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▁became ▁vic ero y ▁of ▁Arag on ▁in ▁ 1 5 5 3 ▁or ▁ 1 5 5 4 ▁– ▁ 1 5 6 4 , ▁Chair man ▁of ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁Italy ▁in ▁ 1 5 5 8 , ▁and ▁vic ero y ▁of ▁Catal onia . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁grand son ▁of ▁Card inal ▁M endo za ▁and ▁son ▁of ▁Diego ▁H urt ado ▁de ▁M endo za ▁y ▁Lem os ▁and ▁Ana ▁de ▁la ▁Cer da ▁y ▁Castro . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁M él ito , ▁Diego ▁H urt ado ▁de ▁M endo za , ▁con de ▁de ▁( in ▁Spanish ) ▁ ▁Category : 1 5 0 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 5 7 8 ▁death s ▁Category : N ob ility ▁from ▁Madrid ▁Category : D uk es ▁of ▁Spain ▁Category : Span ish ▁vic ero ys <0x0A> </s> ▁Jan vier ▁K any am ash uli ▁was ▁the ▁amb assador ▁of ▁R w anda ▁to ▁Bur und i ▁as ▁of ▁late ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁He ▁also ▁served ▁as ▁Executive ▁Secretary ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁T ender ▁Board . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Am b ass adors ▁of ▁R w anda ▁to ▁Bur und i ▁Category : R wand an ▁diplom ats ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : L iving ▁people <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Walter ▁E . ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁is ▁a ▁ ▁convention ▁center ▁located ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C ., ▁owned ▁and ▁operated ▁by |
▁the ▁city ' s ▁convention ▁arm , ▁Events ▁DC . ▁Design ed ▁in ▁a ▁joint ▁vent ure ▁by ▁the ▁Atlanta - based ▁architecture ▁firm ▁Thompson , ▁Vent ule tt , ▁St ain back ▁& ▁Associ ates , ▁Washington , ▁DC - ▁based ▁architect s ▁Dev rou ax ▁& ▁P urn ell ▁Arch itect s ▁Pl ann ers ▁PC ▁and ▁Mar iani ▁and ▁Associ ates , ▁the ▁convention ▁center ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁a ▁super block ▁bounded ▁by ▁Mount ▁Vern on ▁Square ▁and ▁ 7 th , ▁ 9 th ▁and ▁N ▁streets , ▁N . W . ▁It ▁is ▁served ▁by ▁the ▁Mount ▁Vern on ▁Square ▁station ▁on ▁the ▁Y ellow ▁and ▁Green ▁lines ▁of ▁the ▁Washington ▁Metro . ▁It ▁was ▁completed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁Major ▁events ▁Six ▁of ▁the ▁nine ▁official ▁inaug ural ▁balls ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁second ▁inaug uration ▁of ▁George ▁W . ▁Bush ▁were ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁convention ▁center . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁the ▁Council ▁of ▁the ▁District ▁of ▁Columbia ▁approved ▁legisl ation ▁naming ▁the ▁then - W ashington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁in ▁honor ▁of ▁the ▁city ' s ▁first ▁home ▁rule ▁mayor , ▁the ▁late ▁Walter ▁E . ▁Washington . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁the ▁W C SA ▁Board ▁of ▁Direct ors ▁agreed ▁to ▁expand ▁the ▁newly ▁built ▁convention ▁center ▁by ▁. ▁ ▁Six ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 0 ▁official ▁balls ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁President ial ▁In aug uration ▁of |
▁Bar ack ▁Ob ama ▁took ▁place ▁there , ▁including ▁the ▁first - ever ▁Ne igh bor hood ▁Ball . ▁ ▁The ▁center ▁was ▁the ▁principal ▁site ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁N uc lear ▁Security ▁Sum mit ▁hosted ▁by ▁President ▁Bar ack ▁Ob ama . ▁ ▁On ▁November ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁ground ▁was ▁broken ▁on ▁the ▁ 1 4 - story ▁Washington ▁Mar ri ott ▁Mar quis , ▁a ▁$ 5 2 0 ▁million , ▁four - star , ▁ 1 , 1 7 5 - room ▁" con vention ▁center ▁headquarters ▁hotel " ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁ ▁of ▁meeting ▁room ▁space . ▁Also ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁the ▁convention ▁center ▁hosted ▁a ▁major ▁fight ▁card ▁with ▁a ▁wel ter weight ▁championship ▁match ▁between ▁Lam ont ▁Pet erson ▁and ▁Am ir ▁Khan ▁at ▁the ▁Walter ▁E . ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁the ▁Walter ▁E . ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁would ▁be ▁the ▁ 5 ▁year ▁host ▁of ▁Ot ak on , ▁the ▁Japanese ▁and ▁East ▁Asian ▁culture ▁convention ▁that ▁was ▁held ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁in ▁the ▁Baltimore ▁Convention ▁Center ▁in ▁Baltimore , ▁Maryland , ▁starting ▁with ▁Ot ak on ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁and ▁going ▁at ▁least ▁until ▁Ot ak on ▁ 2 0 2 1 ▁which ▁was ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁" gre at ▁win " ▁for ▁Washington , ▁D . C .' s ▁convention |
▁business ▁with ▁an ▁estimated ▁$ 2 5 ▁million ▁annual ▁re venue ▁for ▁D . C . ▁and ▁over ▁ 3 0 , 0 0 0 ▁visitors ▁expected ▁during ▁the ▁time ▁Ot ak on ▁is ▁in ▁D . C . ▁ ▁The ▁pop ▁culture ▁convention ▁Aw esome ▁Con ▁deb uted ▁at ▁the ▁center ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁After ▁a ▁successful ▁debut ▁( and ▁some ▁growing ▁p ains ), ▁the ▁annual ▁event ▁has ▁grown ▁to ▁become ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁fan ▁convent ions ▁on ▁the ▁East ▁Coast ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁event ▁drew ▁about ▁ 7 , 0 0 0 ▁at ten de es . ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁event ▁hosted ▁ 7 0 , 0 0 0 ▁at ten de es . ▁C ele br ity ▁guests ▁have ▁included ▁David ▁T enn ant , ▁John ▁Boy ega , ▁Stan ▁Lee , ▁Alex ▁King ston , ▁William ▁Sh at ner , ▁George ▁Take i ▁and ▁many ▁others . ▁ ▁Since ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁the ▁National ▁Book ▁Festival ▁has ▁been ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁center . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Ot ak on ▁revealed ▁at ▁their ▁Road ▁to ▁D . C . ▁panel ▁part ▁of ▁Ot ak on ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁that ▁the ▁Walter ▁E . ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁will ▁actually ▁be ▁the ▁ 8 ▁year ▁host ▁of ▁Ot ak on , ▁starting ▁with ▁Ot ak on ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁and ▁going ▁through ▁at ▁least |
▁until ▁Ot ak on ▁ 2 0 2 4 . ▁ ▁The ▁Frederick ▁Classic ▁on ▁the ▁Hill ▁women ' s ▁g ymn ast ics ▁tournament ▁is ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁convention ▁center . ▁ ▁The ▁old ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁ ▁The ▁previous ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁was ▁located ▁one ▁block ▁south west ▁at ▁ 9 0 9 ▁H ▁Street ▁N W , ▁occup ying ▁the ▁city ▁block ▁bounded ▁by ▁New ▁York ▁Avenue , ▁ 9 th ▁Street , ▁H ▁Street ▁and ▁ 1 1 th ▁Street . ▁Const ruction ▁on ▁the ▁center ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 , ▁and ▁it ▁opened ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁At ▁, ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁fourth ▁largest ▁facility ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁at ▁the ▁time . ▁However , ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 0 s , ▁numerous ▁larger ▁and ▁more ▁modern ▁facilities ▁were ▁constructed ▁around ▁the ▁country , ▁and ▁by ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁the ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center ▁was ▁only ▁the ▁ 3 0 th ▁largest ▁facility . ▁ ▁After ▁being ▁replaced ▁by ▁the ▁new ▁Walter ▁E . ▁Washington ▁Convention ▁Center , ▁the ▁old ▁convention ▁center ▁was ▁impl oded ▁at ▁approximately ▁ 7 : 3 0 a . m . ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁L ing ua ▁( sc ulpt ure ) ▁List ▁of ▁convention ▁cent ers ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Wik i |
Map ia ▁site : ▁trans ient / sch edule / venue ▁comments ▁ ▁Category : Con vention ▁cent ers ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁Category : Box ing ▁ven ues ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁Category : G ymn ast ics ▁ven ues ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁Category : Land marks ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁Category : Multi - pur pose ▁stad iums ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Com mer cial ▁buildings ▁completed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁Category : Event ▁ven ues ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁Category : 2 0 0 3 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁Category : Sh aw ▁( W ashington , ▁D . C .) <0x0A> </s> ▁Michael ▁Roy ▁Wood ▁( born ▁ 3 ▁March ▁ 1 9 4 6 ) ▁is ▁a ▁British ▁Labour ▁politician ▁who ▁was ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁for ▁Bat ley ▁and ▁Sp en ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁left - wing ▁Social ist ▁Camp aign ▁Group . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁He ▁is ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁Row land ▁Wood , ▁a ▁found ry ▁worker , ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Laura . ▁He ▁has ▁two ▁sib lings . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁N ant wich ▁and ▁Act on ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁in ▁N ant wich , ▁and ▁Sal is bury ▁and ▁Well s ▁The ological ▁College ▁in ▁Sal is bury , ▁W ilt |
shire , ▁where ▁he ▁gained ▁a ▁Cert ificate ▁in ▁The ology ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁From ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Le eds ▁he ▁gained ▁a ▁C Q SW ▁( Cert ificate ▁of ▁Qual ification ▁in ▁Social ▁Work ) ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁From ▁Le eds ▁Poly techn ic ▁he ▁gained ▁a ▁B A ▁in ▁History ▁and ▁Polit ics ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁prob ation ▁officer ▁and ▁social ▁worker ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁before ▁becoming ▁an ▁MP . ▁ ▁Political ▁life ▁From ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁he ▁represented ▁his ▁then ▁h omet own ▁Cle ck he aton ▁as ▁a ▁coun c ill or ▁– ▁during ▁that ▁time ▁he ▁was ▁chairman ▁of ▁the ▁housing ▁committee ▁and ▁the ▁social ▁services ▁committee ▁and ▁was ▁deput y ▁leader ▁of ▁Kirk le es ▁Council . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁election , ▁he ▁cont ested ▁the ▁H ex ham ▁seat . ▁ ▁He ▁joined ▁the ▁Labour ▁Party ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 6 , ▁aged ▁ 2 0 . ▁ ▁His ▁political ▁interests ▁are ▁described ▁as : ▁" law ▁and ▁order , ▁animal ▁w elf are , ▁transport , ▁employ ment , ▁health ▁and ▁the ▁environment . ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Parliament ary ▁groups ▁on ▁hom eless ness , ▁transport , ▁Ind o - B rit ish ▁affairs , ▁A ID S , ▁animal ▁w elf are , |
▁MS , ▁ME , ▁disable ment , ▁human ▁rights , ▁K ash mir ▁and ▁alco hol ▁mis use ". ▁He ▁is ▁secretary ▁of ▁Parliament ' s ▁D rug ▁and ▁Al co hol ▁Tre at ment ▁and ▁Harm ▁Red u ction ▁group . ▁Mr ▁Wood ▁is ▁an ▁executive ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁All ▁Party ▁Pen al ▁Affairs ▁Group , ▁a ▁patron ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Association ▁of ▁British ▁Market ▁Author ities , ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Camp aign ▁for ▁State ▁Education ▁and ▁the ▁Working ▁Class ▁Mov ement ▁Library ▁and ▁a ▁friend ▁of ▁Bir zeit ▁University ▁in ▁Palest ine . ▁ ▁On ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁Wood ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁ 1 2 ▁Labour ▁MP s ▁to ▁back ▁Pla id ▁C ym ru ▁and ▁the ▁Scottish ▁National ▁Party ' s ▁call ▁for ▁an ▁inqu iry ▁into ▁the ▁Ira q ▁War . ▁ ▁In ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁he ▁became ▁parliament ary ▁manager ▁for ▁John ▁Mc D onn ell ' s ▁campaign ▁to ▁challenge ▁Gordon ▁Brown ▁for ▁the ▁leadership ▁of ▁the ▁Labour ▁Party ▁following ▁Tony ▁Bla ir ' s ▁res ignation . ▁ ▁He ▁stood ▁down ▁at ▁the ▁UK ▁general ▁election ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁He ▁married ▁Christ ine ▁O ' Le ary ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁He ▁has ▁two ▁step d augh ters , ▁and ▁a ▁son ▁and ▁daughter ▁from ▁a ▁previous ▁marriage . ▁ ▁He ▁lists ▁his ▁interests ▁as ▁reading , ▁music , ▁sport ▁( part icular ly ▁football |
), ▁orn ith ology ▁and ▁walking . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁founder ▁member ▁of ▁two ▁workers ' ▁co - oper atives . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Guardian ▁Un limited ▁Polit ics ▁– ▁Ask ▁Arist ot le : ▁Mike ▁Wood ▁MP ▁ ▁They Work For You . com ▁– ▁Mike ▁Wood ▁MP ▁ ▁The ▁Public ▁Wh ip ▁– ▁Mike ▁Wood ▁MP ▁voting ▁record ▁ ▁BBC ▁News ▁– ▁Mike ▁Wood ▁BBC ▁profile ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Lab our ▁Party ▁( UK ) ▁MP s ▁for ▁English ▁constitu encies ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 1 9 9 7 – 2 0 0 1 ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 2 0 0 1 – 2 0 0 5 ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 2 0 0 5 – 2 0 1 0 ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁Le eds ▁Beck ett ▁University ▁Category : C oun c ill ors ▁in ▁York shire ▁and ▁the ▁H umber ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁N ant wich ▁Category : D em ocr atic ▁social ists ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 2 0 1 0 – 2 0 1 5 ▁Category : C oun c ill ors ▁in ▁Kirk le es ▁Category : Lab our ▁Party ▁( UK ) ▁coun c ill ors <0x0A> </s> ▁Answer ▁tone ▁is ▁a ▁feature ▁of ▁wire line ▁mode ms . ▁ ▁The ▁answer ▁tone ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁signal ▁sent ▁by ▁the ▁answering ▁mode m ▁after ▁the |
▁b illing ▁delay . ▁In ▁its ▁most ▁basic ▁form , ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁single ▁continuous ▁tone ▁with ▁a ▁frequency ▁of ▁ 2 1 0 0 ▁H z ▁( or ▁ 2 2 2 5 ▁H z ▁for ▁Bell ▁modes ). ▁▁ ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁tone ▁heard ▁by ▁the ▁caller ▁after ▁d ial ing ▁the ▁number . ▁ ▁The ▁plain ▁ 2 1 0 0 ▁H z ▁tone ▁is ▁meant ▁to ▁disable ▁echo ▁suppress ors ▁on ▁international ▁tr unk ▁connections . ▁It ▁may ▁include ▁ 1 8 0 ° ▁phase ▁revers als ▁at ▁intervals ▁of ▁ 4 5 0 ▁ms ▁to ▁disable ▁network ▁echo ▁can cell ers . ▁It ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁amplitude ▁mod ulated ▁by ▁a ▁ 1 5 ▁H z ▁signal ▁to ▁indicate ▁IT U - T ▁V . 8 ▁cap ability . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Mode ms <0x0A> </s> ▁J ep ht é ▁( Je ph tha ) ▁is ▁an ▁opera ▁by ▁the ▁French ▁composer ▁Michel ▁P ign o let ▁de ▁Mont éc la ir . ▁It ▁takes ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁a ▁trag édie ▁en ▁musique ▁in ▁a ▁pro log ue ▁and ▁five ▁acts ▁( because ▁of ▁its ▁subject ▁matter ▁it ▁was ▁also ▁sty led ▁a ▁trag édie ▁bibli que ). ▁The ▁libre tto , ▁by ▁the ▁Abb é ▁Simon - Jose ph ▁P elle gr in , ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Bib lic al ▁story ▁of ▁Je ph tha . ▁The ▁or atorio ▁was ▁first ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁Ac adémie ▁royale ▁de ▁musique , ▁Paris ▁on ▁ 2 |
8 ▁February ▁ 1 7 3 2 . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁opera ▁in ▁France ▁using ▁a ▁story ▁from ▁the ▁Bible ▁to ▁appear ▁on ▁a ▁public ▁stage . ▁For ▁this ▁reason , ▁Card inal ▁de ▁No a illes ▁b anned ▁performances ▁of ▁the ▁work ▁for ▁a ▁time . ▁Mont éc la ir ▁made ▁revis ions ▁for ▁rev iv als ▁of ▁the ▁work ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 7 3 2 ▁and ▁April ▁ 1 7 3 7 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 7 3 5 , ▁the ▁sop rano ▁who ▁had ▁premier ed ▁I ph ise , ▁Catherine - N icole ▁L ema ure , ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁appear ▁in ▁that ▁year ' s ▁rev ival ▁via ▁thre ats ▁of ▁imprison ment ▁if ▁she ▁would ▁not ▁do ▁so ; ▁therefore , ▁she ▁intention ally ▁bom bed ▁the ▁performance ▁and ▁was ▁bo o ed ▁at ▁by ▁the ▁audience . ▁She ▁was ▁det ained ▁over night ▁at ▁For - l ' É v êque , ▁a ▁Paris ian ▁prison , ▁until ▁she ▁returned ▁the ▁next ▁night ▁to ▁sing ▁the ▁role ▁correctly . ▁ ▁R oles ▁ ▁Syn opsis ▁ ▁Pro log ue ▁La ▁Ver ité ▁( Tr uth ) ▁ch ases ▁away ▁the ▁false ▁pag an ▁gods , ▁Apol lo , ▁Ven us ▁and ▁Poly h ym nia . ▁ ▁Act ▁One ▁The ▁high ▁priest ▁Ph in ée ▁cho oses ▁J ep ht é ▁as ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Israel ites ▁as ▁they ▁prepare ▁to ▁attack ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁E ph ra im . ▁J ep ht |
é ▁v ows ▁to ▁God ▁to ▁sacrifice ▁the ▁first ▁person ▁he ▁sees ▁on ▁his ▁return ▁from ▁battle ▁if ▁he ▁is ▁vict orious . ▁ ▁Act ▁Two ▁The ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁E ph ra im ites , ▁Am mon , ▁is ▁a ▁capt ive ▁in ▁Je ph tha ' s ▁palace . ▁He ▁ref uses ▁the ▁ur ging ▁of ▁his ▁follow er , ▁Ab ner , ▁to ▁escape ▁because ▁he ▁has ▁fallen ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁Je ph tha ' s ▁daughter , ▁I ph ise . ▁I ph ise ▁gu il til y ▁conf esses ▁to ▁her ▁mother ▁that ▁she ▁is ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁Am mon ▁too . ▁News ▁arriv es ▁of ▁J ep ht é ' s ▁victory ▁in ▁battle . ▁ ▁Act ▁Three ▁J ep ht é ▁is ▁hor r ified ▁when ▁the ▁first ▁person ▁he ▁sees ▁as ▁he ▁arriv es ▁home ▁is ▁I ph ise . ▁He ▁tells ▁her ▁of ▁his ▁v ow ▁and ▁she ▁prepar es ▁herself ▁to ▁be ▁sacrific ed , ▁in ▁spite ▁of ▁Am mon ' s ▁entre aties . ▁ ▁Act ▁Four ▁I ph ise ▁l aments ▁her ▁fate ▁but ▁is ▁res igned ▁to ▁death . ▁Am mon ▁swe ars ▁he ▁will ▁lead ▁his ▁army ▁to ▁save ▁her ▁but ▁she ▁reject s ▁his ▁offer . ▁ ▁Act ▁Five ▁The ▁Israel ites ▁prepare ▁the ▁sacrifice ▁in ▁the ▁temple . ▁Am mon ▁and ▁his ▁men ▁burst ▁in ▁but ▁they ▁are ▁struck ▁by ▁a ▁b olt ▁of ▁fire ▁from ▁Heaven . ▁The ▁priest ▁Ph iné é ▁decl ares ▁God ▁is |
▁pleased ▁with ▁I ph ise ▁and ▁her ▁life ▁is ▁sp ared . ▁ ▁Record ings ▁J ep ht é ▁( first ▁version ) ▁Jacques ▁B ona , ▁Soph ie ▁Dan eman , ▁Nicolas ▁R iven q , ▁Cla ire ▁Bru a , ▁Mark ▁Pad more . ▁Les ▁Arts ▁Flor iss ants , ▁conducted ▁by ▁William ▁Christ ie ▁( H arm onia ▁M und i , ▁ 1 9 9 2 ) ▁ ▁S ources ▁The ▁Vik ing ▁Opera ▁Guide ▁ed . ▁Hold en ▁( V ik ing , ▁ 1 9 9 3 ) ▁Le ▁magazine ▁de ▁l ' op éra ▁bar o que ▁by ▁Jean - Cla ude ▁B ren ac ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : F rench - language ▁oper as ▁Category : T rag éd ies ▁en ▁musique ▁Category : 1 7 3 2 ▁oper as ▁Category : Oper as ▁by ▁Michel ▁P ign o let ▁de ▁Mont éc la ir ▁Category : Oper as ▁Category : Oper as ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Bible <0x0A> </s> ▁Sen ja ▁P us ula ▁( born ▁March ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 4 1 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁cross - country ▁sk ier ▁from ▁Finland ▁who ▁competed ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁and ▁early ▁ 1 9 7 0 s . ▁She ▁won ▁a ▁bronze ▁medal ▁in ▁the ▁ 3 ▁× ▁ 5 km ▁relay ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁in ▁In ns b ruck . ▁ ▁P us ula ▁also ▁won ▁a ▁bronze |
