic rupture often manifests itself later , after an organ progressively herniates into the pleural cavity .
when the patient is tubed , the ventilation pressure does not allow herniation of an organ , which occurs when the ... |
irritable bowel syndrome ( ibs ) is traditionally diagnosed using the rome diagnostic criteria , a symptom - based criteria standard , currently revised as the rome iv criteria.1 the rome iii criteria for ibs had a modest diagnostic ability with a sensitivity of 75% in primary care,2 and a sensitivity of 69% and specif... | traditionally , irritable bowel syndrome ( ibs ) has not been regarded as an organic disease , and the pathophysiology of ibs is heterogeneous . currently , the diagnosis of ibs is based upon the rome diagnostic criteria .
the performance of these criteria is only modest in predicting ibs , and moreover their validat... |
the most dreaded complication of kawasaki disease reported in the literature over the years is coronary artery disease , which is considered as the main cause of acquired heart disease .
we present a rare , if not unique , case of kawasaki disease associated with group a streptococcus pleural effusion in the english ... | backgroundkawasaki disease is an acute self - limiting vasculitis that affects children .
the most dreaded complication of kawasaki disease reported in the literature over the years is coronary artery disease , which is considered as the main cause of acquired heart disease .
however , pulmonary associations with k... |
abomasum is one of the most important sites for nematodes , which could be harmful to the health of infected animal and causes economic losses due to reduce weight gain and other production losses .
the prevalence of p. skrjabini in iran has been reported 4.2% in goat , 5.43% in sheep ( 1 , 2 ) , and 0.8% in wild she... | background : genomic dna was isolated from parabronema skrjabini .
rrna region was amplified and sequenced.methods:the rna secondary structure was predicted using mfold software (
http://mfold.rit.albany.edu
) .
the secondary structure with bulge , hairpins , helices , interior , external and multi loops was pr... |
pu - erh tea is a special tea species in china and has become one of the most popular beverages in southwestern china and southeast asian , owing to its special flavour properties and potential healthy benefits .
it is originated from yunnan province ( china ) through a special post - fermentative process , using cru... | a simutaneous distillation extraction ( sde ) combined gc method was constructed for determination of volatile flavor components in pu - erh tea samples .
dichloromethane and ethyl decylate was employed as organic phase in sde and internal standard in determination , respectively .
weakly polar db-5 column was used... |
the local inflammatory response and the anatomical features of the herniated disc and spinal canal determine the resultant clinical syndrome which may include low back pain , and sciatica with or without neurological deficit .
it has been estimated that about 80% of the western population would suffer some back pain ... | background : nucleoplasty ( percutaneous lumbar disc decompression ) is a minimally invasive procedure that utilizes radiofrequency energy as a treatment for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation , against open microdiscectomy , which would be the mainstay treatment modality .
the literature reports a favorable outcome ... |
although psa was once described as a variant of rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , it has been included in the group of spondyloarthropathies .
psa was first defined by moll and wright in 1973 in patients who were seronegative for rheumatoid factor ( rf ) with positive history of psoriasis , current skin or nail psoriasis... | psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with skin psoriasis .
it is considered a unique arthropathy with distinct clinical and radiologic features . up to 40% of patients with psoriasis
may develop psoriatic arthritis .
psoriasis usually precedes psoriatic arthritis , so dermatologist... |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) is a disabling disease , of which the prevalence increases with age and causes significant morbidity and mortality.1 it is the ninth leading cause of years of life lost according to world health organization global health observatory data ( http://www.who.int/gho/en/ ) . i... | purposechronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) is associated with increased postoperative complications .
recently , the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease ( gold ) classified copd patients into four groups based on spirometry results and the severity of symptoms .
the objective of this s... |
the prevalence of diabetes is increasing rapidly worldwide with the influence of expanding economy , abrupt transition of living styles , and social aging . in 2014 , there were 387 million people living with diabetes worldwide .
