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▁On ▁Met ac rit ic , ▁the ▁album ▁holds ▁a ▁score ▁of ▁ 7 7 / 1 0 0 ▁based ▁on ▁ 7 ▁reviews , ▁indicating ▁" gener ally ▁favor able ▁reviews ." ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Person nel ▁E ye h ateg od ▁Mike ▁Williams ▁- ▁vocals ▁Brian ▁Pat ton ▁- ▁lead ▁guitar ▁Jimmy ▁B ower ▁- ▁rh ythm ▁guitar ▁Gary ▁M ader ▁- ▁bass ▁Joe ▁La C aze ▁- ▁drums ▁ ▁Production ▁Kevin ▁Bern ier ▁- ▁layout ▁Nathan iel ▁Sh annon ▁- ▁phot ography ▁Col lin ▁Jordan ▁- ▁master ing ▁San ford ▁Parker ▁- ▁mixing ▁Chris ▁George ▁- ▁engineering ▁Billy ▁Anderson ▁- ▁recording ▁( d rum s ) ▁Philip ▁H . ▁An sel mo ▁- ▁recording ▁( v oc als ) ▁Stephen ▁Ber rig an ▁- ▁recording ▁( v oc als , ▁bass , ▁gu it ars ) ▁Daniel ▁Maj orie ▁- ▁engineering ▁ ▁Chart ▁positions ▁ ▁Release ▁history ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 4 ▁albums ▁Category : E ye h ateg od ▁albums ▁Category : Cent ury ▁Media ▁Records ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁men ' s ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁met re ▁fre est yle ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁World ▁Aqu at ics ▁Championships ▁occurred ▁on ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁ 3 0 ▁July ▁( he ats ) ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁evening ▁of ▁ 3 1 ▁July ▁( final ) ▁in ▁the ▁Olympic ▁pool ▁at ▁Par c ▁Jean - Dra pe au ▁in ▁Montreal , ▁Canada . ▁ 3 4 ▁sw imm ers ▁were |
▁entered ▁in ▁the ▁event , ▁of ▁which ▁ 3 3 ▁sw am . ▁ ▁The ▁existing ▁records ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁event ▁were : ▁World ▁record ▁( WR ): ▁ 1 4 : 3 4 . 5 6 , ▁Grant ▁H ack ett ▁( Austral ia ), ▁July ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁in ▁Fu ku oka , ▁Japan . ▁Championship ▁record ▁( CR ): ▁same ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Final ▁ ▁He ats ▁The ▁top - 8 ▁sw imm ers ▁from ▁the ▁ 5 ▁pre lim inary ▁he ats ▁qualified ▁for ▁the ▁event ▁final , ▁the ▁next ▁evening . ▁These ▁eight ▁" qual ifiers " ▁are ▁denoted ▁by ▁a ▁Q . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Sw imming ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁World ▁Aqu at ics ▁Championships ▁– ▁Men ' s ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁met re ▁fre est yle ▁Sw imming ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁– ▁Men ' s ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁met re ▁fre est yle ▁Sw imming ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁World ▁Aqu at ics ▁Championships ▁– ▁Men ' s ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁met re ▁fre est yle ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁F IN A ▁World s ▁ 2 0 0 5 : ▁Men ' s ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁Fre est yle ▁he ats ▁results ▁from ▁Om ega Tim ing . com ▁( o fficial ▁timer ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁World s ). ▁Pub lished ▁ 2 |
0 0 5 - 0 7 - 3 0 , ▁retrieved ▁ 2 0 0 9 - 0 8 - 2 1 . ▁F IN A ▁World s ▁ 2 0 0 5 : ▁Men ' s ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁Fre est yle ▁final ▁results ▁from ▁Om ega Tim ing . com ▁( o fficial ▁timer ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁World s ). ▁Pub lished ▁ 2 0 0 5 - 0 7 - 3 0 , ▁retrieved ▁ 2 0 0 9 - 0 8 - 2 1 . ▁ ▁Category : Sw imming ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁World ▁Aqu at ics ▁Championships <0x0A> </s> ▁Bush ' s ▁Ch icken ! ▁is ▁a ▁fast ▁food ▁restaurant ▁serving ▁f ried ▁ch icken . ▁The ▁company ▁is ▁head qu arter ed ▁in ▁W aco , ▁Texas ▁and ▁has ▁over ▁ 9 0 ▁corpor ate ▁and ▁franch ise ▁locations ▁in ▁Central , ▁South , ▁and ▁West ▁Texas , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁in ▁Arizona ▁and ▁Colorado . ▁F are ▁includes ▁f ried ▁ch icken , ▁f ried ▁ok ra , ▁f ries , ▁m ashed ▁pot atoes , ▁corn ▁n ug gets , ▁j ala pe ño ▁po ppers , ▁ye ast ▁roll s ▁and ▁mac aron i ▁and ▁che ese . ▁Bush ' s ▁Ch icken ▁also ▁pur ve ys ▁sweet ▁and ▁uns weet ▁ iced ▁tea ▁by ▁the ▁gall on ▁jug . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁Bush ' s ▁Ch icken ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 |
9 6 ▁in ▁W aco , ▁Texas ▁by ▁Keith ▁Bush . ▁The ▁chain ▁was ▁sold ▁to ▁Hamm ock ▁Part ners , ▁L . L . C . ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁The ▁headquarters ▁was ▁moved ▁to ▁Austin ▁that ▁same ▁year . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Keith ▁Bush ' s ▁son , ▁Core y ▁Bush , ▁purchased ▁ 3 ▁of ▁the ▁chain ' s ▁restaur ants . ▁After ▁a ▁change ▁in ▁ownership ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁headquarters ▁re located ▁back ▁to ▁W aco . ▁ ▁In ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁the ▁restaurant ▁was ▁hit ▁with ▁a ▁law suit . ▁The ▁customer ▁accused ▁the ▁restaurant ▁of ▁serving ▁her ▁husband ▁t aint ed ▁ch icken ▁from ▁which ▁he ▁died . ▁ ▁Bush ' s ▁was ▁later ▁cleared ▁of ▁wrong do ing ▁based ▁on ▁medical ▁evidence ▁presented ▁at ▁the ▁trial . ▁▁ ▁Core y ▁Bush ▁file d ▁for ▁bank rupt cy ▁in ▁Texas ▁Western ▁Bank rupt cy ▁Court ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁fast - fo od ▁ch icken ▁restaur ants ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : F ast - fo od ▁p oul try ▁restaur ants ▁Category : F ast - fo od ▁ch ains ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : F ast - fo od ▁franch ises ▁Category : R estaur ants ▁in ▁Texas ▁Category : Reg ional ▁restaurant ▁ch ains ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Comp an ies ▁based ▁in ▁Austin , ▁Texas ▁Category : |
R estaur ants ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 <0x0A> </s> ▁Th am iz han ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Indian ▁T amil - language ▁action ▁drama ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁debut ant ▁Maj ith ▁and ▁produced ▁by ▁G . ▁V enk ates war an . ▁The ▁film ▁stars ▁V ij ay ▁in ▁the ▁lead ▁role ▁with ▁Pri y anka ▁Ch op ra , ▁who ▁made ▁her ▁debut ▁as ▁a ▁lead ▁actress ▁in ▁the ▁film . ▁Rev ath i , ▁N ass ar , ▁Ash ish ▁Vid yar th i ▁and ▁V ive k ▁also ▁play ▁p iv otal ▁roles ▁in ▁the ▁film , ▁while ▁the ▁film ' s ▁score ▁and ▁sound track ▁were ▁composed ▁by ▁D . ▁Im man . ▁The ▁story ▁involves ▁solving ▁several ▁cor ruption ▁cases ▁by ▁a ▁lawyer ▁named ▁S ury a ▁in ▁the ▁process ▁fighting ▁against ▁a ▁criminal ▁b oss ▁and ▁finally ▁making ▁ind ian ▁law ▁bas ics ▁available ▁as ▁a ▁free ▁book ▁to ▁common ▁people . ▁ ▁Plot ▁S ury a ▁( V ij ay ) ▁is ▁a ▁lawyer ▁with ▁right ▁values ▁who ▁tries ▁to ▁red ress ▁things ▁the ▁legal ▁way . ▁He ▁falls ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁Pri ya ▁( P ri y anka ▁Ch op ra ). ▁His ▁brother - in - law ▁Sh ak th ivel ▁( N ass ar ), ▁also ▁an ▁u pr ight ▁lawyer , ▁is ▁killed ▁in ▁the ▁process ▁of ▁u ph old ing ▁justice . ▁S ury a ' s ▁sister ▁J aya ▁( Re v ath i |
) ▁also ▁meets ▁a ▁pit iful ▁end ▁at ▁the ▁hands ▁of ▁crim inals , ▁but ▁S ury a ▁ref uses ▁to ▁give ▁up . ▁His ▁mission ▁is ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁lay man ▁understand ▁his ▁legal ▁rights . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁V ij ay ▁as ▁Law yer ▁S ury a ▁Pri y anka ▁Ch op ra ▁as ▁Pri ya ▁N ass ar ▁as ▁Sh ak th ivel , ▁S ury a ' s ▁brother - in - law ▁Rev ath i ▁as ▁J aya , ▁S ury a ' s ▁sister ▁P oo ja ▁as ▁Ram ya , ▁J aya ▁and ▁Sh ak th ivel ' s ▁daughter ▁ ▁V ive k ▁as ▁N and ak umar ▁Ash ish ▁Vid yar th i ▁as ▁G K ▁Del hi ▁Gan esh ▁as ▁Law yer ▁La x min ar ay an an ▁V inu ▁Ch ak ra var thy ▁as ▁M LA ▁M . ▁S . ▁Bh ask ar ▁as ▁G anes an ▁" M inn al " ▁Deep a ▁as ▁Pri ya ' s ▁friend ▁ ▁Bal aj i ▁as ▁S ury a ' s ▁friend ▁Char u has an ▁Po orn am ▁Vis wan athan ▁Bes ant ▁R avi ▁Vincent ▁Roy ▁M uth uka al ai ▁as ▁Auto ▁driver ▁Bay il van ▁Rang an athan ▁ ▁Production ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁producer ▁G . ▁V enk ates war an ▁signed ▁on ▁Th ir up ath is amy ▁to ▁direct ▁V ij ay ▁in ▁an ▁action ▁film ▁titled ▁Vel an . ▁The |
▁film , ▁a ▁re make ▁of ▁the ▁director ' s ▁Tel ug u ▁film ▁Az ad , ▁saw ▁Pri y anka ▁Ch op ra , ▁winner ▁of ▁the ▁beauty ▁page ant ▁Miss ▁World ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁being ▁brought ▁in ▁by ▁V enk ates war en ▁to ▁make ▁her ▁debut ▁and ▁play ▁the ▁lead ▁female ▁role . ▁However , ▁before ▁production ▁began , ▁Th ir up ath is amy ▁died ▁in ▁an ▁accident ▁and ▁V enk ates war en ▁d uly ▁decided ▁to ▁give ▁debut ant ▁Maj ith ▁a ▁chance ▁to ▁direct ▁a ▁film ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁cast . ▁ ▁G outh ami ▁T ad imal la ▁was ▁initially ▁selected ▁to ▁play ▁V ij ay ' s ▁sister ▁in ▁the ▁film , ▁but ▁was ▁later ▁replaced ▁by ▁Rev ath i . ▁V ive k ▁was ▁signed ▁on ▁to ▁film ▁comedy ▁scenes ▁for ▁a ▁sum ▁of ▁ 1 5 ▁la kh . ▁A ▁new ▁technical ▁team ▁of ▁music ▁director ▁ 1 8 - year - old ▁Im man , ▁who ▁had ▁scored ▁for ▁serial s ▁earlier , ▁and ▁cinemat ograph er ▁Ek amb aram , ▁who ▁had ▁app r entic ed ▁with ▁Je e va , ▁were ▁also ▁selected . ▁Furthermore , ▁the ▁sets ▁were ▁designed ▁by ▁Sab u ▁Cy ril , ▁dance ▁ch ore ography ▁was ▁by ▁Raj u ▁Sund aram , ▁and ▁st un ts ▁were ▁arranged ▁by ▁Super ▁Sub bar ay an . ▁ ▁A ▁scene ▁for ▁the ▁film ▁featured ▁the ▁producer ▁and ▁ly ric ist ▁V air am |
uth u ▁making ▁guest ▁appearances ▁as ▁themselves ▁during ▁a ▁book ▁launch ▁event . ▁The ▁patri otic ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁led ▁to ▁a ▁postal ▁stamp ▁being ▁released ▁with ▁V ij ay ' s ▁face ▁on ▁it . ▁The ▁similar ities ▁of ▁title ▁and ▁release ▁date ▁between ▁Th am iz han ▁and ▁the ▁Pr ash anth - st arr er ▁Th am iz h ▁created ▁confusion , ▁with ▁the ▁produ cers ▁of ▁both ▁films ▁unable ▁to ▁accommod ate ▁any ▁changes . ▁ ▁Release ▁Made ▁on ▁a ▁high ▁budget ▁of ▁ 5 ▁cr ore , ▁Th am iz han ▁was ▁sold ▁for ▁ 1 1 . 5 ▁cr ore ▁to ▁distrib utors . ▁ ▁The ▁movie ▁was ▁later ▁dub bed ▁in ▁Tel ug u ▁as ▁D amm unte ▁K ask o ▁and ▁in ▁H indi ▁as ▁Je et ▁- ▁Born ▁To ▁Win ▁( 2 0 0 9 ). ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁reception ▁The ▁film ▁opened ▁to ▁mixed ▁reviews ▁from ▁film ▁critics ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁Mal ath i ▁Rang ar aj an ▁of ▁The ▁H indu ▁pra ised ▁V ij ay ' s ▁image ▁change ▁and ▁claimed ▁he ▁acts ▁out ▁a ▁" cred itable ▁port ray al ", ▁while ▁adding ▁that ▁" dialog ue ▁is ▁a ▁strong ▁point ▁of ▁the ▁film ". ▁Though ▁she ▁also ▁mentioned ▁that ▁" de but ante ▁Pri y anka ▁Ch op ra ▁has ▁pre cious ▁little ▁to ▁do " ▁and ▁that ▁Rev ath i ' s ▁role ▁was ▁of ▁a ▁cl ich ed |
▁ ▁elder ▁sister . ▁In ▁comparison , ▁a ▁rev iewer ▁from ▁B iz hat . com ▁stated ▁that ▁" the ▁message ▁convey ed ▁leaves ▁you ▁exha usted ▁and ▁str essed ", ▁giving ▁the ▁film ▁an ▁average ▁review . ▁ ▁Sound track ▁ ▁The ▁sound track ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁composed ▁by ▁D . ▁Im man , ▁who ▁with ▁the ▁sound track ▁made ▁his ▁debut ▁at ▁ 1 7 ▁years ▁old . ▁ ▁Act ress ▁Pri y anka ▁Ch op ra ▁sang ▁a ▁song ▁in ▁the ▁film , ▁with ▁V ij ay ▁recomm ending ▁her ▁after ▁he ▁had ▁heard ▁her ▁hum ming ▁to ▁a ▁t une . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Ind ian ▁court room ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 0 2 ▁films ▁Category : Ind ian ▁legal ▁films ▁Category : T amil - language ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 0 0 s ▁T amil - language ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁D . ▁Im man ▁Category : Ind ian ▁action ▁films ▁Category : Ind ian ▁action ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Ind ian ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 0 2 ▁director ial ▁debut ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Manuel ▁de ▁S ous a ▁known ▁as ▁Cas oto , ▁was ▁a ▁Portuguese ▁footballer ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁a ▁goal keeper . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁St ats ▁at ▁Eu - Foot ball ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Port ug uese ▁football ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁goal keep ers ▁Category : Bo av ista ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Port ug |
al ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : Place ▁of ▁birth ▁missing <0x0A> </s> ▁Bat k ović i ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁municipality ▁of ▁Ne ves in je , ▁Repub lika ▁Sr ps ka , ▁Bos nia ▁and ▁Herz egov ina . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Ne ves in je <0x0A> </s> ▁I th iel ▁( H eb rew ▁ א ִ י ת ִ י א ֵ ל ) ▁is ▁an ▁en ig m atic ▁name ▁mentioned ▁in ▁the ▁Bib lic al ▁verse ▁of ▁Pro ver bs ▁ 3 0 : 1 , ▁" The ▁words ▁of ▁Ag ur ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁J ake h , ▁the ▁oracle . ▁The ▁man ▁decl ares ▁to ▁I th iel , ▁to ▁I th iel ▁and ▁U cal ..." ( M as or etic ▁Text : ▁"... utter ance ▁to ▁I th iel , ▁/ ▁to ▁I th iel ▁and ▁U kal : ") ▁then ▁follows ▁the ▁prop he cy . ▁ ▁Origin ▁The ▁name ▁is ▁ang el ic ▁in ▁origin , ▁having ▁the ▁Heb rew ▁suffix ▁- iel , ▁Y od h , ▁Ale ph , ▁L amed , ▁and ▁can ▁have ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁mean ings . ▁ ▁Et ym ology ▁The ▁name , ▁I th iel , ▁has ▁as ▁its ▁root ▁a ▁variation ▁of ▁the ▁word ▁ot ▁( א ו ֹ ת ּ ) ▁meaning ▁" sign " ▁and ▁can ▁be ▁rendered ▁as ▁" the ▁words ▁of ▁God ," ▁" he ▁who ▁understood ▁the ▁signs ," ▁or |
▁" he ▁who ▁understood ▁the ▁alphabet ▁of ▁God ." ▁Rel ating ▁to ▁the ▁letters ▁of ▁the ▁Heb rew ▁alphabet , ▁the ▁root ▁word ▁ot ▁also ▁sign ifies ▁" let ters ." ▁ ▁Description ▁The ▁Irish ▁ab bot ▁and ▁mission ary ▁Saint ▁Col um ba ▁mentions ▁I th iel , ▁along ▁with ▁U riel , ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁seven ▁ang els ▁charged ▁with ▁taking ▁care ▁of ▁a ▁monaster y ▁in ▁his ▁o de ▁" F are well ". ▁ ▁Arthur ▁Cleveland ▁C ox e , ▁in ▁his ▁book ▁Advent : ▁a ▁Myst ery , ▁tre ats ▁I th iel ▁as ▁an ▁ang el ▁in ▁conversation ▁with ▁the ▁counter part ▁Ad iel ▁and ▁writes ▁their ▁dialog ue ▁in ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁a ▁play . ▁ ▁Charles ▁Mor gr idge ▁has ▁described ▁the ▁ang el ▁I th iel ▁as ▁" pr ince ▁of ▁the ▁sevent h ▁or ▁lowest ▁order ▁of ▁the ▁hierarchy ▁of ▁heaven " ▁and ▁of ▁being ▁the ▁weight ▁of ▁judgment ▁for ▁the ▁men ▁of ▁God . ▁ ▁In ▁G emat ria ▁In ▁Heb rew ▁G emat ria , ▁I th iel ▁is ▁ 4 5 2 ▁which ▁has ▁an ▁exact ▁correspond ence ▁to ▁the ▁Greek ▁words ▁me izon os ▁( μ ε ι ζ ο ν ος ) ▁and ▁kr ith ete ▁( κ ρ ι θ η τ ε ), ▁which , ▁when ▁placed ▁together ▁mean ▁“ gre at ▁judge .” ▁ ▁Occ ult ist ▁Ar iman ius ▁Thé let os , ▁who ▁created ▁the ▁Magic ▁Square ▁of ▁I th iel , ▁has |
▁used ▁it ▁to ▁derive ▁an ▁ev ocation ▁of ▁I th iel ▁that ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁in ▁magic ▁rit ual . ▁ ▁The ▁words ▁of ▁the ▁ev ocation ▁are ▁Heb rew ▁render ings ▁of ▁phr ases ▁drawn ▁from ▁the ▁Magic ▁Square ▁of ▁I th iel . ▁ ▁It ▁begins ▁with ▁the ▁pal ind rome ▁“ le - I th iel ” ▁( ל ְ א ִ י ת ִ י א ֵ ל ), ▁meaning ▁" to ▁I th iel " ▁which ▁can ▁be ▁read ▁along ▁each ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁magic ▁square . ▁ ▁Other ▁phr ases ▁such ▁as ▁“ A bb a ” ▁( father ) ▁and ▁“ y om ar ” ▁( he ▁will ▁say ) ▁are ▁also ▁encoded ▁within ▁the ▁crypt ic ▁message ▁of ▁the ▁ci pher . ▁ ▁Each ▁other ▁pal ind rome ▁inside ▁the ▁magic ▁square ▁form ▁bar bar ous ▁names , ▁which ▁are ▁cor rupted ▁names ▁of ▁de ities ▁particularly ▁used ▁in ▁mag ical ▁ev oc ations . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Ros em ary ▁Gu iley ▁bar bar ous ▁names ▁are ▁used ▁" to ▁command ▁all ▁spirits ▁of ▁the ▁firm ament , ▁ ether , ▁and ▁the ▁elements ." ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁magic ▁square ▁each ▁phrase ▁can ▁be ▁read ▁in ▁four ▁different ▁directions . ▁ ▁The ▁ev ocation ▁attributed ▁to ▁Ar iman ius ▁Thé let os ▁has ▁been ▁rendered ▁from ▁Heb rew ▁to ▁English ▁thus : ▁ ▁L ' BA MA O MA B AL ▁L ' IT I EL , ▁AB AT z |
AB A ▁Y O MA RA MO Y , ▁T AT zA RO ' OR AT z ATA , ▁T AT zA RO ' OR AT z ATA ▁L ' BA MA O MA B AL , ▁L ' BA MA O MA B AL ▁T AT zA RO ' OR AT z ATA , ▁T AT zA RO ' OR AT z ATA ▁Y O MA RA MO Y ▁AB AT z AB A , ▁L ' IT I EL ▁L ' BA MA O MA B AL . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : H eb rew ▁pro ver bs ▁Category : H eb rew ▁Bible ▁people <0x0A> </s> ▁Matth ias ▁Müller ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 1 ) ▁is ▁a ▁German ▁experimental ▁film maker ▁and ▁cur ator , ▁often ▁working ▁in ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁found ▁foot age ▁films . ▁From ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁to ▁▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁he ▁worked ▁as ▁Gu est ▁Professor ▁at ▁the ▁Johann ▁Wolfgang ▁Go ethe ▁University ▁Frankfurt ▁am ▁Main ▁( G erm any ), ▁and ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁at ▁the ▁Dort mund ▁Fach ho ch schule . ▁Since ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁he ▁is ▁Professor ▁for ▁Ex perimental ▁Film ▁at ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁Media ▁Arts ▁( K H M ), ▁C ologne , ▁Germany . ▁For ▁his ▁films ▁he ▁has ▁received ▁numerous ▁awards ▁from ▁many ▁international ▁festiv als , ▁including ▁the ▁American ▁Federation ▁of ▁Arts ▁Ex perimental ▁Film ▁Award ▁in ▁ 1 |
