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cc-by | The method exploits the information contained in the correlation between responses to produce highly accurate estimates of both quantal and dynamic parameters from the same recordings. The method also provides important conceptual and technical advances over existing state-of-the-art techniques. In particular, the repe... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | (23) with I(y) given by: I(y) ϭ y Ϫ 3 2 •exp ͭ Ϫ q•͓y Ϫ q•(S k Ϫ Ϫ S k ϩ )͔ 2 2 q 2 y Ϫ (R k Ϫ y) 2 2 n 2 ͮ. (24) Re-estimation formulas have to be evaluated numerically. The EM algorithm was implemented in Cϩϩ. For multidimensional root finding, we used the Brent-Dekker algorithm and a derivative-free version of Powel... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | In the bottom panel of Figure 3B , we report the experimental (black curve) and the synthetic CVs (red curve; error bars represent 95% confidence interval). The model parameters were not selected to reproduce the average responses or the CVs, but rather to maximize the probability of the occurrence of the actual train... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | For sets of responses generated by the model, one expects z out to be uniformly distributed between 0 and 1. The distribution of the average (over all trials) z out value across the dataset is shown in Figure 3D. As can be seen, most of the values are between 0. 4 and 0. 5. For only 5 of 63 connections, the distributi... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | Quantifying the uncertainty of the parameter estimates We used a standard re-sampling procedure (i. e. , parametric bootstrap; Efron and Tibshirani, 1994) to quantify the uncertainty of the parameter estimates. For each set of parameters obtained from a synaptic connection in our dataset, we generated 500 synthetic e... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | 3. This shows that, at least for this con-nection, our method returns unbiased and accurate estimates of the parameters. We see in Figure 4B , where we plot the SD versus the bias of the relative error for each parameter and each connection, that this is, in fact, the case for the majority of connections in our datase... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | Generality and robustness of the method In this study, we have chosen the stochastic TM model as the underlying generative model (Fuhrmann et al. , 2002). Several considerations motivated this choice: (1) the TM model has a small number of free parameters and yet is able to describe very diverse patterns of transmissi... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | , 2000) or the presence of multiple vesicle pools (Rizzoli and Betz, 2005). Also, we emphasize that our method is not restricted to electrophysiological recordings and could be adapted to optical recordings (Yuste et al. , 1999; Oertner et al. , 2002; Trigo et al. , 2012). The frequencies used to probe synaptic tran... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | Hallermann et al. (2010a,b) adopted a similar approach to compare the explanatory power of different models of repetitive transmission on the same dataset. Loebel et al. (2009) devised a somehow reversed procedure where, in a first step, least-squares fitting returns an estimate of the dynamic parameters, and of the ... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | Likelihood (once properly corrected for the differing number of free parameters) constitutes a theoretically principled metric to compare both the descriptive and predictive powers of different models over the same benchmark datasets. Our method, thus, paves the way to factorial testing of models of synaptic transmissi... | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | E, Distribution over the dataset of the average coefficients of variation of the estimates obtained in the leave-one-out procedure. | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | E, Distribution over the dataset of the average coefficients of variation of the estimates obtained in the leave-one-out procedure. | 10.1523/eneuro.0113-15.2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Neuroscience | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
cc-by | In particular, the Pam-Form™ code [5] based on an explicit F. E. M. approach and the AniForm™ code [18] based on an implicit approach. Recent papers analyze the thermoforming processes of thermoplastic prepregs. In [21] the influence of the different process parameters was experimentally evaluated. The process si... | 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.166 | article | en | 2,015 | false | true | false | false | Engineering | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
cc-by | Application to the analyzed thermoplastic prepreg The non-deformed mesoscopic structure was determined using Xray micro-computed tomography (μCT) (Fig. 5a ) [31, 32]. Then the geometric is modeled using the TexGen software developed at the University of Nottingham as a modeling pre-processor for textiles [33]. The lo... | 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.166 | article | en | 2,015 | false | true | false | false | Engineering | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
cc-by | Numerical simulations and comparison with experimental process The constitutive model described above has been implemented in the finite element code Plasfib [53] based on an explicit dynamic approach. The blank is discretized by triangular shell elements without rotational degrees of freedom. The curvatures of the e... | 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.166 | article | en | 2,015 | false | true | false | false | Engineering | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments The work was made within the framework of the FUI project Composite Cab. The authors wish to thank the Rhône-Alpes region for funding this work. The authors also thank collaborations with Plastic Omnium, Solvay and Volvo. | 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.166 | article | en | 2,015 | false | false | true | false | Engineering | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements We would like to thank Dr Satoshi Kawada , Dr Hirohito Ohata and the Material Analysis Station (NIMS) for ICP and XPS measurements. This work was supported by the