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Which is the most common cause for dissecting aneurysm of thoracic aoa?: (A) Atherosclerosis, (B) Medial degeneration, (C) Syphilis, (D) Trauma | Answer is B. Aoic dissection is a catastrophic illness characterized by dissection of blood in between and along the laminar planes of the media,with the formation of a blood filled channel within the aoic wall; this channel often ruptures through the adventitia and into various spaces, where it causes either massive h... | |
True about slow sand filter is -: (A) Occupies less space, (B) More expensive, (C) Requires longer duration, (D) Sand size 0.4-0.7 mm | Answer is C. Option A - wrong, slow sand filter occupy more space Option B - wrong, it is less expensive Option C - correct, rate of filtration is very slow (2-3m.g.a.d.) hence takes longer time Option D - wrong, effective sand size in slow sand filter is 0.2-0.3 mm (PARK TB 25th edition pg 773) | |
In left sided massive pneumotliorax, ECG shows all,except -: (A) Left axis deviation, (B) Absent R wave, (C) Peaked P wave, (D) Precordial T wave inversion | Answer is A. None | |
Careless handling of a suspected case of cervical spine injury may result in:: (A) Injury to the spinal cord leading to quadriparesis or quadriplegia, (B) Intracranial haemorrhage with cerebral imtation or unconsciousness, (C) Cervical haematoma with compression of brachial vessels, (D) Complete paralysis of the affect... | Answer is A. A i.e. Injury to the spinal cord leading to quadriparesis or quadriplegia | |
Angular pregnancy refers to:: (A) Ectopic pregnancy of Interstitial pa of FT, (B) Intrauterine pregnancy, (C) Heterotopic pregnancy, (D) Ectopic pregnancy of broad ligament | Answer is B. Angular pregnancy : It is defined as pregnancy implanted in one of the lateral angles of uterine cavity It may progress to term Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 168. | |
Maximum radiation dose tolerable tissue is-: (A) Hemopoietic tissue, (B) Testis, (C) Ovary, (D) Bone | Answer is D. A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.
Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body,
and enable mobility. | |
WHO stage IV HIV includes all, except:: (A) Toxoplasmosis, (B) Pneumocystic carinii, (C) HIV wasting syndrome, (D) Oral thrush | Answer is D. Ans is 'd' i.e. Oral thrush WHO has developed a clinical staging system, based on clinical criteria. Clinical condition or performance score, whichever is the higher, determines whether a patient is at clinical stage 1, 2, 3, or 4.Clinical Stage III Weight loss, >10% of body weightUnexplained chronic diarr... | |
A Patient is on regular medications for co-existing medical problems. Which of the following drugs may be stopped safely with minimal risk of adverse effects before an abdominal surgery –: (A) Statins, (B) Bta Blockers, (C) ACE inhibitors/ACE Receptor Blockers, (D) Steroids | Answer is C. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers should be discontinued 12 to 24 hours before surgery if taken only for hypertension, as they may produce hypotension, which is not responsive to conventional vasopressors.
Statins, Beta Blockers and Steroids should not be stopped ab... | |
A 15- year -female patient develops loss of appetite, cough followed by neck rigidity. CSF examination shows- glucose 40 mg%,protein 150mg%. chloride 52 meq/lit. with full of lymphocytes. The likely diaganosis is -: (A) Tubercular meningitis, (B) Brain abscess, (C) Bacterial meningitis, (D) Viral encephalitis | Answer is A. None | |
The widest transverse diameter of the fetal skull is: (A) Biparietal diameter, (B) Occipito-frontal diameter, (C) Bitemporal diameter, (D) Suboccipito-frontal diameter | Answer is A. Transverse diameters of fetal skull are
Biparietal diameter: 9.5cm
Super-subparietal: 8.5cm
Bitemporal: 8cm
Bimastoid: 7.5cm | |
The coronary sinus: (A) Lies in anterior pa of the coronary sulcus, (B) Ends in right atrium, (C) Has venae cordis minimae as its tributaries, (D) Develops from right anterior cardinal vein | Answer is B. Coronary Sinus is the largest vein of hea.it ends by opening to posterior of Right atrium. <img src=" /> BD CHAURASIA'S HUMAN ANATOMY,VOL:1,6TH EDITION,PAGE NO:266 | |
In a denture wearing patient, there is: (A) No bone resorption, (B) Bone formation, (C) Independent of denture, there is bone resorption, (D) Initial bone resorption, followed by bone formation | Answer is C. None | |
A 65 year old white male in previously good health sta to notice blood in his urine. He develops pain with urination. He also thinks that the stream of his urine is weakened. He goes to his family doctor because of his symptoms. Laboratory findings show an anemia. His urinalysis is positive for red cells, white cells a... | Answer is D. Is likely to recur after treatment * Even after treatment, transitional cell cancers of the bladder tend to recur. * Choice (a) is incorrect because about 90% of bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas. * The classic triad: hematuria, flank pain, and a palpable abdominal mass is associated with re... | |
