answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
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integrated circuits | Computers in today's age are based on what that make them much faster than earlier computers? |
millions to billions of times | How much more powerful are modern computers versus early computers? |
1613 | When was the first known use of the word "computer"? |
The Yong Mans Gleanings | In which book, was the term "computer" first used? |
Richard Braithwait | Who was the author of the book, The Yong Mans Gleanings? |
19th century | From the end of what century, did the word "computer" take its well known meaning of today? |
a form of tally stick | The earliest device to help count was what? |
(clay spheres, cones, etc.) | Calculi during the Fertile Crescent refers to what? |
arithmetic tasks | What was the abacus first used for? |
2400 BC | When was the Roman abacus first used? |
Babylonia | Where was the Roman abacus first used? |
a checkered cloth | In medieval Europe was was placed on a table to help count money? |
sums of money | A checkered cloth on a table was used in medieval Europe to help count what? |
The Antikythera mechanism | What is thought to be the first mechanical analog computer? |
1901 | When was the Antikythera mechanism discovered? |
Antikythera wreck off the Greek island of Antikythera | Where was the Antikythera mechanism found in 1901? |
Kythera and Crete | Where is the Greek Island of Antikythera located between? |
Derek J. de Solla Price. | The Antikythera mechanism was thought to be the first computer according to whom? |
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī | Who invented the planisphere? |
Hipparchus | Who is thought to have invented the astrolabe in history? |
the planisphere and dioptra | The astrolabe was a combination of what two devices in history? |
1235 | The first astrolabe with gear-wheels was invented when? |
Persia | The first astrolabe with a mechanical calendar was invented where? |
16th century | The sector, a calculating instrument, was invented during what century? |
1620–1630 | When was the slide rule first invented? |
doing multiplication and division. | What is the slide rule used for? |
Aviation | What industry are slide rules still used today? |
a Swiss watchmaker | What was the profession of Pierre Jaquet-Droz? |
In the 1770s | When did Pierre Jaquet-Droz build a mechanical doll that could hold a pen? |
Musée d'Art et d'Histoire | Where is the doll Pierre Jaquet-Droz built today? |
Neuchâtel, Switzerland | Where is the Musee d-Art et d'Histoire located? |
1872 | When was the tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson invented? |
Sir William Thomson | Who invented the first tide-predicting machine in 1872? |
system of pulleys and wires | What did Sir William Thomson's tide-predicting machine use to function? |
wheel-and-disc | What type of mechanisms did the differential analyzer use? |
Lord Kelvin | In 1876 who lobbied for the construction of the differential analyzers? |
1920s | During what decade were mechanical differential analyzers developed? |
Vannevar Bush | In the 1920s, who was the person who developed mechanical differential analyzers? |
Charles Babbage | Who invented the concept of a programmable computer? |
Charles Babbage | Who is considered the "father of the computer"? |
early 19th century | During what century was the first mechanical computer invented by Charles Babbage? |
1833 | What year did Charles Babbage find out that An Analytical Engine was possible? |
Henry Babbage | Who was Charles Babbage's son? |
Henry Babbage | Who created a simple version of the analytical engine's computing unit? |
1888 | When was the mill created by Henry Babbage? |
1906 | When was a demonstration by Henry Babbage of the mill given? |
Sir William Thomson | Who invented the first analog computer in the form of a tide-predicting machine? |
1872 | When was the first analog computer in the form of a tide-predicting machine created? |
James Thomson | Who created the idea of the differential analyzer in 1876? |
Lord Kelvin | James Thomson was the brother of what famous figure? |
MIT | Where was the differential analyzer built by H.L. Hazen? |
1927 | The differential analyzer by H.L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush was first being built in what year? |
H. W. Nieman | The torque amplifiers of the differential analyzer were created by whom? |
50s | By what decade were analog computing devices rendered obsolete? |
education (control systems) and aircraft (slide rule). | Analog computers remain in use in what industries? |
Alan Turing | Who wrote the paper "On Computable Numbers"? |
1936 | When did Alan Turing write the paper, "On Computable Numbers"? |
Kurt Gödel | Who did Turing revise the results on the limits of proof and computation in 1931? |
Universal Turing machine | A Universal Machine is known as what today? |
the United States Navy | What part of the US military developed an electromechanical analog computer to use on a submarine? |
1938 | When did the US Navy invent an electromechanical computer to use on a submarine? |
trigonometry | What type of math did the Torpedo Data computer use to fire a torpedo at a moving target? |
Konrad Zuse | Who created the relay computer, the Z2? |
1939 | When did Konrad Zuse invent the Z2? |
The Z2 | What is one of the first electromechanical relay computers? |
German | Konrad Zuse was an engineer with what nationality? |
1941 | When did Konrad Zuse create the Z3 computer? |
the Z3 | What was the first automatic, digital, programmable computer created by Konrad Zuse? |
2000 | How many relays did the Z3 contain? |
about 5–10 Hz | What did the Z3 operate for a clock frequency? |
64 | How many words of memory could be stored with the Z3? |
Post Office Research Station | Where did the engineer Tommy Flowers work at during the 1930s? |
London | In what city did Tommy Flowers work in the 1930s? |
1942 | The Atanasoff-Berry computer was invented in what year? |
about 300 | How many vacuum tubes did the Atanasoff-Berry computer use? |
Iowa State University | At what school did John Vincent Atansoff and Clifford E. Berry work? |
Flowers | Who built the first Colossus in 1943? |
18 January 1944 | When was the Colossus sent to Bletchley Park? |
, the British | Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II? |
Bletchley Park | Where did the British crack secret German military communications during World War II? |
Colossus | What was the first electronic digital programmable computer in the world? |
1500 thermionic valves (tubes) | How many vacuum tubes did the Colossus Mark I contain? |
2400 | How many tubes did Colossus Mark II contain? |
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) | The US-buils ENIAC stands for what? |
ENIAC | What was the first electronic programmable computer built in the United States? |
5000 | How many times could it add or subtract a second? |
ENIAC | What was the limit of its high speed memory? |
John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert | ENIAC was constructed by whom? |
University of Pennsylvania | Where did John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert build the ENIAC? |
1945 | When was ENIAC fully operational? |
Alan Turing | The basis for the stored-program computer was written by whom? |
1936 | When did Alan Turing write his paper about the basis for the stored-program computer? |
1945 | When did Alan Turing join the National Physical Laboratory? |
1945. | The first outline for the report on the EDVAC was released by John von Neumann when? |
University of Pennsylvania | Where did John von Neumann circulate the first draft of a report on the EDVAC? |
Baby | What was the nickname of the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine? |
The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine | What was the first stored-program computer in the world? |
Victoria University of Manchester | Where was the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine built? |
Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill | Who built the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine? |
21 June 1948 | When did the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine run its first program? |
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