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the amount of microorganisms in the oral fluid ( saliva ) ranges from 4 millions to 5 billions per 1 milliliter , and in dental plaque between 10 and 1000 billions per 1 gram .
their resistance to non - specific oral protective factors and environmental factors ( e.g. , antiseptic solutions ) depends on the cellular ... | backgroundthis study evaluated the survival of the most prevalent oral bacteria and fungi ( staphylococcus aureus , klebsiella pneumoniae , escherichia coli , and candida albicans ) in dental casts , and compared changes in the amounts of these microorganisms at different time intervals to determine how long dental cas... |
peripheral arterial disease ( pad ) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) exhibits broad clinical characteristics and various consequences and is known as one of the major macrovascular complications of t2 dm , the prevalence of which is on the rise .
atherosclerosis is recognized as the most direct and i... | peripheral arterial disease ( pad ) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) exhibits broad clinical characteristics and various consequences and is known as one of the major macrovascular complications of t2 dm .
atherosclerosis is recognized as the most direct and important cause of pad , but acute or ch... |
superficial siderosis of the central nervous system due to chronic , recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rare and potentially debilitating disorder .
the classic manifestation is progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss , although ataxia and pyramidal signs also are common . in the largest review of litera... | superficial siderosis of the central nervous system results from deposition of hemosiderin in the subpial layers of the brain and spinal cord .
patients usually present after 40 years of age with progressive ataxia and sensorineural hearing impairment .
we present the case of a twelve - year - old boy who had a sur... |
a significant proportion of chemical reactions involving proteins are mediated through electrostatic interactions of their ionizable residues ( 1 ) .
such residues greatly influence the conformation of a protein and therefore its function ( 2,3 ) , as demonstrated by their folding mechanisms ( 46 ) , enzyme catalysis... | the protein pka database ( ppd ) v1.0 provides a compendium of protein residue - specific ionization equilibria ( pka values ) , as collated from the primary literature , in the form of a web - accessible postgresql relational database .
ionizable residues play key roles in the molecular mechanisms that underlie many... |
symmetry has long fascinated the great minds in many disciplines from art to theoretical physics . in the field of medicine
the circulation system is powered mainly by cardiac muscle and valves activities , which are specifically the coherent dilation and contraction of right and left ventricles .
today , left vent... | both right and left ventricles are developed from two adjacent segments of the primary heart tube .
though they are different with regard to shape and power , they mirror each other in terms of behavior .
this is the first level of symmetry in cardiac function assessment .
both cardiac muscle contraction and rela... |
recent proposals for treatment of advanced cancer of the larynx emphasize more conservative approaches and make the definition of treatment an even more complex1 .
however , total laryngectomy is still frequently adopted in such cases and questionnaires on health conditions and quality of life have been recommended a... | summary
introduction : total laryngectomy creates deglutition disorders and causes a decrease in quality of life
aim : to describe the impact of swallowing and quality of life of patients after total laryngectomy .
method : a case series study .
patients completed a swallowing and quality of life questionnai... |
the gibbon genome contains all previously described classes of transposable
elements that are mostly shared with the other primates .
one exceptional addition is
the lava element , a novel retrotransposon that emerged exclusively in
gibbons and has a
composite structure comprised of portions of other repeats ... | gibbons are small arboreal apes that display an accelerated rate of
evolutionary chromosomal rearrangement and occupy a key node in the primate
phylogeny between old world monkeys and great apes . here
we present the assembly
and analysis of a northern white - cheeked gibbon ( nomascus
leucogenys ) genome .
... |
the patient was a 3-year - old boy with no known underlying medical history who was identified in 2003 as having clinical verruga peruana by the classic appearance of the eruptive nodular rash ( figure 1 ) .
he and his family lived in a rural setting near the town of caraz , ancash region , peru .
he lived in close... | while studying chronic verruga peruana infections in peru from 2003 , we isolated a novel bartonella agent , which we propose be named candidatus bartonella ancashi .
this case reveals the inherent weakness of relying solely on clinical syndromes for diagnosis and underscores the need for a new diagnostic paradigm in... |
in recent times , hyperinsulinemia has been proposed not only to be associated with obesity but also to be a cause of obesity ( reviewed in the study by shanik et al . ) .
dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area ( vta ) have been implicated in the incentive , reinforcing and motivational aspects of food intake... | obesity has drastically increased over the last few decades .
obesity is associated with elevated insulin levels , which can gain access to the brain , including into dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area ( vta ) , a brain region critical for mediating reward - seeking behavior .
synaptic plasticity of vta... |
vascular malformations ( vms ) of the hand are rare and can have a variable clinical progression .
such lesions may expand with the growth of the patient or progressive ectasia , but they do not proliferate . similarly , they do not undergo spontaneous resolution .
they can be classified as simple ( capillary , lym... | vascular malformations of the hand are rare .
angiography is the current gold standard imaging modality .
thermal imaging is an emerging noninvasive , noncontact technology that does not require intravenous contrast agents .
we present the case of a patient with an arteriovenous malformation affecting the hand in... |
bacterial strains and plasmids plpq2 ( 12 ) is a psc101-derived plasmid in which expression of the e. coli phop - phoq operon is driven by the lacuv5 promoter .
pnl3 ( 12 ) is a pbr322-derived reporter plasmid for assaying phop - mediated transcriptional activation that contains the phon promoter fused to lacz .
p... | the phop - phoq two - component system is a well studied bacterial signaling system that regulates virulence and stress response .
catalytic activity of the histidine kinase sensor protein phoq is activated by low extracellular concentrations of divalent cations such as mg2 + , and subsequently the response regulator... |
mesothelin ( msln ) is a 40-kda cell differentiation - associated glycoprotein appearing with carcinogenesis .
msln was found as an antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody ( mab ) , k1 , generated by immunization of mice with the human ovarian carcinoma cell line , ovcar-3 .
the protein has been named as msln... | mesothelin ( msln ) is a 40-kda cell differentiation - associated glycoprotein appearing with carcinogenesis and is highly expressed in many human cancers , including the majority of pancreatic adenocarcinomas , ovarian cancers , and mesotheliomas , while its expression in normal tissue is limited to mesothelial cells ... |
chronic diseases represent the leading cause of death and disability and a major challenge facing today 's healthcare system.1 approximately half of canadians and americans suffer from a chronic illness.1
2 comorbidity of chronic diseases is increasingly common among adults and is more prevalent with advancing age . ... | backgroundpeople with comorbid mental and physical illness ( pi ) experience worse health , inadequate care and increased mortality relative to those without mental illness ( mi ) .