▁medal ▁in ▁the ▁ 3 ▁× ▁ 5 km ▁relay ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁F IS ▁Nord ic ▁World ▁Ski ▁Championships . ▁She ▁also ▁won ▁the ▁ 5 km ▁event ▁at ▁the ▁Hol men kol len ▁ski ▁festival ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁ ▁Cross - country ▁ski ing ▁results ▁All ▁results ▁are ▁s our ced ▁from ▁the ▁International ▁Ski ▁Federation ▁( F IS ). ▁ ▁Olympic ▁Games ▁ 1 ▁medal ▁– ▁( 1 ▁bronze ) ▁ ▁World ▁Championships ▁▁ 1 ▁medal ▁– ▁( 1 ▁bronze ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : C ross - country ▁ski ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : C ross - country ▁ski ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : C ross - country ▁ski ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : F inn ish ▁female ▁cross - country ▁ski ers ▁Category : Hol men kol len ▁Ski ▁Festival ▁w inners ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁medal ists ▁in ▁cross - country ▁ski ing ▁Category : F IS ▁Nord ic ▁World ▁Ski ▁Championships ▁medal ists ▁in ▁cross - country ▁ski ing ▁Category : Med al ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁bronze ▁medal ists ▁for ▁Finland <0x0A> </s> ▁Will s ▁Point ▁High ▁School ▁is ▁a ▁ 4 A ▁high ▁school |
▁located ▁in ▁Will s ▁Point , ▁Texas ▁( USA ). ▁It ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Will s ▁Point ▁Independent ▁School ▁District ▁located ▁in ▁north western ▁Van ▁Z and t ▁County . ▁Some ▁students ▁also ▁attend ▁from ▁Kauf man ▁County . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁the ▁school ▁was ▁r ated ▁" A cadem ically ▁Accept able " ▁by ▁the ▁Texas ▁Education ▁Agency . ▁ ▁Athletics ▁The ▁Will s ▁Point ▁Tig ers ▁comp ete ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁sports : ▁ ▁Cross ▁Country , ▁Vol ley ball , ▁Football , ▁Track , ▁Basketball , ▁Tennis , ▁So ft ball ▁& ▁Baseball ▁ ▁State ▁Tit les ▁Football ▁- ▁▁ 1 9 6 5 ( 1 A ) ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁Boys ▁Singles ▁Tennis ▁( J ud d ▁Sand erson ) ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁Girls ▁Dou bles ▁Tennis ▁( S ara ▁Sch re ff ler / K elly ▁Kay ) ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Boys ▁Dou bles ▁Tennis ▁( Ch ase ▁D ani ell / K ash ▁Adams ) ▁ ▁School ▁Band ▁The ▁school ▁band ▁has ▁placed ▁top ▁ 1 0 ▁in ▁the ▁UI L ▁State ▁March ing ▁Cont est ▁for ▁four ▁years ▁in ▁a ▁row ▁under ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁John ▁Young . ▁The ▁band ▁has ▁also ▁had ▁ 1 2 ▁consecutive ▁UI L ▁S we ep st akes ▁and ▁several ▁members ▁over ▁the ▁de cade ▁have ▁placed ▁in ▁the ▁All - State ▁Band . ▁ ▁Media ▁appearances ▁Will s ▁Point ▁High ▁School ▁has ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁reality ▁series |
, ▁The ▁Princi pal ' s ▁Office ▁on ▁tr u TV . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Will s ▁Point ▁I SD ▁Will s ▁Point ▁Band ▁ ▁Category : Sch ools ▁in ▁Van ▁Z and t ▁County , ▁Texas ▁Category : Public ▁high ▁schools ▁in ▁Texas <0x0A> </s> ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁( also ▁Pierre ▁Joseph ) ▁is ▁a ▁given ▁name ▁and ▁can ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Al ary , ▁( 1 6 8 9 – 1 7 7 0 ), ▁French ▁ecc les i astic ▁and ▁writer ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Am ore ux ▁( 1 7 4 1 – 1 8 2 4 ) ▁French ▁phys ician ▁and ▁natural ist ▁Pierre ▁ ▁Joseph ▁Bonn ater re ▁( 1 7 5 2 – 1 8 0 4 ), ▁French ▁natural ist ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁Bour c et ▁( 1 7 0 0 – 1 7 8 0 ), ▁French ▁tact ician , ▁general , ▁chief ▁of ▁staff , ▁map maker ▁and ▁military ▁educ ator ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Camb on , ▁( 1 7 5 6 – 1 8 2 0 ), ▁French ▁states man ▁Arthur ▁Card in ▁( 1 8 7 9 – 1 9 4 6 ), ▁Canadian ▁politician ▁ ▁Pierre - Jose ph - O liv ier ▁Ch au ve au ▁( 1 8 2 0 – 1 8 9 0 ), ▁first ▁Premier ▁of ▁the ▁Canadian ▁province ▁of ▁Quebec ▁ ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Th ou lier ▁d ' |
O liv et ▁( 1 6 8 2 – 1 7 6 8 ), ▁French ▁ab bot , ▁writer , ▁grammar ian ▁and ▁French ▁transl ator ▁P igne au ▁de ▁Be ha ine ▁( 1 7 4 1 – 1 7 9 9 ), ▁French ▁Catholic ▁priest , ▁helped ▁establish ▁Vietnam ese ▁N gu y ễ n ▁D ynast y ▁after ▁T â y ▁S ơ n ▁re bell ion ▁Pierre ▁ ▁Joseph ▁C él or on ▁de ▁B lain ville ▁( 1 6 9 3 – 1 7 5 9 ), ▁French ▁Canadian ▁Officer ▁of ▁Marine ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Des ault , ▁( 1 7 3 8 – 1 7 9 5 ), ▁French ▁an atom ist ▁and ▁sur geon ▁Pierre ▁Mac quer ▁( 1 7 1 8 – 1 7 8 4 ), ▁French ▁chem ist ▁Pierre ▁ ▁Joseph ▁Pel let ier ▁( 1 7 8 8 – 1 8 4 2 ), ▁French ▁chem ist ▁ ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Pr oud hon ▁( 1 8 0 9 – 1 8 6 5 ), ▁French ▁politician , ▁mut ual ist ▁phil os opher ▁and ▁social ist ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁Red out é ▁( 1 7 5 9 – 1 8 4 0 ), ▁Belg ian ▁painter ▁and ▁botan ist ▁Am éd ée ▁T rem bl ay ▁( 1 8 7 6 – 1 9 4 9 ), ▁Canadian ▁organ ist , ▁composer , ▁and ▁music ▁educ ator ▁Pierre - Jose ph ▁ ▁van ▁Ben eden |
▁( 1 8 0 9 – 1 8 9 4 ), ▁Belg ian ▁zo ologist ▁and ▁pale ont ologist ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Pierre - Jose ph - Marie ▁Cha um on ot ▁( 1 6 1 1 – 1 6 9 3 ) ▁French - Can ad ian ▁Catholic ▁mission ary ▁Pierre - Jose ph - Gu illaume ▁Z imm ermann ▁( 1 7 8 5 – 1 8 5 3 ), ▁French ▁pian ist , ▁composer , ▁and ▁music ▁teacher ▁Pierre - Jose ph - Just in ▁Bernard ▁( 1 7 0 8 – 1 7 7 5 ), ▁French ▁military ▁man ▁and ▁sal on ▁poet <0x0A> </s> ▁Donald ▁Arthur ▁Ber ry ▁( born ▁May ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 4 0 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁stat istic ian ▁and ▁a ▁pract ition er ▁and ▁pro ponent ▁of ▁Bay esian ▁statistics ▁in ▁medical ▁science . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁chairman ▁of ▁the ▁Department ▁of ▁Bi ost at istics ▁and ▁App lied ▁Mathemat ics ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁M . ▁D . ▁Anderson ▁Can cer ▁Center ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 9 - 2 0 1 0 , ▁where ▁he ▁played ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁Bay esian ▁methods ▁to ▁develop ▁innov ative , ▁adapt ive ▁clin ical ▁tri als . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁for ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁statistical ▁theory ▁rel ating ▁to ▁the ▁design ▁of ▁clin ical ▁tri als . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁fellow ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Statist ical ▁Association ▁and ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Mathemat |
ical ▁Sciences . ▁He ▁founded ▁Ber ry ▁Cons ult ants , ▁a ▁statistical ▁consult ing ▁group , ▁with ▁Scott ▁Ber ry ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁Ber ry ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁South bridge , ▁Massachusetts , ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁and ▁obtained ▁a ▁A . B . ▁in ▁mathematics ▁from ▁D art mouth ▁College , ▁before ▁moving ▁to ▁Y ale ▁University ▁where ▁he ▁received ▁an ▁M . A ▁and ▁Ph . D . ▁in ▁statistics . ▁ ▁Ber ry ▁initially ▁" fl unk ed ▁out " ▁of ▁his ▁under grad uate ▁education ▁at ▁D art mouth ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁army , ▁being ▁station ed ▁in ▁Pan ama , ▁but ▁at ▁the ▁request ▁of ▁his ▁Dean ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁D art mouth ▁to ▁complete ▁his ▁under grad uate ▁education ▁in ▁mathematics . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁statist icians ▁Category : B ay esian ▁statist icians ▁Category : Y ale ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Minnesota ▁fac ulty ▁Category : D u ke ▁University ▁fac ulty ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Texas ▁fac ulty ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Statist ical ▁Association <0x0A> </s> ▁Roberto ▁Tam és ▁( born ▁ 2 1 ▁August ▁ 1 9 6 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Mexican ▁b obs led der . ▁He ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁ 1 9 9 2 |
▁and ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : M ex ican ▁male ▁b obs led ders ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁b obs led ders ▁of ▁Mexico ▁Category : B obs led ders ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : B obs led ders ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : B obs led ders ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Gu adal aj ara , ▁J alis co <0x0A> </s> ▁Par ▁River ▁may ▁refer ▁to ▁several ▁places : ▁ ▁Par ▁River ▁( UK ) ▁ ▁Par ▁River ▁( Gu jar at ) ▁ ▁Par ▁River ▁( Ar un ach al ▁Pr adesh ), ▁trib ut ary ▁of ▁the ▁Sub ans iri ▁River <0x0A> </s> ▁Al nab at ▁( known ▁as ▁ Ə li ism ay ı ll ı ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 1 ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁and ▁municipality ▁in ▁the ▁G ad ab ay ▁Ray on ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an . ▁ ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 1 , 2 9 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁G ad ab ay ▁District <0x0A> </s> ▁Ig or ▁Y eg or ov ▁( born ▁June ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 5 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Ukrain ian ▁econom ist , ▁Sc . D . ▁in ▁Econom |
ics , ▁Deput y ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Institute ▁for ▁Econom ics ▁and ▁Fore cast ing ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Academy ▁of ▁Sciences ▁of ▁Ukraine , ▁and ▁Professor ▁at ▁the ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Econom ics ▁at ▁the ▁Tar as ▁She v chen ko ▁National ▁University ▁of ▁Ky iv . ▁▁ ▁Until ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁Head ▁of ▁Department ▁for ▁System ic ▁Studies ▁of ▁S & T ▁Pot ential ▁at ▁G . M . ▁Dob rov ▁Center ▁for ▁Scient ific ▁and ▁Techn ological ▁Pot ential ▁and ▁Science ▁History ▁Studies ▁of ▁the ▁NAS ▁of ▁Ukraine . ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Academ ic ▁Council ▁of ▁Scient ific ▁and ▁Techn ical ▁Complex ▁for ▁Statist ical ▁Research ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁Statistics ▁Service ▁of ▁Ukraine . ▁ ▁An ▁editor ial ▁board ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁academic ▁journ als : ▁ ▁Science ▁and ▁Science ▁of ▁Science ▁( U k raine ), ▁ ▁Econom y ▁and ▁Fore cast ing ▁( U k raine ), ▁ ▁Problem s ▁of ▁Science ▁( U k raine ). ▁ ▁A ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁dis sert ation ▁council ▁of ▁th eses ▁defense ▁for ▁the ▁degree ▁of ▁Doctor ▁of ▁Science ▁in : ▁ ▁G . M . ▁Dob rov ▁Center ▁for ▁Scient ific ▁and ▁Techn ological ▁Pot ential ▁and ▁Science ▁History ▁Studies ▁of ▁National ▁Academy ▁of ▁Sciences ▁of ▁Ukraine ▁( E conom ics ); ▁ ▁Econom ic ▁Research ▁Institute ▁of ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Econom ic ▁Development ▁and ▁Trade ▁of ▁Ukraine ▁( E conom ics ). ▁ ▁Gr ants ▁ ▁Vis iting ▁Ful br ight |
▁Sch olar ▁at ▁the ▁Center ▁for ▁International ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology ▁Policy , ▁George ▁Washington ▁University ▁( 1 9 9 5 – 1 9 9 6 ). ▁Project : ▁Poss ib ilities ▁of ▁Util ization ▁of ▁American ▁Exper ience ▁for ▁Reform ing ▁Ukrain ian ▁Science . ▁ ▁Vis iting ▁Sch olar ▁at ▁the ▁Kenn an ▁Institute ▁of ▁the ▁Wood row ▁Wilson ▁International ▁Center ▁for ▁Sch ol ars ▁( 2 0 0 4 ). ▁Project : ▁Trans formation ▁of ▁the ▁R & D ▁System ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁and ▁the ▁Poss ibility ▁of ▁Application ▁of ▁American ▁Exper ience ▁in ▁Ukraine . ▁ ▁Ex pert ▁and ▁public ▁activity ▁An ▁expert ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁Commission ▁project ▁En h ance ▁In nov ation ▁Str ateg ies , ▁Pol ic ies ▁and ▁Reg ulation ▁in ▁Ukraine . ▁An ▁expert ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁Econom ic ▁Commission ▁for ▁Europe ▁and ▁the ▁consult ant ▁( ex pert ) ▁of ▁the ▁UN ES CO ▁Institute ▁for ▁Statistics . ▁A ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁Association ▁for ▁E volution ary ▁Political ▁Econom y ▁and ▁the ▁European ▁Association ▁for ▁the ▁Study ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology . ▁ ▁Academ ic ▁contributions ▁ ▁Dr . ▁Ig or ▁Y eg or ov ▁developed ▁the ▁new ▁scientific ▁approach ▁to ▁the ▁studies ▁of ▁S & T ▁and ▁innov ation ▁potential s ▁in ▁the ▁processes ▁of ▁social ▁and ▁economic ▁development . ▁He ▁proposed ▁method ological ▁principles , ▁methods ▁and ▁simulation ▁models ▁for ▁analysis ▁of ▁the ▁current ▁state ▁and ▁the ▁pers pect ives ▁of ▁further ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁Ukrain ian |
▁scientific ▁and ▁techn ological ▁and ▁innov ation ▁potential s . ▁He ▁made ▁a ▁review ▁of ▁the ▁dynamics ▁of ▁the ▁S & T ▁potential , ▁including ▁calculations ▁of ▁corresponding ▁indic ators ▁of ▁cad res ▁of ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁science . ▁He ▁has ▁also ▁identified ▁key ▁problems ▁of ▁the ▁future ▁R & D ▁development ▁in ▁Ukraine , ▁and ▁the ▁ways ▁and ▁instruments ▁for ▁their ▁solving . ▁ ▁His ▁research ▁on ▁S & T ▁and ▁economic ▁policy ▁has ▁been ▁published ▁in ▁Research ▁Policy , ▁Science ▁and ▁Public ▁Policy ▁and ▁Europe - As ia ▁Studies , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁in ▁variety ▁of ▁Ukrain ian ▁and ▁Russian ▁journ als . ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Chap ters ▁▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 1 9 9 6 ), ▁' Con version ▁of ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁military ▁R & D ▁at ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s : ▁some ▁results ▁and ▁problems .' ▁in ▁Military ▁R & D ▁after ▁the ▁Cold ▁War : ▁Con version ▁and ▁Technology ▁Transfer ▁in ▁Eastern ▁and ▁Western ▁Europe , ▁G umm ett ▁P ., ▁B out ou so v ▁M ., ▁F ark as ▁J ., ▁R ip ▁A . ▁( eds .), ▁pp . 1 6 3 – 1 6 8 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 1 9 9 6 ), ▁' Te chn ology ▁Transfer ▁in ▁Ukraine : ▁S low ▁Ch anges ▁on ▁the ▁Background ▁of ▁Econom ic ▁Dec line .' ▁in ▁Bar riers ▁to ▁International ▁Technology ▁Transfer , ▁Kirk land ▁J |
. ▁( ed .), ▁pp . 1 7 1 – 1 8 4 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or , ▁Joseph son , ▁P . ▁( 1 9 9 7 ), ▁' The ▁De cept ive ▁Promise ▁of ▁Reform : ▁Ukrain ian ▁Science ▁in ▁Cris is .' ▁Min erva ▁ 3 5 ▁( 4 ), ▁pp . 3 2 1 – 3 4 7 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 1 9 9 8 ), ▁' Con version ▁in ▁Ukraine : ▁some ▁results ▁and ▁problems .' ▁Ch . ▁ 9 ▁of ▁The ▁End ▁of ▁Military ▁Ford ism : ▁Rest ruct uring ▁the ▁Global ▁Military ▁S ector , ▁edited ▁by ▁Mary ▁K ald or , ▁pp . 1 9 6 – 2 1 5 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 1 9 9 9 ), ▁' Struct ural ▁Ch anges ▁in ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁Econom y ▁in ▁Early ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁and ▁Their ▁In flu ence ▁on ▁R & D ▁Performance .' ▁in ▁Re const ruction ▁or ▁Dest ruction ? ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology ▁at ▁St ake ▁in ▁Trans ition ▁Econom ies , ▁Bru nd en ius ▁C ., ▁Gor ans son ▁B ., ▁Red dy ▁P . ▁( eds .) ▁pp . 4 8 – 6 9 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 1 9 9 9 ), ▁' Te chn ological ▁Transfer ▁and ▁Organ is ational ▁Ch anges ▁in ▁Ukrain ian ▁A viation ▁and ▁Bel |
or uss ian ▁Electron ic ▁Indust ries : ▁Two ▁D ifferent ▁Str ateg ies .' ▁in ▁Technology ▁Transfer : ▁From ▁In vention ▁to ▁In nov ation , ▁In z elt ▁A ., ▁Hil ton ▁J . ▁( eds .), ▁pp . 2 8 5 – 2 9 9 . ▁ ▁Y eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 1 9 9 9 ), ▁' Foreign ▁Direct ▁In vest ment ▁in ▁Ukraine : ▁First ▁Results , ▁T endencies ▁and ▁Pro spect s .' ▁in ▁F DI ▁and ▁Technology ▁Transfer ▁in ▁the ▁Form er ▁Soviet ▁Union , ▁Dy ker ▁D . ▁( ed .), ▁pp . 1 5 5 – 1 8 8 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 2 0 0 1 ), ▁' Future ▁of ▁the ▁Scient ific ▁Systems ▁in ▁the ▁Form er ▁Soviet ▁Union .' ▁Science , ▁Technology , ▁Society ▁ 1 0 ( 2 3 ) ▁( 1 ), ▁pp . 1 1 5 – 1 3 6 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 2 0 0 2 ), ▁' Trans formation ▁of ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁Econom y ▁in ▁the ▁Light ▁of ▁EU ▁En larg ement ▁and ▁Development ▁of ▁Regional ▁Co - operation ' ▁in ▁Reg i ok ▁Europ aja , ▁Bez ster i ▁B ., ▁Le va i ▁I . ▁( eds .), ▁pp . 2 5 – 3 3 . ▁ ▁Eg or ov , ▁Ig or , ▁Joseph son , ▁P . ▁( 2 0 0 2 ), |
▁' U k raine ' s ▁Dec lin ing ▁Scient ific ▁Research ▁Est ab lish ment .' ▁Problem s ▁of ▁Post - Comm un ism ▁ 4 9 ▁( 4 ). ▁pp . 4 3 – 5 1 . ▁ ▁Y eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 2 0 0 3 ), ▁Indust rial ▁Rest ruct uring ▁in ▁European ▁Trans ition ▁Econom ies : ▁Reg ul atory ▁Framework ▁and ▁the ▁Ro le ▁of ▁In nov ation , ▁N . Y ▁and ▁Gene va : ▁United ▁Nations ▁publication , ▁▁ ▁Y eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( 2 0 0 4 ), ▁' Delay ed ▁rest ruct uring ▁through ▁grad ual ▁global ▁integration ▁in ▁av iation ▁and ▁space ▁industry ▁in ▁Ukraine . ', ▁' The ▁amb ivalent ▁state ▁and ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁al li ances ▁for ▁growth ▁and ▁rest ruct uring ▁in ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁tele com ▁industry . ', ▁' M uch ▁f uss ▁about ▁nothing : ▁rest ruct uring ▁st ale ▁mate ▁in ▁the ▁Ukrain ian ▁car ▁industry . ', ▁Ch . ▁ 9 , 1 1 , 1 3 ▁of ▁International ▁Indust rial ▁Network s ▁and ▁Indust rial ▁Rest ruct uring ▁in ▁Central ▁and ▁Eastern ▁Europe , ▁Rad ose vic ▁S ., ▁S adow ski ▁B . ▁( eds .), ▁pp . 1 5 5 – 1 6 6 , ▁ 1 7 9 – 1 9 0 , ▁ 2 0 7 – 2 2 2 . ▁ ▁Y eg or ov , ▁Ig or ▁( |