9 8 8 , ▁the ▁Golden ▁Gate ▁Award ▁at ▁the ▁San ▁Francisco ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁the ▁main ▁award ▁at ▁the ▁Intern ationale ▁Kurz fil mt age ▁Ober hausen ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁the ▁Ken ▁Burn s ▁“ Best ▁of ▁the ▁Festival “ ▁Award ▁at ▁the ▁Ann ▁Ar bor ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁the ▁German ▁Short ▁Film ▁Prize ▁for ▁An imation ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁( with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ), ▁the ▁Prix ▁Canal + ▁du ▁meilleur ▁court ▁mét rage ▁at ▁the ▁C annes ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁( with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ), ▁and ▁the ▁Premio ▁Princi p ado ▁de ▁Ast ur ias ▁al ▁Me jor c ort omet ra je ▁at ▁the ▁G ij ón ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁( with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ). ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁he ▁gained ▁the ▁" Pre is ▁der ▁Deutschen ▁Film k rit ik ". ▁Both ▁V ac ancy ▁and ▁C ut ▁were ▁nominated ▁for ▁the ▁European ▁Film ▁Award . ▁Müller ' s ▁work ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁featured ▁in ▁several ▁group ▁and ▁solo ▁exhib itions ▁in ▁institutions ▁such ▁as ▁T ate ▁Modern , ▁London , ▁Hay ward ▁Gallery , ▁London , ▁Mig ros ▁Museum ▁für ▁Gegen wart sk unst , ▁Zur ich , ▁Pal ais ▁de ▁Tokyo , ▁Paris , |
▁Centre ▁Pom pid ou , ▁Paris , ▁H ang ar ▁B ic oc ca , ▁Milan , ▁and ▁Museo ▁Tam ay o , ▁Mexico ▁City . ▁ ▁Films ▁▁ ▁" Aus ▁der ▁Fer ne ▁– ▁The ▁Mem o ▁Book " ▁( 1 9 8 9 ) ▁ ▁" Home ▁St ories " ▁( 1 9 9 0 ) ▁▁ ▁" S tern ensch auer " ▁(" Sc atter ing ▁Stars ", ▁ 1 9 9 4 ) ▁▁ ▁" S leep y ▁H aven " ▁( 1 9 9 4 ) ▁ ▁" Al p see " ▁( 1 9 9 5 ) ▁ ▁" P ens ão ▁Glo bo " ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁ ▁" V ac ancy " ▁( 1 9 9 8 ) ▁ ▁" P ho enix ▁T apes " ▁( 2 0 0 0 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁▁ ▁" B ree ze " ▁( 2 0 0 0 ) ▁ ▁" N eb el " ▁(" F og ", ▁ 2 0 0 0 ) ▁ ▁" Ph antom " ▁( 2 0 0 1 / 2 ) ▁ ▁" Man ual " ▁( 2 0 0 2 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" Be acon " ▁( 2 0 0 2 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" Play " ▁( 2 0 0 3 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" M ir ror " ▁( 2 0 |
0 3 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" Al bum " ▁( 2 0 0 4 ) ▁ ▁" K rist all " ▁( 2 0 0 6 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" H ide " ▁( 2 0 0 6 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" Lo comot ive " ▁( 2 0 0 8 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" Cont re - j our " ▁( 2 0 0 9 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" Maybe ▁S iam " ▁( 2 0 0 9 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" M eteor " ▁( 2 0 1 1 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" C ut " ▁( 2 0 1 3 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" person ne " ▁( 2 0 1 6 , ▁together ▁with ▁Christoph ▁Gir ard et ) ▁ ▁" A ir " ▁( 2 0 1 6 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁http :// www . film portal . de / person / mat th ias - mu eller _ 3 d 4 2 e 2 6 8 7 bf 2 4 a 7 0 b 1 aa 6 9 3 e 5 4 9 0 c 1 d 5 ▁ ▁http :// www . film portal . de / node / 2 6 4 3 0 |
7 / material / 1 2 8 0 7 0 4 ▁ ▁http :// fil ms . ars en al - ber lin . de / index . php / Search / Index / search / entity % 3 AM at th ias + M % C 3 % BC ll er ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : G erman ▁experimental ▁film m akers ▁Category : G erman ▁artists ▁Category : Go ethe ▁University ▁Frankfurt ▁fac ulty <0x0A> </s> ▁E lections ▁to ▁the ▁Legisl ative ▁Council ▁for ▁the ▁State ▁of ▁A den ▁were ▁held ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁October ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁ ▁Background ▁The ▁elections ▁had ▁originally ▁been ▁scheduled ▁for ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁but ▁after ▁being ▁post pon ed , ▁they ▁took ▁place ▁amid ▁w ides p read ▁un rest ; ▁political ▁det ent ions ▁were ▁common ▁and ▁public ▁meet ings ▁were ▁b anned . ▁The ▁major ▁political ▁parties , ▁including ▁the ▁People ' s ▁Social ist ▁Party ▁( P SP ), ▁all ▁boy c otted ▁the ▁elections . ▁ ▁A ▁total ▁of ▁ 4 8 ▁candidates ▁cont ested ▁the ▁ 1 6 ▁elected ▁seats . ▁ ▁Results ▁Despite ▁the ▁boy c ott , ▁vot er ▁turn out ▁was ▁ 7 6 %. ▁A ▁man ▁imprison ed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁air port ▁gr en ade ▁attack ▁against ▁the ▁British ▁deleg ation ▁received ▁ 9 8 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁in ▁Cr ater , |
▁and ▁ 1 4 ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁ 1 6 ▁elected ▁council ▁members ▁successfully ▁demanded ▁that ▁he ▁be ▁released ▁from ▁prison ▁and ▁se ated ▁on ▁the ▁council . ▁Z ain ▁Bah ar oon ▁initially ▁continued ▁as ▁Chief ▁Minister , ▁but ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁the ▁P SP ' s ▁Abd ul q aw i ▁Mak ka wi ▁in ▁March ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 4 ▁elections ▁in ▁Asia ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁Category : 2 0 th ▁century ▁in ▁the ▁Col ony ▁of ▁A den ▁Category : 1 9 6 4 ▁in ▁the ▁Federation ▁of ▁South ▁Arab ia ▁Category : 1 9 6 4 ▁in ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁Category : Oct ober ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁events <0x0A> </s> ▁Chris ▁Washington ▁( born ▁March ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 6 2 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁American ▁football ▁line back er . ▁He ▁played ▁profession ally ▁in ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁( N FL ) ▁for ▁the ▁T ampa ▁Bay ▁Bu cc ane ers , ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁and ▁the ▁Phoenix ▁Card inals . ▁Chris ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers ▁Super ▁Bowl ▁Championship ▁Team ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁He ▁played ▁seven ▁seasons ▁in ▁NFL , ▁ 5 ▁years ▁with ▁T ampa ▁Bay ▁Bu cc ane er , ▁ 1 ▁year ▁with ▁Phoenix ▁Card inals ▁and ▁a ▁year ▁with ▁San ▁Francisco ▁ 4 9 ers . ▁Chris |
▁still ▁holds ▁the ▁leading ▁record ▁in ▁tack les ▁of ▁ 4 5 7 ▁at ▁Iowa ▁State ▁University ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Om ega ▁P si ▁Ph i ▁frat ern ity . ▁Chris ' ▁career ▁ended ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁inj uries ▁. ▁He ▁currently ▁res ides ▁in ▁F ount ain ▁Hills , ▁Arizona . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁football ▁line back ers ▁Category : I owa ▁State ▁Cy cl ones ▁football ▁players ▁Category : P ho enix ▁Card inals ▁players ▁Category : T ampa ▁Bay ▁Bu cc ane ers ▁players ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Jackson , ▁Mississippi ▁Category : Play ers ▁of ▁American ▁football ▁from ▁Mississippi <0x0A> </s> ▁Ph lo e ot rib us ▁lim in aris , ▁the ▁pe ach ▁b ark ▁be et le , ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁c ren ulate ▁b ark ▁be et le ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Cur cul ion idae . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : S col yt inae ▁Category : Art icles ▁created ▁by ▁Q bug bot ▁Category : Be et les ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 2 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Senior ▁Bowl ▁was ▁an ▁all - star ▁college ▁football ▁exhibition ▁game ▁featuring ▁players ▁from ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁college ▁football ▁season , ▁and ▁prospect s ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁D raft ▁of ▁the ▁professional ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁( N FL ), |
▁as ▁well ▁as ▁for ▁the ▁United ▁Football ▁League ' s ▁inaug ural ▁draft . ▁ ▁The ▁ 6 1 st ▁edition ▁of ▁the ▁Senior ▁Bowl ▁was ▁played ▁on ▁January ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁at ▁ 3 ▁p . m . ▁local ▁time ▁at ▁L add – Pe eb les ▁Stadium ▁in ▁Mobile , ▁Alabama . ▁Cover age ▁of ▁the ▁event ▁was ▁in ▁high - definition ▁on ▁the ▁NFL ▁Network . ▁Cl othing ▁company ▁Under ▁Arm our ▁spons ored ▁the ▁event ▁for ▁the ▁fourth ▁consecutive ▁year ▁and ▁provided ▁app arel ▁for ▁the ▁game . ▁The ▁North ▁team ▁won , ▁ 3 1 – 1 3 . ▁ ▁Sc oring ▁summary ▁ ▁Co aching ▁staff ▁ ▁North ▁Team ▁ ▁South ▁Team ▁ ▁Rost ers ▁M ard y ▁G ily ard ▁W on ▁Off ensive ▁M VP ▁in ▁Senior ▁Bowl . ▁ ▁North ▁Team ▁ ▁South ▁Team ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : S en ior ▁Bowl ▁Senior ▁Bowl <0x0A> </s> ▁Events ▁from ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 6 8 3 ▁in ▁France . ▁ ▁Inc umb ents ▁ ▁Mon arch : ▁Louis ▁XIV ▁ ▁Events ▁ ▁B irth s ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁February ▁ 2 8 ▁– ▁René ▁Antoine ▁Fer ch ault ▁de ▁Ré aum ur , ▁French ▁scient ist ▁( d . ▁ 1 7 5 7 ) ▁ ▁June ▁ 2 3 ▁– ▁Et ienne ▁Four mont , ▁French ▁orient al ist ▁( d . ▁ 1 7 4 5 ) ▁ ▁September ▁ 2 5 ▁– ▁Jean - Ph ili |
ppe ▁R ame au , ▁French ▁composer ▁( d . ▁ 1 7 6 4 ) ▁ ▁Death s ▁▁▁▁ ▁July ▁ 1 0 ▁– ▁François - E udes ▁de ▁Mé zer ay , ▁French ▁historian ▁( b . ▁ 1 6 1 0 ) ▁ ▁July ▁ 3 0 ▁– ▁Maria ▁Ther esa ▁of ▁Spain , ▁first ▁wife ▁of ▁Louis ▁XIV ▁of ▁France ▁( b . ▁ 1 6 3 8 ) ▁ ▁September ▁ 6 ▁– ▁Jean - B apt iste ▁Col bert , ▁French ▁minister ▁of ▁fin ance ▁( b . ▁ 1 6 1 9 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 6 8 3 ▁in ▁Europe ▁Category : Year s ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁century ▁in ▁France ▁Category : 1 6 8 3 ▁by ▁country <0x0A> </s> ▁Lieutenant ▁General ▁John ▁William ▁Leonard ▁( J anu ary ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 8 9 0 ▁– ▁October ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 7 4 ) ▁was ▁a ▁highly ▁decor ated ▁senior ▁United ▁States ▁Army ▁officer ▁who ▁served ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁I , ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁and ▁Cold ▁War . ▁ ▁Early ▁years ▁and ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁John ▁William ▁Leonard ▁was ▁born ▁on ▁January ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 8 9 0 ▁in ▁To led o , ▁Ohio ▁as ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁Dennis ▁and ▁An ast asia ▁Leonard . ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Military ▁Academy ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁" the ▁class ▁the |
▁stars ▁fell ▁on ", ▁a ▁famous ▁class ▁of ▁West ▁Point , ▁from ▁which ▁D w ight ▁D . ▁Eisen h ower ▁or ▁O mar ▁N . ▁Brad ley ▁graduated . ▁Many ▁years ▁later ▁D w ight ▁D . ▁Eisen h ower ▁would ▁introduce ▁John ▁to ▁his ▁future ▁wife . ▁ ▁His ▁first ▁war ▁service ▁was ▁at ▁Mexico ▁– ▁United ▁States ▁border . ▁Then , ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁he ▁was ▁sent ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Infantry ▁Regiment ▁of ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁within ▁American ▁Ex ped ition ary ▁Forces ▁to ▁the ▁France . ▁ ▁Re aching ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁major , ▁Leonard ▁commanded ▁a ▁batt alion ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Infantry ▁Regiment ▁during ▁Battle ▁of ▁Saint - M ih iel ▁and ▁Me use - Arg onne ▁Off ensive . ▁For ▁his ▁bra very ▁on ▁the ▁battle field ▁near ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Rom agne - s ous - Mont f au con , ▁Major ▁Leonard ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁lieutenant ▁colon el ▁and ▁decor ated ▁with ▁the ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service ▁Cross , ▁Pur ple ▁Heart ▁French ▁Leg ion ▁of ▁Honor , ▁Cro ix ▁de ▁Guerre ▁with ▁Pal m ▁and ▁French ▁Four rag ère . ▁ ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service ▁Cross ▁c itation ▁His ▁official ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service ▁Cross ▁c itation ▁reads : ▁General ▁Or ders : ▁War ▁Department , ▁General ▁Or ders ▁No . ▁ 3 7 ▁( 1 9 1 9 ) ▁Action ▁Date : ▁October ▁ 1 |
4 , ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁Name : ▁John ▁William ▁Leonard ▁Service : ▁Army ▁Rank : ▁Lieutenant ▁Colonel ▁Regiment : ▁ 6 th ▁Infantry ▁Regiment ▁Division : ▁ 5 th ▁Division , ▁American ▁Ex ped ition ary ▁Forces ▁C itation : ▁The ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁of ▁America , ▁author ized ▁by ▁Act ▁of ▁Congress , ▁July ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁takes ▁pleasure ▁in ▁present ing ▁the ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service ▁Cross ▁to ▁Lieutenant ▁Colonel ▁( Inf antry ), ▁[ then ▁Major ] ▁John ▁William ▁Leonard ▁( AS N : ▁ 0 - 3 8 4 0 ), ▁United ▁States ▁Army , ▁for ▁extraordinary ▁hero ism ▁in ▁action ▁while ▁serving ▁with ▁ 6 th ▁Infantry ▁Regiment , ▁ 5 th ▁Division , ▁A . E . F ., ▁near ▁Rom agne , ▁France , ▁ 1 4 ▁October ▁ 1 9 1 8 . ▁Lieutenant ▁Colonel ▁Leonard ▁personally ▁led ▁the ▁assault ing ▁wave ▁in ▁an ▁attack ▁under ▁severe ▁shell ▁and ▁machine - gun ▁fire ▁from ▁the ▁front ▁ar id ▁fl anks . ▁Upon ▁reaching ▁the ▁objective ▁he ▁directed ▁the ▁organization ▁of ▁the ▁position , ▁and ▁by ▁his ▁example ▁of ▁fear less ness ▁r al lied ▁his ▁men ▁and ▁kept ▁his ▁line ▁int act . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁war , ▁Leonard ▁stayed ▁in ▁Europe ▁for ▁occupation ▁duties ▁until ▁October , ▁ 1 9 2 1 . ▁Then ▁he ▁served ▁on ▁various ▁posts , ▁including ▁ ▁a ▁posting ▁to ▁T ient sin ▁China ▁ 1 9 3 3 |
– 1 9 3 6 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 6 , ▁Leonard ▁was ▁appointed ▁an ▁Inst ruct or ▁for ▁Maryland ▁National ▁Guard ▁and ▁stayed ▁in ▁this ▁capacity ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁Then ▁he ▁spent ▁some ▁time ▁on ▁the ▁staff ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Infantry ▁Division ▁under ▁command ▁of ▁Major ▁General ▁James ▁Law ton ▁Collins . ▁ ▁Second ▁World ▁War ▁During ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 9 4 1 , ▁Leonard ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁capacity ▁of ▁the ▁command ing ▁officer ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Arm ored ▁Infantry ▁Regiment , ▁which ▁was ▁now ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Arm ored ▁Division ▁under ▁the ▁command ▁of ▁Major ▁General ▁Bruce ▁Mag r uder . ▁During ▁this ▁time , ▁ 6 th ▁Arm ored ▁Infantry ▁Regiment ▁was ▁station ed ▁with ▁whole ▁ 1 st ▁Arm ored ▁Division ▁at ▁Fort ▁Kno x ▁in ▁Kentucky . ▁Leonard ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁brig ad ier ▁general ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁summer ▁of ▁ 1 9 4 2 ▁Brig ad ier ▁General ▁Leonard ▁was ▁put ▁in ▁command ▁of ▁the ▁newly ▁activ ated ▁ 9 th ▁Arm ored ▁Division ▁at ▁Fort ▁R iley , ▁Kansas . ▁In ▁this ▁capacity , ▁Leonard ▁replaced ▁Major ▁General ▁Geoff rey ▁Key es ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁September , ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁On ▁October ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 1 9 4 2 , ▁Leonard ▁got ▁his ▁second ▁star , ▁when ▁he ▁was |
▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁major ▁general . ▁ ▁Two ▁years ▁later , ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 4 , ▁ 9 th ▁Arm ored ▁Division ▁was ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁from ▁where ▁it ▁was ▁immediately ▁ordered ▁to ▁Norm andy . ▁ ▁Leonard ▁continued ▁as ▁its ▁commander ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁war , ▁when ▁he ▁became ▁commander ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁Arm ored ▁Division . ▁During ▁the ▁period ▁between ▁the ▁wars , ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁command ant ▁of ▁the ▁Arm or ▁School ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 6 , ▁and ▁as ▁military ▁attach é ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 8 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁he ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁lieutenant ▁general ▁and ▁commanded ▁both ▁the ▁V ▁Corps ▁and ▁the ▁XVIII ▁Air bor ne ▁Corps ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁re est ab lished ▁on ▁ 3 1 ▁May ▁ 1 9 5 1 . ▁He ▁retired ▁from ▁the ▁army ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 5 2 . ▁ ▁Dec or ations ▁Lieutenant ▁General ▁Leonard ´ s ▁rib bon ▁bar : ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Military ▁career ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 9 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁death s ▁Category : B ur ial s ▁at ▁Ar ling ton ▁National ▁C emetery ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Military ▁Academy ▁al umn i ▁Category : American ▁army ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service ▁Cross ▁( Un |
ited ▁States ) ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service ▁Medal ▁( US ▁Army ) ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Silver ▁Star ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Leg ion ▁of ▁Mer it ▁Category : Gr adu ates ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Military ▁Academy ▁Class ▁of ▁ 1 9 1 5 <0x0A> </s> ▁Every body ▁Lov es ▁a ▁Good ▁Dr ought ▁is ▁a ▁book , ▁by ▁P . ▁Sain ath , ▁about ▁his ▁research ▁find ings ▁of ▁pover ty ▁in ▁the ▁rural ▁districts ▁of ▁India . ▁The ▁book ▁won ▁him ▁the ▁Ram on ▁M ags ays ay ▁Award . ▁ ▁Sain ath ▁wrote ▁the ▁book ▁by ▁combining ▁ 8 4 ▁articles ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁written ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁for ▁the ▁Times ▁of ▁India , ▁while ▁res iding ▁in ▁the ▁poor est ▁villages ▁in ▁the ▁inter iors ▁of ▁India , ▁especially ▁T amil ▁N adu , ▁what ▁today ▁is ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁Tel eng ana , ▁And h ra ▁Pr adesh , ▁Or issa , ▁Mad h ya ▁Pr adesh ▁and ▁what ▁is ▁today ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁Ch h att is gar h ▁on ▁a ▁two - year ▁Ben nett ▁and ▁Cole man ▁fellow ship . ▁The ▁articles ▁give ▁extensive ▁detail ▁of ▁how ▁various ▁government ▁projects ▁do ▁and ▁do ▁not ▁work ▁at ▁the ▁ground ▁level , ▁and ▁whether ▁they ▁actually ▁deliver ▁any ▁of ▁their ▁promised ▁results ▁in ▁reality . ▁He ▁wrote ▁the ▁stories ▁by ▁detail ing ▁out ▁the |