the role of gender in this relationship is not fully understood .
this study examined gender differences in onset of mental health ser... |
malignant lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases with a wide spectrum of histological subtypes .
traditionally , malignant lymphomas have been divided into hodgkin lymphomas and non - hodgkin lymphomas .
more than 40 subgroups are defined ; both indolent and aggressive variants exist , and a wide range of tr... | aim of databasethe danish national lymphoma registry ( lyfo ) was established in order to monitor and improve the diagnostic evaluation and the quality of treatment of all lymphoma patients in denmark.study populationthe lyfo database was established in 1982 as a seminational database including all lymphoma patients re... |
micrornas are small endogenous rna molecules that affect many biological processes by regulating gene expression in a post - transcriptional way .
they are 2122 nt in length whose primary role is to regulate gene expression through translational repression and/or mrna degradation ( 1 ) . the first mirna molecules an... | micrornas ( mirnas ) are small endogenous rna molecules that are implicated in many biological processes through post - transcriptional regulation of gene expression .
the diana - microt web server provides a user - friendly interface for comprehensive computational analysis of mirna targets in human and mouse .
th... |
acute promyelocytic leukemia ( apml ) is a subset of aml with characteristic clinical , morphological and genetic features .
its incidence gradually increases , reaching a plateau during early adulthood , remaining constant until it diminishes after 60 years of age .
the identification of specific chromosomal abnor... | acute myeloid leukemia ( aml - m3 ) is associated with the translocation t(15;17)(q22;q12 - 21 ) which disrupts the retinoic acid receptor alpha ( rara ) gene on chromosome 17 and the pml gene on chromosome 15 .
we report a two - year - old patient with aml - m3 without the usual translocation t(15;17 ) .
cytogenet... |
a 28-year - old woman , with primary infertility of three years was referred for laparoscopic myomectomy with a history of severe dysmenorrhea and a diagnosis of posterolateral wall myoma . on pelvic examination ,
a palpable myoma was noted on the posterior uterine surface , and the uterus was felt to be approximatel... | single port laparoscopic surgery ( spls ) , also called sils is the natural extension of multi - incisional laparoscopic surgery , in the quest for reduction of traumatic insult and residual scarring to the patient . today with the evolution of newer instruments , bidirectional self - retaining sutures , and surgical e... |
we describe the restructuring that is taking place in primary health care ( phc ) in portugal and discuss how the new emerging organization and work practices reflect in care transitions and intra- and inter - organizational integration .
phc represents an essential support for the restructuring that is taking place ... | introductionwe describe the restructuring that is taking place in primary health care ( phc ) in portugal and discuss how the new emerging organization and work practices reflect in care transitions and intra- and inter - organizational integration.theory and methodsphc represents an essential support for the restructu... |
inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) is a complex disease comprised of crohn s disease or crohn disease ( cd ) and ulcerative colitis ( uc ) , two conditions that involve unpredictable and destructive inflammatory processes resulting in weight loss , diarrhea , abdominal pain , and fever.13 uc is restricted to the colon ... | inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) is a complex disease that involves unpredictable and destructive inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract resulting in gastrointestinal symptoms , infection , and tissue destruction , and which can be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer .
the underlying cause of ibd ... |
it is well - recognized that in chronic hemodialysis patients the rate of mortality is higher than that of general population .
the cause of discrepancy is probably multifactorial , but malnutrition , anemia , hypoalbuminemia , reduced muscle mass and increased atherosclerosis are common in dialysis patients [ 1 - 3 ... | malnutrition , anemia and increased atherosclerosis are the main causes of mortality in hemodialysis patients .
therapies designed to improve the disorders might therefore be expected to improve outcome .
the effects of nandrolone decanoate ( nd ) , in 64 stable hemodialysis patients , were studied with respect to ... |
the goal of endodontics is to prevent or treat apical periodontitis and most of the endodontic failures occur as the result of leakage of irritants through improperly sealed root end fillings into periradicular tissues.[25 ] an ideal orthograde or retrograde root canal filling material should seal the pathways of commu... | background : introducing new endodontic cements should await comprehensive investigations and new formulations have to be tested in vivo before applying in human beings .
so , the purpose of this study was to compare the biocompatibility of new endodontic cements , calcium aluminate -aluminate cement ( caac ) , calci... |
supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s13659 - 012 - 0038 - 8 and is accessible for authorized users .
| three new triterpenoids , 3-hydroxy - urs-30-p - z - hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic - acid ( 1 ) , 3-hydroxy - olean-30-p - ehydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic - acid ( 2 ) and 3,6-dihydroxy - urs-14-en-12-one ( 3 ) , together with seven known triterpenoids , were isolated from the roots of rubia schumanniana .
their struc... |
epidermolysis bullosa ( eb ) consists of a heterogeneous group of rare autosomal dominant or recessive disorders , characterized by epithelial fragility .
patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa ( rdeb ) often develop chronic constipation caused by painful defecation from blistering and tearing due t... | we report a 20-year - old female with generalized , severe , recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa who developed secondary chronic anal fissures . this resulted in anal sphincter spasm and severe
, disabling pain .
she was treated with five botulinum toxin a injections into the internal anal sphincter over a p... |
the setting was kaiser permanente northern california ( kpnc ) , an integrated health care delivery system that provides medical care for approximately one - third of the underlying population in the san francisco bay area .
the source population consisted of women kpnc members who completed a voluntary multiphasic h... | objectiveto examine whether circulating total and high molecular weight ( hmw ) adiponectin concentrations , measured before pregnancy , are associated with subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm).research design and methodsthis was a nested case - control study among women who participated in the kais... |
several cell lines were isolated during independent experiments from dissected annulus fibrosus ( af ) tissue of mature bovine intervertebral discs ( ivd ) via a reproducible non - enzyme driven protocol .
the cell lines were frozen at low passage number and they recovered well after freeze - thawing ( see fig .
pr... | the adult bovine ( bos taurus ) intervertebral disc is primarily comprised of two major tissue types : the outer annulus fibrosus ( af ) and the central nucleus pulposus ( np ) .