Congenital hea disease is most likely in the newborn of mothers suffering from all except: (A) Systemic lupus erythematosus, (B) Rheumatoid ahritis, (C) Diabetes in pregnancy, (D) Congenital hea disease of the mother | Answer is B. Effects of SLE on pregnancy : Risks of lupus rash,anemia, leukopenia, thromboctopenia and renal failure are increased. They are increased risks of First trimester miscarriage,lupus nephritis, reccurent DVT,PIH, Prematurity,IUGR and stillbihs. Neonatal lupus syndrome is due to crossing of maternal lupus ant... | |
The epitheloid cell and multinucleated gaint cells of Granulomatous inflammation are derived from ?: (A) Basophils, (B) Eosinophils, (C) CD 4 - T lymphocytes, (D) Monocytes - Macrophages | Answer is D. Ans. is 'd' i.e., Monocyte macrophages In granulomatous inflammation o Main cells involved ----> Macrophages, CD-4 helper T cells. Epitheloid cells - Macrophages that develop epithelial like appearance. Multinucleated giant cells -4 Due to fusion of epitheloid cells. | |
Seven sheathed flagella is seen in -: (A) V. cholera, (B) H. pylori, (C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (D) Spirochetes | Answer is B. None | |
Most impoant cause of neurotic reaction is the excessive use of:: (A) Projection, (B) Regression, (C) Suppression, (D) Sublimation | Answer is B. Excessive use of regression causes neurotic illnesses. It is an immature defense mechanism in which person return to an earlier stage of development Eg- A PG Aspirant playing cricket in street with children | |
Massive PPH may warrant following interventions:: (A) Hysterectomy, (B) Thermal endometrial ablation, (C) Internal iliac A. ligation, (D) Balloon tamponade | Answer is A. <p> As per WHO recommendations,if life threatening bleeding continues in case of postpaum hemorrhage, subtotal or total hysterectomy should be performed. Reference:Textbook of obstetrics,Sheila Balakrishnan,2nd edition, page no:401. <\p> | |
80 year old, asymptomatic man present with a Total Leucocyte Count of 1 lakh, with 80degA lymphocytes and 20% PMC's. What is the most probable diagnosis?: (A) HIV, (B) CML, (C) CLL, (D) TB | Answer is C. Answer is C (CLL) Incidental finding of Lymphocytosis (80,000/mcL) in an elderly and asymptomatic patient suggests the diagnosis of CLL. Why is CLL the single best answer of choice here ? 'CLL is a disease of older patients wth 90% of cases occurring after the age of 50 years and median age of presentation... | |
C.tetani is:: (A) Aerobic, gram-positive, motile bacillus, (B) An anaerobic, gram-negative, motile bacillus, (C) An anaerobic, gram-positive, nonmotile bacillus, (D) An anaerobic, gram-positive, motile bacillus | Answer is D. An anaerobic, gram-positive, motile bacillus | |
Most Imp. technical consideration at the time of doing below knee amputation is -: (A) Post. flap should be longer than the anterior flap, (B) Stump should be long, (C) Stump should be sho, (D) Ant flap should be longer than post flap | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' ie. Post flap should be longer than the anterior flop Posterior flap should be longer than the anterior flap as the posterior skin has a good blood supply (and anterior skin has poor due to lack of muscle on anterior aspect). A good blood supply helps in easy healing of stump. - Equally sho ant... | |
Propey of acquiring antibiotic resistance from viral colony is by -: (A) Transferance, (B) Conjugation, (C) Transduction, (D) Mutation | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Transduction Acquiring antibiotic resistance by viral colony (bacteriophage) is by transduction. . Drug resistance may be acquired in bacteria by Mutation Transduction (by bacteriophage ---> virus) Conjugation | |
Major bacterial enzyme responsible for putrefaction: NEET 14: (A) Hyaluronidase, (B) Lecithinase, (C) Metalloproteinase, (D) Collagenase | Answer is B. Ans. Lecithinase | |
A 5-year-old child presents with history of fever off- and-on for past 2 weeks and petechial spots all over the body and increasing pallor for past 1 month. Examination reveals splenomegaly of 2 cm below costal margin. The most likely diagnosis is:: (A) Acute leukemia, (B) Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, (C) Hodgk... | Answer is A. - Pallor (anemia), petechial spot (thrombocytopenia), fever (infection due to neutropenia) with splenomegaly suggest the diagnosis of acute leukemia. - Splenomegaly eliminates aplastic anemia - Presence of anemia and recurrent infections, go against ITP | |
Which of the following bacterium is non-motile?: (A) Klebsiella spp, (B) Citrobacter spp, (C) Escherichia spp, (D) Salmonella spp | Answer is A. (Refer: Anantha Narayanan and Paniker’s Textbook of Microbiology, 9th edition, pg no: 19-20)
Motility of Enterobacteriaceae members | |
CSF on MRI appears:: (A) Hyperintense on T1 weighed image and hypointense on T2 weighed image, (B) Hypointense on T1 weighed image and hyperintense on T2 weighed image, (C) Hyperintense on T1 and T2 weighed images, (D) Hypointense on T1 and T2 weighed images | Answer is B. Ans. Hypointense on T1 weighed image and hyperintense on T2 weighed image | |
IQ level of intelligence 90-109 is: March 2013 (c, g): (A) Borderline, (B) Normal, (C) Low normal, (D) Superior | Answer is B. Ans. B i.e. Normal | |
The pH of vagina in adult women is :: (A) 4.5, (B) 6.5, (C) 7.5, (D) 7 | Answer is A. 4.5 | |
