id stringlengths 17 17 | subset stringclasses 2
values | is_combinatorial bool 2
classes | hardness_tier stringclasses 5
values | context stringlengths 0 4.02k | question stringlengths 1 845 | options stringlengths 26 1.73k | answer stringclasses 53
values | true_statement stringclasses 5
values | reasoning_type stringclasses 4
values | task_format stringclasses 9
values | tier_config stringclasses 22
values | tier stringclasses 5
values | gold_score float64 37.9 790 | original_id stringlengths 0 17 | full_metrics stringlengths 331 343 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LOGI-80ee9fb794f9 | base | false | base | Some of the most philanthropic companies in the United States are shunning the limelight. Philanthropy can also be known as compassion, charity, and generosity. Such figures are gathered and published by The Chronicle of Philanthropy. The list of charitable companies is topped by pharmaceutical companies, the lead of w... | Johnson and Johnson gave $923 million to charity last year. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 54.52 | {"gold_score": 54.52, "coherence_depth": 0.09, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 28, "logic_density": 1.38, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 4801, "reasoning_segments": 209, "is_hi... | |||
LOGI-67265e1449dd | combinatorial | true | Easy | 根据疫情防控要求，某会议要压缩规模。张、王、李、赵、牛、孙和陈7人只能选派3人参会。其中，张、王、李3名博士生至多只能有1人参会，其他4名教授至多只能有2人参会。另外，根据工作需要，还需满足：(1)若赵参会，则孙、张均不参会；(2)若牛参会，则张、赵均参会。
根据以上陈述，可以得出下列哪项：
I. 孙参会
II. 赵不参会
III. 张不参会
IV. 陈参会 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. IV \u4e3a\u771f", "B. \u4ec5 I", "C. \u4ec5 III", "D. \u4ec5 II"] | ["A"] | IV | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 4, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Easy"} | Easy | 77.79 | LOGI-67265e1449dd | {"gold_score": 77.79, "coherence_depth": 0.36, "cognitive_entropy": 0.26, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 43, "logic_density": 5.36, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 1.0, "thinking_length": 6072, "reasoning_segments": 541, "is_high_... |
LOGI-0409d8262c82 | combinatorial | true | Hard | 人民是创作的源头活水，只有扎根人民，创作才能取得取之不尽、用之不竭的源泉。文化文艺工作者要走进实践深处，观照人民生活，表达人民心声，用心用情用功抒写人民、描绘人民、歌唱人民。哲学社会科学工作者要多到实地调查研究，了解百姓生活状况，把握群众思想脉搏，着眼群众需要解疑释惑、阐明道理，把学问写进群众心坎里。
有此可以推出：
I. 文化文艺工作者只有走进实践深处，才能观照人民生活
II. 如果不扎根人民，创作就不能获得取之不尽、用之不竭的源泉
III. 哲学社会科学工作者只有到实地调查研究，才能了解百姓生活状况，把握群众思想脉搏
IV. 如果哲学社会科学工作者没有着眼群众需要解疑释惑、阐明道理，就说明他们没有进行实地调查研究 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. II \u6216 III", "B. \u4ec5 I", "C. \u975e I", "D. \u975e III", "E. \u4ec5 III"] | ["A", "C", "D"] | II | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 3, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 43.79 | LOGI-0409d8262c82 | {"gold_score": 43.79, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 24, "logic_density": 1.48, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3078, "reasoning_segments": 205, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-bb397139d426 | base | false | base | Indie game developer Lucas Pope created Papers Please, a video game where the player is an immigration officer processing people attempting to enter Arstotzka, a fictional dystopia. Released in 2013, the game was originally made for Microsoft Windows and OS X platforms. It was subsequently released for Linux and the iP... | The gameplayer will ultimately be responsible for multiple arrests. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 88 | {"gold_score": 88.0, "coherence_depth": 0.09, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 54, "logic_density": 1.4, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 3.6, "thinking_length": 11211, "reasoning_segments": 567, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-475febca65fb | base | false | base | Some teachers are professors. Some lecturers are teachers. | All teachers as well as professors being lecturers is a possibility. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 66.86 | {"gold_score": 66.86, "coherence_depth": 0.17, "cognitive_entropy": 0.18, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 34, "logic_density": 2.57, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.3, "thinking_length": 3947, "reasoning_segments": 216, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-44ca4aec9c60 | base | false | base | None of the students taking literature are taking physics, but several of the students taking physics are taking art. In addition, none of the students taking rhetoric are taking physics. | Which one of the following statements follows logically from the statements above? | ["A. There are students who are taking art but not literature.", "B. None of the students