▁projects ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁lives ▁of ▁vill agers ▁living ▁in ▁these ▁places , ▁supp lement ing ▁them ▁with ▁detailed ▁statistics . ▁ ▁Div ided ▁into ▁separate ▁sections ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁issues ▁that ▁the ▁chap ters ▁deal ▁with , ▁ ▁the ▁book ▁sc ath ingly ▁un ve ils ▁how ▁trick le ▁up ▁and ▁down ▁theories ▁do ▁not ▁work ▁in ▁reality ▁in ▁the ▁country , ▁and ▁the ▁st unning ly ▁high ▁levels ▁of ▁cor ruption ▁in ▁so ▁called ▁development ▁projects . ▁ ▁The ▁book ▁is ▁considered ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁detailed , ▁authentic , ▁highly ▁regarded ▁and ▁readable ▁studies ▁of ▁modern ▁India . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Book s ▁about ▁India ▁Category : 1 9 9 6 ▁non - f iction ▁books ▁Category : 1 9 9 6 ▁in ▁the ▁environment ▁Category : F am ines ▁in ▁India ▁Category : P over ty ▁in ▁India ▁Category : So cial ▁research <0x0A> </s> ▁Enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁the ▁order ▁Micro sp or idia ▁which ▁inf ect s ▁the ▁int est inal ▁ep ith el ial ▁cells . ▁It ▁is ▁an ▁oblig ate ▁int rac ell ular ▁par as ite . ▁ ▁Micro bi ology ▁ ▁Enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i , ▁commonly ▁known ▁as ▁micro sp or idia , ▁is ▁a ▁un ic ell ular , ▁oblig ate ▁int rac ell ular ▁e uk ary ote . ▁Their ▁life ▁cycle ▁includes ▁a ▁pro l ifer ative ▁mer og onic ▁stage , |
▁followed ▁by ▁a ▁sp or og onic ▁stage ▁resulting ▁in ▁small , ▁environment ally ▁resist ant , ▁inf ect ive ▁sp ores , ▁which ▁is ▁their ▁transmission ▁mode . ▁The ▁sp ores ▁contain ▁a ▁long , ▁co iled ▁polar ▁t ube , ▁which ▁distingu ishes ▁them ▁from ▁all ▁other ▁organ isms ▁and ▁has ▁a ▁cru cial ▁role ▁in ▁host ▁cell ▁invasion . ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁was ▁first ▁found ▁in ▁an ▁A ID S ▁patient ▁in ▁France ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁and ▁was ▁later ▁found ▁in ▁sw ine ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁in ▁f ec al ▁samples . ▁It ▁causes ▁di arr he a — th us ▁the ▁p igs ▁ex crete ▁more ▁sp ores , ▁causing ▁the ▁disease ▁to ▁spread . ▁As ▁this ▁path ogen ▁is ▁very ▁pre val ent ▁throughout ▁the ▁world , ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁is ▁found ▁in ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁hosts ▁including ▁p igs , ▁humans , ▁and ▁other ▁m amm als . ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁can ▁be ▁studied ▁using ▁T EM , ▁light ▁micro sc opy , ▁PC R ▁and ▁imm un of lu ores c ence ▁and ▁can ▁be ▁cult ured ▁for ▁short - term . ▁It ▁is ▁not ▁yet ▁known ▁whether ▁the ▁path ogen ▁itself ▁can ▁be ▁inf ected ▁by ▁other ▁dise ases . ▁There ▁seems ▁to ▁be ▁w ides p read ▁economic ▁imp lications ▁of ▁in fection ▁by ▁this ▁path ogen ▁for ▁the ▁sw ine ▁industry . ▁Several ▁treat ments , ▁including |
▁f um ag ill in ▁and ▁alb end az ole ▁have ▁showed ▁promise ▁in ▁tre ating ▁in fection ▁( Math is ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 5 ). ▁ ▁Disc over ing ▁the ▁disease ▁The ▁earliest ▁reference ▁to ▁the ▁order ▁Micro sp or idia ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁mid - 2 0 th ▁century . ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁was ▁first ▁found ▁in ▁an ▁A ID S ▁patient ▁in ▁France ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁The ▁electron ▁mic ros cope ▁studies ▁revealed ▁presence ▁of ▁development al ▁stages ▁of ▁par as ite ▁res emb ling ▁micro sp or idia . ▁The ▁investig ators ▁then ▁named ▁it ▁as ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁( Des port es ▁et ▁al . ▁ 1 9 8 5 ). ▁The ▁presence ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁in ▁sw ine ▁was ▁first ▁detected ▁in ▁f ec al ▁samples ▁of ▁p igs ▁in ▁Zur ich , ▁Switzerland ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁( Dep la zes ▁et ▁al . ▁ 1 9 9 6 ) ▁ ▁Cult uring ▁Short - term ▁cult uring ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁was ▁achieved ▁by ▁in oc ulating ▁du oden al ▁asp ir ate ▁and ▁bi ops y ▁spec im ens ▁into ▁E 6 ▁and ▁H L F ▁mon ol ay ers . ▁The ▁short - term ▁cult ures ▁last ed ▁up ▁to ▁ 6 ▁months . ▁After ▁several ▁weeks ▁of ▁culture , ▁gram - pos itive ▁sp ore - like ▁structures ▁meas |
uring ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 1 . 2 um ▁long ▁were ▁observed . ▁M ature ▁sp ores ▁and ▁sp or ob last s ▁with ▁double ▁rows ▁of ▁polar ▁tub ule ▁co ils ▁were ▁seen ▁( Vis ves var a ▁ 2 0 0 2 ). ▁Long ▁term ▁cult uring ▁seems ▁to ▁be ▁un success ful . ▁ ▁Study ▁and ▁detection ▁methods ▁Light ▁micro sc opy ▁of ▁st ained ▁clin ical ▁sm ears , ▁especially ▁of ▁f ec al ▁samples , ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁diagn ose ▁micro sp or idia ▁in fe ctions .. ▁Trans mission ▁electron ▁micro sc opy ▁is ▁required ▁to ▁differenti ate ▁between ▁species ▁of ▁micro sp or idia , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁time ▁cons uming ▁and ▁expensive . ▁Im mun of lu ores c ence ▁Ass ays ▁using ▁mon oc l onal ▁and ▁poly cl onal ▁ant ib od ies ▁are ▁used , ▁and ▁PC R ▁has ▁recently ▁been ▁employed ▁for ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁( CD C ). ▁ ▁Life ▁cycle ▁ ▁The ▁inf ect ive ▁form ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁is ▁the ▁resist ant ▁sp ore ▁and ▁it ▁can ▁surv ive ▁for ▁a ▁long ▁time ▁in ▁the ▁environment . ▁ ▁The ▁sp ore ▁extends ▁its ▁polar ▁tub ule ▁and ▁inf ect s ▁the ▁host ▁cell . ▁▁ ▁The ▁sp ore ▁inject s ▁the ▁inf ect ive ▁sp or op las m ▁into ▁the ▁e uk ary otic ▁host ▁cell ▁through ▁the ▁polar ▁tub ule . ▁ ▁Inside ▁the ▁cell , ▁the ▁sp |
or op las m ▁under go es ▁extensive ▁multiplication ▁either ▁by ▁mer og ony ▁( binary ▁f ission ) ▁or ▁sch iz og ony ▁( multiple ▁f ission ). ▁ ▁This ▁development ▁occurs ▁in ▁direct ▁contact ▁with ▁the ▁host ▁cell ▁cy top las m . ▁In ▁the ▁cy top las m , ▁micro sp or idia ▁develop ▁by ▁sp or og ony ▁to ▁m ature ▁sp ores . ▁ ▁During ▁sp or og ony , ▁a ▁thick ▁wall ▁is ▁formed ▁around ▁the ▁sp ore , ▁which ▁provides ▁resistance ▁to ▁ad verse ▁environmental ▁conditions . ▁When ▁the ▁sp ores ▁increase ▁in ▁number ▁and ▁completely ▁fill ▁the ▁host ▁cell ▁cy top las m , ▁the ▁cell ▁memb rane ▁is ▁dis rupted ▁and ▁releases ▁the ▁sp ores ▁to ▁the ▁surr ound ings . ▁These ▁free ▁m ature ▁sp ores ▁can ▁inf ect ▁new ▁cells ▁thus ▁continu ing ▁the ▁cycle ▁( Des port es ▁ 1 9 8 5 ). ▁ ▁Trans mission ▁mode ▁Ener ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁is ▁transport ed ▁through ▁environment ▁resist ant ▁sp ores . ▁ ▁Common ▁environmental ▁sources ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁include ▁d itch ▁and ▁other ▁surface ▁waters , ▁and ▁several ▁species ▁of ▁micro sp or idia ▁can ▁be ▁isolated ▁from ▁such ▁sources ▁indicating ▁that ▁the ▁disease ▁may ▁be ▁water bor ne . ▁ ▁The ▁different ▁modes ▁of ▁transmission ▁that ▁may ▁be ▁possible ▁include ▁the ▁f ec al - oral ▁or ▁or al - oral ▁route , ▁in hal ation ▁of ▁a eros ols |
, ▁or ▁ing estion ▁of ▁food ▁cont amin ated ▁with ▁f ec al ▁material ▁( Math is ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 5 ). ▁Furthermore , ▁there ▁seem ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁close ▁relationship ▁between ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁stra ins ▁from ▁humans ▁and ▁p igs , ▁suggesting ▁the ▁absence ▁of ▁transmission ▁bar rier ▁between ▁p igs ▁and ▁humans ▁for ▁this ▁par as ite ▁( R inder ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 0 ). ▁ ▁Anim als , ▁particularly ▁p igs , ▁may ▁play ▁a ▁role ▁of ▁z oon otic ▁res er voir ▁in ▁transm itting ▁the ▁disease ▁to ▁other ▁organ isms ▁( A bre u - Ac osta ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 5 ), ▁( L ores ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 2 ). ▁Both ▁vertical ▁and ▁horizontal ▁transm issions ▁are ▁possible . ▁ ▁Host s ▁Host s ▁include ▁p igs , ▁fish , ▁birds , ▁cattle , ▁human ▁( including ▁H . ▁ne ander th al ensis ), ▁and ▁other ▁m amm als , ▁such ▁as ▁mon keys . ▁ ▁Effect s ▁on ▁hosts ▁Enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁is ▁a ▁common ▁par as ite ▁in ▁p igs ▁and ▁it ▁causes ▁di arr he a , ▁from ▁self - limited ▁to ▁severe ▁forms . ▁This ▁is ▁documented ▁by ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁int est inal ▁les ions ▁in ▁p igs ▁experiment ally ▁inf ected ▁with ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁( Math is ▁et ▁al . ▁ |
2 0 0 5 ). ▁The ▁p igs ▁that ▁were ▁inf ected ▁with ▁this ▁disease ▁ex cret ed ▁more ▁sp ores . ▁ ▁Tre at ment ▁In hib itors ▁of ▁ch it in ▁synth ase ▁en zym es ▁seem ▁to ▁be ▁effective ▁against ▁this ▁path ogen . ▁F um ag ill in ▁and ▁alb end az ole ▁treat ments ▁seem ▁prom ising ▁in ▁sw ine ▁( Math is ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 5 ). ▁ ▁Pre val ence ▁It ▁is ▁very ▁common ▁in ▁p igs ▁and ▁seems ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁natural ▁path ogen ▁in ▁animals ▁such ▁as ▁p igs ▁( L ores ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 2 ). ▁In ▁some ▁communities ▁of ▁p igs , ▁the ▁pre val ence ▁rates ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁reached ▁ 3 7 % ▁( Math ias ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 5 ). ▁There ▁are ▁no ▁recorded ▁large ▁ep ide m ics ▁yet . ▁PC R ▁analysis ▁in ▁Czech ▁Republic ▁revealed ▁existence ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁in ▁ 9 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁samples ▁indicating ▁the ▁large ▁presence ▁of ▁E . ▁b iene us i ▁in ▁sw ine , ▁and ▁that ▁they ▁may ▁be ▁naturally ▁occurr ing ▁( S ak ▁et ▁al . ▁ 2 0 0 8 ). ▁ ▁Econom ic ▁impact ▁Since ▁this ▁is ▁a ▁relatively ▁new ▁finding ▁in ▁p igs , ▁its ▁economic ▁impact ▁has ▁not ▁been ▁studied ▁yet . ▁P ig ▁far ming ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁has ▁an ▁annual |
▁re venue ▁of ▁$ 1 8 ▁billion ▁and ▁ ▁the ▁US ▁has ▁about ▁ 7 5 0 0 0 ▁p ig ▁far ms . ▁In fection ▁in ▁even ▁a ▁few ▁p igs ▁can ▁be ▁dev ast ating , ▁as ▁the ▁disease ▁is ▁easily ▁spread . ▁Moreover , ▁these ▁p igs ▁can ▁serve ▁as ▁z oon otic ▁res er voir s ▁for ▁E . ▁b iene us i , ▁making ▁transmission ▁to ▁other ▁animals ▁and ▁humans ▁possible . ▁Since ▁the ▁transmission ▁from ▁sw ine ▁to ▁other ▁humans ▁and ▁animals ▁is ▁not ▁studied ▁yet , ▁this ▁may ▁cause ▁a ▁major ▁impact ▁on ▁the ▁health ▁of ▁this ▁country . ▁Moreover , ▁in ▁other ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁world , ▁such ▁as ▁China , ▁where ▁the ▁p ig ▁industry ▁is ▁a ▁major ▁economic ▁component ▁and ▁where ▁humans ▁and ▁p igs ▁live ▁in ▁crow ded ▁conditions , ▁the ▁disease ▁can ▁be ▁very ▁easily ▁spread ▁and ▁can ▁have ▁a ▁potentially ▁major ▁impact ▁on ▁the ▁economy . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁A bre u - Ac osta , ▁N ., ▁Lorenzo - Mor ales , ▁J ., ▁Le al - Gu io , ▁Y ., ▁Cor on ado - Al vare z , ▁N ., ▁For onda , ▁P ., ▁Alc oba - Fl ore z , ▁J ., ▁Iz quier do , ▁F ., ▁Bat ista - D ia z , ▁N ., ▁Del ▁Agu ila , ▁C ., ▁& ▁Vall ad ares , ▁B . ▁( 2 0 0 5 ). ▁Enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i |
▁( m icro sp or idia ) ▁in ▁clin ical ▁samples ▁from ▁imm uno comp et ent ▁individuals ▁in ▁tener ife , ▁can ary ▁islands , ▁Spain . ▁Trans actions ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Society ▁of ▁Trop ical ▁Medicine ▁and ▁H yg iene , ▁ 9 9 ( 1 1 ), ▁ 8 4 8 - 8 5 5 . ▁▁ ▁Bre iten mos er , ▁A . ▁C ., ▁Math is , ▁A ., ▁Burg i , ▁E ., ▁We ber , ▁R ., ▁& ▁Dep la zes , ▁P . ▁( 1 9 9 9 ). ▁High ▁pre val ence ▁of ▁enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁in ▁sw ine ▁with ▁four ▁gen ot ypes ▁that ▁differ ▁from ▁those ▁identified ▁in ▁humans . ▁Par as it ology , ▁ 1 1 8 ▁( ▁P t ▁ 5 )( P t ▁ 5 ), ▁ 4 4 7 - 4 5 3 . ▁ ▁Dep la zes , ▁P ., ▁Math is , ▁A ., ▁M ull er , ▁C ., ▁& ▁We ber , ▁R . ▁( 1 9 9 6 ). ▁M ole cular ▁ep ide mi ology ▁of ▁en ce phal ito zo on ▁c unic uli ▁and ▁first ▁detection ▁of ▁enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁in ▁fa ec al ▁samples ▁of ▁p igs . ▁The ▁Journal ▁of ▁E uk ary otic ▁Micro bi ology , ▁ 4 3 ( 5 ), ▁ 9 3 S . ▁ ▁Des port es , ▁I |
., ▁Le ▁Char pent ier , ▁Y ., ▁Gal ian , ▁A ., ▁Bernard , ▁F ., ▁C och and - P ri ol let , ▁B ., ▁La ver g ne , ▁A ., ▁Rav isse , ▁P ., ▁& ▁Mod igli ani , ▁R . ▁( 1 9 8 5 ). ▁Occ urrence ▁of ▁a ▁new ▁micro sp or idan : ▁Enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁n . g ., ▁n . ▁sp ., ▁in ▁the ▁enter ocy tes ▁of ▁a ▁human ▁patient ▁with ▁A ID S . ▁The ▁Journal ▁of ▁Pro to zo ology , ▁ 3 2 ( 2 ), ▁ 2 5 0 - 2 5 4 . ▁ ▁Ke eling , ▁P . ▁J ., ▁& ▁Fast , ▁N . ▁M . ▁( 2 0 0 2 ). ▁Micro sp or idia : ▁Bi ology ▁and ▁evolution ▁of ▁highly ▁reduced ▁int rac ell ular ▁par as ites . ▁Ann ual ▁Review ▁of ▁Micro bi ology , ▁ 5 6 , ▁ 9 3 - 1 1 6 . ▁▁ ▁L ores , ▁B ., ▁del ▁Agu ila , ▁C ., ▁& ▁A rias , ▁C . ▁( 2 0 0 2 ). ▁Enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁( m icro sp or idia ) ▁in ▁fa ec al ▁samples ▁from ▁domestic ▁animals ▁from ▁gal icia , ▁Spain . ▁Mem ó rias ▁do ▁Instituto ▁O sw al do ▁Cruz , ▁ 9 7 ( 7 ), ▁ 9 4 1 |
- 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁Math is , ▁A ., ▁We ber , ▁R ., ▁& ▁Dep la zes , ▁P . ▁( 2 0 0 5 ). ▁Z oon otic ▁potential ▁of ▁the ▁micro sp or idia . ▁C lin ical ▁Micro bi ology ▁Re views , ▁ 1 8 ( 3 ), ▁ 4 2 3 - 4 4 5 . 2 0 0 5 ▁ ▁P ag orn rat , ▁W ., ▁Le el ay o ova , ▁S ., ▁Rang sin , ▁R ., ▁Tan - A ri ya , ▁P ., ▁Na ag lor , ▁T ., ▁& ▁M ung th in , ▁M . ▁( 2 0 0 9 ). ▁Car riage ▁rate ▁of ▁enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁in ▁an ▁or phan age ▁in ▁b ang k ok , ▁Th ailand . ▁Journal ▁of ▁C lin ical ▁Micro bi ology , ▁ 4 7 ( 1 1 ), ▁ 3 7 3 9 - 3 7 4 1 . ▁ ▁R inder , ▁H ., ▁Thom sch ke , ▁A ., ▁D eng jel , ▁B ., ▁G othe , ▁R ., ▁Los cher , ▁T ., ▁& ▁Z ah ler , ▁M . ▁( 2 0 0 0 ). ▁Close ▁gen ot yp ic ▁relationship ▁between ▁enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁from ▁humans ▁and ▁p igs ▁and ▁first ▁detection ▁in ▁cattle . ▁The ▁Journal ▁of ▁Par as it ology , ▁ 8 6 ( 1 ), |
▁ 1 8 5 - 1 8 8 . ▁ ▁Sak , ▁B ., ▁K uc er ova , ▁Z ., ▁K v ac , ▁M ., ▁K vet on ova , ▁D ., ▁Rost , ▁M ., ▁& ▁Sec or , ▁E . ▁W . ▁( 2 0 1 0 ). ▁Ser op os itivity ▁for ▁enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i , ▁Czech ▁Republic . ▁Emer ging ▁In fect ious ▁D ise ases , ▁ 1 6 ( 2 ), ▁ 3 3 5 - 3 3 7 . ▁ ▁Sak , ▁B ., ▁K v ac , ▁M ., ▁H anz lik ova , ▁D ., ▁& ▁C ama , ▁V . ▁( 2 0 0 8 ). ▁First ▁report ▁of ▁enter ocy to zo on ▁b iene us i ▁in fection ▁on ▁a ▁p ig ▁farm ▁in ▁the ▁Czech ▁Republic . ▁V eter inary ▁Par as it ology , ▁ 1 5 3 ( 3 - 4 ), ▁ 2 2 0 - 2 2 4 . ▁ ▁Vis ves var a , ▁G . ▁S . ▁( 2 0 0 2 ). ▁In ▁vit ro ▁cultiv ation ▁of ▁micro sp or idia ▁of ▁clin ical ▁importance . ▁C lin ical ▁Micro bi ology ▁Re views , ▁ 1 5 ( 3 ), ▁ 4 0 1 - 4 1 3 . ▁ ▁Notes ▁▁ ▁Category : Par as it ic ▁fung i ▁Category : M icro sp or idia <0x0A> </s> ▁Highway ▁Star ▁may ▁refer |
▁to : ▁" High way ▁Star " ▁( song ), ▁a ▁song ▁on ▁Deep ▁Pur ple ' s ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁album ▁Machine ▁Head ▁Highway ▁Star , ▁the ▁band ▁that ▁became ▁St iff ▁Little ▁F ingers ▁Highway ▁Star ▁( m anga ), ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁graph ic ▁novel ▁by ▁K ats u hi ro ▁Ot omo ▁Highway ▁Star ▁( film ) ▁Highway ▁Star , ▁a ▁Stand ▁featured ▁in ▁Diam ond ▁is ▁Un break able ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁Deep ▁Pur ple ▁song ▁Highway ▁Star ▁or ▁Rad ▁R ac er , ▁a ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁N ES ▁video ▁game ▁by ▁Square ▁Highway ▁Star ▁is ▁car ▁model ▁brand ▁name ▁of ▁N iss an <0x0A> </s> ▁Vi ol ent ▁Mid night ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁American ▁explo itation ▁horror ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁Hill i ard ▁and ▁st arring ▁Lee ▁Phili ps , ▁She pp erd ▁Str ud wick , ▁and ▁Jean ▁H ale . ▁It ▁focus es ▁on ▁a ▁small ▁New ▁England ▁town ▁pl ag ued ▁by ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁slash ing ▁mur ders ▁focused ▁around ▁a ▁women ' s ▁college . ▁ ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁initially ▁titled ▁Black ▁Aut umn , ▁but ▁released ▁as ▁Vi ol ent ▁Mid night , ▁premier ing ▁in ▁Hart ford , ▁Connecticut ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁later ▁re - re leased ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁Psych oman ia ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁ ▁Plot ▁Elli ot ▁Fre eman , ▁a ▁war ▁veter |