Narrowest part of zipping canal is known as: (A) Minor Diameter, (B) Major Diameter, (C) Isthmus, (D) Elbow | Answer is D. None | |
1st evidence of calcification of Mandibular deciduous Lateral incisor occurs: (A) 14 wk IU, (B) 16 wk IU, (C) 17 wk IU, (D) 15 wk IU | Answer is B. None | |
A patient presents with mental confusion, visual and auditory hallucinations, perceived changes of body shape, swelling of the tongue and a fear of impending death after he was treated for primary chancre of syphilis with an intramuscular injection. What is the likely diagnosis?: (A) Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction, (B) Ho... | Answer is B. -Hoigne's syndrome is a pseudoanaphylactic or pseudoallergic reaction that occurs after the intramuscular administration of Penicillin G procaine or benzathine. These are usually embolic toxic reactions possibly due to vascular occlusion by large crystals of the Penicillin salts. It is not due to Penicilli... | |
Which of the following is not a feature of Tuberculosis of the spine:: (A) Back pain earliest symptom, (B) Stiffness of back, (C) Exaggerated lumbar lordosis, (D) Cold abscess | Answer is C. Ans. C. Exaggerated lumbar lordosisTuberculosis of the spine usually involves vertebral bodies and is of paradiscal type. It results in kyphosis and not lordosis due to collapse of vertebrae. | |
Absolute contraindication of IUCD is :: (A) Endometriosis, (B) Iron deficiency anaemia, (C) Dysmenorrhea, (D) Pelvic tuberculosis | Answer is D. Ans. is d i.e. Pelvic tuberculosis | |
Which of the following enzymes is stable at acidic pH?: (A) Pepsin, (B) Trypsin, (C) Chymotrypsin, (D) Carboxypeptidase | Answer is A. Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides (that is, a protease). It is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes in the digestive systems of humans and many other animals, where it helps digest the proteins in food. Pepsin exhibits maximal activity at pH 2.0... | |
The following virus can be grown only in suckling mice -: (A) Coxsackie virus, (B) Rhinovirus, (C) Echovirus, (D) Poliovirus | Answer is A. It is necessary to employ suckling mice for the isolation of coxsackie virus. REF:ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:491 | |
Mantle cell lymphomas are positive for all of the following, except ?: (A) CD 23, (B) CD 20, (C) CD 5, (D) CD 43 | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., CD 23 Mantle cell lymphoma Mantle cell lymphoma is a type of non-hodgkin lymphoma characterized by presence of tumor cells which closely resemble the normal mantle zone of B-cells that surround germinal centers. Immunophenotype of mantle cell lymphoma Mantle cell lymphoma is neoplasm of B... | |
Which of the following does not contribute to the boundaries of facial recess?: (A) Facial nerve, (B) Stapedius tendon, (C) Chorda tympani nerve, (D) Short process of incus bone | Answer is B. Ans. b. Stapedius tendon (Ref: Dhingra 5/e p6)'Facial recess or the posterior sinus is a depression in the posterior wall lateral to the pyramid. It is bounded medially by the vertical part of Vllth nerve, laterally by the chorda tympani and above, by the fossa incudis. Surgically, facial recess is importa... | |
A 49-year-old woman has experienced increasing weakness and chest pain over the past 6 months. On physical examination, she is afebrile and normotensive. Motor strength is 5/5 in all extremities, but diminishes to 4/5 with repetitive movement. There is no muscle pain or tenderness. Laboratory studies show hemoglobin, 1... | Answer is D. Thymomas are rare neoplasms that can be benign or malignant. In one third to one half of cases, thymomas are associated with myasthenia gravis as an initial presentation (as in this case). Benign thymomas have a mixed population of lymphocytes and epithelial cells and are circumscribed, whereas malignant t... | |
All the following gives nerve supply to Parotid gland except: (A) Facial nerve, (B) Auriculotemporal nerve Tympanic plexus, (C) Sympathetic plexus around external carotid aery, (D) Greater auricular nerve | Answer is A. Nerve Supply of Parotid gland:1.Parasympathetic nerves are secretomotor. They reach the gland through the auriculotemporal nerve. The preganglionic fibers begin in the inferior salivatory nucleus; pass through the glossopharyngeal nerve, its tympanic branch, the tympanic plexus and the lesser petrosal nerv... | |
Drug used for trabeculectomy: (A) Mitomycin-C, (B) Azathioprine, (C) Cituximab, (D) Ketorolac | Answer is A. The main reason of failure of trabeculectomy surgery is scarring and closure of drainage site
Antimetabolites prevent scarring and can be used to increase the success rate of trabeculectomy
The most commony used antimetabolites are mitomycin-C and 5-fluorouracil. | |
Mycetoma is caused by the following agents except?Allescheria boydii: (A) Allescheria boydii, (B) Madurella mycetomii, (C) Trichosporum beigelli, (D) Nocardia asteroides | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Trichosporum beigelli | |