International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS) , the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the World Premier I... | 10.1039/c6ta03311c | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Chemistry | https://openalex.org/fields/16 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We acknowledge the funding through the SMARTCANCERSENS project ( FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES) under the grant agreement No. 31805 , the SEA-on-a- CHIP project ( FP7-KBBE ) under the reference 614168 , the NATO project, SPS ( NUKP. SFPP984173 ) and the HEARTEN under the grant agreement No. 643694. | 10.1016/j.snb.2016.03.166 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Background: Microorganisms constitute a reservoir of enzymes involved in environmental carbon cycling and degradation of plant polysaccharides through their production of a vast variety of Glycoside Hydrolases (GH). The CAZyChip was developed to allow a rapid characterization at transcriptomic level of these GHs and to... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Background: Microorganisms constitute a reservoir of enzymes involved in environmental carbon cycling and degradation of plant polysaccharides through their production of a vast variety of Glycoside Hydrolases (GH). The CAZyChip was developed to allow a rapid characterization at transcriptomic level of these GHs and to... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | GHs have been used in many industries such as in paper production, textiles, detergents, feed and food [4, 33] as well as to promote healthy human nutrition and prevent diseases [17]. In the last decade, cellulases and more recently hemicellulases have been considered for biorefining [23, 30]. The discovery of GHs ... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | GH-are classified in 135 families and represent approximately 47 % of the entire database. (April 2016) [7]. The vast majority of currently known GH are from bacterial origin. DNA microarrays are widely used to profile gene expression and represent a relevant tool to study expression of key enzymes and monitor physiol... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | The biochip gives an opportunity to highlight enzyme cooperation along with the plant biomass degradation pathway. The present study demonstrates that the CazyChip represents a unique, robust and yet generic tool to dynamically analyze the expression of a large variety of GHs in parallel. The current version of this bi... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Custom microarray design The design of oligonucleotides for the microarray was performed using either the Agilent e-Array online portal (https://earray. chem. agilent. com/earray/) or, when sequences were rejected by eArray, the ROSO software [16, 52]. When the design of 60-mers were impossible, a 40-mer or a pair of ... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | These different scores were, from the best to the worst: BC_1, BC_2, BC_3, BC_4 and BC_Poor. A total of 180,000 probes, including 4848 Agilent internal positive or negative control probes, were selected and synthesized in situ, on a glass slide using Agilent SurePrint technology to obtain a high-density DNA microarray ... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Availability of materials section The GH gene sequences used in this study were deposited under the GenBank accession number: TxAbf CAA76421; THSAbf ABZ10760; CfXyn AEA30147; TM1225 AAD 36300. | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | After washing, the arrays were immediately scanned using an MS200 scanner (NimbleGen Roche Diagnostics, Meylan, France) with NimbleGen MS200 software v1. 2 at 2 micron resolution. | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Data processing The median signal of each spot in the hybridized arrays were determined and quantified using Feature Extraction software v11. 5. 1. 1. The data from all the microarrays were normalized using the "limma" package function "normalizeQuantiles" and the "quantile" method [5, 56]. Normalization and statistic... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Probe design To design a generic microarray for the high-throughput detection of bacterial CAZymes mainly composed of GH's, all of the bacterial GH protein sequences referenced in the CAZy database (www. cazy. org) up to January 2015 (133 families), were selected and their nucleotide sequences downloaded from the Natio... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | This score reflects several criteria including the predicted hybridization quality, GC content and steric hindrances (Additional file 2: Table S2 ). A total of 56 % of probes displayed a BC_score of BC_1, 22 % of BC_2 reflecting the highest quality of predicted hybridization and a stable and consistent duplex with the... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | The color intensity indicates the degree of variation in expression the middle of the phase 2 (day 5), where enzymatic activities were high (Fig. 3 ). A limma t test revealed that 2567 GHs were expressed in the two time points: day 3 and day 5 (Additional file 6: Table S4 ). Both samples displayed a common group of 25... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Hum15 Human feces Xylanase CE15-GH8, CE6-GH95, GH10, GH115, GH31, GH43 (1) , GH43 (2) , GH43-CE1, GH97 Rum14O19 Cow rumen Mannanase GH26, GH28, GH63, GH43, GH4 Rum33M21 Cow rumen β-glucanase GH5, GH42 Bold data correspond to GHs detected with the cazychip of plant cell wall polysaccharide degradation. While focusing on... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Discussion DNA microarray is one of the most popular technologies for gene expression profiling used in the past 15 years [28, 42, 46, 50, 68]. In this study we presented the development and the validation of the microarray CAZyChip dedicated to analyze the bacterial glycoside hydrolase expression. This is the first h... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Functional metagenomic has been proven to be useful tool to achieve this screening of GH's activities (see review [27, 58] ). However, like any screening related technology they face the paradigm "you get what you screened for". In this context, the CAZyChip allows the observation of the enzymatic arsenal developed by... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements and funding This work was supported by the IDEX Transversality program from Toulouse University (grant number: 2014-628 ) and by the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA , ' Meta-omics of Microbial Ecosystems ' research program, and AIP Biotechnology 2011 ). A. Abot, was fun... | 10.1186/s12864-016-2988-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements We acknowledge financial support from the EPSRC (via Platform Grant EP/ I01912X/1 ) and thank C. Johnson for many helpful discussions. The research data supporting this publication are available in the supplementary material at https://doi. org/10. 1017/jfm. 2016. 792. | 10.1017/jfm.2016.792 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Engineering | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
