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"O",
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... | [
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9... | Fully Automated Lipid Pool Detection Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy Background. Detecting and identifying vulnerable plaque, which is prone to rupture, is still a challenge for cardiologist. Such lipid core -containing plaque is still not identifiable by everyday angiography, thus triggering the need to develop a new tool where NIRS - IVUS can visualize plaque characterization in terms of its chemical and morphologic characteristic. The new tool can lead to the development of new methods of interpreting the newly obtained data. In this study, the algorithm to fully automated lipid pool detection on NIRS images is proposed. Method. Designed algorithm is divided into four stages: preprocessing (image enhancement), segmentation of artifacts, detection of lipid areas, and calculation of Lipid Core Burden Index. Results. A total of 31 NIRS chemograms were analyzed by two methods. The metrics, total LCBI, maximal LCBI in 4 mm blocks, and maximal LCBI in 2 mm blocks, were calculated to compare presented algorithm with commercial available system. Both intraclass correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement and correlation between used methods. Conclusions. Proposed algorithm is fully automated lipid pool detection on near infrared spectroscopy images. It is a tool developed for offline data analysis, which could be easily augmented for newer functions and projects. |
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... | [
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5... | Cost utility analysis of the SQ(®) HDM SLIT-tablet in house dust mite allergic asthma patients in a German setting Asthma affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide with the condition associated with significant healthcare utilisation costs and a large impact on patient quality of life. The SQ(®) HDM SLIT-tablet (ACARIZAX(®), Hørsholm, Denmark) is a sublingually administered allergy immunotherapy tablet for house dust mite allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis and has recently been licensed in Europe. To assess the cost-effectiveness of ACARIZAX plus pharmacotherapy versus placebo plus pharmacotherapy in patients with house dust mite allergic asthma that is uncontrolled by inhaled corticosteroids, in a German setting. Eligible patients should also have symptoms of mild to severe allergic rhinitis. A cost utility analysis was undertaken, based on the results of a European phase III randomised controlled trial, in which ACARIZAX was compared with placebo with both treatment groups also receiving pharmacotherapy in the form of inhaled corticosteroids and short-acting β2-agonists. Cost and quality-adjusted life years from the trial were extrapolated over a nine year time horizon and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio calculated to compare treatment options. ACARIZAX plus pharmacotherapy was estimated to generate 6.16 quality-adjusted life years per patient at a cost of €5658, compared with 5.50 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) at a cost of €2985 for placebo plus pharmacotherapy. This equated to an incremental cost of €2673, incremental QALYs of 0.66 and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €4041. The ICER was, therefore, substantially lower than the €40,000 willingness-to-pay threshold per QALY adopted for the analysis. Deterministic sensitivity analyses indicate the results are most sensitive to the utility score of ACARIZAX patients during years 2 and 3 of treatment. This analysis indicates that ACARIZAX plus pharmacotherapy is cost-effective compared with placebo plus pharmacotherapy for house dust mite allergic asthma patients in Germany. If a disease-modifying effect can be proven the results of this analysis may underestimate the true benefits of ACARIZAX. |
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6... | Test result audit and feedback (TRAFk) as a supervision method for rational test ordering in general practice training The use of medical investigations is increasing, with most testing occurring in primary care. The interpretation of test results is challenging for general practice registrars. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests that over-testing is a significant problem and has the potential for patient harm. Test result audit and feedback (TRAFk) is a teaching and supervision method in general practice training, but no previous studies have investigated its utility. The objective of this article is to describe the outcomes of an educational intervention for general practice supervisors on TRAFk. We developed and delivered a workshop to general practice supervisors and administered pre- and post-workshop surveys. Of the 54 supervisors who participated in the study, a substantial proportion (79.6%) used TRAFk after the workshop. Participants highly rated the method across a range of supervision areas, including clinical reasoning, test ordering quality and patient safety. Our findings reinforce the educational utility of this supervision method in general practice training for the teaching and assessment of registrars. |
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"O",
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... | Influence of Sinus Floor Configuration on the Grafted Bone Remodeling Following Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation This study investigated the influence of the sinus floor configuration on the dimensional stability of grafted bone height following the osteotome sinus grafting procedure. Forty single tooth dental implants inserted following the placement of bioglass and/or allograft into the sinus area using an osteotome technique in 37 patients were evaluated in this retrospective study. Periapical radiographs were taken using the long-cone technique before and after implant placement. Specifically, radiographic measurements of grafted bone height at the mesial and distal side of each implant were taken, and the sinus floor configuration was classified into concave, angle, and flat according to the sinus floor profile at the implant site. Further, the intruding angle, which was defined as the angle between the implant axis and the sinus floor, was measured. All of the implants were clinically stable during a mean follow-up period of 39.2 months. The mean initial gain of the sinus grafted bone height was 7.0 ± 1.9 mm, and it later reduced to 4.6 ± 1.9 mm after follow-up (p < 0.001). A greater reduction in grafted bone height was revealed in the flat sinus group compared to the concave group (p < 0.001). The results from the linear regression showed that larger intruding angles were statistically significantly associated with a greater reduction in grafted bone height (r(2) = 0.55, p < 0.001). All bioglass and/or allograft placed in the maxillary sinus following the osteotome technique underwent remodeling and shrinkage, while the outcome of the procedure was more predictable in sinuses with a concave floor and small implant intruding angles. |
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... | [
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... | Identification of Altered Metabolomic Profiles Following a Panchakarma -based Ayurvedic Intervention in Healthy Subjects: The Self-Directed Biological Transformation Initiative (SBTI) The effects of integrative medicine practices such as meditation and Ayurveda on human physiology are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to identify altered metabolomic profiles following an Ayurveda -based intervention. In the experimental group, 65 healthy male and female subjects participated in a 6-day Panchakarma -based Ayurvedic intervention which included herbs, vegetarian diet, meditation, yoga, and massage. A set of 12 plasma phosphatidylcholines decreased (adjusted p < 0.01) post-intervention in the experimental (n = 65) compared to control group (n = 54) after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing; within these compounds, the phosphatidylcholine with the greatest decrease in abundance was PC ae C36:4 (delta = -0.34). Application of a 10% FDR revealed an additional 57 metabolites that were differentially abundant between groups. Pathway analysis suggests that the intervention results in changes in metabolites across many pathways such as phospholipid biosynthesis, choline metabolism, and lipoprotein metabolism. The observed plasma metabolomic alterations may reflect a Panchakarma - induced modulation of metabotypes. Panchakarma promoted statistically significant changes in plasma levels of phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins and others in just 6 days. Forthcoming studies that integrate metabolomics with genomic, microbiome and physiological parameters may facilitate a broader systems - level understanding and mechanistic insights into these integrative practices that are employed to promote health and well-being. |
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... | Correlation between the DNA methylation and gene expression of IGFBP5 in breast cancer The insulin-like growth factor binding protein5 (IGFBP5) is often dysregulated in human cancers and considered neither a tumor suppressor nor an oncogene. We aim to examine the reason of the changeable gene regulation of IGFBP5 in the case of methylation in breast cancer. We used methyl-specific polymerase (MSP) chain reaction to detect CpG methylation of IGFBP5 promoter and exon-I in breast cancer and adjacent tissues. Gene expression is evaluated by quantative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). IGFBP5 methylation was detected in 24 of 58 (41%) and 54 of 56 (96.5%) promoter and exon-I site respectively in tumor tissues. In adjacent tissues 17 of 58 (29%) and 53 of 56 (96.5%) was methylated. IGFBP5 expression was higher estrogene receptor (ER)(+) than ER(-) patients (p = 0.0549). Beside, we found a positive correlation between the expression of IGFBP5 and G2 tumor grade (p = 0.0131). However, no correlation was observed between IGFBP5 expression and age, menopause or the presence of lymph node metastasis (p > 0.05). In summary, our results showed that IGFBP5 promoter and exon-I methylation did not have any differences between tumor and adjacent tissues so that IGFBP5 methylation did not change IGFBP5 gene regulation in breast cancer. This is the first study investigating the IGFBP5 gene methylation in breast cancer. |
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9... | Early Development Challenges for Drug Products Containing Nanomaterials The vast majority of drug product candidates in early development fail to progress to clinics. This is true for products containing nanomaterials just as for other types of pharmaceuticals. Early development pathways should therefore place high priority on experiments that help candidates fail faster and less expensively. Nanomedicines fail for many reasons, but some are more avoidable than others. Some of the points of failure are not considerations in the development of small molecules or biopharmaceuticals, and so may be unexpected, even to those with previous experience bringing drug products to the clinic. This article reviews experiments that have proven useful in providing "go/no-go" decision-making data for nanomedicines in early preclinical development. Of course, the specifics depend on the particulars of the drug product and the nanomaterial type, and not every product shares the same development pathway or the same potential points of failure. Here, we focus on challenges that differ from those in the development of traditional small molecule therapeutics, and on experiments that reveal deficiencies that can only be corrected by essentially starting over-altering the nanomedicine to an extent that all previous characterization and proof-of-concept testing must be repeated. Conducting these experiments early in the development process can save significant resources and time and allow developers to focus on derisked candidates with a greater likelihood of ultimate success. |
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... | Thixotropic injectable hydrogel using a polyampholyte and nanosilicate prepared directly after cryopreservation Success of tissue engineering applications in regenerative medicine requires the preservation of tissue-engineered products at a low temperature. This can be successfully achieved by the use of cryoprotective agent (CPA). In this study, we formulated a unique injectable hydrogel for the purpose of cell delivery after cryopreservation by using polyampholyte CPA. The polyampholyte showed excellent post-thaw cell survival, and after thawing, the polymeric CPA did not have to be removed because of its low cytotoxicity. The polyampholyte could be transformed into a hydrogel by mixing with nanosilicates. Previously, nanosilicates were used to improve mechanical properties, but this is the first report of the use of a nanosilicate together with CPA to formulate hydrogels. Inclusion of the nanosilicate led to the formation of thixotropic hydrogels, which can be injected using fine needles. These gels with tunable mechanical properties can be injected into defect sites to form scaffolds for cell growth and tissue repair, and they do not require any separate seeding of cells before injection, thus eliminating the need for cell harvesting and cell maintenance. This is a distinct system in which cells can be cryopreserved until before usage; when required, the cells in the polyampholyte can be revived to their original state and the thixotropic hydrogel can be formed. The combination of thixotropy and cytocompatibility of the gels could enable a wide range of biomedical applications such as cell delivery and orthopedic repair. |
[
"O",
"B-T038",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0017547",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0000734",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0000734",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0000734",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
}... | [
"A",
"Giant",
"Intra",
"Abdominal",
"Mass",
"Mimicking",
"Renal",
"Cell",
"Carcinoma",
":",
"A",
"Rare",
"Presentation",
"of",
"Renal",
"Angiomyolipoma",
"Angiomyolipoma",
"(",
"AML",
")",
"is",
"a",
"benign",
"tumor",
"commonly",
"found",
"in",
"kidney",
"tha... | [
[
0,
1
],
[
2,
7
],
[
8,
13
],
[
14,
23
],
[
24,
28
],
[
29,
38
],
[
39,
44
],
[
45,
49
],
[
50,
59
],
[
59,
60
],
[
61,
62
],
[
63,
67
],
[
68,
80
],
[
81,... | A Giant Intra Abdominal Mass Mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Presentation of Renal Angiomyolipoma Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign tumor commonly found in kidney than extra renal sites. Most of the small renal angiomyolipomas are diagnosed incidentally on ultrasound and other imaging studies. Some renal AMLs present clinically when become very big, giant renal angiomyolipoma. Although almost all cases are benign, a relatively rare variant of epitheloid angiomyolipoma has got malignant potential and can even metastasize. Ultrasonography, CT and MRI scan are usually used for diagnosis of angiomyolipoma with high level of accuracy; even though some lesions may be confused as renal cell carcinoma on imaging studies. Here, a 48 year old man presented with a large intra-abdominal mass preoperatively diagnosed as a case of right renal cell carcinoma and radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathology revealed epitheloid angiomyolipoma (EAML). |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T098",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T201",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T098",
"O",
"B-T033... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0036341",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C234... | [
"Improved",
"individualized",
"prediction",
"of",
"schizophrenia",
"in",
"subjects",
"at",
"familial",
"high",
"risk",
",",
"based",
"on",
"neuroanatomical",
"data",
",",
"schizotypal",
"and",
"neurocognitive",
"features",
"To",
"date",
",",
"there",
"are",
"no",
... | [
[
0,
8
],
[
9,
23
],
[
24,
34
],
[
35,
37
],
[
38,
51
],
[
52,
54
],
[
55,
63
],
[
64,
66
],
[
67,
75
],
[
76,
80
],
[
81,
85
],
[
85,
86
],
[
87,
92
],
[
9... | Improved individualized prediction of schizophrenia in subjects at familial high risk, based on neuroanatomical data, schizotypal and neurocognitive features To date, there are no reliable markers for predicting onset of schizophrenia in individuals at high risk (HR). Substantial promise is, however, shown by a variety of pattern classification approaches to neuroimaging data. Here, we examined the predictive accuracy of support vector machine (SVM) in later diagnosing schizophrenia, at a single-subject level, using a cohort of HR individuals drawn from multiply affected families and a combination of neuroanatomical, schizotypal and neurocognitive variables. Baseline structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), schizotypal and neurocognitive data from 17 HR subjects, who subsequently developed schizophrenia and a matched group of 17 HR subjects who did not make the transition, yet had psychotic symptoms, were included in the analysis. We employed recursive feature elimination (RFE), in a nested cross-validation scheme to identify the most significant predictors of disease transition and enhance diagnostic performance. Classification accuracy was 94% when a self-completed measure of schizotypy, a declarative memory test and structural MRI data were combined into a single learning algorithm; higher than when either quantitative measure was used alone. The discriminative neuroanatomical pattern involved gray matter volume differences in frontal, orbito-frontal and occipital lobe regions bilaterally as well as parts of the superior, medial temporal lobe and cerebellar regions. Our findings suggest that an early SVM -based prediction of schizophrenia is possible and can be improved by combining schizotypal and neurocognitive features with neuroanatomical variables. However, our predictive model needs to be tested by classifying a new, independent HR cohort in order to estimate its validity. |
[
"B-T031",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0042036",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1304686",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1304686",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
... | [
"Urinary",
"pH",
"Levels",
"are",
"Strongly",
"Associated",
"with",
"Bladder",
"Recurrence",
"After",
"Nephroureterectomy",
"in",
"Upper",
"Tract",
"Urothelial",
"Carcinoma",
"Patients",
"with",
"a",
"Smoking",
"History",
"Aromatic",
"amines",
",",
"well",
"-",
"k... | [
[
0,
7
],
[
8,
10
],
[
11,
17
],
[
18,
21
],
[
22,
30
],
[
31,
41
],
[
42,
46
],
[
47,
54
],
[
55,
65
],
[
66,
71
],
[
72,
90
],
[
91,
93
],
[
94,
99
],
[
1... | Urinary pH Levels are Strongly Associated with Bladder Recurrence After Nephroureterectomy in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients with a Smoking History Aromatic amines, well-known bladder carcinogens, derived from cigarette smoke are activated by acidic urine. We herein determined whether urinary pH levels are associated with bladder recurrence in upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients with a positive smoking history. A total of 256 upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients who were surgically treated at our institution between 1990 and 2013 were included. Urinary pH levels were defined as the median of at least two consecutive measurements within 1 month of surgery. Ninety-six patients (37.5 %) had pH <5.5 and 160 (62.5 %) had pH ≥5.5, and urinary pH levels were identified as one of the significant predictors for bladder recurrence in univariate but not multivariate Cox regression analysis in overall. In patients with a positive smoking history among those without a history of bladder tumor (N = 110), the 5-year bladder recurrence - free survival rate was 52.5 % in patients with pH ≥5.5, which was significantly higher than that in those with pH <5.5 (25.9 %, p = 0.032). In the multivariate analysis, urinary pH <5.5 (p = 0.022, HR; 1.86) was independently associated with bladder recurrence. No significant difference for bladder recurrence was observed between these two groups in patients with no smoking history among them. Urinary pH <5.5 is associated with an increased risk of bladder recurrence in upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients with a positive smoking history among those without a history of bladder tumor. Modifications to pH for urine alkalization may prevent bladder recurrence. |
[
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
"I-T098",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"I-T082",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T... | [
{
"db_id": "C0220825",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,... | [
"Examination",
"of",
"the",
"Involvement",
"of",
"Cholinergic",
"-",
"Associated",
"Genes",
"in",
"Nicotine",
"Behaviors",
"in",
"European",
"and",
"African",
"Americans",
"Cigarette",
"smoking",
"is",
"a",
"physiologically",
"harmful",
"habit",
".",
"Nicotinic",
... | [
[
0,
11
],
[
12,
14
],
[
15,
18
],
[
19,
30
],
[
31,
33
],
[
34,
45
],
[
46,
47
],
[
48,
58
],
[
59,
64
],
[
65,
67
],
[
68,
76
],
[
77,
86
],
[
87,
89
],
[
... | Examination of the Involvement of Cholinergic - Associated Genes in Nicotine Behaviors in European and African Americans Cigarette smoking is a physiologically harmful habit. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are bound by nicotine and upregulated in response to chronic exposure to nicotine. It is known that upregulation of these receptors is not due to a change in mRNA of these genes, however, more precise details on the process are still uncertain, with several plausible hypotheses describing how nAChRs are upregulated. We have manually curated a set of genes believed to play a role in nicotine - induced nAChR upregulation. Here, we test the hypothesis that these genes are associated with and contribute risk for nicotine dependence (ND) and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD). Studies with genotypic data on European and African Americans (EAs and AAs, respectively) were collected and a gene-based test was run to test for an association between each gene and ND and CPD. Although several novel genes were associated with CPD and ND at P < 0.05 in EAs and AAs, these associations did not survive correction for multiple testing. Previous associations between CHRNA3, CHRNA5, CHRNB4 and CPD in EAs were replicated. Our hypothesis-driven approach avoided many of the limitations inherent in pathway analyses and provided nominal evidence for association between cholinergic-related genes and nicotine behaviors. We evaluated the evidence for association between a manually curated set of genes and nicotine behaviors in European and African Americans. Although no genes were associated after multiple testing correction, this study has several strengths: by manually curating a set of genes we circumvented the limitations inherent in many pathway analyses and tested several genes that had not yet been examined in a human genetic study; gene-based tests are a useful way to test for association with a set of genes; and these genes were collected based on literature review and conversations with experts, highlighting the importance of scientific collaboration. |
[
"B-T058",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"... | [
{
"db_id": "C3698057",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C2936637",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C2936637",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
... | [
"HoLEP",
"learning",
"curve",
":",
"Toward",
"a",
"standardised",
"formation",
"and",
"a",
"team",
"strategy",
"Holmium",
"laser",
"enucleation",
"of",
"prostate",
"(",
"HoLEP",
")",
"is",
"renowned",
"for",
"the",
"difficulty",
"of",
"its",
"learning",
"curve... | [
[
0,
5
],
[
6,
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],
[
15,
20
],
[
20,
21
],
[
22,
28
],
[
29,
30
],
[
31,
43
],
[
44,
53
],
[
54,
57
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[
58,
59
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[
60,
64
],
[
65,
73
],
[
74,
81
],
[
8... | HoLEP learning curve: Toward a standardised formation and a team strategy Holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) is renowned for the difficulty of its learning curve. Our aim was to evaluate the interest of a three-step tutorial in the HoLEP learning curve, in a university center. It is a retrospective, monocentric study of the 82 first procedures done consecutively by the same operator with a proctoring in early experience and after 40 procedures. For all patients were noted: enucleation efficiency (g/min), morcellation efficiency (g/min), percentage of enucleated tissue (enucleated tissue / adenome weigth evaluated by ultrasonography. g/g), perioperative morbidity (Clavien), length of hospital stay, length of urinary drainage, functional outcomes at short and middle term (Qmax, post-void residual volume [PVR], QOL scores and IPSS at 3 and 6 months). Enucleation and morcellation efficiency were significantly higher after the second proctoring (0.87 vs 0.44g/min; P<0.0001 and 4.2 vs 3.37g/min, P=0.038, respectively) so as the prostatic volume (43.5 vs 68.1mL, P=0.0001). Percentage of enucleated tissue was higher in the second group, however, the difference was not significant (69.5% vs 80.4%, P=0.03). Per- and postoperative complications, hospital length of stay, urinary drainage length and functional results at 3 and 6 months were not significantly different. The learning curve did not interfere with functional results. The second proctoring was essential to us in order to grasp the technique. These data underlined the necessity of a pedagogic reflexion in order to built a standardized formation technique to the HoLEP. 4. |
[
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0034869",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C1705920",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id... | [
"Record",
"of",
"a",
"new",
"species",
"of",
"the",
"genus",
"Viridopromontorius",
"Luna",
"de",
"Carvalho",
"(",
"Strepsiptera",
":",
"Corioxenidae",
")",
"from",
"India",
"with",
"a",
"revised",
"key",
"to",
"Corioxenidae",
"A",
"new",
"species",
"of",
"th... | [
[
0,
6
],
[
7,
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],
[
10,
11
],
[
12,
15
],
[
16,
23
],
[
24,
26
],
[
27,
30
],
[
31,
36
],
[
37,
55
],
[
56,
60
],
[
61,
63
],
[
64,
72
],
[
73,
74
],
[
74... | Record of a new species of the genus Viridopromontorius Luna de Carvalho (Strepsiptera: Corioxenidae) from India with a revised key to Corioxenidae A new species of the genus Viridopromontorius Luna de Carvalho is described from West Bengal, India. The new species V. aequus differs from the other member of Viridopromontorius by having approximately equal size of antennomeres IV and V, maxillary palp nearly twice the length of base, vein R<sub>4 </sub> curved towards R<sub>2</sub>, very small distal process on tarsomeres II-III, tarsomere IV almost trapezoidal and acumen to some extent upwardly bent (in lateral view). A revised key of the family Corioxenidae is also provided. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"I-T082",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0005479",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0005479",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id... | [
"The",
"influence",
"of",
"different",
"long",
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"materials",
"on",
"the",
"pharmacokinetics",
"of",
"liposomal",
"vincristine",
"sulfate",
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"pharmacokinetics",
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"long"... | [
[
0,
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],
[
4,
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[
14,
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],
[
17,
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],
[
27,
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],
[
31,
32
],
[
32,
43
],
[
44,
53
],
[
54,
56
],
[
57,
60
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[
61,
77
],
[
78,
80
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[
81,
90
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[
