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Frank Lloyd Wright
Who was the first to design architecture environmentally?
Buckminster Fuller
Who was known for focusing on the environment in the 1960s?
The U.S. Green Building Council
What organization's rating system promotes sustainability?
New Urbanism, Metaphoric architecture and New Classical Architecture
What are three new movements that have a focus on sustainability?
solitary housing estates and suburban sprawl.
What kinds of buildings and building developments are the new movements not in favor of?
smart growth, architectural tradition and classical design
What are three things the new movements try to achieve?
modernist and globally uniform architecture
What older architectural movements do the newer movements not go along with?
life expectancy, education, and income per capita
Which three statistics does the HDI compile?
longer
Does a high ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy?
Mahbub ul Haq
Who developed the HDI?
United Nations Development Programme
What entity publishes the HDI?
longer
Does a high ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy at birth?
2010
In what year did the Human Development Report introduce the IHDI?
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
What does IHDI stand for?
the IHDI
Which measures the potential development, the HDI or the IHDI?
the HDI
Which measures the potential development, the HDI or the IHDI?
1990
In what year did Mahbub ul Haq devise and launch the HDI?
Amartya Sen
Who was initially opposed to the idea of creating the HDI?
people-centered policies
Mahbub ul Haq was hoping to shift the focus of development economics to what type of policies?
1990
Which year was used for estimates in the 2011 report?
Life expectancy at birth
What does LE stand for?
Mean years of schooling
What does MYS stand for?
Expected years of schooling
What does EYS stand for?
Gross national income at purchasing power parity per capita
What does GNIpc stand for?
the United Nations Development Programme
What entity makes the defining formula for the HDI well-known?
December 14, 2015
On what date was the 2015 Human Development Report released?
2014
Which year was used for estimates in the 2015 report?
July 24, 2014
On what date was the 2014 Human Development Report released?
2013
Which year was used for estimates in the 2014 report?
Inequality
What does the IHDI specifically take into account?
the average level
Does the IHDI measure the "average" or the "potential" level of human development?
Cuba
Which Caribbean nation is in the top quartile of HDI (but missing IHDI)?
very high
Is the top quartile of HDI considered "high" or "very high" human development?
lack of necessary data
What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2014 report?
North Korea
Which East Asian dictatorship was excluded from the 2014 report?
March 14, 2013
On what date was the 2013 Human Development Report released?
2012
Which year was used for estimates in the 2013 report?
the average level
Does the IHDI measure the "average" or the "potential" level of human development?
Barbados
Which Caribbean nation is in the top quartile of HDI (but missing IHDI)?
Barbados
Which Caribbean nation is in the top quartile of HDI (but missing IHDI)?
2011
Which year was used for estimates in the 2011 report?
Barbados
Which Caribbean nation is in the top quartile of HDI (but missing IHDI)?
Barbados
Which Caribbean nation is in the top quartile of HDI (but missing IHDI)?
unavailability of certain crucial data
What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2011 report?
North Korea
Which East Asian dictatorship was excluded from the 2011 report?
November 4, 2010
On what date was the 2010 Human Development Report released?
2010
Which year was used for estimates in the 2010 report?
income, life expectancy, and education
In the IHDI, inequality is factored into what three human development dimensions?
Barbados
Which Caribbean nation is in the top quartile of HDI (but missing IHDI)?
unavailability of certain crucial data
What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2010 report?
Cuba
Which Caribbean nation protested its exclusion from the 2010 report?
High Human Development country
What ranking has Cuba been given since the situation with the missing data was addressed?
October 5, 2009
On what date was the 2009 Human Development Report released?
period up to 2007
What period is covered by the 2009 Human Development Report?
Overcoming barriers: Human mobility and development
What was another title for the 2009 Human Development Report?
very high human development
What new category was added in the 2009 Human Development Report?
developed countries
How does the 2009 Human Development Report refer to countries that rank "very high"?
being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication
What three reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?
statistical update
What type of update was released on December 18, 2008?
an accompanying Human Development Report
What was the index published on December 18, 2008 lacking?
up to 2006
What period was covered by the statistical update index released in December of 2008?
November 27, 2007
On what date was the 2007/2008 Human Development Report released?
Fighting climate change: Human solidarity in a divided world
What was the focus of the 2007/2008 Human Development Report?
2005
What is the most recent year that was included in the 2007/2008 Human Development Report?
2005
The HDI in the 2007/2008 Human Development Report is for what year?
Brasília, Brazil
Where was the 2007/2008 Human Development Report launched?
high income countries
Which countries experienced a decrease in HDI?
0.5
Under what number does a country need to fall in order to be considered a "low development" country?
Africa
On which continent are all 22 of the low development countries located?
119th
What is Gabon's ranking?
121st
What is South Africa's ranking?
Gabon and South Africa
What are the two highest ranking Sub-Saharan countries?
0.8
What number indicates the minimum score for a country to be considered a "high development" country?
Brazil
Which South American country was included among the seven promoted countries?
Russia
What is the largest country that was included among the seven promoted countries?
red arrows
If there is a decrease in a country's ranking, which indicator will be present?
green arrows
If there is an increase in a country's ranking, which indicator will be present?
Blue dash
If a country's ranking does not change, which indicator will be present?
Norway
Which country has been ranked highest the most number of times?
Iceland
Which country has received the top rank twice?
national performance and ranking
The HDI has been criticized for focusing exclusively on what?
Western
Has the HDI been criticized for being biased towards Western or towards Eastern models of development?
global
The HDI has been criticized for lack of what type of perspective on development?
egalitarianism
Critics of the HDI cite its focus on which: egalitarianism or authoritarianism?
three
How many economists were cited as pointing out data errors in the HDI?
2010
In what year did the UNDP respond to the criticism of its report?
The Economist
Which magazine publication carried a statement from the Human Development Report Office in January, 2011?
182
How many countries were included in the 2009 HDI?
169
How many countries were included in the 2010 HDI?
Mediterranean Europe
What is another term for southern Europe
Iberian peninsula
What is the name for the stretch of land on which Spain and Portugal are located?
Balkan countries
What nations are sometimes included in the scope of southern Europe?
southern France
What area of France is considered a part of Mediterranean Europe?
political, economic, and cultural attributes
What are three characteristics that can be employed to characterize southern Europe?
geography, climate, and flora
What are three aspects of the environment of southern Europe that can be used to distinguish the region?
The Mediterranean climate
What kind of climate is exemplary of southern Europe?
Western and Southern coastal regions
Which parts of Turkey are characterized by a Mediterranean climate?
vegetations and landscapes
What are two broad categories of similarity among countries which have a Mediterranean climate?
mountain ranges of Spain and Italy
Where do colder areas occur within southern Europe?
north coast of Spain
Where are more moist areas found in southern Europe?