2 0 1 0 ), ▁' U c ran ia : ▁desarrollo ▁econ óm ico ▁in est able ▁e ▁integra ción ▁en ▁la ▁Un ión ▁Europe a .' ▁in ▁Un ión ▁Europe a ▁y ▁ag enda ▁est rat ég ica : ▁una ▁vis ión ▁desde ▁el ▁centro ▁y ▁el ▁este ▁del ▁contin ente , ▁Al onso ▁F ., ▁Andre ff ▁W ., ▁Lu engo ▁F . ▁( eds .), ▁pp . 1 6 9 – 1 9 2 . ▁ ▁Selected ▁academic ▁articles ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁econom ists ▁ ▁E volution ary ▁econom ics ▁ ▁In nov ation ▁econom ics ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁The ▁Institute ▁for ▁Econom ics ▁and ▁Fore cast ing ▁Official ▁Web ▁Site ▁ ▁S TE PS ▁Center ▁Official ▁Web ▁Site ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 8 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : U k rain ian ▁econom ists ▁Category : In nov ation ▁econom ists ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁K iev ▁Category : T ar as ▁She v chen ko ▁National ▁University ▁of ▁Ky iv ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁United ▁States ▁Senate ▁election ▁in ▁Oklahoma ▁will ▁be ▁held ▁on ▁November ▁ 3 , ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁to ▁elect ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Senate ▁to ▁represent ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁Oklahoma , ▁concurrent ly ▁with ▁the ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁U . S . ▁president ial ▁election , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁other ▁elections ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States |
▁Senate ▁in ▁other ▁states ▁and ▁elections ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁and ▁various ▁state ▁and ▁local ▁elections . ▁Inc umb ent ▁Republican ▁Senator ▁Jim ▁In hof e ▁announced ▁he ▁will ▁run ▁for ▁re e lection ▁to ▁a ▁fifth ▁full ▁term . ▁ ▁Although ▁the ▁president ial ▁primary ▁in ▁Oklahoma ▁was ▁on ▁March ▁ 3 , ▁the ▁primary ▁to ▁select ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Senate ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁each ▁party ▁is ▁scheduled ▁for ▁June ▁ 3 0 ▁with ▁potential ▁run offs ▁for ▁August ▁ 2 5 . ▁ ▁Republican ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Dec la red ▁ ▁Jim ▁In hof e , ▁inc umb ent ▁U . S . ▁Senator ▁ ▁Neil ▁M av is , ▁Libert arian ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁U . S . ▁Represent ative ▁in ▁OK - 0 2 ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁▁ ▁J . J . ▁St itt , ▁far mer ▁and ▁gun ▁shop ▁owner ▁ ▁John ▁Tom p kins ▁ ▁Dec lined ▁ ▁Scott ▁P ru itt , ▁former ▁Administr ator ▁of ▁the ▁Environment al ▁Prote ction ▁Agency , ▁former ▁Att orney ▁General ▁of ▁Oklahoma , ▁and ▁former ▁state ▁sen ator ▁ ▁End ors ements ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Democratic ▁primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Dec la red ▁ ▁She ila ▁B ily eu , ▁per enn ial ▁candidate ▁ ▁E ly s abeth ▁Brit t , ▁human ▁resources ▁professional ▁and ▁candidate ▁for ▁Oklahoma ' s ▁ 5 th ▁con gression al ▁district ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 |
▁ ▁Abb y ▁Bro yles , ▁att orney ▁and ▁former ▁K FOR ▁news ▁rep orter ▁ ▁R . ▁O . ▁Joe ▁Cass ity , ▁Jr . ▁ ▁With dra wn ▁ ▁D yl an ▁Bill ings , ▁political ▁science ▁professor ▁▁ ▁Ty ler ▁D ough ert y , ▁software ▁developer ▁ ▁Be von ▁Rog ers , ▁former ▁oil ▁and ▁gas ▁industrial ist , ▁ ▁instead ▁ran ▁for ▁State ▁Senate ▁ ▁Mike ▁Work man , ▁political ▁consult ant , ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁U . S . ▁Senate ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁and ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁Oklahoma ▁Labor ▁Commission er ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁ ▁Dec lined ▁ ▁J . J . ▁D os sett , ▁state ▁sen ator ▁ ▁Brad ▁Henry , ▁former ▁Governor ▁of ▁Oklahoma ▁Cy nd i ▁Mun son , ▁state ▁representative ▁Em ily ▁Virgin , ▁minor ity ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Oklahoma ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁ ▁End ors ements ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Libert arian ▁Primary ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Dec la red ▁ ▁Robert ▁Mur phy , ▁nom ine e ▁for ▁U . S . ▁Senate ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁ ▁Independ ents ▁ ▁C andid ates ▁ ▁Dec la red ▁▁ ▁Joan ▁F arr , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁United ▁States ▁Senate ▁election ▁in ▁Oklahoma ▁candidate ▁▁ ▁A . ▁D . ▁N es bit ▁ ▁General ▁election ▁ ▁Pred ict ions ▁ ▁Pol ling ▁with ▁Abb y ▁Bro yles ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁campaign |
▁websites ▁ ▁Abb y ▁Bro yles ▁( D ) ▁for ▁Senate ▁ ▁J . J . ▁St itt ▁( R ) ▁for ▁Senate ▁▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁Oklahoma ▁United ▁States ▁Senate <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁▁ ▁Y oon ▁Young ha - class ▁pat rol ▁vessel ▁( H ang ul : ▁ 윤 영 하 급 ▁ 미 사 일 고 속 함 ) ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁PK G - class ▁pat rol ▁vessel ▁is ▁a ▁class ▁of ▁pat rol ▁ship ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Korea ▁Navy . ▁One ▁variant ▁is ▁in ▁active ▁service ▁and ▁a ▁smaller ▁variant ▁is ▁planned . ▁The ▁first ▁being ▁the ▁PK X - A ▁or ▁Y un ▁Young ha - class ▁miss ile ▁pat rol ▁ship ▁( H ang ul : ▁ 윤 영 하 급 ▁ 고 속 함 ), ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁the ▁ ▁pat rol ▁boat ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁Ch ams uri - 2 1 1 - class ▁pat rol ▁boat ). ▁ ▁Development ▁ ▁The ▁Republic ▁of ▁Korea ▁Navy ▁( RO K N ) ▁began ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁PK G ▁class ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁after ▁a ▁Ch ams uri - class ▁( PK M - class ) ▁pat rol ▁boat ▁was ▁s unk ▁during ▁a ▁naval ▁cl ash ▁with ▁North ▁Korean ▁pat rol ▁boats ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁The ▁c oden amed ▁PK X ▁( Pat rol ▁K iller ▁e X perimental ) ▁program ▁is ▁the ▁pat rol ▁boat ▁modern ization ▁project ▁of |
▁the ▁R OK N . ▁ ▁The ▁PK X ▁consist ▁of ▁two ▁main ▁designs . ▁The ▁larger , ▁miss ile ▁armed ▁PK X - A ( PK G ) ▁of ▁approximately ▁ 5 0 0 ▁tons ▁and ▁the ▁smaller ▁gun ▁armed ▁PK X - B ( PK MR ) ▁of ▁approximately ▁ 2 0 0 ▁tons . ▁PK X - A ( PK G ) ▁is ▁planned ▁to ▁take ▁up ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁operations ▁done ▁by ▁s , ▁and ▁the ▁PK X - B ( PK MR ) ▁is ▁planned ▁to ▁replace ▁the ▁ag ing ▁ ▁fleet . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁PK X - A ( PK G ) ▁vessels ▁were ▁ordered ▁from ▁Han jin ▁He avy ▁Indust ries . ▁The ▁lead ▁ship ▁of ▁the ▁class , ▁Y oon ▁Young ha ▁( PK G ▁ 7 1 1 ), ▁named ▁after ▁Lieutenant ▁Commander ▁Y oon ▁Young ha ▁who ▁was ▁killed ▁during ▁the ▁second ▁battle ▁of ▁Ye on py e ong , ▁was ▁launched ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁and ▁commission ed ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁The ▁production ▁of ▁the ▁PK X - A ( PK G ) ▁are ▁being ▁divided ▁between ▁Han jin ▁He avy ▁Indust ries ▁and ▁ST X ▁in ▁lots ▁of ▁four . ▁ ▁The ▁PK X - B ▁variant ▁includes ▁a ▁ 1 3 0 ▁mm ▁gu ided ▁ro cket ▁launch er ▁at ▁the ▁stern . ▁The ▁first ▁vessel ▁was ▁launched ▁in ▁July ▁ 2 0 |
1 6 ▁and ▁was ▁commission ed ▁in ▁late ▁ 2 0 1 7 ; ▁all ▁four ▁ships ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁batch ▁will ▁be ▁delivered ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁A ▁contract ▁was ▁awarded ▁to ▁Han jin ▁He avy ▁Indust ries ▁for ▁ships ▁ 5 ▁through ▁ 8 ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁which ▁are ▁scheduled ▁to ▁be ▁delivered ▁after ▁ 2 0 2 0 . ▁The ▁contract ▁for ▁ships ▁ 9 ▁through ▁ 1 2 ▁were ▁awarded ▁in ▁early ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁The ▁PK X - B ▁was ▁specifically ▁designed ▁to ▁counter ▁North ▁Korean ▁fast ▁sw arm ing ▁craft s . ▁The ▁ 1 2 - can ister ▁ 1 3 0 ▁mm ▁gu ided ▁ro cket ▁launch er ▁can ▁hit ▁targets ▁between ▁ ▁using ▁a ▁ro cket ▁we igh ing ▁ ▁with ▁an ▁ ▁war head . ▁Rock ets ▁have ▁G PS / IN S ▁mid course ▁guidance ▁with ▁data ▁u pl ink ▁and ▁terminal ▁II R ▁hom ing , ▁and ▁three ▁can ▁be ▁fired ▁simultaneously . ▁ ▁Sh ips ▁in ▁the ▁class ▁▁ ▁The ▁PK X - A ▁first ▁six ▁ships ▁were ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁sail ors ▁of ▁pat rol ▁boat ▁PK M ▁ 3 5 7 , ▁who ▁were ▁killed ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁Battle ▁of ▁Ye on py e ong ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁ ▁South ▁Korean ▁nav ies ▁do ▁not ▁use ▁the ▁number ▁' 0 ', ▁' 4 ' ▁when ▁assigning ▁P enn ant ▁numbers |
▁to ▁their ▁ships . ▁In ▁Korea , ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁super st it ious ▁belief ▁that ▁' 4 ' ▁is ▁an ▁un l ucky ▁number ▁( m uch ▁like ▁Friday ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ). ▁' 0 ' ▁is ▁also ▁considered ▁as ▁bad ▁luck . ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁exceptions , ▁though ▁- ▁M LS ▁ 5 6 0 ▁W ons an ▁and ▁sub mar ines . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Republic ▁of ▁Korea ▁Navy ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pat rol ▁vessels ▁of ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Korea ▁Navy <0x0A> </s> ▁Events ▁from ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 8 2 5 ▁in ▁Den mark . ▁ ▁Inc umb ents ▁ ▁Mon arch ▁– ▁Frederick ▁VI ▁ ▁Prime ▁minister ▁– ▁Otto ▁Jo achim ▁ ▁Events ▁ ▁Und ated ▁ ▁- ▁A ▁storm ▁pen etr ates ▁the ▁narrow ▁land ▁mass , ▁Ag ger ▁T ange , ▁separ ating ▁Northern ▁J ut land ▁from ▁the ▁main land ▁J ut land ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁since ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century . ▁ ▁The ▁C open hagen ▁Art ▁Society ▁is ▁founded ▁by ▁a ▁circle ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁influ ential ▁figures ▁of ▁the ▁Dan ish ▁art ▁world ▁during ▁the ▁Dan ish ▁Golden ▁Age . ▁ ▁B irth s ▁▁ 2 8 ▁January ▁– ▁Mos es ▁Mel ch ior , ▁business man ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 1 2 ) ▁▁ 1 6 ▁April ▁– ▁Jacob ▁Br ø n num ▁Sc aven ius ▁Est rup , ▁politician , ▁prime ▁minister ▁of ▁Den mark ▁( d ied ▁ 1 |
9 1 3 ) ▁▁ 1 0 ▁May ▁– ▁Heinrich ▁T ø nn ies , ▁photograph er ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 0 3 ) ▁▁ 1 9 ▁November ▁– ▁Jacob ▁Kor ner up , ▁ar che ologist ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 1 3 ) ▁ ▁November ▁ 3 0 ▁– ▁Julius ▁Ex ner , ▁painter ▁( d ied ▁ 1 9 1 0 ) ▁ ▁Death s ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 2 0 s ▁in ▁Den mark ▁Den mark ▁Category : Year s ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁in ▁Den mark <0x0A> </s> ▁Sarah ▁Am alia ▁Te ich mann ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 5 ) ▁ ▁is ▁head ▁of ▁cell ular ▁gen et ics ▁at ▁the ▁Well come ▁S anger ▁Institute ▁and ▁a ▁visit ing ▁research ▁group ▁leader ▁at ▁the ▁European ▁Bio in format ics ▁Institute ▁( E MB L - E BI ). ▁She ▁is ▁serves ▁as ▁director ▁of ▁research ▁( equ ivalent ▁to ▁Professor ) ▁in ▁the ▁Cav end ish ▁Labor atory , ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Cambridge ▁and ▁a ▁senior ▁research ▁fellow ▁at ▁Church ill ▁College , ▁Cambridge . ▁ ▁Education ▁Te ich mann ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁the ▁European ▁School , ▁Kar ls ru he ▁in ▁Germany ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 1 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁where ▁she ▁completed ▁the ▁European ▁Bac cala ure ate ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁Te ich mann ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁Natural ▁Sciences ▁Tri pos ▁at ▁Tr |
inity ▁College , ▁Cambridge ▁and ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁first ▁class ▁Bach elor ▁of ▁Arts ▁degree ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁she ▁completed ▁her ▁Ph D ▁super vised ▁by ▁C yrus ▁Ch oth ia ▁at ▁the ▁Labor atory ▁of ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁( L MB ) ▁on ▁gen ome ▁evolution . ▁ ▁Career ▁and ▁research ▁Following ▁her ▁Ph D , ▁Te ich mann ▁did ▁post do ctor al ▁research ▁super vised ▁by ▁Jan et ▁Thor nt on ▁at ▁University ▁College ▁London ▁and ▁fund ed ▁by ▁the ▁Beit ▁Memorial ▁Fellow ships ▁for ▁Medical ▁Research . ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 1 2 , ▁she ▁was ▁a ▁Medical ▁Research ▁Council ▁( M RC ) ▁Program me ▁Le ader , ▁studying ▁patterns ▁in ▁protein ▁interactions ▁and ▁trans cription al ▁regul atory ▁networks . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Te ich mann ▁was ▁appointed ▁a ▁joint ▁position ▁at ▁the ▁Well come ▁Trust ▁S anger ▁Institute ▁and ▁the ▁European ▁Bio in format ics ▁Institute ▁( E MB L - E BI ). ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁she ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁teaching ▁fellow ▁and ▁director ▁of ▁studies ▁at ▁Tr inity ▁College , ▁Cambridge . ▁Since ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Te ich mann ▁has ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁Cell ular ▁Gen et ics ▁at ▁the ▁Well come ▁Trust ▁S anger ▁Institute ▁and ▁a ▁visit ing ▁research ▁group ▁leader ▁at ▁the ▁E BI . ▁ |
▁Te ich mann ' s ▁research ▁investig ates ▁gene ▁expression ▁and ▁protein ▁complex ▁assembly ▁using ▁both ▁wet ▁labor atory ▁and ▁computational ▁bi ology ▁techniques . ▁In ▁particular ▁her ▁research ▁group : ▁ ▁Te ich mann ' s ▁research ▁has ▁been ▁fund ed ▁by ▁the ▁European ▁Research ▁Council ▁( ER C ), ▁the ▁Medical ▁Research ▁Council ▁( M RC ), ▁the ▁Bi ote chn ology ▁and ▁Bi ological ▁Sciences ▁Research ▁Council ▁( B BS RC ), ▁the ▁Well come ▁Trust , ▁the ▁European ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁Organ ization ▁( EM BO ), ▁the ▁Framework ▁Program mes ▁for ▁Research ▁and ▁Techn ological ▁Development ▁and ▁the ▁European ▁Co operation ▁in ▁Science ▁and ▁Technology ▁( CO ST ). ▁▁ ▁Te ich mann ▁has ▁super vised ▁several ▁Ph D ▁students ▁to ▁completion ▁and ▁several ▁post do ctor al ▁research ers ▁who ▁have ▁gone ▁on ▁to ▁become ▁Princi pal ▁investig ators ▁( PI s ). ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁hon ours ▁Te ich mann ▁has ▁won ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁awards . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁she ▁was ▁awarded ▁Col worth ▁Medal ▁from ▁the ▁Bio chem ical ▁Society . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Te ich man ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Francis ▁Cr ick ▁Medal ▁and ▁L ect ure , ▁membership ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁Organ ization ▁( EM BO ) ▁and ▁the ▁L ister ▁Prize ▁from ▁the ▁L ister ▁Institute ▁of ▁Pre vent ive ▁Medicine . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁she ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Michael ▁and ▁Kate ▁B |
ár ány ▁Award ▁for ▁young ▁investig ators ▁by ▁the ▁Bi oph ys ical ▁Society ▁and ▁the ▁EM BO ▁Gold ▁Medal . ▁Te ich mann ▁was ▁elected ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁Medical ▁Sciences ▁( F Med S ci ) ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁Her ▁c itation ▁on ▁election ▁reads : ▁ ▁Te ich mann ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁an ▁activ ist ▁for ▁women ' s ▁care ers ▁in ▁science ▁through ▁en abling ▁scient ists ▁in ▁families ▁to ▁advance ▁their ▁care ers ▁while ▁working ▁part - time . ▁She ▁cha ired ▁a ▁Sex ▁in ▁Science ▁debate ▁at ▁the ▁Well come ▁Trust ▁on ▁bal ancing ▁family ▁life ▁with ▁working ▁in ▁research . ▁Te ich mann ▁was ▁elected ▁an ▁I SC B ▁Fellow ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁by ▁the ▁International ▁Society ▁for ▁Comput ational ▁Bi ology . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁Te ich mann ▁has ▁two ▁daughters . ▁Te ich mann ▁is ▁the ▁co - author ▁of ▁the ▁children ' s ▁language ▁education ▁novel ▁Te en age ▁Det ect ives , ▁which ▁she ▁wrote ▁as ▁a ▁te en ager ▁together ▁with ▁her ▁mother ▁Dr . ▁Virginia ▁Te ich mann , ▁an ▁English - language ▁university ▁lect urer ▁in ▁Kar ls ru he . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : G erman ▁bio in format icians ▁Category : Well come ▁Trust ▁Category : A cadem ics ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Cambridge ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁Tr inity ▁College , ▁Cambridge ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁University |
▁College ▁London ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁M ole cular ▁Bi ology ▁Organ ization ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁Medical ▁Sciences ▁Category : 1 9 7 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁Society ▁for ▁Comput ational ▁Bi ology ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁School s ▁Category : W omen ▁scient ists <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Arizona ▁Cy clone ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 2 8 ▁American ▁Western ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Ed gar ▁Lewis , ▁and ▁written ▁by ▁William ▁Ber ke ▁and ▁Gard ner ▁Brad ford . ▁The ▁film ▁stars ▁Fred ▁H umes , ▁George ▁B . ▁French , ▁Margaret ▁Gray , ▁C uy ler ▁Supp lee , ▁Gilbert ▁Hol mes , ▁and ▁Ben ▁Cor b ett . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁May ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 2 8 , ▁by ▁Universal ▁Pictures . ▁ ▁Plot ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Fred ▁H umes ▁as ▁Larry ▁Day ▁/ ▁Tom ▁Day ▁George ▁B . ▁French ▁as ▁John ▁Cos gro ve ▁Margaret ▁Gray ▁as ▁Kath le en ▁Cos gro ve ▁C uy ler ▁Supp lee ▁as ▁Mel ▁Cra ven ▁Gilbert ▁Hol mes ▁as ▁P ee ▁We e ▁ ▁Ben ▁Cor b ett ▁as ▁Ben ny ▁ ▁Richard ▁L ' Est range ▁as ▁Laz y ▁L ester ▁ ▁Scot ty ▁Matt raw ▁as ▁Scot ty ▁ ▁Light ning ▁as ▁Larry ' s ▁Hor se ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 8 ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films ▁Category : |
English - language ▁films ▁Category : American ▁Western ▁( gen re ) ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 2 0 s ▁Western ▁( gen re ) ▁films ▁Category : Univers al ▁Pictures ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Ed gar ▁Lewis ▁Category : American ▁silent ▁feature ▁films ▁Category : American ▁black - and - white ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Frank ▁Ernest ▁Bur ton ▁( 1 8 ▁March ▁ 1 8 6 5 ▁– ▁ 1 0 ▁February ▁ 1 9 4 8 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁international ▁footballer , ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁an ▁inside ▁right . ▁ ▁Career ▁Born ▁in ▁Not ting ham , ▁Bur ton ▁played ▁profession ally ▁for ▁Not ting ham ▁Forest , ▁and ▁earned ▁one ▁cap ▁for ▁England ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 9 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁Link s ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 6 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 4 8 ▁death s ▁Category : English ▁football ers ▁Category : Eng land ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : Not ting ham ▁Forest ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : English ▁Football ▁League ▁players ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁inside ▁for wards <0x0A> </s> ▁Rom er ía ▁Regional ▁de ▁San ▁Ben ito ▁Ab ad ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁popular ▁rom eria ▁that ▁is ▁held ▁the ▁second ▁Sunday ▁of ▁July ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁San ▁Crist ó bal ▁de ▁La ▁Lag una ▁( T ener ife , ▁Can ary ▁Islands , ▁Spain ). ▁It ▁is ▁held ▁in ▁honor ▁of ▁St . ▁Bened ict ▁of ▁N urs ia , ▁the ▁patron |