we isolated several primary cell lineages of passage ( p ) 0 cells from the af tissue omitting typically used enzymatic tissue digestion pr... |
in 2006 , epstein et al . reported that hypomagnesaemic hypoparathyroidism could be caused by long - term use of a proton - pump inhibitor ( ppi ) , omeprazole 1 .
thereafter , case reports accumulated , in which ppis were shown to be associated with hypomagnesaemia 2 - 11 , and in 2011 , the us food and drug adminis... | objective : case reports showing that proton - pump inhibitors ( ppis ) , omeprazole and esomeprazole , can cause hypomagnesaemia have been accumulating since 2006 . in this study ,
the reports submitted to the adverse event reporting system ( aers ) of the us food and drug administration ( fda ) were evaluated to as... |
grading of breast cancer relies largely on the microscopic examination of tissue slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin ( h & e ) .
this is a subjective process by its very nature , consequently leading to inter- and even intraobserver variability , potentially affecting the predicted patient prognosis and also th... | background : segmentation of areas containing tumor cells in standard h&e histopathology images of breast ( and several other tissues ) is a key task for computer - assisted assessment and grading of histopathology slides .
good segmentation of tumor regions is also vital for automated scoring of immunohistochemical ... |
alzheimer disease ( ad ) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease common in elderly people and it has become a major threat to the growing elderly population due to the lack of effective therapies .
several strategies , including the prevention of amyloid buildup and the promotion of amyloid removal , have been t... | backgroundalzheimer disease ( ad ) has become an epidemic within the growing elderly population and effective therapies of ad have not been discovered .
genetic factors accounted for over 70% of the incidence of ad and the disease - related polymorphisms are located on chromosome 19 , which is one of several prominen... |
it consists of fusion between two adjacent vertebrae across the lamina and transverse processes.1 fusion depends on host and surgical factors including the selection of an appropriate graft .
iliac crest autograft has long been considered the gold standard for bone graft procedures . however , its use is associated w... | study design prospective cohort study .
objectives to analyze the effectiveness and practicality of using cancellous bone substitute with platelet - rich plasma ( prp ) in posterolateral arthrodesis .
methods twenty consecutive patients underwent posterolateral arthrodesis with implantation of cancellous bone su... |
crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever virus belongs to the genus nairovirus in the bunyaviridae family , and is a human pathogen that can cause a severe , and often fatal , hemorrhagic fever .
cchf virus is the most geographically widespread tick - borne virus of medical importance ( ergonul 2006 ) .
the disease is end... | background : this comprehensive study was conducted on multi - purpose one - humped camel ( camelus dromedarius ) sera and ticks to assess the epidemiological aspects of the crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever virus ( cchfv ) in northeast iran.methods:from may 2012 to january 2013 , eleven cities were randomly selected i... |
to describe a case of choroidal neovascularization ( cnv ) following photorefractive keratectomy ( prk ) to correct myopia .
we performed prk in both eyes of a 20-year - old girl to correct myopia .
refractive error was 4.75 2.25 5 in the right eye and 5.00 1.25 180 in the left eye .
metamorphopsia was noti... | purposeto describe a case of choroidal neovascularization ( cnv ) following photorefractive keratectomy ( prk ) to correct myopia.methodswe performed prk in both eyes of a 20-year - old girl to correct myopia .
refractive error was 4.75 2.25 5 in the right eye and 5.00 1.25 180 in the left eye.metamorphopsia wa... |
a central question in neuroscience is how memories are formed and stored in the brain .
studies in laboratory animals have demonstrated that learning occurs through activity - dependent synaptic strength modification .
given the sequential nature of many of our memories , it may come as no surprise that the tempora... | throughout life , activity - dependent changes in neuronal connection strength enable the brain to refine neural circuits and learn based on experience . in line with predictions made by hebb
, synapse strength can be modified depending on the millisecond timing of action potential firing ( stdp ) .
the sign of syn... |
a 52-year - old thai woman presented with asymptomatic annular erythematous plaques on the forehead and both cheeks that persisted for 2 years .
dermatologic examination showed few discrete annular erythematous plaques on her forehead and both cheeks , 15 cm in diameter .
there were solar lentigines and telangiecta... | actinic granuloma is an uncommon granulomatous disease , characterized by annular erythematous plaque with central clearing predominately located on sun - damaged skin .
the pathogenesis is not well understood , ultraviolet radiation is recognized as precipitating factor .
we report a case of a 52-year - old woman ... |
diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequent metabolic disorders that cause various central and peripheral nervous system complications such as neuropathy ( 1 , 2 ) .
current therapeutic approaches are unable to completely relieve the neuropathic complications such as loss of sensation , pain and motor weakness ( 2 ... | objective(s):the neuroprotective effect of fruit aqueous extract of ziziphus jujuba lam on glucose - induced neurotoxicity in pc12 cells as an appropriate in vitro model of diabetic neuropathy was investigated.materials and methods : cell viability was determined by the mtt assay .
cellular reactive oxygen species ( ... |
after more than 30 years since its first clinical use , cisplatin is still one of the most widely used drugs in anticancer chemotherapy .
the action mechanism of cisplatin has been explained in its essential aspects , relatively to its interaction with dna .
nevertheless , some essential chemical processes , relate... | new platinum(ii ) complexes [ ptcl(o , o-acac)(l ) ] ( 1 ) and [ pt(o , o-acac)(-acac)(l ) ] ( 2 ) ( l = dmso , a ; dms , b ) containing a single chelated ( o , o-acac ) ( 1 ) , or one chelated and one -bonded ( -acac ) acetylacetonate ( 2 ) have been synthesized .
the new pt(ii ) complexes exhibited high in vitro cy... |
chromatin is the complex of dna and histone proteins that packages eukaryotic dna into chromosomes .
the nucleosome is the repeating structural subunit of chromatin and consists of 147 bp of dna wrapped around a histone octamer core .
translational positioning of nucleosomes along the dna sequence influences the a... | summarychromatin is thought to carry epigenetic information from one generation to the next , although it is unclear how such information survives the disruptions of nucleosomal architecture occurring during genomic replication . here
, we measure a key aspect of chromatin structure dynamics during replication how r... |
we report on a 63-year - old , average frame , caucasian male found to have clinical stage t1c adenocarcinoma of the prostate who , after discussion of all options , elected to undergo laparoscopic radical prostatectomy ( larp )
. a routine preoperative course then followed , including a medical history and physical ... | laparoscopic radical prostatectomy ( larp ) has been accepted as first line therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer .
complications have been low and outcomes are comparable to that of open surgery with potential benefits including shorter hospital stay , less pain and quicker return to normal activity .
u... |
the patient was a 10 year - old boy with a height of 128 cm and a weight of 36 kg who complained of pain in the right lower abdomen .
he was diagnosed with appendicitis , and it was decided to do an appendectomy . he had been diagnosed with grade 3 mental retardation at age 4 although an exact diagnosis was not possi... | a deletion 8p syndrome is a relatively uncommon congenital disease characterized by mental retardation associated with multiple malformation that make anesthetic management a challenge .
anesthetic management of a patient with deletion 8p syndrome may pose a serious problem mainly from difficult tracheal intubation ,... |
lyme disease ( ld ) , caused by the spirochete bacteria of the genus borrelia , is the most common vector - borne infectious disease in north america .
more than 38,000 new cases were reported in the us in 2009,1 but underreporting is estimated to be six- to twelvefold , making the true number likely over 200,000 cas... | a 50-year - old woman from pulaski , virginia , presented to a local clinic with headaches , fever , generalized joint pain , excessive thirst and fluid intake , and a progressing rash on her back . on physical examination , she had a large circular red rash on her back with a bulls - eye appearance , 16 18 cm in diam... |
the papillary fibroelastoma ( pfe ) is a rare and benign primary cardiac tumor , and the most frequently found tumor occurring in the cardiac valves .
pfe has been found most often on valve leaflets , chordae tendineae , and both ventricles .
we describe an interesting case of pfe originating from the anterior leaf... | the papillary fibroelastoma ( pfe ) is a rare and benign primary cardiac tumor , and the most frequently found tumor occurring in the cardiac valves . with the introduction of echocardiography , the diagnosis of these tumors in living patients has been reported sporadically .
the pfes have been found most often on va... |
in a recent issue of the journal of experimental medicine , middleton et al . demonstrated that mice with homozygous null mutations in alox15 , which encodes 12/15-lipoxygenase , develop mpd ( 6 ) .
12/15-lo incorporates oxygen into unsaturated lipids to generate short - lived peroxides that are ultimately converted ... | chronic myeloid leukemia ( cml ) , which is caused by the bcr
abl fusion tyrosine kinase , is one of the most intensively studied human cancers .
abl kinase inhibitors have been spectacularly successful in treating cml , but disease persistence and acquired drug resistance can prevent eradication and cure of the le... |
sushi and sashimi are traditional japanese food , though in recent years they attracted a large number of european consumers .
it was formerly used for carps , that were caught , gutted , salted and preserved between two stones , and left to ferment for a period ranged from one to three years .
sushi is prepared wi... | sushi and sashimi are traditional japanese food , mostly consisting of raw seafood alone or in combination with rice . eating sushi and sashimi
has become popular in many countries even outside japan .
this food is not free from health risks such as ingestion of pathogenic bacteria or parasite .
the aim of this s... |
breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer - related mortality in women .
successful strategies for screening , early diagnosis , prognosis , and risk stratification are needed to decrease mortality and increase the probability of curing the disease .
currently , mammogra... | the widespread use of screening mammography has resulted in increased detection of early - stage breast disease , particularly for in situ carcinoma and early - stage breast cancer . however , the majority of women with abnormalities noted on screening mammograms are not diagnosed with cancer because of several factors... |
all procedures for the animal experiment were reviewed and approved by the animal care
and use committee of the national institute for physiological sciences , okazaki , japan .
specific pathogen - free rats were purchased from charles river laboratories japan
( kanagawa , japan ) .
all rats were housed in an e... | abstract this study was designed to investigate whether supplementation of 2i medium with
leukemia inhibitory factor ( lif ) and/or forskolin would support establishment of
germline - competent rat embryonic stem ( es ) cell lines . due to the higher likelihood of
outgrowth rates , supplementation of forskolin wi... |
malaria is a serious disease caused by the plasmodium parasite and transmitted through the bite of the anopheles mosquito .
it is estimated that there were about 214 million cases of malaria in 2015 , resulting in approximately 440,000 deaths , most of which originating from sub - saharan africa and in children under... | malaria is a serious disease , caused by the parasite of the genus plasmodium , which was responsible for 440,000 deaths in 2015 .
acute lung injury / acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ali / ards ) is one of the main clinical complications in severe malaria .
the murine model dba/2 reproduces the clinical signs... |
rupture of intervertebral disc material into the intradural space is a rare event in lumbar disc disease but must be considered in the differential diagnosis of mass lesion causing nerve root or cauda equina syndromes .
the pathogenesis of lumbar intradural disc herniation is most likely related to dense adhesion bet... | intradural lumbar disc herniation is a rare pathological entity .
the pathogenesis of intradural lumbar disc herniation is not known clearly .
intradural disc herniations usually occurred at the l4-l5 levels but have also been reported at other levels .
however , intradural disc herniation at l5-s1 is quite rare ... |
the success of root canal therapy depends on the method and the quality of instrumentation , irrigation , disinfection , and three - dimensional obturation of the root canal .
endodontic instrumentation using either manual or mechanized techniques produces a smear layer and plugs of organic and inorganic particles of... | context : evaluation of microhardness of root dentin provides indirect information on the change in mineral content of root dentin thereby providing useful information on the bonding quality of resin - based root canal sealers.aim:this study evaluated the effect of 17% edta , mtad , and 18% hebp solutions on the microh... |
edentulous patients can have substantial difficulties using their conventional complete dentures due to a lack of retention , support , and stability and the related compromise in chewing ability.1 the treatment options to manage completely edentulous patients are either a complete denture or an implant - supported pro... | purposethe aim of this systematic review was to address treatment outcome according to attachment systems for mandibular implant overdentures in terms of implant survival rate , prosthetic maintenance and complications , and patient satisfaction.materials and methodsa systematic literature search was conducted using pu... |
asian - lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza ( hpai ) h5n1 virus has infected poultry in many countries of the world and is thought to be highly endemic in certain delta areas due to frequent viral incursions from large populations of migrating birds [ 1 , 2 ] . as of 2011 , the food and animal organization ( fao ... | highly pathogenic avian influenza ( hpai ) h5n1 virus incursions from migrating birds have occurred multiple times in romania since 2005 .
