article stringlengths 0 826k | abstract stringlengths 174 4.34k |
|---|---|
despite an increased emphasis on the use of intense screening to diagnose cervical cancer in its early stages over the past decade , higher rates of cervical cancer have recently been observed among women.1 in the united states , a higher incidence of cervical cancer has also been associated with africanamerican and hi... | objective : to investigate the clinicopathological significance of podoplanin expression in the intratumoral stroma and neoplastic cells of early stage uterine cervical cancer.materials and methods : a total of 143 patients with clinical stage i and iia uterine cervical carcinomas underwent surgery between 2000 and 200... |
interest in adeno - associated virus ( aav ) stems mostly from its experimental and clinical use as a vector in gene therapy of ( for example ) hemophilia b and lipoprotein lipase deficiency.1 , 2 , 3 the virus s interactions with host cells are therefore of fundamental interest and of interest as a foundation for dev... | atomic structures of adeno - associated virus ( aav)-dj , alone and in complex with fondaparinux , have been determined by cryoelectron microscopy at 3 resolution .
the gene therapy vector , aav - dj , is a hybrid of natural serotypes that was previously derived by directed evolution , selecting for hepatocyte entr... |
urothelial tumors are very common , with a projected annual incidence of 73,510 bladder tumors alone in the u.s.a.1 although the predominant histology seen in urothelial cancers is traditional urothelial carcinoma ( uc ) , there are several variant histologic sub - types , including micropapillary bladder carcinoma ( m... | objective : to elucidate the oncologic behavior of micropapillary urothelial bladder carcinoma ( mpbc ) , a rare aggressive variant histology.methods : all mpbc patients in seer 17 database were compared with those with traditional urothelial carcinoma ( uc ) .
kaplan - meier curves were used to determine os and css ... |
to report an unusual case of paraneoplastic pseudovitelliform lesions associated with melanoma - associated retinopathy ( mar ) .
retrospective review of the ophthalmic examination , fundus photography , fluorescein angiography , electroretinogram ( erg ) , and optical coherence tomography ( oct ) of a patient wit... | purposeto report an unusual case of paraneoplastic pseudovitelliform lesions associated with melanoma - associated retinopathy ( mar).designobservational case report.methodsretrospective review of the ophthalmic examination , fundus photography , fluorescein angiography , electroretinogram ( erg ) , and optical coheren... |
to present a case of spontaneous aortic rupture in the course of mantle cell lymphoma and successful management with endovascular repair .
a 69-year - old woman presented with a cervical mass . the patient was found to have stage iiia and mantle cell lymphoma international prognostic index ( mipi ) 4 .
the patient ... | purposeto present a case of spontaneous aortic rupture in the course of mantle cell lymphoma and successful management with endovascular repair.case reporta 69-year - old woman presented with a cervical mass .
the patient was found to have stage iiia and mantle cell lymphoma international prognostic index ( mipi ) 4 ... |
this study was performed with approval from the instutional review board at asan medical center and adhered to the tenets of the declaration of helsinki .
data were retrospectively abstracted from the medical records of patients who underwent successful retinal re - attachment surgery after diagnosis of macula - off ... | purposeto investigate correlations between preoperative and postoperative foveal microstructures in patients with macula - off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment ( rrd).methodswe reviewed the records of 31 eyes from 31 patients with macula - off rrd who had undergone successful re - attachment surgery .
we analyzed da... |
nickel - catalyzed
additions of arylboronic acids to alkynes , followed by enantioselective
cyclizations of the alkenylnickel species onto tethered ketones or
enones , are reported .
these reactions are reliant upon the formal anti - carbonickelation of the alkyne , which is postulated
to occur by the reversi... | |
a hallmark of vascular plants is the transport of sugars and nitrogen from places of synthesis to sites that depend on external supply ( giaquinta , 1983 ) .
green tissues engage in photosynthesis , produce sugars and assimilate inorganic nitrogen , and export excess to support non - photosynthetic tissues such as ro... | most metazoa use hexose transporters to acquire hexoses from their diet and as a transport form for distributing carbon and energy within their bodies ; insects use trehalose , and plants use sucrose as their major form for translocation .
plant genomes contain at least three families of mono- and disaccharide transp... |
routine medical examinations are carried out as a prerequisite for employment in the public or private sector , entry into tertiary educational institutions or admissions to residential schools and routinely , every 4 years , for armed forces personnel .
this is to ensure that the individual is free from any serious ... | background : chest radiographs are routinely requested as part of the medical screening process prior to admission to institutions .
literature on the yield of such an exercise is sparse especially in the nigerian setting .
this study was therefore carried out to assess the usefulness of routine chest radiography f... |
to report a case of an aqueous misdirection - like presentation in a pseudophakic patient .
an 84-year - old pseudophakic gentleman presented with bilateral blurred vision 8 years after cataract surgery . a refractive shift with shallow anterior chambers and elevated intraocular pressures were noted .
although a... | objectiveto report a case of an aqueous misdirection - like presentation in a pseudophakic patient.designretrospective case review.participantan 84-year - old pseudophakic gentleman presented with bilateral blurred vision 8 years after cataract surgery .
a refractive shift with shallow anterior chambers and elevated ... |
your body is a fine - tuned system in which billions of cells interact .
each cell has tiny receptors that enable it to sense its environment , so it can adapt to new situations.from the poster , the nobel prize 2012 in chemistry , the royal swedish academy of sciences ( 2012)the sentence mentioned previously precise... | there are many places on the earth , where natural background radiation exposures are elevated significantly above about 2.5 msv / year .
the studies of health effects on populations living in such places are crucially important for understanding the impact of low doses of ionizing radiation .
this article critical... |
contrast - induced nephropathy ( cin ) is usually defined as an acute decline in renal function , expressed as a relative increase in serum creatinine ( scr ) concentration of at least 25% or an absolute increase in scr of 0.5 mg / dl ( 44.2 mol / l ) in the absence of other etiologies.1 ) cin is a significant problem ... | contrast - induced nephropathy ( cin ) affects in - hospital , short- and long - term morbidity and mortality .
it also leads to prolonged hospital stay and increased medical cost .