▁saint ▁of ▁far mers ▁of ▁T ener ife . ▁ ▁Dec la red ▁of ▁National ▁Tour ist ▁Interest , ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁representative ▁rom eria ▁of ▁the ▁Can ary ▁Islands , ▁in ▁which ▁particip ating ▁groups ▁coming ▁from ▁all ▁corners ▁of ▁the ▁arch ip el ago . ▁Moreover , ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁rom eria ▁of ▁Can arias ▁to ▁hold ▁the ▁title ▁of ▁" Reg ional " ▁( all ▁the ▁Can ary ▁region ). ▁She ▁is ▁also ▁considered ▁among ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁rom eria ▁in ▁Spain . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 5 3 2 ▁the ▁island ▁of ▁T ener ife ▁suffered ▁ ▁a ▁dr ought ▁and ▁the ▁union ▁of ▁far mers ▁placed ▁in ▁a ▁hat , ▁fol ded ▁papers ▁the ▁names ▁of ▁several ▁Catholic ▁sain ts . ▁random ▁voting ▁was ▁repeated ▁three ▁times ▁was ▁made ; ▁every ▁time ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁Saint ▁Bened ict ▁was ▁extracted , ▁which ▁was ▁considered ▁a ▁divine ▁plan . ▁It ▁was ▁a ▁recognition ▁that ▁far mers ▁paid ▁t ribute ▁to ▁Saint ▁for ▁his ▁protection ▁and ▁his ▁efforts ▁in ▁se cur ing ▁a ▁good ▁har vest ▁and ▁fert ility ▁necessary ▁for ▁field ▁ra ins ▁in ▁origin . ▁Over ▁time , ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁the ▁field ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁was ▁acqu iring ▁a ▁massive ▁and ▁particip atory ▁and ▁the ▁rom eria ▁became ▁a ▁meeting ▁of ▁both ▁world s : ▁the ▁agricult ural ▁and ▁urban . ▁ ▁Initial ly ▁the ▁rom eria ▁is ▁held ▁in ▁June , ▁although ▁due ▁to ▁weather ▁conditions ▁later ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁second ▁Sunday ▁of ▁July |
. ▁Court ship ▁is ▁carried ▁through ▁the ▁streets ▁in ▁which ▁people ▁are ▁dressed ▁in ▁traditional ▁cost umes ▁and ▁decor ated ▁with ▁typical ▁products ▁bul lock ▁c arts . ▁Al ong ▁the ▁way ▁throughout ▁the ▁city ▁there ▁are ▁also ▁Can arian ▁folk ▁music . ▁ ▁Notes ▁▁ ▁Category : Christ ian ▁pil gr images ▁Category : Can arian ▁culture ▁Category : San ▁Crist ó bal ▁de ▁La ▁Lag una <0x0A> </s> ▁Louis ▁Antoine ▁Cap dev ielle ▁( 9 ▁May ▁ 1 8 4 9 , ▁L our des ▁- ▁ 2 7 ▁July ▁ 1 9 0 5 , ▁L our des ) ▁was ▁a ▁French ▁genre ▁painter . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁His ▁father ▁was ▁a ▁sl ate ▁quar rier . ▁He ▁showed ▁an ▁early ▁talent ▁for ▁drawing ▁and ▁took ▁less ons ▁from ▁a ▁local ▁artist ▁named ▁C outh ou ly ▁before ▁en rolling ▁at ▁the ▁É cole ▁nationale ▁sup érieure ▁des ▁Be aux - Ar ts ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 8 , ▁with ▁financial ▁assistance ▁from ▁a ▁local ▁magistr ate ▁( co inc ident ally ▁also ▁named ▁Cap dev ielle , ▁although ▁not ▁related ) ▁and ▁a ▁subs id y ▁from ▁the ▁L our des ▁Municipal ▁Council . ▁▁ ▁His ▁primary ▁instruct or ▁there ▁was ▁the ▁painter ▁and ▁sculpt or , ▁A im é ▁Mil let . ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 0 , ▁absor bed ▁in ▁his ▁studies , ▁he ▁neglect ed ▁to ▁present ▁himself ▁for ▁the ▁sort ition ▁at ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁the ▁Franco - Pr uss ian ▁War . |
▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁he ▁was ▁arbitr arily ▁assigned ▁to ▁an ▁inf antry ▁regiment ▁and ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Arm ée ▁de ▁la ▁Lo ire . ▁ ▁After ▁being ▁dem obil ized , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁É cole ; ▁purs uing ▁studies ▁with ▁Alexandre ▁Cab anel ▁and ▁Lé on ▁Bonn at . ▁He ▁got ▁married ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 3 ▁and , ▁the ▁following ▁year , ▁had ▁his ▁first ▁showing ▁at ▁the ▁Sal on . ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 6 , ▁he ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁travel ▁grant ▁to ▁study ▁in ▁Spain ▁and ▁displayed ▁the ▁works ▁he ▁created ▁there ▁at ▁the ▁Sal on ▁of ▁ 1 8 7 7 . ▁▁ ▁His ▁wife ▁died ▁prem ature ly ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 8 , ▁shortly ▁after ▁he ▁had ▁been ▁called ▁up ▁for ▁a ▁new ▁round ▁of ▁military ▁exer cis es . ▁He ▁rem ar ried ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁sons ▁from ▁this ▁marriage , ▁Ra oul ▁( 1 8 8 0 - 1 9 1 0 ), ▁also ▁became ▁a ▁painter . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 6 , ▁anticip ating ▁a ▁special ▁" Sal on ▁Tri enn al ", ▁he ▁obtained ▁a ▁grant ▁from ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁L our des ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁large ▁canvas ▁dep ict ing ▁the ▁Mi racle ▁in ▁the ▁G rot to . ▁Despite ▁his ▁working ▁continu ously ▁for ▁a ▁year , ▁it ▁was ▁not ▁ready ▁in ▁time . ▁Fac ed ▁with ▁a ▁st alled ▁career ▁and ▁chron ic ▁financial |
▁problems , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁L our des ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 0 . ▁ ▁Once ▁settled ▁there , ▁he ▁turned ▁to ▁portrait ▁painting . ▁Most ▁of ▁his ▁sit ters ▁were ▁from ▁the ▁local ▁b our ge ois ie , ▁but ▁he ▁also ▁painted ▁É mile ▁Z ola , ▁during ▁his ▁visit ▁there ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 2 ▁to ▁do ▁research ▁for ▁his ▁novel ▁L our des . ▁About ▁that ▁same ▁time , ▁he ▁met ▁C yp rien ▁P int at , ▁a ▁restaurant ▁and ▁hotel ▁owner ▁from ▁Lu z - Saint - S au ve ur . ▁He ▁and ▁his ▁prominent ▁And or ran ▁family ▁became ▁major ▁pat rons . ▁▁ ▁A part ▁from ▁brief ▁tri ps ▁to ▁Spain ▁and ▁London , ▁he ▁lived ▁a ▁quiet ▁life ▁in ▁the ▁Haut es - P yr én ées ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 5 . ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁ ▁Jean ▁Camb on , ▁Un ▁grand ▁peint re ▁big ourd an , ▁Louis ▁Antoine ▁Cap dev ielle ▁ 1 8 4 9 - 1 9 0 5 , ▁Ac adémie ▁de ▁L our des ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁ ▁Jean ▁Cass ou ▁and ▁Gene vi ève ▁Mars an , ▁Louis ▁Cap dev ielle , ▁Société ▁Ac adém ique ▁des ▁Haut es - P yr én ées , ▁Musée ▁P yr éné en ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Cover ▁of ▁Camb on ' s ▁book ▁with ▁a ▁self - port rait ▁of ▁Cap dev ielle ▁@ ▁Pr ic em in ister |
. ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 4 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 0 5 ▁death s ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁French ▁pain ters ▁Category : F rench ▁genre ▁pain ters ▁Category : É cole ▁des ▁Be aux - Ar ts ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁L our des <0x0A> </s> ▁Cla ire ▁Jean ne ▁Ro ber te ▁Col inet ▁( 1 8 8 0 – 1 9 5 0 ) ▁was ▁a ▁French ▁sculpt or ▁of ▁Belg ian ▁birth ▁who ▁worked ▁during ▁the ▁early - to - mid ▁ 2 0 th ▁century . ▁ ▁The ▁subject ▁matter ▁of ▁her ▁best ▁known ▁work ▁was ▁primarily ▁Arab ▁female ▁d anc ers . ▁The ▁majority ▁of ▁her ▁career ▁output ▁in ▁sculpt ure ▁can ▁be ▁class ified ▁as ▁being ▁of ▁the ▁Art ▁Dec o ▁style . ▁ ▁Col inet ▁was ▁a ▁frequent ▁exhib itor ▁at ▁the ▁Sal on ▁des ▁Art istes ▁Fran ca is ▁and ▁Sal on ▁des ▁Independ ents ▁art ▁exhib itions ▁in ▁Paris . ▁Her ▁sculpt ures , ▁most ▁of ▁which ▁dep icted ▁beautiful ly ▁figured , ▁energ ized , ▁and ▁dram atic ▁female ▁forms , ▁were ▁exhib ited ▁post hum ously ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Sal on ▁for ▁nearly ▁ 3 0 ▁years . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁Col inet ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Br uss els , ▁Belg ium , ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 . ▁ ▁Little ▁is ▁known ▁about ▁her ▁life ▁other ▁than ▁the ▁art work ▁she ▁produced ▁during ▁a ▁successful ▁career ▁that ▁sp anned ▁more ▁than |
▁ 4 0 ▁years . ▁As ▁a ▁woman , ▁she ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁minor ity ▁in ▁her ▁chosen ▁field ▁of ▁sculpt ure ▁during ▁the ▁era ▁in ▁which ▁she ▁worked ▁and ▁lived . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁At ▁an ▁und et erm ined ▁date ▁– ▁probably ▁around ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁– ▁Col inet ▁em igr ated ▁to ▁Paris , ▁France , ▁where ▁she ▁studied ▁sculpt ure ▁under ▁the ▁watch ful ▁eye ▁of ▁J ef ▁Lam be aux ▁and ▁exhib ited ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁at ▁the ▁Sal on ▁des ▁Art istes ▁Fran ca is ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 3 ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁permanent ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁organization ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 9 . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁to ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁she ▁exhib ited ▁at ▁the ▁Sal on ▁des ▁Independ ents ▁in ▁Paris ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁Union ▁of ▁Women ▁P ain ters ▁and ▁S cul pt ors . ▁Col inet ' s ▁work ▁is ▁primarily ▁done ▁in ▁the ▁Art ▁Dec o ▁style , ▁and ▁her ▁models ▁included ▁od alis ques , ▁ex otic ▁d anc ers , ▁jug gl ers ▁and ▁artists ▁of ▁cab aret . ▁ ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁her ▁female ▁dan cer ▁pieces ▁were ▁influenced ▁by ▁a ▁rev ival ▁of ▁the ▁Oriental ism ▁movement ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁popular ▁in ▁Europe ▁from ▁about ▁ 1 8 6 0 ▁to ▁ 1 8 8 0 . ▁ ▁Her ▁preferred ▁casting ▁material ▁was ▁bronze ; ▁however , ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁her ▁most ▁distinguished ▁sculpt ures ▁are |
▁ch ry se le ph antine , ▁being ▁a ▁combination ▁of ▁both ▁bronze ▁and ▁iv ory . ▁ ▁Col inet ' s ▁sculpt ure ▁has ▁become ▁highly ▁des irable ▁to ▁collect ors ▁and , ▁increasing ly , ▁is ▁s elling ▁for ▁ex or bit ant ▁sums . ▁At ▁a ▁Christ ie ' s ▁sale ▁on ▁ 4 ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁her ▁An k ara ▁Dan cer ▁statue ▁from ▁circa ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁sold ▁for ▁a ▁ham mer ▁price ▁of ▁$ 2 8 5 , 9 8 4 . ▁ ▁A ▁pl aster ▁version ▁of ▁her ▁S leep ▁of ▁N arc iss us ▁sold ▁at ▁S othe by ' s ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁for ▁£ 7 , 5 0 0 . ▁ ▁Death ▁Col inet ▁died ▁in ▁As ni ères - sur - Se ine , ▁a ▁sub urb ▁of ▁Paris , ▁France , ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Art ▁Dec o ▁sculpt ors ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Belg ian ▁sculpt ors ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁French ▁sculpt ors ▁Category : Art ists ▁from ▁Br uss els ▁Category : Art ists ▁from ▁Paris ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Br uss els ▁Category : 1 8 8 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 0 ▁death s <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁National ▁War ▁Dog ▁C emetery ▁is ▁a ▁mem orial ▁to ▁war ▁dogs ▁located ▁at ▁Naval ▁Base ▁Gu am . ▁The ▁c emetery |
▁hon ors ▁the ▁dogs — most ly ▁Do ber man ▁Pin sch ers — that ▁were ▁killed ▁in ▁service ▁with ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁Battle ▁of ▁Gu am ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁island ▁of ▁Gu am , ▁an ▁American ▁territory ▁since ▁ 1 8 9 8 , ▁was ▁captured ▁by ▁Japanese ▁forces ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 1 9 4 1 , ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁days ▁after ▁the ▁U . S . ▁entered ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁Gu am ▁was ▁held ▁by ▁the ▁Japanese ▁for ▁two ▁and ▁a ▁half ▁years , ▁until ▁U . S . ▁Mar ines ▁land ed ▁to ▁re take ▁the ▁island ▁in ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁Al ong ▁with ▁them ▁were ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁and ▁ 3 rd ▁War ▁Dog ▁Pl ato ons , ▁used ▁as ▁sent ries ▁and ▁sc outs ▁in ▁over ▁ 4 5 0 ▁pat rol s . ▁They ▁expl ored ▁the ▁island ' s ▁cave ▁system , ▁detected ▁land ▁mines ▁and ▁bo oby ▁tra ps , ▁and ▁guard ed ▁sleep ing ▁Mar ines . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁most ▁famous ▁incident , ▁a ▁Do ber man ▁named ▁C appy ▁saved ▁the ▁lives ▁of ▁ 2 5 0 ▁Mar ines ▁when ▁he ▁war ned ▁them ▁of ▁a ▁massive ▁Japanese ▁force ▁ahead . ▁C appy ▁was ▁badly ▁injured ▁in ▁the ▁en su ing ▁mort ar ▁attack , ▁along ▁with ▁his ▁handler , ▁P FC ▁Allen ▁Jacob son , ▁who ▁is ▁said ▁to |
▁have ▁refused ▁treatment ▁until ▁C appy ▁had ▁been ▁ev acu ated . ▁C appy ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁dogs ▁to ▁be ▁killed ▁in ▁action ▁on ▁Gu am . ▁Of ▁the ▁ 6 0 ▁Marine ▁war ▁dogs ▁that ▁land ed ▁on ▁Gu am , ▁ 2 5 ▁died ▁there ▁and ▁ 2 0 ▁more ▁were ▁wounded . ▁ ▁Monument ▁As ▁the ▁dogs ▁died ▁over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁battle , ▁they ▁were ▁buried ▁along ▁with ▁other ▁Mar ines ▁at ▁As an , ▁the ▁initial ▁landing ▁point ▁of ▁the ▁invasion . ▁White ▁head st ones ▁were ▁added ▁later , ▁forming ▁a ▁small ▁plot ▁in ▁the ▁c emetery . ▁The ▁human ▁remains ▁were ▁eventually ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁the ▁dogs ' ▁gra ves ▁had ▁been ▁largely ▁forgotten ▁and ▁were ▁over g rown ▁with ▁we eds . ▁William ▁Put ney , ▁who ▁had ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁command ing ▁officer ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁War ▁Dog ▁Pl ato on , ▁lo bb ied ▁for ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁a ▁mem orial ▁to ▁the ▁dogs ▁and ▁raised ▁funds ▁for ▁the ▁monument . ▁The ▁remains ▁and ▁markers ▁were ▁moved ▁to ▁a ▁new ▁c emetery ▁on ▁the ▁naval ▁base ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁created ▁by ▁a ▁Se ab ee ▁det achment ▁from ▁N MC B ▁ 1 . The ▁mem orial ▁was ▁dedicated ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁the ▁ 5 0 th ▁anni versary ▁of ▁the ▁battle |
. ▁ ▁The ▁sculpt ure ▁at op ▁the ▁mem orial ▁dep ict s ▁the ▁famous ▁Do ber man , ▁C appy . ▁Ent itled ▁" Al ways ▁Fa ith ful ", ▁in ▁reference ▁to ▁the ▁Marine ▁Corps ' ▁own ▁mot to , ▁Sem per ▁F idel is , ▁it ▁was ▁created ▁by ▁California ▁sculpt or ▁Susan ▁Bah ary . ▁ ▁Other ▁mem orial s ▁Fort ▁Ben ning ▁has ▁a ▁mem orial ▁to ▁war ▁dogs ▁at ▁the ▁National ▁Infantry ▁Museum , ▁installed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁An ▁identical ▁sculpt ure ▁is ▁at ▁March ▁Air ▁Force ▁Base ▁in ▁R ivers ide , ▁California . ▁ ▁Rep lic as ▁of ▁the ▁Gu am ▁mem orial ▁were ▁installed ▁at ▁the ▁following ▁locations : ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁— ▁University ▁of ▁Tennessee ' s ▁College ▁of ▁V eter inary ▁Medicine ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁— ▁Alfred ▁M . ▁Gray ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁Research ▁Center , ▁the ▁university ▁and ▁conference ▁center ▁for ▁the ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁in ▁Quant ico , ▁Virginia ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁— ▁Cent enn ial ▁Garden ▁at ▁A ub urn ▁University ▁College ▁of ▁V eter inary ▁Medicine , ▁A ub urn ▁Alabama ▁A K C ▁Museum ▁of ▁the ▁Dog ▁in ▁St . ▁Louis , ▁Missouri ▁▁ ▁John ▁Burn am , ▁a ▁dog ▁handler ▁during ▁the ▁Vietnam ▁War , ▁successfully ▁raised ▁funds ▁for ▁the ▁Military ▁Working ▁Dog ▁Teams ▁National ▁Monument ▁at ▁L ack land ▁Air ▁Force ▁Base , ▁where ▁military ▁dogs ▁have ▁been ▁trained ▁since ▁ 1 9 5 8 . ▁ |
▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 4 ▁in ▁Gu am ▁Category : History ▁of ▁Gu am ▁Category : World ▁War ▁II ▁mem orial s ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁Gu am ▁Category : D og ▁monuments ▁Category : 1 9 9 4 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Gu am ▁Category : Anim als ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁mem orial s <0x0A> </s> ▁P ender ry ▁() ▁is ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁an ▁elect oral ▁w ard ▁and ▁a ▁community ▁in ▁the ▁City ▁and ▁County ▁of ▁Sw anse a , ▁Wales , ▁UK . ▁ ▁P ender ry ▁does ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁community ▁council . ▁ ▁P ender ry ▁is ▁border ed ▁by ▁the ▁w ards ▁of ▁M yn y dd - B ach ▁to ▁the ▁east ; ▁C ock ett ▁and ▁C w mb wr la ▁to ▁the ▁south ; ▁and ▁Kings bridge , ▁Pen ll er ga er ▁and ▁L lang y fel ach ▁to ▁the ▁north . ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁purposes ▁of ▁local ▁council ▁elections , ▁the ▁w ard ▁is ▁divided ▁up ▁into ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁pol ling ▁districts , ▁which ▁are : ▁Bla en - y - Ma es , ▁Ca ere ith in , ▁M yn y dd ▁Cad le , ▁Pen lan ▁West , ▁Pen lan ▁East ▁and ▁Cl w yd . ▁ ▁P ender ry ▁returns ▁three ▁coun c ill ors ▁to ▁the ▁local ▁council . ▁ ▁The ▁current ▁coun c |
ill ors ▁representing ▁P ender ry ▁are : ▁June ▁B urt ons h aw ▁( Lab our ), ▁D ore en ▁Jones ▁( Lab our ) ▁and ▁Gren ville ▁Phill ips ▁( Lab our ). ▁ ▁The ▁elect oral ▁w ard ▁consists ▁of ▁some ▁or ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁following ▁ge ographical ▁areas : ▁ ▁Pen lan , ▁Port me ad , ▁Bla en - y - Ma es , ▁F for est hall ▁and ▁Ca ere ith in , ▁in ▁the ▁parliament ary ▁constitu ency ▁of ▁Sw anse a ▁East . ▁ ▁The ▁w ard ▁consists ▁of ▁mainly ▁sub urban ▁resident ial ▁areas . ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁local ▁council ▁elections ▁The ▁turn out ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁local ▁council ▁elections ▁in ▁P ender ry ▁was ▁ 2 2 . 2 3 %. ▁ ▁The ▁results ▁were : ▁ ▁District s ▁ ▁Pen lan ▁Pen lan ▁is ▁the ▁largest ▁area ▁in ▁the ▁centre ▁of ▁the ▁w ard . ▁ ▁Bla en - y - Ma es ▁Bla en - y - Ma es ▁is ▁an ▁area ▁to ▁the ▁west ▁of ▁the ▁w ard . ▁ ▁Category : Sw anse a ▁elect oral ▁w ards ▁Category : Comm un ities ▁in ▁Sw anse a <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁R if le ▁Division ▁was ▁raised ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁as ▁an ▁inf antry ▁division ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁Army , ▁and ▁served ▁for ▁the ▁duration ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁Patri otic ▁War ▁in ▁that ▁role . ▁It |