an ▁with ▁a ▁family ▁history ▁of ▁mental ▁ill ness , ▁becomes ▁a ▁par iah ▁in ▁his ▁small ▁town ▁after ▁his ▁wealth y ▁father ▁susp ici ously ▁dies ▁in ▁a ▁hunting ▁accident ▁with ▁Elli ot ▁present . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁Elli ot ▁res ides ▁in ▁isol ation ▁at ▁his ▁famil ial ▁man or , ▁and ▁works ▁as ▁a ▁portrait ▁artist . ▁While ▁painting ▁a ▁model , ▁Dol ores ▁Mart ello , ▁Elli ot ▁is ▁visited ▁by ▁his ▁att orney , ▁Ad rian ▁Bened ict . ▁Ad rian ▁presents ▁paper work ▁for ▁Elli ot ▁to ▁sign ▁regarding ▁the ▁payment ▁of ▁his ▁sister ▁Lyn n ' s ▁tu ition . ▁ ▁Later ▁at ▁the ▁local ▁ta vern , ▁Elli ot ▁and ▁Dol ores ' s ▁boy friend ▁Charlie ▁get ▁into ▁a ▁fight . ▁Dol ores ▁leaves ▁with ▁Elli ot , ▁and ▁in ▁private ▁she ▁prof esses ▁her ▁love ▁for ▁him , ▁recall ing ▁a ▁previous ▁sexual ▁encounter ▁they ▁had ▁six ▁months ▁prior . ▁Elli ot ▁decl ines ▁her , ▁and ▁she ▁respond s ▁by ▁telling ▁him ▁she ▁is ▁pre gn ant ▁with ▁Charlie ' s ▁child ; ▁she ▁threat ens ▁to ▁spread ▁rum ors ▁that ▁the ▁child ▁is ▁Elli ot ' s . ▁The ▁two ▁argue , ▁and ▁Elli ot ▁sla ps ▁her ▁when ▁she ▁comp ares ▁him ▁to ▁his ▁" cra zy " ▁father . ▁Later ▁that ▁night , ▁Dol ores ▁is ▁v ici ously ▁st ab bed ▁to ▁death ▁by ▁a ▁clo aked ▁figure . ▁ ▁Lyn n ▁arriv es ▁in ▁town ▁the |
▁next ▁day ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁to ▁transfer ▁to ▁the ▁local ▁women ' s ▁college . ▁When ▁Elli ot ▁brings ▁Lyn n ▁to ▁the ▁college , ▁he ▁meets ▁Carol ▁Bishop , ▁an ▁instruct or ▁there ▁and ▁an ▁old ▁acquaint ance ▁who ▁swift ly ▁takes ▁a ▁lik ing ▁to ▁him . ▁Meanwhile , ▁police ▁Lieutenant ▁Pal mer ▁begins ▁investig ating ▁Dol ores ' s ▁murder , ▁question ing ▁Elli ot ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Charlie , ▁who ▁is ▁employed ▁at ▁the ▁college ▁as ▁a ▁hand yman . ▁Sil via , ▁one ▁of ▁Charlie ' s ▁side ▁girl fri ends , ▁provides ▁a ▁false ▁al ib i ▁for ▁him . ▁Ad rian ▁comes ▁to ▁Elli ot ' s ▁aid ▁when ▁police ▁attempt ▁to ▁el ic it ▁a ▁false ▁conf ession ▁from ▁him . ▁Later , ▁while ▁Charlie ▁is ▁working ▁at ▁the ▁college , ▁a ▁female ▁student , ▁Alice ▁St . ▁Cla ir , ▁makes ▁sexual ▁adv ances ▁toward ▁him , ▁and ▁the ▁two ▁have ▁sex ▁in ▁a ▁clos et . ▁ ▁Lieutenant ▁Pal mer ▁attempts ▁to ▁further ▁close ▁in ▁on ▁Elli ot ▁as ▁a ▁suspect ▁in ▁Dol ores ' s ▁murder , ▁and ▁Elli ot ▁conf esses ▁to ▁Carol ▁that ▁he ▁murder ed ▁his ▁ab us ive ▁father , ▁and ▁that ▁Ad rian ▁helped ▁get ▁him ▁acqu itted . ▁At ▁the ▁ta vern ▁that ▁night , ▁Charlie ▁knock s ▁Elli ot ▁un cons cious ▁before ▁ste aling ▁his ▁car ▁to ▁go ▁skin ny ▁di pping ▁at ▁a ▁lake ▁with ▁Alice . ▁Sil via ▁an gr ily |
▁witness es ▁Charlie ▁leave ▁with ▁Alice . ▁At ▁the ▁lake , ▁Charlie ▁adm its ▁he ▁cannot ▁sw im , ▁and ▁Alice ▁pull s ▁him ▁in ▁the ▁water ▁anyway , ▁resulting ▁in ▁them ▁fighting . ▁He ▁p unch es ▁her , ▁rendering ▁her ▁un cons cious , ▁and ▁subsequently ▁drag s ▁her ▁to ▁the ▁shore ▁before ▁fle eing ▁in ▁his ▁car . ▁When ▁Alice ▁reg ains ▁conscious ness , ▁she ▁is ▁gre et ed ▁by ▁a ▁clo aked ▁figure ▁who ▁slash es ▁her ▁to ▁death . ▁ ▁After ▁news ▁of ▁Alice ' s ▁murder ▁is ▁made ▁public , ▁Sil via ▁becomes ▁convinced ▁Charlie ▁murder ed ▁her , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Dol ores . ▁She ▁calls ▁Lieutenant ▁Pal mer ▁and ▁conf esses ▁she ▁li ed ▁about ▁Charlie ' s ▁al ib i , ▁but ▁before ▁she ▁can ▁finish ▁the ▁call , ▁Charlie ▁attacks ▁her , ▁ri pping ▁out ▁her ▁ear r ings ▁and ▁be ating ▁her ▁before ▁fle eing ▁on ▁his ▁motor cycle . ▁A ▁police ▁ch ase ▁ens ues , ▁but ▁Charlie ▁is ▁app reh ended . ▁Elli ot ▁returns ▁home ▁and ▁receives ▁a ▁phone ▁call ▁from ▁Carol , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁cut ▁short ▁when ▁he ▁is ▁taken ▁host age ▁by ▁Ad rian ▁and ▁his ▁brut ish ▁ch auff eur , ▁Max , ▁who ▁are ▁attempting ▁to ▁esc ort ▁him ▁to ▁a ▁mental ▁institution . ▁Carol ▁arriv es ▁moments ▁after ▁they ▁depart , ▁and ▁Elli ot ▁j umps ▁from ▁the ▁moving ▁car , ▁man aging ▁to ▁e va de ▁them ▁by ▁hiding ▁in ▁the |
▁woods . ▁Search ing ▁for ▁Elli ot , ▁Carol ▁enters ▁his ▁m ansion , ▁followed ▁by ▁Ad rian ▁moments ▁later . ▁ ▁In ▁an ▁up st airs ▁room , ▁Carol ▁is ▁confront ed ▁by ▁the ▁clo aked ▁figure ▁who ▁attempts ▁to ▁st ab ▁her , ▁but ▁the ▁attack ▁is ▁th wart ed ▁by ▁Ad rian ▁and ▁Elli ot . ▁Elli ot ▁ch ases ▁after ▁the ▁ass ail ant , ▁who ▁is ▁revealed ▁to ▁be ▁Lyn n . ▁Lyn n ▁c raz edly ▁explains ▁that ▁she ▁committed ▁the ▁mur ders ▁as ▁she ▁felt ▁Elli ot ' s ▁attention ▁was ▁being ▁taken ▁away ▁from ▁her ; ▁she ▁arrived ▁in ▁town ▁the ▁day ▁before ▁Dol ores ' s ▁murder , ▁killed ▁her , ▁and ▁then ▁later ▁mistaken ly ▁murder ed ▁Alice ▁after ▁seeing ▁Elli ot ' s ▁car ▁park ed ▁at ▁the ▁lake . ▁She ▁also ▁adm its ▁to ▁having ▁fired ▁the ▁shot ▁that ▁killed ▁their ▁father , ▁not ▁Elli ot . ▁Later , ▁with ▁Lyn n ▁in car cer ated , ▁Elli ot ▁and ▁Carol ▁are ▁able ▁to ▁res ide ▁happ ily . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Production ▁In ▁writing ▁the ▁screen play , ▁Del ▁Ten ney ▁was ▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁case ▁of ▁Pa ula ▁Jean ▁Wel den , ▁a ▁student ▁at ▁Ben ning ton ▁College ▁who ▁disappeared ▁while ▁his ▁wife , ▁Mar got ▁Hart man , ▁was ▁att ending ▁there . ▁Fil ming ▁for ▁Vi ol ent ▁Mid night ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁St am ford , ▁Connecticut . ▁Add itional ▁res ho ots ▁of ▁sex |
▁scenes ▁between ▁James ▁Far ent ino ▁and ▁Lor raine ▁Rog ers ' s ▁characters ▁was ▁completed ▁after ▁principal ▁phot ography ▁and ▁edited ▁into ▁the ▁final ▁cut . ▁ ▁Release ▁Vi ol ent ▁Mid night ▁had ▁its ▁world ▁premi ere ▁at ▁the ▁E . ▁M . ▁Lo ew ' s ▁the ater ▁in ▁Hart ford , ▁Connecticut ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁It ▁opened ▁in ▁Boston ▁on ▁July ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁later ▁re - re leased ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁Psych oman ia ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁on ▁February ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁and ▁gross ed ▁$ 3 4 , 2 0 0 ▁during ▁its ▁first ▁two ▁weeks . ▁It ▁was ▁re - re leased ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁under ▁this ▁title ▁on ▁December ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁ ▁C ensor ship ▁In ▁some ▁U . S . ▁cities , ▁such ▁as ▁Sal ina , ▁Kansas , ▁projection ists ▁manually ▁cut ▁foot age ▁from ▁the ▁film ▁which ▁contained ▁n ud ity , ▁particularly ▁that ▁of ▁K aye ▁El hardt . ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁response ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Daily ▁News ▁l amb asted ▁the ▁film ▁for ▁its ▁dep iction ▁of ▁sexual ity ▁and ▁violence , ▁with ▁a ▁review ▁not ing : ▁" The ▁qu ota ▁of ▁sexual ▁ab orm als ▁is ▁high , ▁and ▁their ▁activities ▁are ▁gross ly ▁del ine ated ▁on ▁screen ... ▁The ▁film ' s ▁potential |
▁as ▁a ▁likely ▁mystery ▁is ▁ab neg ated ▁by ▁trick ery , ▁per version ▁and ▁sens ational ism ." ▁Kevin ▁Thomas ▁of ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁critic ized ▁the ▁film ▁for ▁foc using ▁more ▁on ▁the ▁female ▁students ▁of ▁the ▁women ' s ▁college ▁than ▁on ▁Phill ips ' s ▁character ▁of ▁Elli ot , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁for ▁its ▁" awk ward ▁editing , ▁poor ▁sound ▁and ▁dist ract ing ▁music ." ▁Thomas ▁also ▁noted ▁the ▁sexual ity ▁dep icted ▁in ▁the ▁film ▁as ▁" gr at uit ous ," ▁but ▁conced ed ▁" se ver al ▁first - rate ▁performances ▁[ and ] ▁respect able ▁camera ▁work ▁that ▁makes ▁the ▁most ▁of ▁its ▁rural ▁setting ." ▁ ▁Mark ▁Dem ing ▁of ▁AllMovie ▁awarded ▁the ▁film ▁one ▁and ▁a ▁half ▁out ▁of ▁five ▁stars , ▁de em ing ▁it ▁" a ▁stark ▁but ▁interesting ▁low - bud get ▁thr iller ." ▁Gl enn ▁Er ick son ' s ▁review ▁published ▁in ▁DVD ▁T alk ▁notes : ▁" T en ney ' s ▁film ▁finds ▁a ▁sex ▁angle ▁by ▁popul ating ▁the ▁film ▁with ▁a ▁beautiful ▁artist ' s ▁model ▁and ▁a ▁girls ' ▁school ▁overflow ing ▁with ▁man - cra zy ▁students . ▁Add ▁a ▁Ps y cho - ▁inspired ▁mix ▁of ▁mental ▁aber r ation ▁and ▁g ory ▁killing , ▁and ▁Vi ol ent ▁Mid night ▁is ▁a ▁progress ive ▁explo itation ▁show ▁with ▁multiple ▁prom ot ional ▁handles ." ▁ ▁Home ▁media ▁Dark ▁Sky ▁Films ▁released ▁Vi ol ent ▁Mid |
night ▁on ▁DVD ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁This ▁release ▁features ▁an ▁audio ▁comment ary ▁with ▁writer ▁and ▁producer ▁Del ▁Ten ney . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 3 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 6 3 ▁horror ▁films ▁Category : American ▁black - and - white ▁films ▁Category : American ▁explo itation ▁films ▁Category : American ▁serial ▁k iller ▁films ▁Category : American ▁slash er ▁films ▁Category : American ▁thr iller ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁Connecticut ▁Category : Fil ms ▁shot ▁in ▁Connecticut ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁explo itation ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁serial ▁k iller ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁slash er ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁D rug S cience ▁or ▁D rug ▁Science ▁( origin ally ▁called ▁the ▁Independent ▁Scient ific ▁Committee ▁on ▁Dru gs ▁( IS CD )) ▁is ▁a ▁UK - based ▁dru gs ▁advis ory ▁committee ▁proposed ▁and ▁initially ▁fund ed ▁by ▁h edge ▁fund ▁manager ▁T oby ▁Jackson . ▁It ▁is ▁cha ired ▁by ▁Professor ▁David ▁N utt ▁and ▁was ▁officially ▁launched ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁with ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁the ▁Centre ▁for ▁Crime ▁and ▁Justice ▁Studies . ▁The ▁primary ▁aim ▁of ▁the ▁committee ▁is ▁to ▁review ▁and ▁investigate ▁the ▁scientific ▁evidence ▁of ▁drug ▁har ms ▁without ▁the ▁political ▁inter ference ▁that ▁could ▁result ▁from ▁government ▁affili ation . ▁ ▁The ▁establishment |
▁of ▁the ▁committee ▁followed ▁the ▁controvers ial ▁s ack ing ▁of ▁Professor ▁N utt , ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁as ▁chair ▁of ▁the ▁UK ' s ▁stat ut ory ▁Ad vis ory ▁Council ▁on ▁the ▁Mis use ▁of ▁Dru gs ▁by ▁UK ▁Home ▁Secretary , ▁Alan ▁Johnson ▁after ▁the ▁Equ asy ▁controvers y . ▁The ▁controvers y ▁followed ▁his ▁E ve ▁Sav ille ▁Memorial ▁L ect ure ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁at ▁the ▁Centre . ▁ ▁D rug S cience ▁initially ▁focused ▁on ▁review ing ▁official ▁risk ▁estimates ▁for ▁psych ed el ic ▁dru gs , ▁ec st asy ▁and ▁can nab is , ▁and ▁increasing ▁warnings ▁of ▁the ▁d angers ▁of ▁k et am ine . ▁ ▁D rug ▁harm ▁comparison ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁D rug S cience ▁produced ▁a ▁ranking ▁of ▁drug ▁har ms ▁in ▁the ▁UK , ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁which ▁gar ner ed ▁significant ▁media ▁attention . ▁Dru gs ▁were ▁ass essed ▁on ▁two ▁metrics ▁– ▁harm ▁to ▁users ▁and ▁har ms ▁to ▁society . ▁The ▁report ▁found ▁hero in , ▁crack ▁c oca ine , ▁and ▁m eth am ph et am ine ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁most ▁harm ful ▁dru gs ▁to ▁individuals , ▁with ▁alco hol , ▁hero in , ▁and ▁crack ▁c oca ine ▁as ▁the ▁most ▁harm ful ▁to ▁others . ▁Over all , ▁alco hol ▁was ▁the ▁most ▁harm ful ▁drug , ▁with ▁hero in ▁and ▁crack ▁c oca ine ▁in |
▁second ▁and ▁third ▁places . ▁Most ▁not ably , ▁it ▁found ▁the ▁legal ▁status ▁of ▁most ▁dru gs ▁be ars ▁little ▁relation ▁to ▁the ▁har ms ▁associated ▁with ▁them ▁– ▁several ▁class ▁A ▁dru gs ▁including ▁ec st asy ▁( MD MA ), ▁L SD ▁and ▁magic ▁m ush rooms ▁featured ▁at ▁the ▁very ▁bottom ▁of ▁the ▁list . ▁Similar ▁find ings ▁were ▁found ▁by ▁a ▁Europe - wide ▁study ▁conducted ▁by ▁ 4 0 ▁drug ▁exper ts ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁E - c ig aret te ▁analysis ▁ ▁Using ▁a ▁similar ▁multi - c riteria ▁decision ▁analysis ▁process ▁as ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁drug ▁harm ▁ranking , ▁D rug S cience ▁looked ▁to ▁rank ▁the ▁har ms ▁of ▁all ▁nic ot ine - cont aining ▁products , ▁including ▁c igare tt es , ▁cig ars , ▁nic ot ine ▁patch es ▁and ▁e - c igare tt es . ▁The ▁report ▁concluded ▁that ▁e - c igare tt es ▁are ▁ 9 5 % ▁less ▁harm ful ▁than ▁conventional ▁c igare tt es , ▁advice ▁which ▁was ▁subsequently ▁used ▁in ▁a ▁report ▁by ▁Public ▁Health ▁England ▁on ▁e - c igare tt es ▁and ▁now ▁forms ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁evidence - base ▁for ▁the ▁positions ▁of ▁the ▁UK ▁Government ▁and ▁the ▁National ▁Health ▁Service . ▁This ▁figure ▁was ▁widely ▁reported ▁on ▁in ▁the ▁press , ▁but ▁remains ▁controvers ial ▁as ▁the ▁long - term ▁har ms ▁of ▁e - c igare tt es ▁remain ▁unknown |
. ▁More ▁recent ▁system atic ▁reviews ▁suggest ▁that ▁e - c igare tt es ▁are ▁consider ably ▁less ▁harm ful ▁that ▁c igare tt es , ▁but ▁that ▁the ▁difference ▁may ▁be ▁smaller ▁than ▁previously ▁estimated . ▁ ▁Dru gs ▁Live ▁ ▁Dru gs ▁Live : ▁the ▁ec st asy ▁trial ▁is ▁a ▁two - part ▁TV ▁document ary ▁a ired ▁on ▁Channel ▁ 4 ▁on ▁the ▁ 2 6 ▁and ▁ 2 7 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁The ▁program ▁showed ▁an ▁f M RI ▁study ▁on ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁MD MA ▁( ec st asy ) ▁on ▁the ▁brain , ▁which ▁was ▁fund ed ▁by ▁Channel ▁ 4 . ▁The ▁main ▁research ers ▁on ▁the ▁study ▁were ▁D rug S cience ' s ▁Val ▁Cur ran ▁and ▁David ▁N utt ▁who ▁also ▁appeared ▁as ▁guests ▁on ▁the ▁show . ▁Cur ran ▁and ▁N utt ▁o vers aw ▁research ▁at ▁Imperial ▁College ▁London , ▁in ▁which ▁volunte ers ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁a ▁double ▁blind ▁study , ▁taking ▁either ▁ 8 3 m g ▁of ▁MD MA ▁or ▁a ▁place bo ▁before ▁going ▁into ▁the ▁f M RI ▁sc anner . ▁ ▁The ▁document ary ▁was ▁presented ▁by ▁Christian ▁J essen ▁and ▁Jon ▁Snow , ▁and ▁included ▁debate ▁on ▁the ▁har ms ▁of ▁MD MA , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁exhib iting ▁the ▁find ings ▁of ▁the ▁study . ▁Some ▁participants ▁in ▁the ▁study ▁also ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁show , ▁including ▁a ▁vic ar , ▁an ▁ex - s old ier |
, ▁writer ▁Lion el ▁Sh river , ▁actor ▁Keith ▁Allen ▁and ▁former ▁Liberal ▁Dem ocrat ▁MP ▁E van ▁Harris . ▁ ▁N utt ▁and ▁colle agues ▁have ▁said ▁they ▁are ▁prepar ing ▁to ▁run ▁the ▁UK ' s ▁first ▁clin ical ▁trial ▁of ▁MD MA - ass isted ▁psych other apy ▁for ▁the ▁treatment ▁of ▁P T SD , ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁research ▁from ▁the ▁study . ▁ ▁D rug S cience ▁publications ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁D rug ▁Control ▁Law : ▁Crit ic ism ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Res earch ▁instit utes ▁in ▁London ▁Category : D ru gs ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom <0x0A> </s> ▁William ▁Op ens h aw ▁( 1 8 8 1 ▁– ▁ 1 9 4 5 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁professional ▁footballer ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁a ▁full - back . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 4 5 ▁death s ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Manchester ▁Category : English ▁football ers ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁full back s ▁Category : Op ens h aw ▁Clar ence ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : H o ole y ▁Hill ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Gr ims by ▁Town ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : S alf ord ▁United ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : R och dale ▁A . F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Mac cles field ▁Town ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : As ht on ▁United ▁F . |
C . ▁players ▁Category : E cc les ▁United ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : English ▁Football ▁League ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Typ oca eta ▁par va ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁be et le ▁in ▁the ▁family ▁Cer amb yc idae . ▁It ▁was ▁described ▁by ▁Bre uning ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Ag ap anth i ini ▁Category : Be et les ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 <0x0A> </s> ▁C ef p ir am ide ▁is ▁a ▁third - gener ation ▁ce phal os por in ▁ant ib i otic . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : C e phal os por in ▁ant ib iot ics ▁Category : T et raz oles ▁Category : 4 - Py rid ones <0x0A> </s> ▁Kl ø ft a ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁located ▁in ▁U ll ens aker , ▁Ak ers hus , ▁Norway . ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁approximately ▁ 7 , 1 7 0 ▁inhabitants . ▁Kl ø ft a ▁has ▁a ▁s occer ▁team ▁called ▁Kl ø ft a ▁IL , ▁and ▁a ▁sho pping ▁market . ▁Kl ø ft a ▁has ▁three ▁schools ▁– ▁a ▁middle ▁school ▁and ▁two ▁first ▁through ▁sevent h ▁grade ▁school . ▁ ▁Liter ally ▁translated , ▁the ▁name ▁means ▁' the ▁c left ' ▁in ▁English . ▁It ▁probably ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁j unction ▁of ▁three ▁roads ▁heading ▁for ▁Os lo , ▁Tr ond heim ▁and ▁Kong s ving er . ▁At ▁Kl ø ft a |