given the potential clinical severity of cin , there has been considerable interest in the development of preventative strategies to r... |
prosthodontic rehabilitation of edentulous space is often complicated with overeruption of antagonistic tooth and often requires preprosthodontic intervention . in this
context , orthodontic intrusion of the overerupted antagonistic tooth to facilitate prosthodontic rehabilitation is a desirable strategy .
however ... | the purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the use of orthodontic miniscrew implant in the intrusion of overerupted molar as a preprosthodontic therapy . a 37-year - old woman with an overerupted maxillary right first molar encroaching on the opposing mandibular edentulous space
was successfully intruded using... |
epidemiological data have provided evidence that something unusual has been favorably affecting the health status of mediterranean populations .
although private and state healthcare for many of these populations are inferior compared with those of northern europe and north america , and the prevalence of smoking is ... | there are now several scientific studies that relate this traditional dietary pattern with the incidence of coronary heart disease , various types of cancer , and other diseases .
the past years have several observational and clinical studies suggested the mechanisms by which this traditional diet may affect coronary... |
optic neuritis is an acute , inflammatory disease of the optic nerve and is often the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis ( ms ) in adults and children ( duquette et al . , 1987 ; sindern et al . , 1992 ; boiko et al . , 2002 ; optic neuritis study group , 2008a ; bonhomme et al . ,
the clinical profile may i... | the optic neuritis treatment trial ( ontt ) and subsequent studies have had a tremendous impact on the treatment and prognosis of optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis in adults .
the results of these studies have been extrapolated to children ; however , pediatric data are sparse . using the method of prospective pr... |
apoptosis , which protects organisms by removing potentially damaged cells and unnecessary cells after differentiation , is a widely occurring phenomenon in animal development .
apoptosis occurs in blastocyst cavitation and continues during gastrulation in mammal and chicken cells [ 2 , 3 ] .
increased caspase - li... | apoptosis plays an important role in embryonic development .
pnas-4 has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in several cancer cells . in this study , we cloned xenopus laevis pnas-4 ( xpnas-4 ) , which is homologous to the human pnas-4 gene .
bioinformatics analysis for pnas-4 indicated that xpnas-4 shared 87.6% ... |
a 13-year - old male presented with a history of decreased vision in both eyes and squint from childhood .
he reportedly had a fall from the bed at 5 months of age without any obvious consequences .
there was no history of maternal fever , significant maternal antenatal history or complications during birth .
the... | a 13-year - old male presented with decreased vision and squint from childhood .
he had bilateral large colobomata at the macula in each eye , the one on the right being larger than the left .
the disc was dragged temporally with straightening of the temporal retinal vessels .
this is a case report of bilateral l... |
the clinical and financial burden of renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) is significant , with its incidence continuing to rise worldwide during the last three decades . in 2011
, there were over 60,000 new cases and 13,000 deaths attributed to rcc in the united states alone ( 1 ) .
this rise in diagnosis is likely , at l... | purpose to assess the oncologic and functional outcomes of salvage renal surgery following failed primary intervention for rcc.materials and methods we performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent surgery for suspected rcc during 2004 - 2012 .
we identified 839 patients , 13 of whom required salvage ren... |
in eyes with age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) and choroidal neovascular membrane , intravitreal anti - vascular endothelial growth factor treatment is one of the most important treatment options.1,2 the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab ( an intravitreal anti - vascular endothelial growth factor injection ) ... | we report a case of group g streptococcus endophthalmitis following an intravitreal ranibizumab injection for a choroidal neovascular membrane .
pars plana vitrectomy was applied for endophthalmitis and group g streptococcus cultures were isolated in the vitreous samples taken from the patient .
twenty - four hours... |
34 indian - origin , outbred , young adult , male and female , specific pathogen - free ( spf ) rhesus monkeys ( macaca mulatta ) that did not express the class i alleles mamu - a*01 , mamu - b*08 , and mamu - b*17 associated with spontaneous virologic control were housed at new england primate research center , bioqua... | hiv-1-specific monoclonal antibodies ( mabs ) with extraordinary potency and breadth have recently been described . in humanized mice , combinations of mabs
have been shown to suppress viremia , but the therapeutic potential of these mabs has not yet been evaluated in primates with an intact immune system . here
we... |
this work was to investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of the exopolysaccharides produced in a stirred - tank bioreactor by inocutus hispidus .
the exopolysaccharides showed significant antioxidant activities , up to 70.72.5% inhibition of hydroxyl radicals , 50% inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylh... | |
angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors ( aceis ) are the main cause of angioedema ( ae ) induced by drugs .
they are widely prescribed in western countries and are ranked fourth of the most frequently prescribed drugs in the united states 1 .
seven percent of the belgian population uses chronically a drug of th... | key clinical messagec1 esterase inhibitor ( berinert ) is generally used to treat severe attack of hereditary angioedema .
we describe here the case of a patient who presented with a severe angioedema induced by angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors ( aceis ) endangering her life .
it could be successfully tre... |
the ability to detect and discriminate specific nucleic acid sequences within a biological mixture has implications for genome sequencing and single - nucleotide polymorphism ( snp ) detection , biowarfare target detection , and the development of an efficient point - of - care ( poc ) device for pathogen identificatio... | sensing biological agents at the genomic level , while enhancing the response time for biodetection over commonly used , optics - based techniques such as nucleic acid microarrays or enzyme - linked immunosorbent assays ( elisas ) , is an important criterion for new biosensors . here , we describe the successful detect... |
use of this method is associated with fewer complications such as aneurysms , acute ischemia in the spinal cord , and recoarctation compared to surgery and/or balloon dilatation .
however , recoarctation has been reported as its major complication.1 in previous studies , attempts were made to define clinical indicati... | background : the pulsatility index ( pi ) shows continuous blood flow to the end organs and is a significant factor believed to decrease in aortic coarctation . correction of this factor is of great importance in the treatment of stenotic lesions of the aorta . however , there are minimal data regarding the trend of ch... |
prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men in western developed countries , and the morbidity is increasing in china with the aging of the population and the advance of diagnostic techniques [ 14 ] . for patients with localized disease ,
unfortunately , approximately 30% of patients will exp... | backgroundaberrant methylation of protocadherin 17 ( pcdh17 ) has been reported in several human cancers .