taking literature are taking art.", "C. There are students who are taking rhetoric but not literature.", "D. None of the students taking rhetoric are taking literature.", "E. There are students who are taking both art and literatu... | "A" | deductive | argument analysis | {} | 51.32 | {"gold_score": 51.32, "coherence_depth": 0.2, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 27, "logic_density": 2.96, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 3544, "reasoning_segments": 269, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-66a7211de7cc | base | false | base | Career consultant: The most popular career advice suggests emphasizing one's strengths to employers and downplaying one's weaknesses. Research shows this advice to be incorrect. A study of 314 managers shows that those who use self-deprecating humor in front of their employees are more likely to be seen by them as even... | The career consultant's reasoning is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it | ["A. bases a conclusion about how one group will respond to self-deprecation on information about how a different group responds to it", "B. ignores the possibility that what was viewed positively in the managers' self-deprecating humor was the self-deprecation and not its humor", "C. ignores the possibility that non-s... | "A" | abductive | argument analysis | {} | 53.58 | {"gold_score": 53.58, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.33, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 31, "logic_density": 1.45, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2960, "reasoning_segments": 161, "is_high_qu... | |||
LOGI-02d0f61abbe9 | base | false | base | The Shop and Save Grocery is south of Greenwood Pharmacy. Rebecca's house is northeast of Greenwood Pharmacy. | If the first two statements are true, is the third statement 'Rebecca's house is west of the Shop and Save Grocery' true, false, or uncertain? | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 62.67 | {"gold_score": 62.67, "coherence_depth": 0.16, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 35, "logic_density": 2.33, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 9420, "reasoning_segments": 711, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-4012bfb0a8be | base | false | base | The democratic peace theory holds that liberal democracies never, or rarely, go to war against each other. The first to espouse this idea was the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, who posited that constitutional republics engender peace, because the majority of people will not vote to go to war unless in self-defence. ... | The premise for the democratic peace theory is the accountability of a democratically elected government to its electorate. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 46.77 | {"gold_score": 46.77, "coherence_depth": 0.09, "cognitive_entropy": 0.6, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 23, "logic_density": 1.4, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 4643, "reasoning_segments": 200, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-10ae2d4d400e | base | false | base | All of the students at Risedale High School were sent home early on Tuesday 1 April 2003 due to a bomb scare in the science block. The police were called in after a brown parcel had been left unaccounted for in the physics laboratory. Bomb experts later revealed that it was a hoax. However, the police say that they are... | The brown parcel was the birthday present for Joyce Denver's son. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | situational judgement | {} | 43.44 | {"gold_score": 43.44, "coherence_depth": 0.18, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 2.76, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2241, "reasoning_segments": 122, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-1ec115dc7ad5 | combinatorial | true | Hard | 小王、小张、小赵、小刘四人讨论比赛四强的甲、乙、丙、丁四个队伍哪个将获得冠军。
小王：'乙是冠军。'
小张：'冠军是丁或丙。'
小赵：'冠军是甲或丁。'
小刘：'甲和丙不是冠军。'
冠军是：
I. 甲
II. 乙
III. 丙
IV. 丁 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. I \u6216 III", "B. III \u6216 I", "C. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "D. \u975e IV", "E. II \u4e3a\u771f"] | ["D", "E"] | II | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 164.01 | LOGI-1ec115dc7ad5 | {"gold_score": 164.01, "coherence_depth": 0.24, "cognitive_entropy": 0.3, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 96, "logic_density": 3.58, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.8, "thinking_length": 13661, "reasoning_segments": 1166, "is_h... |
