answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
|---|---|
World War I | The formation of the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance partly caused what? |
1918 | By what year were three empires gone? |
1916 | What year was Arnold J toynbee becoming metaphysical about the Near East? |
Arnold J. Toynbee | Who was the Hegelesque historian of civilization? |
Geography alone was not a sufficient explanation of the terms | Arnold J Toynbee believed what? |
new nations | What was able to rise from the death of the Near East? |
the Republic of Turkey | What notable nation was able to rise from the ashes of the Near East? |
with the west | How did the Republic of Turkey align themselves? |
Mustafa Kemal | Who was the founder of the Republic of Turkey? |
Mustafa Kemal | Who was a former Ottoman high-ranking officer? |
the 19th century | When was the term middle east common as a noun and adjective? |
archaeology | The middle east was not common in diplomacy and what other context? |
Ptolemy's "India Beyond the Ganges." | Where did the "Far East" derive from? |
the eastern border of Iraq | Where did the Ottoman Empire end? |
because Old Persian cuneiform had been found there | Why did archaeologists count Iran as "The Near East"? |
in British and American diplomatic circles | Where did the use of the term Middle East as a region of international affairs begin? |
Persia | What was Iran known as to the west? |
1900 | When did Thomas Edward Gordon publish "The Problem of the Middle East"? |
The Problem of the Middle East | What article did Thomas Edward Gordon publish? |
Thomas Edward Gordon | The problem of the Middle East was published by who? |
resumption of work on a railway | What threat caused Gordon to publish his article? |
Gordon | Who was a diplomat and military officer? |
Gordon | Who had not used the term middle east previously in publications? |
Alfred Thayer Mahan | Who was a member of American diplomatic and military circles? |
the naval vulnerability of the trade routes | What was Alfred Thayer Mahan concerned about? |
1902 | When did Alfred Thayer Mahan comment on the trade routes? |
the sailor | Who did not connect with the soldier? |
the term Middle East | What did Mahan believe he was innovating? |
the term Middle East | What had already been there to be seen? |
the period following World War I | The Near East and the Middle East coexisted until what period? |
Bertram Lenox Simpson | Who was the colonial officer killed in China? |
Bertram Lenox Simpson | Who wrote the 1910 book 'The Conflict of Color'? |
Weale | What was Simpson's pen-name? |
color and colonial subjection | What is the basis of Simpson's unity? |
the 1920s | The great whites were appearing as late as what time? |
James Henry Breasted | In whose works were the great whites appearing? |
A red wavelength | What was mainly of interest in America? |
the brown men | These regions were occupied by who? |
the Far East | Where where the yellow? |
Africa | Where were the black? |
1963 | When did Kenya become independent? |
Kenya became independent | The color issue was not settled until when? |
the slavers | The Ottomans were portrayed as what? |
Charles George Gordon | Who is known as the saint of all British colonial officers? |
assignments living among the poor and donating his salary | What did Charles George Gordon spend his time between? |
as a junior officer in the Crimean War | When did he win Ottoman confidence? |
a high official in the Ottoman Empire | What did he become in his later career? |
a few years before World War I | When did the term "Near and Middle East" hold stage? |
The term "Near and Middle East," | What proved to be less acceptable to a colonial point of view? |
1916 | When did Captain T.C. Fowle write of a trip he had taken from Karachi to Syria? |
(troops of British India | Who were the 40th Pathans? |
"the Middle East. | In the book Fowle wrote, what is the entire region considered? |
"Middle East" | What prevailed with the disgrace of "Near East"? |
Near East | What continues in some circles at the discretion of the defining agency or academic department? |
Near East | What term was disgraced in diplomatic and military circles? |
sentiment of unity | What sentiment persists even though racial and colonial definitions of the Middle East are no longer ideologically sound? |
racial and colonial definitions | What definitions of the Middle East are no longer ideologically sound? |
no longer considered ideologically sound | What are racial and colonial definitions of the Middle East considered? |
the 20th century | When were terms such as "Near East", "Far East", and "Middle East" relegated to the experts? |
the new field of political science | Where did the new wave of diplomats often come from? |
the shadow of international relations | Where did archaeology on the international scene fall into? |
independent republics | What replaced the fallen empires of the 19th century? |
The United States | What is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East? |
the Near Eastern regional system | What has the state department been most influential in promulgating? |
The countries of the former empires of the 19th century | Who has abandoned the term Near East? |
the United States Department of State | The Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs is a division of what? |
The Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs | What is perhaps the most influential agency to still use the term Near East? |
statecraft | Secretary Clinton also calls the implementation of official diplomacy of the United States what? |
the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA) | Who works closely with the definition of the Near East? |
an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense | What is NESA? |
It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops | What does NESA Teach? |
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy | What is WINEP? |
the Middle East | What is WINEPS target countries as? |
under "North Africa." | How does WINEP bundle the countries of Northwest Africa? |
The Library of Congress | What does LoC stand for? |
an institution established by Congress to provide a research library for the government | What is the Library of Congress? |
the United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library | The Library of Congress is under whose supervision? |
The United Nations | Who formulates multiple regional divisions as is convenient for its various operations? |
UNICEF | Who recognizes the "Middle East and North Africa" region? |
the countries included elsewhere in the Middle East | The United Nations Statistics Division defines Western Asia to contain what? |
the Near East | The Food and Agriculture Organization describes its entire theater of operations as what? |
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) | What is a quasi-independent agency of the United States Government? |
multiple leadership | The CIA appears to have what? |
the president | Who appoints the director of the CIA? |
Congress | Who oversees the operations of the CIA? |
The World Factbook | The Near East of the NESA is the same as the Middle East define in what? |
Near Eastern and South Asian Analysis | What does NESA stand for? |
(NESA) | Whose duties are defined as "support on Middle Eastern and North African countries?" |
U.S. Agency for International Development | What does USAID stand for? |
USAID | What is the independant agency under the Department of State for the purpose of determining and distributing foreign aid called? |
the term Near East | What term does USAID not use? |
a Middle East and North Africa region | The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognizes what? |
Near East | What region does the Foreign and Commonwealth office of United Kingdom not recognize? |
Their original Middle East | What consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea? |
"bilateral relationships" | What does the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Greece conduct? |
Near East | The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey does not use what term? |
Republic of Turkey | The Middle East, the Balkans and others are included in what republic? |
The Ancient Near East | What is a term of the 20th centrury intended to stabilize the geographical application of Near East to ancient history? |
the Ancient Near East | The ancient nations, people and languages of the enhanced Fertile Crescent will always refer to what? |
Fertile Crescent | What is the sweep of land from the Nile Valley through Anatolia called? |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.