however , the methylation status of pcdh17 in prostate cancer and its clinical significance remains unclear .
the aim of this study was to investigate the methylation status of pcdh17 and its clinical signific... |
over 371 million people had
diabetes in the world , which is expected to increase to 552 million by 2030 .
diabetes
also caused 4.6 million deaths and at least 465 billion us dollars in healthcare
expenditures ( 11% of total healthcare expenditures in adults aged 20 - 79 years ) in
2011 .
the data represent... | introduction : one of the most important components and
health indicators , especially among people with chronic diseases is quality of life . one
of the possible factors which may impact on quality of life of diabetic patients is family
functioning .
this study aimed to determine the relationship between famil... |
the population of oldest olds ( i.e. , 85 years and older ) is the fastest growing segment of the elderly population in the western society .
one of the major age - related diseases is osteoarthritis ( oa ) , which is more common in females [ 35 ] . in subjects between 60 and 70 years of age , prevalences of symptoma... | total hip or knee replacement is effective in improving joint function , quality of life , and pain reduction .
the oldest old population with joint replacements ( tjr ) is underrepresented in current literature .
we compared health - related and functional characteristics of oldest olds with and without tjr .
pa... |
sixty four samples of cocoa beans replicated in quadruplicates were collected from five warehouses from southwest nigeria .
after 7 days , isolates were grown in yeast extract sucrose broth containing ( 2% yeast extract , 15% sucrose ) .
the culture broths were later extracted using the method of ( varga et al . , ... | sixty four samples of cocoa beans replicated in quadruplicates were collected from five warehouses from southwest nigeria and examined for fungal loads , ergosterol and ochratoxin a the levels of all the variables obtained were further used as indices for cocoa grading into food quality , foq ( erg < 5 mg / kg ; ota
... |
the present study was part of a research project focussing on mental health in rwandese prisoners ( schaal , weierstall , dusingizemungu , & elbert , 2011 ) . the data were collected in the prisons of butare and kigali , rwanda with the permissions of the ministry of science and technology and the ministry of internal ... | background the cumulative exposure to life - threatening events increases the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder ( ptsd ) .
however , over the course of evolutionary adaptation , intra - species killing may have also evolved as an inborn strategy leading to greater reproductive success .
assuming that homicide ... |
the complement system
is implicated in the onset and progression
of a number of autoinflammatory diseases . despite growing efforts to identify new complement - targeted therapeutics ,
only one ( eculizumab , alexion ) is currently in the clinic .
there is a growing need for new therapeutics to treat chronic in... | compstatin peptides are complement
inhibitors that bind and inhibit
cleavage of complement c3 .
peptide binding is enhanced by hydrophobic
interactions ; however , poor solubility promotes aggregation in aqueous
environments .
we have designed new compstatin peptides derived from
the w4a9 sequence ( ac - ... |
doctor - patient communication is considered an important marker of health - care quality,1 and the social - psychological aspects of the patient - physician interaction are increasingly recognized as complementary to the more technical aspects of medical care.2,3 high quality doctor - patient communication involves mu... | backgrounddoctor - patient communication is an important marker of health - care quality .
little is known about the extent to which medical comorbidities , disease severity and depressive symptoms influence perceptions of doctor - patient communication in patients with chronic disease.methodsin a cross - sectional s... |
fever in the context of critical illness is a frequent occurrence and can raise the concern that an infection or other inflammatory process , such as pancreatitis , is present . in this situation , the evaluative process for the cause of fever may result in important modifications in treatment , including initiation or... | fever is a common occurrence in the intensive care unit , and pharmacologic approaches are limited , particularly in patients unable to tolerate enteral medications .
although a study by morris and colleagues in the previous issue of critical care suggests that intravenous ibuprofen is safe and effective in criticall... |
aspergillosis is a mycotic disease affecting a diverse range of human and animal hosts , including mammals and birds . in cats , two forms of aspergillosis
affect the upper respiratory tract : sinonasal aspergillosis ( sna ) and sino - orbital aspergillosis ( soa ) . in dogs , sna accounts for > 99% of reported cases... | case summary a 13-year - old , castrated male , british shorthair cat presented for investigation of chronic , intermittent , bilateral epistaxis and stertor .
ct revealed severe asymmetric bilateral intranasal involvement with extensive turbinate lysis , increased soft tissue attenuation and lysis of the sphenopalat... |
preeclampsia is one of the most important and common complications during pregnancy and is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality with variable prevalence in the world .
pregnancy - induced hypertension can result in damages on liver , brain and kidney in mothers and cause problems such as left ventri... | background and objectives : preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality . despite numerous studies , its etiology is unknown .
recently there has been attention towards folic acid .
this study examined the association of folic acid consumption and its serum levels with preeclampsia.materi... |
anxiety is one of the leading challenges which patients with cancer encounter along the path of diagnosis and treatment .
psychological distress commonly appears around the time of the diagnosis as well as in various pre- , during- , and post - treatment settings ( surgery , chemotherapy , etc . ) .
the prevalence ... | music therapy is a significant modality in the treatment of patients with cancer , who suffer emotional and spiritual distress as well as chemotherapy side effects that impair their quality of life . in this article , we present a case study of a patient challenged with recurrent ovarian cancer who received , concomita... |
glaucoma with corneal disorders including ocular surface diseases is one of the most refractory types of glaucoma .
filtering surgery often fails due to severe inflammation , recurrent conjunctival scarring , proliferation of subconjunctival fibrous tissue , and the high risk of infection in patients taking immunosup... | purposeto report the cases of six consecutive patients who underwent amniotic membrane ( am)-assisted trabeculectomy ( tle ) to treat refractory glaucoma with severe corneal disorders.methodsthis study involved six patients ( three males and three females , mean age : 69.515.8 years ) with refractory glaucoma and sever... |
dioxins , a family of toxic chemical compounds that are highly stable and readily bioaccumulate , have been the focus of extensive research for several decades [ 1 , 2 ] .