9... | The influence of different long-circulating materials on the pharmacokinetics of liposomal vincristine sulfate This study was designed to improve the in vivo pharmacokinetics of long-circulating vincristine sulfate (VS)-loaded liposomes; three different long-circulating materials, chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol)-1,2-distearoyl sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE), and poly(ethylene glycol)-poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PEG-PLGA), were evaluated at the same coating molar ratio with the commercial product Marqibo (®) (vincristine sulfate liposome injection [VSLI]). VS-loaded liposomes were prepared by a pH gradient method and were then coated with chitosan, PEG-DSPE, or PEG-PLGA. Physicochemical properties, including the morphology, particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE %), pH, drug loading, and in vitro release, were determined. Preservation stability and pharmacokinetic studies were performed to compare the membrane-coated liposomes with either commercially available liposomes or the VS solution. The sphere-like morphology of the vesicles was confirmed by transmission electron microscope. Increased particle size, especially for the chitosan formulation, was observed after the coating process. However, the EE % was ~99.0% with drug loading at 2.0 mg/mL, which did not change after the coating process. The coating of long-circulation materials, except for chitosan, resulted in negatively charged and stable vesicles at physiological pH. The near-zero zeta potential exhibited by the PEG-DSPE formulation leads to a long er circulation lifetime and improved absorption for VS, when compared with the PEG-PLGA formulation. Compared with the commercial product, PEG was responsible for a higher plasma VS concentration and a longer half-life. PEG-DSPE coating may be related to better absorption, based on the stability and a pharmacokinetic improvement in the blood circulation time. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T168",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0430400",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0430400",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id... | [
"An",
"Improved",
"Culture",
"Method",
"for",
"Selective",
"Isolation",
"of",
"Campylobacter",
"jejuni",
"from",
"Wastewater",
"Campylobacter",
"jejuni",
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"the",
"leading",
"foodborne",
"pathogens",
"worldwide",
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"C",
".",
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"... | [
[
0,
2
],
[
3,
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[
12,
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],
[
20,
26
],
[
27,
30
],
[
31,
40
],
[
41,
50
],
[
51,
53
],
[
54,
67
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[
68,
74
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[
75,
79
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[
80,
90
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[
91,
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[
... | An Improved Culture Method for Selective Isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from Wastewater Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading foodborne pathogens worldwide. C. jejuni is isolated from a wide range of foods, domestic animals, wildlife, and environmental sources. The currently available culture-based isolation methods are not highly effective for wastewater samples due to the low number of C. jejuni in the midst of competing bacteria. To detect and isolate C. jejuni from wastewater samples, in this study, we evaluated a few different enrichment conditions using five different antibiotics (i.e., cefoperazone, vancomycin, trimethoprim, polymyxin B, and rifampicin), to which C. jejuni is intrinsically resistant. The selectivity of each enrichment condition was measured with C t value using quantitative real-time PCR, and multiplex PCR to determine Campylobacter species. In addition, the efficacy of Campylobacter isolation on different culture media after selective enrichment was examined by growing on Bolton and Preston agar plates. The addition of polymyxin B, rifampicin, or both to the Bolton selective supplements enhanced the selective isolation of C. jejuni. The results of 16S rDNA sequencing also revealed that Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are major competing bacteria in the enrichment conditions. Although it is known to be difficult to isolate Campylobacter from samples with heavy contamination, this study well exhibited that the manipulation of antibiotic selective pressure improves the isolation efficiency of fastidious Campylobacter from wastewater. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T082",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"B-T007",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"... | [
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"db_id": "C0017428",
... | [
"An",
"improved",
"high",
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"quality",
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"spoilage",
",",
... | [
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0,
2
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12,
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16,
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25,
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31,
37
],
[
38,
46
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[
47,
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50,
64
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65,
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74,
79
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79,
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8... | An improved high-quality draft genome sequence of Carnobacterium inhibens subsp. inhibens strain K1(T) Despite their ubiquity and their involvement in food spoilage, the genus Carnobacterium remains rather sparsely characterized at the genome level. Carnobacterium inhibens K1(T) is a member of the Carnobacteriaceae family within the class Bacilli. This strain is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from the intestine of an Atlantic salmon. The present study determined the genome sequence and annotation of Carnobacterium inhibens K1(T). The genome comprised 2,748,608 bp with a G + C content of 34.85 %, which included 2621 protein-coding genes and 116 RNA genes. The strain contained five contigs corresponding to presumptive plasmids of sizes: 19,036; 24,250; 26,581; 65,272; and 65,904 bp. |
[
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
... | [
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"db_id": "C0079989",
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{
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"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id... | [
"Is",
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"appropriate",
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"or",
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0,
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86,
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[
92,
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9... | Is focused parathyroidectomy appropriate for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism? The aim of this study was to determine whether focused or complete parathyroidectomy was more appropriate and to compare follow-up data in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). We retrospectively analyzed 225 operations for PHPT at Yonsei University Health System between 2000 and 2012. After excluding 93 patients, the remaining 132 were divided into 2 groups: those who underwent focused parathyroidectomy (FP) and those who underwent conventional parathyroidectomy (CP). We compared clinicopathological features; preoperative calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), phosphorus, vitamin D, 24-hour urine calcium, and alkaline phosphatase levels; postoperative calcium and PTH levels; pathologic diagnosis; multiplicity; and results of a localization study between the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in the rates of development of postoperative persistent hyperparathyroidism (1/122 FP patients and 1/10 CP patients) between the 2 groups due to a technical reason (FP 0.8% vs. CP 10.0%, P = 0.146). Multiglandular disease (MGD) was uncommon in all cases (6 of 132, 4.5%). All MGD cases were diagnosed using a preoperative localization study. Sestamibi scan and ultrasonography sensitivity were 94.2% and 90.2%, respectively. We suggest that FP is appropriate in PHPT, except in cases of MGD if detected before the operation using preoperative imaging. Knowledge of hereditary PHPT and improved preoperative localization studies, such as high-resolution ultrasonography, contributed to the decision to perform FP rather than CP in all cases of unilateral results of the localizing study. |
[
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T074",
"I-T074",
"I-T074",
"I-T074",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",... | [
{
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},
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
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{
"db_id": "C0087111",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0025080",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Presurgical",
"Nasoalveolar",
"Molding",
"Therapy",
"Using",
"Figueroa",
"'",
"s",
"NAM",
"Technique",
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"Study",
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"e... | [
[
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25,
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33,
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41,
46
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[
47,
55
],
[
55,
56
],
[
56,
57
],
[
58,
61
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[
62,
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[
72,
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75,
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... | Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Therapy Using Figueroa's NAM Technique in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Preliminary Study The objective of the study was to evaluate the results of nasoalveolar molding (NAM) in the treatment of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate using a modified technique in a South Indian population. The design was a prospective study with blinded measurements. The sample constituted 10 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients who underwent NAM therapy by the same operator. Direct extra and intra oral anthropometric measurements were done using a digital vernier caliper before and after NAM therapy. A photographic evaluation was also done to rate the nasal deformity post NAM therapy. The differences between measurements were statistically analyzed using paired t tests. The extra oral measurements revealed a statistically significant increase in bi-alar width, columellar length and width. The intraoral measurements demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in anterior alveolar cleft width. There was also a significant increase in arch width and greater and lesser segments length. All cases were rated as improved by the surgeons in photographic analysis. The study has quantitatively shown that the modified NAM therapy improved nasal asymmetry by columellar lengthening and effectively molded the maxillary alveolar arch. |
[
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T031",
"I-T031",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C1148554",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1148554",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0039663",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
... | [
"Sensitive",
"determination",
"of",
"THC",
"and",
"main",
"metabolites",
"in",
"human",
"plasma",
"by",
"means",
"of",
"microextraction",
"in",
"packed",
"sorbent",
"and",
"gas",
"chromatography",
"-",
"tandem",
"mass",
"spectrometry",
"Cannabis",
"is",
"one",
"... | [
[
0,
9
],
[
10,
23
],
[
24,
26
],
[
27,
30
],
[
31,
34
],
[
35,
39
],
[
40,
51
],
[
52,
54
],
[
55,
60
],
[
61,
67
],
[
68,
70
],
[
71,
76
],
[
77,
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],
[
... | Sensitive determination of THC and main metabolites in human plasma by means of microextraction in packed sorbent and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Cannabis is one of the most available and consumed illicit drug in the world and its identification and quantification in biological specimens can be a challenge given its low concentrations in body fluids. The present work describes a fast and fully validated procedure for the simultaneous detection and quantification of ▵(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (▵(9_)THC) and its two main metabolites 11-hydroxy ▵(9_)tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-▵(9)- tetrahydrocannbinol (THC-COOH) in plasma samples using microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). A small plasma volume (0.25mL) pre-diluted (1:20), was extracted with MEPS M1 sorbent as follows: conditioning (4 cycles of 250μL methanol and 4 cycles of 250μL 0.1% formic acid in water); sample load (26 cycles of 250μL); wash (100μL of 3% acetic acid in water followed by 100μL 5% methanol in water); and elution (6 cycles of 100μL of 10% ammonium hydroxide in methanol). The procedure allowed the quantification of all analytes in the range of 0.1-30ng/mL. Recoveries ranged from 53 to 78% (THC), 57 to 66% (11-OH-THC) and 62 to 65% (THC-COOH), allowing the limits of detection and quantification to be set at 0.1ng/mL for all compounds. Intra-day precision and accuracy revealed coefficients of variation (CVs) lower than 10% at the studied concentrations, with a mean relative error within±9%, while inter-day precision and accuracy showed CVs lower than 15% for all analytes at the tested concentrations, with an inaccuracy within±8%. |
[
"B-T033",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0231441",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0023764",
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0033811",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0033811",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Immobilization",
"of",
"Lipase",
"from",
"Pseudomonas",
"fluorescens",
"on",
"Porous",
"Polyurea",
"and",
"Its",
"Application",
"in",
"Kinetic",
"Resolution",
"of",
"Racemic",
"1",
"-",
"Phenylethanol",
"A",
"porous",
"polyurea",
"(",
"PPU",
")",
"was",
"prepar... | [
[
0,
14
],
[
15,
17
],
[
18,
24
],
[
25,
29
],
[
30,
41
],
[
42,
53
],
[
54,
56
],
[
57,
63
],
[
64,
72
],
[
73,
76
],
[
77,
80
],
[
81,
92
],
[
93,
95
],
[
... | Immobilization of Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens on Porous Polyurea and Its Application in Kinetic Resolution of Racemic 1-Phenylethanol A porous polyurea (PPU) was prepared through a simple protocol by reacting toluene diisocyanate with water in binary solvent of water - acetone. Its amine group was determined through spectrophotometric absorbance based on its iminization with p-nitrobenzaldehyde amines. PPU was then used as a novel polymer support for enzyme immobilization, through activation by glutaraldehyde followed by immobilization of an enzyme, lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL), via covalent bonding with the amine groups of lipase molecules. Influences of glutaraldehyde and enzyme concentration and pH in the process were studied. The results revealed that the activity of the immobilized PFL reached a maximum at GA concentration of 0.17 mol/L and at pH 8. Immobilization rate of 60% or higher for PFL was obtained under optimized condition with an enzyme activity of 283 U/mg. The porous structure of PPU, prior to and after GA activation and PFL immobilization, was characterized. The activity of the immobilized PFL at different temperature and pH and its stability at 40 °C as well as its reusability were tested. The immobilized enzyme was finally used as enantioselective catalyst in kinetic resolution of racemic 1- ph enylethanol (1-PEOH), and its performance compared with the free PFL. The results demonstrate that the enzyme activity and stability were greatly improved for the immobilized PFL, and highly pure enantiomers from racemic 1-PEOH were effectively achieved using the immobilized PFL. Noticeable deactivation of PFL in the resolution was observed by acetaldehyde in situ formed. In addition, the immobilized PFL was readily recovered from the reaction system for reuse. A total of 73% of the initial activity was retained after 5 repeated reuse cycles. This work provides a novel route to preparation of a polyurea porous material and its enzyme immobilization, leading to a novel type of immobilized enzyme for efficient kinetic resolution of racemic molecules. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T082",
"I-T082",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"B-T058",
... | [
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{
"db_id": "C4039583",
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{
... | [
"From",
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"antibodies",
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58,
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[
59,
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[
63,
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[
64,
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66,
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[
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8... | From therapeutic antibodies to chimeric antigen receptors (CARs): making better CARs based on antigen - binding domain A variety of approaches are being pursued to improve the safety and antitumor potency of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. However, most engineering efforts have thus far been focused on its intracellular signaling domain, while its extracellular antigen - binding domain has received less attention. Areas covered: Herein, the authors summarize the current knowledge of CAR T-cell therapy. Accordingly, they focus on its antigen - binding domain, discuss key considerations for selecting an optimal single-chain variable fragment (scFv) when designing a CAR, and suggest potential directions aimed at developing the next-generation CARs. Expert opinion: The extracellular region of CARs can play a decisive role in their safety and efficacy. Instead of directly translating an available therapeutic mAb to a scFv-based CAR construct, the authors suggest that various CAR - displayed scFvs with different affinity, specificity and binding epitopes against an individual target molecule should be generated and evaluated side-by-side. Incorporating new antibody formats that possess characteristics superior to those of scFvs may be one way to engineer safer and more effective CARs. The authors expect that further CAR engineering will enable us to target more antigens involved in hematological and solid malignancies with minimal side effects to serve unmet clinical needs. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",... | [
{
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"db_id": null,
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"db_id... | [
"Phenolic",
"profile",
",",
"antioxidant",
"capacity",
"of",
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"Ziziphus",
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"christi",
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"L... | [
[
0,
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[
16,
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[
18,
29
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[
30,
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[
39,
41
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[
42,
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[
47,
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[
56,
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[
61,
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[
62,
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[
70,
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[
71,
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[
7... | Phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity of five Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd provenances and their allelopathic effects on Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Lens culinaris L. seeds The aim of this work was to evaluate some secondary metabolites, antioxidant activity of methanolic leaf extracts of five Ziziphus spina-christi provenances (INRGREF, Tozeur, Degueche, Nafta and Kebelli) and their allelopathic effects on Trigonella foenum-graecum and Lens culinaris. Leaves were collected during 2013 and 2014. Total phenols, flavonoids, tannins and antioxidant activity were evaluated using the Folin ciocalteux, Aluminum trichloride, vanillin and scavenging activity on 22-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical methods, respectively. Total phenols, tannins and flavonoids were present, at levels of 57.41 mg GAE/g DW, 31.98 mg RE/g DW and 14.68 μg CE/g DW, respectively. The high antioxidant activity (0.086 μg/mL) was noted in kebelli provenance (2013). The highest germination, plumule and radicle lengths of tested species were observed in INRGREF provenance. Z. spina-christi leaf extracts may be suggested in foods and pharmaceutical industries. Leaf extracts could also provide a natural herbicide with a positive impact on the environment. |
[
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"B-T074",
"O",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"I-T033",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0220825",
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{
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{
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"db_id": "C0459385",
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{
"db_id": "C0459385",
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{
... | [
"Evaluation",
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[
0,
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[
11,
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... | Evaluation of a New Brain Tissue Probe for Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring in an Experimental Pig Model Bedside monitoring of cerebral blood flow (CBF) may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of brain injury, allow early detection of secondary ischemia, and help guide therapy. To evaluate a new brain tissue probe for serial CBF monitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy and indocyanine green dye dilution (NeMo Probe) compared with the existing thermal diffusion probe (QFlow 500 Probe). In 7 pigs, the NeMo Probe and QFlow 500 Probe were inserted into the subcortical white matter. Parallel measurements were recorded during (1) baseline, (2) hypotension, (3) hypertension, and (4) hyperventilation. Thereafter, protocol points 1 through 4 were repeated once. The Spearman correlation (rs), Bland-Altman plot, concordance rate, and coefficient of variation were used for statistical analysis. There was poor agreement between 56 pairs of absolute CBF values (rs = 0.52, P < .001). The mean bias was 10.7 mL·100 g·min with limits of agreement of -33.0 to 54.3 mL·100 g·min. The analysis of 49 pairs of changes in CBF showed a good correlation (rs = 0.83, P < .001), and the concordance rate was 93.3%. The coefficient of variation from repeated measurements under comparable physiological conditions was 51.6% for the QFlow 500 Probe and 12.9% for the NeMo Probe. Absolute CBF values obtained with the NeMo Probe and QFlow 500 Probe cannot be interpreted as equivalent. However, the NeMo Probe provides acceptable trending ability and reproducibility from repeated measurements, whereas the reproducibility of the QFlow 500 Probe was poor. Future clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the NeMo Probe in the setting of acute brain injury. CBF, cerebral blood flow CBV, cerebral blood volume ICG, indocyanine green ICP, intracranial pressure MAP, mean arterial pressure mttICG, mean transit time of indocyanine green NIRS, near-infrared spectroscopy. |
[
"B-T017",
"O",
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"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"B-T082",
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"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T005",
"I-T005",
"O",
"B-T005",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"B-T082",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T0... | [
{
"db_id": "C0026724",
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{
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{
"db_id": "C0221912",
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"db_id": "C0021344",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0021344",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": null,
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}... | [
"Mucosal",
"and",
"cutaneous",
"human",
"papillomaviruses",
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"head",
"and",
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"squamous",
"cell",
"papillomas",
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9... | Mucosal and cutaneous human papillomaviruses in head and neck squamous cell papillomas Conflicting data exist regarding the contribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) to the development of head and neck squamous cell papillomas. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded papillomas were tested for 28 mucosal and 79 cutaneous HPVs using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. Eighty-three papillomas (43 oropharyngeal, 31 oral, 6 laryngeal, and 3 nasopharyngeal) were analyzed. Twenty-four samples (28.9%) harbored mucosal HPVs: 3 oropharyngeal (6.9%), 15 oral (48.3%), 4 laryngeal (66.7%), and 2 nasopharyngeal papillomas (66.7%). Eighty-one cases were also tested for cutaneous HPVs, detected in 16 lesions (19.7%): 11 (13.5%) harbored only cutaneous types, and 5 (6.2%) were positive for both cutaneous and mucosal HPVs. Among these 81 cases, prevalence of mucosal and/or cutaneous HPV infection was 43.2%. HPV DNA detection in a fraction of head and neck papillomas supports the role of HPV in their development. However, other markers need to be considered to confirm the association of HPV infection with these lesions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 254-259, 2017. |
[
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
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"B-T017",
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"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
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"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
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"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0037083",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0037083",
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{
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{
"db_id": "C1621433",
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{
"db_id": "C1621433",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": null,
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}... | [
"Guidance",
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"edge",
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"which",
... | [
[
0,
8
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9,
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20,
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[
30,
37
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[
38,
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43,
52
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[
53,
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[
60,
70
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[
71,
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[
76,
85
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[
86,
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[
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[
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... | Guidance signalling regulates leading edge behaviour during collective cell migration of cardiac cells in Drosophila Collective cell migration is the coordinated movement of cells, which organize tissues during morphogenesis, repair and some cancers. The motile cell membrane of the advancing front in collective cell migration is termed the Leading Edge. The embryonic development of the vertebrate and Drosophila hearts are both characterized by the coordinated medial migration of a bilateral cluster of mesodermal cells. In Drosophila, the cardioblasts form cohesive bilateral rows that migrate collectively as a unit towards the dorsal midline to form the dorsal vessel. We have characterized the collective cell migration of cardioblasts as an in vivo quantitative model to study the behaviour of the Leading Edge. We investigated whether guidance signalling through Slit and Netrin pathways plays a role in cell migration during heart development. Through time-lapse imaging and quantitative assessment of migratory behaviour of the cardioblasts in loss-of-function mutants, we demonstrate that both Slit and Netrin mediated signals are autonomously and concomitantly required to maximize migration velocity, filopodial and lamellipodial activities. Additionally, we show that another Slit and Netrin receptor, Dscam1, the role of which during heart development was previously unknown, is required for both normal migration of cardioblasts and luminal expansion. Leading edge behaviour analysis revealed a dosage dependent genetic interaction between Slit and Netrin receptors suggesting that downstream signalling through these receptors converge on a common output that increases leading edge activity of the cardioblasts. Finally, we found that guidance signalling maintains the balance between epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics of the migrating cardioblasts. |