35 year old lady with post coital bleeding, Management is :: (A) Clinical examination and Pap smear, (B) Visual examination with Lugol iodine, (C) Visual examination with acetic acid, (D) Colposcopy | Answer is D. Post coital bleeding is the typical symptom of Cervical cancer It is managed by colposcopy and abnormal areas are biopsied Reference : Textbook of Gynaecology; Sheila balakrishnan; 2nd edition; Pg no: 299, 302 | |
Tetralogy of Fallot classically consists of the combination of ail except -: (A) Obstruction to right ventricular outflow (pulmonary' stenosis), (B) Ventricular septal defect (VSD), (C) Dextroposition of the aorta with septal over-ride, (D) Left ventricular hypertrophy | Answer is D. Ans. is 'd' i.e., Left ventricular hypertrophy Tetralogy of Falloto TOF is the commonest congenital heart disease.o Constituents of TOF# Ventricular septal defect# Overriding or dextroposed aorta# Pulmonic stenosis# Right ventricular hypertrophy. Hemodynamics of Tetralogy of Falloto The severity of obstruc... | |
Transition from G2 to M phase of the cell cycle is controlled by:: (A) Retinoblastoma gene product, (B) p53 protein, (C) Cyclin E, (D) Cyclin B | Answer is D. None | |
The drug having higher concentration in the bone:: (A) Piperacillin, (B) Vancomycin, (C) Clindamycin, (D) Paramomycin | Answer is C. Poor bone penetration. - B lactams - Vancomycin - Aminoglycoside Good bone penetration (Higher concentration in Bone) * Tetracycline * Macrolide * Clindamycin | |
All are complication of formula fed baby over human milk fed baby except:: (A) Necrotizing enterocolitis, (B) Otitis media, (C) Hypocalcemia, (D) Vit K deficiency | Answer is D. Formula feeds contain a host of vitamin and minerals, as well as trace elements (zinc, mangnese, copper, iodine) and electrolytes.
In formula feeds vitamin K is added in higher levels than in breast milk to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic diseases in new born. So, vitamin K deficiency can never be a complic... | |
Local anesthetics depress transmission first in: (A) Group A alpha-fibers, (B) Group A bita-fibers, (C) Group B fibers, (D) Group C fibers | Answer is D. Local anesthetics depress transmission in the group C fibre before they affect group A touch fibres. Ref: Ganong&;s Review of medical physiology;25th edition; pg: 95. | |
Which of the following is the reason for the development of a simple lentigo?: (A) Increased melanin, (B) Increased melanocytes, (C) Increased melanosomes, (D) All of the above | Answer is B. Ans. B. Increased melanocytesSimple lentigo occurs due to an increase in melanocytes at dermal-epidermal junction.* Simple Lentigo also known as Lentigo simplex is a light- to dark-brown or black macule that does not fade away once it appears.* They usually appear during childhood and increase in number un... | |
Which drug is given in delayed vomiting after chemotherapy -: (A) Metoclopramide, (B) Hyoscine, (C) Domperiodone, (D) Aprepitant | Answer is D. Ans. is 'd' i.e., Aprepitant o Cisplatin can induce vomiting within 24 hours or after 2 days. DOC for the early vomiting is ondensetron while for delayed vomiting is aprepitant (substant P antagonist). | |
Fried Egg Colonies are produced by?: (A) Chlamydia, (B) Mycoplasma, (C) Niesseria, (D) Diphtheria | Answer is B. ANSWER: (B) MycoplasmaREF: Jawetz 24th edition Section III. Bacteriology Chapter 26Mycoplasma Cultures:1. The material is inoculated onto special solid media and incubated for 3-10 days at 37degC with 5% CO2 (under microaerophilic conditions), or into special broth and incubated aerobically. One or two tra... | |
Bacteroides are often implicated in the causation of: September 2004: (A) UTI, (B) Empyema, (C) Uretheritis, (D) Conjunctivitis | Answer is B. Ans. B i.e. Empyema | |
Which of the following is the most common presenting symptom of non-cirrhotic poal hypeension?: (A) Chronic liver failure, (B) Ascites, (C) Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, (D) Encephalopathy | Answer is C. Clinical assessment Haematemesis is red with clots when bleeding is rapid and profuse, or black ('coffee grounds') when less severe. Syncope may occur and is caused by hypotension from intravascular volume depletion. Symptoms of anaemia suggest chronic bleeding. Melaena is the passage of black, tarry stool... | |
All are true about minimal change G.N. except –: (A) Selective proteinuria, (B) IgG deposition in mesangium, (C) Common in age group 2–9 years, (D) Responds to steroid's | Answer is B. There is no deposition of immune reactants. | |
Median weight of 100 children was 12 kgs. The Standard Detion was 3.Calculate the percentage coefficient of variance -: (A) 25%, (B) 35%, (C) 45%, (D) 55% | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., 25% o We cannot calculate cofficient of variance here, because value of mean has not been provided (value of median is given). o Only in standard normal curve mean = median. o But in that case both are '0' (In standard normal normal curve mean = median = mode = 0) o I am clueless here. o ... | |
After entering a radiolucent lesion in a 30 year old man, hollow cavity without epithelial lining is seen, the most probable diagnosis is: (A) Aneurysmal bone cyst, (B) Static bone cavity, (C) Hemorrhagic bone cyst, (D) Ameloblastoma | Answer is C. None | |