LOGI-847b685acc67 | base | false | base | Poetry journal patron: Everybody who publishes in The Brick Wall Review has to agree in advance that if a poem is printed in one of its regular issues, the magazine also has the right to reprint it, without monetary compensation, in its annual anthology. The Brick Wall Review makes enough money from sales of its anthol... | Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the patron's argument? | ["A. Neither The Brick Wall Review nor the other magazine under discussion depends on donations to cover most operating expenses.", "B. Many of the poets whose work appears in The Brick Wall Review have had several poems rejected for publication by the other magazine under discussion.", "C. The only compensation poets ... | "E" | abductive | argument analysis | {} | 49.7 | {"gold_score": 49.7, "coherence_depth": 0.16, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 25, "logic_density": 2.46, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5702, "reasoning_segments": 272, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-a78aea3901f0 | combinatorial | true | Hard | 自然科学基金委员会领导在某周分别参观了1号、2号、3号、4号、5号实验室。已知（1）领导对2号、3号实验室只提出了改进建议；（2）第2个被参观的实验室受到了领导的表扬，也得到了改进建议；（3）1号实验室是第4个被参观的实验室；（4）参观5号实验室是在参观4号实验室之后。
根据上述信息，自然科学基金委员会领导参观实验室的顺序可能为：
I. 2号-4号-5号-1号-3号
II. 3号-5号-2号-1号-4号
III. 4号-3号-5号-1号-2号
IV. 4号-1号-3号-2号-5号 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 III", "B. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "C. \u975e II", "D. II \u6216 III", "E. \u975e IV"] | ["C", "E"] | I | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 57.81 | LOGI-a78aea3901f0 | {"gold_score": 57.81, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 32, "logic_density": 1.72, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5688, "reasoning_segments": 640, "is_high_... |
LOGI-3323f007e455 | base | false | base | A company's environmental policy typically has a profound impact upon its standing in the community. There are legal regulations, with stiff penalties attached, which compel managers to ensure that any waste products are disposed of without contaminating the air or water supplies. In addition, employees can be educated... | The regard held for an organisation may be affected by its commitment to environmental issues. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 39.17 | {"gold_score": 39.17, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 1.54, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2039, "reasoning_segments": 97, "is_high_qu... | |||
LOGI-f25d59f76e59 | base | false | base | Some squares are circles. No circle is a triangle. No line is a square. | No line is a circle. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 54.26 | {"gold_score": 54.26, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 29, "logic_density": 1.61, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5180, "reasoning_segments": 372, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-717366009fdb | base | false | base | Bram Stoker’s 1897 novel <i>Dracula</i> was not the first work of literature to feature vampires, but it was the first to portray them as being able to turn into bats. Since none of the European vampire myths that predated <i>Dracula</i> mentioned this ability, the ability to turn into a bat is not essential to the vam... | Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? | ["A. At least one of the European vampire myths that predated Stoker\u2019s book did not portray vampires as strictly nocturnal.", "B. Vampire myths in Central and South America, where real vampire bats are found, portray vampires as able to turn into bats.", "C. Vampire myths did not exist outside Europe before the pu... | "D" | deductive | argument analysis | {} | 78.85 | {"gold_score": 78.85, "coherence_depth": 0.24, "cognitive_entropy": 0.4, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 43, "logic_density": 3.56, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.5, "thinking_length": 8606, "reasoning_segments": 437, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-ec14c6d11040 | base | false | base | Coding rules: 1) First element = numeric value of first letter (A-Z=1-26), 2) Middle symbol based on letter count, 3) Last element = second letter of word. | Find the code for 'Great gesture'? | ["A. 7!E 7$S", "B. 7!R 7$A", "C. 7!R 7$E", "D. 7!G 7$E", "E. 7$R 7$E"] | "C" | inductive | coding and decoding | {} | 44.25 | {"gold_score": 44.25, "coherence_depth": 0.07, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 25, "logic_density": 1.05, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 4223, "reasoning_segments": 331, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-c333af15e7e4 | combinatorial | true | Hard | Four people witnessed a mugging. Each gave a different description of the mugger.