cc-by | Constraining the past response of marine terminating ice streams during episodes of deglaciation provides important insights into potential future changes due to climate change. This paper presents new 36 Cl cosmic ray exposure dating from boulders located on two moraines (Glen Brittle and Loch Scavaig) in southern Sky... | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.028 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | , 2000; Dowdeswell et al. , 2014; Svendsen et al. , 2015). Of the Pleistocene ice sheets, the British-Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS) provides a useful analogue. Its western margin was marine terminating while its position next to a major surficial artery of the Atlantic Meridionial Overturning Circulation (AMOC) rendered it po... | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.028 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | In northwest Scotland a regional scale readvance, the Wester Ross readvance has been delimited from a suite of onshore moraines and dated with 10 Be exposure ages to ~ 16 ka (Robinson and Ballantyne, 1979; Bradwell et al. , 2008; Ballantyne et al. , 2009). However to date, this readvance has not been identified south ... | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.028 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Bathymetry To constrain deglaciation of the BDIS we confirmed the presence of ice margin positions in southern Skye from onshore fieldwork in Glen Brittle and a bathymetric survey of Loch Scavaig. This study used a SEA SwathPlus High Frequency System with a central frequency of 468 kHz and a ping rate of up to 30 pings... | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.028 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Deglaciation of the BDIS The deposition age of the Glen Brittle moraine provides a constraint on final deglaciation of the BDIS as its morphology and lithology demonstrates deposition by valley glaciers fed from the locally nourished SID. As such, it would not be possible to form moraines in Glen Brittle until BDIS deg... | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.028 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements We thank Joe Licciardi for laboratory access at the University of New Hampshire, USA and preparation of 36 Cl targets. The French national AMS facility ASTER (CEREGE, Aix en Provence) is supported by the INSU/CNRS , the ANR through the "Projets thématiques d'excellence" program for the "Equip... | 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.028 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | We also applied single spectrum analysis (SSA), which applies an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to the autovariance matrix on the chronologies. Here we undertook a Monte Carlo significance test (95 % significance), using a window of 9, a Burg covariance, and eight components. Both analyses used the softwa... | 10.5194/cp-12-1-2016 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | While the data set from Palm2 does not have the resolution of the other records, a similar trend with pervasive lower salinities (stronger westerly winds) is recorded between 2000 and 1000 cal. years BP (Fig. 7e ). Whilst the change in the trend may be interpreted as reflecting either a change in the latitude and/or st... | 10.5194/cp-12-1-2016 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Existing studies have revealed contradictory results, highlighting either normative functioning [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] or a high proportion of psychiatric comorbidity [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]. These discrepancies may the result of the following methodological differences. First, the studies included h... | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | Data collection The following data were collected. 1. Sociodemographic information: medical files and interviews were used to report gender identity (male-to-female MtF/female-to-male FtM), age (younger: < median age; older: ≥ median age), hormonal therapy (the patients were categorized into the hormonal therapy group ... | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | Statistical analysis. The MMPI-2 data were analysed using both means and standard deviations (T-scores) and the proportions of individuals with a score higher than 65 according to the MMPI-2 manual. Comparisons between sex reassignment surgery eligible and non-eligible patients were performed for biological sex, age, h... | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | For each individual, the number of scales (excluding the Masculinity/Femininity scale which reflects gender dysphoria) on which he or she scored in the clinical range was calculated. To determine potential variables of interest linked to the MMPI-2 scores (biological sex, age group, hormonal therapy status, onset age, ... | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | Some authors have suggested that the MMPI scores of transsexual individuals should be interpreted using the normative data for the subject's gender identity 5, 28, 36. The Masculinity/Femininity scale scored for the biological sex is frequently abnormal but becomes normal when it is scored for the desired sex. The Mas... | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | It is now well established that, by inducing external physical modifications, regular hormone treatments produce a change in the gender role, greater self-confidence, greater comfort with others, and better social skills, and they reinforce gender affirmation through social recognition 44, 49, 50. This finding is in l... | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements This work was supported by institutional grants from the French 2004 Programme Hospitalier Recherche Clinique , and the sponsor was represented by Assistance Publique , Hôpitaux de Marseille. We are grateful to all the subjects for their participation in the study. | 10.1038/srep24281 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Psychology | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