Paraxial mesoderm develops into: (A) Somites, (B) Mesonephric duct, (C) Notochord, (D) All of the above | Answer is A. Human embryology Tenth edition Inderbier Singh Page no 62At first, the cells of paraxial mesoderm are homogeneously arranged later the mesoderm get segmented The segment are two categories somitomeres and somites | |
Acute infection of hepatitis B virus is diagnosed by:: (A) IgM antibody of Hbs Ag, (B) IgM antibody of Hbc Ag, (C) IgG antibody of Hbs Ag, (D) IgG antibody of Hbc Ag | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b' IgM antibody of HBcAg (Ref. November 2001, Micro, Harrison 17/e p 1943-44,1933-34 & 16/e, p 1823-24). | |
Testicular feminisation syndrome is associated with :: (A) 46 XX, (B) Presence of vagina, (C) Primary amenorrhea, (D) Sho stature | Answer is C. Primary amenorrhea | |
The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is likely to be poor if the site of the tumour is: (A) Orbit, (B) Para testicular, (C) Extremity, (D) Urinary bladder | Answer is C. Rhandomyosarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Arises from Mesenchymal tissues MC sites of origin : Head and neck (Parameningeal) > Extremities > Genitourinary tract > Trunk MC pediatric soft tissue sarcoma : Rhabdomyosarcoma Associated with : NF, Beckwith- Weidman syndrome, Li-Fraumeni and fetal alcohol syndrome Progn... | |
Intrauterine exposure of diethylstiboesterol is associated with -: (A) Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix, (B) Adenocarcinoma of endometrium, (C) Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina, (D) Sarcoma of uterus | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina | |
The lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to which of the following?: (A) Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate., (B) Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate., (C) Lateral surface of the medial pterygoid plate., (D) Medial surface of the medial pterygoid plate. | Answer is A. The inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone. Its superior head attaches to the infratemporal crest of the greater wing of sphenoid bone. The deep fibers of the medial pterygoid muscle attaches to the medial surface of the... | |
A 30-year-old male is diagnosed with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. What findings is consistent with the diagnosis?: (A) Adenomas, (B) Hamartomas, (C) Adenomatous polyps, (D) Villoglandular polyps | Answer is B. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is rare but should be considered if pigmented spots are found on the lips, mouth, or hands. Hamartomas are not neoplasms; the name is derived from the Greek hamartos, which refers to the misfiring of a javelin. The tissues appropriate to the site misfire and are arranged in an irregu... | |
Ebstein anomaly is due to maternal intake of:: (A) Lithium, (B) Copper, (C) Cobalt, (D) Nickel | Answer is A. a. Lithium(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2211-2217, Ghai 8/e p 420-423)Maternal drugCongenital heart diseasePhenytoinVSD, ASD, coarctation of aorta, PDAValproateCoarctation of aorta, aortic stenosis, pulmonary atresia, VSDLithiumEbstein anomaly, Tricuspid atresiaAlcoholASD. VSD | |
The most common anomaly seen in the fetus of a mother taking lithum carbonate is -: (A) Cardiac deformities, (B) Neural tube defect, (C) Limb reduction, (D) Genitourinary de formi ties | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cardiac deformities o It causes Ebstein anomaly. | |
D Tubocurarine acts by: (A) Inhibiting nicotinic receptors at myoneural junction, (B) Inhibiting nicotinic receptors at autonomic ganglion, (C) Producing depolarising block, (D) By inhibiting re-uptake of acetyl choline | Answer is A. Refer Katzung 10/e p 429 D-Tubocurarine is a skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by competitive inhibition of NM receptors at neuron muscular junction | |
All of the following are true about the Herd Immunity for infectious diseases except:: (A) It refers to group protection beyond what is afforded by the protection of immunized individuals, (B) It is likely to be more for infections that do not have a sub-clinical phase, (C) It is affected by the presence and distributi... | Answer is B. Occurrence of clinical and subclinical infection in a community is responsible for herd immunity. Herd immunity; * It is the level of resistance of a community or group of people to a paicular disease. * Herd immunity provides an immunological barrier to the spread of disease in the human herd. * The epide... | |
Malaria is transmitted in Rural areas by ?: (A) Anopheles stephensi, (B) Anopheles dirus, (C) Anopheles culicifacies, (D) None | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Anopheles culicifacies | |
A chest physician performs bronchoscopy in the procedure room of the out patient department. To make the instrument safe for use in the next patient waiting outside, the most appropriate method to disinfect the endoscope is by :: (A) 70% alcohol for 5 min, (B) 2% glutaraldehyde for 20 min, (C) 2% formaldheyde for 10 mi... | Answer is B. 2% Glutaraldehyde is knows as cidex (Aldehyde disinfectant) specially effective against tubercle bacilli, fungi and viruses. It is most commonly used for cystoscope, endoscope, bronchoscopes etc., which can’t be disinfected by heat.