Which description is probably right?
I. He was average height, thin, and middle-aged.
II. He was tall, thin, and middle-aged.
III. He was tall, thin, and young.
IV. He was tall, of average weight, and middle-aged. | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u975e IV", "B. \u4ec5 I", "C. \u4ec5 III", "D. \u975e III", "E. IV \u6216 I"] | ["A", "D"] | II | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 44.73 | LOGI-c333af15e7e4 | {"gold_score": 44.73, "coherence_depth": 0.12, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.9, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 24, "logic_density": 1.82, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3084, "reasoning_segments": 179, "is_high_q... |
LOGI-7638199fb204 | combinatorial | true | Expert | 研究发现实验组(阶段性回溯学习)记住单词量是对照组2倍。研究人员认为将这种模式用于老年人记忆训练可弥补认知功能劣势。
除哪项外均可以作为上述论证前提：
I. 实验前两组认知能力无差异
II. 老年人认知下降主要表现在记忆
III. 老年人与年轻人记忆机制差异不大
IV. 回溯模式对简单复杂事物效果相同 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. IV \u6216 I", "B. III \u6216 I", "C. I \u6216 II", "D. II \u6216 I", "E. \u975e I \u4e14\u975e III", "F. \u4ec5 III"] | ["A", "E"] | IV | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 6, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Expert"} | Expert | 67.9 | LOGI-7638199fb204 | {"gold_score": 67.9, "coherence_depth": 0.2, "cognitive_entropy": 0.64, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 35, "logic_density": 3.02, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 4582, "reasoning_segments": 294, "is_high_... |
LOGI-8c8a107b4abb | base | false | base | All of the students at Risedale High School were sent home early on Tuesday 1 April 2003 due to a bomb scare in the science block. The police were called in after a brown parcel had been left unaccounted for in the physics laboratory. Bomb experts later revealed that it was a hoax. However, the police say that they are... | The brown parcel could have been intended as an April fool joke. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | situational judgement | {} | 215.81 | {"gold_score": 215.81, "coherence_depth": 0.32, "cognitive_entropy": 0.42, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 132, "logic_density": 4.78, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.8, "thinking_length": 7091, "reasoning_segments": 552, "is_hi... | |||
LOGI-0bc011c3c1ca | base | false | base | The cost of using electrical items, such as tumble dryers, can be one of the greatest household expenses. For this reason, companies offering to reduce the amount of money spent yearly on such items are of increasing popularity. An example of this is provided by the website sus-it. net, which promises to save consumers... | Old-fashioned methods like washing lines and brooms save money | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 38.04 | {"gold_score": 38.04, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.84, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 16, "logic_density": 1.52, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.8, "thinking_length": 5698, "reasoning_segments": 270, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-80b106e96356 | base | false | base | The vast majority of citizens believe that the official statistics produced by governments are subject to political interference. They accuse opposition parties and pressure groups of the same interference and all three of using figures in wildly misleading ways to support their particular take on policy. The only diff... | The term all time low means that public trust in official data has never been lower but may have been as low before. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 67.77 | {"gold_score": 67.77, "coherence_depth": 0.16, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 35, "logic_density": 2.41, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.5, "thinking_length": 6352, "reasoning_segments": 328, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-9d066464fe99 | base | false | base | Horticulturalists must take into account many factors when planning the reproduction of plants. Propagation by seed is the most common method employed as it is relatively easy and has a good expected rate of germination, although this can drop if the seed has been packaged for more than a year. Many seeds can remain vi... | Most horticulturalists are reluctant to plant seeds that have been preserved for more than a year. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 52.35 | {"gold_score": 52.35, "coherence_depth": 0.14, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 26, "logic_density": 2.08, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 3550, "reasoning_segments": 182, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-7014bbc9606d | base | false | base | The United States space programme is at a critical juncture. Between 1971 and 2011, spending on space has declined from 5% of the federalbudget to 0.5%. The US government recently announced it has cancelled its Constellation human spaceflight programme, which was intended to provide transportation to the International ... | E | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | abductive | textual entailment | {} | 110.62 | {"gold_score": 110.62, "coherence_depth": 0.14, "cognitive_entropy": 0.18, "abductive_strength": 0.9, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 68, "logic_density": 2.08, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.2, "thinking_length": 9904, "reasoning_segments": 410, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-cf7688828d26 | base | false | base | We like to think of ourselves as unique but we are in fact 99.9 per cent genetically identical. DNA, which comprises the chemical code, governs the construction and function of every cell in our body. The Human Genome Project mapped the sequence for human DNA and provided a blueprint of the DNA shared by every person. ... | It can be inferred from the passage that the author does not approve of the genetic engineering of human DNA. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | abductive | textual entailment | {} | 147.12 | {"gold_score": 147.12, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 89, "logic_density": 1.59, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.8, "thinking_length": 17344, "reasoning_segments": 718, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-29fa30fb6261 | base | false | base | Rifka: We do not need to stop and ask for directions. We would not need to do that unless, of course, we were lost.
