text stringlengths 27 153 | label stringlengths 27 153 | id int64 0 40k |
|---|---|---|
algorithms Fuzzy suitable clustering performing based soft for tasks. are logic always | Fuzzy logic based algorithms are always suitable for performing soft clustering tasks. | 10,600 |
(FCM) C Means based logic is fuzzy Fuzzy a algorithm very algorithm. popular | Fuzzy C Means (FCM) algorithm is a very popular fuzzy logic based algorithm. | 10,601 |
components critical two time many systems. are and real of Space world | Space and time are two critical components of many real world systems. | 10,602 |
this has reason, of a data in interest. anomalies of For spatiotemporal great been analysis | For this reason, analysis of anomalies in spatiotemporal data has been a great of interest. | 10,603 |
the arguments. from ranking values arguments of strength is on In derived the general, the | In general, the ranking on arguments is derived from the strength values of the arguments. | 10,604 |
fixed we issues this point paper, technique. will In via cope these with | In this paper, we will cope with these issues via fixed point technique. | 10,605 |
low effectively Crowdsourcing labels paradigm a for at popular cost. is collecting | Crowdsourcing is a popular paradigm for effectively collecting labels at low cost. | 10,606 |
crowd In we efficient paper, a two-stage algorithm multi-class problems. this propose for labeling | In this paper, we propose a two-stage efficient algorithm for multi-class crowd labeling problems. | 10,607 |
to estimate spectral an the first parameters. stage initial obtain The method uses of | The first stage uses the spectral method to obtain an initial estimate of parameters. | 10,608 |
achieves the convergence up We logarithmic to show that rate factor. optimal algorithm our a | We show that our algorithm achieves the optimal convergence rate up to a logarithmic factor. | 10,609 |
synthetic conduct experiments on extensive datasets. We real and | We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic and real datasets. | 10,610 |
freely together available, examples. source with code some is The | The source code is freely available, together with some examples. | 10,611 |
covariates. not or observed typically the in corruptions to these However, outliers robust algorithms are | However, these algorithms are typically not robust to outliers or corruptions in the observed covariates. | 10,612 |
has quantifying such effects to relationship been polygenic their risk disease challenging. and However, | However, quantifying such polygenic effects and their relationship to disease risk has been challenging. | 10,613 |
a For this number purpose of large literature. in methods exist | For this purpose a large number of methods exist in literature. | 10,614 |
a proposed. shapes has fusion In this recognition based method been paper | In this paper a fusion based shapes recognition method has been proposed. | 10,615 |
of a It applications from number to security has entertainment. ranging | It has a number of applications ranging from security to entertainment. | 10,616 |
time communication and need machines. applications applications These real fast, generally are accurate with | These applications generally are real time applications and need fast, accurate communication with machines. | 10,617 |
based before has done with calculation gloves/devices. sensor been Angle | Angle calculation has been done before with sensor based gloves/devices. | 10,618 |
level-set geometrical using detected were using analysis. and method angles are Fingertips calculated | Fingertips are detected using level-set method and angles were calculated using geometrical analysis. | 10,619 |
to This system task. technique the for perform no training requires | This technique requires no training for system to perform the task. | 10,620 |
low-rank estimation The a autoregressive the key is matrices. of find to | The key is to find a low-rank estimation of the autoregressive matrices. | 10,621 |
processes further exact are chosen details often consideration. of these much without The | The exact details of these processes are often chosen without much further consideration. | 10,622 |
choices this micro-level view robust the really are. these on challenge We and investigate how | We challenge this view and investigate how robust these choices on the micro-level really are. | 10,623 |
can that assumes scales images be at (zoom levels). only It taken different | It only assumes that images can be taken at different scales (zoom levels). | 10,624 |
are this causes gene possible Many incongruence tree of known. | Many possible causes of this gene tree incongruence are known. | 10,625 |
is process. commonly The studied best the lineage sorting, modeled by which coalescent incomplete is | The best studied is incomplete lineage sorting, which is commonly modeled by the coalescent process. | 10,626 |
fundamental metric for learning. critical are problems Two feature person representation and re-identification, | Two fundamental problems are critical for person re-identification, feature representation and metric learning. | 10,627 |
well computation regularization. XQDA, also method as as for We present practical a its | We also present a practical computation method for XQDA, as well as its regularization. | 10,628 |
hierarchical set Granular It in naturally problem, realized classification that any is arises. | It is realized that in any hierarchical classification problem, Granular set naturally arises. | 10,629 |
This of set. the concept generalizes rough | This generalizes the concept of rough set. | 10,630 |
theory of finds a It hoped sets that is graded granular/ applications. several detailed | It is hoped that a detailed theory of granular/ graded sets finds several applications. | 10,631 |
Such advantages has as many argued in modelling literature. | Such modelling has many advantages as argued in literature. | 10,632 |
the computational increasing population, overall Approximating repeated cost. these of requires the samplings statistics drastically | Approximating these statistics requires repeated samplings of the population, drastically increasing the overall computational cost. | 10,633 |
