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cc-by | Fine-mapping Bayesian credibility sets For each of the associated loci in Supplementary Table 1 and Table 1 , we calculated a Bayes factor for each SNP within the 2-Mb window. We used the approximate Bayes factor of Wakefield32. We then calculated the posterior probability that each SNP was driving the association, ... | 10.1038/ng.3603 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | We tested for differences in GRS using a t-test. A Q-Q plot for each data set satisfied assumptions of normality, and given the large sample sizes, the central limit theorem would satisfy normality for the distribution of sample means. As there was evidence of differences in variances of the GRSs between some pairs of ... | 10.1038/ng.3603 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments P. T. is employed by the Biomedical Research Centre. L. C. was funded by the China Scholarship Council ( 201406380127 ). The research was funded/supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's Col... | 10.1038/ng.3603 | review | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | W. Y. and Y. L. L. acknowledge support from the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Government ( GRF HKU783813M , HKU 784611M , 17125114 and HKU 770411M ). Y. Z. thanks the Health and Medical Research Fund ( 12133701 ) from the Food and Health Bureau , Hong Kong. We thank T. Raj and P. De Jager for co... | 10.1038/ng.3603 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank the referees for their insight, comments and suggestions and Charles Charalambous , medical writer, Brussels, Belgium , who assisted with the final editing of this editorial. | 10.3324/haematol.2016.142018 | editorial | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | MIP and MEP should be regularly re-measured and pressure settings adjusted according to treatment success. RMST is not recommended for patients with perforated tympanic membranes, oro-facial weakness, established daytime hypercapnia or thoracic instability. Endurance training as part of RMT has not been investigated in... | 10.3390/ijms17101735 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments: Moderation of working group activities was managed by an independent medical education and communications company, Meducom B. V. , Spierdijk, The Netherlands (financially supported by Sanofi-Genzyme Corp. / Genzyme Europe B. V. , Naarden , The Netherlands). We would also like to acknowledge the contri... | 10.3390/ijms17101735 | review | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Biological/clinical validation -domain 2 The terms 'biological validation', 'clinical validation' and 'clinical utility' describe the stepwise linking of biomarkers to tumour biology, outcome variables and value in guiding decision-making, respectively. Clinical validation requires demonstration that the biomarker mere... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Double baseline studies Biomarker precision can be assessed by measuring on multiple occasions and calculating the repeatability or reproducibility of the parameter. Typically, this precision is achieved by measuring the biomarker twice at baseline in the absence of any treatment effects. IBs that have demonstrated cli... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Approaches for surrogate validation more pragmatic than the Prentice criteria involve the application of meta-analysis methods to a collection of large or moderate-sized datasets that measure both the putative surrogate biomarker and the definitive clinical end point94. These meta-analytic approaches often require some... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Recommendations 8-11 -biological validation and clinical validation- Clinical validation occurs relatively late in the development process for most IBs compared with biospecimen-derived biomarkers71. Extensive preclinical studies can provide wellcontrolled data to examine the relationship of the IB to pathology, and th... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | IB studies often generate rich datasets that can be collected and banked for future re-use. These data include raw images, processed images and parameter maps, ancillary files (such as regions of interest, mask files, and stored header information detailing scan parameter settings), and essential patient metadata cover... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Creation of animal and human cancer image repositories, following the lead of organizations including the NCI and the ESR132, is strongly encouraged (recommendation 10) to enable rapid testing of new analyses by researchers from different institutions. In some cases, this approach can even lead to a reduction in the nu... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Highlighted exploratory analyses (either prespecified or post hoc) should be accompanied by a description of all other exploratory analyses performed. This strategy will more-accurately reflect the potential for false-positive and false-negative findings. Adherence to these principles of reporting will help to eliminat... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | true | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements Development of this roadmap received support from Cancer Research UK and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant references A/15267 , A/16463 , A/16464 , A/16465 , A/16466 and A/18097 ), the EORTC Cancer Research Fund , and the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Un... | 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.162 | review | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank the staff of the Pediatric Endocrine Society for their help in sponsoring and organizing this practice guideline, the patients from around the world whose contributions to research allowed the development of these guidelines, and Elaine Cochran for providing the guideline for metreleptin do... | 10.1210/jc.2016-2466 | review | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Detailed information should be recorded in a disease-specific pregnancy registry. Ongoing registries collecting data on pregnancy and lactation Provide ongoing education to patients about their disease, genetics, and inheritance Start discussions about genetics and inheritance during teens. Explore relationship status ... | 10.1177/2326409816669375 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Funding The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The content of this manuscript was based on presentations and discussions during an expert meeting that was coordinated and funded by BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. Support in the p... | 10.1177/2326409816669375 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Ismar Healthcare NV for their assistance in the writing of the manuscript, which was funded by BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. The current review was based on presentations and discussions from an expert meeting about fertility and pregnancy in MPS that was held on April 18, ... | 10.1177/2326409816669375 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge support from the Algerian agency MESRS (Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche Scientifique) , and the DGRSDT (Direction Generale de la Recherche Scientifique et du Developpement Technologique) ,. | 10.1107/s241431461600729x | article | fr | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Chemistry | https://openalex.org/fields/16 |
cc-by | Fluorescence imaging-Immunofluorescence and short time-lapse acquisitions were performed using an inverted confocal microscope (LSM 710, Zeiss, Jena, Germany) with a 40× oil-immersion lens (NA 1. 3 with an optical resolution of 176 nm) with an optical resolution of X nm. DAPI, Alexa 488/GFP, mCherry and Alexa 647 were ... | 10.1186/s40478-016-0386-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Images for (a), (b) and (c) were acquired via laser-scanning confocal microscopy using a 40× oil-immersion lens (NA 1. 3) and processed with ZEN and ImageJ software. A focal plane was collected for each specimen. TNTs are shown in enlargements. For (a), (b) and (c), to observe TNTs in primary neurons, 1 μM hTau1N4R fib... | 10.1186/s40478-016-0386-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Nuclei were labeled with DAPI (blue). TNTs containing Tau are shown in enlargements (white arrows). For acquisition, a focal plane was collected for specimen. Images were acquired with an inverted laser-scanning confocal microscope using a 40× oilimmersion lens (NA 1. 3) and processed using the programs ZEN and ImageJ.... | 10.1186/s40478-016-0386-4 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | a Snapshots selected from a time-lapse video and placed in a gallery to visualize neuron-to-neuron transfer of extracellular Tau fibrils by TNTs in neuronal CAD cells. Time-lapse videos were acquired during 5 h and 33 min with an inter-image interval of 6 s. b Images selected from a video to visualize transfer of extra... | 10.1186/s40478-016-0386-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | At 48 h post-infection, cells were incubated for six hours with 1 μM ATTO 568-hTau1N4R fibrils (green). a The speed of Tau fibrils in TNTs in CAD neuronal cells was calculated from 17 independent videos. b Co-localization analysis between Tau fibrils and actin in TNTs. Significant positive correlation was found between... | 10.1186/s40478-016-0386-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Isabelle Arnal for her critical reading of the manuscript and BiCel and IMAGIF facilities for access to microscopes. This work was supported by grants from ANR (SPREADTAU) , Association France Alzheimer , Region Hauts de France StartAIRR grant (TiNTs) and from the program Investissem... | 10.1186/s40478-016-0386-4 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | In-vivo Porcine Experiments Experimental data were obtained from anesthetized, closed-chest, pigs (n=5, 30-40 kg) [6]. Epicardial and torso potentials were recorded simultaneously using an elastic "sock" (239 unipolar electrodes, Auckland Uniservices Ltd, New Zealand) and flexible strips attached to the body surface (... | 10.22489/cinc.2016.093-198 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | ATs were also evaluated using the error in localization of earliest activation (LE), and the difference in total activation duration (ADd). The data were analyzed using the General Linear Model facility of SAS (Statistical Analysis System). For each metric, the significance of differences among the means of the inverse... | 10.22489/cinc.2016.093-198 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements This study was funded, in part, by Programme Grant 09/067 from the Health Research Council of New Zealand , by the CORDIS3D IRSES-GA-2013-317767 grant and by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche ( ANR-10-IAHU04-LIRYC ). | 10.22489/cinc.2016.093-198 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Analysis of polyfunctionality was performed using Pestle and SPICE (version 5. 