Craig: The fact that we are lost is precisely why we need to stop. | In the exchange above, the function of Craig's comment is to | ["A. contradict the conclusion of Rifka's argument without offering any reason to reject any of Rifka's implicit premises", "B. deny one of Rifka's implicit premises and thereby arrive at a different conclusion", "C. imply that Rifka's argument is invalid by accepting the truth of its premises while rejecting its concl... | "B" | abductive | argument analysis | {} | 71.25 | {"gold_score": 71.25, "coherence_depth": 0.12, "cognitive_entropy": 0.58, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 39, "logic_density": 1.73, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5382, "reasoning_segments": 342, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-e55b2f1081ed | base | false | base | Competition between television channel providers to broadcast movies is fierce. The following information has been gathered by the UK Competition Commission, who investigated the acquisition of movie rights by a number of leading broadcasters in the UK.The Commission found that competition is limited by the dominant pr... | Pay-per view movies are less popular than they may otherwise be. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 64.96 | {"gold_score": 64.96, "coherence_depth": 0.17, "cognitive_entropy": 0.78, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 33, "logic_density": 2.51, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.7, "thinking_length": 4695, "reasoning_segments": 274, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-874dd6673d48 | base | false | base | There are 150,000 criminals who have been convicted, have served a period in prison and been released early to be supervised in the community by the governments probation service. A small proportion while on probation commit further offences, including very serious crimes. Offenders on probation have been convicted of ... | A premise of the passage is that the probation service is failing to properly supervise dangerous criminals. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 42.15 | {"gold_score": 42.15, "coherence_depth": 0.16, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 20, "logic_density": 2.36, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3822, "reasoning_segments": 258, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-6ff90ee6a5d5 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 乡间公路上发生一起车祸，肇事司机是位女性。据这位女司机介绍，当时她发现路边有一餐馆所以准备停车用餐，误将油门当刹车，汽车径直向前撞向路边车辆，连撞两车后方才停下，万幸的是车上乘客仅受轻伤。有目击者对这起车祸做出如下评论：女司机更容易出车祸。
以下哪项如果为真，最能质疑上述评论：
I. 有的男司机开车时比较敏捷和果断，很少出车祸
II. 有的女司机开车时比较细心和冷静，很少出车祸
III. 肇事司机已有8年驾龄，技术娴熟，以前从未出过车祸
IV. 女司机各有不同，对肇事女司机不能轻率概括、以偏概全 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 I", "B. IV \u4e3a\u771f", "C. \u4ec5 II", "D. \u4ec5 III", "E. III \u6216 I"] | ["B"] | IV | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 55.18 | LOGI-6ff90ee6a5d5 | {"gold_score": 55.18, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.9, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 29, "logic_density": 0.92, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 1.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.3, "thinking_length": 1256, "reasoning_segments": 77, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-0474dde29ef4 | combinatorial | true | Easy | 研究发现玛雅统治阶级日益青睐玉米食物。公元800年左右多次旱灾严重影响玉米收成，研究者认为过度偏重玉米的农业结构导致玛雅文明灭亡。
最不能削弱上述论证的是：
I. 中底层不以玉米为主食
II. 旱灾同样影响水稻收成
III. 公元800年受外族入侵
IV. 严重旱灾时玉米仍能维持部分人口 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 II", "B. \u4ec5 IV", "C. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "D. \u4ec5 III"] | ["A"] | II | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 4, "n_correct": 1, "operators": ["EXACT"], "tier": "Easy"} | Easy | 126.09 | LOGI-0474dde29ef4 | {"gold_score": 126.09, "coherence_depth": 0.23, "cognitive_entropy": 0.98, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 71, "logic_density": 3.45, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.6, "thinking_length": 10711, "reasoning_segments": 788, "is_h... |