investigations have shown that these compounds can arise naturally from forest fires and cooking ; however , industrial processes , such as paper ... | the aryl - hydrocarbon receptor ( ahr ) , a ligand activated pas superfamily transcription factor , mediates most , if not all , of the toxicity induced upon exposure to various dioxins , dibenzofurans , and planar polyhalogenated biphenyls . while ahr - mediated gene regulation plays a central role in the toxic respon... |
a 23-year - old spray painter developed contact dermatitis and respiratory difficulty characterized by small airways obstruction shortly after the polyfunctional aziridine cross - linker cx-100 began to be used in his workplace as a paint activator .
the symptoms resolved after he was removed from the workplace and w... | |
baylor and berg reported the incidence of ppl as < 0.5% in their pathology series of 5,000 pancreatic tumors .
a review of the literature between 1951 and 1999 included 122 patients , a more recent review compiled 11 series published between 1985 and 2005 and included 103 patients ; 4 other patients were reported fro... | primary pancreatic lymphoma ( ppl ) is a rare tumor that usually presents with the clinical picture of advanced adenocarcinoma but has a much better prognosis .
a 38-year - old man was referred after percutaneous transhepatic external biliary drainage for obstructive jaundice . abdominal magnetic resonance imaging ( ... |
rod photoreceptors were recently shown to contact off cone bipolar cells , providing a novel pathway for rod signal flow in the mammalian retina . by recording from pairs of rods and off cone bipolar cells in the ground squirrel , we measured the synaptic responses of mammalian rods unfiltered by the slow kinetics of t... | |
common precipitants of acute kidney injury ( aki ) include prerenal causes , intrinsic renal disease of various types , including both glomerular and nonglomerular diseases and postrenal causes such as urinary tract obstruction .
prerenal etiologies and acute tubular injury ( ati ) are among the most common causes of... | we describe a 61-year - old woman with acute kidney injury , nephrotic range proteinuria and hematuria .
kidney biopsy showed membranous glomerulopathy ( mg ) with superimposed pauci - immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis ( pncgn ) .
coexistent mg and pncgn is a rare occurrence .
the diagnosis of such... |
the european association of urology 2014 guidelines for the treatment of nephrolithiasis recommend percutaneous nephrolithotomy ( pcnl ) as a first method of choice for stones > 2 cm and shockwave lithotripsy ( swl ) for stones < 1 cm . for stones between 1 and 2 cm , either swl , retrograde intrarenal surgery ( rirs )... | purposeto investigate the effect of performing shockwave lithotripsy ( swl ) before retrograde intrarenal surgery ( rirs ) on the treatment outcomes of patients with nephrolithiasis.materials and methodsthe data of 189 patients with renal stones who underwent rirs from july 2007 to july 2014 was reviewed retrospectivel... |
one of the most common postural problems is the forward head posture ( fhp ) .
the repetitive
use of computers has forced many computer users to adopt a fhp1 , 2 .
for example , szeto et
al.1 compared the head , neck , and
shoulder postures of office workers with and without pain symptoms in these regions , w... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neck retraction
taping on forward head posture and the upper trapezius muscle of computer workers during
computer work .
[ subjects ] twelve males aged 2030 years were recruited .
[ methods ] we
measured forward head angle and upper trape... |
it is predictable that bone can not be stimulated to grow beyond its inherent potential , and consequently , extractions are sometimes necessary to treat certain malocclusions .
malocclusions can be treated by several means , according to the characteristics associated with the problem , such as antero - posterior di... | objective : to evaluate the upper airway dimensions in adolescents treated for bimaxillary proclination with first premolar extraction.materials and methods : a retrospective cephalometric evaluation was carried out on the available pre and post orthodontic treatment records of 150 patients ( 12 - 18 years of age ) who... |
the authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest . | scenes in the real world carry large amounts of information about color , texture , shading , illumination , and occlusion giving rise to our perception of a rich and detailed environment .
in contrast , line drawings have only a sparse subset of scene contours .
nevertheless , they also trigger vivid three - dimen... |
bronchial hyperreactivity is a characteristic feature of bronchial asthma and there are allergen - specific and nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivities .
allergen - specific bronchial hyperreactivity is only observed in extrinsic asthma , but nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity is increased by several factors , inc... | bronchial hyperreactivity is a characteristic feature of bronchial asthma .
recent respiratory infections , allergic rhinitis , atopic family history , pulmonary tuberculosis , pulmonary sarcoidosis , cystic fibrosis , and farmer s lung have also been demonstrated to have bronchial hyperreactivity to inhaled methacho... |
rate equations characterizing the commuting dynamics among subpopulations can be defined by using the variables nkk(t ) and nkk(t ) as ( 5)tnkk(t)=knkk(t)+1kknkk(t)p(k|k ) ,
( 6)tnkk(t)=kknkk(t)1nkk(t ) , where kk is the rate at which an individual of subpopulation k commutes to neighboring subpopulation k. then , co... | human mobility and activity patterns mediate contagion on many levels , including : spatial spread of infectious diseases , diffusion of rumors , and emergence of consensus .
these patterns however are often dominated by specific locations and recurrent flows and poorly modeled by the random diffusive dynamics genera... |
the recent tragic events unfolding in western africa have sparked a renewed interest in a deadly yet mysterious disease .
the genus ebolavirus , known to cause ebola hemorrhagic fever , is a group of rna viruses that derives its name from the river next to which it was discovered .
it is a member of the filovirus f... | ebola hemorrhagic fever is a deadly disease caused by several species of ebolavirus .
the current outbreak of 2014 is unique in that it has affected a greater number of people than ever before .
it also has an unusual geographic distribution .
nonspecific findings such as fever and generalized weakness have tradi... |
chronic hypercholesterolemia is a critical risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) , which is the most common cause of death worldwide [ 14 ] .
furthermore , low - density lipoprotein ( ldl ) is the major atherogenic lipoprotein and the primary target of cholesterol - lowering therapy because... | hypercholesterolemia can be a consequence of excessive dietary saturated fatty acid ( sfa ) , while almond - supplemented diets can improve lipid profiles .
however , the differential and independent impacts of dietary sfa and almondsupplemented diets on plasma total cholesterol ( ptc ) and low - density lipoprotein ... |
gene activation can be studied at several levels : transcription ( mrna ) , translation ( proteins ) , or phenotypical alterations ( functional activity or morphology ) .
these levels can be studied in situ or biochemically by the use of specific probes for normal or altered dna , mrna , or proteins .