▁began ▁forming ▁in ▁August , ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁in ▁the ▁Ur als ▁Military ▁District . ▁It ▁reached ▁the ▁fighting ▁front ▁in ▁December , ▁coming ▁under ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 9 th ▁Army ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁the ▁R z he v ▁sal ient ▁and ▁it ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁blo ody ▁and ▁trag ic ▁batt les ▁for ▁this ▁heavily - fort ified ▁position ▁until ▁March , ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁mostly ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army . ▁Following ▁the ▁German ▁ev acu ation ▁of ▁the ▁sal ient ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁got ▁a ▁brief ▁spell ▁in ▁reserve ▁before ▁being ▁re ass igned ▁to ▁Vor one zh ▁Front ▁in ▁the ▁bu il dup ▁to ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Kur sk . ▁When ▁the ▁off ensive ▁began ▁it ▁held ▁a ▁cru cial ▁sector ▁on ▁the ▁extreme ▁left ▁fl ank ▁of ▁ 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army ▁where ▁the ▁II ▁SS ▁Pan zer ▁Corps ▁attempted ▁to ▁break ▁through ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁sal ient . ▁Following ▁the ▁German ▁defeat ▁the ▁division ▁joined ▁in ▁the ▁counter off ensive ▁towards ▁Kh ark ov ▁in ▁August ▁and ▁won ▁its ▁first ▁battle ▁honor . ▁It ▁continued ▁to ▁advance ▁through ▁Ukraine ▁and ▁into ▁Roman ia ▁over ▁the ▁next ▁eight ▁months , ▁being ▁brought ▁to ▁a ▁halt ▁east ▁of ▁I a și ▁in ▁the ▁spring ▁of ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁In ▁late ▁August ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁and ▁ 3 rd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front s ▁cr ushed ▁the ▁def ending ▁German |
▁and ▁Roman ian ▁forces , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁last ▁day ▁of ▁the ▁month ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁played ▁a ▁leading ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁capture ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ian ▁capital , ▁Buch ar est ; ▁it ▁won ▁its ▁second ▁battle ▁honor ▁and ▁two ▁of ▁its ▁rif le ▁reg iments ▁were ▁awarded ▁decor ations . ▁For ▁the ▁duration ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁the ▁division ▁fought ▁its ▁way ▁through ▁Roman ia ▁and ▁Hung ary , ▁finally ▁adv ancing ▁into ▁Austria ▁with ▁ 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army . ▁Its ▁record ▁of ▁ad mi rable ▁service ▁was ▁c apped ▁with ▁the ▁award ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁B anner ▁soon ▁following ▁the ▁German ▁surrender , ▁but ▁it ▁was ▁never theless ▁dis band ed ▁shortly ▁there after . ▁ ▁Form ation ▁Like ▁the ▁ 3 7 3 rd ▁R if le ▁Division , ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁began ▁forming ▁in ▁August , ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁in ▁the ▁Ur als ▁Military ▁District ▁at ▁Kam y sh lov ▁in ▁the ▁Sver d lov sk ▁O blast , ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁w art ime ▁s ht at ▁( table ▁of ▁organization ▁and ▁equipment ) ▁for ▁rif le ▁divisions . ▁Its ▁order ▁of ▁battle ▁was ▁as ▁follows : ▁▁ 1 2 4 1 st ▁R if le ▁Regiment ▁▁▁ 1 2 4 3 rd ▁R if le ▁Regiment ▁▁▁ 1 2 4 5 th ▁R if le ▁Regiment ▁▁▁ 9 3 2 nd ▁Art illery ▁Regiment ▁▁ 2 4 4 th ▁Ant it ank ▁Battalion |
▁( from ▁May ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 2 ) ▁▁▁ 4 3 1 st ▁Re con na issance ▁Company ▁▁▁ 4 3 6 th ▁S apper ▁Battalion ▁▁▁ 8 2 0 th ▁Sign al ▁Battalion ▁( l ater ▁ 8 4 th ▁Sign al ▁Company ) ▁▁▁ 4 5 4 th ▁Medical / San itation ▁Battalion ▁▁▁ 4 4 7 th ▁Chem ical ▁Prote ction ▁( Ant i - gas ) ▁Company ▁▁▁ 4 8 4 th ▁Motor ▁Transport ▁Company ▁▁▁ 2 2 3 rd ▁Field ▁Bak ery ▁▁▁ 7 9 2 nd ▁Div is ional ▁V eter inary ▁Hospital ▁▁▁ 1 4 4 3 rd ▁Field ▁Post al ▁Station ▁▁▁ 7 4 2 nd ▁Field ▁Office ▁of ▁the ▁State ▁Bank ▁Maj . ▁Gen . ▁Vas il ii ▁Gr ig ore v ich ▁Vor ont so v ▁was ▁assigned ▁to ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁division ▁on ▁September ▁ 1 , ▁and ▁he ▁would ▁remain ▁in ▁this ▁post ▁until ▁February ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁The ▁division ▁was ▁briefly ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 8 th ▁Reserve ▁Army ▁in ▁November , ▁but ▁when ▁it ▁arrived ▁at ▁the ▁front ▁in ▁late ▁December ▁it ▁came ▁under ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 9 th ▁Army ▁in ▁Kal in in ▁Front . ▁ ▁Batt les ▁for ▁R z he v ▁The ▁Sy chev ka - V y asma ▁Off ensive ▁Operation , ▁which ▁was ▁planned ▁" to ▁enc irc le , ▁and ▁then ▁capture ▁or ▁destroy ▁the ▁enemy ' s |
▁entire ▁Moz h ais k ▁- ▁G z hat sk ▁- ▁V y asma ▁grouping ", ▁began ▁the ▁fighting ▁for ▁what ▁later ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁R z he v ▁sal ient . ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 1 9 4 2 , ▁ 2 9 th ▁Army ▁entered ▁a ▁bre ach ▁created ▁by ▁ 3 9 th ▁Army ▁in ▁the ▁German ▁positions ▁west ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁and ▁began ▁adv ancing ▁in ▁its ▁direction . ▁However , ▁at ▁some ▁point ▁in ▁January ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁transferred ▁to ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army ▁and ▁so ▁avoided ▁the ▁fate ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 9 th , ▁which ▁was ▁enc irc led ▁and ▁mostly ▁destroyed ▁in ▁February . ▁After ▁a ▁complex ▁re group ing ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army ▁began ▁attack ing ▁south wards , ▁west ▁of ▁R z he v , ▁before ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁January ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁join ▁up ▁with ▁the ▁ 2 9 th . ▁During ▁February ▁and ▁March ▁the ▁ 3 0 th ▁was ▁ordered ▁into ▁repeated ▁attacks ▁to ▁help ▁eliminate ▁the ▁German ▁grouping ▁around ▁O len ino , ▁with ▁little ▁success . ▁On ▁February ▁ 2 8 ▁Maj . ▁Gen . ▁Nikol ai ▁Aleks and rov ich ▁S ok ol ov ▁took ▁over ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁division ▁from ▁General ▁Vor ont so v . ▁ ▁First ▁R z he v – S ych y ov ka ▁Off ensive ▁Operation ▁According ▁to ▁S TA V K A ▁High ▁Command ▁Direct ive ▁No . ▁ |
1 7 0 1 8 2 ▁to ▁the ▁commander ▁of ▁Kal in in ▁Front , ▁dated ▁March ▁ 2 2 : As ▁of ▁May ▁ 1 ▁the ▁division ▁was ▁held ▁in ▁Kal in in ▁Front ▁res erves , ▁where ▁it ▁remained ▁as ▁of ▁June ▁ 1 ; ▁by ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁July ▁it ▁was ▁back ▁in ▁the ▁lines ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁ 5 8 th ▁Army , ▁still ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁Front . ▁ ▁The ▁new ▁off ensive , ▁which ▁began ▁on ▁July ▁ 3 0 ▁on ▁Kal in in ▁Front ' s ▁sector , ▁did ▁not ▁include ▁ 5 8 th ▁Army . ▁On ▁August ▁ 1 ▁the ▁Army ▁only ▁had ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Div isions ▁under ▁command , ▁and ▁was ▁dis band ed ▁later ▁in ▁the ▁month , ▁at ▁which ▁point ▁the ▁division ▁rejo ined ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army , ▁which ▁was ▁now ▁in ▁Western ▁Front ▁but ▁still ▁operating ▁north ▁of ▁R z he v . ▁The ▁off ensive ▁had ▁begun ▁in ▁a ▁prom ising ▁manner ▁for ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army , ▁which ▁broke ▁through ▁on ▁a ▁ 9 ▁km ▁front ▁to ▁a ▁depth ▁of ▁ 6 ▁- ▁ 7 ▁km ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁day . ▁Then ▁heavy ▁ra ins ▁began ▁and ▁continued ▁for ▁several ▁days ▁which ▁caused ▁the ▁attack ▁to ▁literally ▁bog ▁down ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁Pol un ino , ▁north ▁of ▁R z he v . ▁The ▁arrival ▁of ▁fresh ▁forces , |
▁including ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th , ▁allowed ▁the ▁Army ▁to ▁finally ▁take ▁Pol un ino ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 1 ▁and ▁then ▁to ▁plan ▁a ▁new ▁attempt ▁to ▁take ▁R z he v ▁in ▁co operation ▁with ▁the ▁re built ▁ 2 9 th ▁Army . ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 5 / 2 6 ▁the ▁ 3 0 th ▁reached ▁the ▁Vol ga ▁ 5 ▁to ▁ 6 ▁km ▁west ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁ 2 9 th ▁established ▁a ▁bridge head ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁bank , ▁but ▁over ▁the ▁following ▁weeks ▁was ▁unable ▁to ▁actually ▁capture ▁and ▁clear ▁R z he v . ▁During ▁August ▁the ▁Army ▁lost ▁more ▁than ▁ 8 0 , 0 0 0 ▁men ▁in ▁this ▁fighting . ▁Through ▁September ▁repeated ▁attacks ▁gained ▁several ▁blocks ▁in ▁the ▁n ortheast ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁at ▁the ▁cost ▁of ▁nearly ▁ 2 0 , 0 0 0 ▁more ▁cas ual ties . ▁On ▁October ▁ 1 , ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army ▁finally ▁went ▁over ▁to ▁the ▁defense . ▁ ▁Operation ▁Mars ▁On ▁October ▁ 4 ▁General ▁S ok ol ov ▁died ▁of ▁an ▁un st ated ▁ill ness . ▁He ▁was ▁replaced ▁two ▁days ▁later ▁by ▁Col . ▁Py otr ▁D mit rie v ich ▁G ov or un en ko , ▁who ▁would ▁remain ▁in ▁command ▁until ▁December ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 4 3 . ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁very ▁heavy ▁losses ▁it ▁had ▁suffered ▁in ▁the ▁summer ▁fighting ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army |
▁was ▁not ▁given ▁an ▁off ensive ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁Second ▁R z he v – S ych y ov ka ▁Off ensive ▁Operation ▁( Operation ▁Mars ). ▁However ▁in ▁the ▁last ▁stages ▁of ▁the ▁off ensive , ▁after ▁the ▁Red ▁Army ▁attacks ▁had ▁failed ▁on ▁all ▁other ▁se ctors , ▁the ▁ 3 9 th ▁Army ▁was ▁still ▁making ▁limited ▁g ains ▁in ▁its ▁di version ary ▁efforts ▁in ▁the ▁Mol od oi ▁T ud ▁sector ▁n ortheast ▁of ▁O len ino . ▁By ▁the ▁second ▁week ▁of ▁December ▁Gen . ▁G . ▁K . ▁Zh uk ov ▁was ▁looking ▁for ▁any ▁success ▁anywhere ▁in ▁his ▁col laps ing ▁off ensive ▁and ▁on ▁December ▁ 8 ▁ordered ▁his ▁ 3 9 th ▁and ▁ 3 0 th ▁Arm ies ▁once ▁again ▁to ▁cr ush ▁the ▁enemy ▁O len ino ▁grouping , ▁while ▁the ▁ 3 0 th ▁was ▁also ▁to ▁break ▁through ▁on ▁a ▁sector ▁from ▁K osh k ino ▁to ▁Burg ovo ▁and ▁capture ▁R z he v ▁by ▁the ▁ 2 3 rd . ▁In ▁prepar ation ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th , ▁with ▁the ▁ 3 8 0 th ▁and ▁ 2 2 0 th ▁R if le ▁Div isions ▁in ▁support , ▁p ounded ▁the ▁German ▁def enses ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁Vol ga . ▁From ▁December ▁ 9 ▁to ▁ 1 2 ▁this ▁effort ▁failed ▁to ▁make ▁any ▁progress , ▁while ▁ 3 9 th ▁Army ▁had ▁gained ▁some ▁ground ▁near ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Gon ch uki . |
▁Therefore ▁the ▁ 2 2 0 th ▁and ▁ 1 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Div isions ▁were ▁transferred ▁to ▁this ▁sector , ▁bringing ▁the ▁attacks ▁from ▁the ▁Vol ga ▁bridge head s ▁to ▁an ▁effective ▁halt . ▁Meanwhile ▁German ▁counter att acks ▁had ▁cut ▁off ▁a ▁large ▁Soviet ▁mobile ▁group ▁south ▁of ▁Gon ch uki ▁and ▁late ▁on ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁also ▁moved ▁west ward ▁to ▁help ▁restore ▁the ▁situation . ▁On ▁the ▁next ▁day ▁the ▁division , ▁joined ▁by ▁the ▁ 3 8 0 th , ▁the ▁ 4 9 th ▁Mechan ized ▁Brigade , ▁plus ▁several ▁tank ▁brig ades ▁and ▁reg iments , ▁struck ▁the ▁def enses ▁of ▁the ▁German ▁ 8 7 th ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁between ▁K osh k ino ▁and ▁Burg ovo . ▁While ▁the ▁t anks ▁managed ▁to ▁pen et rate ▁the ▁forward ▁line ▁in ▁several ▁places , ▁enemy ▁fire ▁separated ▁the ▁inf antry ▁support , ▁leading ▁to ▁just ▁minor ▁g ains . ▁In ten se ▁fighting ▁continued ▁until ▁December ▁ 1 7 , ▁with ▁the ▁" dam aged " ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁being ▁shift ed ▁to ▁the ▁Gon ch uki ▁sector . ▁Finally ▁General ▁Zh uk ov ▁ordered ▁this ▁last ▁g asp ▁of ▁Operation ▁Mars ▁to ▁stop ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 3 . ▁ ▁Battle ▁of ▁Kur sk ▁On ▁the ▁first ▁day ▁of ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁remained ▁part ▁of ▁ 3 0 th ▁Army ▁in |
▁Western ▁Front ▁but ▁this ▁would ▁soon ▁change . ▁At ▁this ▁time ▁soon - to - be ▁Marsh al ▁Zh uk ov ▁was ▁planning ▁Operation ▁Poly arn aya ▁Z vez da , ▁an ▁am bit ious ▁plan ▁to ▁drive ▁Army ▁Group ▁North ▁away ▁from ▁L ening rad . ▁Under ▁S TA V K A ▁Order ▁No . ▁ 4 6 0 2 6 ▁of ▁January ▁ 3 1 , ▁the ▁division ▁is ▁listed ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁ten ▁to ▁be ▁re deploy ed ▁to ▁North western ▁Front . ▁Before ▁this ▁could ▁get ▁under way , ▁on ▁February ▁ 5 ▁S TA V K A ▁issued ▁a ▁new ▁directive ▁to ▁establish ▁the ▁Central ▁Front ▁by ▁February ▁ 1 5 ▁under ▁command ▁of ▁Col . ▁Gen . ▁K . ▁K . ▁R ok os so v ski , ▁with ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁rif le ▁divisions ▁assigned . ▁Within ▁days ▁it ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁Army , ▁and ▁by ▁February ▁ 2 3 ▁it ▁was ▁un loaded ▁from ▁its ▁trains ▁and ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁Kal in ino ▁region ▁about ▁ 1 5 ▁km ▁east ▁of ▁Liv ny . ▁ ▁The ▁S TA V K A ▁issued ▁a ▁directive ▁on ▁March ▁ 7 ▁for ▁a ▁combined ▁off ensive ▁by ▁Central , ▁B ri ansk ▁and ▁Western ▁Front s ▁in ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁O ry ol . ▁R ok os so v ski ▁ordered ▁four ▁divisions ▁of ▁ 2 1 st ▁Army , ▁including ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 |
th , ▁to ▁begin ▁to ▁advance ▁on ▁March ▁ 1 0 , ▁in ▁co operation ▁with ▁the ▁new ▁ 7 0 th ▁Army . ▁By ▁this ▁time , ▁however , ▁the ▁German ▁ 2 nd ▁and ▁ 2 nd ▁Pan zer ▁Arm ies ▁were ▁reg aining ▁their ▁balance ▁and ▁starting ▁to ▁cover ▁the ▁massive ▁gap ▁in ▁the ▁front . ▁ 2 1 st ▁Army ▁reached ▁the ▁F ate zh ▁area ▁by ▁the ▁ 1 1 th , ▁but ▁by ▁now ▁news ▁was ▁arriv ing ▁that ▁Army ▁Group ▁South ' s ▁off ensive ▁against ▁Vor one zh ▁Front ▁was ▁threaten ing ▁to ▁re take ▁Kh ark ov , ▁and ▁the ▁Army ▁was ▁redirect ed ▁to ▁the ▁south ▁to ▁join ▁that ▁Front . ▁ 2 1 st ▁Army ▁was ▁red es ign ated ▁as ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 6 , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁month ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁would ▁be ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁new ▁ 2 3 rd ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Corps . ▁ ▁Operation ▁Cit adel ▁In ▁the ▁bu il dup ▁to ▁the ▁German ▁summer ▁off ensive , ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁given ▁a ▁particularly ▁challeng ing ▁task ; ▁it ▁formed ▁the ▁left ▁fl ank ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁e ch el on ▁of ▁ 6 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army , ▁t ying ▁in ▁with ▁the ▁right ▁fl ank ▁ 8 1 st ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Division ▁of ▁ 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army . ▁Since |
▁unit ▁boundaries ▁are ▁usually ▁seen ▁as ▁weak ▁points ▁in ▁any ▁defense , ▁the ▁Front ▁commander , ▁Army ▁Gen . ▁N . ▁F . ▁V at ut in , ▁aim ed ▁to ▁turn ▁this ▁to ▁his ▁advantage ▁by ▁heavily ▁fort ifying ▁and ▁rein for cing ▁the ▁two ▁fl ank ▁divisions ▁in ▁anticip ation ▁of ▁the ▁enemy ▁attack . ▁They ▁were ▁deployed ▁with ▁sw amp y ▁terrain , ▁the ▁confl u ence ▁of ▁the ▁Northern ▁and ▁Lip ovy i ▁Don ets ▁R ivers , ▁in ▁their ▁rear , ▁and ▁by ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁off ensive ▁had ▁ 1 9 - 2 3 ▁art illery ▁pieces ▁( 7 6 mm ▁cal ib re ▁or ▁larger ) ▁per ▁kilomet re , ▁greater ▁than ▁any ▁other ▁sector ▁of ▁the ▁front . ▁And ▁the ▁entire ▁boundary ▁was ▁back sto pped ▁by ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army ▁in ▁third ▁e ch el on . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁anticip ated ▁attack ▁grew ▁closer , ▁the ▁Soviet ▁forces ▁became ▁des perate ▁for ▁hard ▁information ▁on ▁the ▁start ▁date . ▁Re con na issance ▁pat rol s ▁were ▁sent ▁out ▁by ▁all ▁the ▁front - line ▁divisions , ▁without ▁results . ▁Finally , ▁before ▁no on ▁on ▁July ▁ 4 , ▁word ▁came ▁up ▁the ▁line ▁of ▁communic ations ▁that ▁a ▁pat rol ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁had ▁captured ▁a ▁combat ▁engineer ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 8 th ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁who ▁was ▁lif ting ▁mines ▁between ▁the ▁front ▁lines , ▁and ▁revealed ▁that ▁his ▁division ▁was ▁to ▁go |
▁on ▁the ▁off ensive ▁on ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁July ▁ 5 . ▁He ▁also ▁stated ▁he ▁had ▁seen ▁many ▁t anks ▁in ▁Belg or od . ▁ ▁On ▁July ▁ 5 , ▁the ▁first ▁day ▁of ▁the ▁off ensive , ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁faced ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁SS ▁Pan zer ▁Division ▁of ▁II ▁SS ▁Pan zer ▁Corps . ▁Despite ▁the ▁German ▁objective ▁to ▁" cr ush " ▁the ▁Soviet ▁def enses ▁and ▁se ize ▁cross ings ▁over ▁the ▁Lip ovy i ▁Don ets , ▁V at ut in ' s ▁plan ▁was ▁working : ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁SS ▁made ▁almost ▁no ▁progress ▁while ▁the ▁division ▁continued ▁to ▁hold ▁its ▁deeply ▁fort ified ▁positions . ▁Among ▁other ▁assets ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁had ▁a ▁pl ato on ▁of ▁tank - h un ting ▁dogs ▁attached , ▁but ▁had ▁no ▁opportunity ▁to ▁deploy ▁them . ▁On ▁the ▁second ▁day ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁SS ▁again ▁struck ▁the ▁division ' s ▁positions ▁beginning ▁at ▁ 0 6 0 0 ▁hours ▁but ▁made ▁few ▁g ains ▁while ▁the ▁remainder ▁of ▁the ▁Pan zer ▁Corps ▁advanced ▁as ▁much ▁as ▁ 2 0 ▁km ▁on ▁the ▁Pro k hor ov ka ▁axis . ▁In ▁order ▁to ▁stem ▁this ▁advance ▁General ▁V at ut in ▁proposed ▁a ▁counter att ack ▁to ▁begin ▁on ▁July ▁ 8 ▁and ▁to ▁involve ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁and ▁many ▁other ▁forces , ▁specifically ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁T ank ▁Army , ▁but ▁this ▁was ▁prem |
ature ▁and ▁never ▁actually ▁took ▁place . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁SS ▁p anz ers ▁continued ▁to ▁push ▁towards ▁Pro k hor ov ka ▁and ▁Army ▁Det achment ▁K emp f ▁began ▁developing ▁its ▁advance ▁against ▁ 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army ▁in ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁Mel ikh ovo ▁on ▁July ▁ 9 , ▁V at ut in ▁became ▁concerned ▁that ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army ▁could ▁become ▁enc irc led , ▁and ▁before ▁no on ▁ordered ▁several ▁divisions , ▁including ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th , ▁to ▁rein force ▁that ▁Army ▁along ▁with ▁several ▁art illery ▁units ▁and ▁maintain ▁the ▁defense ▁of ▁the ▁Kor och a ▁axis . ▁The ▁ 3 5 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Corps , ▁which ▁had ▁only ▁been ▁formed ▁in ▁the ▁past ▁few ▁weeks , ▁took ▁both ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁and ▁the ▁ 8 1 st ▁Gu ards ▁under ▁command . ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁day ▁the ▁enemy ▁began ▁closing ▁a ▁ring ▁around ▁the ▁two ▁divisions , ▁plus ▁two ▁reg iments ▁of ▁ 9 2 nd ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Division , ▁and ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army ▁was ▁forced ▁at ▁ 2 2 0 0 ▁hours ▁to ▁begin ▁withdraw ing ▁these ▁forces ▁to ▁new ▁lines . ▁At ▁ 0 1 4 5 ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 0 ▁Colonel ▁G ov or un en ko ▁received ▁the ▁following ▁c oded ▁tele gram : The ▁sector ▁now ▁occupied ▁by ▁the ▁division ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁Army - level ▁def ensive ▁bel |