, ▁the ▁road ▁R V 2 ▁towards ▁Sweden ▁branches ▁off ▁from ▁the ▁E 6 . ▁Two ▁railway ▁lines ▁to ▁the ▁north ▁also ▁split ▁here . ▁ ▁Norway ' s ▁main ▁prison , ▁U ll ers mo ▁prison , ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁Kl ø ft a . ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁home ▁to ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁far ming ▁equipment ▁companies ▁in ▁Norway . ▁U ll ens aker ▁Church , ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 , ▁lies ▁just ▁outside ▁Kl ø ft a . ▁This ▁church ▁is ▁often ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁the ▁" R omer ike ▁c athedral ". ▁ ▁August us ▁" G us " ▁Hal v ors en ▁Hil ton ▁( 1 8 5 4 - 1 9 1 9 ), ▁the ▁father ▁of ▁American ▁hotel ier ▁Con rad ▁Hil ton ▁and ▁em igr ant ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁was ▁born ▁at ▁Kl ø ft a ▁ ▁Kl ø ft a ▁was , ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁the ▁location ▁of ▁a ▁long wave ▁broadcast ing ▁station , ▁which ▁broadcast ▁on ▁ 2 1 6 k Hz . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Ak ers hus ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Ak ers hus ▁Category : U ll ens aker <0x0A> </s> ▁Secret ▁Story ▁- ▁A ▁Casa ▁dos ▁Seg red os : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁( lit . ▁Secret ▁Story ▁- ▁The ▁House ▁of ▁Sec rets : ▁The ▁Re union ) ▁is ▁the ▁sixth |
▁All - St ars ▁season ▁of ▁the ▁Portuguese ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁reality ▁show ▁Secret ▁Story ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁original ▁French ▁version ▁and ▁of ▁Big ▁Bro ther . ▁ ▁The ▁season ▁started ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁with ▁Manuel ▁Lu ís ▁G ouch a ▁as ▁the ▁main ▁host . ▁In ▁this ▁season ▁it ▁was ▁introduced ▁a ▁female ▁version ▁of ▁" A ▁V oz ". ▁ ▁H ous em ates ▁ ▁Bruno ▁F ▁ ▁Bruno ▁Fern and es ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Car ina , ▁Gab ri ela , ▁and ▁N uno ▁with ▁ 3 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁N uno ▁with ▁ 4 8 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Bruno ▁S ▁ ▁Bruno ▁Sav ate ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 5 ▁and ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁L uta ▁P elo ▁P oder . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 5 : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Third ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 2 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁L uta ▁P elo ▁P oder : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁winner ▁with ▁ 4 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en |
cont ro ▁: ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Third ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 1 9 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Car ina ▁ ▁Car ina ▁Fer re ira ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Isabel a ▁with ▁ 4 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁votes ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁W inner ▁with ▁ 7 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁C át ia ▁ ▁C át ia ▁Mel o ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Isabel a , ▁Lu an , ▁and ▁N uno ▁with ▁ 4 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Ces ar , ▁Di ogo , ▁and ▁N uno ▁with ▁ 2 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁César ▁ ▁César ▁M atos o ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Gab ri ela , ▁Jo ana ▁F , |
▁and ▁R ui ▁with ▁ 4 7 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 3 rd ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Di ogo ▁and ▁N uno ▁with ▁ 4 7 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Cl á udio ▁ ▁Cl á udio ▁A leg re ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 6 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 6 : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Four th ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Car ina , ▁Di ogo , ▁and ▁Sof ia ▁with ▁ 2 1 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Crist iana ▁ ▁Crist iana ▁Jesus ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 6 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 6 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Am or , ▁Car la , ▁and ▁Di ogo ▁with ▁ 9 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Car ina , ▁Di ogo , ▁and ▁Sof ia ▁with ▁ 1 7 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Di ogo ▁ ▁Di |
ogo ▁Marcel ino ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 4 ▁and ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 3 ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 4 : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Third ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 1 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 3 : ▁He ▁walked ▁from ▁the ▁house ▁on ▁Day ▁ 2 4 ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁Fif th ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁F anny ▁ ▁F anny ▁Rod rig ues ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 2 , ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 1 , ▁and ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 1 0 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 2 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Jo ao ▁M ▁with ▁ 8 9 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 1 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁Four th ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 8 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 1 0 ▁( France ): ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 8 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Jul ien ▁with ▁ 2 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁Four th ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 1 3 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁N uno |
▁ ▁N uno ▁Mach ado ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 7 : ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 7 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Lu an , ▁Pedro , ▁and ▁Ti ago ▁with ▁ 9 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁hous em ate ▁to ▁be ▁ev icted ▁against ▁Bruno ▁S , ▁F anny , ▁and ▁Sof ia ▁with ▁ 4 8 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote ▁to ▁save . ▁ ▁Sof ia ▁ ▁Sof ia ▁S ous a ▁was ▁a ▁contest ant ▁on ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 4 , ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 3 , ▁and ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 4 . ▁ ▁Results : ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story ▁ 4 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 3 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 3 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁W inner ▁with ▁ 4 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁Des af io ▁Final ▁ 4 : ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 3 4 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Secret ▁Story : ▁O ▁Re en cont ro ▁: ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Place ▁final ist ▁with ▁ 2 6 % ▁of ▁the ▁vote . ▁ ▁Sec rets ▁ ▁In ▁this ▁All - St ars ▁season |
▁there ▁was ▁one ▁secret : ▁ ▁N omin ations ▁table ▁ ▁Notes ▁▁ ▁: ▁▁ ▁In ▁Day ▁ 1 , ▁the ▁ 5 ▁female ▁hous em ates ▁were ▁the ▁first ▁ones ▁to ▁enter ▁the ▁house . ▁Out side ▁the ▁house , ▁there ▁were ▁ 5 ▁male ▁hous em ates ▁and ▁the ▁females ▁voted , ▁in ▁two ▁r ounds , ▁which ▁males ▁would ▁enter . ▁Cl á udio ▁was ▁chosen ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁round ▁and ▁César ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁( ch osen ▁by ▁C át ia , ▁in ▁a ▁tie ▁against ▁Bruno ▁S .). ▁Then , ▁the ▁public ▁voted , ▁via ▁app , ▁between ▁Bruno ▁F ., ▁Bruno ▁S . ▁and ▁N uno ▁to ▁decide ▁who ▁would ▁be ▁the ▁next ▁to ▁enter . ▁With ▁ 6 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁votes , ▁Bruno ▁S . ▁was ▁chosen ▁to ▁enter ▁the ▁house . ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁night , ▁Bruno ▁F . ▁and ▁N uno ▁also ▁entered ▁the ▁house , ▁however , ▁they ▁were ▁automatically ▁nominated ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁ev iction . ▁ ▁: ▁ ▁Before ▁week ▁ 1 ' s ▁ev iction ▁took ▁place , ▁the ▁first ▁round ▁of ▁nomin ations ▁for ▁week ▁ 2 ▁took ▁place ▁face - to - face ▁in ▁the ▁living ▁room . ▁Every one ▁could ▁be ▁nominated ▁ex empt ▁the ▁nom ine es ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁( B run o ▁and ▁N uno ). ▁ ▁: ▁ ▁César ▁was ▁automatically ▁nominated ▁for ▁having ▁the ▁most ▁red ▁bra ce lets ▁( which ▁means ▁he ▁failed ▁the ▁most ▁at ▁secre |
ts ▁miss ions ▁and ▁" A ▁V oz " ' s ▁orders ). ▁ ▁: ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁vote , ▁Di ogo , ▁César ▁and ▁C át ia ▁were ▁already ▁nominated . ▁However , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁tie ▁for ▁the ▁fourth ▁nom ine e ▁between ▁N uno ▁and ▁Sof ia ▁with ▁ 3 ▁votes ▁each . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁random ▁draw ▁to ▁determine ▁who ▁would ▁break ▁the ▁tie . ▁Cl á udio ▁was ▁chosen ▁and ▁nominated ▁N uno . ▁ ▁: ▁After ▁passing ▁a ▁task , ▁Car ina ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁decide ▁which ▁hous em ate ▁would ▁have ▁a ▁double ▁vote ▁and ▁whose ▁vote ▁would ▁be ▁null ified ▁at ▁next ▁week ' s ▁nomin ations . ▁She ▁decided ▁that ▁Bruno ▁S . ▁would ▁have ▁a ▁double ▁vote ▁and ▁Di ogo ▁would ▁be ▁b anned ▁from ▁nomin ating . ▁ ▁: ▁ ▁Di ogo ▁was ▁given ▁imm unity ▁for ▁having ▁the ▁most ▁green ▁bra ce lets . ▁ ▁: ▁At ▁this ▁week ' s ▁nomin ations , ▁the ▁hous em ates ▁could ▁only ▁nominated ▁the ▁opposite ▁gender . ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁vote , ▁F anny , ▁Sof ia ▁and ▁N uno ▁were ▁already ▁nominated . ▁However , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁tie ▁for ▁the ▁fourth ▁nom ine e ▁between ▁Cl á udio ▁and ▁Bruno ▁S . ▁with ▁ 2 ▁votes ▁each . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁random ▁draw ▁between ▁the ▁females ▁to ▁determine ▁who ▁would ▁break ▁the ▁tie . ▁Crist iana ▁was |
▁chosen ▁and ▁nominated ▁Bruno ▁S . ▁ ▁: ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁live ▁show ▁of ▁week ▁ 3 ' s ▁ev iction , ▁the ▁ 4 ▁non - n omin ated ▁hous em ates ▁( Car ina , ▁Crist iana , ▁Cl á udio ▁and ▁Di ogo ) ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁be ▁given ▁an ▁automatic ▁nom ination ▁for ▁next ▁week . ▁This ▁would ▁be ▁done ▁by ▁success ive ▁save ▁r ounds ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁hous em ates ▁at ▁risk ▁would ▁have ▁a ▁decision ▁un anim ously . ▁As ▁that ▁never ▁happened , ▁the ▁currently ▁nominated ▁hous em ates ▁decided ▁who ▁would ▁be ▁saved . ▁In ▁the ▁first ▁round ▁they ▁saved ▁Di ogo , ▁at ▁the ▁second ▁round ▁they ▁saved ▁Cl á udio , ▁and ▁finally ▁at ▁the ▁third ▁round ▁they ▁saved ▁Crist iana . ▁This ▁left ▁Car ina ▁to ▁be ▁automatically ▁nominated . ▁ ▁: ▁ ▁A ▁Chinese ▁house gu est ▁Fel icia ▁entered ▁the ▁house ▁on ▁Day ▁ 2 0 ▁with ▁the ▁mission ▁of ▁making ▁the ▁hous em ates ▁believe ▁she ▁only ▁spoke ▁Chinese . ▁As ▁she ▁passed ▁her ▁mission , ▁she ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁ev ict ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁hous em ates ▁and ▁she ▁chose ▁Sof ia . ▁However , ▁as ▁she ▁was ▁just ▁an ▁house gu est , ▁Sof ia ▁just ▁became ▁automatically ▁nominated ▁with ▁Fel icia ▁also ▁leaving ▁the ▁house ▁on ▁Day ▁ 2 2 . ▁ ▁: ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁vote , ▁Car ina , ▁Sof ia ▁and ▁Cl á udio ▁were |
▁already ▁nominated . ▁However , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁tie ▁for ▁the ▁fourth ▁nom ine e ▁between ▁Crist iana ▁and ▁Di ogo ▁with ▁ 3 ▁votes ▁each . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁random ▁draw ▁to ▁determine ▁who ▁would ▁break ▁the ▁tie . ▁Bruno ▁S . ▁was ▁chosen ▁and ▁nominated ▁Di ogo . ▁ ▁: ▁For ▁the ▁special ▁last ▁nomin ations ▁round ▁of ▁the ▁season , ▁everyone ▁nominated ▁face - to - face . ▁A ▁special ▁last ▁ev iction ▁would ▁take ▁place ▁that ▁same ▁day ▁on ▁the ▁ev iction ▁show . ▁ ▁: ▁For ▁the ▁finale ▁the ▁public ▁voted ▁for ▁who ▁they ▁wanted ▁to ▁win . ▁ ▁N omin ations ▁total ▁received ▁ ▁N omin ations : ▁results ▁▁▁ ▁V otes ▁to ▁save ▁ ▁V otes ▁to ▁win ▁ ▁Tw ists ▁ ▁Heaven ▁and ▁Hell ▁ ▁H ous em ates ▁were ▁divided ▁between ▁ 2 ▁bed rooms ▁throughout ▁the ▁game , ▁in ▁which ▁they ▁would ▁win ▁advantages ▁or ▁dis adv antages ▁in ▁the ▁game ▁according ▁to ▁their ▁position , ▁mostly ▁seen ▁on ▁the ▁nomin ations ▁process . ▁H ous em ates ▁switch ▁bed rooms ▁each ▁week : ▁ ▁Bra ce lets ▁ ▁In ▁this ▁All - St ars ▁season ▁instead ▁of ▁money ▁accounts , ▁each ▁hous em ate ▁can ▁receive ▁bra ce lets ▁according ▁to ▁their ▁stay ▁and ▁miss ions ▁they ▁accomplish ▁in ▁the ▁house ▁which ▁have ▁different ▁colors ▁with ▁different ▁mean ings . ▁A ▁green ▁bra ce let ▁has ▁a ▁positive ▁meaning ▁for ▁the ▁game , ▁and ▁having ▁ 5 ▁of |
▁them ▁ex changes ▁for ▁a ▁white ▁bra ce let . ▁In ▁other ▁hands , ▁a ▁red ▁bra ce let ▁has ▁a ▁negative ▁meaning , ▁and ▁having ▁ 5 ▁of ▁them ▁ex changes ▁for ▁a ▁black ▁bra ce let . ▁They ▁usually ▁have ▁a ▁major ▁impact ▁in ▁the ▁nomin ations ▁process : ▁Week ▁ 2 ▁- ▁By ▁having ▁the ▁most ▁red ▁bra ce lets , ▁César ▁was ▁automatically ▁nominated . ▁Week ▁ 3 ▁- ▁By ▁having ▁the ▁most ▁green ▁bra ce lets , ▁Di ogo ▁was ▁given ▁imm unity . ▁ ▁Rat ings ▁ ▁Live ▁ev iction ▁shows ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Official ▁Website ▁▁ ▁F an ▁Website ▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 8 ▁Portuguese ▁television ▁seasons ▁Category : Secret ▁Story ▁( Port ug uese ▁TV ▁series ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Micro cot yle ▁j on ii ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁mon ogene an , ▁par as it ic ▁on ▁the ▁g ills ▁of ▁a ▁marine ▁fish . ▁It ▁belongs ▁to ▁the ▁family ▁Micro cot yl idae . ▁It ▁was ▁described ▁from ▁the ▁g ills ▁of ▁L ut jan us ▁j on ii ▁( L ut jan idae ) ▁from ▁Kar achi ▁coast ▁off ▁Pakistan . ▁ ▁Description ▁Micro cot yle ▁j on ii ▁has ▁the ▁general ▁morph ology ▁of ▁all ▁species ▁of ▁Micro cot yle , ▁with ▁a ▁symmet rical ▁el ong ated ▁fl atten ed ▁body , ▁compr ising ▁an ▁anterior ▁part ▁which ▁contains ▁most ▁org ans ▁and ▁a ▁posterior ▁part ▁called ▁the ▁ha pt or . ▁The ▁ha pt |
or ▁is ▁symmet rical , ▁long , ▁irregular , ▁and ▁be ars ▁numerous ▁cl amps , ▁arranged ▁as ▁two ▁rows , ▁one ▁on ▁each ▁side . ▁The ▁cl amps ▁of ▁the ▁ha pt or ▁attach ▁the ▁animal ▁to ▁the ▁g ill ▁of ▁the ▁fish . ▁There ▁are ▁also ▁two ▁bu cc al ▁su ck ers ▁at ▁the ▁anterior ▁extrem ity . ▁The ▁dig est ive ▁org ans ▁include ▁an ▁anterior , ▁terminal ▁mouth , ▁a ▁ ▁ph ary nx , ▁an ▁o es oph ag us ▁and ▁a ▁posterior ▁int est ine ▁with ▁two ▁later al ▁branches ▁provided ▁with ▁numerous ▁secondary ▁branches . ▁Each ▁adult ▁contains ▁male ▁and ▁female ▁re product ive ▁org ans . ▁The ▁re product ive ▁org ans ▁include ▁an ▁anterior ▁ ▁gen ital ▁at rium , ▁armed ▁with ▁numerous ▁very ▁sp ines , ▁a ▁medio - d ors al ▁v ag ina , ▁a ▁single ▁tub ular ▁ov ary ▁and ▁ 1 5 ▁test es ▁which ▁are ▁posterior ▁to ▁the ▁ov ary . ▁ ▁Et ym ology ▁The ▁species ▁name ▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁generic ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁type - host ▁L ut jan us ▁j on ii . ▁ ▁Host s ▁and ▁local ities ▁ ▁The ▁type - host ▁is ▁L ut jan us ▁j on ii ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁John ' s ▁sn apper ▁( L ut jan idae ). ▁The ▁type - local ity ▁is ▁off ▁Pakistan . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : M icro cot yl idae ▁Category : Anim als ▁described ▁in ▁ 2 |
0 1 1 ▁Category : Par as ites ▁of ▁fish <0x0A> </s> ▁H ně v nice ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁and ▁municipality ▁( ob ec ) ▁in ▁Pl ze ň - N orth ▁District ▁in ▁the ▁Pl ze ň ▁Region ▁of ▁the ▁Czech ▁Republic . ▁ ▁The ▁municipality ▁covers ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁and ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 1 0 8 ▁( as ▁at ▁ 3 J uly ▁ 2 0 0 6 ). ▁ ▁H ně v nice ▁lies ▁approximately ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁Pl ze ň ▁and ▁ ▁south - west ▁of ▁Prag ue . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Pl ze ň - N orth ▁District <0x0A> </s> ▁Early ▁Aut umn ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁novel ▁by ▁Louis ▁B rom field . ▁It ▁won ▁the ▁Pul itzer ▁Prize ▁for ▁the ▁Nov el ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 7 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁producer ▁Bened ict ▁Bog e aus ▁announced ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁adapt ing ▁the ▁book ▁into ▁a ▁film ▁to ▁be ▁titled ▁" Con quest ," ▁but ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁never ▁made . ▁ ▁Plot ▁syn opsis ▁The ▁novel ▁is ▁set ▁in ▁the ▁fict ional ▁Massachusetts ▁town ▁of ▁Dur ham ▁shortly ▁after ▁World ▁War ▁I . ▁The ▁Pent land ▁family ▁is ▁rich ▁and ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁upper ▁class , ▁but ▁their ▁world ▁is ▁rapidly ▁changing . ▁The ▁old ▁Cong reg ational ▁church ▁the ▁Pent lands ▁long ▁fav ored ▁has ▁dis band ed ▁as ▁more ▁and ▁more ▁W AS P |