beginning in september 2008 through april 2013 , seasonal sentinel surveillance for avian influenza a viruses ( aivs ) using domestic geese ( anser cygnoides ) and ducks ( anas pl... |
the splenium is a name of the posterior part of the corpus callosum ( cc ) . in greek
this word means a bandage strip tied around an injury or a damaged part of someone 's body .
although the association of the name with the respective structure is not immediately clear from the most common sagittal images of the b... | the splenium of the corpus callosum connects the posterior cortices with fibers varying in size from thin late - myelinating axons in the anterior part , predominantly connecting parietal and temporal areas , to thick early - myelinating fibers in the posterior part , linking primary and secondary visual areas . in the... |
because a cervical pedicle screw has more rigid fixation than other posterior fixation techniques , including posterior wiring , lateral mass screw , or facet screw fixation .
cervical pedicle screw not only allow for shorter instrumentation with sagittal correction11 - 13,19,31,34 ) , but also are valuable for simul... | objectiveto present the accuracy and safety of cervical pedicle screw insertion using the technique with direct exposure of the pedicle by laminoforaminotomy.methodswe retrospectively reviewed 12 consecutive patients .
a total of 104 subaxial cervical pedicle screws in 12 patients had been inserted .
we also assess... |
anxiety disorders are currently the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in the usa and europe ( andlin - sobocki et al
. , 2005 ; kessler et al . , 2005 ) and represent one of the major health problems in the western world ( who , 2004 ) . in the aetiology of an anxiety disorder , the simultaneous occurrence of ... | preclinical and some clinical studies suggest a relationship between perturbation in magnesium ( mg2 + ) homeostasis and pathological anxiety , although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown .
since there is evidence that mg2 + modulates the hypothalamic - pituitary adrenal ( hpa ) axis , we tested whether... |
the widespread use of complementary and alternative medicines ( cam ) among patients of biomedical practitioners has been widely documented ( 13 ) . it might be implicitly accepted ( which may explain why it is less commonly acknowledged ) that patients of cam practitioners are almost always patients of conventional ph... | unstated and unacknowledged bias has a profound impact on the nature and implementation of integrative education models .
integrative education is the process of training conventional biomedical and traditional chinese medicine practitioners in each tradition such that patient care may be effectively coordinated .
... |
angle classified malocclusion in the sagittal plane based on the dental relationship and ignoring the skeletal relation .
the disto - occlusion is categorized into division 1 and division 2 based on the spatial orientation of upper anterior teeth . apart from these basic features
, there were no characteristic feat... | statement of problem : a thorough knowledge of the salient features of malocclusion makes the practitioner to come to a proper diagnosis and to formulate proper mechanotherapy . it also helps to predict the prognosis , prior to the onset of treatment process . among the various malocclusions , class ii div 2 occurs the... |
however , the majority of hematospermia is related to infection in prostate and seminal vesicle .
symptom relief can be achieved for some of the patients after a course of anti - inflammatory therapy .
however , symptoms in a small portion of the patients can not be improved after medication and the hematospermia p... | to describe a novel technique of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy using a pediatric ureteroscope in the diagnosis and management of persistent hematospermia , a retrospective study was carried out for 20 patients with recurrent hematospermia whom we evaluated and treated using a 67.5f ( 6f front end and 7.5f rear en... |
we explore the limits of modifying metal work functions with large
molecular dipoles by systematically increasing the dipole moment of
archetype donor acceptor molecules in self - assembled monolayers
on gold .
contrary to intuition , we find that enhancing the dipoles
leads to a reduction of the adsorption ... | |
rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque is the primary underlying cause of most acute coronary events and strokes [ 1 , 2 ] .
a vulnerable plaque ( vp ) is considered to be prone to rupture .
it is characterized as a large pool of lipids with an overlying thin fibrous cap that is heavily infiltrated by macrophages [... | we aimed to establish a rabbit model of vulnerable plaques ( vps ) with the morphology and component characteristics of human vps and to evaluate the microstructural features of vps in vivo using intravascular optical coherence tomography ( oct ) .
twelve rabbits underwent endothelial denudation of the carotid artery... |
endogenous peptides , protein , and oligonucleotides are among the main drugs which attract much attention because of their great potentials in treating chronic diseases .
however , the extreme in vivo environment of human body has always limited the therapeutic applications of these substances [ 2 , 3 ] .
polymeri... | chitosan nanoparticles ( cs nps ) exhibit good physicochemical properties as drug delivery systems .
the aim of this study is to determine the modulation of preparative parameters on the physical characteristics and colloidal stability of cs nps .
cs nps were fabricated by ionic interaction with dextran sulphate ( ... |
the first to report about microbial butanol production was pasteur in 1862 ( pasteur 1862 ) .
pasteur named the culture vibrion butyrique most probably though it was a mixed bacterial culture comprising at least one clostridium strain ( drre 2007 ) .
while scientific interest was documented by some further reports... | microbial production of acetone and butanol was one of the first large - scale industrial fermentation processes of global importance . during the first part of the 20th century
, it was indeed the second largest fermentation process , superseded in importance only by the ethanol fermentation .
after a rapid declin... |
glucose meters have been used in the hospital setting for decades . traditionally glucose meters were used in the hospital to dose subcutaneous insulin for patients with diabetes when they were hospitalized .
as even well - controlled diabetic patients will have their insulin needs , diet and caloric requirements cha... | glucose meters are a fast and convenient way to measure circulating blood glucose . like many technologies in healthcare ,
the use of glucose meters within the hospital has evolved significantly over the last few decades .
this change has been driven predominantly by changes in the approach to glycemic control for ... |
kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end - stage renal disease.1 a total of 292,427 kidney transplants were performed in the us by the end of 2009.2 the use of better donor
recipient selection algorithms , novel surgical techniques , and improved post - transplant care have all led to a significant i... | the last several decades have witnessed a substantial decrease in the incidence of acute allograft rejection following kidney transplantation , although commensurate improvements in long - term graft function have not been realized . as a result
, the primary focus of new immunosuppressive drug development has expand... |
a 59-year - old asymptomatic diabetic male was referred to our retinal service with presumed diagnosis of asteroid hyalosis .
the patient had undergone laser treatment and intravitreal preserved triamcinolone acetonide injection for clinically significant diabetic macular edema in the right eye 4 years previously .