immunological... | |
a 13-year - old male with a history of recurrent intussusception at ages 2 and 5 presented with recurrent intussusception 8 years later .
the diagnosis was made using computed tomography , and the patient underwent a laparoscopic ileocecectomy with an uneventful postoperative course .
the specimen was remarkable... | background : intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in infants and children . although early recurrence is not uncommon , recurrence years later is rare.methods:a 13-year - old male with a history of recurrent intussusception at ages 2 and 5 presented with recurrent intussusception 8 years later ... |
pain is an integral part of human pathosis . however , its intensity , nature , type , duration , and progress differ with the degree of pathology . amongst the pain off hand reported by a majority of the population ,
one of the frequent is dental pain with higher intensity as comparable to other types of pain in acc... | background : this study aimed to analyze knowledge , attitude and practice of general dental practitioners regarding the use of devitalizing agents in their respective practice.materials and methods : a total of 100 practicing general dentists were randomly chosen as per the list of practitioners available to local sta... |
lymphoma is a type of highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy , which includes two major categories : hodgkin lymphoma ( hl ) and non - hodgkin lymphoma ( nhl ) .
the incidence and mortality rates of lymphoma increased steadily in recent years all over the world especially in the developed countries ( 1 , 2 ) .... | background : coffee is implicated in the susceptibility to several cancers .
however , the association between coffee and lymphoma remains unclear . this meta - analysis aimed to assess quantitatively
the association between coffee and the incidence of lymphoma.methods:a literature search was performed for cohort a... |
cardiac defects in adults are usually sporadic and rarely considered to be part of a hereditary syndrome
. the presence of other congenital malformations or a positive family history should alert the clinician to the possibility of an underlying , possibly genetic cause [ 1 , 2 ] .
, a cardiac defect can also be th... | backgroundcardiac defects can be the presenting symptom in patients with mutations in the x - linked gene flna .
dysfunction of this gene is associated with cardiac abnormalities , especially in the left ventricular outflow tract , but can also cause a congenital malformation of the cerebral cortex .
we noticed tha... |
although no established method exists to evaluate movement in direction change , the gait
ability test of the meiji yasuda life foundation of health and welfare is often used1 . in this test
, a 10.0-m walkway is set up
with two points indicating where to change direction on the left and right , at intervals of
... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to ascertain the kinematic characteristics on a
horizontal plane , including knee joint rotation , when walking with a tandem gait on a sine
wave walkway .
[ subjects and methods ] eighteen healthy adults were enrolled as subjects in
this study .
they walked with a ta... |
the 22 menw cases reported during january 1 , 2013december 31 , 2015 , were in older persons than is typically seen for imd ( 9 cases were in persons > 70 years of age ) .
median age of these 22 case - patients was 56 years ; median age was 19 years for patients with serogroup b infections .
bacteremia was the pred... | in victoria , australia , invasive meningococcal disease caused by neisseria meningitidis serogroup w increased from 4% of all cases in 2013 to 30% in 2015 .
this increase resulted largely from strains similar to those in the serogroup w sequence type 11 clonal complex , previously described in the united kingdom and... |
epidural analgesia is commonly used for perioperative anesthesia , postoperative pain control , chronic pain , and cancer - related pain.1
2 epidural catheters are mostly inserted or removed without complications .
however , breakage of epidural catheters occurs , albeit rarely , because of inflicted trauma during ... | study design case report .
objectives to describe a case of delayed - onset spinal hematoma following the breakage of a spinal epidural catheter .
methods the authors describe the clinical case review
.
results a 64-year - old woman had undergone epidural anesthesia 18 years before she was referred to our h... |
increased respiratory disease and daily mortality rates are associated with higher levels of fine particulate air pollutants .
we examined the possibility that deposition of even inert particles to previously injured lungs may accentuate pulmonary damage by investigating how the lung handles small carbon particles de... | |
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) currently affects approximately 8.3% of the population and more than 79 million people have prediabetes .
diabetics are more susceptible to infections due to increased glucose levels and suppressed immune response as well as the neuropathy and decreased blood flow to extremities that lead to ... | diabetes mellitus ( dm ) affects 23.6 million people in the usa and approximately 2025% of diabetic patients will develop foot ulceration during the course of their disease . up to a quarter of these patients will develop infections that will necessitate amputation .
although many studies report that the rates of ant... |
death receptor activation leads to the formation of death receptor signaling platforms , which activate caspase cascade resulting in the demolition of the cell.quantitative regulation of death receptor network until recently has been poorly understood.within the last decade , a number of mathematical models of death re... | the extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated by death receptor activation .
death receptor activation leads to the formation of death receptor signaling platforms , resulting in the demolition of the cell .
despite the fact that death receptor - mediated apoptosis has been studied to a high level of detail , its qu... |
knowing the fact that both tryr and gr has exclusive substrate specificity , various molecules have been explored as inhibitors of tryr which includes hydrophobic linear polyamine derivatives and the naturally occurring bis ( tetrahydrocinnamoyl ) spermine , ponasik et al . to further address the need for new compounds... | trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are two most ruinous parasitic infectious diseases caused by trypanosoma and leishmania species .
the disease affects millions of people all over the world and associated with high morbidity and mortality rates .
the review discuss briefly on current treatment of these parasitic di... |
partial gastrectomy , gastroenterostomy , pyloromyotomy , pyloroplasty and endoscopic dilatation have all been recommended with variable results .
a 54-year - old white female is presented with the onset of symptoms of idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis one year prior to operation .
idiopathic hypertrop... | background and objectives : idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis , in adults , is a rare disease .
partial gastrectomy , gastroenterostomy , pyloromyotomy , pyloroplasty and endoscopic dilatation have all been recommended with variable results .
a 54-year - old white female is presented with the onset of sympto... |
liposomes are vesicular structures that can form via the accumulation of lipids interacting with one another in an energetically favorable manner . depending upon the structure and the composition of the bulk solution
these vesicles are not rigid formations but rather are fluid entities that are versatile supramolecu... | liposomes have a wide array of uses that have been continuously expanded and improved upon since first being observed to self - assemble into vesicular structures .
these arrangements can be found in many shapes and sizes depending on lipid composition .
