dangermouse77/FromAnswerToQuestion-SQuADplusTriviaQA

answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀	question stringlengths 1 25.7k
1313–14	Along with 1317–21, what span saw extreme rains in Europe?
14th	In what century did the European average annual temperature decrease?
1347	When did the Black Death start?
35	How many million people died from the Black Death?
the jacquerie	What popular uprising occurred in France during this period?
the Peasants' Revolt	What English popular revolt took place during this period?
Florence	What Italian city experienced a popular revolt?
50	By the end of this period, about what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?
90	At serfdom's greatest extent, what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?
Eastern	In what part of Europe did serfdom increase in this period?
cash rents	Instead of work, how did most Western European peasants pay their landlords in this period?
chivalry	What noble interest did city-dwellers start to mimic in this period?
1290	In what year were the Jews expelled from England?
1306	What year saw the expulsion of the French Jewish community?
Poland	Along with Hungary, where did many expelled French Jews relocate to?
1492	In what year were Jews kicked out of Spain?
Holland	Along with Turkey, France and Italy, where did expelled Spanish Jews travel to?
Portugal	Along with Aragon and Castile, what Christian kingdom was present on the Iberian Peninsula?
Paying for the wars	Why did kings increase the tax rate during this period?
Parliament	What English representative body provided consent for royal taxation?
Estates General	What French body was similar in purpose to the English Parliament?
the peasantry	What social class was harmed by the lengthy wars of this era?
1337	When did the Hundred Years' War begin?
the Black Prince	What was the nickname of Edward III's son Edward?
1327	When did the reign of Edward III begin?
Crécy	Along with Poitiers, what was the site of a notable victory by Edward III's England over the French?
1420s	What decade saw the victories of Joan of Arc?
Bohemia	Along with Poland and Hungary, what Eastern European state grew in power?
15th	During what century did Portugal devote itself to overseas expansion?
England	What nation lost the Hundred Years' War?
Henry VII	What was the regnal name of Henry Tudor?
Norway	Along with Denmark and Sweden, what country was part of the Union of Kalmar?
Palaeologi	Emperors from what dynasty recaptured Constantinople in 1261?
Venice	Along with the Second Bulgarian Empire and the Kingdom of Serbia, what polity controlled the former Byzantine Balkan lands?
Ottomans	What tribe of Turks emerged in 13th century Anatolia?
1366	In what year did Bulgaria become a vassal of the Ottomans?
Serbia	Who was defeated at the Battle of Kosovo?
1305–78	During what years did the Avignon Papacy occur?
Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy	What is another term for the Avignon Papacy?
1418	When did the Great Schism end?
two	How many popes existed simultaneously after the Council of Constance?
Martin V	Who was made pope in 1417?
English	Of what nationality was John Wycliffe?
1415	In what year was Wycliffe declared a heretic?
the laity	Who did Wycliffe believe should read the Bible?
Hussitism	What Bohemian movement was influenced by Wycliffe?
burned at the stake	How did Jan Hus die?
the clergy	In the Late Middle Ages, who was allowed to drink wine at Mass?
1471	When did Thomas à Kempis die?
1484	In what year did the Church condemn witches?
1486	In what year was the Malleus Maleficarum published?
handbook for witch-hunters	What was the Malleus Maleficarum?
scholasticism	What school of thought was Duns Scotus opposed to?
customary law	Before Roman law, what were areas of jurisprudence traditionally decided by?
England	What country did not see the increasing influence of Roman law?
Lithuania	Along with Castile and Poland, what country developed a law code in the Later Middle Ages?
universals	What Platonic idea lost influence as a result of the work of Ockham and Duns Scotus?
training of future clergy	What was the main purpose of education in this period?
grammar	Along with rhetoric and logic, what constituted the trivium?
ten	About what percentage of European men were literate in 1500?
one	In 1500, approximately what percent of European women could read?
a village priest	Along with their family, who typically taught a child letters and numbers?
Petrarch	Along with Dante and Boccaccio, who was a notable Italian author of the 14th century?
1400	When did Chaucer die?
Christine de Pizan	Who was a notable female French author of this period?
Latin	In what language was most religious literature of this period written?
Meister Eckhart	Along with Johannes Tauler, who was a prominent German mystic of this period?
Portugal	Explorers in the employ of what nation discovered the Azores?
Prince Henry the Navigator	What leader sponsored the expedition that discovered Cape Verde?
Vasco da Gama	What Portuguese explorer visited India in 1498?
the Americas	What did Christopher Columbus discover in 1492?
Henry VII	What English monarch financed John Cabot?
infantry	Along with light cavalry, what military arm was used with increasing frequency in the Late Middle Ages?
longbowmen	What troops were uniquely successful in English service?
the increasing power of crossbows	What influenced the increasing development of armor?
pikes	What weapons were notably employed by the Swiss infantry?
hand-held guns	Along with crossbows, what was plate armor designed to defend against?
the traditional distaff	What was replaced by the spinning wheel?
buttons	What invention replaced laces on clothing?
the tower mill	What new type of windmill was invented in this period?
Sweden	In what country did the blast furnace first appear?
Venice	Where did patent law originate?
1400	Around what year did the International Gothic style flourish?
the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry	What is a notable masterpiece of the International Gothic style?
Early Renaissance	Along with the Trecento, what period occurred in Italy during the Late Middle Ages?
Mudéjar potters	Who produced most of the Hispano-Moresque pottery?
the Royal Gold Cup	What is a notable piece of surviving Late Middle Age royal plate?
Giovanni Pisano	Who carved the Pulpit in Sant'Andrea?
Painted	Along with being carved, how were altarpieces often decorated in this period?
1464	When did Rogier van der Weyden die?
Netherlandish	Of what nationality was Jan van Eyck?
works printed before 1500	What does incunabula refer to?
Enlightenment	Along with the Renaissance, during what period were the Middle Ages disparaged?
the Classical world	What era did Renaissance scholars negatively compare the Middle Ages to?
as a time of ignorance and superstition	How did scholars of the Enlightenment see the Middle Ages?
faith	What did Enlightenment scholars consider to be inferior to reason?
Science	What is Edward Grant a historian of?
David Lindberg	Who argued that scholars in the Middle Ages were rarely coerced by the Church?
18th	According to Grant, the medieval use of reason was the forerunner the revolutionary rationalism of what century?
19th	During what century was it first proposed that people in the Middle Ages thought the Earth was flat?