... | we report a case of unusually long persistence of triamcinolone crystals after intra - vitreal injection .
crystals were noted on fundus examination predominantly confined to the posterior pole .
optical coherence tomography localized the crystals to the posterior hyaloidal surface . over 6 years of follow - up
t... |
solid pseudopapillary neoplasm ( spn ) is an indolent epithelial tumor with a low malignant potential that occurs predominantly in females with a mean age of 28 years .
the clear cell variant of spn is even more unusual with only six papers reported in the english literature .
we present the cytologic features of c... | solid pseudopapillary neoplasm ( spn ) of the pancreas is a rare tumor of uncertain malignant potential , predominantly affecting young adult females .
we report a case of clear cell variant of spn , which was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy .
the aspirate was highly cellular and exhibited delicate branc... |
ankylosing diseases of the spine include two major entities : ankylosing spondylitis ( as ) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis ( dish ) .
these diseases have unique pathophysiologies but similar clinical presentations later in the disease course.1 as is a seronegative spondyloarthropathy , an inflammatory c... | study design retrospective case series .
objective ankylosing spondylitis ( as ) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis ( dish ) are two related diseases that significantly increase the risk of unstable spinal fractures from seemingly trivial trauma .
given the older age and higher surgical risk profile of ... |
elastosis perforans serpiginosa ( eps ) , characterized by transepidermal elimination of fragmented elastic fibres , clinically presents as hyperkeratotic papules .
it 's rare association with pseudoxanthoma elasticum ( pxe ) has been documented in the literature .
we report a case of pxe with associated lesions th... | elastosis perforans serpiginosa ( eps ) , characterized by transepidermal elimination of fragmented elastic fibers , clinically presents as hyperkeratotic papules .
eps is classified into three types : ( 1 ) idiopathic ; ( 2 ) reactive , with associated connective tissue diseases such as pseudoxanthoma elasticum ( px... |
traumatic brain injury is a major cause of sustained morbidity and disability both in the military and civilian populations ( tarapore et al . , 2013 ) .
in the case of mild traumatic brain injury ( mtbi ) , an initial brief change in mental state or consciousness is typically followed by postconcussion symptoms ( ca... | mild traumatic brain injury ( mtbi ) may affect normal cognition and behavior by disrupting the functional connectivity networks that mediate efficient communication among brain regions . in this study , we analyzed brain connectivity profiles from resting state magnetoencephalographic ( meg ) recordings obtained from ... |
lymphedema ( le ) is a common and debilitating condition in breast cancer survivors characterized by regional swelling , typically in one or both arms .
it is characterized by an accumulation of protein - rich fluids caused by an interruption in the axillary lymphatic drainage from the arm . due to the increased surv... | purposethe purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for transient lymphedema ( tle ) and persistent lymphedema ( ple ) following treatment for breast cancer.materials and methodsa total of 1,073 patients who underwent curative breast surgery were analyzed .
tle was defined as one episode of arm swelling that... |
the goal of the cervical surgery is to relieve the compression on the nerves and/or spinal cord , and anterior or posterior cervical approach is used to access the cervical spine depend on the type of surgery required6 ) .
the anterior approach can allow the surgeon access to almost the entire cervical spine , and of... | objectivea general orientation along the cervical spine could be estimated by external landmarks , and it was useful , quick and less exposable to radiation , but , sometimes it gave reference confusion of target cervical level .
the authors reviewed the corresponding between the neck external landmarks and cervical ... |
in this century , new changes have resulted in rapid development of service - providing sectors , especially in the health sector ( 1 ) .
services provided in different parts of society are considered as the heart of value - creation in the economy ( 2 ) . today , quality of services , especially in institutes with h... | introductionquality is the center of attention in all service providing organizations that are effective in promoting satisfaction of patients who are referred to medical centers .
the aim of this study was to investigate the quality of health service providers in a case study of qazvin , iran , in 2014.methodsthis d... |
current use of laparoscopy in the evaluation and management of trauma patients has been a natural extension of this trend .
although utilized for both blunt and penetrating injuries , laparoscopy has gained the most widespread acceptance as a useful tool in the management of patients with penetrating abdominal injuri... | background : minimally invasive surgery has become increasingly utilized in the trauma setting .
when properly applied , it offers several advantages , including reduced morbidity , lower rates of negative laparotomy , and shortened length of hospital stay .
the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of lap... |
thrombocytopenia absent radius ( tar ) is a rare syndrome associated with bilateral absence of radii , hypo - megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia , and presence of both thumbs.1 tar syndrome abnormalities include various systems , including skeletal , hematologic , and cardiac system abnormalities .
this association of s... | thrombocytopenia absent radius ( tar ) syndrome is a very rare and infrequently seen congenital disorder with an approximate frequency of 0.42/100,000 live births .
it is associated with bilateral absence of radii , hypo - megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia , and presence of both thumbs .
the other systems which are a... |
ten volunteers ( eight men and two postmenopausal women ) with type 2 diabetes were recruited for this study , which was approved by the university health research ethics board .
participants met the following eligibility criteria : 1 ) between 30 and 65 years of age ; 2 ) not taking glucose - lowering medication or ... | objectiveto determine the effect of metformin on the acute metabolic response to submaximal exercise , the effect of exercise on plasma metformin concentrations , and the interaction between metformin and exercise on the subsequent response to a standardized meal.research design and methodsten participants with type 2 ... |
the human gastric
pathogen helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) is a microaerophilic ,
spiral - shaped , gram - negative bacterium responsible for the majority of peptic
ulcer diseases in humans .
h. pylori has been
shown to be the causative agent of type b gastritis and peptic ulcerations [ 2 , 3 ] .
infectio... | helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) is a widespread human pathogen causing peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis .
maintaining nickel homeostasis is crucial for the establishment of
h. pylori infection in humans .
we used immobilized - nickel affinity chromatography to isolate ni - related proteins from h. pylori cel... |
the 2010 human influenza a ( h1n1 ) virus pandemic seriously affected many countries , including kuwait . in children ,
respiratory involvement usually occurs with h1n1 ; extra pulmonary problems are not common.1 liver involvement is rare and needs early identification and treatment .
a 9-year - old child was admit... | liver involvement in pediatric influenza a ( h1n1 ) infection is rare . focused clinical evaluation and
laboratory tests can rule out or identify hepatic complications early on . here
we report on a 9-year - old boy treated by the gastroenterology , hepatology , and nutrition unit of al - adan hospital s pediatric ... |
milk is the major source of income generated on dairy farms , and over the past several decades , milk production by dairy cows has increased markedly .