estimation video major developing the problems one in coding Motion of is applications. | Motion estimation is one of the major problems in developing video coding applications. | 10,634 |
belonging the solutions. approach vectors to The window uses potential search as motion | The approach uses motion vectors belonging to the search window as potential solutions. | 10,635 |
matching of candidate. motion vector the each function evaluates A quality fitness | A fitness function evaluates the matching quality of each motion vector candidate. | 10,636 |
Evolutionary counterintuitive interesting dynamics and many findings. to lead can on graphs | Evolutionary dynamics on graphs can lead to many interesting and counterintuitive findings. | 10,637 |
of Remarkably, the all single mutant fixation on is a the regular probability networks. same | Remarkably, the fixation probability of a single mutant is the same on all regular networks. | 10,638 |
increase networks fixation decrease But or probability. can the non-regular | But non-regular networks can increase or decrease the fixation probability. | 10,639 |
and introduced methods in the on Vision techniques literature. other based Several Computer are | Several methods based on Computer Vision and other techniques are introduced in the literature. | 10,640 |
Metropolis-Hastings define sampler We random-walk for updating diffusion a type bridges. | We define a random-walk type Metropolis-Hastings sampler for updating diffusion bridges. | 10,641 |
diffusion proposals sampling guided for Our methods are illustrated bridges. using | Our methods are illustrated using guided proposals for sampling diffusion bridges. | 10,642 |
examples the performance of Numerical our methods. demonstrate | Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of our methods. | 10,643 |
valuable this in are situation. particularly Diagnostics | Diagnostics are particularly valuable in this situation. | 10,644 |
tool Gaussian large-scale updates, plot'. a visualisation the and We diagnostic `medal present for | We present a diagnostic and visualisation tool for large-scale Gaussian updates, the `medal plot'. | 10,645 |
new, or can abnormal, novel, unusual be They information. noisy | They can be novel, new, abnormal, unusual or noisy information. | 10,646 |
the majority data. of are interesting more Outliers the sometimes than | Outliers are sometimes more interesting than the majority of the data. | 10,647 |
texture. is classification of mammographic characteristics major One mass for the | One of the major mammographic characteristics for mass classification is texture. | 10,648 |
the The Haralick characterizing in features Run features. textural length are masses and statistical used | The statistical textural features used in characterizing the masses are Haralick and Run length features. | 10,649 |
bias comparable laboratories the same measurement amongst were for measurement also process. Ratio and variability | Ratio measurement variability and bias were also comparable amongst laboratories for the same measurement process. | 10,650 |
biases were for using different enrichment observed processes measurement Different mRNA protocols. | Different biases were observed for measurement processes using different mRNA enrichment protocols. | 10,651 |
in significance the discuss our of We results real life context the of networks. | We discuss the significance of our results in the context of real life networks. | 10,652 |
complete dengue This epidemic would the epidemic. most to the proposed be describe model | This would be the most complete epidemic model proposed to describe the dengue epidemic. | 10,653 |
fuzzy paradigm. This guide, formalized was in write logic using language, natural | This guide, write in natural language, was formalized using fuzzy logic paradigm. | 10,654 |
are system project. including validation, All expert TERAPERS part these researches, of | All these researches, including expert system validation, are part of TERAPERS project. | 10,655 |
matrix-vector sparse easy and is to products DFacTo, only parallelize. algorithm, two requires Our | Our algorithm, DFacTo, only requires two sparse matrix-vector products and is easy to parallelize. | 10,656 |
new a regardless network called SPP-net, of can The representation fixed-length generate size/scale. image structure, | The new network structure, called SPP-net, can generate a fixed-length representation regardless of image size/scale. | 10,657 |
Pyramid to is pooling robust deformations. also object | Pyramid pooling is also robust to object deformations. | 10,658 |
CNN-based With improve advantages, general image should classification these all in SPP-net methods. | With these advantages, SPP-net should in general improve all CNN-based image classification methods. | 10,659 |
also SPP-net detection. significant in object is power of The | The power of SPP-net is also significant in object detection. | 10,660 |
avoids This computing convolutional method the features. repeatedly | This method avoids repeatedly computing the convolutional features. | 10,661 |
introduces improvement the This this made also for manuscript competition. | This manuscript also introduces the improvement made for this competition. | 10,662 |
experimental linear are the model. also of Several reported, which the suitability justify results | Several experimental results are also reported, which justify the suitability of the linear model. | 10,663 |
agreement. We with single molecule find strong experiments compare our available predictions and manipulation | We compare our predictions with available single molecule manipulation experiments and find strong agreement. | 10,664 |
and elucidate constrained In particular overstretching. we difference unconstrained the between angularly | In particular we elucidate the difference between angularly constrained and unconstrained overstretching. | 10,665 |
key vision. a actions human is Understanding computer problem in | Understanding human actions is a key problem in computer vision. | 10,666 |