1313–14

Along with 1317–21, what span saw extreme rains in Europe?

14th

In what century did the European average annual temperature decrease?

1347

When did the Black Death start?

35

How many million people died from the Black Death?

the jacquerie

What popular uprising occurred in France during this period?

the Peasants' Revolt

What English popular revolt took place during this period?

Florence

What Italian city experienced a popular revolt?

50

By the end of this period, about what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?

90

At serfdom's greatest extent, what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?

Eastern

In what part of Europe did serfdom increase in this period?

cash rents

Instead of work, how did most Western European peasants pay their landlords in this period?

chivalry

What noble interest did city-dwellers start to mimic in this period?

1290

In what year were the Jews expelled from England?

1306

What year saw the expulsion of the French Jewish community?

Poland

Along with Hungary, where did many expelled French Jews relocate to?

1492

In what year were Jews kicked out of Spain?

Holland

Along with Turkey, France and Italy, where did expelled Spanish Jews travel to?

Portugal

Along with Aragon and Castile, what Christian kingdom was present on the Iberian Peninsula?

Paying for the wars

Why did kings increase the tax rate during this period?

Parliament

What English representative body provided consent for royal taxation?

Estates General

What French body was similar in purpose to the English Parliament?

the peasantry

What social class was harmed by the lengthy wars of this era?

1337

When did the Hundred Years' War begin?

the Black Prince

What was the nickname of Edward III's son Edward?

1327

When did the reign of Edward III begin?

Crécy

Along with Poitiers, what was the site of a notable victory by Edward III's England over the French?

1420s

What decade saw the victories of Joan of Arc?

Bohemia

Along with Poland and Hungary, what Eastern European state grew in power?

15th

During what century did Portugal devote itself to overseas expansion?

England

What nation lost the Hundred Years' War?

Henry VII

What was the regnal name of Henry Tudor?

Norway

Along with Denmark and Sweden, what country was part of the Union of Kalmar?

Palaeologi

Emperors from what dynasty recaptured Constantinople in 1261?