[
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0037313",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0031900",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0031900",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0031900",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Sleep",
"architecture",
"in",
"Pierre",
"-",
"Robin",
"sequence",
":",
"The",
"effect",
"of",
"mandibular",
"distraction",
"osteogenesis",
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"PRS",
")",
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"a",
"triad",
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"/",
"retrognathia",
",",
"glos... | [
[
0,
5
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[
6,
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[
19,
21
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[
22,
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[
28,
29
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[
29,
34
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[
35,
43
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[
43,
44
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[
45,
48
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[
49,
55
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[
56,
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[
59,
69
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[
70,
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8... | Sleep architecture in Pierre-Robin sequence: The effect of mandibular distraction osteogenesis Pierre-Robin Sequence (PRS), a triad of micro / retrognathia, glossoptosis, and upper airway obstruction, usually in conjunction with a cleft palate is frequently associated with significant morbidity. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is an effective treatment modality to address retroglossal upper airway obstruction by increasing the anterior-posterior diameter of the infant airway. Although MDO has been shown to improve the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in children with PRS, the consequences of MDO on other aspects of infant sleep, including hypercapnea, hypoxia, the REM to Non-REM ratio, as well as its effect on central and mixed apneas has not been investigated with an adequate sample size. To characterize the effect of MDO on key components of sleep architecture in infants with PRS. Charts from 32 infants with PRS that were addressed with MDO at our tertiary-care children's hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 26 infants (57.7% male; mean age = 4.1 weeks, SD = 5.0) had pre- and post-operative polysomnograms (PSG). Paired samples t-tests were used to compare pre- and post - MDO sleep architecture mean score differences. Among the 26 infants, 73.1% demonstrated severe pre - MDO sleep apnea (AHI > 10). Several aspects of sleep architecture were found to improve post-operatively. Significant improvements were found in AHI (30.3 vs. 8.7; t = 4.1, p < 0.001), obstructive apneas (79.3 vs. 5.8; t = 4.0, p < 0.001), hypopneas (48.1 vs. 22.1; t = 2.2, p = 0.040), time spent below 90% SpO2 (3.9% vs. 0.7%; t = 3.3, p = 0.003), and lowest SpO2 nadir (75.4% vs. 82.9%; 3.4, p = 0.002). In addition, a marginally significant improvement was found for mixed apnea (6.3 vs. 1.6; t = 1.99, p = 0.058). MDO improve s several sleep architecture parameters in this sample of infants with PRS. Statistically significant improvement was seen in obstructive apneas, hypopneas, AHI, obstructive AHI, and several indicators of hypoxia during sleep. |
[
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
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"I-T017",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C1527800",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1527800",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1527800",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1171362",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1171362",
"db_name": "U... | [
"Deficient",
"cMyBP",
"-",
"C",
"protein",
"expression",
"during",
"cardiomyocyte",
"differentiation",
"underlies",
"human",
"hypertrophic",
"cardiomyopathy",
"cellular",
"phenotypes",
"in",
"disease",
"specific",
"human",
"ES",
"cell",
"derived",
"cardiomyocytes",
"Mut... | [
[
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[
10,
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18,
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26,
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[
37,
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[
44,
57
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[
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74,
83
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[
84,
89
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[
90,
102
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[
103,
117
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[
... | Deficient cMyBP-C protein expression during cardiomyocyte differentiation underlies human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cellular phenotypes in disease specific human ES cell derived cardiomyocytes Mutations of cardiac sarcomere genes have been identified to cause HCM, but the molecular mechanisms that lead to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and risk for sudden death are uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine HCM disease mechanisms at play during cardiac differentiation of human HCM specific pluripotent stem cells. We generated a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line carrying a naturally occurring mutation of MYPBC3 (c.2905 +1 G >A) to study HCM pathogenesis during cardiac differentiation. HCM - specific hESC - derived cardiomyocytes (hESC -CMs) displayed hallmark aspects of HCM including sarcomere disarray, hypertrophy and impaired calcium impulse propagation. HCM hESC -CMs presented a transient haploinsufficiency of cMyBP-C during cardiomyocyte differentiation, but by day 30 post - differentiation cMyBP-C levels were similar to control hESC -CMs. Gene transfer of full-length MYBPC3 during differentiation prevented hypertrophy, sarcomere disarray and improved calcium impulse propagation in HCM hESC -CMs. These findings point to the critical role of MYBPC3 during sarcomere assembly in cardiac myocyte differentiation and suggest developmental influences of MYBPC3 truncating mutations on the mature hypertrophic phenotype. |
[
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",... | [
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
}... | [
"All",
"-",
"arthroscopic",
"AMIC",
"(",
"®",
")",
"(",
"AT",
"-",
"AMIC",
"(",
"®",
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"for",
"talar",
"osteochondral",
"defects",
":",
"clinical",
"and",
"radiological",
"results",
"Autologous",
... | [
[
0,
3
],
[
3,
4
],
[
4,
16
],
[
17,
21
],
[
22,
23
],
[
23,
24
],
[
24,
25
],
[
26,
27
],
[
27,
29
],
[
29,
30
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[
30,
34
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[
34,
35
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[
35,
36
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[
36,... | All-arthroscopic AMIC (®) (AT-AMIC(®)) technique with autologous bone graft for talar osteochondral defects: clinical and radiological results Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC (®)) is known to provide satisfactory clinical results for the treatment of knee, hip, and ankle cartilage lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of patients treated with a new all-arthroscopic AMIC (®) (AT-AMIC(®)) technique with autologous bone graft for talar osteochondral defects at a follow-up of 24 months. Twenty patients underwent the AT-AMIC(®) procedure and autologous bone graft for type III and IV talar osteochondral lesions. Patients were evaluated pre-operatively and at 6, 12, and 24 months post-operatively using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, the visual analog scale, and the SF-12 (Short Form-12). Radiological assessment included computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART). All scores significantly improved (p < 0.05) with respect to pre-operative values after 6 months. Further improvements were detected at 24 months (AOFAS, from 57.1 ± 14.9 before surgery to 86.6 ± 10.9 after 24 months; VAS, from 8.1 ± 1.4 to 2.5 ± 2.2; SF-12, from 29.9 ± 4.1 to 48.5 ± 6.9 and from 43.8 ± 2.9 to 53.1 ± 3.9, respectively, for Physical and Mental component score). Lesion area significantly reduced from 111.1 ± 43.2 mm(2) pre-operatively to 76.9 ± 38.1 mm(2) (p < 0.05) at final follow-up as assessed by CT, and from 154.1 ± 93.6 to 94.3 ± 61.3 mm(2) (p < 0.05) as assessed by MRI. The mean MOCART score was 42.8 ± 23.5 points and 50.9 ± 24.9 points, respectively, at 12 and 24 months after surgery (p < 0.05). AT-AMIC (®) with autologous bone grafting has proven to be a safe and effective minimal invasive technique, able to rapidly and significantly improve pain, function, and radiological healing of osteochondral talar lesions, with progressive further improvements up to 24 months. Orthopedic surgeons specialized in foot and ankle surgery should adopt the AT-AMIC(®) technique for the treatment of osteochondral talar lesions, which proved to be effective and minimally invasive, avoiding malleolar osteotomy with a low risk of complications. IV. |
[
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
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"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0598888",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0162801",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0162801",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C1003273",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Cloning",
"and",
"sequence",
"analysis",
"of",
"Wild",
"Argali",
"short",
"palate",
",",
"lung",
"and",
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"Argali",
"short",
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[
0,
7
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[
8,
11
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[
12,
20
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[
21,
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[
30,
32
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[
33,
37
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[
38,
44
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[
45,
50
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[
51,
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[
57,
58
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[
59,
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[
64,
67
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68,
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7... | Cloning and sequence analysis of Wild Argali short palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone 1 cDNA Experiments were conducted to clone the sequence of Wild Argali short palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone 1 (SPLUNC1) cDNA, and to lay the foundation for further study the biological function of Wild Argali SPLUNC1. The complete sequence of Wild Argali SPLUNC1 cDNA was generated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The entire coding sequence was inserted into the pPIC9K vector and expressed in Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) GS115. The recombinant SPLUNC1 protein was detected by Western blot and purified by Ni(2+) chelate affinity chromatography. The test of effect of the protein on Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (MO) was performed with real-time polymerase chain reaction. The Wild Argali SPLUNC1 cDNA was 1,076 bp with an open reading frame of 768 bp, which encoded a 26.49 kDa protein composed of 255 amino acids. Its amino acid sequence shared 98.4%, 96.9%, 94.5%, 90.2%, 80.8%, 78.4%, 78.3%, 72.5%, 72.3%, 68.8% identity with those of SPLUNC1 cDNA from Ovis aries (accession no. NP_001288334.1), Capra hircus (accession no. XP_005688516.1), Pantholops hodgsonii (accession no. XP_005979709.1), Bos taurus (accession no. NP_776851.1), Felis catus (accession no. XP_006929910.1), Homo sapiens (accession no. NP_001230122.1), Sus scrofa (accession no. NP_001005727.1), Chinchilla lanigera (accession no. NP_001269294.1), Mus musculus (accession no. NP_035256.2), and Rattus norvegicus (accession no. NP_742028.1), respectively. The recombinant protein corresponded to the expected molecular mass of 25.47 kDa as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and it was detected in the supernatant of P. pastoris, and it could be purified. The results from the test of inhibition effect of argali recombinant SPLUNC1 protein on MO showed that the product could inhibit MO very well (p<0.01). The amino acid sequence of Wild Argali SPLUNC1 was different from other organisms. The recombinant SPLUNC1 protein has good biological activity. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T201",
"I-T201",
"I-T201",
"I-T201",
"I-T201",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T201",
"I-T201",
"I-T201"... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
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{
"db_id": "C0428772",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0428772",
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{
"db_id": "C0428772",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0428772",
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}... | [
"Comparison",
"of",
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"-",
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[
0,
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49,
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[
56,
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[
65,
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[
71,
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80,
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[
89,
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94,
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[
... | Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction values obtained using invasive contrast left ventriculography, two-dimensional echocardiography, and gated single-photon emission computed tomography Left ventricular ejection fraction can be measured by a variety of invasive and non-invasive cardiac techniques. This study assesses the relation of three diagnostic modalities to each other in the measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction: invasive contrast left ventriculography, two-dimensional echocardiography, and quantitative gated single-photon emission computed tomography. Retrospective chart review was conducted on 58 patients hospitalized with chest pain, who underwent left ventricular ejection fraction evaluation using each of the aforementioned modalities within a 3-month period not interrupted by myocardial infarction or revascularization. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction values were as follows: invasive contrast left ventriculography (0.44±0.15), two-dimensional echocardiography (0.46±0.13), and gated single-photon emission computed tomography (0.37±0.10). Correlations coefficients and associated p values were as follows: invasive contrast left ventriculography versus two-dimensional echocardiography (r=0.69, p<0.001), invasive contrast left ventriculography versus gated single-photon emission computed tomography (r=0.80, p<0.0001), and gated single-photon emission computed tomography versus two-dimensional echocardiography (r=0.69, p<0.001). Our results indicate that strong positive correlations exist among the three techniques studied. |
[
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T097",
"I-T097",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
"O",
"O",
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"I-T097",
"O",
"O",
"O",
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"I-T033",
"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
... | [
{
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{
"db_id": "C0677616",
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{
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{
... | [
"Plastic",
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40,
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8... | Plastic Surgery and Suicide: A Clinical Guide for Plastic Surgeons Several studies have identified an increased risk of suicide among patient populations which a plastic surgeon may have a high risk of encountering: women undergoing breast augmentation, cosmetic surgery patients, and breast cancer patients. No formal guidelines exist to assist a plastic surgeon when faced with such a patient, and not every plastic surgery team has mental health clinicians that are readily accessible for consultation or referral. The goal of this clinical guide is to offer plastic surgeons a set of practical approaches to manage potentially suicidal patients. In addition, the authors review a screening tool, which can assist surgeons when encountering high-risk patients. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": "C0337358",
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{
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{
"db_id": "C0013470",
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{
"db_id... | [
"The",
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"of",
"Palatoplasty",
"on",
"Eating",
"Function",
"Postoperative",
"dietary",
"control",
"and",
"surgical",
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"are",
"important",
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"minimizing",
"complications",
"after",
"a",
"palatoplasty",
"because",
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[
0,
3
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[
4,
13
],
[
14,
16
],
[
17,
29
],
[
30,
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[
33,
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[
40,
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49,
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[
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92,
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... | The Influence of Palatoplasty on Eating Function Postoperative dietary control and surgical procedures are important for minimizing complications after a palatoplasty because the palate is always exposed to stresses by various movements associated with eating. Currently, we provide fluid foods (food paste, liquid food, and soft food) to postpalatoplasty patients. However, nutritional inadequacies associated with fluid food necessitate the need to develop a new food specifically for postpalatoplasty patients. Although evaluating the influence of a palatoplasty on eating function is important for the development of a new diet, no data have been published on this topic. Thus, to evaluate the influence of a palatoplasty on eating function, we analyzed postoperative changes in the eating condition of cleft palate patients. We performed a retrospective study. All participants had undergone surgery for a cleft palate at our hospital. Nurses recorded the amount of food that patients consumed as a ratio of the whole meal, and we extracted data on the food type and the amount consumed at each meal from their medical records. After the ratio was expressed as a percentage of the whole meal (eating rate), we calculated the mean value of the percentage of the subject group and examined chronological changes. The eating rate was very low on postoperative day 1, it improved over time and was constant on postoperative day 7. From this result, we concluded that palatoplasty greatly influences the eating function of patients, and the influence lasts for at least a week after surgery. |
[
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T082",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0220825",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
}... | [
"Estimation",
"of",
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"Renal",
"Function",
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"99m",
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... | [
[
0,
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14,
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20,
25
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[
26,
34
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[
35,
39
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[
40,
41
],
[
41,
44
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[
44,
45
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[
45,
47
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[
47,
48
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[
48,
52
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[
53,
58
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... | Estimation of Split Renal Function With (99m)Tc-DMSA SPECT: Comparison Between 3D Volumetric Assessment and 2D Coronal Projection Imaging Split renal function (SRF) can be estimated with (99m)Tc-labeled dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) SPECT cortical renal scintigraphy on either 2D projected images or 3D images. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference between SRF values calculated with the 2D method and those calculated with the 3D method. This retrospective study was performed with (99m)Tc-DMSA SPECT images of 316 patients (age range, 1-26 years). All images were reconstructed by filtered back projection. An automated computational method was developed to estimate SRF using both 2D projection images and direct 3D images. A paired t test was used to evaluate the difference between SRFs determined with the two methods and the association between the magnitude of the differences and kidney size, patient age, and SRF. There was strong correlation between SRFs estimated with the 2D and 3D methods (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). There was small significant difference (0.14% ± 0.86%, p = 0.003) in SRFs obtained with the two methods. The difference was clinically negligible and independent of renal length (p = 0.698), volume (p = 0.297), and patient age (p = 0.768) but was associated with SRF (p = 0.018). For determination of split renal function, (99m)Tc-DMSA SPECT renal scintigraphy 2D coronal projection images perform as well as and are simpler to analyze than 3D images. |
[
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O"... | [
{
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},
{
"db_id": "C0043506",
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": "C0078814",
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id... | [
"From",
"Zirconium",
"Nanograins",
"to",
"Zirconia",
"Nanoneedles",
"Combinations",
"of",
"three",
"simple",
"techniques",
"were",
"utilized",
"to",
"gradually",
"form",
"zirconia",
"nanoneedles",
"from",
"zirconium",
"nanograins",
".",
"First",
",",
"a",
"physical"... | [
[
0,
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[
5,
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[
15,
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26,
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29,
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],
[
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[
50,
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[
63,
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],
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66,
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72,
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79,
89
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[
90,
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[
95,
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... | From Zirconium Nanograins to Zirconia Nanoneedles Combinations of three simple techniques were utilized to gradually form zirconia nanoneedles from zirconium nanograins. First, a physical vapor deposition magnetron sputtering technique was used to deposit pure zirconium nanograins on top of a substrate. Second, an anodic oxidation was applied to fabricate zirconia nanotubular arrays. Finally, heat treatment was used at different annealing temperatures in order to change the structure and morphology from nanotubes to nanowires and subsequently to nanoneedles in the presence of argon gas. The size of the pure zirconium nanograins was estimated to be approximately 200-300 nm. ZrO2 nanotubular arrays with diameters of 70-120 nm were obtained. Both tetragonal and monoclinic ZrO2 were observed after annealing at 450 °C and 650 °C. Only a few tetragonal peaks appeared at 850 °C, while monoclinic ZrO2 was obtained at 900 °C and 950 °C. In assessing the biocompatibility of the ZrO2 surface, the human cell line MDA-MB-231 was found to attach and proliferate well on surfaces annealed at 850 °C and 450 °C; however, the amorphous ZrO2 surface, which was not heat treated, did not permit extensive cell growth, presumably due to remaining fluoride. |
[
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
... | [
"Task",
"-",
"Oriented",
"Training",
"with",
"Computer",
"Games",
"for",
"People",
"with",
"Rheumatoid",
"Arthritis",
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"Osteoarthritis",
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"A",
"Feasibility",
"Randomized",
"Controlled",
"Trial",
"To",
"examine",
"the",
"feasibility",
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"a",
... | [
[
0,
4
],
[
4,
5
],
[
5,
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],
[
14,
22
],
[
23,
27
],
[
28,
36
],
[
37,
42
],
[
43,
46
],
[
47,
53
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[
54,
58
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[
59,
69
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[
70,
79
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[
80,
82
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[
83,... | Task-Oriented Training with Computer Games for People with Rheumatoid Arthritis or Hand Osteoarthritis: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial To examine the feasibility of a clinical trial on a novel, home-based task-oriented training with conventional hand exercises in people with rheumatoid arthritis or hand osteoarthritis. To explore the experiences of participants who completed their respective home exercise programmes. Thirty volunteer participants aged between 30 and 60 years and diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis or hand osteoarthritis were proposed for a single-center, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01635582). Participants received task-oriented training with interactive computer games and objects of daily life or finger mobility and strengthening exercises. Both programmes were home based and were done four sessions per week with 20 minutes each session for 6 weeks. Major feasibility outcomes were number of volunteers screened, randomized, and retained; completion of blinded assessments, exercise training, and home exercise sessions; equipment and data management; and clinical outcomes of hand function. Reaching the recruitment target in 18 months and achieving exercise compliance >80% were set as success criteria. Concurrent with the trial, focus group interviews explored experiences of those participants who completed their respective programmes. After trial initiation, revisions in inclusion criteria were required to promote recruitment. A total of 17 participants were randomized and 15 were retained. Completion of assessments, exercise training, and home exercise sessions; equipment and data collection and management demonstrated excellent feasibility. Both groups improved in hand function outcomes and exercise compliance was above 85%. Participants perceived both programmes as appropriate and acceptable. Participants who completed task-oriented training also agreed that playing different computer games was enjoyable, engaging, and motivating. Findings demonstrate initial evidence on recruitment, feasibility of trial procedures, and acceptability of task-oriented training in people with rheumatoid arthritis or hand osteoarthritis. Since the pilot trial was unsuccessful in participant recruitment, a large trial will not follow. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T092",
"I-T092",
"I-T092",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"B-T082",
"I-T082",
"I-T082",
"I-T082",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": "C0040128",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": "C0040128",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id... | [
"Spectrum",