liposomes are often used to deliver a molecular cargo such as... |
traditionally , gustilo anderson grade iiib open tibial fractures have been treated by initial wide wound debridement , stabilization of fracture with external fixation , and delayed wound closure.1 however , several complications such as deep infection , malunion and nonunion have been reported after treatment using t... | background : traditionally , gustilo anderson grade iiib open tibial fractures have been treated by initial wide wound debridement , stabilization of fracture with external fixation , and delayed wound closure . the purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of staged treatment using neg... |
the clinicopathological characteristics of rippled - pattern sebaceoma ( rps ) are that it arises with a significant predominance in males and most frequently on the scalp , whereas sebaceoma without a rippled pattern arises on the face .
he had hit his head on his garage roof 20 years prior to the initial consultati... | a 72-year - old male visited a nearby hospital with a large tumor in his occipital region , which had existed since 20 years .
since malignant tumor was suspected , he was referred to our department . at the initial consultation , an elastic - hard , yellow - brown , sessile tumor , measuring 8 7 5 cm and with a fl... |
amyand 's hernia is an extremely rare condition in which the inguinal hernia sac contains the appendix .
this unusual situation is estimated to occur in approximately one percent of adult inguinal hernia cases .
we describe a case of acute appendicitis in the inguinal hernia sac with an incarceration in the externa... | amyand 's hernia is an extremely rare condition in which the appendix is positioned in the inguinal hernia sac .
acute appendicitis is much less common in this situation and few reports are found in the literature .
we report a case of acute appendicitis with the tip of the appendix incarcerated outside the externa... |
successful restorative treatment with implants is related to the mechanical stability between the abutment and the implant.1 one of the main problems that jeopardizes this stability is screw loosening , the main causes of which include excessive abutment - implant ( ai ) joint bending and settling effects.2 a retrospec... | purposethe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of abutment screw length and cyclic loading on the removal torque ( rtv ) in external hex ( eh ) and internal hex ( ih ) implants.materials and methodsforty screw - retained single crowns were connected to external and internal hex implants .
the prepared t... |
one of the most prominent symptoms of chf is severe exercise intolerance with marked fatigue and dyspnea at low exercise workloads .
the severity of symptomatic exercise limitation varies between patients with chf and appears to be unrelated to the extent of left ventricular systolic dysfunction at rest .
periphera... | chronic heart failure ( chf ) is a common condition with a poor prognosis .
it is associated with poor exercise tolerance and debilitating symptoms .
these symptoms appear to be associated with pathophysiological changes that occur systemically in the patient with chf .
exercise training in carefully selected pat... |
non - traumatic cervical spine lesions are frequent and include neoplastic , spondylotic , infectious , and inflammatory lesions , or congenital anomalies .
these lesions may be seen in any age group and affect both males and females equally . symptoms and signs are variable and extend from a localized or radicular p... | neoplastic cervical spine lesions are seen infrequently by the spinal surgeon .
the surgical management of these tumors , particularly with associated neurovascular compromise , is challenging in terms of achieving proper resection and spinal stabilization and ensuring no subsequent recurrence or failure of fixation ... |
moyamoya syndrome , characterized by progressive stenosis resulting in occlusion of the intracranial circulation and extensive collateralization , produces a characteristic angiographic puff of smoke appearance . the supraclinoid internal carotid artery is primarily affected and the disease may manifest with ischemic s... | moyamoya syndrome is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive occlusion of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery and proximal portions of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries resulting in an extensive network of collateralized blood vessels and producing a characteristic angiographic appeara... |
clinical evaluation and differential diagnosis of tumor masses developed in the lateral cervical area can be difficult , because of the heterogeneity of the lesions likely involved .
most frequently these can be enlarged neck lymph nodes ( inflammatory or metastatic causes ) , other inflammatory pathology , thyroid g... | abstractgiven that the clinical and radiological examinations of lateral cervical masses are not always sufficient for deciding on appropriate management , the cytological examination of the material obtained by fine - needle aspiration might be an efficient tool in the preoperative investigation of these lesions.in th... |
root resorption is a multifactorial process that is classified as internal or external according to location .
internal root resorption is less common and occurs isolatedly as a result of chronic inflammation or pulpal infection , orthodontic movement , herpes zoster , or idiopathic factors .
external root resorpti... | idiopathic root resorption ( irr ) is an infrequent condition that is usually found as an accidental finding on radiography .
a significant number of cases of irr in permanent dentition have been presented but are rarely reported in primary dentition .
the aim of this case report is to present a case of localized i... |
total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis is considered a standard surgical approach for diffuse , medically refractory ulcerative colitis with rectal involvement .
loop ileostomy is commonly used to divert the fecal stream , and is employed as part of a two - staged procedure , with restoration of cont... | eosinophilic enteritis is a rather rare condition that can manifest anywhere from esophagus to rectum .
its description in the literature is sparse , but associations have been made with collagen vascular disease , malignancy , food allergy , parasitic or viral infections , inflammatory bowel disease , and drug sensi... |
this phenomenon was first described by rubler et al . and was termed diabetic cardiomyopathy .
diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by structural and functional changes in the heart , such as elevated left ventricular ( lv ) mass , myocardial fibrosis , and abnormal diastolic function [ 4 , 5 ] .
however , th... | patients with diabetes often develop hypertension and atherosclerosis leading to cardiovascular disease .
however , some diabetic patients develop heart failure without hypertension and coronary artery disease , a process termed diabetic cardiomyopathy .
phlorizin has been reported to be effective as an antioxidant... |
oral lichenoid reactions or lesions ( olrs / olls ) are clinical and histological contemporaries of oral lichen planus ( olp ) often indistinguishable in manifestations .
the benchmark of differentiation between the two groups is the association of the former with known inciting factors , which when identified and el... | background : oral lichenoid lesions or reactions ( olls / olrs ) are clinical and histological contemporaries of the classical oral lichen planus ( olp ) that have generated a lot of debate in literature .
in contrast to the idiopathic nature of olp , olls are often associated with a known identifiable inciting facto... |
the development of the dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization ( dnp ) method has allowed hyperpolarized metabolites to probe new frontiers in biomedical research and medical imaging ( 1 ) . hyperpolarized [ 1-c]pyruvate has been used extensively in vivo to probe cardiac metabolism in basic research ( 25 ) , and is tr... | purposehyperpolarized metabolic imaging has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and management of diseases where metabolism is dysregulated , such as heart disease .