Venice

Along with the Second Bulgarian Empire and the Kingdom of Serbia, what polity controlled the former Byzantine Balkan lands?

Ottomans

What tribe of Turks emerged in 13th century Anatolia?

1366

In what year did Bulgaria become a vassal of the Ottomans?

Serbia

Who was defeated at the Battle of Kosovo?

1305–78

During what years did the Avignon Papacy occur?

Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy

What is another term for the Avignon Papacy?

1418

When did the Great Schism end?

two

How many popes existed simultaneously after the Council of Constance?

Martin V

Who was made pope in 1417?

English

Of what nationality was John Wycliffe?

1415

In what year was Wycliffe declared a heretic?

the laity

Who did Wycliffe believe should read the Bible?

Hussitism

What Bohemian movement was influenced by Wycliffe?

burned at the stake

How did Jan Hus die?

the clergy

In the Late Middle Ages, who was allowed to drink wine at Mass?

1471

When did Thomas à Kempis die?

1484

In what year did the Church condemn witches?

1486

In what year was the Malleus Maleficarum published?

handbook for witch-hunters

What was the Malleus Maleficarum?

scholasticism

What school of thought was Duns Scotus opposed to?

customary law

Before Roman law, what were areas of jurisprudence traditionally decided by?

England

What country did not see the increasing influence of Roman law?

Lithuania

Along with Castile and Poland, what country developed a law code in the Later Middle Ages?

universals

What Platonic idea lost influence as a result of the work of Ockham and Duns Scotus?

training of future clergy

What was the main purpose of education in this period?

grammar

Along with rhetoric and logic, what constituted the trivium?

ten

About what percentage of European men were literate in 1500?

one

In 1500, approximately what percent of European women could read?

a village priest

Along with their family, who typically taught a child letters and numbers?

Petrarch

Along with Dante and Boccaccio, who was a notable Italian author of the 14th century?

1400

When did Chaucer die?

Christine de Pizan

Who was a notable female French author of this period?

Latin

In what language was most religious literature of this period written?

Meister Eckhart

Along with Johannes Tauler, who was a prominent German mystic of this period?

Portugal

Explorers in the employ of what nation discovered the Azores?

Prince Henry the Navigator

What leader sponsored the expedition that discovered Cape Verde?

Vasco da Gama

What Portuguese explorer visited India in 1498?

the Americas

What did Christopher Columbus discover in 1492?

Henry VII

What English monarch financed John Cabot?

infantry

Along with light cavalry, what military arm was used with increasing frequency in the Late Middle Ages?

longbowmen

What troops were uniquely successful in English service?

the increasing power of crossbows

What influenced the increasing development of armor?

pikes

What weapons were notably employed by the Swiss infantry?

hand-held guns

Along with crossbows, what was plate armor designed to defend against?

the traditional distaff

What was replaced by the spinning wheel?

buttons

What invention replaced laces on clothing?

the tower mill

What new type of windmill was invented in this period?

Sweden

In what country did the blast furnace first appear?

Venice

Where did patent law originate?

1400

Around what year did the International Gothic style flourish?

the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

What is a notable masterpiece of the International Gothic style?

Early Renaissance

Along with the Trecento, what period occurred in Italy during the Late Middle Ages?

Mudéjar potters

Who produced most of the Hispano-Moresque pottery?

the Royal Gold Cup

What is a notable piece of surviving Late Middle Age royal plate?

Giovanni Pisano

Who carved the Pulpit in Sant'Andrea?

Painted

Along with being carved, how were altarpieces often decorated in this period?

1464

When did Rogier van der Weyden die?

Netherlandish

Of what nationality was Jan van Eyck?

works printed before 1500

What does incunabula refer to?

Enlightenment

Along with the Renaissance, during what period were the Middle Ages disparaged?

the Classical world

What era did Renaissance scholars negatively compare the Middle Ages to?

as a time of ignorance and superstition

How did scholars of the Enlightenment see the Middle Ages?

faith

What did Enlightenment scholars consider to be inferior to reason?

Science

What is Edward Grant a historian of?

David Lindberg

Who argued that scholars in the Middle Ages were rarely coerced by the Church?

18th

According to Grant, the medieval use of reason was the forerunner the revolutionary rationalism of what century?

19th

During what century was it first proposed that people in the Middle Ages thought the Earth was flat?