however , this improvement comes at the cost of higher incidences of reproductive health problems and reduced fertility .
large energy requirements at the onset of... | the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of parity on milk production , body condition change , periparturient health , and culling in korean dairy herds .
the data utilized included ; milk yield , body condition score , cow parity , calving condition , periparturient disorders , culling , and repro... |
tuberculosis is the most common human immunodeficiency ( hiv ) virus - related opportunistic infection in india and caring for patients with both diseases is a major public health challenge .
it is estimated that 60 - 70% of hiv - positive persons will develop tuberculosis in their lifetime .
approximately , 50% of... | background : hiv / aids pandemic is responsible for the resurgence of tb worldwide , resulting in increased morbidity and mortality .
hiv and mycobacterium tuberculosis have a synergistic interaction ; each propagates progression of the other .
coinfection with hiv infection leads to difficulties in both the diagno... |
total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) improves joint function in patients with painful joint disease and reduces pain12 ) .
the clinical outcomes of tka have improved over time , and the 10-year revision - free survival rate has been reported to range from 96% to 98%345 ) . however , tka has been found to induce the most s... | purposethis study compared the analgesic effects of local infiltration analgesia ( lia ) and femoral nerve block ( fnb ) after total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) and assessed factors associated with analgesia obtained by these two methods.materials and methodsstudy subjects included 66 patients ( 72 knees ) who underwent ... |
after decades of neglect , the search for
novel , effective antimalarials has been revived primarily due to emergence
of drug resistance .
widespread resistance
has been reported not only for 8-aminoquinolines but recent reports
indicate the appearance of increased parasite tolerance to artemisinin
analogue... | on the basis of the initial success of optimization of
a novel series of imidazolopiperazines , a second generation of compounds
involving changes in the core piperazine ring was synthesized to improve
antimalarial properties .
these changes were carried out to further
improve the potency and metabolic stabil... |
chagas disease or american trypanosomiasis is caused by the parasite trypanosoma cruzi , which may produce acute and chronic manifestations . during the acute phase , most cases are indeterminate , but some patients may develop severe myocarditis or meningoencephalitis , which can be lethal . the chronic phase exhibits... | genetic susceptibility factors , parasite strain , and an adequate modulation of the immune system seem to be crucial for disease progression after trypanosoma cruzi infection .
hla - g and its murine functional homolog qa2 have well - recognized immunomodulatory properties .
we evaluated the hla - g 3 untranslated... |
xavier university school of medicine admits students mainly from the united states and canada to the undergraduate medical program . a previous study conducted in june 2013 used the dundee ready educational environment measure to measure the educational environment and impact of different teaching and learning methods ... | |
qm / mm
methods ( for reviews , see , e.g. , refs ( 17 ) ) have been used extensively in studies of enzymatic reactions . in
order to obtain reliable results , it is crucial to perform extensive
sampling and also to use a reliable qm
model for either calibrating a semiempirical model ( e.g. , the evb
model ) ... | although qm / mm calculations
are the primary current tool for modeling enzymatic reactions , the
reliability of such calculations can be limited by the size of the
qm region .
thus , we examine in this work the dependence of qm / mm calculations
on the size of the qm region , using the reaction of catechol -... |
the cohort for this study consisted of 603 patients who underwent breast resection at sun yat - sen university cancer center for breast cancer between january 3 , 1990 and january 6 , 2005 .
the age at diagnosis ranged from 19 to 82 years ( median , 56 years ) .
all patients had axillary lymph node dissections with... | recently , there has been controversy about the relationship between the number of lymph nodes removed and survival of patients diagnosed with lymph node - negative breast cancer . to assess this relationship ,
603 cases of lymph node - negative breast cancer with a median of 126 months of follow - up data were studi... |
we present here a case of hereditary adamts 13 deficincy presenting as recurrent acute kidney injury .
a 26-year - old male presented with history of decreased urine output , red urine for past 7 days following an episode of upper respiratory tract infection .
there was no history of edema , hypertension , flank pa... | we report here a case of 26-year - old male who presented with history of recurrent acute renal failure associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia .
adamts 13 deficiency due to mutation in the gene encoding for adamts 13 was identified as the cause .
after eight episodes of acute kidney ... |
jatropha curcas is a tree of the euphorbiaceae family which has been used , due to the high oil content ( 4060% ) of its seeds , as an alternative source of biodiesel .
the residual seed cake is a low - value byproduct left after oil extraction which , however , has a high protein content .
this seed cake , also , ... | jatropha curcas seed cake is a protein - rich byproduct of oil extraction which could be used to produce protein isolates .
the purpose of this study was the optimization of the protein isolation process from the seed cake of an edible provenance of j. curcas by an alkaline extraction followed by isoelectric precipit... |
the most prevalent osteoarthritis ( oa ) localization is the knee joint , and symptomatic knee oa ( koa ) affects 24% of the general population .
low socioeconomic level , age , and obesity are directly correlated with the disease incidence .
in 2010 ,
the educational attainment of the brazilian population aged ... | introduction : knee osteoarthritis ( koa ) is the most prevalent form of osteoarthritis . low socioeconomic level , age , and obesity are directly correlated with the incidence of the disease .
education , exercise , and diet are the core recommendations of all koa treatment guidelines.objective:to evaluate the impac... |
the most common facial bones fracture is the mandible fracture.1 mandibular fracture patterns depend on multiple factors , including direction and amount of force , presence of soft tissue bulk , and biomechanical characteristics of the mandible such as bone density and mass or anatomic structures creating weak areas.2... | objectivesin this retrospective study , we measured the relationship between the presences of impacted or unerupted teeth in the mandible and mandibular fractures.methodsthe records and radiographs of 41 patients with mandibular fracture associated with impacted or unerupted teeth were examined .
the presence of impa... |
host defence peptides ( hdps ) are an evolutionarily ancient component of the innate immune system of most multicellular organisms.1 they exhibit a wide range of biological activities from direct killing of invading pathogens to modulation of immunity and other biological responses of the host . in this article
, we ... | the rapidly increasing incidence of multidrug - resistant infections and the alarmingly low rate of discovery of conventional antibiotics create an urgent need for alternative strategies to treat bacterial infections .