"and",
"prevalence",
"of",
"thyroid",
"diseases",
"seen",
"at",
"a",
"tertiary",
"health",
"facility",
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"Sagamu",
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"prevalence",
"of",
"goitrous",
"swelling",
"has",
"reduced",
"in",
"Nigeria",
"sinc... | [
[
0,
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[
9,
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],
[
13,
23
],
[
24,
26
],
[
27,
34
],
[
35,
43
],
[
44,
48
],
[
49,
51
],
[
52,
53
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[
54,
62
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[
63,
69
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[
70,
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[
79,
81
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8... | Spectrum and prevalence of thyroid diseases seen at a tertiary health facility in Sagamu, South-West Nigeria The prevalence of goitrous swelling has reduced in Nigeria since the introduction of salt iodisation programme. Thyroid disorders are the second most common endocrine disorder after diabetes mellitus worldwide. They present to general outpatient, medical and surgical clinics accompanied by great anxiety and poor health-related quality of life. The study aimed to determine and describe the spectrum of thyroid disorders seen at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital over a 10- year period. This was a retrospective analysis of records of patients who presented to the hospital with thyroid swellings over a 10- year period (June 2004 to June 2014). Clinicopathological and demographic data obtained from hospital records in 175 patients diagnosed by clinical examination, thyroid ultrasound, hormone profile and histological confirmation in cases that had surgery were analysed for this study. The records of 175 patients were obtained comprising 151 (86.3%) females and 24 (13.7%) males (female to male ratio of 6.3:1) with age range from 18 to 76 years and mean age of 42.3 years, standard deviation 13.5. With clinical diagnosis, distribution of thyroid diseases was simple goitre 103 (58.9%), toxic goitre 64 (36.6%), hypothyroidism 3 (1.7%), malignant goitre 4 (2.3%) and thyroiditis 1 (0.6%). The age group of 30-49 years had the highest prevalence of the thyroid diseases 100 (57.2%) while the extremes of age, below 20 and over 70 years had the least (5.1 and 2.9%, respectively). The prevalent form of thyroid diseases seen at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital was simple goitre and most common in females. Studies on autoimmunity and other goitrogens are required to further elucidate the cause of this high prevalence. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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{
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
"db... | [
"Morphology",
",",
"Ultrastructure",
"and",
"Possible",
"Functions",
"of",
"Antennal",
"Sensilla",
"of",
"Sitodiplosis",
"mosellana",
"Géhin",
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"Diptera",
":",
"Cecidomyiidae",
")",
"To",
"better",
"understand",
"the",
"olfactory",
"receptive",
"mechanisms",
"in... | [
[
0,
10
],
[
10,
11
],
[
12,
26
],
[
27,
30
],
[
31,
39
],
[
40,
49
],
[
50,
52
],
[
53,
61
],
[
62,
70
],
[
71,
73
],
[
74,
86
],
[
87,
96
],
[
97,
102
],
[
... | Morphology, Ultrastructure and Possible Functions of Antennal Sensilla of Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) To better understand the olfactory receptive mechanisms involved in host selection and courtship behavior of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), one of the most important pests of wheat, scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the external morphology and ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla. The moniliform antennae exhibit obvious sexual dimorphism: antennae of the males are markedly longer than those of the females. Furthermore, each male flagellomere consists of two globular nodes, whereas each female flagellomere is cylindrical. Seven types of sensilla were identified in both sexes. Two types of s. chaetica have a lumen without dendrites and thick walls, suggesting that they are mechanoreceptors. S. trichodea and s. circumfila are typical chemoreceptors, possessing thin multiporous walls encircling a lumen with multiple dendrites. There are significantly more s. trichodea in female than in male, which may be related to host plant localization. In contrast, male s. circumfila are highly elongated compared to those of females, perhaps for pheromone detection. Peg-shaped s. coeloconica are innervated with unbranched dendrites extending from the base to the distal tip. Type 1 s. coeloconica, which have deep longitudinal grooves and finger -like projections on the surface, may serve as olfactory or humidity receptors, whereas type 2 s. coeloconica, smooth with a terminal pore, may be contact chemoreceptors. Also, this is the first report of Böhm' bristles at proximal scape on antennae of Cecidomyiid species potentially functioning as mechanoreceptors. |
[
"B-T017",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
... | [
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"db_id": "C0027627",
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"db_id": "C0027626",
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... | [
"Hint1",
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"cells",
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"-",
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0,
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31,
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40,
42
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43,
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58,
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83,
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86,
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9... | Hint1 suppresses migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by modulating girdin activity Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (Hint1) is a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene. Its role in cancer cell migration has not been previously speculated. In the current study, we examined the expression of Hint1 in metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and further elucidated the effect of Hint1 expression on girdin expression and phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1 / 2 and on the migration of HCC cells in vitro. Expression of Hint1 and girdin in primary HCC tissues and metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes was determined by RT-PCR assays. HepG2 cells were transfected with plasmid vectors overexpressing Hint1 or small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Hint1, girdin, Hint1 plus girdin, or the scrambled RNA. Migration and invasion of HCC cells were examined by wound and Transwell assays. Protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting assays. RT-PCR assays revealed that the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript levels of Hint1 were markedly lower than those of primary HCC tissues and non-metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.01). By contrast, the mRNA transcript levels of girdin were significantly higher than non-metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.05). Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of HINT1 resulted in a significant increase in the mRNA transcript levels of girdin in HepG2 cells (P < 0.05). Wound assays and Transwell assays showed that Hint1 knockdown by siRNA significantly enhanced the migration and invasion of HepG2 cells compared to HepG2 cells transfected with scrambled siRNA. Hint1 knockdown also led to significantly increased phosphorylation of girdin and AKT in HepG2 cells (P < 0.05), which, however, was effectively aborted by girdin knockdown by siRNA (P < 0.05). Hint1 is downregulated in metastatic lymph nodes and is implicated in migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro by modulating girdin and AKT expression and phosphorylation. The Hint1 - girdin - AKT signaling axis should be further dissected for its role in HCC migration and invasion and may be therapeutically targeted to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
... | [
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"db_id": "C1537708",
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"db_id": "C1537708",
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{
... | [
"Potential",
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"of",
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"10b",
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"apoptosis",
"in",
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"stenosis",
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",",
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[
0,
9
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10,
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15,
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18,
26
],
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26,
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],
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27,
30
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[
31,
35
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[
35,
36
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[
36,
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[
47,
49
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[
50,
63
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64,
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74,
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... | Potential role of microRNA-10b down-regulation in cardiomyocyte apoptosis in aortic stenosis patients MicroRNAs have been associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis, a process involved in myocardial remodelling in aortic valve (Av) stenosis (AS). Our aim was to analyse whether the dysregulation of myocardial microRNAs was related to cardiomyocyte apoptosis in AS patients. Endomyocardial biopsies were obtained from 28 patients with severe AS (based on pressure gradients and Av area) referred for Av replacement and from necropsies of 10 cardiovascular disease-free control subjects. AS patients showed an increased (P<0.001) cardiomyocyte apoptotic index (CMAI) compared with controls. Two clusters of patients were identified according to the CMAI: group 1 (CMAI ≤ 0.08%; n=16) and group 2 (CMAI > 0.08%; n=12). Group 2 patients presented lower cardiomyocyte density (P<0.001) and ejection fraction (P<0.05), and higher troponin T levels (P<0.05), prevalence of heart failure (HF; P<0.05) and NT-proBNP levels (P<0.05) than those from group 1. miRNA expression profile analysed in 5 patients randomly selected from each group showed 64 microRNAs down-regulated and 6 up-regulated (P<0.05) in group 2 compared with group 1. Those microRNAs with the highest fold-change were validated in the full two groups corroborating that miR-10b, miR-125b-2* and miR-338-3p were down-regulated (P<0.05) in group 2 compared with group 1 and control subjects. These three microRNAs were inversely correlated (P<0.05) with the CMAI. Inhibition of miR-10b induced an increase (P<0.05) of apoptosis and increased expression (P<0.05) of apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, myocardial down-regulation of miR-10b may be involved in increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in AS patients, probably through Apaf-1 up-regulation, contributing to cardiomyocyte damage and to the development of HF. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
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{
"db_id": null,
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"db_id": null,
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"db_id": null,
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"Acute",
"and",
"Chronic",
"Changes",
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"Tend",
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"Resynchronization",
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"Patients",
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"-",
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[
0,
5
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[
6,
9
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[
10,
17
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[
18,
25
],
[
26,
29
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[
30,
40
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[
41,
46
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[
47,
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50,
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65,
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77... | Acute and Chronic Changes and Predictive Value of Tpeak-Tend for Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Patients Prolongation of the Tpeak-Tend (TpTe) interval as a measurement of transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) is an independent risk factor for chronic heart failure mortality. However, the cardiac resynchronization therapy's (CRT) effect on TDR is controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate CRTs acute and chronic effects on repolarization dispersion. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between TpTe changes and ventricular arrhythmia. The study group consisted of 101 patients treated with CRT-defibrillator (CRT-D). According to whether TpTe was shortened, patients were grouped at immediate and 1-year follow-up after CRT, respectively. The echocardiogram index and ventricular arrhythmia were observed and compared in these subgroups. For all patients, TpTe slightly increased immediately after CRT-D implantation, and then decreased at the 1-year follow-up (from 107 ± 23 to 110 ± 21 ms within 24 h, to 94 ± 24 ms at 1-year follow-up, F = 19.366,P< 0.001). No significant difference in the left ventricular reverse remodeling and ventricular tachycardia / ventricular fibrillation (VT / VF) episodes between the TpTe immediately shortened and TpTe immediately nonshortened groups. However, patients in the TpTe at 1-year shorten had a higher rate of the left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (65% vs. 44%, χ2 = 4.495, P = 0.038) and less VT / VF episodes (log-rank test, χ2 = 10.207, P = 0.001) compared with TpTe 1-year nonshortened group. TpTe immediately after CRT-D independently predicted VT / VF episodes at 1-year follow-up (hazard ratio [HR], 1.030; P = 0.001). Patients with TpTe shortened at 1-year after CRT had a higher rate of LV reverse remodeling and less VT / VF episodes. The acute changes of TpTe after CRT have minimal value on mechanical reverse remodeling and ventricular arrhythmia. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"B-T103",
"B-T103",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"B-T170",
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"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
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"db_id": null,... | [
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68,
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72,
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76... | Letter to the Editor] NaOH concentration and streptavidin bead type are key factors for optimal DNA aptamer strand separation and isolation Address correspondence to Geoffrey K. Kilili or Christine M. Karbiwnyk, Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center, US Food and Drug Administration, Winchester, MA, 01890. E-mail: Geoffrey.Kilili@fda.hhs.gov or Christine.Karbiwnyk@fda.hhs.gov. |
[
"O",
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"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"... | [
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
... | [
"Hemorrhagic",
"sarcoid",
"pleural",
"effusion",
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"effusion",
",",
"pneumothorax",
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"pleural",
"thickeni... | [
[
0,
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36,
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38,
39
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[
40,
44
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[
45,
51
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[
52,
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64,
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[
74,
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... | Hemorrhagic sarcoid pleural effusion: A rare entity Involvement of pleura by sarcoidosis remains a rare manifestation and varies from pleural effusion, pneumothorax, pleural thickening, hydropneumothorax, trapped lung, hemothorax, or chylothorax. Sarcoid pleural effusions presenting as hemorrhagic effusions are even more rare. We report a case of active pulmonary sarcoidosis presenting as hemorrhagic pleural effusion requiring tissue diagnosis to rule out malignancy. The rarity of the presentation prompted us to report this case. |
[
"O",
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"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B... | [
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{
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{
"db_id": "C0162770",
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{
"db_id": "C0162770",
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}... | [
"Chronic",
"Hypobaric",
"Hypoxia",
"Induces",
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9... | Chronic Hypobaric Hypoxia Induces Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Apoptosis in Rats: Therapeutic Potential of Nanocurcumin in Improving Adaptation Nehra, Sarita, Varun Bhardwaj, Santosh Kar, and Deepika Saraswat. Chronic hypobaric hypoxia induces right ventricular hypertrophy and apoptosis in rats: therapeutic potential of nanocurcumin in improving adaptation. High Alt Med Biol. 17:342-352, 2016.-a sustained work load on the right heart on ascent to high altitudes promotes right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), which eventually undergoes decompensation and promotes pathological damage. However, the exact set of events leading to damage remains unidentified. Curcumin is a natural antioxidant and antihypertrophic agent, but it has poor biostability. Nanotized curcumin (nanocurcumin) has emerged as a promising agent with improved biostability while retaining the therapeutic properties of curcumin. The present study aimed at analyzing the therapeutic properties of nanocurcumin in ameliorating cardiac damage due to chronic hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced RVH in comparison to curcumin. Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to HH (25,000 feet, effective oxygen fraction in air [FIO2] ∼0.08, temperature 28°C ± 1°C, relative humidity 55% ± 2% for 3, 7, 14, and 21 days) developed RVH with increased interstitial collagen content, Fulton's index, and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area while upregulating atrial natriuretic peptide. Tissue damage due to apoptotic cell death was evident by cytochrome-c / caspase-3 activation and TUNEL assay. Concomitant modulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/ cGK-1, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMkinase II), and intracellular calcium levels with increased free radical -induced damage and lipid peroxidation further contributed to the right heart pathology. Nanocurcumin supplementation decreased HH -induced RVH and apoptosis while modulating cardiac cGMP / cGK-1 signaling, and maintaining CaMkinase II, intracellular calcium levels and redox status better than curcumin. Nanocurcumin -mediated antiapoptotic effects might have benefited residents and sojourners at high altitude in preventing hypoxic cardiac damage. |
[
"O",
"O",
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"I-T062",
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"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
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"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T007",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
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{
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{
"db_id": "C3640076",
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{
"db_id": "C3640076",
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82,... | Use of bacterial whole-genome sequencing to understand and improve the management of invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections Management of invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections is complex. Dramatic improvements in bacterial whole genome sequencing (WGS) offer new opportunities for personalising the treatment of S. aureus infections. Areas covered: We address recent achievements in S. aureus genomics, describe genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance and summarise studies that have defined molecular characteristics associated with risk and outcome of S. aureus invasive infections. Potential clinical use of WGS for resistance prediction, infection outcome stratification and management of persisten t / relapsing infections is critically discussed. Expert commentary: WGS is not only providing invaluable information to track the emergence and spread of important S. aureus clones, but also allows rapid determination of resistance genotypes in the clinical environment. An evolving opportunity is to infer clinically important outcomes and optimal therapeutic approaches from widely available S. aureus genome data, with the goal of individualizing management of invasive S. aureus infections. |
[
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"I-T017",
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"I-T038",
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... | [
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{
"db_id": "C1425650",
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{
"db_id": "C1425650",
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[
7... | Clinical heterogeneity of LRRK2 p.I2012T mutation Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, only few cases carrying LRRK2 mutations have been reported in Taiwanese PD patients. We used targeted next generation sequencing (NGS), covering 24 candidate genes involved in neurodegenerative disorders, to analyze 40 probands with familial PD, and 10 patients with mixed neurodegenerative disorders. Sanger sequencing of the identified mutation in the first set of the study was performed in additional 270 PD patients, including 139 familial PD and 131 early-onset PD (onset age less than 50 years old), and 300 age/gender matched control subjects. We found a missense variant, p.I2012T, in the LRRK2 gene in one sporadic patient having early-onset frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism and dystonia. Sanger sequencing this substitution in additional 270 PD patients in the second set of the study revealed two additional variant carriers: one having autosomal-dominant familial PD, and one with sporadic PD. The p.I2012T substitution was absent in 300 normal control subjects. Analyzing family members of the proband with p.I2012T revealed co-segregation of the variant and parkinsonism. Clinical presentations, levodopa responses, and (Tc99m)TRODAT - SPECT imaging findings of this index family were similar to idiopathic PD. Our results revealed clinical heterogeneity of the LRRK2 p.I2012T substitution, and demonstrated the use of targeted NGS for genetic diagnosis in multiplex families with PD or mixed neurodegenerative disorders. |
[
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
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{
"db_id": "C0011923",
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{
"db_id": "C0011923",
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{
"db_id": "C0026024",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0026024",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Quantitative",
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... | [
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... | Quantitative phase imaging by single-shot Hilbert-Huang phase microscopy We propose a novel single-shot Hilbert-Huang transform-based algorithm applied to digital holographic microscopy (DHM) for robust, fast, and accurate single-shot quantitative phase imaging in on-axis and off-axis configurations. Fringe pattern with possible defects and closed fringes are adaptively filtered and accurately phase demodulated using local fringe direction estimation. Experimental validation of the proposed techniques is presented as the DHM study of microbeads and red blood cells phase samples. Obtained results compare very favorably with the Fourier approach (off-axis) and temporal phase shifting (on-axis). |
[
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T031",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T031",
"I-T031",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T05... | [
{
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{
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{
"db_id": null,
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"db_id... | [
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"metabolites",
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51,
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82,
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... | Simultaneous determination of eight metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in urine A simultaneous method for quantifying eight metabolites of organophosphate pesticides and pyrethroid pesticides in urine samples has been established. The analytes were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction coupled with WCX solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. Eight metabolites were chemically derivatized before analysis using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS). The separation was performed on a HP-5MS capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm) with temperature programming. The detection was performed under electro-spray ionization (ESI) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. An internal standard method was used. The extraction solvent, types of SPE cartridges and eluents were optimized by comparing the sample recoveries under different conditions. The results showed that the calibration curves of the five organophosphorus pesticides metabolites were linear in the range of 0.2-200 μg/L (r(2) ≥ 0.992) and that of the three pyrethroid pesticides metabolites were linear in the range of 0.025-250 μg/L (r(2) ≥ 0.991). The limits of detection (LODs, S/N ≥ 3) and the limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N ≥ 10) of the eight metabolites were 0.008-0.833 μg/L and 0.25-2.5 μg/L, respectively. The recoveries of the eight metabolites ranged from 54.08% to 82.49%. This efficient, stable, and cost-effective method is adequate to handle the large number of samples required for surveying the exposure level of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides in the general population. |
[
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
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"I-T033",
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"I-T038",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0428940",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0428940",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": "C0428940",
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{
"db_id": "C0428940",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": "C3537202",
"db_name": "U... | [
"Ventricular",
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"Repolarization",
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"in",
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40,
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44,
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56,
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[
71,
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[
80,
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[
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[
96,
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116,
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119,