Also used to treat corrugated rubber anesthetic tubes and face masks, plas... | |
In cap stage, the cell in the centre of enamel organ secrete glycosaminoglycans, which are:: (A) Hydrophobic, (B) Hydrophilic, (C) Both, (D) None | Answer is B. The cells in the centre of enamel organ synthesize and secrete glycosaminoglycans into the extracellular compartment between the epithelial cells. Glycosaminoglycans are hydrophilic and so pull water into the enamel organ. The increasing amount of fluid increases the volume of the compartment of the enamel... | |
A 56 year old female presented with breast carcinoma and she was prescribed herceptin (trastuzumab). Which of the following statement regarding this drug is true ?: (A) It is an antibody produced entirely from mouse containing no human component, (B) It is a monoclonal antibody produced by injecting her-2 antigen, (C) ... | Answer is B. It is a monoclonal antibody produced by injecting HER-2 antigen; 'cl' i.e., The protein HER2/NEU is expressed in increased amount by breast cancer cells Cancer cells express ceain antigen on their surface. These antigens can be made the target of chemotherapies. Specific antibodies have been developed agai... | |
Which IUCD acts for 10 yrs -: (A) Cu-T 200 B, (B) Nova-T, (C) Cu-T 380A, (D) Multi load-250 | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cu-T 380A "The Cu-T 380A is approved for use for 10 years. However, the Cu-T 380A has been demonstrated to maintain its efficacy over at least 12 years of use" . --Park Intra-uterine devices o An intrauterine device is a long acting reversible contraceptive bih control device placed in th... | |
Which of the following Pneumoconioses is caused by Thermoactinomyces Sacchari?: (A) Silicosis, (B) Anthracosis, (C) Byssinosis, (D) Bagassosis | Answer is D. None | |
Most common rheumatic disease in children is ________: (A) Juvenile idiopathic ahritis, (B) Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis, (C) Systemic lupus erythematosus, (D) Morphea | Answer is A. The most common rheumatic disease in children is Juvenile idiopathic ahritis (JIA), Juvenile idiopathic ahritis represents a homogenous group of chronic disorders charcterized by Ahritis in >/= 1 joint Age at onset: <16 years Duration of disease: >/=6 weeks Ahritis is clinically defined as: Swelling or eff... | |
In which of the following form of imaging, Harmonic imaging is related-: (A) Sonography, (B) Digital radiography, (C) MRCP, (D) Nuclear imaging | Answer is A. Harmonic imaging is a newer technique in ultrasonography. Harmonic imaging exploits non-linear propagation of ultrasound through the body tissues. The high-pressure poion of the wave travels faster than low pressure resulting in distoion of the shape of the wave. This change in waveform leads to the genera... | |
What is the net amount of ATP's formed in aerobic glycolysis?: (A) 5, (B) 8, (C) 10, (D) 15 | Answer is B. During aerobic glycolysis the number of net ATPs formed are 8. Steps involved in the formation of ATP during glycolysis are: Conversion of 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate to 1,3 bisphoglycerate release 2 molecules of NADH which yield 6 ATP. Conversion of 2 molecules of 1,3 BPG to 3 phosphoglycera... | |
Anchovy sauce pus is a feature of ?: (A) Amebic liver abscess, (B) Lung abscess, (C) Splenic abscess, (D) Pancreatic abscess | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., Amebic liver abscess In amebic liver abscesses the liquified material within the abscess cavity is a mixture of RBCs, leucocytes and broken down liver cells. This looks chocolate or reddish brown in colour and is k/a 'chocolate' or 'anchovy' sauce. | |
Aerial blood Gas analysis in a bottle contaiing heparin causes a decrease in value of :: (A) pCO2, (B) FICO3, (C) pH, (D) All of the above | Answer is D. Answer is D (All of the above) Dilution of a sample with heparin can cause erroneously low value for pH, pCO2 and HCO3-. Heparin and Blood Gas Measurements Heparin is the preferred anticoagulant for blood gas specimens Heparin is used in blood gas syringes to avoid coagulation of the blood sample, as clots... | |
A 25-year-old woman rushes to an emergency depament because she is afraid she is dying. She is experiencing chest pain, a sensation of choking, nausea, and tingling sensations up and down her arms. When the screening nurse examines the patient, her face is flushed and sweating. Her pulse is 140/min and respirations are... | Answer is D. This woman had a panic attack. These are common, affecting more than one third of the general population each year. The etiology appears to be a combination of both biological and psychological dysfunction. The sensations and physiologic changes can be very dramatic and, in addition to the features cited i... | |