t ▁created ▁during ▁the ▁spring . ▁These ▁reserve ▁positions ▁were ▁important ▁for ▁both ▁maintain ing ▁the ▁physical ▁defense ▁but ▁also ▁the ▁psych ological ▁defense ▁in ▁that ▁the ▁cont ingen cies ▁had ▁been ▁anticip ated . ▁A ▁further ▁order ▁issued ▁at ▁ 2 3 3 0 ▁hours ▁with d rew ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁into ▁the ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army ▁reserve . ▁ ▁As ▁this ▁withdraw al ▁was ▁taking ▁place ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 6 th ▁Pan zer ▁Division ▁was ▁finally ▁able ▁to ▁push ▁beyond ▁Mel ikh ovo ▁and ▁by ▁that ▁night ▁seized ▁a ▁bridge head ▁over ▁the ▁Northern ▁Don ets ▁at ▁R z hav ets . ▁This ▁advance ▁threatened ▁the ▁potential ▁enc irc lement ▁of ▁the ▁ 4 8 th ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁of ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army . ▁The ▁Corps ▁leadership ▁react ed ▁quickly ▁and ▁already ▁at ▁ 2 2 4 5 ▁hours ▁Colonel ▁G ov or un en ko ▁was ▁ordered ▁to ▁send ▁one ▁batt alion ▁with ▁two ▁ant it ank ▁guns ▁to ▁Ry nd ink a ▁" in ▁order ▁to ▁cover ▁Sh akh ovo ▁from ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁Kur ak ova ▁and ▁R z hav ets ." ▁By ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁it ▁appeared ▁that ▁K emp f ' s ▁III ▁Pan zer ▁Corps ▁could ▁be ▁breaking ▁through ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army ▁into ▁the ▁rear ▁of ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁Gu ards ▁T ank ▁Army ▁at ▁Pro k hor ov ka ▁and ▁G ov or un en |
ko ▁was ▁directed ▁to ▁commit ▁one ▁rif le ▁regiment ▁to ▁a ▁composite ▁force ▁to ▁liquid ate ▁the ▁break through . ▁ 1 1 th ▁Gu ards ▁Mechan ized ▁Brigade ▁attacked ▁Ry nd ink a ▁from ▁the ▁north ▁while ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁and ▁ 2 nd ▁Batt al ions ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 2 4 3 rd ▁Regiment ▁held ▁def ensive ▁positions ▁sout heast ▁of ▁Sh akh ovo ▁and ▁supported ▁the ▁attack ▁with ▁fire . ▁ ▁By ▁this ▁time ▁it ▁was ▁clear ▁that ▁the ▁plan ▁for ▁Operation ▁Cit adel ▁had ▁failed , ▁and ▁the ▁forces ▁of ▁Army ▁Group ▁South ▁would ▁have ▁to ▁retre at . ▁However , ▁ 4 8 th ▁Corps , ▁cl ing ing ▁to ▁its ▁small ▁piece ▁of ▁ground ▁between ▁the ▁Northern ▁and ▁Lip ovy i ▁Don ets , ▁was ▁still ▁highly ▁vulner able ▁to ▁enc irc lement . ▁El imin ating ▁the ▁Corps ▁would ▁be ▁a ▁cons olation ▁prize ▁for ▁the ▁Germ ans ▁and ▁would ▁secure ▁a ▁bas eline ▁for ▁the ▁in ev itable ▁withdraw al . ▁As ▁of ▁July ▁ 1 0 ▁the ▁ 4 8 th ▁Corps ▁had ▁about ▁ 4 0 , 0 0 0 ▁personnel ▁under ▁command , ▁but ▁by ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁had ▁suffered ▁considerable ▁losses , ▁especially ▁in ▁the ▁ant it ank ▁forces ▁that ▁faced ▁ 4 th ▁Pan zer ▁Army ▁and ▁III ▁Pan zer ▁Corps . ▁These ▁German ▁divisions ▁launched ▁conver ging ▁attacks ▁on ▁the ▁night ▁of ▁July ▁ 1 3 / 1 4 . ▁The ▁ |
3 7 5 th ▁with ▁the ▁ 1 8 3 rd ▁were ▁holding ▁the ▁area ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁Bel en ikh ino ▁Station . ▁On ▁the ▁evening ▁of ▁July ▁ 1 4 ▁the ▁situation ▁of ▁ 4 8 th ▁Corps ▁had ▁become ▁critical ; ▁it ▁was ▁mostly ▁enc irc led , ▁was ▁suffering ▁short ages ▁of ▁am mun ition ▁and ▁ant it ank ▁weapons , ▁and ▁communic ations ▁with ▁higher ▁headquarters ▁were ▁being ▁contin ually ▁interrupted . ▁By ▁dawn ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 5 ▁the ▁pocket ▁was ▁closed ▁but ▁not ▁solid ly ; ▁four ▁Soviet ▁divisions , ▁including ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th , ▁plus ▁rein for c ements ▁were ▁lo os ely ▁held ▁in ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁ 1 2 6 ▁square ▁kilometres . ▁ ▁While ▁V at ut in ▁understood ▁the ▁situation ▁and ▁wished ▁to ▁maintain ▁the ▁position ▁of ▁the ▁ 4 8 th ▁Corps ▁as ▁a ▁spring board ▁for ▁a ▁counter off ensive , ▁he ▁didn ' t ▁have ▁enough ▁strength . ▁By ▁the ▁evening ▁of ▁July ▁ 1 4 ▁there ▁was ▁only ▁one ▁option : ▁to ▁withdraw ▁from ▁the ▁pocket ▁as ▁fast ▁as ▁possible . ▁This ▁did ▁not ▁go ▁without ▁comp lications , ▁in ▁particular ▁for ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th , ▁which ▁was ▁the ▁last ▁to ▁withdraw , ▁covering ▁the ▁other ▁divisions . ▁Colonel ▁G ov or un en ko ▁wrote : On ▁July ▁ 2 8 ▁the ▁division ▁reported ▁that ▁as ▁of ▁July ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 , 7 1 8 ▁of ▁its |
▁men ▁were ▁missing ▁in ▁action , ▁all ▁but ▁a ▁few ▁of ▁whom ▁were ▁killed ▁or ▁captured ▁in ▁the ▁break out . ▁As ▁of ▁August ▁ 1 ▁it ▁remained ▁in ▁ 4 8 th ▁Corps ▁of ▁ 6 9 th ▁Army , ▁which ▁was ▁now ▁under ▁command ▁of ▁Ste ppe ▁Front . ▁ ▁Operation ▁Rum y ant se v ▁The ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁sufficiently ▁re built ▁by ▁August ▁ 3 ▁to ▁be ▁able ▁to ▁take ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁Belg or od - K h ark ov ▁Off ensive ▁Operation ▁and ▁played ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁liber ation ▁of ▁both ▁of ▁those ▁cities , ▁being ▁awarded ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁as ▁a ▁battle ▁honor : By ▁September ▁ 1 ▁the ▁division ▁had ▁been ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁ 7 6 th ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁in ▁the ▁res erves ▁of ▁Ste ppe ▁Front . ▁On ▁the ▁same ▁date ▁Colonel ▁G ov or un en ko ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁major ▁general . ▁ ▁Adv ance ▁in ▁Ukraine ▁Later ▁in ▁the ▁month ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁again ▁re ass igned , ▁this ▁time ▁to ▁the ▁ 7 4 th ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁of ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army . ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁day ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 8 ▁much ▁of ▁this ▁Army ▁had ▁reached ▁the ▁east ▁bank ▁of ▁the ▁D nie pr ▁between ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁Ps y ol ▁River ▁and ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Dro bet sk ov ka . ▁On ▁the ▁following ▁day |
▁elements ▁of ▁the ▁Army ▁liber ated ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Kre men ch ug , ▁while ▁its ▁left - fl ank ▁forces ▁seized ▁K ry ach ok ▁Island ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁an ▁un named ▁island ▁at ▁marker ▁ 6 5 . 7 ▁and ▁ 6 0 . 9 . ▁On ▁the ▁night ▁of ▁September ▁ 3 0 / Oct ober ▁ 1 ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁forced ▁the ▁D nie pr ▁with ▁elements ▁of ▁two ▁rif le ▁divisions ▁and ▁took ▁a ▁small ▁bridge head ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁sout heast ▁of ▁Ch ikal ov ka , ▁which ▁was ▁fought ▁over ▁throughout ▁the ▁day . ▁The ▁fighting ▁for ▁this ▁bridge head ▁continued ▁over ▁the ▁next ▁few ▁days ▁as ▁further ▁forces ▁were ▁fer ried ▁across . ▁During ▁a ▁re group ing ▁on ▁the ▁night ▁of ▁October ▁ 5 / 6 ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁U sp ens ko ye ▁was ▁transferred ▁from ▁ 3 7 th ▁Army ▁to ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd . ▁ ▁On ▁October ▁ 2 0 ▁Ste ppe ▁Front ▁became ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front . ▁By ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁month ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁had ▁been ▁re ass igned ▁to ▁the ▁ 7 5 th ▁R if le ▁Corps , ▁still ▁in ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army . ▁By ▁November ▁ 1 2 ▁part ▁of ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁bridge head ▁in ▁the ▁D ne prod zer z hin sk ▁area , ▁while ▁the ▁remainder ▁was ▁def ending ▁along ▁the ▁left ▁( east |
) ▁bank ▁of ▁the ▁D nie pr . ▁On ▁December ▁ 6 , ▁General ▁G ov or un en ko ▁was ▁wounded ▁in ▁action , ▁and ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁Col . ▁Py otr ▁Ivan ov ich ▁S vir id ov . ▁This ▁officer ▁was ▁in ▁turn ▁replaced ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 1 ▁by ▁Maj . ▁Gen . ▁Ak im ▁Vas ile v ich ▁Y ak sh in , ▁who ▁had ▁been ▁serving ▁as ▁commander ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 2 4 3 rd ▁R if le ▁Regiment . ▁In ▁the ▁bu il dup ▁to ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁K ors un – Ch erk ass y ▁P ocket ▁the ▁division ▁was ▁re ass igned ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁in ▁ 4 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army . ▁Prior ▁to ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁off ensive , ▁on ▁January ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁General ▁Y ash kin ▁was ▁removed ▁from ▁command ▁and ▁replaced ▁the ▁next ▁day ▁by ▁Col . ▁Nik ita ▁E f im ov ich ▁Ts yg ank ov . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁off ensive , ▁which ▁began ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 4 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army ▁formed ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁inner ▁ring ▁of ▁enc irc lement ▁around ▁the ▁tra pped ▁German ▁forces . ▁By ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁February ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁had ▁been ▁shift ed ▁yet ▁again , ▁now ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁of ▁the ▁same |
▁Army . ▁By ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁March ▁the ▁division ▁was ▁back ▁in ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army , ▁now ▁in ▁the ▁ 4 9 th ▁R if le ▁Corps , ▁and ▁would ▁remain ▁under ▁those ▁commands ▁for ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁year . ▁On ▁March ▁ 1 0 , ▁Maj . ▁Gen . ▁Vas il ii ▁D mit rie v ich ▁Kar p uk hin ▁took ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th , ▁and ▁would ▁remain ▁in ▁this ▁position ▁for ▁the ▁duration ▁of ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁First ▁J ass y - K ish ine v ▁Off ensive ▁By ▁April ▁ 1 , ▁after ▁adv ancing ▁through ▁western ▁Ukraine , ▁ 2 nd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front ▁was ▁beginning ▁to ▁reach ▁the ▁D ni estr ▁River . ▁The ▁ 2 1 st ▁Gu ards ▁Corps , ▁supported ▁on ▁the ▁left ▁by ▁ 4 9 th ▁Corps , ▁crossed ▁the ▁river ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 ▁and ▁ 2 ▁and ▁began ▁adv ancing ▁against ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁Pan zer ▁Division ' s ▁bridge head ▁def enses ▁north ▁of ▁Sus len i ▁from ▁the ▁n ortheast ▁and ▁east . ▁While ▁this ▁advance ▁continued ▁the ▁ 4 9 th ▁Corps ▁attacked ▁ 3 rd ▁Pan zer ' s ▁right ▁wing ▁through ▁April ▁ 4 ▁and ▁ 5 , ▁but ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁in ▁second ▁e ch el on ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Gu ards ▁Air bor ne ▁and ▁ 1 1 0 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if |
le ▁Div isions ▁and ▁did ▁not ▁see ▁much ▁of ▁this ▁fighting . ▁Sus len i ▁was ▁taken ▁on ▁April ▁ 7 , ▁which ▁drove ▁the ▁pan zer ▁troops ▁south ▁to ▁even ▁stronger ▁def enses . ▁On ▁the ▁ 1 1 th ▁the ▁continued ▁joint ▁operation ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁Soviet ▁Corps ▁captured ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁Mol ov ata ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁bank ; ▁this ▁gave ▁room ▁for ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁to ▁be ▁re group ed ▁across ▁the ▁D ni estr ▁and ▁also ▁rendered ▁the ▁bridge head ▁held ▁by ▁XX XX ▁Pan zer ▁Corps ▁north ▁of ▁the ▁R ă ut ▁River ▁un ten able . ▁It ▁was ▁abandoned ▁over night ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 2 / 1 3 , ▁while ▁the ▁ 4 9 th ▁Corps ▁took ▁over ▁a ▁sector ▁from ▁Fur cen i ▁on ▁the ▁R ă ut ▁to ▁Gol erk ani ▁on ▁the ▁D ni estr . ▁ ▁The ▁next ▁objective ▁for ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁was ▁the ▁German ▁bridge head ▁east ▁of ▁the ▁D ni estr ▁on ▁the ▁approaches ▁to ▁the ▁cities ▁of ▁Dub ă s ari ▁and ▁Gr ig ori opol . ▁ 4 9 th ▁Corps ▁had ▁begun ▁this ▁advance ▁on ▁March ▁ 3 1 , ▁but ▁had ▁then ▁been ▁di vert ed ▁to ▁the ▁fighting ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁bank . ▁On ▁April ▁ 1 3 , ▁with ▁all ▁three ▁of ▁the ▁Corps ' ▁divisions ▁west ▁of ▁the ▁river , ▁supported ▁by ▁ 2 5 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Division , ▁the ▁advance ▁res |
umed ▁with ▁heavy ▁attacks ▁on ▁the ▁German ▁ 2 8 2 nd ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁on ▁the ▁Gol erk ani ▁sector . ▁After ▁two ▁days ▁of ▁heavy ▁fighting ▁the ▁German ▁force ▁with d rew ▁south ward ▁to ▁new ▁def enses ▁west ▁of ▁Dub ă s ari , ▁but ▁also ▁received ▁rein for c ements ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Pan zer gren ad ier ▁Division ▁and ▁Corps ▁Det achment ▁" F " ▁which ▁contained ▁the ▁Soviet ▁advance . ▁By ▁this ▁time ▁the ▁divisions ▁of ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁had ▁fewer ▁than ▁ 5 , 0 0 0 ▁personnel ▁each , ▁and ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 8 ▁the ▁Front ▁command ▁ordered ▁the ▁Army ▁over ▁to ▁the ▁defense . ▁ ▁On ▁May ▁ 6 ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁received ▁orders ▁to ▁take ▁part ▁in ▁a ▁new ▁off ensive ▁on ▁Chi ș in ă u ▁that ▁was ▁to ▁be ▁primarily ▁conducted ▁by ▁forces ▁of ▁ 3 rd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front . ▁ 4 9 th ▁Corps ▁was ▁to ▁commit ▁one ▁division , ▁while ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁and ▁one ▁other ▁division ▁were ▁to ▁remain ▁on ▁the ▁defense ▁on ▁the ▁Army ' s ▁front ▁west ward ▁to ▁south ▁of ▁Or he i . ▁In ▁the ▁event , ▁the ▁defeat ▁inf lic ted ▁on ▁the ▁right ▁fl ank ▁forces ▁of ▁ 2 nd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front ▁in ▁the ▁T âr gu ▁Fr um os ▁area ▁caused ▁this ▁off ensive ▁to ▁be ▁post pon ed ▁and ▁eventually ▁cancel led . ▁ ▁Adv ance ▁In |
to ▁the ▁B alk ans ▁In ▁the ▁bu il dup ▁to ▁the ▁Second ▁J ass y - K ish ine v ▁Off ensive ▁in ▁early ▁August ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁was ▁re group ed ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁front ▁line ▁into ▁Front ▁res erves . ▁ 4 9 th ▁Corps ▁was ▁ordered ▁to ▁move ▁from ▁the ▁Front ' s ▁left ▁fl ank ▁to ▁the ▁center ▁which ▁required ▁four ▁daily ▁march es . ▁The ▁plan ▁called ▁for ▁the ▁Army ▁to ▁be ▁ ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁explo itation ▁force ▁which ▁would ▁be ▁released ▁once ▁the ▁shock ▁form ations ▁pen etr ated ▁the ▁German - R oman ian ▁front . ▁Once ▁this ▁occurred ▁the ▁Army ▁was ▁to ▁advance ▁in ▁the ▁general ▁direction ▁of ▁Vas l ui ▁and ▁F oc ș ani . ▁The ▁off ensive ▁opened ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 0 , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁next ▁day ▁at ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁hours ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁began ▁moving ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁positions ▁that ▁had ▁been ▁vac ated ▁by ▁the ▁adv ancing ▁ 5 2 nd ▁Army . ▁The ▁Army ▁was ▁then ▁ordered ▁to ▁move ▁to ▁the ▁area ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁road ▁from ▁Pod u ▁I lo a iei ▁to ▁I a și ▁over night ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 2 / 2 3 . ▁In ▁the ▁following ▁days ▁minimal ▁forces ▁of ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁were ▁committed ▁to ▁the ▁reduction ▁of ▁the ▁tra pped ▁A xis ▁grouping ▁while ▁its ▁main ▁effort ▁focused ▁on ▁Buch ar est ▁and ▁the ▁oil fields ▁at |
▁P lo ie ști . ▁ ▁On ▁August ▁ 3 1 ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁played ▁a ▁leading ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁capture ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ian ▁capital ▁and ▁was ▁recognized ▁as ▁follows : In ▁addition ▁the ▁ 1 2 4 3 rd ▁R if le ▁Regiment ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁B anner ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 2 4 5 th ▁received ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁Bog dan ▁K hm eln it sky , ▁ 2 nd ▁D eg ree . ▁ ▁Following ▁its ▁advance ▁through ▁Roman ia , ▁on ▁October ▁ 2 8 ▁the ▁left ▁fl ank ▁forces ▁of ▁ 2 nd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front , ▁including ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army , ▁began ▁an ▁operation ▁to ▁defeat ▁the ▁German - H ung arian ▁forces ▁in ▁and ▁around ▁Budapest . ▁The ▁main ▁drive ▁was ▁carried ▁out ▁by ▁ 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁and ▁ 4 6 th ▁Arm ies ▁while ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁provided ▁fl ank ▁security . ▁On ▁October ▁ 2 9 ▁the ▁Army ▁advanced ▁up ▁to ▁ 1 3 ▁km ▁and ▁reached ▁the ▁out sk ir ts ▁of ▁Pol g ár . ▁By ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁November ▁ 4 ▁the ▁ 2 7 th ▁Army ▁rel ieved ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁along ▁the ▁front ▁from ▁Pol g ár ▁to ▁T is za f ü red ▁while ▁it ▁re group ed ▁to ▁force ▁the ▁T is za ▁River ▁three ▁days ▁later . ▁November ▁ 1 1 ▁the ▁Army ' s ▁right ▁fl ank ▁corps ▁began |
▁fighting ▁for ▁the ▁southern ▁out sk ir ts ▁of ▁F ü zes ab ony ; ▁the ▁town ▁did ▁not ▁finally ▁fall ▁until ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁after ▁which ▁the ▁Army ▁commander ▁was ▁ordered ▁to ▁develop ▁the ▁off ensive ▁in ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁Ver pel ét . ▁On ▁November ▁ 2 0 ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁reached ▁the ▁sout he astern ▁s lop es ▁of ▁the ▁M át ra ▁Mountains ▁between ▁Gy ö ng y ös ▁and ▁E ger ▁where ▁the ▁A xis ▁forces ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁organ ize ▁a ▁powerful ▁defense ▁which ▁brought ▁the ▁advance ▁to ▁a ▁halt ▁until ▁November ▁ 2 6 . ▁Two ▁days ▁later ▁the ▁ 2 4 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁was ▁transferred ▁from ▁ 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army , ▁and ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁transferred ▁to ▁this ▁Corps ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁month . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁stage ▁of ▁the ▁Budapest ▁operation ▁on ▁December ▁ 5 ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁Army ▁was ▁holding ▁positions ▁from ▁E ger ▁to ▁L ő r inci , ▁still ▁facing ▁the ▁def enses ▁in ▁the ▁M át ra . ▁The ▁attack ▁began ▁at ▁ 1 0 1 5 ▁hours ▁but ▁during ▁the ▁day ▁the ▁Army ▁advanced ▁just ▁ 2 ▁- ▁ 4 ▁km ▁in ▁the ▁difficult ▁terrain . ▁During ▁the ▁third ▁stage , ▁beginning ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 0 , ▁the ▁ 5 3 rd ▁advanced ▁very ▁little . ▁On ▁December ▁ 1 9 ▁the ▁Army ▁was ▁given |