is of only recognizing what step actions first However, is a person understanding doing. the | However, recognizing actions is only the first step of understanding what a person is doing. | 10,667 |
make contributions main to three this. We achieve | We make three main contributions to achieve this. | 10,668 |
a population have a The environment evolves selection. crucial can in on impact which | The environment in which a population evolves can have a crucial impact on selection. | 10,669 |
in environment. finite dynamics changing size We a fixed evolutionary populations of in study | We study evolutionary dynamics in finite populations of fixed size in a changing environment. | 10,670 |
death events. population driven dynamics by The and birth are | The population dynamics are driven by birth and death events. | 10,671 |
the varies structure which payoff our evolutionary games We in theory to for time. apply | We apply our theory to evolutionary games for which the payoff structure varies in time. | 10,672 |
surprising interpretation provide We this an intuitive effect. of | We provide an intuitive interpretation of this surprising effect. | 10,673 |
distributions dynamics. We in also investigate stationary present when are the mutations | We also investigate stationary distributions when mutations are present in the dynamics. | 10,674 |
measure. regime, approximations stationary In the we find this of two | In this regime, we find two approximations of the stationary measure. | 10,675 |
well for works for One switching, rapid the slowly other fluctuating environments. | One works well for rapid switching, the other for slowly fluctuating environments. | 10,676 |
Neural Convolutional (CNN) tasks. demonstrated Network in performance single-label classification image promising has | Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has demonstrated promising performance in single-label image classification tasks. | 10,677 |
the affecting representations. investigates such transferability factors introduces This paper and several of | This paper introduces and investigates several factors affecting the transferability of such representations. | 10,678 |
problem In study a we detector, the i.e. this `test-driving' of paper, | In this paper, we study the problem of `test-driving' a detector, i.e. | 10,679 |
We on of here their analyses plants. focus | We focus here on their analyses of plants. | 10,680 |
the sampled value are components using algorithm. These MSR down enhanced | These down sampled value components are enhanced using the MSR algorithm. | 10,681 |
wavelet the and computes in This scheme image enhanced of both original energy domain. | This scheme computes the energy of both original and enhanced image in wavelet domain. | 10,682 |
method state-of-the-art for action Our and gives prediction. results keypoint | Our method gives state-of-the-art results for keypoint and action prediction. | 10,683 |
citation. however excessive this Metrics through are such potentially as self impacted | Metrics such as this are however potentially impacted through excessive self citation. | 10,684 |
insights how to differ. rigorous on they leading We both comparison a provide of perspectives | We provide a rigorous comparison of both perspectives leading to insights on how they differ. | 10,685 |
local such of well-known of structure, forms lines Patches T-junctions. or as edges straight exhibit | Patches of edges exhibit well-known forms of local structure, such as straight lines or T-junctions. | 10,686 |
estimate We a criterion of derive information number selection clusters. to model the | We derive a model selection information criterion to estimate the number of clusters. | 10,687 |
and have To developed for been methods in introduced various images. date assessing textures | To date various methods have been developed and introduced for assessing textures in images. | 10,688 |
studies, success- use. has ful weaknesses in TEM Despite number several of a serious | Despite several success- ful studies, TEM has a number of serious weaknesses in use. | 10,689 |
image. therefore masks cannot they is; adapted The drawback the predefined be are major to | The major drawback is; the masks are predefined therefore they cannot be adapted to image. | 10,690 |
assess To TEM. aTEM, with it the compared of applicability is | To assess the applicability of aTEM, it is compared with TEM. | 10,691 |
for this texture aTEM results a analysis. method of indicate that study is The successful | The results of this study indicate that aTEM is a successful method for texture analysis. | 10,692 |
with extensive range testing wide and performed results. a We models have the of report | We have performed extensive testing with a wide range of models and report the results. | 10,693 |
three the truncation. measurements to flow-cytometry first We the of modeling problems, consider being subject | We consider three problems, the first being the modeling of flow-cytometry measurements subject to truncation. | 10,694 |
of where problems latter inference Markov Carlo is Monte are chain instances doubly-intractable. two The | The latter two are instances of problems where Markov chain Monte Carlo inference is doubly-intractable. | 10,695 |
Our algorithms for such demonstrate problems. state-of-the-art experiments superior performance over sampling | Our experiments demonstrate superior performance over state-of-the-art sampling algorithms for such problems. | 10,696 |
views face factors, Various coupled in (poses), illuminations, identities, images. are as such and | Various factors, such as identities, views (poses), and illuminations, are coupled in face images. | 10,697 |
challenge identity recognition. major a face in is and representations Disentangling the view | Disentangling the identity and view representations is a major challenge in face recognition. | 10,698 |
is of from different human the behavior brain. This | This is different from the behavior of human brain. | 10,699 |
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