Lallo, 25 yr old man, presented with h/o of pain, redness & watering of left eye for last 1 day. There is also intolerance to light. Most probable diagnosis is-: (A) Keratitis, (B) Acute anterior uveitis, (C) Acute posterior uveitis, (D) Simple glaucoma | Answer is B. Ans- B. | |
Chronic desquamative gingivitis is seen in which type of lichen planus:: (A) Atrophic lichen planus., (B) Hypertrophic lichen planus., (C) Ulcerative lichen planus., (D) Hyperplastic lichen planus. | Answer is A. None | |
Which of the following hormone is secreted by the kidney?: (A) Renin, (B) 1,25 DHCC, (C) Erythropoietin, (D) All of above | Answer is D. All hormones are produced from kidneyRef: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no; 702 | |
Treatment of whooping cough is :: (A) Rifampicin, (B) Tetracycline, (C) Erythromycin, (D) Ampicillin | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' Erythromycin DOC for pertussis infection - ErythromycinDOC is one of the favorites of all paper setters. Below given list will be helpful to tackle these type of questions.Drug of choice for suspected or proved microbial pathogens (according to Harrison's 16th/e)Infective organismDrugs of choic... | |
Which is false regarding HCG?: (A) It is a glycopeptide, (B) Synthesized by cytotrophoblast, (C) Doubling time is 2 days, (D) High levels are seen in multiple pregnancies | Answer is B. Ref: Text book of Obstetrics by D. C.Dutta. 7th, ed. Pg. 58Explanation:Human chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG)HCG is a glycoprotein, it consists of a and b subunits, a subunit of HCG is biochemically similar to LH.FSH and TSH.HCG is synthesized by syncitiotrophoblast.Half life of HCG is 24 hrs and Doubling tim... | |
Which of the following anticancer drug can result in "disulfiram reaction": (A) Lomustine, (B) L-Asparginase, (C) Procarbazine, (D) Busulfan | Answer is C. Procarbazine is a type of alkylating agent which can result in "Disulfiram reaction". Other side effects include cheese reaction, serotonin syndrome, behavioral and personality changes. | |
All are branches of coeliac trunk except:: (A) Splenic artery, (B) Hepatic artery, (C) Left gastric artery, (D) Right gastric artery | Answer is D. Ans. D. Right gastric arteryThe celiac trunk is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta. It is 1.25 cm in length. Branching from the aorta opposite disc between T12 & L1, it is one of three anterior branches of the abdominal aorta (the others^ are the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries).The th... | |
In a patient with cervical disc prolapse the management includes: (A) Immediate restrictive exercises, (B) Skeletal traction and manipulation, (C) Immediate surgery to prevent neurological complications, (D) Medical management only | Answer is C. (C) Immediate surgery to prevent neurological complications # Cervical disc prolapse the management includes:> Heat and analgesics are soothing but, as with lumbar disc prolapse, there are only three satisfactory ways of treating the prolapse itself.> Rest: A collar will prevent unguarded movement; it may ... | |
Which one of the following does not represent the submerged portion of the iceberg?: (A) Diagnosed cases under treatment, (B) Undiagnosed cases, (C) Pre-symptomatic cases, (D) Carriers sub clinical cases | Answer is A. Ans. (a) Diagnosed cases under treatment* Iceberg Phenomenon of disease: Disease in a community may be compared to an iceberg- Floating tip is what physician sees in community, i.e., clinical cases- Vast submerged portion of iceberg represents hidden mass of disease i.e., latent, inapparent, pre-symptomati... | |
Insulin causes ?: (A) Inhibition of glycolysis, (B) Gluconeogenesis, (C) Induction of lipogenesis, (D) Increased glycogenolysis | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Induction of lipogenesis ACTIONS OF INSULIN Insulin affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Effects on carbohydrate metabolism The overall effect of insulin is to decrease blood glucose level. Insulin increases the utilization of glucose and decreases its production ... | |
Which of the following is best diagnosis of this neonate who is excessively hungry, warm with flushed skin?: (A) Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis, (B) Neonatal lupus, (C) Cretin, (D) Progeria | Answer is A. Ans. (a) Neonatal thyrotoxicosis.Notice the lid retraction and presence of stare sign. This coupled with history proves that the child has increased sympathetic drive and increased BMR. This is caused by transfer of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin across the placenta. Image source .. style="font-size: 1... | |