▁the ▁task ▁of ▁reaching ▁the ▁line ▁from ▁Ve ľ k ý ▁K rt í š ▁to ▁Nem ce ▁to ▁Ž el iez ov ce ▁in ▁southern ▁Slov ak ia . ▁During ▁this ▁month ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁was ▁again ▁assigned ▁to ▁the ▁ 4 9 th ▁R if le ▁Corps , ▁but ▁was ▁finally ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁R if le ▁Corps ▁in ▁ 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁Army ▁in ▁January , ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁In ▁late ▁April , ▁ 2 nd ▁Ukrain ian ▁Front ▁continued ▁to ▁clear ▁German ▁forces ▁from ▁central ▁Austria ▁and ▁southern ▁Boh emia . ▁On ▁April ▁ 2 2 ▁the ▁commander ▁of ▁ 2 7 th ▁Gu ards ▁Corps , ▁Maj . ▁Gen . ▁Ev gen ii ▁Ste pan ov ich ▁Ale k hin , ▁was ▁sever ely ▁wounded ▁in ▁a ▁sudden ▁enemy ▁air ▁strike ▁while ▁direct ing ▁combat ▁in ▁the ▁fighting ▁positions ▁of ▁his ▁troops , ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁Mik ul ov . ▁Ale k hin ▁was ▁carried ▁to ▁an ▁aid ▁station ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁but ▁died ▁there ▁of ▁his ▁w ounds ▁at ▁ 1 8 0 0 ▁hours . ▁His ▁adj ut ant , ▁Pet chen ko , ▁and ▁his ▁driver , ▁K osh man , ▁were ▁killed ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁attack . ▁ ▁Post war ▁Im medi ately ▁after ▁the ▁fighting ▁stopped ▁the ▁personnel ▁of ▁the ▁division ▁shared ▁the ▁full ▁title ▁ 3 7 5 th ▁R if le |
, ▁Kh ark ov - B uchar est ▁Division ▁( Russ ian : ▁ 3 7 5 - я ▁стре л кова я ▁Хар ь ков ско - Б у ха ре ст ская ▁дивизи я ), ▁but ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 7 ▁they ▁were ▁bel ated ly ▁recognized ▁for ▁their ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁fighting ▁for ▁Mal ack y ▁and ▁nearby ▁towns ▁and ▁were ▁awarded ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁B anner . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁p . ▁ 1 5 5 ▁ ▁p . ▁ 2 8 3 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Vas il ii ▁Gr ig ore v ich ▁Vor ont so v ▁Nikol ai ▁Aleks and rov ich ▁S ok ol ov ▁Py otr ▁D mit rie v ich ▁G ov or un en ko ▁Ak im ▁Vas ile v ich ▁Y ak sh in ▁Vas il ii ▁D mit rie v ich ▁Kar p uk hin ▁H SU ▁Py otr ▁D mit rie v ich ▁G ov or un en ko ▁▁ 3 7 5 ▁Category : Mil it ary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁Category : Mil it ary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 6 ▁Category : Mil it ary ▁units ▁and ▁form ations ▁awarded ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁B anner <0x0A> </s> ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁or ▁Wil co x ▁Farm ▁or ▁Wil co x ▁Farm house , ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁in ▁Canada ▁Wil |
co x ▁House , ▁Mississ aug a , ▁Ontario , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁oldest ▁buildings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁Mississ aug a ▁ ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Maria ▁Anton ia ▁Arg uel la ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California , ▁a ▁contrib uting ▁property ▁in ▁North ▁University ▁Park ▁Historic ▁District ▁Benjamin ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁San ▁Juan ▁B aut ista , ▁San ▁Ben ito ▁County , ▁California , ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁( NR HP ) ▁Joseph ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁included ▁in ▁High land ▁Historic ▁District ▁( M idd let own , ▁Connecticut ) ▁Jos iah ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Green wich , ▁Connecticut , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Albert ▁Sp encer ▁Wil co x ▁Beach ▁House , ▁Han ale i , ▁Hawai i , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Albert ▁Sp encer ▁Wil co x ▁Building , ▁Li h ue , ▁Hawai i , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Andrew ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Jackson , ▁Jackson ▁County , ▁Michigan , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Ans ley ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Buff alo , ▁New ▁York , ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁The odore ▁Ro ose vel t ▁In aug ural ▁National ▁Historic ▁Site ▁Wil co x ▁Oct agon ▁House , ▁Cam ill us , ▁New ▁York , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Richard ▁T . C . ▁Lord ▁and ▁William ▁V . ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Des ▁Mo ines , ▁Iowa , ▁NR HP - list ed |
▁Sw art - Wil co x ▁House , ▁One ont a , ▁Ot se go ▁County , ▁New ▁York , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁W . ▁G . ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Pl att s burgh , ▁New ▁York , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Wil co x ▁Farm house ▁( Three ▁M ile ▁Bay , ▁New ▁York ), ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Gray - B rown low - Wil co x ▁House , ▁Br ink ley ville , ▁Hal if ax ▁County , ▁North ▁Carolina ▁Jacob ▁Wil co x ▁Farm , ▁A ml in , ▁Franklin ▁County , ▁Ohio , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Franklin ▁County ▁James ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁A ml in , ▁Franklin ▁County , ▁Ohio , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Franklin ▁County ▁Wil co x - M ills ▁House , ▁Mar iet ta , ▁Washington ▁County , ▁Ohio , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Washington ▁County ▁Gilbert - Wil co x ▁House , ▁Wor thing ton , ▁Franklin ▁County , ▁Ohio , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Franklin ▁County ▁ ▁The odore ▁B . ▁Wil co x ▁Country ▁Est ate , ▁in ▁Mult nom ah ▁County ▁near ▁Port land , ▁Oregon , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Mult nom ah ▁County ▁Joseph ▁St anton ▁House , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Wil co x ▁Ta vern ▁and ▁General ▁St anton ▁Monument , ▁Char l est own , ▁Rh ode ▁Island , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁Wil co x |
- G ra ves ▁House , ▁Ge or get own , ▁William son ▁County , ▁Texas , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁William son ▁County ▁D . ▁K . ▁and ▁I nez ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Ge or get own , ▁William son ▁County , ▁Texas , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁William son ▁County ▁James ▁D . ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Farm ington , ▁Davis ▁County , ▁Ut ah , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Davis ▁County ▁Wil co x - C ut ts ▁House , ▁Or well , ▁Add ison ▁County , ▁Verm ont , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Add ison ▁County ▁Charles ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁Y ak ima , ▁Y ak ima ▁County , ▁Washington , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Y ak ima ▁County ▁Walter ▁D . ▁Wil co x ▁House ▁( bet ter ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Wh itt em ore ▁House ), ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁ ▁Roy ▁Wil co x ▁House , ▁E au ▁Cla ire , ▁Wisconsin , ▁NR HP - list ed ▁in ▁E au ▁Cla ire ▁County ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Wil co x ▁Building ▁( disambiguation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Football ▁Un ites , ▁R ac ism ▁Div ides ▁( F UR D ) ▁is ▁a ▁youth ▁and ▁social ▁inclusion ▁project ▁and ▁char ity ▁based ▁in ▁She ff ield , ▁England ▁which ▁uses ▁football ▁as ▁a ▁tool ▁to ▁' break ▁down ▁bar riers ▁created |
▁by ▁ignor ance ▁or ▁pre jud ice '. ▁ ▁It ▁works ▁locally , ▁nation ally ▁and ▁intern ation ally ▁to ▁combat ▁rac ism ▁and ▁increase ▁understanding ▁between ▁different ▁communities . ▁ ▁Orig ins ▁The ▁project ▁was ▁created ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁by ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁fans ▁who ▁were ▁concerned ▁with ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁ra cially ▁invoked ▁inc idents ▁occurr ing ▁in ▁and ▁around ▁Br am all ▁Lane , ▁especially ▁because ▁of ▁the ▁stad ium ▁being ▁located ▁in ▁a ▁particularly ▁eth n ically ▁diverse ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁ ▁F UR D ▁has ▁since ▁evol ved ▁into ▁a ▁wider ▁community ▁project . ▁Wh ilst ▁the ▁organisation ▁uses ▁football ing ▁activities , ▁it ▁is ▁increasing ly ▁involved ▁in ▁more ▁general ▁inclusion ▁work ▁such ▁as ▁deliver ing ▁anti - rac ist ▁education ▁in ▁schools ▁and ▁providing ▁volunte ering ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁young ▁people . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁FA RE ▁( Foot ball ▁Again st ▁R ac ism ▁in ▁Europe ) ▁network ▁of ▁anti - rac ist ▁organis ations . ▁ ▁Football ing ▁work ▁Much ▁of ▁F UR D ' s ▁work ▁focus es ▁on ▁using ▁football ▁as ▁a ▁tool ▁for ▁social ▁change . ▁ ▁This ▁includes ▁using ▁football ing ▁initi atives ▁in ▁the ▁local ▁community , ▁international ▁events ▁and ▁affili ations ▁with ▁professional ▁clubs . ▁ ▁Co aching ▁F UR D ▁hosts ▁subs id ised ▁co aching ▁at ▁She ff ield ▁United ' s ▁Academy , ▁and ▁players ▁who ▁show ▁potential |
▁are ▁referred ▁to ▁local ▁professional ▁teams . ▁It ▁was ▁F UR D ' s ▁coach es ▁who ▁recommended ▁K yle ▁Walker ▁to ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁just ▁seven ▁years ▁old . ▁Walker ▁graduated ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁first ▁team ▁before ▁being ▁sold ▁to ▁Tot ten ham ▁Hot sp ur . ▁He ▁has ▁since ▁joined ▁A ston ▁Villa ▁on ▁loan ▁and ▁represented ▁England ▁Men ' s ▁team . ▁F UR D ▁also ▁offers ▁co aching ▁sessions ▁in ▁local ▁schools , ▁often ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁joint ▁package ▁with ▁an ▁educational ▁element . ▁ ▁F UR D ▁also ▁recogn ises ▁women ▁as ▁a ▁marg inal ised ▁group ▁in ▁football ▁and ▁has ▁sought ▁to ▁create ▁women ' s ▁initi atives , ▁especially ▁to ▁appeal ▁to ▁those ▁from ▁eth nic ▁minor ities . ▁ ▁Stud ents ▁at ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁She ff ield ▁conducted ▁a ▁survey ▁called ▁‘ C ross ing ▁the ▁Line ’ ▁which ▁demonstrated ▁the ▁young ▁girls ▁are ▁more ▁likely ▁to ▁be ▁put ▁off ▁from ▁joining ▁in ▁football ▁due ▁to ▁anx iet ies ▁over ▁sex ism ▁rather ▁than ▁rac ism ▁or ▁cultural ▁factors . ▁ ▁Therefore , ▁F UR D ▁has ▁run ▁female - only ▁co aching ▁sessions ▁and ▁girls ’ ▁tournament s ▁have ▁been ▁a ▁regular ▁feature ▁at ▁the ▁annual ▁Community ▁Day ▁at ▁Br am all ▁Lane . ▁ ▁Tourn aments ▁Small - s ided ▁tournament s ▁are ▁regularly ▁held ▁by ▁F UR D ▁in ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁ven ues , ▁often ▁coinc iding ▁with ▁school ▁hol id ays . ▁One ▁of |
▁the ▁most ▁pr estig ious ▁tournament s ▁is ▁held ▁at ▁She ff ield ▁United ' s ▁Community ▁Day ▁during ▁the ▁off - season . ▁ ▁F UR D ▁also ▁runs ▁the ▁annual ▁All ▁Nations ▁Tournament ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁She ff ield ▁and ▁Hall am shire ▁County ▁Football ▁Association ▁for ▁teams ▁of ▁refuge es ▁and ▁as yl um ▁ ▁seek ers . ▁F UR D ▁also ▁hosted ▁K ick ▁It ▁Out ’ s ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁Unity ▁Cup , ▁a ▁national ▁tournament ▁for ▁refuge es ▁and ▁as yl um ▁seek ers . ▁ ▁Street k ick ▁Street k ick ▁is ▁a ▁port able , ▁infl atable ▁mini ature ▁football ▁pitch ▁which ▁can ▁fit ▁into ▁the ▁back ▁of ▁a ▁van . ▁It ▁enjo ys ▁a ▁cult ▁status ▁and ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁F UR D ' s ▁more ▁recogn is able ▁and ▁high - profile ▁areas ▁of ▁work . ▁ ▁Being ▁highly ▁practical ▁and ▁mobile , ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁tou red ▁at ▁the ▁European ▁Championships ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁World ▁Cup ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁The ▁pitch ▁sides ▁can ▁be ▁ad orn ed ▁with ▁anti - rac ist ▁b ann ers ▁and ▁it ▁provides ▁a ▁foc al ▁point ▁for ▁spread ing ▁F UR D ' s ▁message . ▁ ▁Link s ▁with ▁professional ▁clubs ▁F UR D ▁works ▁with ▁She ff ield ' s ▁two ▁professional ▁clubs ▁in ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁fields ▁to ▁deliver ▁anti - rac ist |
▁work . ▁ ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁F UR D ▁works ▁closely ▁with ▁She ff ield ▁United , ▁largely ▁due ▁to ▁its ▁orig ins ▁stem ming ▁from ▁Bl ades ▁supp or ters ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁proxim ity ▁of ▁the ▁char ity ▁to ▁Br am all ▁Lane . ▁ ▁F UR D ▁has ▁regular ▁articles ▁in ▁the ▁match day ▁programme , ▁anti - rac ist ▁messages ▁displayed ▁on ▁the ▁score board ▁and ▁subs id ised ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁Academy ▁facilities . ▁ ▁Br am all ▁Lane ' s ▁annual ▁Community ▁Day ▁was ▁inst ig ated ▁and ▁largely ▁run ▁by ▁F UR D ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁with ▁the ▁club ▁taking ▁ownership ▁of ▁it ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁F UR D ▁is ▁a ▁partner ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁United ' s ▁K ick z ▁project , ▁which ▁shares ▁F UR D ' s ▁philosophy ▁about ▁the ▁power ▁of ▁football ▁to ▁bring ▁positive ▁benefits ▁to ▁young ▁people ▁and ▁communities . ▁ ▁She ff ield ▁Wed nes day ▁She ff ield ▁Wed nes day ▁have ▁also ▁been ▁involved ▁with ▁F UR D ' s ▁work , ▁although ▁to ▁a ▁less er ▁extent . ▁F UR D ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁O w ls ▁Again st ▁R ac ism ▁group , ▁and ▁has ▁run ▁joint ▁educational ▁events ▁through ▁Show ▁R ac ism ▁the ▁Red ▁Card . ▁The ▁club ▁is ▁a ▁partner ▁in ▁F UR D ' s ▁Sound k ick ers ▁music ▁project . |
▁ ▁Aff ili ated ▁clubs ▁F UR D ▁supports ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁clubs ▁in ▁She ff ield ' s ▁Sunday ▁le agues , ▁by ▁providing ▁administrative ▁help , ▁coach es , ▁or ▁advice ▁about ▁fund ing . ▁ ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁was ▁the ▁brain child ▁of ▁Asian ▁te en agers ▁Kam ran ▁Khan , ▁As im ▁Sh az ad ▁and ▁Id ris ▁Ah med ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁F UR D ▁agreed ▁to ▁help ▁the ▁boys ▁undert ake ▁the ▁formal ities ▁required ▁to ▁establish ▁their ▁team ▁and ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁was ▁entered ▁into ▁the ▁She ff ield ▁Regional ▁Alliance ▁Division ▁Two ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 / 1 ▁season . ▁ ▁They ▁encountered ▁plenty ▁of ▁host ility ▁including ▁rac ism ▁in ▁their ▁first ▁season , ▁but ▁they ▁per se ver ed ▁to ▁finish ▁as ▁run ners - up ▁in ▁the ▁league ▁and ▁gain ▁promotion . ▁ ▁The ▁team ▁won ▁promotion ▁in ▁their ▁first ▁two ▁seasons ▁and ▁won ▁the ▁Regional ▁Alliance ▁League ▁Cup ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁ ▁They ▁then ▁entered ▁She ff ield ' s ▁top ▁Sunday ▁League , ▁the ▁M ead ow hall ▁League ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 / 5 ▁season . ▁ ▁They ▁have ▁enjoyed ▁considerable ▁success ▁since ▁entering ▁the ▁league , ▁the ▁highlight s ▁being ▁lif ting ▁the ▁M ead ow hall ▁Sunday ▁League ▁Cup ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁and ▁winning ▁promotion ▁to ▁the ▁Premier ▁Division ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ |
▁Som ali ▁Bl ades ▁The ▁Som ali ▁Bl ades ▁were ▁established ▁when ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁don ated ▁k its ▁and ▁they ▁rose ▁to ▁prom in ence ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁when ▁they ▁reached ▁the ▁final ▁of ▁the ▁Mond iali ▁Anti ra zz isti ▁in ▁Italy . ▁Also ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁they ▁won ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁Philip ▁Lawrence ▁Awards , ▁a ▁national ▁award ▁for ▁good ▁citizens hip , ▁to ▁recogn ise ▁their ▁work ▁in ▁co aching ▁younger ▁Som ali ▁children . ▁ ▁O thers ▁Other ▁teams ▁that ▁F UR D ▁has ▁worked ▁with ▁include ▁the ▁African ▁Dream ▁Team , ▁Sur ud ▁United , ▁Por ter ▁United , ▁Y em eni ▁United , ▁Sh arrow ▁Athlet ic ▁and ▁F UR D ▁Pos itive ▁Fut ures ▁Under - 1 8 s . ▁ ▁Non - football ing ▁work ▁F UR D ▁is ▁also ▁involved ▁in ▁many ▁others ▁aspects ▁of ▁community ▁life ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁further ▁af ield ▁which ▁aren ’ t ▁directly ▁related ▁to ▁football ▁or ▁sport . ▁ ▁Education ▁program mes ▁F UR D ▁runs ▁bes po ke ▁educational ▁sessions ▁in ▁schools , ▁pr isons , ▁host els ▁and ▁youth ▁cent res ▁looking ▁at ▁issues ▁around ▁race , ▁culture , ▁identity ▁and ▁conflict . ▁Edu c ational ▁work ▁has ▁been ▁de emed ▁especially ▁necessary ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁reported ▁rise ▁of ▁mis con ception s ▁of ▁race ▁and ▁eth nic ity ▁and ▁a ▁growth ▁in ▁Islam oph ob ia ▁since ▁the ▁September ▁ 1 1 |
th , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁attacks ▁on ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁F UR D ▁also ▁offers ▁training ▁and ▁consult ation ▁for ▁profession als . ▁ ▁Resources ▁and ▁information ▁F UR D ▁also ▁has ▁an ▁extensive ▁resources ▁and ▁information ▁library ▁at ▁its ▁office ▁in ▁The ▁St ables ▁block ▁next ▁to ▁Mount ▁Ple asant ▁Community ▁Centre ▁in ▁Sh arrow , ▁She ff ield . ▁ ▁The ▁material ▁stored ▁covers ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁subjects ▁per tain ing ▁to ▁all ▁aspects ▁of ▁F UR D ' s ▁work . ▁ ▁The ▁content ▁of ▁the ▁collection ▁is ▁catalog ued ▁and ▁search able ▁online ▁and ▁can ▁be ▁borrow ed ▁upon ▁request . ▁En qui ries ▁about ▁football ▁and ▁equality ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁answered ▁by ▁phone , ▁letter ▁or ▁email , ▁and ▁information ▁is ▁made ▁available ▁online ▁where ▁possible ▁on ▁F UR D ' s ▁website . ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁exhib itions ▁are ▁available ▁for ▁h ire . ▁F UR D ▁has ▁undert aken ▁in - depth ▁research ▁about ▁the ▁experiences ▁of ▁South ▁African ▁football ers ▁playing ▁in ▁Britain ▁from ▁ 1 8 9 9 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁for ▁an ▁exhibition , ▁‘ Off side ! ▁K ick ▁Out ▁Ign or ance ▁- ▁Football ▁Un ites , ▁R ac ism ▁Div ides ’ ▁on ▁display ▁the ▁Home coming ▁Centre ▁of ▁the ▁District ▁Six ▁Museum ▁in ▁Cape ▁Town ▁from ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁to ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁Support ing ▁materials ▁are ▁available ▁from ▁F UR D . ▁ ▁Vol unte |