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... | Ventricular Effective Refraction Period and Ventricular Repolarization Analysis in Experimental Tachycardiomyopathy in Swine Swine are recognized animal models of human cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known on the CHF -associated changes in the electrophysiological ventricular parameters of humans and animals. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the durations of ventricular effective refraction period (VERP), QT and QTc intervals of pigs with chronic tachycardia - induced tachycardiomyopathy (TIC). The study was comprised of 28 adult pigs (8 females and 20 males) of the Polish Large White breed. A one-chamber pacemaker was implanted in each of the 28 pigs. Electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and electrophysiological studies were carried out prior to the pacemaker implantation and at subsequent 4- week intervals. All electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and short electrophysiological study measurements in all swine were done under general anesthesia (propofol) after premedication with midazolam, medetomidine, and ketamine. No significant changes in the duration of QT interval and corrected QT interval (QTc) were observed during consecutive weeks of the experiment. The duration of the QTc interval of female pigs was shown to be significantly longer than that of the males throughout the whole study period. Beginning from the 12th week of rapid ventricular pacing, a significant increase in duration of VERP was observed in both male and female pigs. Males and females did not differ significantly in terms of VERP duration determined throughout the whole study period. Ventricular pacing, stimulation with 2 and 3 premature impulses at progressively shorter coupling intervals and an imposed rhythm of 130 bpm or 150 bpm induced transient ventricular tachycardia in one female pig and four male pigs. One episode of permanent ventricular tachycardia was observed. The number of induced arrhythmias increased proportionally to the severity of heart failure and duration of the experiment. However, relatively aggressive protocols of stimulation were required in order to induce arrhythmia in the studied pigs. |
[
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T007",
"O",
"O",
"B-T022",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B... | [
{
"db_id": "C2826293",
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},
{
"db_id": "C2826293",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0085498",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0085498",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Clinical",
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... | [
[
0,
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25,
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39,
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40,
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49,
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9... | Clinical Significance of Commensal Gram-Positive Rods Routinely Isolated from Patient Samples Commensal bacteria from the skin and mucosal surfaces are routinely isolated from patient samples and considered contaminants. The majority of these isolates are catalase - positive Gram-positive rods from multiple genera routinely classified as diphtheroids. These organisms can be seen upon Gram staining of clinical specimens or can be isolated as the predominant or pure species in culture, raising a priori suspicion of a possible involvement in infection. With the development and adoption of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), suspicious isolates are now routinely identified to the species level. In this study, we performed a retrospective data review (2012 to 2015) and utilized site-specific laboratory criteria and chart reviews to identify species within the diphtheroid classification representative of true infection versus contamination. Our data set included 762 isolates from 13 genera constituting 41 bacterial species. Only 18% represented true infection, and 82% were deemed contaminants. Clinically significant isolates were identified in anaerobic wounds (18%), aerobic wounds (30%), blood (5.5%), urine (22%), cerebrospinal fluid (24%), ophthalmologic cultures (8%), and sterile sites (20%). Organisms deemed clinically significant included multiple Actinomyces species in wounds, Propionibacterium species in joints and cerebrospinal fluid associated with central nervous system hardware, Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (100%) in breast, and Corynebacterium striatum in multiple sites. Novel findings include clinically significant urinary tract infections by Actinomyces neuii (21%) and Corynebacterium aurimucosum (21%). Taken together, these findings indicate that species - level identification of diphtheroids isolated with a priori suspicion of infection is essential to accurately determine whether an isolate belongs to a species associated with specific types of infection. |
[
"O",
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"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
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"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0022683",
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{
"db_id": "C0022683",
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{
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{
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"db_id... | [
"Timing",
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8... | Timing Diatomaceous Earth -Filled Dustbox Use for Management of Northern Fowl Mites (Acari: Macronyssidae) in Cage -Free Poultry Systems Northern fowl mite management on conventionally caged birds relies on synthetic pesticide sprays to wet the vent. Cage -free chickens cannot be effectively treated this way, and pesticide use is restricted in organic production. Dustbathing behavior is encouraged in newer production systems for increased hen welfare. Diatomaceous earth (DE) is an approved organic insecticide that can be mixed with sand in dustboxes, suppressing mites but not excluding them, and potentially allowing development of mite immunity. We tested two hypotheses: 1) that DE -filled dustboxes placed before northern fowl mite introduction (prophylactic use) prevents mite populations from reaching economically damaging thresholds, and 2) that bird exposure to low mite numbers allows for protective hen immunity to develop and suppress mites after dustboxes are removed. We also tested if different beak trimming techniques (a commercial practice) affect mite growth. Mites were introduced to birds after dustboxes were made available. Average mite densities in flocks remained below damaging levels while dustboxes were available. Average mite populations rebounded after dustbox removal (even though DE persisted in the environment) regardless of the timing of removal. Mite densities on birds where a traditional hot-blade beak trimming technique was used (trial 1) were high. Mite densities in trial 2, where a newer precision infra-red trimming was used, were lower. The newer infra-red trimming method resulted in nearly intact beaks, which were better for mite control by bird grooming behaviors. The combination of early dustbox use and infra-red beak trimming should allow producers to avoid most mite damage in cage -free flocks. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O... | [
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{
"db_id": "C0035150",
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{
"db_id": null,... | [
"Socio",
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... | [
[
0,
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26,
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39,
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45,
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[
52,
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65,
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70,
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75,... | Socio-Economic Status and Reproduction among Adults Born with an Oral Cleft: A Population -Based Cohort Study in Norway It has been reported that people born with orofacial clefts do worse in life than their peers regarding a range of social markers, such as academic achievement and reproduction. We have compared otherwise healthy individuals with and without clefts, to investigate if these differences are due to the cleft or other background factors. In a retrospective national cohort study, based on compulsory registers with data collected prospectively, we included everybody born in Norway between 1967 and 1992 (1490279 individuals, 2584 with clefts). This cohort was followed until the year 2010, when the youngest individuals were 18 years old. In order to ensure that the individuals were not affected by unknown syndromes or diseases, we excluded all individuals with any chronic medical condition, or who had other birth defects than clefts, hydroceles and dislocated hips. Individuals with oral clefts who were included in the study are said to have isolated clefts. Isolated cleft patients are similar to the general population regarding education, income and social class. Isolated cleft patients have lower fertility than the background population, but considering only married couples this difference in fertility disappeared. An oral cleft did not appear to affect future socioeconomic status or chances of becoming a parent for children born in Norway. An exception was males with cleft lip and palate, but differences were small. |
[
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
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"I-T038",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
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"O",
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"O",
"O",
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"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I... | [
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"db_id": "C2239246",
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{
"db_id": "C2239246",
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{
"db_id": "C2239246",
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},
{
"db_id": "C2239246",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C2239246",
"db_name": "U... | [
"Novel",
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17,
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37,
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44,
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46,
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48,
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[
60,
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69,
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72,
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7... | Novel High-grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma: A Morphologic Mimicker of Myxoid Leiomyosarcoma Endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) are often underpinned by recurrent chromosomal translocations resulting in the fusion of genes involved in epigenetic regulation. To date, only YWHAE-NUTM2 rearrangements are associated with distinctive high-grade morphology and aggressive clinical behavior. We identified 3 ESS morphologically mimicking myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus and sought to describe their unique histopathologic features and identify genetic alterations using next-generation sequencing. All cases displayed predominantly spindled cells associated with abundant myxoid stroma and brisk mitotic activity. Tumors involved the endometrium and demonstrated tongue-like myometrial infiltration. All 3 were associated with an aggressive clinical course, including multisite bony metastases in 1 patient, progressive peritoneal disease after chemotherapy in another, and metastases to the lung and skin in the last patient. All 3 ESS were found to harbor ZC3H7B - BCOR gene fusions by targeted sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization. On the basis of the review of these cases, we find that ESS with ZC3H7B - BCOR fusion constitutes a novel type of high-grade ESS and shares significant morphologic overlap with myxoid leiomyosarcoma. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T204",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0035171",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0035171",
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id... | [
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7... | A Rational Engineering Strategy for Designing Protein A-Binding Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) and streptococcal protein G (SpG) affinity chromatography are the gold standards for purifying monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in therapeutic applications. However, camelid VHH single-domain Abs (sdAbs or VHHs) are not bound by SpG and only sporadically bound by SpA. Currently, VHHs require affinity tag-based purification, which limits their therapeutic potential and adds considerable complexity and cost to their production. Here we describe a simple and rapid mutagenesis -based approach designed to confer SpA binding upon a priori non-SpA-binding VHHs. We show that SpA binding of VHHs is determined primarily by the same set of residues as in human mAbs, albeit with an unexpected degree of tolerance to substitutions at certain core and non-core positions and some limited dependence on at least one residue outside the SpA interface, and that SpA binding could be successfully introduced into five VHHs against three different targets with no adverse effects on expression yield or antigen binding. Next-generation sequencing of llama, alpaca and dromedary VHH repertoires suggested that species differences in SpA binding may result from frequency variation in specific deleterious polymorphisms, especially Ile57. Thus, the SpA binding phenotype of camelid VHHs can be easily modulated to take advantage of tag-less purification techniques, although the frequency with which this is required may depend on the source species. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T005",
"I-T005",
"I-T005",
"O",
"B-T005",
"I-T005",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T005",
"I-T005",
"I-T005",
"O",
"B-T005",
"O",
"O",
"B-T005",
"I-T005",
"O",
"B-T005",... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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{
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{
"db_id": null,
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"db_id": "C1261478",
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{
"db_id": "C1261478",
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"db_id... | [
"Clinical",
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29,
34
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35,
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43,
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1... | Clinical characteristics and viral load of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in children hospitaled for acute lower respiratory tract infection Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) are two common viral pathogens in acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI). However, the association of viral load with clinical characteristics is not well-defined in ALRTI. To explore the correlation between viral load and clinical characteristics of RSV and HMPV in children hospitalized for ALRTI in Lanzhou, China. Three hundred and eighty-seven children hospitalized for ALRTI were enrolled. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were sampled from each children. Real-time PCR was used to screen RSV, HMPV, and twelve additional respiratory viruses. Bronchiolitis was the leading diagnoses both in RSV and HMPV positive patients. A significantly greater frequency of wheezing (52% vs. 33.52%, P = 0.000) was noted in RSV positive and negative patients. The RSV viral load was significant higher in children aged <1 year (P = 0.003), children without fever and wheezing (P = 0.015 and P = 0.000), days of illness <14 days (P = 0.002), children with bronchiolitis (P = 0.012) and children with RSV single infections (P = 0.000). No difference was found in the clinical features of HMPV positive and negative patients. The HMPV viral load had no correlation with any clinical characteristics. The incidences of severe disease were similar between single infection and coinfection for the two viruses (RSV, P = 0.221; HMPV, P = 0.764) and there has no statistical significance between severity and viral load (P = 0.166 and P = 0.721). Bronchiolitis is the most common disease caused by RSV and HMPV. High viral load or co-infection may be associated with some symptoms but neither has a significant impact on disease severity for the two viruses. J. Med. Virol. 89:589-597, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
[
"B-T058",
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"I-T058",
"B-T037",
"I-T037",
"I-T037",
"I-T037",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
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"O",... | [
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"db_id": "C0856356",
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"db_id": "C0856356",
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... | Rehabilitation After Hamstring-Strain Injury Emphasizing Eccentric Strengthening at Long Muscle Lengths: Results of Long-Term Follow-Up Hamstring-strain injuries have a high recurrence rate. To determine if a protocol emphasizing eccentric strength training with the hamstrings in a lengthened position resulted in a low recurrence rate. Longitudinal cohort study. Sports-medicine physical therapy clinic. Fifty athletes with hamstring-strain injury (age 36 ± 16 y; 30 men, 20 women; 3 G1, 43 G2, 4 G3; 25 recurrent injuries) followed a 3-phase rehabilitation protocol emphasizing eccentric strengthening with the hamstrings in a lengthened position. Injury recurrence; isometric hamstring strength at 80°, 60°, 40°, and 20° knee flexion in sitting with the thigh flexed to 40° above the horizontal and the seat back at 90° to the horizontal (strength tested before return to sport). Four of the 50 athletes sustained reinjuries between 3 and 12 mo after return to sport (8% recurrence rate). The other 42 athletes had not sustained a reinjury at an average of 24 ± 12 mo after return to sport. Eight noncompliant athletes did not complete the rehabilitation and returned to sport before initiating eccentric strengthening in the lengthened state. All 4 reinjuries occurred in these noncompliant athletes. At time of return to sport, compliant athletes had full restoration of strength while noncompliant athletes had significant hamstring weakness, which was progressively worse at longer muscle lengths (compliance × side × angle P = .006; involved vs noninvolved at 20°, compliant 7% stronger, noncompliant 43% weaker). Compliance with rehabilitation emphasizing eccentric strengthening with the hamstrings in a lengthened position resulted in no reinjuries. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T0... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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{
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": "C0850292",
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"db_id": "C085... | [
"Short",
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... | [
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0,
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64,... | Short-Term Influence of Radiofrequency Ablation on NT-proBNP, MR-proANP, Copeptin, and MR-proADM in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Data From the Observational SMURF Study There is limited knowledge on the short-term influence of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) on 2 cardiac biomarkers; the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and the midregional fragment of the N-terminal of pro-ANP (MR-proANP) and 2 extracardiac biomarkers; the c-terminal provasopressin (copeptin) and the midregional portion of proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM). There are also limited data concerning cardiac production of the latter two. We studied 192 consecutive patients eligible for RFA of AF referred to the University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. NT-proBNP, MR-proANP, copeptin, and MR-proADM levels were measured in peripheral blood, the coronary sinus (CS), and the left atrium before ablation, and in peripheral blood immediately and the day after RFA. The level of NT-proBNP decreased the day after RFA in participants in AF at the time of RFA, compared to the participants in sinus rhythm who showed a slight increase (P<0.001). Furthermore, regardless of the actual rhythm, the level of MR-proANP showed an increase immediately after RFA (P<0.001), followed by a decrease the day after ablation (P<0.001). Copeptin level showed a 6-fold increase immediately after RFA compared to baseline (P<0.001), whereas MR-proADM level increased the day after RFA (P<0.001). Levels of copeptin and MR-proADM were not higher in the CS compared to peripheral blood. RFA of AF is a strong stimulus with a significant and direct impact on different neurohormonal systems. We found no sign of a cardiac release of MR-proADM or copeptin. URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT01553045. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
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{
"db_id": null,
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"db_id": null,
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"db_id": null,
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7... | Young Children See a Single Action and Infer a Social Norm Human social life depends heavily on social norms that prescribe and proscribe specific actions. Typically, young children learn social norms from adult instruction. In the work reported here, we showed that this is not the whole story: Three- year-old children are promiscuous normativists. In other words, they spontaneously inferred the presence of social norms even when an adult had done nothing to indicate such a norm in either language or behavior. And children of this age even went so far as to enforce these self-inferred norms when third parties "broke" them. These results suggest that children do not just passively acquire social norms from adult behavior and instruction; rather, they have a natural and proactive tendency to go from "is" to "ought." That is, children go from observed actions to prescribed actions and do not perceive them simply as guidelines for their own behavior but rather as objective normative rules applying to everyone equally. |
[
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0920317",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0920317",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": "C0920317",
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": "C0038454",
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}... | [
"Meta",
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95,... | Meta-Analysis of Perioperative Stroke and Mortality in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a rapidly evolving safe method with decreasing incidence of perioperative stroke. There is a void in literature concerning the impact of stroke after TAVI in predicting 30-day stroke - related mortality. The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether perioperative stroke increases risk of stroke - related mortality after TAVI. Online databases, using relevant keywords, and additional related records were searched to retrieve articles involving TAVI and stroke after TAVI. Data were extracted from the finalized studies and analyzed to generate a summary odds ratio (OR) of stroke - related mortality after TAVI. The stroke rate and stroke - related mortality rate in the total patient population were 3.07% (893 of 29,043) and 12.27% (252 of 2,053), respectively. The all-cause mortality rate was 7.07% (2,053 of 29,043). Summary OR of stroke - related mortality after TAVI was estimated to be 6.45 (95% confidence interval 3.90 to 10.66, p <0.0001). Subgroup analyses were performed among age, approach, and valve type. Only 1 subgroup, transapical TAVI, was not significantly associated with stroke - related mortality (OR 1.97, 95% confidence interval, 0.43 to 7.43, p = 0.42). A metaregression was conducted among females, New York Heart Association class III/IV status, previous stroke, valve type, and implantation route. All failed to exhibit any significant associations with the OR. In conclusion, perioperative strokes after TAVI are associated with >6 times greater risk of 30-day stroke - related mortality. Transapical TAVI is not associated with increased stroke - related mortality in patients who suffer from perioperative stroke. Preventative measures need to be taken to alleviate the elevated rates of stroke after TAVI and subsequent direct mortality. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T074",
"I-T074",
"I-T074",
"O",
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"O",
"O",
"O",
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"B-T074",
"I-T074",
"I-T074",
"I-T074",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T092",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
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... | [
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66,
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70,
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81,
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9... | Residual contamination and bioburden after reprocessing of single-use endoscopic ultrasound needles: An ex vivo study Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) aspiration needles are single-use devices. However, in many centers, because of cost - constraints, these devices are reused multiple times. We studied microbiological contamination and bioburden on reprocessed needles to evaluate whether these devices can be successfully sterilized. We studied 10 EUS needles each of 19 G, 22 G, and 25 G in size, and five 22-G ProCore needles. After initial use, each needle was reprocessed by a standardized protocol. We used standard microbiological cultures, as well as ATP bioluminescence technique to quantify bioburden as relative light units (RLU). We defined significant soil contamination by RLU values >200. We also used extractant fluid to disrupt cell membranes in an attempt to enhance ATP detection. We found culture positivity in 3/34 (8.8%), and detectable bioburden on the exposed surface of 33/35 (94.3%), and inside lumen of 29 (82.9%) reprocessed FNA needles. Significant bioburden was found in three (8.6%) and two (5.7%) needles on the surface and lumen, respectively. We found that use of extractant fluid enhanced detection of bioburden. Larger (19 G) needles had higher surface contamination (P = 0.016), but there was no relation of luminal contamination with needle diameter (P = 0.138). Sheath design and presence of side bevel did not influence extent of contamination. There was significant correlation between the surface and intraluminal bioburden (P < 0.001). There is significant bioburden in reprocessed EUS needles; standard microbiological cultures have low sensitivity for detection of needle contamination. We have provided objective evidence for the futility of reprocessing attempts, and practice of EUS needle reuse should be discontinued. |
[
"O",
"O",
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"O",
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"O",
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"B-T038",
"O",
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"O",
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"B-T017",
"B-T038",
"O",
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... | [
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"db_id... | [
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[
... | Association between 8q24 (rs13281615 and rs6983267) polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis involving 117,355 subjects Published data on the association between 8q24 polymorphism and breast cancer (BC) risk are inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between 8q24 (rs13281615 and rs6983267) polymorphism and BC risk. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and the Cochrane Library up to August 13, 2015 for relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the strength of associations. Twenty-six studies published from 2008 to 2014, with a total of 52,683 cases and 64,672 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that there was significant association between 8q24 rs13281615 polymorphism and BC risk in any genetic model. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the effects remained in Asians and Caucasians. However, no genetic models reached statistical association in Africans. There was no association in any genetic model in rs6983267. This meta-analysis suggests that 8q24 rs13281615 polymorphism is a risk factor for susceptibility to BC in Asians, Caucasians and in overall population, While, there was no association in Africans. The rs6983267 polymorphism has no association with BC risk in any genetic model. Further large scale multicenter epidemiological studies are warranted to confirm this finding. |
[
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"I-T007",
"B-... | [
{
"db_id": "C0279516",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0279516",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0162969",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