LOGI-64e12ec7c56e | base | false | base | Company parking spaces (CEO, President, VP, Secretary, Treasurer) with colored cars (yellow, green, purple, red, blue). Rules: First space red; Blue between red and green; Last space purple; Secretary drives yellow; Alice next to David; Enid drives green; Bert between Cheryl and Enid; David in last space. | What color is the vice-president's car? | ["A. green", "B. yellow", "C. blue", "D. purple", "E. red"] | "A" | deductive | argument analysis | {} | 77.31 | {"gold_score": 77.31, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 47, "logic_density": 0.86, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 19746, "reasoning_segments": 1034, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-505cdfb4c5eb | combinatorial | true | Expert | '小T小T，请帮我开灯，小T小T，我心情不好，给我讲个笑话吧。小T小T，请在月底提醒我，妈妈的生日快到了……'如今，各式各样的智能机器人层出不穷，人工智能通过语音识别和机器学习来模拟人的行为，给人们提供工作和生活上的便利（论据）。多位专家预测，面向家庭日常使用的人工智能机器人，将超过服务于传统制造业和物流业的机器人，成为下一个爆发式增长的市场（结论）。
以下选项如果为真，最能质疑专家预测的是：
I. 人工智能机器人的研发制造工序繁杂，生产周期较长，很难实现大规模量产
II. 人工智能机器人虽然层出不穷，但各品牌机器人的质量参差不齐，家庭用户评价褒贬不一
III. 面向家庭的人工智能机器人看上去髙端，但与实际需求落差大，若要'更像人类... | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u975e IV", "B. III \u6216 I", "C. II \u6216 I", "D. IV \u6216 I", "E. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "F. \u4ec5 II"] | ["A", "B"] | III | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 6, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Expert"} | Expert | 44.2 | LOGI-505cdfb4c5eb | {"gold_score": 44.2, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 25, "logic_density": 0.93, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 1939, "reasoning_segments": 107, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-9d9209f6ae7b | base | false | base | Copper is usually used for the voice coil, however other metallic elements such as aluminium can also be utilised. The voice coil wire can be circular, rectangular or even hexagonal. A range of various voice coil wires are used in order to give different volume coverage, within a magnetic gap. The voice coil is positio... | Voice coil wires come in various geometrical shapes, such as circular in a two dimensional figure with five sides and five equal angles, or they can be a four sided plane figure with four right angles | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 67.02 | {"gold_score": 67.02, "coherence_depth": 0.08, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 38, "logic_density": 1.22, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 5004, "reasoning_segments": 224, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-7fcfe7c55360 | combinatorial | true | Hard | 科学家经过大量研究发现，一个人的睡姿与其性格有着密切的关系。比如习惯胎儿式睡姿的人，在日常生活中缺乏安全感，渴望得到保护，同时戒备心比较重；习惯仰卧式睡姿的人，他们通常自信、坚强；习惯侧卧式睡姿的人，通常性格比较急躁，做事缺乏灵活性。
以下如果哪项为真，最能质疑科学家的观点：
I. 睡姿和微表情一样都是人潜在心理的印证，是人格特征的间接表现方式
II. 睡姿和生理功能密切相关，如孕妇大多采用侧卧式睡姿
III. 医生通常建议采用右侧卧式睡姿，因为这样能够有效避免压迫心脏
IV. 在成长的过程中，一个人的睡姿通常会发生较大的改变 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u975e III", "B. \u4ec5 IV", "C. II \u6216 IV", "D. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "E. II \u6216 III"] | ["A", "C", "E"] | II | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 3, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 62.14 | LOGI-7fcfe7c55360 | {"gold_score": 62.14, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 34, "logic_density": 2.78, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 1411, "reasoning_segments": 96, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-58d058efd3ff | combinatorial | true | Hard | 依靠供给足够丰富的棋谱样本，人工智能设备就能够通过机器学习掌握如何下棋并且战胜一流的棋手。现在，人工智能设备没有战胜一流棋手，可见供学习的棋谱样本不够丰富。
在下列各项中选出与上述推理结构最为相似的一项：
