answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
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About 10,000 years ago | When were late Paleolithic communities established along the lake shores? |
Evidence of human habitation | What has been found in caves near Vercors? |
to keep them dry | Why were houses built on piles? |
Standing stones | What have been found in Alpine areas of France and Italy? |
more than 5000 years old | How old are rock drawings in Valcamonica? |
a mummy of a neolithic body | Who was Otzi the Iceman? |
In 1991 | When was Otzi the Iceman found? |
the Similaun glacier | Where was Otzi the Iceman discovered? |
between 1000 to 1500 BC | When did Celtic tribes settle in Switzerland? |
the eastern regions | The Raetians lived in what region? |
the west | The Helvetii occupied which region? |
salt | What did the Celtic tribes mine? |
The Celts | Which were the most widespread of the mountain tribes? |
218 BC | When was the Second Punic War? |
Hannibal | Who was the Carthaginian general? |
roads | What did the Romans build along the mountain passes? |
Roman road markers | What can still be found on the mountain passes? |
The Roman expansion | What brought the defeat of the Allobrogi? |
in 121 BC | When were the Allobrogi defeated? |
58 BC | When did Julius Caesar overcome the Helvetii? |
Germanic tribes | What tribes settled much of the Alpine region? |
Romans | Who established Christianity in the region? |
feudalism | What did the Frankish expansion and the Bavarian expansion introduce? |
Castello del Buonconsiglio in Trento, Italy | What area still has intricate frescoes? |
Château de Chillon | What is preserved as an example of medieval architecture? |
power struggles | Much of the medieval period was a time of what? |
northern Italy | Where were the Visconti from? |
the House of Habsburg | What dynastie was from Austria and Slovenia? |
Switzerland | What Country was a well-established separate state by the 16th century? |
the Napoleonic Wars | What wars took place during the late 18th century and early 19th century? |
Napoleon | Who annexed territory formerly controlled by the Habsburgs and Savoys? |
1798 | When was the Helvetic Republic established? |
Switzerland | Where was the Helvetic Republic established? |
After the fall of Napoléon | When did many alpine countries develop heavy protection to prevent new invasion? |
Savoy | Who built a series of fortifications in the Maurienne valley? |
to protect the major alpine passes | Why were a series of fortifications in the Maurienne valley built? |
Napoléon Bonaparte | Who ordered the construction of a paved road? |
the monasteries built in the high Alps | What became tourist destinations during the 19th century? |
The Benedictines | Who built monasteries in Lucerne, Switzerland and Oberammergau? |
the Augustinians | Who had abbeys in the Savor and one in the center of Interlaken? |
the 9th or 10th centuries | When was the Great St. Bernard Hospice built? |
50,000 years | How old was the charcoal placed in the Drachloch cave? |
the high peaks were visited by prehistoric people | What does the finding of charcoal in Dragon's Hole prove? |
Seven bear skulls | What may have been buried by the same prehistoric people? |
Alpine passes | People blindfolded themselves to cross what? |
France | Where was Charles VII from? |
climb Mont Aiguille | What was Charles VII chamberlain ordered to do? |
a bronze triptych of three crosses | What did the knight leave at the summit of Rocciamelone? |
1492 | When did Antioine de Ville climb Mont Aiguille? |
18th century | When did four Chamonix men almost reach the summit of Mont Blanc? |
Conrad Gessner | Who was the first naturalist to ascend the mountains? |
Geneva | Where was Horace-Benedict de Saussure born? |
Saussure | Who was a member of the third ascent of Mont Blanc? |
Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Who was the first of many to present the Alps as a place of allure and beauty? |
Albrecht von Haller | Who wrote the poem Die Alpen? |
After the end of the Napoleonic Wars | When did the Alpine countries see an influx of poets, artists, and musicians? |
the sublime effects of monumental nature | What did the visitors come to experience in the Alpine countries? |
Geneva | Percy and Mary Shelley were inspired by what region's scenery? |
Mont Blanc | What poem did Shelley write during the visits to Geneva? |
the mid-19th century | When did scientists began to arrive en masse to study the geology and ecology of the Alpine region? |
Austrian | Where was Adolf Hitler born? |
the Alps | What did Adolf Hitler have a lifelong romantic fascination with? |
the Obersalzberg region | Where did Adolf Hitler establish a home in the 1930s? |
1923 | When was Adolf Hitlers first visit to the Alps? |
the Third Reich | By 1940 who occupied many of the Alpine countries? |
Austria | What country underwent a political coup that made it part of the Third Reich? |
Switzerland | What was the only country that avoided invasion from the Third Reich? |
The Swiss commanders | Who wired the infrastructure leading into Switzerland? |
Ski troops | Who were trained for the war? |
Italy | Where was the battle at Riva Ridge? |
Austria | Where was a substantial amount of Nazi plunder found at the end of the war? |
The salt mines surrounding the Altaussee area | Where did American troops find 75 kilos of gold coins? |
14 million | What is the population of the Alpine region? |
manufacturing and service jobs | What does the economy consist of on the rim of the mountains? |
Alpine culture | Farming and Forestry continue to be a mainstay of what? |
Alpine culture | Much of what has not changed since the medieval period? |
the medieval period | When were skills that guaranteed survival in the mountain valleys most important? |
carpentry | What is one of the strongest traditions in Alpine culture? |
Farming | What has been a traditional occupation for centuries? |
tourism | What made farming less dominant in the 20th century? |
because of the steep and rocky topography of the Alps | Why is pasture land limited? |
mid-June | When are cows moved to the highest pastures close to the snowline? |
Cheesemaking | What is an ancient tradition in most Alpine countries? |
up to 45 kg (100 lb) | How much can a wheel of cheese from the Emmental weigh? |
Haymaking | What is an important farming activity in mountain villages? |
twice | How many times is Hay normally brought each year? |
before Lent | When is Carnival celebrated? |
medieval designs that withstand cold winters | What do people in high villages build their homes according to? |
the stube | What is the area of the home heated by a stove called? |
the Bernese Oberland | The typic Swiss chalet originated from where? |
south or downhill | Which direction do Chalets often face? |
solid wood | What are Chalets built of? |
the stube | The food is passed from the kitchen to where? |
the stube | Where is the dining room table placed? |
carved wooden plates | Traditionally, what are meals served on? |
elaborately | How is furniture traditionally carved? |
Alpine rocks | What are roofs traditionally constructed from? |
the higher parts of the valleys | Where are chalets typically used for roof construction found?? |
40% | The inclination of the roof cannot exceed how much? |
19 | How many dialects have been identified in the Slavic Alps? |
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