... | [
"Antibacterial",
"and",
"Antibiofilm",
"Effect",
"of",
"Low",
"Viscosity",
"Chitosan",
"against",
"Staphylococcus",
"epidermidis",
"Aim",
".",
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"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"investigate",
"the",
"antibacterial",
"and",
"antibiofilm",
"properties"... | [
[
0,
13
],
[
14,
17
],
[
18,
29
],
[
30,
36
],
[
37,
39
],
[
40,
43
],
[
44,
53
],
[
54,
62
],
[
63,
70
],
[
71,
85
],
[
86,
97
],
[
98,
101
],
[
101,
102
],
[
... | Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Low Viscosity Chitosan against Staphylococcus epidermidis Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of low viscosity chitosan on S. epidermidis growth and biofilm formation. Methods and Results. The antibacterial and antibiofilm properties were investigated, during both planktonic growth and biofilm formation. This was performed using different concentrations in media and by coating on polystyrene surfaces. In addition, the bactericidal effect was investigated using a modified direct contact test. The results showed that low viscosity chitosan in media had both a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on planktonic growth and biofilm formation of S. epidermidis in a concentration dependent manner. Polystyrene discs coated with chitosan reduced both early biofilm formation (6 h) and late biofilm formation (18 h), as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The modified direct contact test showed a bactericidal effect. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that low viscosity chitosan has a bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against S. epidermidis and that the activity is dependent on the amount of chitosan added. In addition, low viscosity chitosan reduced biofilm formation both when added to media and when coated on polystyrene surfaces. Significance and Impact of Study. Low viscosity chitosan could be a contribution to new treatment approaches of biofilm -related infections of S. epidermidis. |
[
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T204",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062... | [
{
"db_id": "C3179404",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C3179404",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0016365",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0028040",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Anxiolytic",
"effects",
"of",
"fluoxetine",
"and",
"nicotine",
"exposure",
"on",
"exploratory",
"behavior",
"in",
"zebrafish",
"Zebrafish",
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"Danio",
"rerio",
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"have",
"emerged",
"as",
"a",
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"model",
"for",
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"the",
"pharmacology",
"... | [
[
0,
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],
[
11,
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],
[
19,
21
],
[
22,
32
],
[
33,
36
],
[
37,
45
],
[
46,
54
],
[
55,
57
],
[
58,
69
],
[
70,
78
],
[
79,
81
],
[
82,
91
],
[
92,
101
],
[
... | Anxiolytic effects of fluoxetine and nicotine exposure on exploratory behavior in zebrafish Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as a popular model for studying the pharmacology and behavior of anxiety. While there have been numerous studies documenting the anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects of common drugs in zebrafish, many do not report or test for behavioral differences between the sexes. Previous studies have indicated that males and females differ in their baseline level of anxiety. In this study, we test for a sex interaction with fluoxetine and nicotine. We exposed fish to system water (control), 10 mg/L fluoxetine, or 1 mg/L nicotine for three minutes prior to being subjected to four minutes in an open-field drop test. Video recordings were tracked using ProAnalyst. Fish from both drug treatments reduced swimming speed, increased vertical position, and increased use of the top half of the open field when compared with the control, though fluoxetine had a larger effect on depth related behaviors while nicotine mostly affected swimming speed. A significant sex effect was observed where females swam at a slower and more constant speed than males, however neither drug produced a sex - dependent response. |
[
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T091",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C2351044",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C2351044",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C2351044",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0034069",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0034069",
"db_name": "U... | [
"miR",
"-",
"34a",
"Inhibits",
"Lung",
"Fibrosis",
"by",
"Inducing",
"Lung",
"Fibroblast",
"Senescence",
"Cellular",
"senescence",
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"implicated",
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"diverse",
"pathologies",
".",
"However",
",",
"there",
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"conflicting",
"evidence",
"regardin... | [
[
0,
3
],
[
3,
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],
[
4,
7
],
[
8,
16
],
[
17,
21
],
[
22,
30
],
[
31,
33
],
[
34,
42
],
[
43,
47
],
[
48,
58
],
[
59,
69
],
[
70,
78
],
[
79,
89
],
[
90,
... | miR-34a Inhibits Lung Fibrosis by Inducing Lung Fibroblast Senescence Cellular senescence has been implicated in diverse pathologies. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the role of this process in tissue fibrosis. Although dysregulation of microRNAs is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis, it is unclear whether microRNAs function by regulating cellular senescence in the disease. In this study, we found that miR-34a demonstrated greater expression in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and in mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis, with its primary localization in lung fibroblasts. More importantly, miR-34a was up-regulated significantly in both human and mouse lung myofibroblasts. We found that mice with miR-34a ablation developed more severe pulmonary fibrosis than did wild-type animals after fibrotic lung injury. Mechanistically, we found that miR-34a induced a senescent phenotype in lung fibroblasts because this microRNA increased senescence -associated β-galactosidase activity, enhanced expression of senescence markers, and decreased cell proliferative capacities. Consistently, we found that primary lung fibroblasts from fibrotic lungs of miR-34a - deficient mice had a diminished senescent phenotype and enhanced resistance to apoptosis as compared with those from wild-type animals. We also identified multiple miR-34a targets that likely mediated its activities in inducing senescence in lung fibroblasts. In conclusion, our data suggest that miR-34a functions through a negative feedback mechanism to restrain fibrotic response in the lungs by promoting senescence of pulmonary fibroblasts. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T168",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C1705920",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C170... | [
"Contrasting",
"effects",
"of",
"intra",
"-",
"and",
"interspecific",
"identity",
"and",
"richness",
"of",
"ectomycorrhizal",
"fungi",
"on",
"host",
"plants",
",",
"nutrient",
"retention",
"and",
"multifunctionality",
"A",
"major",
"gap",
"in",
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"understandi... | [
[
0,
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],
[
12,
19
],
[
20,
22
],
[
23,
28
],
[
29,
30
],
[
31,
34
],
[
35,
48
],
[
49,
57
],
[
58,
61
],
[
62,
70
],
[
71,
73
],
[
74,
89
],
[
90,
95
],
[
... | Contrasting effects of intra - and interspecific identity and richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi on host plants, nutrient retention and multifunctionality A major gap in our understanding of biodiversity - ecosystem function relationships concerns the role of intra - and interspecific diversity of mycorrhizal fungi, which are critical for plant fitness, biogeochemical cycling and other processes. Here, we test the hypothesis that the identity and richness of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi at the intra- and interspecific levels affect ecosystem multifunctionality by regulating plant and fungal productivity, soil CO2 efflux and nutrient retention. Microcosms containing Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings colonized by different ECM fungal isolates, in monocultures and mixtures, enabled us to test for both intra- and interspecific identity and richness effects, and transgressive overyielding. Intra- and interspecific identity had modest but significant effects on plant and fungal productivity and nutrient retention, but no effect on CO2 efflux. Intraspecific richness increased plant root productivity and ECM root tips but decreased hyphal length, whereas interspecific richness had no effects. Interspecific mixtures outperformed the most productive monocultures in only 10% of the cases, compared with 42% for the intraspecific mixtures. Both intra - and interspecific identity and richness of ECM fungi regulate ecosystem multifunctionality, but their effects on the direction and magnitude of individual variables differ. Transgressive overyielding suggests that positive niche complementarity effects are driving some of the responses to intraspecific richness. |
[
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0035168",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0035168",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0035168",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0035168",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0087111",
"db_name": "U... | [
"Clinical",
"-",
"microbiological",
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"of",
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"therapy",
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"light",
"-",
"emetting",
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"of",
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"range",
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"630",
"nanometers",
")",
"on",
"microflora",
"of",
"the",
"hole",
"extracted",
"toothatalveolit... | [
[
0,
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],
[
8,
9
],
[
9,
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],
[
25,
33
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[
34,
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],
[
37,
43
],
[
44,
49
],
[
50,
57
],
[
58,
61
],
[
62,
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],
[
67,
68
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[
68,
76
],
[
77,
82
],
[
83,... | Clinical-microbiological research of action ozone therapy and light-emetting diode radiation of red range (630 nanometers) on microflora of the hole extracted toothatalveolitis and limited osteomyelitis of jaws As a result of cliniko-microbiological research the data testifying to substantial improvement of efficiency of antimicrobictherape at inclusion in a complex of medical actions at alveolitis and the limited osteomyelitis of a jow ozone therapy in a combination with a light-emettinf diode irradiation of the hole extracted teeth red (630 nanometers) are obtained by light. |
[
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"I-T082",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0376452",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0376452",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0314659",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0314659",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"DNA",
"methylation",
"detection",
"at",
"single",
"base",
"resolution",
"using",
"targeted",
"next",
"generation",
"bisulfite",
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"using",
"capillary",
"sequencing",
"With",
"a",
"purpose",
"of",
"accurate",
"and",
"simulta... | [
[
0,
3
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[
4,
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],
[
16,
25
],
[
26,
28
],
[
29,
35
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[
36,
40
],
[
41,
51
],
[
52,
57
],
[
58,
66
],
[
67,
71
],
[
72,
82
],
[
83,
92
],
[
93,
103
],
[
... | DNA methylation detection at single base resolution using targeted next generation bisulfite sequencing and cross validation using capillary sequencing With a purpose of accurate and simultaneous determination of DNA methylation from multiple loci in multiple samples, here, we are demonstrating a method to aid rapid DNA methylation detection of genomic sequences. Using genomic DNA of peripheral blood from 14 healthy individuals, DNA methylation in 465 CpG sites from 12 loci of genes (ADAM22, ATF2, BCR, CD83, CREBBP, IL12B, IL17RA, MAP2K2, RBM38, TGFBR2, TGFBR3, and WNT5A) was analysed by targeted next generation bisulfite sequencing. Analysed region for three genes, BCR, IL17RA and RBM38 showed an absolute mean DNA methylation of 25.6%, 89.2% and 38.9% respectively. Other nine gene loci were unmethylated and exhibited <10% absolute mean DNA methylation. Two genes, IL17RA and RBM38 were technically validated using direct capillary sequencing and results were comparable with positive correlation (P=0.0088 & P<0.0001 respectively) in the CpG sites for DNA methylation. All CpG sites analysed from RBM38 genes locus displayed 95% limits of agreement for DNA methylation measurements from the two methods. The present approach provides a fast and reliable DNA methylation quantitative data at single base resolution with good coverage of the CpG sites under analysis in multiple loci and samples simultaneously. Use of targeted next generation bisulfite sequencing may provide an opportunity to explore genes in the discovery panel for biomarker identification and facilitate functional validation. |
[
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",... | [
{
"db_id": "C0024432",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0018270",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0007589",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
... | [
"Macrophages",
"modulate",
"the",
"growth",
"and",
"differentiation",
"of",
"rhesus",
"monkey",
"embryonic",
"trophoblasts",
"Immune",
"cells",
"within",
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"endometrium",
"at",
"implantation",
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"... | [
[
0,
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[
12,
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[
21,
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[
25,
31
],
[
32,
35
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[
36,
51
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[
52,
54
],
[
55,
61
],
[
62,
68
],
[
69,
78
],
[
79,
91
],
[
92,
98
],
[
99,
104
],
[
... | Macrophages modulate the growth and differentiation of rhesus monkey embryonic trophoblasts Immune cells within the endometrium at implantation are thought to play an important role in implantation, although their exact role is not well understood. A co-culture system of rhesus monkey embryos and maternal immune cells was established. Blastocysts obtained by in vitro fertilization were co-cultured with peripheral blood cells or decidual macrophages. Culture media were collected to assess secretions. Embryo growth was monitored, and trophoblasts were evaluated for proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Embryonic trophoblast outgrowths were visible within 6 days of culture, and the area of embryo outgrowth was reduced when blastocysts were cultured with peripheral - derived or decidual macrophages. Trophoblast proliferation was not significantly affected with macrophage co-culture while chorionic gonadotropin secretion was increased. Trophoblast expression of CDH 11 and GJA1 was increased, suggesting that macrophages accelerate differentiation of peri-implantation trophoblasts. These results indicate an important role of macrophages in placentation and pregnancy success. |
[
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T1... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0996485",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C3178867",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0007603",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0007603",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
}... | [
"A",
"Characeae",
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"Membrane",
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"Interaction",
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"Like",
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"with",
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"Channels",
"of",
"Chara",
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"Cells... | [
[
0,
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[
2,
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[
12,
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[
18,
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25,
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34,
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[
37,
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[
39,
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45,
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[
8... | A Characeae Cells Plasma Membrane as a Model for Selection of Bioactive Compounds and Drugs: Interaction of HAMLET-Like Complexes with Ion Channels of Chara corallina Cells Plasmalemma Interaction of a HAMLET-like La-OA cytotoxic complex (human α-lactalbumin - oleic acid) and its constituents with the excitable plasmalemma of giant Chara corallina cells was investigated. The voltage-clamp technique was used to study Ca(2+) and Cl(-) transient currents in the plasmalemma of intact cells. The action of the complex and OA on the target cell membrane has a dose-dependent character. It was found that the La-OA complex has an inhibiting effect on Ca(2+) current across the plasmalemma, while α-lactalbumin alone does not affect the electrophysiological characteristics of the cellular membrane. However, oleic acid blocks Ca(2+) current across the plasmalemma. This is accompanied by the induction of a non-selective conductivity in the cellular membrane, a decrease in the resting potential and plasma membrane resistance of algal cells. We propose that the cytotoxicity of La-OA and other HAMLET-like complexes is determined by oleic acid acting as a blocker of potential -dependent Ca(2+) channels in the plasma membrane of target cells. The presented results show that the study model of green algae C. corallina cells plasmalemma is a convenient tool for the investigation of ion channels in many animal cells. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T037",
"I-T037",
"B-T201",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"B-T092",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T033",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T037",
"I-T037",
"O",
"B-T091",
"I-T091",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
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{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0876994",
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{
"db_id": "C0876994",
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{
"db_id": "C0005516",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
... | [
"Evaluation",
"of",
"Cardiac",
"Toxicity",
"Biomarkers",
"in",
"Rats",
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"Different",
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"and",
"prognostic",
"accuracy",
"of",
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"cardiac",
"toxicity",
"in",
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[
0,
10
],
[
11,
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],
[
14,
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],
[
22,
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],
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31,
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42,
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45,
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[
50,
54
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[
55,
64
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[
65,
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[
78,
83
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[
84,
86
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[
87,
88
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[
... | Evaluation of Cardiac Toxicity Biomarkers in Rats from Different Laboratories There is a great need for improved diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of potential cardiac toxicity in drug development. This study reports the evaluation of several commercially available biomarker kits by 3 institutions (SRI, Eli Lilly, and Pfizer) for the discrimination between myocardial degeneration / necrosis and cardiac hypertrophy as well as the assessment of the interlaboratory and interplatform variation in results. Serum concentrations of natriuretic peptides (N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide [NT-proANP] and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]), cardiac and skeletal troponins (cTnI, cTnT, and sTnI), myosin light chain 3 (Myl3), and fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) were assessed in rats treated with minoxidil (MNX) and isoproterenol (ISO). MNX caused increased heart -to- body weight ratios and prominent elevations in NT-proANP and NT-proBNP concentrations detected at 24-hr postdose without elevation in troponins, Myl3, or FABP3 and with no abnormal histopathological findings. ISO caused ventricular leukocyte infiltration, myocyte fibrosis, and necrosis with increased concentrations of the natriuretic peptides, cardiac troponins, and Myl3. These results reinforce the advantages of a multimarker strategy in elucidating the underlying cause of cardiac insult and detecting myocardial tissue damage at 24-hr posttreatment. The interlaboratory and interplatform comparison analyses also showed that the data obtained from different laboratories and platforms are highly correlated and reproducible, making these biomarkers widely applicable in preclinical studies. |
[
"B-T033",
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"O",
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"O",
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"I-T103",
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"I-T103",
"I-T103",
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... | [
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{
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{
"db_id... | [
"Antiproliferative",
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"... | [
[
0,
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22,
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32,
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40,
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43,
44
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[
45,
53
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[
54,
58
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[
58,
59
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[
59,
66
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[
66,
67
],
[
67,
71
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[
72,
78
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[
... | Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of a specific anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor single chain antibody on breast cancer cells Insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) is expressed on breast cancer cells and involves in metastasis, survival, and proliferation. Currently, application of IGF-IR -targeting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), alone or in combination with other drugs, is a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy. Single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibodies have been introduced as appropriate tools for tumor-targeting purposes because of their advantages over whole antibodies. In the present study, we employed a naïve phage library and isolated scFvs against a specific epitope from extracellular domain of IGF-IR by panning process. The selected scFvs were further characterized using polyclonal and monoclonal phage ELISA, soluble monoclonal ELISA, and colony PCR and sequencing. Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of selected scFv antibodies on breast cancer cell lines were also evaluated by MTT and Annexin V/PI assays. The results of ELISA indicated specific reactions of the isolated scFvs against the IGF-IR peptide, and analyses of PCR product and sequencing confirmed the presence of full length VH and Vκ inserts. Treatment of MCF7 and SKBR3 cells with anti-IGF-IR scFv led to a significant growth inhibition. The results also showed that scFv treatment significantly augmented trastuzumab growth inhibitory effects on SKBR3 cells. The percentage of the apoptotic MCF7 and SKBR3 cells after 24-h treatment with scFv was 39 and 30.70 %, respectively. Twenty-four-hour treatment with scFv in combination with trastuzumab resulted in 44.75 % apoptosis of SKBR3 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the targeting of IGF-IR by scFv can be an effective strategy in the treatment of breast cancer and provide further evidence for effectiveness of dual targeting of HER2 and IGF-IR in breast cancer therapy. |
[
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
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"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0030956",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0042196",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
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{
"db_id": "C0069676",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
... | [
"Peptide",
"-",
"based",
"vaccination",
"against",
"OPN",
"integrin",
"binding",
"sites",
"does",
"not",
"improve",
"cardio",
"-",
"metabolic",
"disease",
"in",
"mice",
"Obesity",
"causes",
"insulin",
"resistance",
"via",
"a",
"chronic",
"low",
"-",
"grade",
"... | [
[
0,
7
],
[
8,
9
],
[
9,
14
],
[
15,
26
],
[
27,
34
],
[
35,
38
],
[
39,
47
],
[
48,
55
],
[
56,
61
],
[
62,
66
],
[
67,
70
],
[
71,
78
],
[
79,
85
],
[
85,... | Peptide -based vaccination against OPN integrin binding sites does not improve cardio-metabolic disease in mice Obesity causes insulin resistance via a chronic low-grade inflammation. This inflammation is characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory markers and macrophage accumulation in the adipose tissue (AT). AT inflammation is a key factor causing insulin resistance and thus type 2 diabetes, both linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Osteopontin (OPN), a well-known inflammatory cytokine, is involved in obesity -linked complications including AT inflammation, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and CVD. During inflammation, OPN is proteolytically cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases or thrombin leading to increased OPN activity. Therefore, OPN provides a new interesting target for immunological prevention and treatment of obesity -associated diseases. The aim of our study was to evaluate peptide -based vaccines against integrin binding sites of OPN and to examine whether these active immunotherapies are functional in reducing metabolic tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis in a cardio-metabolic (Ldlr (-/-) mice) and a diet -induced obesity model (WT mice). However, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and AT inflammation were not diminished after treatment with OPN -derived peptides in murine models. Lack of efficacy was based on a failure to induce antibodies capable to bind epitopes in the context of functional OPN protein. In conclusion, our data point to unexpected challenges in the immunotherapeutic targeting of adhesive motives, such as RGD containing sequences, on endogenous proteins. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"B-T038",
"B-T038",
"B-T038",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
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{
"db_id": null,
"db... | [
"Pharmacogenetic",
"reactivation",
"of",
"the",
"original",
"engram",
"evokes",
"an",
"extinguished",
"fear",
"memory",
"Fear",
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"features",
",",
"such",
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"spontaneous",
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",",
"... | [
[
0,
15
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[
16,
28
],
[
29,
31
],
[
32,
35
],
[
36,
44
],
[
45,
51
],
[
52,
58
],
[
59,
61
],
[
62,
74
],
[
75,
79
],
[
80,
86
],
[
87,
91
],
[
92,
98
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[