host defence peptides are short cationic molecules produced by the immune systems of most multicell... |
studies in living animals are critical to oncology research , and many experimental models have been exploited for drug development and basic studies [ 1 , 2 ] .
fast - growing tumors can be generated in mice by orthotopic or ectopic implantation of tumor cell lines .
however , models exhibiting spontaneous oncogen... | introduction and purpose . monitoring solid tumor growth and metastasis in small animals is important for cancer research .
noninvasive techniques make longitudinal studies possible , require fewer animals , and have greater statistical power .
such techniques include fdg positron emission tomography ( fdg - pet ) ... |
ag nanoparticles are currently of considerable interest and the subject of a significant literature due to the potential uses of the tunable light absorption , scattering and local field enhancement in the uv - visible region .
there are two types of bimetallic nanoparticles : alloy particles ( particles with a homog... | transverse surface plasmon resonances ( spr ) in au ag and ag au core
shell structure nanowires have been investigated by means of quasi - static theory .
there are two kinds of spr bands resulting from the outer surface of wall metal and the interface between core and wall metals , respectively .
the spr corre... |
in the early 1960s , researchers began to describe an important nuclear structure in eukaryotic cells that differed from the already well - known dna / histone - based chromatin ( 1 ) .
this structure , referred to as the nuclear matrix ( nm ) , can be separated from the rest of the nucleus by applying dnase i diges... | the nuclear matrix ( nm ) is a structure resulting from the aggregation of proteins and rna in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells ; it is the sticky bit that remains after aggressive dnase digestion and salt extraction protocols .
owing to the important role of the nm in dna replication , dna transcription and rna spli... |
, they may be misdiagnosed to have bronchial asthma as they present with inspiratory stridor and/or expiratory wheezing .
it is difficult to accurately predict the distensibility of the trachea even with an array of preoperative tests like flow volume loop , computerized tomography ( ct ) , and bronchoscopy .
a 45... | anesthetic management of a patient with tracheal stenosis is challenging . though we have newer imaging modalities like multislice , three - dimensional computerized tomography , virtual bronchoscopy to determine the size and anatomy of the airway , it is difficult to accurately predict the distensibility of the trache... |
total hip arthroplasty ( tha ) is one of the most commonly performed operations in the united states , with over 280,000 procedures reported annually [ 1 , 28 , 46 ] . the benefits of tha in terms of reduced pain and improved function and quality of life ( qol ) for patients with debilitating hip disease have been w... | backgroundmetal - on - metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty ( mom hra ) may offer potential advantages over total hip arthroplasty ( tha ) for certain patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the hip .
however , the cost effectiveness of mom hra compared with tha is unclear.questions/purposesthe purpose of this study w... |
in 1984 , it was first reported that h. pylori , a gram negative , spiral shaped , microaerophilic bacterium that colonizes the stomach and is involved in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulceration , gastric cancer , gastric ulceration , and active chronic gastritis [ 1 , 2 ] .
dyspepsia is a common term used for abdome... | helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) infection is associated with increased oxidative stress and serum prolidase activity ( spa ) in many diseases .
we aimed to observe spa and oxidative stress in nonulcer dyspepsia ( nud ) infected with and without h. pylori among eastern indians .
106 patients with h. pylori positiv... |
lasers produce a beam of light that is coherent , monochromatic , and unidirectional , and can converge most of its radiant power over small areas , even at great distances .
laser pointers are useful ubiquitous devices used in everyday situations , especially in the educational environment .
their potential to cau... | we report the case of a 13-year - old boy who had a bilateral macular injury after playing with a green laser pointer for a duration of 1 minute .
clinical examination revealed a decrease in visual acuity and macular injury in both eyes , and imaging investigations revealed a bilateral macular lesion due to exposure ... |
harry angelman first described that 3 of his child patients showed severe mental retardation , jerky movements , excessive laughter , and abnormal physical development .
he called them puppet children because they resembled puppets with their flat heads .
all three showed typically common behavioural features tha... | angelman syndrome ( as ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe mental retardation , lack of speech , ataxia , susceptibility to seizures , and unique behavioral features such as easily provoked smiling and laughter and autistic features . the disease is primarily caused by deletion or loss - of - fun... |
group a streptococcus ( strep . pyogenes or gas ) is a -hemolytic bacterium often found in the throat and the skin .
the two most severe manifestations of gas are streptococcal toxic shock syndrome ( stss ) and necrotizing fasciitis ( nf ) . annually in the united states there are between 9,000 - 11,500 cases of inva... | group a streptococcus ( gas ) is a -hemolytic bacterium often found in the throat and skin .
the two most severe clinical manifestations of gas are streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis .
intravenous immunoglobulin ( ivig ) is a gamma globulin made from purified pooled plasma of thousands of ... |
walking , which can be defined as moving the body to a target spot or destination using two
legs , is a complex and integrated activity requiring low energy consumption1 .
although it appears to be an
easy - to - perform task , it actually requires comprehensive use of all nerves and skeletal
muscles .
furthe... | [ purpose ] this study aimed to identify correlations among pelvic positions and
differences in lower extremity joint angles during walking in female university students .
[ subjects ] thirty female university students were enrolled and their pelvic positions and
differences in lower extremity joint angles were m... |
schizophrenia is among the most economically costly and severe medical conditions . because onset is in young adulthood and disability
can last a lifetime , this illness creates tremendous distress , pain and impoverished quality of life for the affected individual and their family .
these additional costs are no... | schizophrenia is one of the major and potentially severe mental illnesses . even with best practices ,
there are limitations to the effectiveness of treatments that include medications for this disorder .
relapse rates are high and often those with the illness remain symptomatic and functionally impaired .
all th... |
early loss of primary teeth is most commonly caused by inappropriate oral hygiene , dental injuries , and tooth decay .
tooth decay continues to be the main causative factor for the high rate of loss . as a result ,
those of us in the pedodontics and orthodontics practice frequently encounter malocclusion problems ... | objectives : the premature loss of primary teeth is a potential risk factor for poor arch length development .
adequate arch length is important to the progression of the permanent teeth .
poor arch length can lead to crowding , ectopic eruption , or impaction of these teeth .
this study is designed to assess the... |
the influence of
electronic symmetry on triplet state delocalization
in linear zinc porphyrin oligomers is explored by electron paramagnetic
resonance techniques . using a combination of transient continuous
wave and pulse electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopies ,
it
is demonstrated experimentally ... |
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