3), downloaded from http://exon. niaid. nih. gov. All ICS data are corrected for background. The limit of detection by ICS equates to an IFN-c ELI-Spot response of 150 spot-forming units (SFU)/10 6 PBMCs; therefore, to allow HEV-specific T-c... | 10.1002/hep.28819 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | GENERATION OF PHYLOGENETIC TREE AND PAIR-WISE DISTANCE ANALYSIS HEV complete genome sequences were downloaded from GenBank and aligned using SSE (v1. 2). (48) Human-derived HEV genotype 3 isolates that differed from one another at >2% of nucleotide positions were assigned to a subtype and used to produce a neighbor jo... | 10.1002/hep.28819 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | STATISTICAL ANALYSES Nonparametric tests were used, throughout, paired for within-individual comparisons (Wilcoxon) and unpaired for group comparisons (Mann-Whitney). Prism (v6. 0 for Mac) was used throughout. A Pearson partial correlation was run using IBM SPSS (version 22) to determine the relationship between the t... | 10.1002/hep.28819 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | FINE MAPPING OF ANTI-HEV T-CELL RESPONSES We identified the individual peptide targets of anti-HEV T-cell responses using IFN-c ELISpot assays. Fine mapping was performed by repeat testing of positive IFN-c ELISpot pools using smaller pools of peptides (minipools) and individual peptides contained within these. Using t... | 10.1002/hep.28819 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | One possible explanation for this discrepancy between studies may relate to the timing of T-cell assessment relative to that of the resolution of HEV infection-assuming the same contraction of Tcell responses observed in immune-competent HEVexposed subjects occurs in immunosuppressed patients, those who had cleared inf... | 10.1002/hep.28819 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments: We thank Wantai Pharmaceuticals for providing HEV diagnostic ELISA kits free of charge. We thank the hepatology research nurses (in particular, Mark Ainsworth ) for supporting the recruitment of HEV patients to this study. We also acknowledge the team of research staff at the Oxford Vaccine Group ... | 10.1002/hep.28819 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Study Design The SAKURA Study 1 is the first of 2 Phase III, randomized, double-masked, multinational studies conducted in the European Union, India, Israel, Japan, Latin America, and the United States. Both studies are registered at ClinicalTrials. gov (NCT01358266). Subjects randomized up to March 31, 2013 comprise t... | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.029 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | false | true | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Statistical Analyses In accordance with the intent-to-treat principle, all randomized subjects comprised the primary population for efficacy analyses. For the primary analyses of all VH response end points, subjects rescued before Month 5 were treated as nonresponders. For subjects not rescued before Month 5, missing V... | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.029 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Study Oversight An ethics committee or institutional review board at each participating site reviewed and approved the clinical study protocol, informed consent form, and all other appropriate study-related documents. The study was conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the principles of the... | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.029 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Subject Disposition A total of 347 subjects (348 study eyes) were randomized at 103 sites in the European Union, India, Israel, Japan, Latin America, and the United States from May 31, 2011, to March 31, 2013 (Fig 2). One subject was inadvertently enrolled twice and was randomized to receive the 880-mg dose each time. ... | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.029 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | In summary, the results of the SAKURA Study 1 demonstrated 5-month improvement in VH combined with preservation of BCVA and reduction in corticosteroid treatment burden in patients with active NIU of the posterior segment who received repeated intravitreal injections of sirolimus 440 mg. There were no clinically releva... | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.029 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments. The authors acknowledge the important intellectual contributions to the article from Dr. Yusuf Ali , Dr. Vincent Baeyens , Dr. Masaaki Kageyama , Dr. Sri Mudumba , Dr. Michelle Chernock , Dr. Kavitha Damal (all employees of Santen, Inc. ), and Mary Ellen Valentine (previous employee of Sante... | 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.029 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Complete Medical Communications , who provided editorial support funded by AstraZeneca. N. Normanno is supported by a grant from the Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC ; grant n. IG17135). | 10.18632/oncotarget.13915 | review | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | b, Western blotting analysis of untagged and His 6 -tagged bGP. Western blotting analysis was first conducted using a polyclonal antibody against the six-histidine tag and then reprobed using a monoclonal antibody against bGP. c, plot of the activity of glycogenolysis as a function of the purified bGP concentration. Va... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | 35%). The data shown represent the means of initial velocities of three different experiments (expressed as mean Abs/min Ϯ S. D. ). e, activation of bGP by phosphorylation and AMP. Specific phosphorylation of bGP Ser 14 was performed prior to the assay by incubating the recombinant enzyme with phosphorylase kinase in t... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The resulting n Hill coefficient of 0. 994 indicated that AMP binding to bGP was not cooperative (Fig. 1g ). All these characteristics are in accordance with previously published data (23, 24). We thus used this functional enzyme for further crystallographic studies. The Overall Structure of bGP-We performed several t... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Finally, we collected diffraction data sets from bGP crystals, at 2. 5 Å resolution and from bGP in complex with AMP at 3. 4 Å resolution. The three-dimensional structures were determined by molecular replacement, using a homology model based on human muscle glycogen phosphorylase (PDB code 1Z8D) as a search model (Tab... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | In the absence of AMP or phosphorylation, mGP crystallizes as a dimer in the asymmetric unit (PDB code 2GPB). It was thus surprising to observe that in absence of AMP, bGP also formed a tetramer. We attribute this quaternary arrangement to the presence of a PEG 400 molecule, used as precipitant, in the AMP binding site... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | GP dimers mGP (PDB code 1PYG) 0. 71 0. 71 lGP (PDB code 1FA9) 0. 7 bGP (PDB code 5IKP). | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | GP monomers mGP (PDB code 1PYG) 0. 63 0. 69 lGP (PDB code 1FA9) 0. 7 bGP (PDB code 5IKP) observed in PEG-bound bGP crystals is sufficiently close to the active state to allow all the structural changes induced by the addition of AMP without altering the crystal integrity. Indeed, soaking experiments with allosteric inh... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | 025%) and various concentrations of AMP (0 -3 mM). Initial velocities were determined, and cooperativity of AMP binding was assessed by fitting the data to the Hill equation, Log͑Y/͑1 Ϫ Y͒͒ ϭ nlog͓AMP͔ Ϫ logK A (Eq. 1) where Y is the ratio V i /V max , n is the Hill coefficient, [AMP] is the corresponding concentration... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The best crystals were obtained using a solution of 28% (v/v) PEG 400, 0. 2 M calcium chloride, and 0. 1 M Hepes, pH 7. 5. Crystals with dimensions of up to 0. 05 mm ϫ 0. 05 mm ϫ 0. 1 mm appeared within 2 weeks. The crystal of protein complexed with AMP (AMP-bound bGP) was obtained by soaking the apo-form crystal for 3... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The model for molecular replacement was built by homology modeling using SWISS-MODEL (45) based on the template structure of human muscle glycogen phosphorylase (PDB code 1Z8D). The initial models were completed and adjusted using the COOT program (46). Refinement was performed using REFMAC as implemented in CCP4 (... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Molecular Graphics and Analyses-Molecular graphics and analyses were performed using the UCSF Chimera package (1. 10. 2). Chimera was developed by the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF Chimera-a visualization system for exploratory research an... | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments-We acknowledge SOLEIL and ESRF for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities, and we thank the staff for assistance in using beamline PROXIMA1 and ID23-1, respectively. | 10.1074/jbc.m116.738898 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Details about these DEGs are given in Additional file 2. There is no significant difference in terms of the number of upregulated or downregulated genes in both genotypes and brain regions (Fig. 1a ). When considering each brain area analyzed, there is little difference in the number of dysregulated genes for a given g... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | An intriguing expression of hormone transcripts in the cortex and hippocampus One of the aims of this transcriptomic analysis was to extract information about genes whose expression is modified in the nervous system after 5 months of vitamin D3 supplementation, regardless of the pathological context. One way to obtain ... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | This analysis revealed that the genes in this dataset are related to five different biological clusters: regulation of phosphorylation, hormone activity, membrane trafficking, nucleotide binding and metal ion binding. A less restrictive additional analysis was performed on DEGs found in at least three out of the four c... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The effects of vitamin D3 supplementation vary according to the health status of the animal To move further and comprehensively assess the effect of vitamin D on brain functioning, we analyzed the Dysregulated transcripts in the hippocampus and cortex of vitamin D3 supplemented wild type and transgenic mice in comparis... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Vitamin D3, a potent upstream regulator altering the expression of Alzheimer's disease-associated genes To further decipher the detailed role of vitamin D in brain functioning, we narrowed our analysis to the genes that are directly or indirectly regulated by vitamin D or its related-metabolites. Using Ingenuity softwa... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | On top of that, the majority of the 2 Top canonical metabolic pathways associated to gene dysregulation in the cortex and hippocampus of mice after 5 months of vitamin D3 supplementation: common versus strain-specific processes. Metabolic pathways associated to gene expression dysregulation were identified using Ing... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | A cross examination of our data with those reported in these studies reveals that the dysregulated expression of 46 genes -Aaas, Aldoa, Atp2b4, Bcam, Bmp1, C3, Cat, Ccl2, Cntn4, Col16a1, Dpp6, Epas1, Fam120c, Fam70a, Fbln1, Fkbp1a, Foxc1, Gfap, Grp, Hspa12a, Htr2c, Igf1, Kdr, Kif1a, Lcat, Lpl, Ndst4, Nmbr, Nr4a2, Pde3b... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | We chose to perform a literature-based analysis of possible VDRE-containing DEGs in our datasets. To avoid discrepancies between study designs, we initially based our search on a large in silico and microarray-based study by Wang and colleagues [6]. This revealed the presence of a very limited number of putative VDREs... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | It is therefore difficult to conclude on the complete list of VDR direct targets in our dataset. For instance, the study by Latimer and coworkers, reported putative VDRE sequences in three genes from our dataset -Cntn4, Ppp2r2b and Syt2 -which were not previously identified by Wang and colleagues [6, 30]. These potent... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | As with clinical trials, there is a great need for additional work in rodents before deciphering the exact mechanisms of action of vitamin D in the nervous system. However, we feel confident that the present dataset is a useful public resource which reflects the variety and pleiotropy of vitamin D3 actions in the brain... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Microscopic analysis and quantification of gliosis and amyloid plaques Quantification of gliosis and amyloid plaques were performed on 30 μm thick brain coronal sections costained with either GFAP and 6E10 or IBA1 and 6E10 antibodies, at the frontal cortex, hippocampal and sensory cortex levels. Images were acquired us... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Microarray assay RNA samples from three animals in each group were pooled for microarray hybridization. Sample amplification, labeling, and hybridization were performed in line with the Agilent one-color microarray-base analysis (low input quick amp labeling) protocol (Agilent Technologies). Briefly, total RNA was reve... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | AgiND R package was used for quality control and normalization. Quantile methods and a background correction were applied for data normalization. Microarray data are available in the ArrayExpress database under accession number E-MTAB-1937. | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Microarray data analysis Biological interpretation of the data was performed using two different programs. The NIH DAVID tool was used to obtain functional annotation clusters related to the datasets of interest. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA, Ingenuity Systems) was also used to identify biological functions and upst... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Statistical analysis Significant differences between groups were determined using the Kaleida Graph software. We used one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare two experimental groups. Values represent the mean ± SEM of the indicated number of... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments Aurélia Cès for her help with the behavioral experiments and Philippe Benech for his input in analyzing the transcriptomic data. This work was supported by public [ Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) ] and private grants [ Fondation de l'Avenir, Dem... | 10.1186/s13024-016-0087-2 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Imaging analyses Grey matter density was assessed in our patient from his first T1 MRI sequence (Fig. 1a ), and compared to the grey matter density of a group of 30 age-matched healthy controls (age = 44. 9 ± 3. 8) from the online database OASIS (http://www. oasis-brains. org/), using a whole brain z-score map. The 18 ... | 10.1186/s12883-016-0643-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Molecular genetics SNCA gene (encoding the alpha-synuclein) mutations were investigated using bidirectional Sanger sequencing on an ABI 3730 automated sequencer (Applied Biosystem) and SeqScape v2. 