ering ▁Building ▁on ▁the ▁success ▁of ▁the ▁now - def unct ▁Mill en ni um ▁Vol unte ers ▁scheme , ▁F UR D ▁now ▁works ▁with ▁the ▁char ity ▁v ▁to ▁insp ire ▁hundreds ▁of ▁young ▁people ▁aged ▁ 1 6 – 2 5 ▁to ▁volunte er ▁in ▁their ▁own ▁community . ▁ ▁Vol unt ary ▁opportun ities ▁that ▁F UR D ▁offers ▁include ▁working ▁with ▁young ▁off enders , ▁ment or ▁schemes ▁for ▁refuge es , ▁football ▁co aching , ▁art ▁and ▁dance ▁work sh ops , ▁organ ising ▁events , ▁advoc acy / camp aign ing ▁and ▁promotion / public ity . ▁The ▁a ims ▁include ▁impro ving ▁the ▁self - este em , ▁confidence ▁and ▁skills ▁of ▁the ▁participants , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁improvements ▁in ▁community ▁coh es ion . ▁F UR D ' s ▁‘ Y outh ▁Again st ▁Conf lict ’ ▁group ▁made ▁a ▁film ▁and ▁education ▁pack , ▁‘ It ’ s ▁Your ▁Call ’ , ▁in ▁which ▁young ▁people ▁en act ed ▁conflict ▁scenarios ▁they ▁had ▁experienced , ▁including ▁gang ▁violence ▁and ▁rac ist ▁bul lying , ▁and ▁view ers ▁are ▁encourag ed ▁to ▁think ▁about ▁and ▁discuss ▁different ▁ways ▁of ▁resol ving ▁the ▁issues . ▁ ▁Pos itive ▁Fut ures ▁ ▁F UR D ▁is ▁partner ed ▁with ▁Pos itive ▁Fut ures , ▁a ▁national ▁sports - based ▁inclusion ▁programme . ▁ ▁In ▁partners hip ▁they ▁run ▁sports ▁and ▁other ▁activities ▁to ▁try ▁to ▁prevent ▁young ▁people ▁from ▁being ▁soci ally ▁marg inal ised ▁and |
▁being ▁drawn ▁into ▁crime , ▁dru gs ▁and ▁anti - social ▁activity . ▁ ▁Sound k ick ers ▁Fund ed ▁by ▁the ▁Youth ▁Music ▁Power ▁Play ▁fund , ▁Sound k ick ers ▁is ▁an ▁initi ative ▁which ▁allows ▁young ▁people ▁to ▁work ▁alongside ▁professional ▁mus icians ▁to ▁develop ▁their ▁musical ▁tal ents . ▁Work sh ops ▁offer ▁a ▁range ▁of ▁activities ▁including ▁learning ▁DJ ▁skills , ▁writing ▁and ▁recording ▁lyr ics , ▁and ▁playing ▁instruments . ▁A ▁ten - track ▁CD ▁is ▁now ▁available ▁show c asing ▁some ▁of ▁talent ▁coming ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁work sh ops . ▁ ▁Football : ▁a ▁shared ▁sense ▁of ▁belonging ? ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁ 3 - year ▁research ▁project , ▁fund ed ▁by ▁the ▁Big ▁Lot tery , ▁which ▁is ▁investig ating ▁the ▁role ▁football ▁may ▁play ▁in ▁fost ering ▁mut ual ▁understanding ▁and ▁integration ▁between ▁refuge es , ▁as yl um - se ek ers ▁and ▁other ▁new ▁migr ants . ▁The ▁project ▁offers ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁young ▁people , ▁especially ▁those ▁from ▁refuge e ▁background s ▁themselves , ▁to ▁develop ▁research ▁skills , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁to ▁share ▁their ▁own ▁experiences . ▁ ▁Events ▁F UR D ▁often ▁runs ▁events ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁using ▁different ▁means ▁to ▁spread ▁their ▁message . ▁ ▁F UR D ▁also ▁supports ▁its ▁volunte ers ▁in ▁pione ering ▁their ▁own ▁ideas ▁for ▁new ▁or ▁one - off ▁events . ▁ ▁V ib es ▁& ▁Unity ▁V ib es ▁& ▁Unity ▁is ▁a ▁music ▁event ▁held ▁on ▁Dev ons |
hire ▁Green ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁which ▁featured ▁DJ s , ▁sing ers , ▁d anc ers ▁and ▁mus icians , ▁football , ▁public ▁speak ers , ▁food ▁st alls ▁and ▁other ▁entertain ment . ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁organ ised ▁largely ▁by ▁F UR D ' s ▁young ▁volunte ers ▁from ▁the ▁Vin vol ved ▁programme . ▁The ▁main ▁focus ▁of ▁the ▁event ▁has ▁been ▁on ▁spread ing ▁an ▁anti - rac ist ▁message ▁and ▁encourag ing ▁young ▁people ▁to ▁use ▁their ▁vote ▁in ▁forth coming ▁elections ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁marg inal ise ▁the ▁far - right ▁parties . ▁ ▁Community ▁Day ▁at ▁Br am all ▁Lane ▁Following ▁the ▁success ▁of ▁F UR D ' s ▁two ▁entr ants ▁in ▁the ▁Mond iali ▁Anti ra zz isti ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁where ▁Som ali ▁Bl ades ▁and ▁the ▁Ab be yd ale ▁Asian ▁Youth ▁Project ▁both ▁made ▁the ▁final , ▁the ▁idea ▁was ▁pitch ed ▁to ▁re play ▁the ▁final ▁at ▁Br am all ▁Lane ▁the ▁next ▁summer . ▁ ▁The ▁concept ▁evol ved ▁to ▁create ▁the ▁first ▁annual ▁Community ▁Day ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁and ▁the ▁event ▁has ▁run ▁almost ▁every ▁year ▁since . ▁ ▁Small - s ided ▁tournament s ▁take ▁place ▁on ▁the ▁pitch ▁and ▁other ▁events ▁take ▁place ▁around ▁and ▁outside ▁the ▁stad ium . ▁ ▁The ▁Community ▁Day ▁regularly ▁involves ▁the ▁Street k ick ▁infl atable ▁pitch , |
▁a ▁b oun cy ▁castle , ▁live ▁music ▁performances ▁and ▁st alls ▁from ▁local ▁community ▁groups . ▁The ▁Day ▁a ims ▁to ▁encou rage ▁local ▁people , ▁particularly ▁those ▁from ▁eth nic ▁minor ities , ▁to ▁visit ▁the ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁ground ▁and ▁to ▁see ▁the ▁club ▁as ▁a ▁wel coming ▁place . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁running ▁of ▁the ▁event ▁through ▁the ▁United ▁In iti ative , ▁the ▁club ' s ▁new ▁community ▁arm , ▁although ▁F UR D ▁is ▁still ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁day . ▁ ▁Tim eline ▁of ▁key ▁events ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁– ▁Football ▁Un ites , ▁R ac ism ▁Div ides ▁established ▁by ▁fans , ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁and ▁community ▁groups ▁following ▁attacks ▁on ▁Asian ▁and ▁Som ali ▁people ▁in ▁the ▁vic inity ▁of ▁Br am all ▁Lane . ▁Sep ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁- ▁Public ation ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁' The ▁First ▁Black ▁Football er : ▁Arthur ▁Wh art on ▁ 1 8 6 5 - 1 9 3 0 ' ▁by ▁Phil ▁Vas ili , ▁fund ed ▁by ▁F UR D . ▁Feb ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁– ▁FA RE ▁( Foot ball ▁Again st ▁R ac ism ▁in ▁Europe ) ▁network ▁founded ▁by ▁supp or ters ' ▁groups ▁in ▁ 1 3 ▁countries . ▁ ▁F UR D ▁is ▁a ▁founder ▁member ▁and ▁partner . ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁– ▁F UR D ▁hosts ▁first ▁Community ▁Day |
▁at ▁Br am all ▁Lane , ▁which ▁has ▁since ▁become ▁an ▁annual ▁event . ▁Aug ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁– ▁Sh arrow ▁United , ▁with ▁spons or ship ▁by ▁F UR D , ▁is ▁entered ▁into ▁the ▁She ff ield ▁Regional ▁Alliance ▁Sunday ▁League ▁and ▁becomes ▁the ▁first ▁pre domin antly ▁Asian ▁team ▁in ▁She ff ield ' s ▁local ▁le agues . ▁Oct ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁– ▁John ▁Bar nes ▁and ▁other ▁guests ▁speak ▁at ▁the ▁Mov ing ▁On ▁Up ▁conference ▁at ▁She ff ield ▁Hall am ▁University , ▁organ ised ▁by ▁F UR D ▁and ▁former ▁She ff ield ▁Wed nes day ▁and ▁Brad ford ▁player ▁Andy ▁K iw om ya . ▁Nov ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁– ▁FA RE ▁wins ▁MTV ▁Free ▁Your ▁Mind ▁human ▁rights ▁award . ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 3 : ▁F UR D ▁is ▁described ▁as ▁a ▁' model ▁project ' ▁in ▁the ▁report ▁' Un ite ▁Again st ▁R ac ism ▁in ▁European ▁Football : ▁UEFA ▁Guide ▁to ▁Good ▁Pract ice '. ▁Jan ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁– ▁K ick ▁It ▁Out ▁hosts ▁a ▁star - stud ded ▁t enth ▁anni versary ▁celebr ation ▁and ▁F UR D ▁receive ▁a ▁special ▁award ▁for ▁its ▁pione ering ▁work ▁as ▁a ▁community - based ▁anti - rac ist ▁football ▁project . ▁A pr ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁– ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁wins ▁the ▁She ff ield ▁Regional ▁Alliance ▁Sunday ▁League ▁Cup . ▁Jun ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁– ▁Street |
k ick ▁event ▁hosted ▁at ▁the ▁Euro ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁in ▁Portugal . ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁– ▁F UR D ▁del ivers ▁its ▁first ▁anti - rac ist ▁training ▁package ▁to ▁youth ▁workers . ▁Jun ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁– ▁F UR D ▁t ours ▁Street k ick ▁at ▁the ▁World ▁Cup ▁in ▁Germany . ▁Jul ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁– ▁The ▁Unity ▁Cup , ▁a ▁tournament ▁organ ised ▁by ▁K ick ▁It ▁Out ▁for ▁refuge es ▁and ▁as yl um ▁seek ers , ▁is ▁hosted ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁by ▁F UR D . ▁Dec ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁– ▁An ▁Of sted ▁report ▁on ▁She ff ield ▁Fut ures , ▁which ▁man ages ▁parts ▁of ▁F UR D ' s ▁work , ▁pra ises ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁F UR D . ▁A pr ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁– ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁promoted ▁to ▁First ▁Division ▁of ▁the ▁M ead ow hall ▁She ff ield ▁Sunday ▁League . ▁A pr ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁– ▁Staff ▁and ▁volunte ers ▁for ▁F UR D ▁have ▁a ▁civ ic ▁reception ▁hosted ▁by ▁the ▁Lord ▁Mayor ▁Coun c ill or ▁Jack ie ▁D ray ton ▁at ▁She ff ield ▁Town ▁Hall . ▁Nov ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁– ▁Pel é ▁meets ▁staff ▁at ▁F UR D ▁and ▁back s ▁the ▁programme . ▁Dec ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁– ▁F UR D ' s ▁Bur und ian ▁coach , ▁Des bon ▁Bush iri ▁establish |
es ▁the ▁Football ▁Between ▁Commun ities ▁project ▁in ▁the ▁Democratic ▁Republic ▁of ▁Congo . ▁Mar ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁– ▁F UR D ▁volunte er ▁Ab di ▁Hus sein ▁is ▁presented ▁the ▁Community ▁Champion ▁Award ▁by ▁Graham ▁Taylor ▁at ▁the ▁Football ▁Without ▁Front iers ▁conference ▁in ▁B elf ast . ▁Mar ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁– ▁Som al ian ▁footballer ▁Lib an ▁Ab di , ▁a ▁former ▁F UR D ▁tra ine e ▁makes ▁a ▁first - team ▁debut ▁for ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁in ▁a ▁friendly ▁against ▁sister - club ▁Fer enc vá ros ▁and ▁scores ▁the ▁winner ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 - 0 ▁win . ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁– ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁win ▁the ▁M ead ow hall ▁Sunday ▁League ▁Cup . ▁Jun ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁– ▁Street k ick ▁hosted ▁in ▁Austria ▁and ▁Switzerland ▁during ▁the ▁European ▁Football ▁Championships . ▁Oct ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁– ▁F UR D ▁wins ▁the ▁Sc ore 4 A frica ▁divers ity ▁award ▁ahead ▁of ▁K ick ▁It ▁Out ▁and ▁Rio ▁Ferdinand . ▁Jan ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁– ▁K yle ▁Walker , ▁originally ▁recommended ▁to ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁by ▁F UR D ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁makes ▁his ▁first - team ▁debut ▁in ▁an ▁FA ▁Cup ▁match ▁against ▁Ley ton ▁Orient . ▁Feb ▁ 2 0 0 9 : ▁K yle ▁Walker ▁makes ▁his ▁debut ▁for ▁England ▁Under - 1 9 s , ▁coming ▁on ▁as ▁a ▁substitute ▁in ▁a |
▁friendly ▁against ▁Spain . ▁May ▁ 2 0 0 9 : ▁F UR D , ▁She ff ield ▁United ▁and ▁The ▁Hub ▁African - Car ib bean ▁Centre ▁host ▁the ▁Laur ie ▁C unning ham ▁Memorial ▁D inner ▁at ▁Br am all ▁Lane ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Laur ie ▁C unning ham ▁Project ▁to ▁comm emor ate ▁C unning ham ' s ▁life ▁and ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁black ▁football ▁in ▁She ff ield . ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 0 : ▁Sh arrow ▁United ▁win ▁promotion ▁to ▁the ▁M ead ow hall ▁League ▁Premier ▁Division ▁in ▁their ▁ 1 0 th ▁anni versary ▁season . ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 0 : ▁' Off side ! ▁- ▁K ick ▁Out ▁Ign or ance ▁- ▁Football ▁Un ites , ▁R ac ism ▁Div ides ', ▁an ▁exhibition ▁research ed ▁by ▁F UR D ▁about ▁South ▁African ▁football ers ' ▁experiences ▁of ▁playing ▁in ▁Britain ▁from ▁ 1 8 9 9 ▁on wards , ▁opens ▁at ▁the ▁District ▁Six ▁Museum , ▁Cape ▁Town , ▁South ▁Africa , ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁World ▁Cup ▁final s ▁in ▁South ▁Africa . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁K ass imer is , ▁Christ os ▁( ed ) ▁( 2 0 0 9 ): ▁Anti - R ac ism ▁in ▁European ▁Football : ▁Fair ▁Play ▁for ▁All ; ▁Lex ington ▁Books ; ▁. ▁Brown , ▁Gordon ▁with ▁Community ▁Link s ▁( 2 0 0 7 ): ▁Britain ' s ▁Every day ▁Hero es : ▁The ▁M aking ▁of ▁the ▁Good |
▁Society '' ▁Main stream ▁Publishing ; ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : Ant i - rac ist ▁organis ations ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁culture ▁Category : Char ities ▁based ▁in ▁England ▁Category : Organ is ations ▁based ▁in ▁She ff ield <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁is ▁an ▁artificial ▁star ▁image ▁created ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁astronom ical ▁adapt ive ▁opt ics ▁systems , ▁which ▁are ▁employed ▁in ▁large ▁teles cop es ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁correct ▁atmos pher ic ▁dist ort ion ▁of ▁light ▁( called ▁astronom ical ▁seeing ). ▁ ▁Ada pt ive ▁opt ics ▁( A O ) ▁systems ▁require ▁a ▁wave front ▁reference ▁source ▁of ▁light ▁called ▁a ▁guide ▁star . ▁ ▁Natural ▁stars ▁can ▁serve ▁as ▁point ▁sources ▁for ▁this ▁purpose , ▁but ▁sufficiently ▁bright ▁stars ▁are ▁not ▁available ▁in ▁all ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁sky , ▁which ▁greatly ▁limits ▁the ▁useful ness ▁of ▁natural ▁guide ▁star ▁adapt ive ▁opt ics . ▁Instead , ▁one ▁can ▁create ▁an ▁artificial ▁guide ▁star ▁by ▁sh ining ▁a ▁las er ▁into ▁the ▁atmosphere . ▁ ▁Light ▁from ▁the ▁beam ▁is ▁reflected ▁by ▁components ▁in ▁the ▁upper ▁atmosphere ▁back ▁into ▁the ▁teles cope . ▁ ▁This ▁star ▁can ▁be ▁position ed ▁anywhere ▁the ▁teles cope ▁des ires ▁to ▁point , ▁opening ▁up ▁much ▁greater ▁amounts ▁of ▁the ▁sky ▁to ▁adapt ive ▁opt ics . ▁ ▁Because ▁the ▁las er ▁beam ▁is ▁def lect ed ▁by ▁astronom ical ▁seeing ▁on ▁the ▁way ▁up , ▁the ▁returning ▁las er ▁light |
▁does ▁not ▁move ▁around ▁in ▁the ▁sky ▁as ▁astronom ical ▁sources ▁do . ▁In ▁order ▁to ▁keep ▁astronom ical ▁images ▁steady , ▁a ▁natural ▁star ▁nearby ▁in ▁the ▁sky ▁must ▁be ▁monitor ed ▁in ▁order ▁that ▁the ▁motion ▁of ▁the ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁can ▁be ▁subtract ed ▁using ▁a ▁tip - til t ▁mirror . ▁However , ▁this ▁star ▁can ▁be ▁much ▁f ain ter ▁than ▁is ▁required ▁for ▁natural ▁guide ▁star ▁adapt ive ▁opt ics ▁because ▁it ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁measure ▁only ▁tip ▁and ▁t ilt , ▁and ▁all ▁higher - order ▁dist ort ions ▁are ▁measured ▁with ▁the ▁las er ▁guide ▁star . ▁This ▁means ▁that ▁many ▁more ▁stars ▁are ▁suitable , ▁and ▁a ▁corresponding ly ▁larger ▁fraction ▁of ▁the ▁sky ▁is ▁accessible . ▁ ▁Types ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁main ▁types ▁of ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁system , ▁known ▁as ▁sod ium ▁and ▁Ray le igh ▁be acon ▁guide ▁stars . ▁ ▁S od ium ▁be a cons ▁are ▁created ▁by ▁using ▁a ▁las er ▁tun ed ▁to ▁ 5 8 9 . 2 ▁nan om eters ▁to ▁energ ize ▁atoms ▁in ▁the ▁sod ium ▁layer ▁of ▁the ▁mes os phere ▁at ▁an ▁alt itude ▁of ▁around ▁. ▁The ▁sod ium ▁atoms ▁then ▁re - emit ▁the ▁las er ▁light , ▁producing ▁a ▁g low ing ▁artificial ▁star . ▁The ▁same ▁atomic ▁transition ▁of ▁sod ium ▁is ▁used ▁in ▁sod ium - v apor ▁l amps ▁for ▁street ▁light ing . ▁ ▁Ray le igh ▁be a cons ▁rely |
▁on ▁the ▁scatter ing ▁of ▁light ▁by ▁the ▁mole cules ▁in ▁the ▁lower ▁atmosphere . ▁In ▁contrast ▁to ▁sod ium ▁be a cons , ▁Ray le igh ▁be a cons ▁are ▁much ▁simpler ▁and ▁less ▁cost ly , ▁but ▁do ▁not ▁provide ▁as ▁good ▁a ▁wave front ▁reference , ▁since ▁the ▁artificial ▁be acon ▁is ▁generated ▁much ▁lower ▁in ▁the ▁atmosphere . ▁The ▁las ers ▁are ▁often ▁p uls ed , ▁with ▁measurement ▁of ▁the ▁atmosphere ▁being ▁time - g ated ▁( t aking ▁place ▁several ▁micro seconds ▁after ▁the ▁pul se ▁has ▁been ▁launched , ▁so ▁that ▁scattered ▁light ▁at ▁ground ▁level ▁is ▁ignored ▁and ▁only ▁light ▁that ▁has ▁tra ve led ▁for ▁several ▁micro seconds ▁high ▁up ▁into ▁the ▁atmosphere ▁and ▁back ▁is ▁actually ▁detected ). ▁ ▁Las er ▁development ▁D ye ▁las ers ▁were ▁the ▁first ▁las er ▁sources ▁used ▁in ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁applications . ▁ ▁These ▁tun able ▁las ers ▁have ▁continued ▁to ▁play ▁a ▁significant ▁role ▁in ▁this ▁field . ▁However , ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁fluid ▁gain ▁media ▁has ▁been ▁considered ▁by ▁some ▁research ers ▁as ▁dis adv antage ous . ▁Second ▁generation ▁las er ▁sources ▁for ▁sod ium ▁guide ▁star ▁applications ▁include ▁sum - fre quency - m ixed ▁solid - state ▁las ers . ▁New ▁third ▁generation ▁las er ▁systems ▁based ▁on ▁tun able ▁di ode ▁las ers ▁with ▁subsequent ▁narrow - band ▁Ram an ▁fi ber ▁ampl ification ▁and ▁reson ant ▁frequency ▁conversion ▁have ▁been ▁under ▁development ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 5 |
. ▁Since ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁ ▁fully ▁engine ered ▁systems ▁are ▁commer cially ▁available . ▁Import ant ▁output ▁features ▁of ▁the ▁tun able ▁las ers ▁mentioned ▁here ▁include ▁diff raction - limited ▁beam ▁diver gence ▁and ▁narrow - linewidth ▁emission . ▁ ▁Progress ▁ ▁The ▁sod ium ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁adapt ive ▁opt ics ▁to ▁correct ▁for ▁atmos pher ic ▁dist ort ions ▁was ▁invent ed ▁by ▁Pr inc eton ▁phys ic ist ▁Will ▁H apper ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Str ateg ic ▁Def ense ▁In iti ative , ▁but ▁it ▁was ▁class ified ▁at ▁the ▁time . ▁ ▁Las er ▁guide ▁star ▁adapt ive ▁opt ics ▁is ▁still ▁a ▁very ▁young ▁field , ▁with ▁much ▁effort ▁currently ▁inv ested ▁in ▁technology ▁development . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁only ▁two ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁A O ▁systems ▁were ▁regularly ▁used ▁for ▁science ▁observations ▁and ▁have ▁contributed ▁to ▁published ▁results ▁in ▁peer - review ed ▁scientific ▁literature : ▁ ▁those ▁at ▁the ▁L ick ▁and ▁Pal om ar ▁Observ ator ies ▁in ▁California , ▁and ▁the ▁Ke ck ▁Observ atory ▁in ▁Hawai i . ▁ ▁However , ▁las er ▁guide ▁star ▁systems ▁were ▁under ▁development ▁at ▁most ▁major ▁teles cop es , ▁with ▁the ▁William ▁H ersch el ▁T eles cope , ▁Very ▁Lar ge ▁T eles cope ▁and ▁Gem ini ▁North ▁having ▁tested ▁las ers ▁on ▁the ▁sky ▁but ▁not ▁yet ▁achieved ▁regular ▁operations . ▁Other |