Colorado tick fever is the only known human infection caused by: (A) Reovirus, (B) Coltivirus, (C) Rotavirus, (D) Corona virus | Answer is B. Coltiviruses form another species within the Reoviridae. The virus paicle is 80 nm in diameter with a genome consisting of 12 segments of double-stranded RNA, totaling about 29 kbp. Colorado tick fever virus, transmitted by ticks, is able to infect humans.Reference:Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Mic... | |
Number of t-RNA present in cells is: (A) 23, (B) 25, (C) 28, (D) 30 | Answer is A. The number of tRNAs in most cells is more than the number of amino acids used in protein synthesis (20) and also differs from the number of amino acid codons in the genetic code (61)Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 596, 597 | |
Which of the following characteristics is not of much impoance in a screening test-: (A) Low cost, (B) High safety margin, (C) High sensitivity, (D) High specificity | Answer is D. ref: ref: Park&;s 23rd edition pg 137 Screening test must satisfy the criteria of acceptability, repeatablity and validity, desides others like yield, simplicity, safety, rapidity, ease of administration and cost. Specificity: defined as the ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the... | |
A 50 year old female presents to the OPD with shoness of breath. On examination she is hypotensive, has soft hea sounds and elevated JVP. Her ECG shows reduction in the amplitude of QRS complexes. Which of the following is the investigation of choice for diagnosing her condition?: (A) USG, (B) PET, (C) 2 - D Echocardio... | Answer is C. Patient in the question is showing features of cardiac tamponade. 2D echo is the investigation of choice in diagnosing tamponade. It shows reduced right ventricular cavity diameter and collapse of right ventricular free wall and right atrium. M - mode echocardiography is used to study valvular functions. R... | |
Not a posterior mediastinal tumor :: (A) Neurofibroma, (B) Lymphoma, (C) Thymoma, (D) Gastroenteric cyst | Answer is C. Ans is 'c' ie Thymoma Mediastinum- is situated b/w the lungs in the center of the thorax.It is divided into 3 compartmentsAnterior or Anterosuperior it lies in front of the anterior pericardium & tracheaMiddle mediastinum or Visceral compartment it lies within the pericardial cavity including the tracheaPo... | |
The component of future T.M.J shows development at ?: (A) 6 weeks, (B) 10 weeks, (C) 18 weeks, (D) 16 weeks | Answer is B. None | |
A 35-year-old woman develops an itchy rash over her back, legs, and trunk several hours after swimming in a lake. Erythematous, edematous papules are noted. The wheals vary in size. There are no mucosal lesions and no swelling of the lips. The most likely diagnosis is: (A) Urticaria, (B) Folliculitis, (C) Erythema mult... | Answer is A. (a) Source: (Braunwald, 15/e, pp 318, 323, 822, 1061, 1917-1918.) Urticaria, or hives, is a common dermatologic problem characterized by pruritic, edematous papules and plaques that vary in size and come and go, often within hours. Mast cells may be stimulated by heat, cold, pressure, water, or exercise. I... | |
Alpha-1- antitrypsin deficiency presents as?: (A) Emphysema, (B) Bronchitectasis, (C) Empyema, (D) Bronchogenic carcinoma | Answer is A. Ans. (a) EmphysemaRef: Robbins 8thEdn /684y 685, Harrison 18,hed chapter 309, Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed chapter 390 | |
A 35-year-old male presents with bald patches and with no scars. The patches are well demarcated with broken hair at the edges. Diagnosis is:: (A) Alopecia areata, (B) Androgenic alopecia, (C) DLE, (D) Telogen effluvium | Answer is A. Ans. a. Alopecia areataAlopecia areata is a form of non-scarring alopecia with the edges showing coudability sign and exclamation hairsAndrogenic alopecia presents with diffuse involvement of frontotemporal regions and vertex, sparing occiputTelogen effluvium presents with diffuse involvement of scalp, wit... | |
Several antiviral compounds have been developed during the last decade. One such compound is ribavirin, a synthetic nucleoside structurally related to guanosine. Ribavirin therapy has been successfully used against: (A) Respiratory syncytial virus, (B) Herpes simplex virus, (C) Hepatitis B, (D) Group A coxsackievirus | Answer is A. Ribavirin is effective to varying degrees against several RNA- and DNA-containing viruses in vitro. It has been approved for aerosol treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants. Intravenous administration has proved effective in treating Lassa fever. | |
Commonest site for extranodal lymphoma is: (A) Liver, (B) Stomach, (C) Small intestine, (D) Large intestine | Answer is B. Ans. (b) Stomach(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg 2177)Commonest site for extranodal lymphoma is StomachGastrointestinal tract is the most common site for extranodal NHL (10 to 15% of all NHL).Stomach accounts for 50% of gastrointestinal lymphomas |
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