s ▁have ▁left ▁Dur ham , ▁replaced ▁by ▁imm igr ant ▁Roman ▁C athol ics ▁with ▁very ▁different ▁religious ▁custom s . ▁The ▁Pent lands ▁once ▁ruled ▁upper - class ▁society ▁in ▁Dur ham , ▁and ▁still ▁do . ▁But ▁even ▁upper - class ▁society ▁is ▁changing : ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁" old ▁line " ▁families ▁have ▁either ▁died ▁off ▁or ▁moved ▁away , ▁while ▁many ▁nouveau ▁r iche ▁have ▁moved ▁into ▁the ▁area ▁who ▁do ▁not ▁share ▁the ▁same ▁old - f ashion ed ▁values ▁and ▁observe ▁the ▁same ▁old - f ashion ed ▁norm s ▁of ▁behavior ▁that ▁the ▁Pent lands ▁do . ▁ ▁The ▁patri arch ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁is ▁old ▁John ▁Pent land . ▁ ▁He ▁lives ▁in ▁Pent land ▁Man or , ▁a ▁large ▁and ▁old - f ashion ed ▁man or ▁house , ▁with ▁his ▁sister , ▁Cass ie . ▁ ▁Cass ie ▁is ▁a ▁f uss y , ▁moral istic , ▁sn obb ish ▁old ▁ma id ▁who ▁st icks ▁her ▁nose ▁into ▁everybody ' s ▁business ▁and ▁who ▁is ▁firm ly ▁determined ▁to ▁see ▁that ▁the ▁Pent lands ▁u ph old ▁the ▁" old ▁ways ." ▁ ▁Her ▁companion ▁is ▁Miss ▁Pe ave y , ▁who ▁la cks ▁intelligence ▁but ▁in ▁all ▁other ▁ways ▁is ▁as ▁moral istic ▁and ▁disapp ro ving ▁as ▁A unt ▁Cass ie . ▁John ' s ▁son ▁and ▁he ir , ▁An son , ▁married ▁the ▁wealth y ▁but ▁low - status ▁Scot ch - I r ish ▁girl ▁Oliv |
ia . ▁The ▁couple ▁have ▁a ▁son , ▁John ▁( nick named ▁" Jack ") ▁and ▁a ▁daughter , ▁Sy bil . ▁The ▁Pent lands ▁say ▁that ▁they ▁can ▁trace ▁their ▁family ▁her itage ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁found ing ▁of ▁the ▁Massachusetts ▁Bay ▁Col ony , ▁and ▁An son ▁is ▁writing ▁a ▁book ▁about ▁the ▁family . ▁John ▁Pent land ' s ▁nie ce , ▁Sab ine , ▁is ▁the ▁black ▁sheep ▁of ▁the ▁family . ▁ ▁Her ▁parents ▁died , ▁and ▁her ▁home ▁was ▁lost ▁to ▁credit ors . ▁She ▁became ▁A unt ▁Cass ie ' s ▁w ard . ▁ ▁But ▁twenty ▁years ▁ago , ▁she ▁married ▁a ▁poor , ▁low - born ▁man ▁named ▁Call ender ▁and ▁fled ▁with ▁him ▁to ▁Europe . ▁ ▁John ▁Pent land ▁acts ▁as ▁if ▁he ▁is ▁wid owed , ▁but ▁about ▁a ▁quarter ▁of ▁the ▁way ▁through ▁the ▁novel ▁the ▁reader ▁real izes ▁that ▁his ▁wife ▁is ▁not ▁dead . ▁For ▁the ▁past ▁two ▁or ▁three ▁dec ades , ▁Pent land ' s ▁wife ▁Ag nes ▁has ▁been ▁ins ane , ▁and ▁now ▁lives ▁in ▁an ▁up st airs ▁room ▁in ▁a ▁far ▁wing ▁of ▁the ▁house . ▁She ▁is ▁c ared ▁for ▁by ▁a ▁nur se , ▁Miss ▁E gan . ▁Every ▁morning , ▁John ▁Pent land ▁vis its ▁her ▁and ▁speak s ▁with ▁her ▁despite ▁her ▁ins an ity . ▁After ward , ▁he ▁vis its ▁Mrs . ▁So ames , ▁a ▁long - time ▁friend ▁of ▁his ▁wife ' s , |
▁and ▁plays ▁cards . ▁His ▁attention ▁to ▁the ▁wid owed ▁Mrs . ▁So ames ▁is ▁un se em ly ▁( so ▁A unt ▁Cass ie ▁says ), ▁but ▁no ▁one ▁can ▁open ly ▁critic ize ▁him ▁for ▁it ▁as ▁John ▁Pent land ▁is ▁the ▁patri arch ▁of ▁the ▁family . ▁ ▁The ▁novel ▁is ▁set ▁during ▁the ▁early ▁aut umn . ▁Oliv ia ▁is ▁almost ▁ 4 0 ▁years ▁old , ▁and ▁she ▁increasing ly ▁feels ▁tra pped ▁and ▁st if led ▁by ▁her ▁life . ▁She ▁and ▁her ▁husband ▁have ▁a ▁lov eless ▁marriage ▁( they ▁have ▁not ▁shared ▁rooms ▁for ▁years ), ▁and ▁their ▁son ▁Jack ▁is ▁constantly ▁ill . ▁ ▁The ▁novel ▁opens ▁as ▁Oliv ia ' s ▁daughter , ▁Sy bil , ▁returns ▁home ▁from ▁a ▁board ing ▁school ▁in ▁Paris . ▁ ▁Sab ine ▁Call ender ▁and ▁her ▁daughter , ▁Ther ese , ▁have ▁also ▁returned ▁to ▁Dur ham ▁and ▁are ▁sp ending ▁the ▁summer ▁at ▁Pent land ▁Man or . ▁Ther ese ▁is ▁a ▁début ante , ▁and ▁is ▁being ▁" int rodu ced " ▁to ▁Dur ham ▁upper - class ▁society . ▁A unt ▁Cass ie ▁and ▁Miss ▁Pe ave y ▁repeatedly ▁critic ize ▁Sab ine ▁for ▁being ▁a ▁fla pper ▁and ▁for ▁the ▁sc andal ▁she ▁brought ▁down ▁on ▁the ▁family . ▁Also ▁visit ing ▁Dur ham ▁that ▁fall ▁is ▁Jean , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁a ▁French man ▁who ▁married ▁an ▁American ▁woman ▁and ▁who ▁Sy bil ▁met ▁in ▁Paris . ▁Sy bil ▁is ▁in |
▁love ▁with ▁Jean , ▁and ▁creates ▁sc andal ▁by ▁purs uing ▁him ▁rel ent lessly . ▁ ▁Also ▁newly ▁arrived ▁in ▁Dur ham ▁is ▁Michael ▁O ' H ara , ▁an ▁Irish ▁imm igr ant ▁who ▁has ▁achieved ▁wealth ▁and ▁political ▁prom in ence ▁in ▁Boston . ▁He ▁bought ▁Sab ine ' s ▁former ▁home ▁and ▁is ▁ref urb ishing ▁it . ▁A unt ▁Cass ie ▁and ▁Miss ▁Pe ave y ▁are ▁hor r ified ▁by ▁the ▁arriv iste ▁and ▁constantly ▁sn ub ▁him . ▁An son ▁is ▁ups et ▁by ▁the ▁att ent ions ▁O ' H ara ▁lav ishes ▁on ▁his ▁wife ▁and ▁daughter . ▁O ' H ara ▁soon ▁tells ▁Sab ine ▁that ▁he ▁has ▁fallen ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁Oliv ia , ▁and ▁Oliv ia ▁reci proc ates . ▁O ' H ara ▁says ▁he ▁is ▁willing ▁to ▁sacrifice ▁everything ▁just ▁to ▁love ▁her . ▁An son ▁Pent land , ▁mean while , ▁ref uses ▁to ▁give ▁Oliv ia ▁a ▁divor ce ▁for ▁fear ▁it ▁will ▁ru in ▁his ▁career ▁and ▁the ▁family ' s ▁good ▁name . ▁ ▁Several ▁events ▁happen ▁in ▁quick ▁succession : ▁Jack ▁dies , ▁but ▁only ▁Oliv ia ▁is ▁there ▁to ▁comfort ▁him ▁at ▁the ▁end . ▁Oliv ia ▁disco vers ▁the ▁Pent land ▁gro om ▁is ▁having ▁a ▁secret ▁affair ▁with ▁someone ▁in ▁the ▁house . ▁( The ▁reader ▁real izes ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁nur se , ▁Miss ▁E gan .) ▁ ▁The ▁night ▁Jack ▁dies , ▁Oliv ia ▁runs ▁into ▁a ▁moment arily |
- l uc id ▁Mrs . ▁Pent land , ▁who ▁tells ▁her ▁that ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁secret ▁in ▁the ▁att ic ▁which ▁could ▁not ▁only ▁destroy ▁but ▁also ▁free ▁the ▁family . ▁ ▁( She ▁is ▁quickly ▁h ushed ▁by ▁Miss ▁E gan , ▁and ▁soon ▁falls ▁back ▁into ▁mud d led ▁in com pre hens ibility .) ▁Sy bil ▁mar ries ▁Jean , ▁and ▁Oliv ia ▁is ▁convinced ▁her ▁daughter ▁will ▁find ▁the ▁happiness ▁that ▁she ▁has ▁never ▁had . ▁ ▁Several ▁secre ts ▁are ▁revealed ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁novel , ▁which ▁mark ▁the ▁Pent lands ▁as ▁hyp oc rit es . ▁ ▁Oliv ia ▁lear ns ▁that ▁John ▁Pent land ▁lov es ▁Mrs . ▁So ames ▁( wh ether ▁he ▁has ▁consum m ated ▁his ▁affair ▁with ▁her ▁is ▁unclear ), ▁and ▁has ▁not ▁divor ced ▁his ▁ins ane ▁wife ▁out ▁of ▁duty . ▁His ▁daily ▁vis its ▁with ▁his ▁wife ▁are ▁not ▁performed ▁out ▁of ▁love ▁( as ▁everyone ▁assumes ) ▁but ▁out ▁of ▁a ▁desire ▁to ▁di vert ▁attention ▁from ▁his ▁affair ▁with ▁Mrs . ▁So ames . ▁ ▁Oliv ia ▁comes ▁to ▁believe ▁that ▁Mrs . ▁Pent land ' s ▁rav ings ▁about ▁a ▁secret ▁in ▁the ▁att ic ▁were ▁not ▁mad ness . ▁She ▁soon ▁disco vers ▁a ▁packet ▁of ▁letters ▁that ▁reve als ▁that ▁the ▁Pent land ▁family ' s ▁ancest or ▁was ▁a ▁bast ard ▁child ▁who ▁st ole ▁the ▁name ▁from ▁an ▁arist ocr atic ▁family ▁that ▁had ▁died ▁shortly ▁after ▁arriv |
ing ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁World . ▁ ▁She ▁suspect s ▁An son ▁knows ▁the ▁truth , ▁and ▁is ▁lying ▁about ▁the ▁family ▁in ▁his ▁book . ▁ ▁John ▁Pent land , ▁broken - heart ed ▁at ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁his ▁grand son , ▁changes ▁his ▁will ▁and ▁leaves ▁all ▁his ▁money ▁to ▁Oliv ia . ▁ ▁He ▁commits ▁suic ide ▁by ▁r iding ▁his ▁horse ▁into ▁a ▁deep ▁rav ine ▁and ▁falling ▁to ▁his ▁death . ▁ ▁Oliv ia ▁reject s ▁Michael ▁O ' H ara ' s ▁love , ▁real izing ▁that ▁she ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁person ▁strong ▁enough ▁to ▁hold ▁the ▁Pent land ▁family ▁together ▁through ▁the ▁coming ▁years ▁of ▁immense ▁change . ▁ ▁John ▁Pent land ▁has ▁given ▁her ▁the ▁chance , ▁through ▁her ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁fortune , ▁to ▁force ▁the ▁Pent lands ▁to ▁adapt ▁rather ▁than ▁die ▁off ▁like ▁so ▁many ▁other ▁upper - class ▁families ▁have . ▁ ▁By ▁leaving ▁with ▁Michael , ▁Oliv ia ▁bel ieves ▁that ▁she ▁would ▁be ▁taking ▁the ▁easy ▁way ▁out ▁and ▁actually ▁cheap ening ▁herself . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 6 ▁American ▁nov els ▁Category : P ul itzer ▁Prize ▁for ▁the ▁Nov el - win ning ▁works ▁Category : Nov els ▁by ▁Louis ▁B rom field ▁Category : Nov els ▁set ▁in ▁Massachusetts <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁off sh ore ▁l izard fish ▁( Syn od us ▁po ey i ) ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁l izard fish ▁that ▁occurs ▁chief ly ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁Atlantic |
. ▁ ▁The ▁maximum ▁recorded ▁length ▁of ▁the ▁off sh ore ▁l izard fish ▁is ▁about ▁. ▁ ▁The ▁off sh ore ▁l izard fish ▁is ▁a ▁marine ▁species ▁associated ▁with ▁re ef s . ▁It ▁occurs ▁at ▁depth s ▁of ▁. ▁This ▁species ▁is ▁native ▁to ▁a ▁subt rop ical ▁environment . ▁Its ▁distribution ▁in ▁the ▁Western ▁Atlantic ▁extends ▁from ▁North ▁Carolina ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁through ▁the ▁northern ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁and ▁the ▁Ant illes ▁to ▁the ▁Gu ian as . ▁It ▁occurs ▁outside ▁the ▁shore ▁zone . ▁It ▁is ▁b enth ic , ▁living ▁along ▁sand y ▁and ▁mud dy ▁bottom s . ▁ ▁Common ▁names ▁Common ▁names ▁for ▁Syn od us ▁po ey i ▁in ▁other ▁languages ▁include ▁cal ango , ▁lag arto ▁do ▁mar , ▁pe ix e - lag arto ▁( Port ug uese ), ▁ch ile ▁bar b ado , ▁gu ar ip ete , ▁gu av ina , ▁lag arto ▁bar b ado , ▁lag arto ▁o ce ánico , ▁man uel ito ▁( Span ish ), ▁and ▁ot og ai - aka - eso ▁( J apan ese ). ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁ ▁off sh ore ▁l izard fish ▁Category : Fa una ▁of ▁the ▁S out he astern ▁United ▁States ▁Category : F ish ▁of ▁the ▁Car ib bean ▁off sh ore ▁l izard fish <0x0A> </s> ▁Eric ▁Bag ot ▁M atur in ▁( 3 0 ▁May ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁– ▁ 1 7 ▁October ▁ 1 9 5 |
7 ) ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁actor ▁whose ▁acting ▁career ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 5 ▁and ▁whose ▁first ▁film ▁appearance ▁was ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁during ▁the ▁era ▁of ▁silent ▁films . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁M atur in ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁N ain ital ▁in ▁India ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁the ▁oldest ▁of ▁three ▁sons ▁born ▁to ▁Ed ith ▁Em ily ▁( née ▁M oney ; ▁ 1 8 6 3 – 1 9 4 5 ) ▁and ▁Colonel ▁Frederick ▁Henry ▁M atur in ▁( 1 8 4 8 – 1 9 3 6 ) ▁of ▁the ▁East ▁Sur rey ▁Regiment , ▁who ▁married ▁on ▁ 1 ▁August ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁at ▁St ▁Andrew ' s ▁church ▁in ▁Dar je eling ; ▁the ▁couple ▁divor ced ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 1 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁Eric ▁M atur in ▁was ▁recorded ▁as ▁an ▁ins urance ▁office ▁cl erk . ▁During ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁he ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Royal ▁Field ▁Art illery ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁to ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁reaching ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Lieutenant . ▁ ▁M atur in ▁served ▁in ▁Mes op ot am ia ▁for ▁ 1 1 ▁months ▁but ▁he ▁was ▁in val ided ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁UK ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁suffering ▁from ▁ne uras then ia . ▁ ▁At ▁a ▁medical ▁board ▁in ▁Nor wich ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁he ▁was ▁passed ▁as ▁fit ▁for |
▁anti - air craft ▁defence ▁duty ▁but ▁his ▁condition ▁returned ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁sent ▁to ▁a ▁hospital ▁in ▁B irmingham ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁for ▁treatment . ▁ ▁By ▁June ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁he ▁was ▁listed ▁as ▁un fit ▁for ▁further ▁service ▁and ▁rel in qu ished ▁his ▁commission , ▁though ▁retain ing ▁the ▁honor ary ▁rank ▁of ▁lieutenant ▁and ▁permission ▁to ▁wear ▁his ▁uniform ▁on ▁occasions ▁that ▁necess itated ▁it . ▁He ▁joined ▁the ▁Army ▁again ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁following ▁the ▁out break ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁Stage ▁career ▁ ▁M atur in ' s ▁theatre ▁appearances ▁included ▁roles ▁in ▁such ▁Broadway ▁produ ctions ▁as ▁Love ▁and ▁the ▁Man ▁at ▁the ▁Kn icker bo cker ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 0 5 ), ▁Mys elf ▁– ▁B ett ina ▁at ▁Dal y ' s ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 0 8 ), ▁Leonard ▁Ferr is ▁in ▁Mid - Channel ▁at ▁the ▁Empire ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 1 0 ), ▁and ▁The ▁E lder ▁Son ▁at ▁the ▁Play house ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 1 4 ). ▁ ▁Other ▁the atr ical ▁appearances ▁included ▁Will ▁G anton ▁in ▁The ▁Great ▁John ▁G anton ▁at ▁the ▁Ald w ych ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 0 9 ), ▁a ▁private ▁performance ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁Play ers ▁of ▁Oscar ▁Wil de ' s ▁Sal ome ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁Court ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 1 1 ), ▁Rand all ▁the ▁Rot ter ▁in ▁Heart break ▁House ▁( 1 9 2 1 |
), ▁Lo y alt ies ▁at ▁St ▁Martin ' s ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 2 2 ), ▁The ▁Green ▁Hat ▁st arring ▁T all ul ah ▁Bank head ▁at ▁the ▁Adel phi ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 2 5 ), ▁Esp ion age ▁at ▁the ▁Apol lo ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁I ▁Kil led ▁the ▁Count ▁at ▁the ▁White hall ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 3 7 ) ▁and ▁The ▁Day ▁After ▁Tom orrow ▁( 1 9 4 6 ), ▁st arring ▁Ph yll is ▁D are . ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁B irmingham ▁Re pert ory ▁Theatre ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 ▁he ▁played ▁the ▁title ▁role ▁in ▁Mac b eth , ▁directed ▁by ▁Barry ▁Jackson ▁and ▁set ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁I . ▁M atur in ▁played ▁the ▁role ▁dressed ▁as ▁a ▁British ▁general . ▁ ▁Film ▁roles ▁His ▁film ▁roles ▁included ▁Captain ▁Arthur ▁Mason ▁in ▁W isp ▁o ' ▁the ▁Wood s ▁( 1 9 1 9 ), ▁Ad rian ▁Red wood ▁in ▁The ▁N aked ▁Man ▁( 1 9 2 3 ), ▁Major ▁Ma ure war de ▁in ▁His ▁House ▁in ▁Order ▁( 1 9 2 8 ), ▁Frank ▁S utton ▁in ▁The ▁S que aker ▁( 1 9 3 0 ), ▁H ector ▁B ray don ▁in ▁Bey ond ▁the ▁C ities ▁( 1 9 3 0 ), ▁F ent on ▁in ▁The ▁Girl ▁in ▁the ▁Night ▁( 1 9 3 1 ), ▁Count ▁F ournal ▁in ▁The ▁Face ▁at ▁the ▁Window ▁( 1 9 3 2 ), |
▁James ▁Kel ver ▁in ▁The ▁F law ▁( 1 9 3 3 ), ▁The ▁Director ▁in ▁Love , ▁Life ▁and ▁L augh ter ▁( 1 9 3 4 ), ▁Tim ▁Gi erson ▁Youth ful ▁Fol ly ▁( 1 9 3 4 ), ▁Smith ▁in ▁Sand ers ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Robert ▁Down ing ▁in ▁City ▁of ▁Beautiful ▁N ons ense ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Never n ▁in ▁The ▁Price ▁of ▁a ▁Song ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Captain ▁Mel lock ▁in ▁Be es ▁on ▁the ▁Bo at - De ck ▁( 1 9 3 9 ), ▁The ▁Al most ▁Per fect ▁murder ▁( 1 9 3 9 ), ▁Pass port ▁Officer ▁in ▁Cont rab and ▁( 1 9 4 0 ), ▁Old er ▁Man ▁in ▁The ▁For eman ▁W ent ▁to ▁France ▁( 1 9 4 2 ), ▁Colonel ▁Good head ▁in ▁The ▁Life ▁and ▁Death ▁of ▁Colonel ▁B limp ▁( 1 9 4 3 ), ▁Geoff rey ' s ▁Father ▁in ▁A ▁Can ter bury ▁T ale ▁( 1 9 4 4 ), ▁Group ▁Capt . ▁Walter ▁Cart w right - G od wall ▁in ▁the ▁BBC ' s ▁Sunday ▁Night ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁W re x ham ▁in ▁Last ▁Hol iday ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁and ▁as ▁Colonel ▁Sebastian ▁Mor an ▁in ▁the ▁BBC ▁TV ▁series ▁Sher lock ▁Hol mes ▁( 1 9 5 1 ). ▁ ▁M atur in ▁was ▁a ▁bel ie ver ▁in ▁Christian |
▁Science . ▁He ▁died ▁at ▁the ▁Edward ▁VII ▁Hospital ▁in ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁aged ▁ 7 4 . ▁ ▁Selected ▁film ography ▁ ▁The ▁N aked ▁Man ▁( 1 9 2 3 ) ▁ ▁Bey ond ▁the ▁C ities ▁( 1 9 3 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁S que aker ▁( 1 9 3 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Girl ▁in ▁the ▁Night ▁( 1 9 3 1 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Face ▁at ▁the ▁Window ▁( 1 9 3 2 ) ▁ ▁The ▁F law ▁( 1 9 3 3 ) ▁ ▁Love , ▁Life ▁and ▁L augh ter ▁( 1 9 3 4 ) ▁ ▁Youth ful ▁Fol ly ▁( 1 9 3 4 ) ▁ ▁Sing ▁as ▁You ▁Sw ing ▁( 1 9 3 7 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Profile ▁on ▁M atur in ▁M atur in ▁on ▁the ▁British ▁Film ▁Institute ▁website ▁M atur in ▁on ▁ave le yman . com ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 7 ▁death s ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁British ▁male ▁actors ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁stage ▁actors ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁silent ▁film ▁actors ▁Category : Ro yal ▁Field ▁Art illery ▁officers ▁Category : B rit ish ▁Army ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁film ▁actors <0x0A> </s> ▁Dar reh ▁Ger u - ye ▁O ly a ▁( , ▁also ▁Roman ized ▁as ▁Dar reh ▁Ger ū - ye |
▁‘ O ly ā ; ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Dar reh ▁Ger ū h ▁B ā l ā , ▁Dar reh ▁Ger ū - ye ▁B ā l ā , ▁and ▁Dar reh ▁Gor ū h ▁‘ O ly ā ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Bah may i - ye ▁Sar h adi - ye ▁Sh ar qi ▁R ural ▁District , ▁D ish m ok ▁District , ▁Koh g il u ye h ▁County , ▁Koh g il u ye h ▁and ▁Bo yer - A hm ad ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 2 0 5 , ▁in ▁ 3 9 ▁families . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Koh g il u ye h ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Wes ley ▁Burg ess ▁( 1 9 ▁May ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁– ▁ 1 ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 0 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Liberal ▁party ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada . ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Wal lace burg , ▁Ontario ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁lawyer ▁by ▁career . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁first ▁elected ▁at ▁the ▁Lamb ton — K ent ▁r iding ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁general ▁election . ▁After ▁serving ▁his ▁only ▁term , ▁the ▁ 2 5 th ▁Parliament , ▁he ▁was ▁defeated ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁federal ▁election ▁by ▁Mac ▁McC ut che on ▁of ▁the ▁Progress ive ▁Conserv ative ▁party . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ |
▁Category : 1 9 0 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 ▁death s ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada ▁from ▁Ontario ▁Category : L iber al ▁Party ▁of ▁Canada ▁MP s ▁Category : L aw y ers ▁in ▁Ontario ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Ch ath am - K ent ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Canadian ▁law y ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A ▁( U i TM ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁public ▁university ▁based ▁primarily ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am , ▁Malays ia ▁that ▁accepts ▁only ▁B umi put era ▁. ▁Est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁as ▁R ID A ▁( R ural ▁& ▁Indust rial ▁Development ▁Author ity ) ▁Training ▁Centre ▁( ), ▁it ▁opened ▁to ▁some ▁ 5 0 ▁students ▁with ▁a ▁focus ▁to ▁help ▁the ▁rural ▁Malays . ▁Since ▁that ▁time ▁it ▁has ▁grown ▁into ▁the ▁largest ▁higher ▁education ▁institution ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁by ▁physical ▁infrastr ucture , ▁staff ▁organisation ▁( ac ade mic ▁and ▁non - ac ade mic ), ▁and ▁student ▁en rol ment . ▁ ▁The ▁university ▁compr ises ▁one ▁main ▁campus ▁and ▁ 3 4 ▁state ▁camp uses . ▁With ▁ 1 7 , 4 8 8 ▁academic ▁and ▁non - ac ade mic ▁staff , ▁U i TM ▁offers ▁over ▁ 5 0 0 ▁program mes ▁r anging ▁from ▁foundation ▁to ▁post grad uate ▁level . ▁It ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁some ▁ 1 7 0 , |
5 1 4 ▁b umi put era ▁and ▁international ▁students , ▁in ▁full - time ▁and ▁part - time ▁modes . ▁Te aching ▁is ▁fully ▁conducted ▁in ▁English . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Found ing ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A ▁( U i TM ) ▁began ▁as ▁R ID A ▁( R ural ▁& ▁Indust rial ▁Development ▁Author ity ) ▁Training ▁Centre ▁( ), ▁inspired ▁by ▁On n ▁Ja af ar , ▁the ▁founder ▁and ▁former ▁president ▁of ▁United ▁Malays ▁National ▁Organisation ▁( UM NO ). ▁The ▁idea ▁was ▁conce ived ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁a ▁study ▁visit ▁to ▁C ey lon ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 1 ▁( now ▁Sri ▁L anka ) ▁to ▁look ▁into ▁its ▁rural ▁development ▁programme . ▁A ▁resulting ▁working ▁paper ▁out lined ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁R ural ▁and ▁Indust rial ▁Development ▁Author ity ▁( R ID A ) ▁and ▁its ▁object ives ▁of ▁re building ▁the ▁rural ▁society , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁impro ving ▁the ▁economy ▁of ▁rural ▁Malays . ▁A ▁bill ▁P aper ▁No . ▁ 1 0 / 1 9 5 1 ▁was ▁passed ▁by ▁the ▁Federal ▁Legisl ative ▁Council ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁that ▁led ▁to ▁its ▁establishment ; ▁reve als ▁an ▁interesting ▁insight ▁into ▁the ▁connection ▁between ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁and ▁the ▁Mal ay ▁community . ▁Section ▁ 5 ▁of ▁this ▁paper ▁out lines ▁the ▁just ification ▁and ▁the ▁necessity ▁of ▁establish ing ▁R ural ▁Indust rial ▁Development ▁Author ity ▁( R ID A ). ▁The ▁word ▁k |
amp ong ▁( ), ▁which ▁is ▁syn onymous ▁with ▁the ▁Malays , ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁Section ▁ 8 ▁of ▁the ▁paper . ▁ ▁Training ▁Centre ▁In ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁began ▁operations ▁in ▁Pet aling ▁J aya , ▁Sel ang or ▁( current ly ▁J al an ▁O th man ▁satellite ▁campus ) ▁under ▁its ▁first ▁principal , ▁Sy ed ▁Al wi ▁Sy ed ▁She ikh ▁Al h adi . ▁It ▁was ▁officially ▁opened ▁by ▁Dr ▁Is mail ▁Abd ul ▁Rah man , ▁the ▁Minister ▁for ▁Trade ▁and ▁Indust ry ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁February ▁ 1 9 5 7 . ▁The ▁training ▁centre ▁conducted ▁pre - univers ity ▁courses , ▁business ▁skills ▁training ▁and ▁several ▁external ▁professional ▁courses ▁offered ▁by ▁established ▁international ▁bodies , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁London ▁Chamber ▁of ▁Com merce , ▁the ▁Australian ▁Char tered ▁Secretary ship , ▁the ▁Australian ▁Society ▁of ▁Account ants ▁and ▁the ▁British ▁Institute ▁of ▁Management . ▁After ▁the ▁formation ▁of ▁the ▁Federation ▁of ▁Malays ia ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 3 , ▁the ▁training ▁centre ▁began ▁to ▁admit ▁native ▁students ▁from ▁Sab ah ▁and ▁Sar aw ak , ▁and ▁more ▁academic ▁program mes ▁were ▁offered . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁held ▁its ▁first ▁conv ocation ▁and ▁ 5 0 ▁gradu ates ▁were ▁awarded ▁certific ates ▁by ▁Tun ▁Abd ul ▁Raz ak , ▁the ▁Deput y ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁Malays ia . ▁ ▁The ▁training ▁centre ▁later ▁became ▁known |
▁as ▁MAR A ▁College ▁() ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁The ▁name ▁change ▁meant ▁that ▁the ▁college ▁no ▁longer ▁operated ▁under ▁R ID A ▁and ▁instead ▁became ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁unit ▁of ▁the ▁MAR A ▁Training ▁Division . ▁MAR A ▁stands ▁for ▁Maj lis ▁A man ah ▁Rak y at ▁() ▁under ▁the ▁leadership ▁of ▁Tan ▁Sri ▁Ar sh ad ▁Ay ub , ▁took ▁over ▁and ▁strength ened ▁the ▁role ▁and ▁respons ib ilities ▁of ▁R ID A . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 6 , ▁when ▁the ▁British ▁Institute ▁of ▁Management ▁ceased ▁conduct ing ▁external ▁exam in ations , ▁MAR A ▁College ▁began ▁running ▁its ▁own ▁Di pl oma ▁in ▁Business ▁Studies . ▁International ▁recognition ▁for ▁the ▁course ▁came ▁from ▁E aling ▁Techn ical ▁College ▁in ▁London , ▁which ▁also ▁became ▁its ▁external ▁exam iner . ▁ ▁Exp ansion ▁and ▁growth ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁the ▁college ▁was ▁upgrad ed ▁to ▁Institut ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A . ▁Its ▁establishment ▁came ▁as ▁a ▁response ▁to ▁a ▁need ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁for ▁trained ▁profession als , ▁especially ▁among ▁b umi put eras . ▁This ▁short age ▁was ▁identified ▁through ▁a ▁man power ▁survey ▁conducted ▁by ▁the ▁government ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁collaboration ▁with ▁the ▁United ▁Nations . ▁A cknow led ging ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁education ▁holds ▁the ▁key ▁to ▁positive ▁social ▁engineering ▁processes , ▁IT M ▁has ▁made ▁education ▁easily ▁accessible ▁primarily ▁to ▁the ▁b umi put era ▁Malays ▁and ▁ind igen ous ▁b |
umi put era ▁of ▁the ▁Mal ay ▁pen ins ula ▁( such ▁as ▁Jak un , ▁Sen oi ), ▁and ▁those ▁from ▁the ▁East ▁Malays ia ▁( such ▁as ▁the ▁K ad az an - D us un , ▁Mel an au , ▁and ▁Day ak ). ▁It ▁mainly ▁c ater ed ▁to ▁semi - prof essional ▁courses ▁pre domin antly ▁in ▁the ▁science ▁and ▁technology ▁in ▁fields ▁such ▁as ▁engineering , ▁applied ▁sciences ▁and ▁architecture , ▁building ▁and ▁planning . ▁However , ▁real ising ▁the ▁importance ▁of ▁other ▁complement ary ▁nation - building ▁fields , ▁it ▁has ▁also ▁included ▁a ▁re per toire ▁of ▁other ▁sal ient ▁' management ▁and ▁human ities - based ' ▁fields ▁such ▁as ▁business ▁studies , ▁hotel ▁and ▁c ater ing ▁management , ▁mass ▁communic ations , ▁public ▁administration , ▁law , ▁secret arial ▁science , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁art ▁and ▁design . ▁By ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁had ▁been ▁set ▁up ▁in ▁Per lis , ▁Sab ah ▁and ▁Sar aw ak . ▁The ▁development ▁of ▁IT M ▁was ▁in ▁three ▁stages . ▁The ▁first ▁phase ▁( 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 7 6 ) ▁came ▁with ▁the ▁declaration ▁of ▁the ▁inst itute ▁as ▁an ▁autonom ous ▁body ▁with ▁its ▁own ▁ 3 0 0 - acre ▁campus ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am , ▁and ▁was ▁placed ▁under ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁R ural ▁Development . ▁The ▁second ▁phase ▁( 1 9 7 6 - 1 9 9 6 ) ▁saw ▁IT |
M ▁rapidly ▁har ness ing ▁its ▁potential ▁as ▁an ▁institution ▁of ▁higher ▁learning . ▁It ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁passing ▁of ▁the ▁IT M ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁that ▁placed ▁the ▁inst itute ▁directly ▁under ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Education . ▁ ▁University ▁status ▁The ▁third ▁phase ▁( 1 9 9 6 - 1 9 9 9 ) ▁came ▁about ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁an ▁am end ment ▁to ▁the ▁IT M ▁Act ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁which ▁granted ▁the ▁institution ▁all ▁the ▁powers ▁of ▁a ▁university ▁and ▁on ▁par ▁with ▁all ▁the ▁univers ities ▁in ▁the ▁country , ▁despite ▁retain ing ▁its ▁name . ▁Among ▁the ▁significant ▁change ▁was ▁a ▁creation ▁of ▁Board ▁of ▁Direct ors ▁and ▁Senate . ▁Many ▁principal ▁officers ▁of ▁IT M ▁were ▁re - design ated ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Branch ▁Director ▁was ▁renamed ▁R ector , ▁the ▁Head ▁of ▁Camp us ▁became ▁the ▁Prov ost , ▁while ▁Princi pal ▁and ▁Senior ▁L ect ur ers ▁were ▁re - design ated ▁as ▁Prof ess ors ▁and ▁Mal ay ▁Associ ate ▁Prof ess ors , ▁respectively ; ▁each ▁School ▁was ▁red es ign ated ▁as ▁a ▁Fac ulty ; ▁IT M ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁confer ▁degrees ▁up ▁to ▁Doctor ▁of ▁Philosoph y ▁level ; ▁IT M ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁unique ▁power ▁to ▁establish ▁courses ▁and ▁camp uses ▁abroad ▁with ▁permission ▁from ▁the ▁Minister ▁of ▁Education ; ▁the ▁Institute ▁was ▁con ferred ▁additional ▁powers ▁to ▁enable ▁it ▁to ▁conduct ▁business , ▁invest ▁in ▁shares , ▁set ▁up |
▁companies ▁and ▁eng age ▁in ▁commercial ▁research ; ▁discipl inary ▁powers ▁over ▁staff ▁were ▁transferred ▁from ▁the ▁Minister ▁to ▁the ▁Board ▁of ▁Direct ors ; ▁to ▁improve ▁staff ▁account ability , ▁the ▁Institute ▁was ▁best owed ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁imp ose ▁a ▁sur charge ; ▁and ▁the ▁proced ural ▁rights ▁of ▁students ▁in ▁discipl inary ▁proceed ings ▁were ▁strength ened . ▁ ▁In ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁Dr ▁Mah ath ir ▁Moh am ad ▁announced ▁the ▁change ▁in ▁name ▁of ▁IT M ▁to ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A , ▁U i TM . ▁With ▁such ▁acknowled g ement ▁from ▁the ▁government , ▁a ▁major ▁rest ruct uring ▁exercise ▁was ▁carried ▁out ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁cons olid ate ▁the ▁University ' s ▁resources ▁for ▁optim um ▁product ivity . ▁The ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A ▁Act ▁ 1 7 3 ▁was ▁draft ed ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁U i TM . ▁It ▁is ▁de emed ▁essential ▁as ▁the ▁Act ▁provides ▁gu idel ines ▁for ▁maintenance ▁and ▁smooth ▁administration ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁other ▁per tain ing ▁matters . ▁The ▁Act ▁also ▁serves ▁as ▁an ▁acknowled g ement ▁of ▁the ▁institution ’ s ▁transition ▁from ▁an ▁inst itute ▁to ▁a ▁university , ▁and ▁the ▁authority ▁best owed ▁upon ▁it ▁to ▁function ▁like ▁any ▁other ▁university . ▁This ▁includes ▁the ▁offering ▁of ▁courses ▁of ▁studies ▁and ▁the ▁confer ment ▁of ▁degrees ▁at ▁all ▁levels . ▁ ▁Camp us ▁U i |
TM ▁is ▁Malays ia ' s ▁largest ▁institution ▁of ▁higher ▁learning ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁size ▁and ▁population . ▁Besides ▁the ▁main ▁campus ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am , ▁the ▁university ▁has ▁expanded ▁nation wide ▁with ▁ 3 4 ▁branch ▁camp uses , ▁which ▁collect ively ▁offers ▁more ▁than ▁ 5 0 0 ▁academic ▁program mes . ▁U i TM ▁established ▁a ▁system ▁called ▁ 1 ▁University ▁Multi ▁System ▁( 1 U i TM ). ▁Based ▁on ▁this ▁system , ▁there ▁is ▁an ▁anchor ▁university ▁and ▁ 1 3 ▁branch ▁camp uses . ▁ ▁The ▁anchor ▁university ▁assumes ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁the ▁administrative ▁centre ▁and ▁the ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁will ▁be ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁state ▁administration . ▁U i TM ▁is ▁head ed ▁by ▁a ▁Vice - Ch an cell or ▁while ▁the ▁branch ▁campus ▁is ▁head ed ▁by ▁a ▁R ector , ▁who ▁is ▁directly ▁account able ▁to ▁the ▁Vice - Ch an cell or . ▁The ▁anchor ▁university ▁consists ▁of ▁the ▁main ▁campus ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁and ▁the ▁Sel ang or ▁Branch ▁Camp us ▁( P unc ak ▁Al am , ▁Sel ay ang , ▁S ung ai ▁Bul oh , ▁P unc ak ▁P erd ana , ▁J al an ▁O th man ▁and ▁D eng kil ), ▁while ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁consist ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁camp uses ▁in ▁each ▁state ▁and ▁its ▁satellite ▁camp uses . ▁All ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁will ▁be ▁given ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁status ▁in ▁phases . ▁As ▁of ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 |
4 , ▁there ▁are ▁seven ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁which ▁have ▁been ▁given ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁status ▁namely , ▁Per lis , ▁Per ak , ▁Ter eng gan u , ▁Sar aw ak , ▁Mel aka , ▁Pul au ▁Pin ang ▁and ▁P ah ang ▁camp uses . ▁ ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁Main ▁Camp us ▁ ▁L ibr aries ▁The ▁found ing ▁of ▁U i TM ▁Library ▁began ▁with ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁at ▁J al an ▁O th man , ▁Pet aling ▁J aya ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 . ▁Initial ly , ▁it ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁R ID A ▁Library ▁that ▁was ▁loaded ▁with ▁reading ▁materials ▁for ▁account ing ▁book ▁keeping ▁and ▁London ▁Chamber ▁of ▁Com merce ▁( L CC ) ▁exam ination ▁prepar atory ▁courses . ▁The ▁administration ▁of ▁the ▁library ▁was ▁operated ▁in ▁a ▁room ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁floor ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁Administr ative ▁Department ▁building ▁at ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre . ▁Later , ▁the ▁library ▁was ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁ground ▁floor ▁of ▁the ▁Administr ative ▁Department ▁an nex ▁to ▁accommod ate ▁the ▁increase ▁of ▁users ▁and ▁collections . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 5 , ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁library ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁MAR A ▁College ▁Library ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁change ▁from ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁to ▁MAR A ▁College . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁year ▁that ▁MAR A ▁College ▁Library ▁was ▁admin ister ed ▁by ▁a ▁cert ified ▁officer ▁in ▁li br ari ans hip . ▁The ▁library |
▁collections ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁consisted ▁only ▁of ▁books , ▁journ als , ▁mag az ines , ▁newsp apers ▁and ▁other ▁foreign ▁publications ▁in ▁English . ▁On ▁October ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁MAR A ▁College ▁was ▁again ▁changed ▁to ▁MAR A ▁Institute ▁of ▁Technology ▁( IT M ). ▁In ▁a ▁short ▁period ▁of ▁time , ▁the ▁J al an ▁O th man ▁campus ▁could ▁no ▁longer ▁accommod ate ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁new ▁professional ▁courses ▁that ▁indirect ly ▁has ▁caused ▁an ▁increase ▁in ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁students . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 2 , ▁the ▁IT M ▁main ▁campus ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am . ▁A ▁four - store y ▁building ▁was ▁spe cially ▁designated ▁as ▁the ▁IT M ▁library , ▁designed ▁based ▁on ▁discussion ▁with ▁the ▁Chief ▁L ibr arian , ▁according ▁to ▁specific ations ▁of ▁an ▁academic ▁library . ▁▁ ▁This ▁library ▁was ▁offici ated ▁by ▁the ▁second ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁Malays ia , ▁Tun ▁Abd ul ▁Raz ak ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 1 9 7 2 . ▁The ▁name ▁Tun ▁Abd ul ▁Raz ak ▁Library ▁was ▁chosen ▁in ▁honour ▁of ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister . ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁the ▁fourth ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁Malays ia , ▁Tun ▁Dr . ▁Mah ath ir ▁Moh am ad ▁announced ▁that ▁IT M ▁has ▁been ▁upgrad ed ▁to ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A ▁( U i TM ). ▁This ▁new ▁status ▁brought ▁U |
i TM ▁Library ▁to ▁a ▁transform ational ▁process ▁from ▁a ▁traditional ▁library ▁to ▁a ▁hy brid ▁library ▁in ▁line ▁with ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁current ▁technology . ▁The ▁library ▁internal ▁processes ▁are ▁now ▁autom ated . ▁In ▁addition , ▁U i TM ▁Library ▁services ▁can ▁now ▁be ▁accessed ▁ 2 4 / 7 ▁via ▁the ▁website ▁http :// www . library . uit m . edu . my /. ▁It ▁functions ▁as ▁the ▁primary ▁source ▁of ▁online ▁reference ▁for ▁users ▁at ▁all ▁time , ▁with ▁the ▁Any where , ▁Any time , ▁Anyone ▁concept . ▁ ▁Res ident ial ▁colleg es ▁There ▁are ▁ 1 3 ▁resident ial ▁colleg es ▁which ▁provide ▁accommod ation ▁to ▁students ▁in ▁the ▁main ▁campus . ▁These ▁colleg es ▁differ ▁from ▁one ▁another ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁room ▁capacity , ▁where ▁some ▁colleg es ▁accommod ate ▁two ▁students ▁per ▁room ▁while ▁some ▁accommod ate ▁up ▁to ▁eight ▁students ▁per ▁room . ▁Res ident ial ▁colleg es ▁are ▁not ▁autonom ous ▁as ▁they ▁fall ▁under ▁the ▁juris diction ▁of ▁U i TM . ▁However , ▁the ▁director ▁of ▁each ▁college ▁has ▁vast ▁power ▁end ors ed ▁to ▁them ▁in ▁gover ning ▁these ▁colleg es . ▁ ▁The ▁colleg es ▁are ▁seg reg ated ▁by ▁gender ▁where ▁different ▁colleg es ▁c ater ▁only ▁to ▁either ▁male ▁or ▁female ▁students , ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁K ole j ▁Ter ata i ▁where ▁male ▁and ▁female ▁students ▁live ▁in ▁different ▁blocks . ▁R ental ▁for ▁resident ial ▁colleg es ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁campus |
▁is ▁free ▁for ▁only ▁first ▁year ▁students . ▁However , ▁a ▁minimum ▁fee ▁is ▁charged ▁for ▁second ▁year ▁students ▁and ▁above . ▁First ▁year ▁students ▁are ▁not ▁allowed ▁to ▁drive ▁their ▁own ▁vehicles ▁except ▁for ▁motor cy cles . ▁All ▁colleg es ▁have ▁access ▁to ▁free ▁Wi - Fi ▁service , ▁which ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁integrated ▁wireless ▁internet ▁connection ▁for ▁the ▁university ▁itself . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁main ▁campus ▁receives ▁an ▁increase ▁in ▁student ▁en rol ment ▁each ▁year , ▁there ▁are ▁constraints ▁on ▁the ▁resident ial ▁college ▁facilities . ▁Many ▁students ▁in ▁U i TM ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁have ▁to ▁rent ▁off - camp us ▁resident ial ▁facilities ▁on ▁their ▁own . ▁In ▁ens uring ▁the ▁w elf are ▁and ▁safety ▁of ▁the ▁non - res ident ▁students ▁who ▁stay ▁off - camp us , ▁the ▁college ▁management ▁has ▁established ▁a ▁Non - Res ident ▁Management ▁Unit ▁to ▁manage ▁living ▁environment ▁matters ▁for ▁these ▁students . ▁This ▁unit ▁will ▁help ▁non - res ident ▁students ▁in ▁search ▁of ▁accommod ation ▁within ▁Shah ▁Al am . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁some ▁facilities ▁offered ▁to ▁non - res ident ▁students . ▁Prima ▁S is wa ▁Complex ▁located ▁inside ▁the ▁campus , ▁provides ▁a ▁student ▁l oun ge . ▁It ▁features ▁a ▁large ▁screen ▁television , ▁day ▁lock ers , ▁information ▁ra cks , ▁bullet in ▁board , ▁pool ▁table , ▁fo os ball , ▁ind oor ▁games , ▁prayer ▁room ▁and ▁student ▁activity ▁room . ▁The ▁U i TM ▁Student ▁Service ▁Centre ▁is ▁located |
▁outside ▁the ▁campus ▁in ▁the ▁Section ▁ 7 ▁Com mer cial ▁Centre , ▁Shah ▁Al am . ▁It ▁includes ▁free ▁internet ▁sur f ing ▁( w ired ▁and ▁Wi - Fi ), ▁self - service ▁la und ry ▁and ▁a ▁small ▁l oun ge . ▁ ▁Academ ic ▁The ▁university ▁is ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁fac ult ies ▁and ▁academ ies . ▁It ▁is ▁categor ised ▁into ▁three ▁main ▁clusters ▁namely ▁business ▁and ▁management ; ▁social ▁sciences ▁and ▁human ities ; ▁and ▁science ▁and ▁technology . ▁The ▁Academ ic ▁Affairs ▁Division , ▁head ed ▁by ▁a ▁Deput y ▁Vice - Ch an cell or , ▁is ▁responsible ▁to ▁ensure ▁the ▁sound ness ▁of ▁the ▁academic ▁programs ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁robust , ▁uniform ▁and ▁standard ised ▁academic ▁delivery ▁throughout ▁the ▁whole ▁U i TM ▁system ▁across ▁the ▁nation . ▁ ▁The ▁Senate ▁is ▁the ▁highest ▁authority ▁in ▁U i TM ▁for ▁all ▁academic ▁matters . ▁It ▁is ▁cha ired ▁by ▁the ▁Vice - Ch an cell or ▁and ▁the ▁membership ▁compr ises ▁all ▁De ans ▁of ▁fac ult ies ▁and ▁academic ▁cent res , ▁represent atives ▁from ▁the ▁R ectors ▁of ▁camp uses , ▁senior ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁academic ▁staff , ▁and ▁a ▁registr ar . ▁The ▁Senate ▁are ▁responsible ▁to ▁create ▁curr icul um ▁and ▁academic ▁programs ; ▁to ▁set ▁the ▁standard ▁of ▁teaching , ▁learning ▁and ▁training ▁conducted ▁at ▁the ▁U i TM ; ▁to ▁determine ▁the ▁entry ▁qual ifications ▁into ▁any ▁academic ▁programs ▁offered ; ▁and ▁to ▁end |
or se ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁student ▁assess ments ▁and ▁awards ▁of ▁all ▁academic ▁degrees ▁at ▁doctor al , ▁master , ▁b ach elor , ▁di pl oma ▁and ▁certificate ▁levels . ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁ 4 7 0 ▁program mes ▁offered ▁by ▁U i TM ▁include ▁degrees ▁at ▁doctor al , ▁master , ▁b ach elor , ▁di pl oma ▁and ▁certificate ▁levels . ▁There ▁are ▁ 2 8 6 ▁program mes ▁based ▁on ▁science ▁and ▁technology ▁while ▁another ▁ 1 8 4 ▁program mes ▁are ▁non - s cience ▁and ▁technology . ▁In ▁addition , ▁ 9 4 ▁professional ▁program mes ▁( local ▁and ▁international ) ▁are ▁offered ▁by ▁U i TM . ▁This ▁includes ▁program mes ▁cert ified ▁by ▁University ▁of ▁London ▁International ▁Program mes , ▁the ▁Association ▁of ▁Char tered ▁Cert ified ▁Account ants ▁( AC CA ), ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Char tered ▁Secret aries ▁and ▁Administr ators ▁( IC SA ), ▁the ▁Char tered ▁Institute ▁of ▁Transport ▁( C IT ), ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Elect rical ▁& ▁Electron ics ▁Engine ers ▁( IE EE ), ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Elect rical ▁Engine ers ▁( IE E ), ▁the ▁Char tered ▁Institute ▁of ▁Building ▁( C IO B ), ▁London ▁College ▁of ▁Print ing , ▁Institute ▁and ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Act u aries ▁of ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁and ▁many ▁more . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁U i TM ▁( then ▁IT M ) ▁established ▁IT M - Off ▁Camp us ▁with |
▁the ▁aim ▁to ▁provide ▁opportun ities ▁for ▁working ▁adult s ▁to ▁further ▁and ▁obtain ▁a ▁quality ▁t ert i ary ▁education . ▁Class es ▁are ▁held ▁after ▁office ▁hours ▁on ▁week days ▁and ▁on ▁week ends , ▁and ▁courses ▁are ▁pattern ed ▁after ▁the ▁full - time ▁main stream ▁programs . ▁The ▁success ▁of ▁external ▁program ▁prop elled ▁U i TM ▁toward ▁emb ark ing ▁upon ▁the ▁distance ▁mode . ▁After ▁several ▁improvements ▁and ▁revolution , ▁Institute ▁of ▁Ne o ▁Education ▁( i N ED ) ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁offering ▁several ▁di pl oma ▁and ▁degree ▁courses ▁on ▁distance ▁and ▁out - camp us ▁mode . ▁ ▁Research ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁MAR A ▁( U i TM ) ▁is ▁a ▁self - des cribed ▁" res earch - int ensive ▁entrepr ene ur ial ▁university " ▁considered ▁by ▁the ▁Q S ▁World ▁University ▁Rank ings ▁to ▁have ▁" very ▁high ▁research ▁activity ". ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁U i TM ' s ▁research ▁publication ▁was ▁ranked ▁ 5 th ▁nation wide ▁by ▁Web ▁of ▁Science . ▁Sc opus ▁reported , ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁ 6 , 8 6 3 ▁papers ▁has ▁been ▁published ▁in ▁academic ▁journ als ▁by ▁U i TM ▁fac ult ies ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁c ited ▁in ▁ 7 , 4 7 9 ▁papers ▁with ▁ 3 2 . 7 % ▁of ▁it ▁was ▁self - |
c ited ▁by ▁U i TM ' s ▁research ers . ▁ ▁Institute ▁of ▁Research ▁Management ▁& ▁In nov ation ▁( IR MI ) ▁is ▁the ▁research ▁arm ▁of ▁the ▁university . ▁It ▁was ▁created ▁to ▁manage ▁research , ▁consult ancy , ▁intellectual ▁property ▁protection , ▁commercial isation , ▁initi ate ▁new ▁research ▁and ▁innov ation ▁activities . ▁IR MI ▁conduct s ▁sem in ars , ▁work sh ops ▁and ▁road sh ows ▁to ▁encou rage ▁and ▁train ▁the ▁academ ics ▁and ▁non - ac ade mic ▁staff ▁on ▁research ▁and ▁consult ancy , ▁se cur ing ▁research ▁gr ants ▁and ▁projects , ▁man aging ▁their ▁fin ances ▁and ▁publishing ▁research ▁work . ▁It ▁also ▁handles ▁the ▁university ’ s ▁Research ▁Eth ics ▁Committee . ▁▁ ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁ve in , ▁IR MI ▁organ ises ▁expos itions ▁of ▁innov ations ▁and ▁research ▁to ▁encou rage ▁innov ations ▁and ▁invent ions ▁within ▁the ▁university ’ s ▁environment . ▁ ▁U i TM , ▁in ▁the ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁main ▁campus ▁and ▁its ▁satellite ▁camp uses ▁in ▁the ▁K lang ▁Valley , ▁has ▁been ▁foc using ▁on ▁research ▁excell ence ▁and ▁post grad uate ▁training ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Malays ia ▁Plan , ▁which ▁include ▁the ▁Research ▁and ▁Development ▁( R & D ) ▁Road map ▁Action ▁Plan . ▁The ▁U i TM ▁R & D ▁Road map ▁specifically ▁emphas ised ▁on ▁two ▁research ▁performance ▁indic ators , ▁namely ▁to ▁increase ▁number ▁of ▁principal |
▁investig ators ▁and ▁students ▁to ▁publish ▁in ▁Web ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Sc opus ▁journ als . ▁Research ▁fund ing ▁in ▁U i TM ▁has ▁been ▁stead ily ▁increasing ▁from ▁just ▁over ▁R M 1 4 ▁million ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁to ▁R M 5 0 . 4 ▁million ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁Social ▁science ▁and ▁human ities ▁research ▁made ▁up ▁around ▁ 2 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁secured ▁fund ing . ▁ ▁To ▁ste er ▁Malays ia ▁towards ▁becoming ▁an ▁innov ation - based ▁and ▁knowledge - based ▁economy , ▁Ministry ▁of ▁High er ▁Education ▁( MO HE ) ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁recogn ised ▁six ▁research ▁institutions ▁as ▁High er ▁Institution s ▁Centre ▁of ▁Ex cell ence ▁( H IC o E ) ▁including ▁U i TM ' s ▁Account ing ▁Research ▁Institute ▁( AR I ) ▁for ▁its ▁research ▁n iche ▁area ▁in ▁Islam ic ▁Fin ance ▁C rimin ology . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁U i TM ' s ▁Malays ian ▁Institute ▁of ▁Transport ▁( MIT R AN S ) ▁con ferred ▁as ▁H IC o E ▁for ▁the ▁n iche ▁area ▁of ▁Hal al an ▁To yy ib ban ▁Supp ly ▁Ch ain . ▁Six ▁U i TM ' s ▁research ▁institutions ▁has ▁been ▁granted ▁Centre ▁of ▁Ex cell ence ▁( Co E ) ▁status ▁namely ▁Institute ▁of ▁Science ▁( IOS ), ▁Institute ▁of ▁In frastr ucture ▁and ▁Environment al ▁Services ▁and ▁Management ▁( II ES M ), ▁Institute |
▁of ▁Path ology , ▁Medical ▁and ▁For ens ic ▁Labor atory ▁( I - P Per Form ), ▁Att a - U r - R ah man ▁Institute ▁for ▁Natural ▁Product ▁Disc overy ▁( A u R In s ), ▁Integr ative ▁Ph arm ac ogen omic ▁Centre ▁( i P ROM I SE ), ▁and ▁Institute ▁of ▁Business ▁Ex cell ence ▁( IB E ). ▁ ▁Re putation ▁ ▁As ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁leading ▁univers ities ▁in ▁Malays ia , ▁U i TM ▁has ▁been ▁r ated ▁posit ively ▁by ▁local ▁and ▁international ▁bodies . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁U i TM ▁was ▁r ated ▁' T ier ▁ 5 : ▁Ex cell ent ' ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Malays ian ▁Qual ifications ▁Agency ▁( MQ A ) ▁R ating ▁System ▁for ▁High er ▁Education ▁Institution s ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁( SET AR A ▁' 0 9 ). ▁U i TM ▁maintained ▁its ▁rating ▁of ▁' T ier ▁ 5 : ▁Ex cell ent ' ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Malays ian ▁Qual ifications ▁Agency ▁( MQ A ) ▁R ating ▁System ▁for ▁High er ▁Education ▁Institution s ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁( SET AR A ▁' 1 1 ). ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁year , ▁U i TM ▁was ▁r ated ▁ 2 ▁stars ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Malays ian ▁Research ▁Ass ess ment ▁Inst rument ▁( My RA ) ▁where ▁univers ities ▁are ▁given ▁“ star ▁ratings ” ▁for ▁their ▁research , |
▁development ▁and ▁commercial isation ▁efforts . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁U i TM ▁was ▁awarded ▁by ▁Ministry ▁of ▁High er ▁Education ▁as ▁Entre pr ene ur ial ▁University ▁Of ▁The ▁Year . ▁ ▁In ▁global ▁rank ings , ▁U i TM ▁best ▁performance ▁was ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁when ▁it ▁position ed ▁as ▁ 1 6 8 th ▁best ▁university ▁in ▁Asia , ▁despite ▁maintain ing ▁its ▁ 7 th ▁position ▁locally . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁five ▁subjects ▁were ▁ranked ▁in ▁Q S ▁World ▁University ▁Rank ing ▁by ▁Sub ject , ▁an ▁increase ▁of ▁two ▁subjects ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁ranking . ▁ ▁International ▁partners ▁The ▁university ▁holds ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁formal ▁links ▁with ▁institutions ▁from ▁around ▁the ▁world ▁to ▁share ▁teaching ▁and ▁research ▁and ▁facil itate ▁staff ▁and ▁student ▁ex changes . ▁As ▁of ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁ 2 5 ▁univers ities ▁eng agement , ▁ 9 ▁emb ass ies ▁and ▁ 2 ▁others ▁have ▁been ▁identified ▁as ▁global ▁partners . ▁ ▁Univers ities ▁▁ ▁X i ’ an ▁Pe ih ua ▁University ▁▁ ▁Indiana ▁University ▁Al umn i ▁Association ▁▁ ▁Univers itas ▁And al as ▁▁ ▁Univers itas ▁Islam ▁Sultan ▁Ag ung ▁( UN I SS U LA ) ▁▁ ▁Lin yi ▁University , ▁Sh and ong ▁▁ ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁Ar ington ▁▁ ▁Tokyo ▁University ▁of ▁Agricult ure ▁and ▁Technology ▁( T U AT ) ▁▁ ▁Univers itas ▁Jay ab aya , |
▁Jak arta ▁▁ ▁H ok ka ido ▁University ▁▁ ▁National ▁Institute ▁of ▁Technology , ▁K ag awa ▁College ▁▁ ▁B unk yo ▁G aku in ▁University ▁▁ ▁University ▁Grant ▁Commission ▁of ▁Bang l adesh ▁▁ ▁Bh ag w ant ▁University ▁A j mer ▁▁ ▁Sh iba ura ▁Institute ▁of ▁Technology ▁( S IT ) ▁▁ ▁O H IO ▁University ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁▁ ▁Frankfurt ▁University ▁of ▁App lied ▁Sciences ▁▁ ▁Re ut ingen ▁University ▁▁ ▁R its ume ikan ▁University ▁▁ ▁B unk yo ▁G aku in ▁University ▁▁ ▁To yo ▁University ▁▁ ▁K ang won ▁National ▁University ▁▁ ▁Sh and ong ▁X ie h ie ▁University ▁▁ ▁University ▁of ▁C inc inn ati , ▁Ohio ▁▁ ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁Texas , ▁Ar ling ton ▁▁ ▁Br une i ▁University ▁ ▁Emb ass ies ▁ ▁Canadian ▁Emb ass y ▁ ▁Emb ass y ▁of ▁The ▁People ’ s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁( 3 ) ▁ ▁Emb ass y ▁of ▁The ▁State ▁of ▁K uw ait ▁ ▁Emb ass y ▁of ▁Czech ▁Republic ▁ ▁Cons ulate ▁General ▁Malays ia ▁in ▁Shang hai ▁ ▁Emb ass y ▁of ▁The ▁Federal ▁Republic ▁of ▁Som alia ▁ ▁Emb ass y ▁of ▁The ▁Republic ▁of ▁U z bek istan ▁ ▁O thers ▁ ▁Sk ype ▁Me eting ▁Better ▁Fut ures ▁ ▁A PA / E ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁ ▁Al umn i ▁ ▁U i TM ▁gradu ates ▁have ▁found ▁success ▁in ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁fields , ▁and |
▁have ▁served ▁at ▁the ▁heads ▁of ▁diverse ▁institutions ▁both ▁in ▁the ▁public ▁and ▁private ▁sector . ▁As ▁of ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁more ▁than ▁ 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁al umn i ▁have ▁graduated ▁from ▁U i TM ▁over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁its ▁history . ▁A ▁dedicated ▁U i TM ▁Office ▁of ▁Al umn i ▁Rel ations ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁which ▁a ims ▁to ▁maintain ing ▁and ▁updating ▁a ▁database ▁of ▁al umn i ▁in ▁collaboration ▁with ▁fac ult ies ▁and ▁camp uses ; ▁promote ▁strateg ic ▁relationships ; ▁maxim ising ▁social ▁capital ▁and ▁to ▁promote ▁the ▁generation ▁of ▁income ▁through ▁entrepr ene ur ial ▁activity ▁with ▁al umn i . ▁F rat ern ity ▁among ▁al umn us ▁was ▁further ▁u ph old ▁with ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁U i TM ▁Bud iman ▁Foundation ▁which ▁helps ▁the ▁need y ▁students ▁and ▁give ▁financial ▁support ▁to ▁current ▁student ▁who ▁further ▁studies ▁in ▁post grad ▁level . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁notable ▁al umn i ▁include ▁the ▁following : ▁ ▁H R H ▁S iti ▁A ish ah : ▁ 1 1 th ▁R aja ▁Per ma is uri ▁Ag ong ▁( Que en ) ▁of ▁Malays ia . ▁ ▁Richard ▁Mal an j um : ▁Chief ▁Judge ▁at ▁the ▁High ▁Cour ts ▁of ▁Sab ah ▁and ▁Sar aw ak ▁and ▁former ▁Judge ▁at ▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁App e al ▁and ▁Federal ▁Court . ▁ ▁Mus a ▁A man : ▁Polit ician , ▁ 1 |
4 th ▁Chief ▁Minister ▁of ▁Sab ah . ▁ ▁K amar ud in ▁Mer an un : ▁Co - found er ▁and ▁Executive ▁Chair man ▁of ▁Air As ia . ▁ ▁A min ar ▁R ash id ▁S alle h : ▁President ▁and ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁Officer ▁of ▁Per od ua , ▁Malays ia ' s ▁largest ▁autom obile ▁manufact urer . ▁ ▁Sh az al li ▁Ram ly : ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁Officer ▁of ▁Cel com , ▁a ▁tele communic ation ▁con gl omer ate . ▁ ▁Kh amil ▁J amil : ▁Man aging ▁Director ▁of ▁DR B - H IC OM , ▁one ▁of ▁Malays ia ' s ▁leading ▁corpor ation . ▁ ▁Nancy ▁Sh uk ri : ▁Polit ician , ▁Minister ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Department . ▁ ▁Az al ina ▁O th man ▁Sa id : ▁Polit ician , ▁Minister ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Department ▁and ▁former ▁Minister ▁of ▁Youth ▁and ▁Sports . ▁ ▁Za id ▁I bra him : ▁Polit ician , ▁former ▁Minister ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Department ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁legal ▁affairs . ▁ ▁Moh d ▁Z in ▁Moh amed : ▁Polit ician , ▁former ▁Minister ▁of ▁Works . ▁ ▁Dy ana ▁Sof ya ▁Moh d ▁Da ud : ▁Polit ician , ▁lawyer ▁and ▁column ist . ▁Rah mat ▁Moh am ad : ▁ 5 th ▁S ect ary - General ▁of ▁Asian - A fr ican ▁Leg al ▁Cons ult ative ▁Organ ization ▁( A AL CO ). ▁ ▁Y una |
: ▁Malays ian ▁singer - song writer ▁and ▁business w oman . ▁ ▁Fa iz al ▁T ah ir : ▁Malays ian ▁singer - song writer . ▁ ▁Moh am ad ▁Sab u : ▁Polit ician , ▁ ▁Minister ▁of ▁Def ence . ▁ ▁Han is ▁Z al ik ha : ▁B logger , ▁Model ▁& ▁Act ress . ▁ ▁Mira ▁Fil z ah : ▁A ctor . ▁ ▁F att ah ▁A min : ▁A ctor ▁& ▁S inger . ▁ ▁T eng ku ▁Ad nan : ▁Polit ician ▁ ▁Bar u ▁Bian : ▁Polit ician ▁ ▁Ah ir ud in ▁Att an : ▁B logger , ▁journalist ▁and ▁former ▁editor , ▁Form er ▁editor ▁of ▁several ▁New ▁Stra its ▁Times ▁Press ▁( N ST P ) ▁publications , ▁including ▁the ▁Business ▁Times , ▁The ▁Mal ay ▁Mail ▁and ▁The ▁Sunday ▁Mail . ▁ ▁F ik ry ▁I bra him : ▁A ctor , ▁Com ed ian , ▁TV ▁Host , ▁& ▁Model ▁ ▁R ina ▁Har un : ▁Polit ician , ▁Women ' s ▁Chief ▁of ▁the ▁Malays ian ▁United ▁Ind igen ous ▁Party ▁( PP B M ), ▁a ▁component ▁of ▁the ▁Pak atan ▁Har apan ▁( PH ) ▁coal ition . ▁ ▁Af if ▁Bah ardin : ▁Polit ician , ▁Deput y ▁Chief ▁of ▁Parti ▁K ead il an ▁Rak y at ▁Perm at ang ▁P au h ; ▁Pen ang ▁State ▁Executive ▁Coun c ill or ▁for ▁agricult ure , ▁ag ro - based ▁indust ries , ▁rural |