6 software (Applied Biosystems), and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA, MRC-Holland). PRNP gene (enco... | 10.1186/s12883-016-0643-y | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the healthy control individuals for their participation, and are grateful to Antoine Leuzy for his valuable help on language correction. | 10.1186/s12883-016-0643-y | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Funding This work was supported by NIH grants: number P50 AG05681 , P01 AG03991 , R01 AG021910 , P20 MH071616 , U24 RR021382 , as funding sources of the OASIS database that provided the healthy controls MRI data. | 10.1186/s12883-016-0643-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Availability of data and materials The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are publically available. | 10.1186/s12883-016-0643-y | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Methods and Findings The hazard ratios of various common infections were assessed in 275,072 adults prescribed glucocorticoids orally for 15 d (women: 57. 8%, median age: 63 [interquartile range 48-73] y) in comparison to those not prescribed glucocorticoids. For each infection, incidence rate ratios were calculated fo... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Data Source: The Health Improvement Network Approximately 98% of the population in the UK is registered with a general practitioner. THIN is a database of anonymized electronic medical records from UK general practices. Participating general practitioners systematically and prospectively retrieve and enter clinical inf... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Prescribing is well recorded in terms of general practitioner prescriptions since the computerized entry made by the doctor is also used to issue a prescription to the patient. To date, THIN includes data from almost 600 general practices and more than 12 million individuals. For this study, we used data from 1 January... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | These dates were derived from two variables available in the database: total number of pills prescribed and number of pills to be taken per day. The baseline daily dosage was calculated from the first glucocorticoid prescription. It was derived from the number of pills prescribed per day multiplied by the dosage of eac... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Identification of Infectious Events All diagnoses and symptoms are recorded in THIN using the Read classification system [14]. This classification was used to create medical lists that enabled us to identify cases of three bacterial (i. e. , septicemia, lower respiratory tract infection [LRTI], cutaneous cellulitis), ... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Biological Data We searched the medical file of all glucocorticoid-exposed patients included in the study in order to extract data regarding lymphocyte count and albumin level measured before record of the infectious event (or before a randomly defined date during exposure for those who did not have any of the infectio... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | What Did the Researchers Do and Find? Using The Health Improvement Network (THIN) primary care database, the researchers identified 275,072 adults prescribed oral glucocorticoids in the UK between 2000 and 2012, a random sample of people not prescribed glucocorticoids but with a diagnosis of the same underlying disease... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Additional Information This list of resources contains links that can be accessed when viewing the PDF on a device or via the online version of the article at http://dx. doi. org/10. 1371/journal. pmed. 1002024. • This study is further discussed in a PLOS Medicine Perspective by Lionel Rostaing and Paolo Malvezzi • The... | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We warmly thank Cormac Sammon for his help regarding the Schneeweiss rule-out approach analyses. | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The data used for this study was obtained from a license to THIN. For further information on access to the database please contact IMS Health (contact details can be found on http://www. csdmruk. imshealth. com/index. html). Code lists used for this study are provided as a Supporting Information file: S1 Table. | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002024 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Statistical Analysis In view of the relative small number of cardiac anesthesiologists in France, we decided to attempt to survey all of them; hence, a sample size calculation was unnecessary. After all completed questionnaires had been received, they were analyzed using MedCalc software (version 12. 5. 0, MedCalc Soft... | 10.1097/md.0000000000002655 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Similar guidelines are available for noncardiac surgery, 20, 21 and so national datasets might improve the clarity and uniformity of patient management and help to avoid costly reassessments. 