... | Pharmacogenetic reactivation of the original engram evokes an extinguished fear memory Fear memory extinction has several characteristic behavioral features, such as spontaneous recovery, renewal, and reinstatement, suggesting that extinction training does not erase the original association between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US). However, it is unclear whether reactivation of the original physical record of memory (i.e., memory trace) is sufficient to produce conditioned fear response after extinction. Here, we performed pharmacogenetic neuronal activation using transgenic mice expressing hM3Dq DREADD (designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drug) under the control of the activity - dependent c-fos gene promoter. Neuronal ensembles activated during fear - conditioned learning were tagged with hM3Dq and subsequently reactivated after extinction training. The mice exhibited significant freezing, even when the fear memory was no longer triggered by external CS, indicating that the artificial reactivation of a specific neuronal ensemble was sufficient to evoke the extinguished fear response. This freezing was not observed in non-fear-conditioned mice expressing hM3dq in the same brain areas. These results directly demonstrated that at least part of the original fear memory trace remains after extinction, and such residual plasticity might reflect the persistent memory. |
[
"B-T033",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"B-T033",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0243095",
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{
"db_id": "C0240066",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0240066",
"db_name": "UMLS"
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{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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{
... | [
"Preweaning",
"iron",
"deficiency",
"increases",
"non",
"-",
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"responding",
"during",
"cocaine",
"self",
"-",
"administration",
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"rats",
"Iron",
"deficiency",
"(",
"ID",
")",
"is",
"the",
"most",
"prevalent",
"single",
"-",
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[
0,
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[
11,
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[
16,
26
],
[
27,
36
],
[
37,
40
],
[
40,
41
],
[
41,
51
],
[
52,
62
],
[
63,
69
],
[
70,
77
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[
78,
82
],
[
82,
83
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[
83,
97
],
[
... | Preweaning iron deficiency increases non-contingent responding during cocaine self-administration in rats Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent single-nutrient deficiency worldwide. There is evidence that ID early in development (preweaning in rat) causes irreversible neurologic, behavioral, and motor development deficits. Many of these effects have been attributed to damage to dopamine systems, including ID - induced changes in transporter and receptor numbers in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. These mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons are, in part, responsible for mediating reward and thus play a key role in addiction. However, there has been relatively little investigation into the behavioral effects of ID on drug addiction. In 2002, we found that rats made ID from weaning (postnatal day 21) and throughout the experiment acquired cocaine self-administration significantly more slowly than controls and failed to increase responding when the dose of the drug was decreased. In the present study, we assessed addiction for self-administered cocaine in rats with a history of preweaning ID only during postnatal days 4 through 21, and iron replete thereafter. The results showed that while ID did not affect the number of cocaine infusions or the overall addiction -like behavior score, ID rats scored higher on a measure of continued responding for drug than did iron replete controls. This increase in responding, however, was less goal-directed as ID rats also responded more quickly to the non-rewarded manipulandum than did control rats. Thus, while ID early in infancy did not significantly increase addiction -like behaviors for cocaine in this small study, the pattern of data suggests a possible underlying learning or performance impairment. Future studies will be needed to elucidate the exact neuro - behavioral deficits that lead to the increase in indiscriminate responding for drug in rats with a history of perinatal ID. |
[
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T007",
"I-T007",
"B-T038",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0039082",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0039082",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0039082",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0039082",
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},
{
"db_id": "C0039082",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0039082",
"db_n... | [
"Mild",
"encephalitis",
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"encephalopathy",
"with",
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"MERS",
")",
"associated",
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"Streptococcus",
"pneumoniae",
"Bacteraemia",
"Mild",
"encephalopathy",
"with",
"a",
"reversible",
"splenial",
"lesion",
"(",
"MERS",
"... | [
[
0,
4
],
[
5,
17
],
[
17,
18
],
[
18,
32
],
[
33,
37
],
[
38,
48
],
[
49,
57
],
[
58,
64
],
[
65,
66
],
[
66,
70
],
[
70,
71
],
[
72,
82
],
[
83,
87
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[
8... | Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS) associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae Bacteraemia Mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a clinico-radiological syndrome that can be related to infectious and non-infectious conditions. Patients present with mild neurological symptoms, and magnetic resonance imaging typically demonstrate a reversible lesion with transiently reduced diffusion in the splenium of the corpus callosum. Here, we describe MERS in a 10-year-old boy who presented with fever and consciousness and who completely recovered within a few days. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the causative agent. Although viruses (especially influenza A and B) are the most common pathogen of MERS, for proper management, bacteria should be considered, as they may also lead to this condition. |
[
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"I-T170",
"O",
"B-T170",
"I-T170",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": "C0151546",
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},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C2349952",
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},
{
"db_id": "C2349952",
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},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
... | [
"Oral",
"and",
"oropharyngeal",
"cancer",
"and",
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"of",
"sexual",
"behaviour",
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"a",
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"evaluated",
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"evidence",
"for",
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"of",
"sexual",
"behaviours"... | [
[
0,
4
],
[
5,
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],
[
9,
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],
[
23,
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],
[
30,
33
],
[
34,
37
],
[
38,
42
],
[
43,
45
],
[
46,
52
],
[
53,
62
],
[
62,
63
],
[
64,
65
],
[
66,
76
],
[
77,... | Oral and oropharyngeal cancer and the role of sexual behaviour: a systematic review This systematic review identified and evaluated the evidence for the role of sexual behaviours in the development of oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) and oral cavity cancers (OCCs). Following the PRISMA guidelines, we identified observational and interventional studies reporting associations between several different sexual behaviours and OPC or OCC. Study quality was assessed independently by two reviewers using a validated scoring system. From 513 papers identified, 21, reporting on 20 studies, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Two cohort studies were rated as moderate quality. The 18 case-control studies were rated as weak; nine comparing people with OPC or OCC to people without cancer, eight comparing HPV-positive to HPV-negative cancer patients and one comparing OPCs to other head and neck cancers. One study was a pooled analysis of seven of the included studies with some additional information. Twelve sexual behaviours were assessed and 69 associations reported. The studies differed in the comparisons made, the sexual behaviours assessed, and how these were reported and categorized, so no quantitative meta-analyses were appropriate. Most studies combined OPC and OCC. Several significantly increased risks were seen with a high number of lifetime sexual partners (nine studies) and with the practice of oral sex (five studies), although two studies found a significant negative association with OCC and ever performing oral sex. Two cohort studies of men and women in homosexual relationships found increases in oral cancer risk, and a cohort study of men married to women who had a history of cervical cancer also showed an increased risk of oral cancers. Results for other sexual behaviours were limited and inconsistent, and these included the following: younger age at first sexual intercourse, number of lifetime oral sex partners, the practice of oral - anal sex, the number of oral - anal sex partners, and ever performing anal sex. Only one study assessed casual sex, never or rare use of a condom and having a sexual partner with a history of genital warts, finding significant associations in the two former behaviours. The current evidence for sexual behaviours being risk factors for oral and oropharyngeal cancer is limited and inconsistent. Evidence suggests that the number of sexual partners and performing oral sex are associated with a greater risk. Furthermore men whose partners have had cervical cancer may have an increased risk. More studies looking at OPC specifically will be useful to determine whether these behaviours are subsite - selective. |
[
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017"... | [
{
"db_id": "C3850096",
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{
"db_id": "C3850096",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
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},
{
"db_id": "C0025519",
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},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C1154978",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Subcellular",
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"during",
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"Arabidopsis",
"thaliana",
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... | Subcellular reprogramming of metabolism during cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana Metabolite changes in plant leaves during exposure to low temperatures involve re-allocation of a large number of metabolites between sub-cellular compartments. Therefore, metabolite determination at the whole cell level may be insufficient for interpretation of the functional significance of cellular compounds. To investigate the cold - induced metabolite dynamics at the level of individual sub-cellular compartments, an integrative platform was developed that combines quantitative metabolite profiling by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with the non-aqueous fractionation technique allowing separation of cytosol, vacuole and the plastidial compartment. Two mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana representing antipodes in the diversion of carbohydrate metabolism between sucrose and starch were compared to Col-0 wildtype before and after cold acclimation to investigate interactions of cold acclimation with subcellular re-programming of metabolism. A multivariate analysis of the data set revealed dominant effects of compartmentation on metabolite concentrations that were modulated by environmental condition and genetic determinants. While for both, the starchless mutant of plastidial phospho-gluco mutase (pgm) and a mutant defective in sucrose-phosphate synthase A1, metabolic constraints, especially at low temperature, could be uncovered based on subcellularly resolved metabolite profiles, only pgm had lowered freezing tolerance. Metabolic profiles of pgm point to redox imbalance as a possible reason for reduced cold acclimation capacity. |
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... | Discovery of novel antagonists of human neurotensin receptor 1 on the basis of ligand and protein structure Neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR1) is a cell surface receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) A superfamily. NTR1 plays an important role in neuronal and non - neuronal systems. Using the previously identified crystal structure of rat NTR1 (rNTR1), we screened for potential candidates of human NTR1 (hNTR1) ligand. Approximately 10,000 compounds were selected using the docking score, followed by pharmacophore -based virtual screening and a two-dimensional (2D)-fingerprint structural similarity search. The identified molecules were tested by in vitro calcium flux assay. Four compounds showed micromolar level affinity, of which, one compound can inhibit hNTR1 / CHO cells ' proliferation by cell viability assays. To improve the affinity of these positive hit compounds, a homology model of hNTR1 was built on the basis of the crystal structure of rNTR1. The hit compounds will be further optimized on the basis of the structure of the hNTR1 receptor to be the targets for drugs directed against diseases associated with hNTR1. The results demonstrate that the method we used is valid, which will be treated as a useful tool to search for the agonists or antagonists of our interested target protein. Moreover, the compound we tested may provide a hopeful clue for treating the diseases related with hNTR1. |
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... | Glycosylation of inositol phosphorylceramide sphingolipids is required for normal growth and reproduction in Arabidopsis Sphingolipids are a major component of plant plasma membranes and endomembranes, and mediate a diverse range of biological processes. Study of the highly glycosylated glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramide (GIPC) sphingolipids has been slow as a result of challenges associated with the extractability of GIPCs, and their functions in the plant remain poorly characterized. We recently discovered an Arabidopsis GIPC glucuronosyltransferase, INOSITOL PHOSPHORYLCERAMIDE GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 (IPUT1), which is the first enzyme in the GIPC glycosylation pathway. Plants homozygous for the iput1 loss-of-function mutation were unobtainable, and so the developmental effects of reduced GIPC glucuronosylation could not be analyzed in planta. Using a pollen -specific rescue construct, we have here isolated homozygous iput1 mutants. The iput1 mutants show severe dwarfism, compromised pollen tube guidance, and constitutive activation of salicyclic acid -mediated defense pathways. The mutants also possess reduced GIPC s, increased ceramides, and an increased incorporation of short-chain fatty acids and dihydroxylated bases into inositol phosphorylceramides and GIPCs. The assignment of a direct role for GIPC glycan head groups in the impaired processes in iput1 mutants is complicated by the vast compensatory changes in the sphingolipidome; however, our results reveal that the glycosylation steps of GIPC biosynthesis are important regulated components of sphingolipid metabolism. This study corroborates previously suggested roles for GIPC glycans in plant growth and defense, suggests important roles for them in reproduction and demonstrates that the entire sphingolipidome is sensitive to their status. |
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6... | Major amyloid-β-degrading enzymes, endothelin-converting enzyme-2 and neprilysin, are expressed by distinct populations of GABAergic interneurons in hippocampus and neocortex Impaired clearance of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) has been postulated to significantly contribute to the amyloid accumulation typical of Alzheimer's disease. Among the enzymes known to degrade Aβ in vivo are endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE)-1, ECE-2, and neprilysin (NEP), and evidence suggests that they regulate independent pools of Aβ that may be functionally significant. To better understand the differential regulation of Aβ concentration by its physiological degrading enzymes, we characterized the cell and region-specific expression pattern of ECE-1, ECE-2, and NEP by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in brain areas relevant to Alzheimer's disease. In contrast to the broader distribution of ECE-1, ECE-2 and NEP were found enriched in GABAergic neurons. ECE-2 was majorly expressed by somatostatin - expressing interneurons and was active in isolated synaptosomes. NEP messenger RNA was found mainly in parvalbumin - expressing interneurons, with NEP protein localized to perisomatic parvalbuminergic synapses. The identification of somatostatinergic and parvalbuminergic synapses as hubs for Aβ degradation is consistent with the possibility that Aβ may have a physiological function related to the regulation of inhibitory signaling. |
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5... | Accuracy of FDG-PET/CT for Detection of Incidental Pre-Malignant and Malignant Colonic Lesions - Correlation with Colonoscopic and Histopathologic Findings We evaluated all PET/CTs acquired for patients without a primary diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and compared results for those who had subsequent colonoscopy within 6 months, to assess the accuracy of FDG PET/CT for detection of incidental pre-malignant polyps and malignant colon cancers. Medical records of 9,545 patients who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT studies over 3.5 years were retrospectively reviewed. Due to pre-existing diagnosis of colorectal cancer, 818 patients were excluded. Of the remainder, 157 patients had colonoscopy within 6 months (79 males; mean age 61). We divided the colon into 4 regions and compared PET/CT results for each region with colonoscopy and histopathologic findings. True positive lesions included colorectal cancer, villous adenoma, tubulovillous adenoma, tubular adenoma and serrated hyperplastic polyp / hyperplastic polyposis. Of 157 patients, 44 had incidental colonic uptake on PET/CT (28%). Of those, 25 had true positive (TP) uptake, yielding a 48% positive predictive value (PPV); 9% (4/44) were adenocarcinoma. There were 23 false positive (FP) lesions of which 4 were hyperplastic polyps, one was a juvenile polyp and 7 were explained by diverticulitis. Fifty eight patients had false negative PET scans but colonoscopy revealed true pre-malignant and malignant pathology, yielding 23% sensitivity. The specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were 96%, 90% and 87%, respectively. The average SUVmax values of TP, FP and FN lesions were 7.25, 6.11 and 2.76, respectively. There were no significant difference between SUVmax of TP lesions and FP lesions (p>0.95) but significantly higher than in FN lesions (p<0.001). The average size (by histopathology and colonoscopy) of TP lesion s was 18.1 mm, statistically different from that of FN lesions which was 5.9 mm (p<0.001). Fifty-one percent of FN lesion s were smaller than 5 mm (29/57) and 88% smaller than 10 mm (50/57). The high positive predictive value of incidental focal colonic FDG uptake of 48% for colonic neoplasia suggests that colonoscopy follow-up is warranted with this finding. We observed a low sensitivity of standardly acquired FDG-PET/CT for detecting small polyps, especially those less than 5 mm. Clinicians and radiologists should be aware of the high PPV of focal colonic uptake reflecting pre-malignant and malignant lesion s, and the need for appropriate follow up. |
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... | Influence of glioblastoma contact with the lateral ventricle on survival: a meta-analysis The ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ), which lies in the walls of the lateral ventricles (LV), is the largest neurogenic niche within the adult brain. Whether radiographic contact with the LV influences survival in glioblastoma (GBM) patients remains unclear. We assimilated and analyzed published data comparing survival in GBM patients with (LV + GBM) and without (LV - GBM) radiographic LV contact. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane electronic databases were searched. Fifteen studies with survival data on LV + GBM and LV - GBM patients were identified. Their Kaplan-Meier survival curves were digitized and pooled for generation of median overall (OS) and progression free (PFS) survivals and log-rank hazard ratios (HRs). The log-rank and reported multivariate HRs after accounting for the common predictors of GBM survival were analyzed separately by meta-analyses. The calculated median survivals (months) from pooled data were 12.95 and 16.58 (OS), and 4.54 and 6.25 (PFS) for LV + GBMs and LV - GBMs, respectively, with an overall log-rank HRs of 1.335 [1.204-1.513] (OS) and 1.387 [1.225-1.602] (PFS). Meta-analysis of log-rank HRs resulted in summary HRs of 1.58 [1.35-1.85] (OS, 10 studies) and 1.41 [1.22-1.64] (PFS, 5 studies). Meta-analysis of multivariate HRs resulted in summary HRs of 1.35 [1.14-1.58] (OS, 6 studies) and 1.64 [0.88-3.05] (PFS, 3 studies). Patients with GBM contacting the LV have lower survival. This effect may be independent of the common predictors of GBM survival, suggesting a clinical influence of V-SVZ contact on GBM biology. |
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... | Accelerated intestinal epithelial cell turnover after bowel resection in a rat is correlated with inhibited hedgehog signaling cascade The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of gastrointestinal tract development. Recent studies point to the role of hedgehog signaling in regulating adult stem cells involved in maintenance and regeneration of intestinal stem cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of Hh signaling during intestinal adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). Male rats were divided into two groups: Sham rats underwent bowel transection and SBS rats underwent a 75 % bowel resection. Parameters of intestinal adaptation, enterocyte proliferation, and apoptosis were determined 2 weeks after operation. Illumina's Digital Gene Expression analysis was used to determine the Hh signaling gene expression profiling. Hh-related genes and protein expression were determined using Real-Time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Massive small bowel resection resulted in a significant increase in enterocyte proliferation and concomitant increase in cell apoptosis. From the total number of 20,000 probes, 13 genes related to Hh signaling were investigated. In jejunum, eight genes were down-regulated, three genes up-regulated, and two genes remained unchanged. In ileum, five genes were down-regulated and six genes were unchanged in SBS vs sham animals. SBS rats also demonstrated a significant three- to fourfold decrease in SMO, GIL, and PTCH mRNA, and protein levels (determined by Real-Time PCR and Western blot) compared to control animals. Two weeks following massive bowel resection in rats, the accelerated cell turnover was accompanied by an inhibited Hh signaling pathway. Hh signaling may serve as an important mediator of reciprocal interactions between the epithelium and the underlying mesenchymal stroma during intestinal adaptation following massive bowel resection in a rat. |
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... | Maternal Immunization with Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine: Persistence of Maternal Antibodies in Infants To evaluate the level and the persistence of maternal antibodies in infants after maternal immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pn23V). Pregnant women were assigned to two groups, during routine low-risk pre-natal visits. The first Group (VAC) received the Pn23V vaccine shortly after enrolment at 28 weeks or later, and the second Group (NO _ VAC) received no vaccine. To investigate the antibody persistence, we collected blood samples from the mothers after 1 month of delivery and from the infants at 1 and 6 months of age. Antibody titers were measured for serotypes 1, 6B and 14. Geometric mean antibody concentrations of specific immunoglobulin G were significantly higher in the vaccinated group compared with unvaccinated controls for all three serotypes tested. Despite the antibody level's decline, at 6 months of age, proportions >0.35 μg/ml remained higher in the infants of vaccinated mothers than controls for all three serotypes. |
[
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"B-T062",
"I-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T092",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0206034",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C020... | [
"The",
"design",
"and",
"conduct",
"of",
"Keep",
"It",
"Off",
":",
"An",
"online",
"randomized",
"trial",
"of",
"financial",
"incentives",
"for",
"weight",
"-",
"loss",
"maintenance",
"Background",
"Obesity",
"continues",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"serious",
"public",
... | [
[
0,
3
],
[
4,
10
],
[
11,
14
],
[
15,
22
],
[
23,
25
],
[
26,
30
],
[
31,
33
],
[
34,
37
],
[
37,
38
],
[
39,
41
],
[
42,
48
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[
49,
59
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[
60,
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6... | The design and conduct of Keep It Off: An online randomized trial of financial incentives for weight-loss maintenance Background Obesity continues to be a serious public health challenge. Rates are increasing worldwide, with nearly 70% of the US adults overweight or obese, leading to increased clinical and economic burden. While successful approaches for achieving weight loss have been identified, techniques for long-term maintenance of initial weight loss have largely been unsuccessful. Financial incentive interventions have been shown in several settings to be successful in motivating participants to adopt healthy behaviors. Purpose Keep It Off is a three-arm randomized controlled trial that compares the efficacy of a lottery-based incentive, traditional direct payment incentive, and control of daily feedback without any incentive for weight-loss maintenance. This design allows comparison of a traditional direct payment incentive with one based on behavioral economic principles that consider the underlying psychology of decision-making. Methods Participants were randomized in a 2:1 ratio for each active arm relative to control, with a targeted 188 participants in total. Eligible participants were those aged 30-80 who lost at least 11 lb (5 kg) during the first 4 months of participation in Weight Watchers, a national weight-loss program, with whom we partnered. The interventions lasted 6 months (Phase I); participants were followed for an additional 6 months without intervention (Phase II). The primary outcome is weight change from baseline to the end of Phase I, with the change at the end of Phase II a key secondary endpoint. Keep It Off is a pragmatic trial that recruited, consented, enrolled, and followed patients electronically. Participants were provided a wireless weight scale that electronically transmitted daily self-monitored weights. Weights were verified every 3 months at a Weight Watchers center local to the participant and electronically transmitted. Results Using the study web-based platform, we integrated recruitment, enrollment, and follow-up procedures into a digital platform that required little staff effort to implement and manage. We randomized 191 participants in less than 1 year. We describe the design of Keep It Off and implementation of enrollment. Lessons Learned We demonstrated that our pragmatic design was successful in rapid accrual of participants in a trial of interventions to maintain weight loss. Limitations Despite the nationwide reach of Weight Watchers, the generalizability of study findings may be limited by the characteristics of its members. The interventions under study are appropriate for settings where an entity, such as an employer or health insurance company, could offer them as a benefit. Conclusions Keep It Off was implemented and conducted with minimal staff effort. This study has the potential to identify a practical and effective weight-loss maintenance strategy. |
[
"O",
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0936012",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,... | [
"Comprehensive",
"Analysis",
"Competence",
"and",
"Innovative",
"Approaches",
"for",
"Sustainable",
"Chemical",
"Production",
"Humanity",
"currently",