the number is predicted to reach 592 million by 2035 of which 46% will still be un - d... | backgroundtype 2 diabetes is associated with acute and chronic complications and poses a large economic , social , and medical burden on patients and their families as well as society.objectivethis study aims to evaluate the direct economic burden of type 2 diabetes in china .
data source : systematic review on cost ... |
eccrine angiomatous hamartoma ( eah ) is a benign enlargement of eccrine components , accompanied by abundance of vascular channels .
the anomaly is usually asymptomatic , but pain , hypertrichosis , and hyperhidrosis have been reported in a few patients .
a 26-year - old female presented with a 2.5 cm 1.5 cm blue... | hamartomatous , circumscribed swellings of the extremities make an interesting study . presentations are manifold and the naevi are not always present from birth
. excessive growth of hairs leads to remarkable appearance of such swellings .
a young woman presented to the dermatology department , complaining of tend... |
more time is required for extraction
cases , such as for adult patients , which is a great concern and poses high risk of
caries , external root
resorption .
thus , accelerating
orthodontic tooth movement and the resulting shortening of the treatment duration would
be beneficial .
many researchers have ut... | objectivethe aims of this study were to compare different surgical approaches to rapid
canine retraction by designing and selecting the most effective method of reducing
resistance by a three - dimensional finite element analysis .
material and methodsthree - dimensional finite element models of different approac... |
the burgeoning atrial fibrillation ( af ) epidemic which currently affects over five million americans is expected to reach a prevalence of nearly 16 million in the united states by 2050 .
another established public health problem with far reaching health consequences is obesity , which has been identified as an inde... | as the global burden of atrial fibrillation ( af ) and its attendant economic impact on the healthcare system surges , there is increasing interest in the secondary prevention of af with various therapies .
of the several identified risk factors for af , obesity is an important contributor that may be managed with in... |
epidemiological data have demonstrated that low levels of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ( hdlc ) are a strong and independent predictor of cardiovascular disease . however , the clinical interaction between hdlc and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ( ldlc ) level , especially the predictive value of hdlc in pat... | backgroundrecent data showed inconsistent association of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ( hdlc ) with cardiovascular risk in patients with different levels of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ( ldlc ) or intensive statin therapy .
this study sought to determine the relationship of hdlc with periprocedural myoc... |
a 45-year - old female visited the hospital with a palpable mass on the medial aspect of her thigh .
the mass was observed by the patient 3 months previously and the size was perceived to be rapidly increasing .
computed tomography of the site showed an 11 cm - sized well - circumscribed mass with heterogeneous int... | myxoid liposarcoma is a subtype of liposarcoma .
this specific subtype can be identified based on its characteristic histological and cytogenetical features .
the tumor has a fusion transcript of the chop and tls genes , which is caused by t(12;16)(q13;p11 ) .
most of the fusion transcripts that have been identif... |
although medical progress including new imaging modalities and technical support has been widely gained , controversy still continues in management of ureteroceles regarding classification , diagnosis , and treatment .
the incidence of ureterocele is variable with the highest rate of 1 in 500 and it is generally foun... | objectivethe aim of the study was to evaluate clinical characteristics of ureteroceles particularly for diagnostic and treatment challenges.methodsdata about patients treated for ureterocele in the two hospital clinics during 1996- 2009 are retrospectively evaluated.findingsthere were 12 girls and 7 boys .
symptomati... |
when recruited from
the cytosol to the membrane , many signaling
proteins are activated in response to binding lipid activators with
their membrane - binding domains . as a paradigmatic class of membrane - binding
domains , c1 domains play vital regulatory roles in a large number
of signaling proteins such as... | protein kinase c- ( pkc )
has been studied widely as
a paradigm for conventional pkcs , with two c1 domains ( c1a and c1b )
being important for the regulation and function of the kinase .
however ,
it is challenging to explore these domains in membrane - bound environments
with either simulations or experim... |
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