we investigated the feasibility of imaging rodent myocardial metabolism at high resolution at 7 t.methodswe present here a fly - back spectral ... |
there is no doubt that behavioral intervention is crucial for type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) prevention and management . as the prevention of the disease
is concerned , it has been demonstrated that the incidence of type 2 diabetes could be reduced by almost 60% among patients with prediabetes through a weight lo... | there is no doubt that behavioral intervention is crucial for type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) prevention and management .
we aimed to estimate dietary habits and diet - oriented knowledge as well as the level of physical activity in 2500 insulin - treated polish type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) patients ( 55.4% ... |
the production of intervention research is key to informing efforts at improving population health .
randomised controlled trials ( rcts ) are considered the most internally valid study design and provide the strongest evidence of causal relationships between intervention ( exposure ) and outcome(s ) examined .
ob... | backgroundsystematic reviews of high - quality evidence are used to inform policy and practice . to improve community health , the production of such reviews should align with burden of disease .
this study aims to assess if the volume of research output from systematic reviews proportionally aligns with burden of di... |
the neurogenic urinary bladder is defined as a dysfunctional bladder associated with a known neurological injury , which can be spinal cord injury ( sci ) , multiple sclerosis ( ms ) , spina bifida , etc . .
although the term has been known for at least 30 years now and the concepts behind it are continuously evolvi... | introductionthe neurogenic urinary bladder has been known for at least 30 years now and the concepts behind it are continuously evolving , but there is actually not much work that has been done to accumulate solid clinical evidence in this field .
we review the surgical and experimental techniques used in the managem... |
schizophrenia is a severe and chronic psychiatric disorder that affects ~1% of the population worldwide .
although its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear , there is compelling evidence from family , twin and adoption studies supporting the involvement of a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia , with an e... | backgroundcognitive dysfunction has been recognized as a cardinal feature of schizophrenia .
elucidating the neurobiological substrates of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia would help identify the underlying mechanism of this disorder .
the rs1064395 single nucleotide polymorphism , within the gene encoding ne... |
gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis and an uncommon cause of mechanical bowel obstruction [ 1 , 2 ] .
however , there are areas where the incidence of gallstone ileus may be higher , such as chile , mexico and another nations [ 3 , 4 , 5 ] .
the incidence of gallstone ileus in mexico is similar... | gallstone ileus is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction which usually presents in elderly female patients and which has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates .
we present the case of a 63-year - old man who presented at our institution with symptoms of bowel obstruction .
abdominal x - ray and ... |
it is well understood that engaging in regular physical activity ( pa ) has beneficial physiological and psychological effects on health and well being in adults and children [ 25 ] .
specifically , the protective mechanism of pa for the primary and secondary prevention of obesity - related diseases including cardiov... | obesity and obesity - related diseases ( cardiovascular disease / metabolic risk factors ) are experienced differently in individuals from different ethnic backgrounds , which originate in childhood .
physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for obesity and related diseases .
both physical activity and metabol... |
hypothermia has been shown by landmark studies to improve neurologic outcome in patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) , .
it has , however , become clear that a rapid onset of hypothermia and a controlled , slow rewarming are critical to improve the outcome of those patients . despite this compelling... | objective : hypothermia has been shown to reduce neurologic deficits in patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) . it was not clear if intravascular cooling is superior to standard external cooling in inducing hypothermia .
goal of this study was to compare intravascular cooling with an automated cooling ... |
but direct proof of multiple cd4 t cell subsets was a long time in coming . until the mid-1980s
, the field lacked two critical techniques : the ability to generate and maintain long - term t cell clones in vitro ; and assays to detect and measure t cell secreted cytokines . by 1986 , mosmann , then at dnax research... | in the late 1980s , tim mosmann and colleagues isolated functionally distinct t helper ( th)-1 and th2 clones , and provided evidence that these two subsets were mutually inhibitory . knowledge of the inhibition led to the discovery that th2 cells make il-10 to suppress th1 cells . |
a giant ( 3 times of diameter of the coronary artery ) coronary cameral fistula ( ccf ) of the left main coronary artery ( lmca ) associated with patent ductus arteriosus ( pda ) is rare .
the origin , course of the fistulous tract , size , neighboring structures , exit , shunt size , symptoms and associated with com... | a 7-year - old female child presented with pyrexia of unknown origin .
she had received an empirical regimen of antibiotic for possible endocarditis .
evaluation included multiple imaging supports and blood culture .
she had left main coronary artery to right atrium coronary cameral fistula , restricted patent du... |
a 69-year - old caucasian woman presented to outside hospital with complaints of chest pain and shortness of breath .
chest pain started approximately a week ago and lasted for about 5 days but then subsided for a day .
next day , the patient was experiencing continuous chest tightness both on right and left side .... | ventricular septal defect ( vsd ) is a rare complication of right ventricular infarction ( rvi ) which is associated with significant mortality , if not treated appropriately .
it typically occurs within the first 1014 days after myocardial infarction .
surgical repair has been shown to reduce in - hospital mortali... |
implantation of 1st generation drug - eluting stents ( dess ) has significantly reduced the incidence of restenosis and the need for repeat revascularization , compared to previously used bare - metal stents.1)2 ) however , increased use of dess has raised safety issues regarding the occurrence of stent thrombosis.3)4 ... | an 80-year old woman suffered from sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea , and visited the emergency room .
she received stent implantation with a biolimus a9-eluting stent ( nobori 3.024 mm ) at a the mid - portion of the left anterior descending artery 5 months prior to admission .
the emergency 5-month follow -... |
prostate cancer ( 38% ) and breast cancer ( 20% ) are the most common malignancies that result in skull - base metastasis ( sbm ) .
in contrast , sbm from hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is an exceedingly rare condition .
therefore , we report a case of sbm from hcc , with the detailed clinical course , treatment ... | abstractskull - base metastasis ( sbm ) from hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is extremely rare , and multiple cranial nerve paralysis due to sbm from hcc is also rare .