cc-by | Author Summary Schools, offices, hospitals play an important role in the spreading of epidemics. Information about interactions between individuals in such contexts can help understand the patterns of transmission and design ad hoc immunization strategies. Data about contacts can be collected through various techniques... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Measuring directly such networks represents an important challenge [20]. Many studies have relied on contact diaries or surveys [10, 12, [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] , while technological advances have led to a strong increase in the use of wearable sensors in the recent years [9, 13-15, 17-20, ... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Interestingly, and despite the much lower number of nodes and links in contact networks inferred from contact diaries, the overall structure of these networks is very similar to the one obtained from wearable sensors. Moreover, the links with largest weights (as measured by sensors), which might play a major role in pr... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | We first compare the outcomes of spreading simulations performed using data coming from wearable sensors and from contact diaries that describe the contacts between students in the same context (a high school) and on the same day. Although the two networks are supposed to describe the same reality, we observe important... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Data description We use two datasets collected in a French high-school in 2013 and made publicly available in [21]. The data describe face-to-face contacts between students of 9 classes as collected by (i) the SocioPatterns infrastructure [38] based on wearable sensors, during one week and (ii) selfreported contact ... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | e. , of the fraction of individuals in the Recovered category at the end of the process), obtained by repeating the simulations with randomly chosen seeds. Note that, since we consider static networks, only the ratio β/μ is relevant, and multiplying both by a certain factor only changes the timescale on which the epide... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | In the same spirit as [40] , we start from the available dataset and extend it by adding the missing nodes to the contact network, as well as surrogate links. We build these surrogate networks using only information known in the CDN m. We note that we do not try to infer the true missing links but to build a "plausibl... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | In order to build CDN s nz;S , we have used in step (iii) the distribution of aggregate contact durations measured by the sensors. We however need to consider the possibility that only diaries have been collected in a given setting, so that such a distribution is not available. To this aim, we take advantage of the rob... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | All these data have been collected by the SocioPatterns collaboration [38] , except for the case of the American primary school, in which a different infrastructure was used [35]. For all these datasets, the distributions of cumulated contact durations are broad and, as also discussed in [44] , can be modeled by neg... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Here on the other hand, the available dataset is given by diaries, in which population sampling is not uniform (actually, the students who filled in diaries tend to have more contacts than the others) and in which under-reporting implies that many links between participating individuals are also missing. Moreover, we f... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | In order to get rid of this condition, we argue that this list comes from a distribution that has been shown in previous works to be very robust across contexts [9]. We therefore consider weights taken at random from a pool of publicly available datasets, and show that using these weights gives also satisfactory resul... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Third, we have considered here static networks. As discussed in [39] , the outcome of simulations is then close enough to the one of simulations taking into account the full contact dynamics if we consider slow enough processes. For fast processes, the burstiness of contacts becomes very relevant; in this case, it wou... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Data description The datasets we use have been presented and made publicly available in [21]. They correspond to contacts between students of 9 classes in a high school in France, collected through wearable sensors on the one hand and contact diaries on the other hand. The sensors registered contacts with a temporal r... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The students belong to 9 classes with different specializations: "MP" classes focus more on mathematics and physics, "PC" classes on physics and chemistry, "PSI" classes on engineering studies and "BIO" classes on biology. We collected data among students of nine classes corresponding to the second year of such studies... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | This choice takes into account data reported and registered and the school schedule) and, if two students reported different durations for their encounter, we use the average of the reported values. In the CDN S on the other hand, we consider weights randomly drawn from the distribution of contact durations registered ... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We are grateful to the SocioPatterns collaboration [38] for privileged access to the datasets on face-to-face interactions collected during a two-days conference and in a French hospital. | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | This work was supported by the A Ã MIDEX project ( ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02 ) funded by the " Investissements d'Avenir" French Government program , managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR) , to AB and RM. AB is also partially supported by the French ANR project HarMS-flu ( ANR-12-MONU-0018 ) and by the E... | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005002 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Study population The Normative Aging Study (NAS) is a longitudinal study of ageing established by the US Veterans Administration. The original cohort was recruited between 1961 and 1970, and consisted of 2280 community-dwelling men, aged 21-80 years, from the greater Boston, Massachusetts area, who were free of known c... | 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009790 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | 33 34 In the Introduction, we cited studies suggesting linkages between psychological exposures and the methylation of NR3C1 and IFN-γ promoters, which in turn might explain chronic inflammatory processes characterising diseases such as CHD. As an example for the third selection criterion, lower early-life socioeconomi... | 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009790 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Online supplementary table S1 lists the specific CpG positions for DNA methylation that we measured within specified promoter regions for each gene. We had limited information about the CpGs that were analysed (eg, for NR3C1), including their functionality or their proximity to transcription factor-binding sites or oth... | 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009790 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Predictor variables We used data on anxiety and depression measured through the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), a selfadministered 53-item questionnaire of nine primary psychological symptom dimensions (anxiety, depression, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid ideation, phobic anxiety, ps... | 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009790 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | All tests were two-tailed with a 5% significance level. All analyses were conducted using SAS V. 9. 1 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA). All participants gave written informed consent. This research was approved by the human subjects committees of the Boston VA Medical Center and the Harvard School of Public H... | 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009790 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | This work is supported by a public grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the "Investissements d'Avenir" programme within the framework of the LIEPP centre of excellence ( ANR-11-LABX-0091 , ANR--11--IDEX-0005--02 ) a. Université de Cergy-Pontoise, THEMA , Clersé d. Sciences Po, L... | 10.1093/cje/bev080 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Health Professions | https://openalex.org/fields/36 |
cc-by | QCA is also an approach as well as a research technique (Curchod, 2003; Rihoux & Marx, 2013). In this regard, QCA aids in the identification of causal structures (Ragin, 1987). QCA is therefore an instrumentation of generic analytical approaches for which qualitative methodologists advocate (Miles & Huberman, 2003).... | 10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.125 | article | en | 2,015 | false | true | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Delimiting the scope of the investigation This study first identified management articles using QCA in Web of Science database and then triangulated the results with the COMPASSS database. The final sample comprised 95 articles from aggregated databases (Cairn, Ebsco and Science Direct) and publishers (Sage and Emerald... | 10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.125 | article | en | 2,015 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | 3). There remain only a few countries which have never conducted a census (e. g. Eritrea, Western Sahara) (UNSD 2013b). Census data are exploited by politicians, policy advisors, statisticians, local government, lobby groups and national and international organisations for the planning and allocation of resources. Dat... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | ONS funding is a part of, and is reported by, the UKSA, in turn funded by the UK Government. The ONS does not report to an individual Minister or Ministry. INSEE is a Directorate General of the Ministry of the Economy, Finance, and Industry and receives its funding from the State's general budget. INSEE organises the p... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Managing Fieldwork (Terrain) ONS and INSEE both have to deal with the practicalities of census data collection. In E&W in 2011, census forms were posted to the occupants of each registered address in the Postal Address File: … it's borne out of the practicality really of wanting to be able to enumerate these people and... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | The Census as a Reflection of Society and Daily Life: Perspectives from Key Informants Analysis of E&W census documentation suggests that the household definitions generated by ONS are making substantial efforts to accommodate and represent changing social realities. In fact there was a very substantial shift between 2... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Two UK-based University academics who not only use household data in their research but have also worked with ONS and other international statistics agencies to analyse census data suggest that the impetus behind past changes to definitions has been primarily to reflect changes in social life: The household, in that re... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | (E&W: Academic working on households, 2011) This is very different from INSEE where the census prioritises very different dimensions: counting individuals and providing legal population counts is what is really important, not how they organise their lives (see quotes at the beginning of the paper) even though census da... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | [to] share the kitchen, that's quite standard, and what we've tried to do is make sure…Those people could go their lives never talking to each other, they just happen to share a cooker, so we count those as separate households, which is why we started saying you have share a lounge or a dining room, there has to be som... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | In France such data are collected but not coded or analysed because understanding and representing how people organise their lives is not an aim of the census. | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments The research for this paper was funded by ESRC as part of the Survey Design Measurement Initiative (SDMI) and ESRC/ANR ( RES-062-33-0007/ANR-09-FRBR-016 ). We thank Celine Hiron who undertook some documentary analysis, Dr. Sadio Ba Gning who participated in the majority of the in-depth intervi... | 10.1007/s10680-015-9372-y | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | If the resulting parsimonious tree has a high consistency level [17] the most likely explanation is that the character states are transmitted vertically along the branches. We may otherwise have to consider that character states are shared through other processes, possibly through horizontal diffusion or convergent e... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Material and Methods Sample Data was collected in groups of farmer and hunter-gatherer Bantu (28) and Ubanguian (1) speakers from Gabon according to a convention and field work authorizations from the Omar Bongo University in Gabon. Our sampling is representative of rural areas in Gabon and does not include the cap... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | A presence/absence data matrix was built for the 322 characters for 58 musical patrimonies collected across 75 localities and among 29 distinct ethnonymic entities (S1 Dataset). The data matrix was constructed following hypotheses of primary homologies [22] i. e. hypotheses of homology that have not yet been tested th... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Missing data were coded with a question mark. All sound parameters (metric, rhythmic, melodic) were considered as intrinsic characters. In musicology, the notion of time relies on two distinct principles, the metrics and rhythm, each of which is made up of constitutive parameters. The metrics gives the time standard [... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Ethnomusicological coding We collected data for 58 musical patrimonies from 23 farmer groups and 5 pygmies groups. Table 1 describes the 58 taxa included in the matrix, together with a map (Fig 1 ) showing the localization of the corresponding patrimonies. We identified in total 161 distinct repertoires, according to... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Supporting Information S1 Dataset. Data matrix. Column 1: 58 musical patrimonies (a patrimony is a set of musical features shared by a population). They are described in the Table 1. Characters 1-161: repertoire;. | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank all people from gabonese villages where we worked during last ten years, for their time and hospitality. The field work benefit logistical support from the Omar Bongo University (UOB) from Libreville and from Luto D. C. laboratory. We also thank Marie Fisler and the ANR program « Anthr... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | This research benefited from three research programs: ACI Prosodie Histoire et diversité des Pygmées de l'Afrique Centrale et de leurs voisins, Research Ministry , directed by E. Heyer (Pr. MNHN). 2004-2007; ANR-05-BLAN-0400-001 , La mobilité ancestrale face à la percée des routes forestières en Afrique centrale : ... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0151570 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Context and Data Sources This study uses baseline data from cohort studies in metropolitan regions of Adelaide, South Australia and Paris, France. Both cohort and their study regions are described below. | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Relative to the state, the study region has high proportions of low income families and low full-time secondary school participation rates [17]. Despite this profile, the region covers a diverse spectrum of both high and low socioeconomic status and ethnic background residents, as well as, commercial, educational and ... | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | The NWAHS is a collaboration between the Central Northern Area Health Service (CNAHS), South Australian Department for Health and Ageing, The University of Adelaide, University of South Australia and SA Pathology [18]. The NWAHS is comprised of adults aged 18 years and over from the north-west region of Adelaide, rand... | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Clinical measures included weight, height, waist and hip girths, blood pressure, and a fasting blood sample from which glycaemic and lipid variables were determined. These assessments conducted at either of two hospitals within the north-west region were completed by 4056 participants or 49. 4% of the eligible sample, ... | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | Additional participants were recruited for a second wave of data collection (2011-2013). The study is a collaboration between UMR-S 707 (Inserm-Université Pierre et Marie Curie) and the Centre d'Investigations Préventives et Cliniques of Paris. Participants benefit from a free health check-up, offered every five years ... | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | The formulation based on correlated observations therefore is closely related to that based on variance components, as the ICC can be seen as a measure of the relative sizes of the two variance components. The ICC reflects the extra variation caused by the natural differences among the individuals within each cluster; ... | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
cc-by | In this study, design effects were derived from ICC estimates by the following equation: Design Effect " 1 `pr n ´1q ˆICC where r n is the harmonic mean number of participants per unit for each administrative geographic unit. The harmonic mean was used due to sample sizes (participant numbers within unit) being unequal... | 10.3390/ijerph13050519 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Social Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
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