"sees",
"itself",
"facing",
"enormous",
"economic",
",",
"ecological",
",",
"and",
"social",
"challenges",
".",
"Sust... | [
[
0,
13
],
[
14,
22
],
[
23,
33
],
[
34,
37
],
[
38,
48
],
[
49,
59
],
[
60,
63
],
[
64,
75
],
[
76,
84
],
[
85,
95
],
[
96,
104
],
[
105,
114
],
[
115,
119
],
... | Comprehensive Analysis Competence and Innovative Approaches for Sustainable Chemical Production Humanity currently sees itself facing enormous economic, ecological, and social challenges. Sustainable products and production in specialty chemistry are an important strategic element to address these megatrends. In addition to that, digitalization and global connectivity will create new opportunities for the industry. One aspect is examined in this paper, which shows the development of comprehensive analysis of production networks for a more sustainable production in which the need for innovative solutions arises. Examples from data analysis, advanced process control and automated performance monitoring are shown. These efforts have significant impact on improved yields, reduced energy and water consumption, and better product performance in the application of the products. |
[
"B-T062",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T017... | [
{
"db_id": "C0035168",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,... | [
"Research",
"Advances",
"on",
"Structural",
"Characterization",
"of",
"Resistant",
"Starch",
"and",
"Its",
"Structure",
"-",
"Physiological",
"Function",
"Relationship",
":",
"A",
"Review",
"Resistant",
"starch",
"Resistant",
"starch",
"(",
"RS",
")",
"is",
"defin... | [
[
0,
8
],
[
9,
17
],
[
18,
20
],
[
21,
31
],
[
32,
48
],
[
49,
51
],
[
52,
61
],
[
62,
68
],
[
69,
72
],
[
73,
76
],
[
77,
86
],
[
87,
88
],
[
89,
102
],
[
... | Research Advances on Structural Characterization of Resistant Starch and Its Structure - Physiological Function Relationship: A Review Resistant starch (RS) is defined as the fraction of starch that escapes digestion in the small intestine due to either difficult enzyme / starch contact or to the strength of the crystalline regions formed both in native starch and in those retrograded starch. RS occurs naturally in some foods, and some may be generated in others as the results of several processing conditions. A variety of techniques have been employed to obtain structural characteristics of resistant starch such as their crystallinity, structural order, chain length distribution and conformation, helicity, and double helical structures. These structure plays an important role in determining the physiological properties of RS such as their prebiotic and hypoglycaemic properties. However, such topic on structural characterization of RS and their structure - physiological function relationship have not been reviewed in previous literatures. Therefore, this review focuses on the past and current achievements of research on structural characterizations of a range of resistant starch prepared from different sources of native starches as a result of a variety of processing conditions. The potential relationships between the structure and the physiological properties of RS which is of paramount importance for the furtherance understanding and application of RS are also reviewed in this study. |
[
"B-T033",
"I-T033",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T170",
"I-T170",
"O",
"O",
"B-T092",
"I-T092",
"I-T092",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0424574",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0424574",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id... | [
"Sleep",
"Duration",
"and",
"Quality",
":",
"Impact",
"on",
"Lifestyle",
"Behaviors",
"and",
"Cardiometabolic",
"Health",
":",
"A",
"Scientific",
"Statement",
"From",
"the",
"American",
"Heart",
"Association",
"Sleep",
"is",
"increasingly",
"recognized",
"as",
"an... | [
[
0,
5
],
[
6,
14
],
[
15,
18
],
[
19,
26
],
[
26,
27
],
[
28,
34
],
[
35,
37
],
[
38,
47
],
[
48,
57
],
[
58,
61
],
[
62,
77
],
[
78,
84
],
[
84,
85
],
[
8... | Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Sleep is increasingly recognized as an important lifestyle contributor to health. However, this has not always been the case, and an increasing number of Americans choose to curtail sleep in favor of other social, leisure, or work-related activities. This has resulted in a decline in average sleep duration over time. Sleep duration, mostly short sleep, and sleep disorders have emerged as being related to adverse cardiometabolic risk, including obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Here, we review the evidence relating sleep duration and sleep disorders to cardiometabolic risk and call for health organizations to include evidence-based sleep recommendations in their guidelines for optimal health. |
[
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T082",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"B-T038",
"B-T103",
"O",
"B-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O"... | [
{
"db_id": "C0006632",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0007994",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id... | [
"Cadmium",
"-",
"induced",
"oxidative",
"damages",
"in",
"the",
"human",
"BJAB",
"cells",
"correlate",
"with",
"changes",
"in",
"intracellular",
"trace",
"elements",
"levels",
"and",
"zinc",
"transporters",
"expression",
"Cadmium",
"(",
"Cd",
")",
",",
"a",
"p... | [
[
0,
7
],
[
8,
9
],
[
10,
17
],
[
18,
27
],
[
28,
35
],
[
36,
38
],
[
39,
42
],
[
43,
48
],
[
49,
53
],
[
54,
59
],
[
60,
69
],
[
70,
74
],
[
75,
82
],
[
83... | Cadmium - induced oxidative damages in the human BJAB cells correlate with changes in intracellular trace elements levels and zinc transporters expression Cadmium (Cd), a potent toxic heavy metal, is a widespread environmental contaminant. Its cellular traffic via pathways dedicated to transition metals contributes to the toxicity mechanisms. Zinc (Zn) homeostasis is complex, involving both zinc importers (Zip) and zinc exporters (ZnT). Cellular signal transduction pathways are influenced by Zn and redox status of the cell. The aim of the present study is to examine if the accumulation of Cd in the human lymphocyte B cell line BJAB and its capacity to promote oxidative stress and adverse effects could result from changes in the mRNA expression pattern of Zn transporters and metallothioneins. Cells were exposed to 5, 10, 20 and 40μM of CdCl2 equivalent to 0.91, 1.83, 3.66 and 7.33μg/ml respectively, for 24h. Cd significantly reduced the viability of BJAB cells and induced a dose-dependent increase in DNA damage. Cd also induced the formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts and augmented MTF1 expression in BJAB cells. We observed interesting responses in relative gene expression to Cd exposure among the seven transporters we analyzed. Cd exposure increased the expression of DMT1 and caused an up-regulation of ZnT1. However, the T calcium channel alpha1G subunit could not be detected. A change in expression of ZnTs and Zips in response to Cd exposure emphasizes the involvement of Zn transporters in Cd cellular metabolism and induced oxidative stress. |
[
"B-T091",
"I-T091",
"I-T091",
"O",
"B-T038",
"B-T103",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"I-T058",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"I-T058",
"B-T170",
"I-T170",
"I-T170",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T201",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T058",
"O",
"O... | [
{
"db_id": "C4042913",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C4042913",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C4042913",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0027651",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0035696",
"db_name": "U... | [
"Theranostic",
"Upconversion",
"Nanobeacons",
"for",
"Tumor",
"mRNA",
"Ratiometric",
"Fluorescence",
"Detection",
"and",
"Imaging",
"-",
"Monitored",
"Drug",
"Delivery",
"Remote",
"optical",
"detection",
"and",
"imaging",
"of",
"specific",
"tumor",
"-",
"related",
"... | [
[
0,
11
],
[
12,
24
],
[
25,
36
],
[
37,
40
],
[
41,
46
],
[
47,
51
],
[
52,
63
],
[
64,
76
],
[
77,
86
],
[
87,
90
],
[
91,
98
],
[
99,
100
],
[
101,
110
],
[
... | Theranostic Upconversion Nanobeacons for Tumor mRNA Ratiometric Fluorescence Detection and Imaging - Monitored Drug Delivery Remote optical detection and imaging of specific tumor -related biomarkers and simultaneous activation of therapy according to the expression level of the biomarkers in tumor site with theranostic probes should be an effective modality for treatment of cancers. Herein, an upconversion nanobeacon (UCNPs - MB / Dox) is proposed as a new theranostic nanoprobe to ratiometrically detect and visualize the thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) mRNA that can simultaneously trigger the Dox release to activate the chemotherapy accordingly. UCNPs - MB / Dox is constructed with the conjugation of a TK1 mRNA -specific molecular beacon (MB) bearing a quencher (BHQ-1) and an alkene handle modified upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) through click reaction and subsequently loading with a chemotherapy drug (Dox). With this nanobeacon, quantitative ratiometric upconversion detection of the target with high sensitivity and selectivity as well as the target triggered Dox release in vitro is demonstrated. The sensitive and selective ratiometric detection and imaging of TK1 mRNA under the irradiation of near infrared light (980 nm) and the mRNA -dependent release of Dox for chemotherapy in the tumor MCF-7 cells and A549 cells are also shown. This work provides a smart and robust platform for gene -related tumor theranostics. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T098",
"I-T098",
"B-T097",
"I-T097",
"I-T097",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"O",
"B-T038",
"I-T038",
"I-T038",
"O",
"B-T038",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T091",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T03... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C1553378",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1553378",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0586884",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C0586884",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Knowledge",
"of",
"Latin",
"American",
"Obstetricians",
"and",
"Gynecologists",
"regarding",
"Heavy",
"Menstrual",
"Bleeding",
"Background",
".",
"Heavy",
"menstrual",
"bleeding",
"(",
"HMB",
")",
"is",
"a",
"common",
"gynecological",
"complaint",
"affecting",
"qua... | [
[
0,
9
],
[
10,
12
],
[
13,
18
],
[
19,
27
],
[
28,
41
],
[
42,
45
],
[
46,
59
],
[
60,
69
],
[
70,
75
],
[
76,
85
],
[
86,
94
],
[
95,
105
],
[
105,
106
],
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... | Knowledge of Latin American Obstetricians and Gynecologists regarding Heavy Menstrual Bleeding Background. Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common gynecological complaint affecting quality of life. Objectives. To assess knowledge on diagnosis and treatments of HMB of Latin American (LA) obstetricians and gynecologists (OBGYNs). Methods. A survey was conducted during a scientific meeting, organized to provide updated information on topics of reproductive medicine to OBGYNs from 12 LA countries who were invited to respond to a multiple-choice questionnaire. Results. Of the 210 OBGYNs participating in the survey, from 169 (80.4%) to 203 (96.7%) answered the questions. Most respondents (80%) gave accurate answers regarding the amount of blood loss which defines HMB, underreported the proportion of women who consulted due to HMB, and were aware that the use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) with ethynyl estradiol is not an adequate treatment in women with HMB. Female OBGYNs and those who worked in the private sector were more prone to report a higher possibility of improvement of HMB with a COC that contained estradiol valerate and dienogest or with a levonorgestrel - releasing intrauterine system. Conclusions. In general, the respondents were aware of the importance of HMB in gynecological practice and of the new medical treatments and underreported the proportion of women who consulted due to HMB. |
[
"O",
"O",
"B-T017",
"B-T017",
"I-T017",
"I-T017",
"B-T038",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T103",
"I-T103",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"B-T204",
"I-T204",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
... | [
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": null,
"db_name": null
},
{
"db_id": "C0010031",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1707937",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1707937",
"db_name": "UMLS"
},
{
"db_id": "C1707937",
"db_name": "UMLS"
}... | [
"Optimization",
"of",
"Corneal",
"Epithelial",
"Progenitor",
"Cell",
"Growth",
"on",
"Bombyx",
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"Silk",
"Fibroin",
"Membranes",
"Scaffolds",
"prepared",
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"silk",
"fibroin",
"derived",
"from",
"cocoons",
"of",
"the",
"domesticated",
"silkworm",
"moth",
... | [
[
0,
12
],
[
13,
15
],
[
16,
23
],
[
24,
34
],
[
35,
45
],
[
46,
50
],
[
51,
57
],
[
58,
60
],
[
61,
67
],
[
68,
72
],
[
73,
77
],
[
78,
85
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[
86,
95
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[
... | Optimization of Corneal Epithelial Progenitor Cell Growth on Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin Membranes Scaffolds prepared from silk fibroin derived from cocoons of the domesticated silkworm moth Bombyx mori have demonstrated potential to support the attachment and growth of human limbal epithelial (HLE) cells in vitro. In this study, we attempted to further optimize protocols to promote the expansion of HLE cells on B. mori silk fibroin - (BMSF -) based scaffolds. BMSF films were initially coated with different extracellular matrix proteins and then analysed for their impact on corneal epithelial cell adhesion, cell morphology, and culture confluency. Results showed that collagen I, collagen III, and collagen IV consistently improved HCE-T cell adherence, promoted an elongated cell morphology, and increased culture confluency. By contrast, ECM coating had no significant effect on the performance of primary HLE cells cultured on BMSF films. In the second part of this study, primary HLE cells were grown on BMSF films in the presence of medium (SHEM) supplemented with keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and the Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632. The results demonstrated that SHEM medium supplemented with KGF and Y-27632 dramatically increased expression of corneal differentiation markers, keratin 3 and keratin 12, whereas expression of the progenitor marker, p63, did not appear to be significantly influenced by the choice of culture medium. |
[
"B-T103",
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"I-T017",
"O",
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"B-T103",
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"I-T103",
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"O"... | [
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"db_id": "C1383860",
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}... | [
"LncRNA",
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8... | LncRNA MIAT enhances cardiac hypertrophy partly through sponging miR-150 In this work, we aimed to study whether myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT) exerts a regulative effect on cardiac hypertrophy via acting as a miR-150 sponge. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced using Angiotensin II (Ang II). MIAT and miR-150 expression were quantified using qRT-PCR. Rat heart - derived H9c2 cells were used as the in vitro model. Cardiac hypertrophic features were assessed by quantifying cardiac hypertrophic genes and measurement of cell surface, protein synthesis and total protein content. MIAT is significantly increased in Ang II induced cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model and in H9c2 cells. MIAT siRNA substantially alleviated the Ang II induced upregulation of ANP, BNP and β-MHC in H9c2 cells and markedly attenuated the Ang II induced increase of the cell surface area and the protein synthesis. MIAT overexpression in H9c2 cells significantly reduced the miR-150 expression. MIAT inhibition also partly restored the miR-150 levels under Ang II treatment. MiR-150 overexpression could attenuate the Ang II induced upregulation of hypertrophic marker genes and suppress the Ang II induced hypertrophic phenotypes of the cells. MIAT is significantly increased in Ang II induced cardiac hypertrophy and contributes to the pathological development. MIAT can suppress miR-150 expression in cardiomyocytes and miR-150 is a downstream effector of MIAT in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. |
[
"O",
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... | Understanding the link between somatosensory temporal discrimination and movement execution in healthy subjects The somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold (STDT) is the shortest interval at which an individual recognizes paired stimuli as separate in time. We investigated whether and how voluntary movement modulates STDT in healthy subjects. In 17 healthy participants, we tested STDT during voluntary index-finger abductions at several time-points after movement onset and during motor preparation. We then tested whether voluntary movement - induced STDT changes were specific for the body segment moved, depended on movement kinematics, on the type of movement or on the intensity for delivering paired electrical stimuli for STDT To understand the mechanisms underlying STDT modulation, we also tested STDT during motor imagery and after delivering repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to elicit excitability changes in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). When tested on the moving hand at movement onset and up to 200 msec thereafter, STDT values increased from baseline, but during motor preparation remained unchanged. STDT values changed significantly during fast and slow index-finger movements and also, though less, during passive index-finger abductions, whereas during tonic index-finger abductions they remained unchanged. STDT also remained unchanged when tested in body parts other than those engaged in movement and during imagined movement. Nor did testing STDT at increased intensity influence movement - induced STDT changes. The cTBS - induced S1 cortical changes left movement -induced STDT changes unaffected. Our findings suggest that movement execution in healthy subjects may alter STDT processing. |
[
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... | [
"Bystander",
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... | Bystander fatigue and CPR quality by older bystanders: a randomized crossover trial comparing continuous chest compressions and 30:2 compressions to ventilations This study sought to measure bystander fatigue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality after five minutes of CPR using the continuous chest compression (CCC) versus the 30:2 chest compression to ventilation method in older lay persons, a population most likely to perform CPR on cardiac arrest victims. This randomized crossover trial took place at three tertiary care hospitals and a seniors' center. Participants were aged ≥55 years without significant physical limitations (frailty score ≤3/7). They completed two 5-minute CPR sessions (using 30:2 and CCC) on manikins; sessions were separated by a rest period. We used concealed block randomization to determine CPR method order. Metronome feedback maintained a compression rate of 100/minute. We measured heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and Borg Exertion Scale. CPR quality measures included total number of compressions and number of adequate compressions (depth ≥5 cm). Sixty-three participants were enrolled: mean age 70.8 years, female 66.7%, past CPR training 60.3%. Bystander fatigue was similar between CPR methods: mean difference in HR -0.59 (95% CI -3.51-2.33), MAP 1.64 (95% CI -0.23-3.50), and Borg 0.46 (95% CI 0.07-0.84). Compared to 30:2, participants using CCC performed more chest compressions (480.0 v. 376.3, mean difference 107.7; p<0.0001) and more adequate chest compressions (381.5 v. 324.9, mean difference. 62.0; p=0.0001), although good compressions/minute declined significantly faster with the CCC method (p=0.0002). CPR quality decreased significantly faster when performing CCC compared to 30:2. However, performing CCC produced more adequate compressions overall with a similar level of fatigue compared to the 30:2 method. |
[
"B-T017",
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8... | Striatal dopamine modulates timing of self-initiated saccades The ability to adjust movement timing is essential in daily life. Explorations of the underlying neural mechanisms have reported a gradual increase or decrease in neuronal activity prior to self-timed movements within the cortico - basal ganglia loop. Previous studies in both humans and animals have shown that endogenous dopamine (DA) plays a modulatory role in self-timing. However, the specific site of dopaminergic regulation remains elusive because the systemic application of DA - related substances can directly alter both cortical and subcortical neuronal activities. To investigate the role of striatal DA in self-timing, we locally injected DA receptor agonists or antagonists into the striatum of two female monkeys (Macaca fuscata) while they performed two versions of the memory-guided saccade (MS) task. In the conventional, triggered MS task, animals made a saccade to the location of a previously flashed visual cue in response to the fixation point offset. In the self-timed MS task, monkeys were rewarded for making a self-initiated saccade within a predetermined time interval following the cue. Infusion of a small amount of a D1 or D2 antagonist led to early saccades in the self-timed, but not the triggered MS tasks, while infusion of DA agonists produced no consistent effect. We also found that local administration of nicotinic but not muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonists and antagonists altered the timing of self-initiated saccades. Our data suggest that the timing of self-initiated movements may be regulated by the balance of signals in the direct and indirect basal ganglia pathways, as well as that between both hemispheres of the brain. |
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"... | [
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{
"db_id": "C2903579",
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"HELLP",
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7... | HELLP Syndrome The hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is frequently observed in mothers whose offspring have long-chain fatty acid oxidation defects. We previously found that fatty acid oxidation is compromised not only in these inborn errors of metabolism but also in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from all pregnancies complicated by the HELLP syndrome. Sirtuins are oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))dependent deacetylases linked to the metabolic status of the cell. SIRT 4 is known to have regulatory functions in fatty acid oxidation. The HELLP syndrome is often associated with short-term hypoxia. We studied sirtuins (SIRT 1, SIRT 3, and SIRT 4) in HUVECs from pregnancies complicated by the HELLP syndrome and uncomplicated pregnancies exposed to hypoxia (n = 7 controls, 7 HELLP; 0, 10, 60, or 120 minutes of 2% O2). Protein levels of SIRT 4 were significantly higher in HUVECs from HELLP compared to control after 60 and 120 minutes of hypoxia. The NAD(+) levels increased in a time - dependent manner. |
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"I-T170",
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... | [
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"db_id... | [
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... | Examining Cesarean Delivery Rates Using the Robson's Ten-group Classification To examine Cesarean delivery rates based on the Robson's Ten-group classification system (TGCS), over a 10- year period. All Vaginal Deliveries and cesarean sections (CSs) performed over a 10- year period from 2004 to 2013 were included in the analysis. The data were compiled according to Robson's TGCS of cesarean section for every year. Risk Ratios (crude RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals for delivery by cesarean section were calculated for each Robson's group. The TGCS was easily applied in this large dataset of 40,086 deliveries. The 10- year overall cesarean section rate (CSR) was 25.17 %. Groups 1 and 3 represented 60 % of the total obstetric population. The largest contributions to the total CSR are group 1 (37.62 %) and group 5 (17.06 %). Group 3 which was the second largest group contributed 15 % to the overall CSR. Group 2 and group 4 had high group CSRs of 47.28 and 34.74 % respectively, although the total group size was small (n = 1375;3.43 %). Maternal age and presentation were found to have an independent association with mode of delivery on logistic regression. The Ten-group classification helped to identify the main groups of subjects who contribute most to the overall CSR. It also helped to identify subgroups requiring closer monitoring for more in-depth analyses of the indications for caesarean section. It is important to focus on the first four TGCS groups which constitute about 75 % of all deliveries. It is in the low-risk groups that one is likely to find the highest and most inappropriate indications for cesarean sections. |
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... | Engineering anisotropic biphasic Janus-type polymer nanofiber scaffold networks via centrifugal jet spinning Biphasic materials, comprised of an ordered arrangement of two different material phases within a material, have the potential for a wide variety of applications including filtration, protective clothing and tissue engineering. This study reports for the first time, a process for engineering biphasic Janus-type polymeric nanofiber (BJPNF) networks via the centrifugal jet spinning technique. BJPNF alignment and fiber diameter was dependent on fabrication rotational speed as well as solution composition. The biphasic character of these BJPNFs, which was controlled via the rotational speed of fabrication, was confirmed at the individual nanofiber scale using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and at the bulk, macro-scale using attenuated total reflectance - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Biphasic character was also demonstrated at the functional level via differing affinities on either side of the BJPNF for cell attachment. Our work thus presents a method for fabricating BJPNF scaffold networks where there might be a need for different properties on either side of a material. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2016. |
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"INNOVATE",
"Trial",
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"Basal",
"insulin",
"titration",
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... | Randomized Trial of Long-Acting Insulin Glargine Titration Web Tool (LTHome) Versus Enhanced Usual Therapy of Glargine Titration (INNOVATE Trial) Basal insulin titration in the real world is often unsuccessful. LTHome, a web tool, applies a rules engine-based algorithm providing insulin titration advice directly to the patient. This pilot, randomized trial evaluates basal insulin glargine titration by LTHome compared to enhanced usual therapy ([EUT]- diabetes education program) over 12 weeks. Important inclusion criteria: 18-75 years, type 2 diabetes, computer literacy, and HbA1c >7.0%. Trial protocol was approved by ethics board. We randomized 139 subjects. The achievement of primary composite outcome (four out of seven fasting plasma glucose [FPG] within 5-7.2 mmol/L + mean for three consecutive FPG within 5-7.2 mmol/L + no severe hypoglycemia) was 15% in LTHome versus 41% in EUT (noninferiority not met, P-value = 0.92). Other outcomes were similar between the LTHome and EUT arms: alternate composite outcome achievement (last five FPG mean within the range of 5-7.2 mmol/L + no hypoglycemia, 47% and 51%, P = 0.73); A1c reduction (-1.0% and -1.1%, P = 0.66); proportion achieving A1c ≤7% (14% and 20%, P = 0.36); and hypoglycemia incidence (31% and 37%, P = 0.4), respectively. Patient satisfaction score improvements were greater in LTHome versus EUT (change in fear of hypoglycemia score P = 0.04 and change in diabetes distress score P = 0.04). The mean number of additional healthcare provider visits was 0.13 for LTHome and 1.22 for EUT (P < 0.01). INNOVATE trial suggests clinical utility of LTHome compared to EUT in real-life settings. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of automated insulin titration algorithms. |
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