we report a case of bulbar and facial paralysis due to sbm from hcc.a 46-year - old chinese man presented with a hepatic right lobe lesion that was ... |
preeclampsia and eclampsia ( pe ) are major pregnancy specific syndromes that contribute to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in india .
the incidence of pe ranges from 2% to 10% , depending on the population studied and criteria used for diagnosis .
pe are gestational hypertensive disorders develop after ... | background : preeclampsia and eclampsia ( pe ) are pregnancy specific syndromes that contribute to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality .
the identification of its predisposing factors in the pre - pregnancy and initial stage of pregnancy will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality.aim:the aim of this stu... |
many patients presenting for cataract surgery are interested in achieving good - quality vision at distance , intermediate , and near without the use of spectacles or contact lenses .
multifocal intraocular lenses ( iols ) that can provide a wide range of clear and comfortable vision attempt to meet the objective of ... | purposeto compare the visual acuity ( va ) and quality of vision between bilateral implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens ( iol ) and blended bifocal iols with an intermediate add in the dominant eye and a near add in the nondominant eye.patients and methodspatients with either trifocal or blended bifocal iols imp... |
atherosclerotic vascular disease starts to develop early in life and continues to progress for decades as a silent process .
this condition , so - called subclinical atherosclerosis , is highly prevalent in the general adult population . during this period ,
nonobstructive atherosclerotic plaques may not cause isch... | aims : we investigated the relationship between coronary artery calcium score ( cacs ) and coronary artery disease ( cad ) on coronary computed tomography angiography ( ccta ) , and measures of left ventricular diastolic function ( dd).methods : we included 429 consecutive patients ( 39% women ; mean age 49 12 years )... |
persistent air leaks are defined as those lasting more than 5 days postoperatively , without forced expiration or expulsion maneuvers .
increased morbidity , prolonged hospitalizations , and increased treatment costs are associated with persistent air leaks .
the most common treatment of persistent air leaks is the... | backgroundpersistent air leak is one of the most common complications of lung diseases and pulmonary resections .
prolonged hospitalization , increased morbidity , and increased overall treatment costs arise from persistent air leaks .
the use of endobronchial valves ( ebvs ) in the management of air leaks is an im... |
almost one - half of current medicare enrollees have no third - party insurance for prescription drug coverage .
data from the 1992 medicare current beneficiary survey ( mcbs ) show that 37 percent of non - institutionalized enrollees had drug coverage through private insurance , and another 14 percent were covered t... | people enrolled in medicare account for more than one - third of all outpatient prescription drug expenditures in the united states .
that being the case , a proposed prescription drug benefit under the medicare program would insure a substantial part of the market and would create the largest expansion of the progra... |
the immune system is controlled by cytokine - mediated communication that is dependent on the janus kinase ( jak)- signal transducer and activator of transcription ( stat ) signaling pathway and downstream changes in gene expression ( levy and darnell , 2002 ) .
failures in cytokine responses can result in disorders... | summarygene regulation by cytokine - activated transcription factors of the signal transducer and activator of transcription ( stat ) family requires serine phosphorylation within the transactivation domain ( tad ) .
stat1 and stat3 tad phosphorylation occurs upon promoter binding by an unknown kinase . here
, we s... |
both primary hepatocellular carcinomas ( hcc ) and cancers metastasized to the liver are notoriously aggressive .
recent advance include the approval of multikinase inhibitor sorafenib ( nexavar ; bayer , morristown , nj , usa ) by the food and drug administration for advanced hcc . survival of these patients is impr... | primary and metastatic neoplasms of the liver account for more than a million deaths per year worldwide . despite decades of research , effective novel therapies for these cancers are urgently needed .
oncolytic virotherapeutics represent a novel class of pharmacophore that holds promise for the treatment of hepatic ... |
the dissolution of textile glass fibers of four different compositions has been investigated at 37 degrees c. in these glasses , which are isolation type , the p2o5 contents scatter between 0 and 2 wt% and al2o3 from 0.12 to 3.4 wt% . both static ( 30-mg fibers ; 250-ml solution ) and dynamic ( 50-mg fibers ; 40 ml / d... | |
atrial fibrillation ( af ) is a common arrhythmia that is a potent independent risk factor for stroke and has a significant impact on longevity , approximately doubling all - cause and cardiovascular mortality rates .
there are an estimated 2.2 million people in the united states ( u.s . ) with af , with a median age... | atrial fibrillation ( af ) is a common arrhythmia that is a potent independent risk factor for stroke .
the incidence of af increase with age and most affected people have underlying cardiac disease .
this study aimed to describe the prevalence of and risk factors for af in korean . in this study , 14,540 adults ( ... |
the differential diagnosis of neck mass in childhood encompasses congenital , inflammatory , and neoplastic origins .
a congenital neck mass is usually present at birth , however may present at any age . among the non - inflammatory neck masses in children , branchial cleft cyst , thyroglossal duct cyst , hemangioma ... | mucoceles are common benign cystic lesions of the oral cavity that develop following extravasation or retention of mucous material from the major or minor salivary glands .
mucoceles are usually located in the lower lip ( 60 to 70% of cases ) , and the floor of the mouth is only involved in 6 to 15% of cases .
subm... |
accurate calculation of biometric measurements and the power of the intraocular lens ( iol ) to be implanted is an important issue in preventing residual errors that may remain after cataract surgery which is also described as a kind of refractive surgery [ 1 , 2 ] .
the importance of biometric measurements is even g... | purpose . to assess the repeatability and reproducibility of ocular biometry and intraocular lens ( iol ) power measurements obtained by ophthalmology residents using an al - scan device , a novel optical biometer .
methods .
two ophthalmology residents were instructed regarding the al - scan device .
both perfor... |
mediastinal lymph node metastases are common in lung and esophageal cancer and rare in the primary extrathoracic malignancy .
treatment possibilities include surgery , external beam radiotherapy ( ebrt ) , chemotherapy and from the 90 's brachytherapy .
surgical procedures such as mediastinal lymphadenectomy , ante... | background : percutaneous brachytherapy is a valuable method for the treatment of lung cancer and mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis .
however , in some of the metastatic lymph nodes in the middle mediastinum , the percutaneous approach can not be used safely due to possible damage to surrounding anatomical structure... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.