20 r the postoperative period, our survey results prompted similar findings. A recent study demonstrated that a standardized p... | 10.1097/md.0000000000002655 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors thank the members of the ARCOTHOVA (especially Jean-Luc Fellahi , Philippe Mauriat , and Sophie Provenchere) and those of the CARGO group (especially Fabien Espitalier and Carole Fleury ) for facilitating performance of the present study. | 10.1097/md.0000000000002655 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Prof. Chia-Fu Chou ( Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ) for providing the microfabricated devices for studying the cell cytoskeleton under spatial confinement. The microscopy was done at the Bordeaux Imaging Center , a service unit of the CNRS-INSERM and Universite de B... | 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.016 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | manuscript. This work was funded by INSERM, ANR (Agence Nationale pour la Recherche) VASCULOSOMES ( ANR BLANC 2010 1237 01 ), Fondation de France (grant 00056836 ), and Ligue Nationale Francaise contre le Cancer (Comitedes Pyrenees Atlantiques ). P. S. was supported by a grant from La Ligue Nationale Francaise... | 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.016 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
cc-by | Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments SAXS samples were prepared in 5 mM phosphate/citrate, 150 mM NaCl pH 7 or pH 4. The initial protein concentration of the samples was 10 mg/ml. Prior to data collection, these samples were injected on the online HPLC system of the SWING Beamline at Synchrotron SOLEIL (Gif-... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153401 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The pair-distribution functions were computed using the program GNOM from the ATSAS package, allowing determining the radius of gyration and the maximal distance of the molecule. | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153401 | article | en | 2,016 | false | true | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | 5 mL with the complete set of GdnHCl solutions. Samples were incubated overnight before fluorescence measurements on a Jasco FP-750 spectrofluorimeter. Excitation wavelength was 295 nm with a bandwidth of 5 nm for both excitation and emission beams. The emission spectra were recorded from 310 to 370 nm at a scan rate o... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153401 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Single channel conductance measurements showed that LC blocks the ion channel formed in the membrane by H N for BoNT/A and BoNT/E during translocation [45]. Reconciliation of this model with our observations would imply that the channel made by H N would be closed by the passage of LC between the lipids of the bilayer... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153401 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank Nicolas Durafourc and Maïté Paternostre for help with LUV preparation. For help with protein production and purification we thank Cassandra Porebski. For help with AUC experiments we thank Bertrand Raynal. AA was supported by DGA and CEA. This work was funded by the joint ministerial ... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153401 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | This work was funded by the joint ministerial program of R&D against CBRNE threats. SIMOPRO is a member of the Laboratory of Excellence LERMIT supported by a grant from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche ( ANR-10-LABX-33 ). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publi... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0153401 | article | en | 2,016 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | For the purposes of this study, four sources of information were consulted. First, to compare the TB burdens in the various provinces, data from the national TB prevalence survey undertaken in 1990 were used. 8 s the data from subsequent surveys did not provide province-specific data, they could not be used for this pu... | 10.5588/pha.16.0007 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Conclusion: The FIDELIS projects may have contributed to the increase in case detection of new smear-positive PTB in China, but the level of evidence is low. were considered separately for the FIDELIS and the non-FIDELIS provinces. The CNR was obtained from the total number of new smear-positive cases notified within t... | 10.5588/pha.16.0007 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Third, all routinely reported data from the FIDELIS monthly reports were double-entered, checked and verified in an electronic database without personal identifiers. To compare the FIDELIS CNRS with those of the previous year, the numbers of cases notified in the report forms were used. Finally, for comparison of the F... | 10.5588/pha.16.0007 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Ethics The study used non-identifiable data collected as part of a routine programme activity that was publicly available and analysed retrospectively. Patient information was handled only by those providing care for the patients. No individual identifiers were provided to anyone outside the health services. The projec... | 10.5588/pha.16.0007 | article | en | 2,016 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
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