I. 阳光和水分充足，水果就一定能长得好。这个苹果长不好，看来一定是阳光和水分都不充足。
II. 所有的生物都是有寿命的。细菌也是生物，因此肯定是有寿命的。
III. 努力必然成功。我没有成功，必定不够努力。
IV. 如果因为刮台风要停课，学生就一定会提前接到通知。学生没有提前接到通知，可见今天没有停课。 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u53ea\u6709 III", "B. \u4ec5 II", "C. \u975e II", "D. II \u6216 I", "E. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb"] | ["A", "C"] | III | analogical | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 206.25 | LOGI-58d058efd3ff | {"gold_score": 206.25, "coherence_depth": 0.22, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 126, "logic_density": 3.28, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 8967, "reasoning_segments": 839, "is_hi... |
LOGI-4a92e6400b74 | base | false | base | Stockholm syndrome is an interesting phenomenon that sometimes happens to people who have been kidnapped or held hostage. They may feel some loyalty or attraction towards the person that has kidnapped them. This phenomenon was named after a bank robbery in Stockholm, Sweden in 1973. Four bank workers were kept hostage ... | The bank workers hugged and kissed their kidnappers because the criminals forced them to.3. Stockholm syndrome is useful to understand for crisis negotiation. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 85.99 | {"gold_score": 85.99, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.84, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 47, "logic_density": 1.62, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 1.0, "thinking_length": 9275, "reasoning_segments": 381, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-9366129cdd53 | base | false | base | Whilst high visibility crime such as night-time drunken disturbance has increased, total urban and rural crime, both reported and unreported, has fallen over the last two years, yet people feel less safe, believing that the converse is the case. This fall in crime has coincided with a drop in the number of police offic... | Reducing the number of police officer has led to a reduction in crime. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 75.37 | {"gold_score": 75.37, "coherence_depth": 0.14, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 35, "logic_density": 2.17, "dim_awareness": 4.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2277, "reasoning_segments": 115, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-a06152dc674d | combinatorial | true | Medium | Pointing to a photograph, X said, 'She is the only daughter of the father of my mother.'
How is X related to the person?
I. Daughter
II. Son
III. Nephew
IV. Cannot be decided | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 II", "B. \u4ec5 III", "C. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "D. IV \u6216 I", "E. \u4ec5 I"] | ["A"] | II | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": ["EXACT"], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 75.51 | LOGI-a06152dc674d | {"gold_score": 75.51, "coherence_depth": 0.26, "cognitive_entropy": 0.6, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 41, "logic_density": 3.85, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 6956, "reasoning_segments": 546, "is_high_... |
LOGI-3d227de99f82 | combinatorial | true | Easy | Ms. Forest likes to let her students choose who their partners will be; however, no pair of students may work together more than seven class periods in a row. Adam and Baxter have studied together seven class periods in a row. Carter and Dennis have worked together three class periods in a row. Carter does not want to ... | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 IV", "B. \u4ec5 III", "C. \u53ea\u6709 I", "D. \u4ec5 II"] | ["C"] | I | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 4, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Easy"} | Easy | 37.92 | LOGI-3d227de99f82 | {"gold_score": 37.92, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 17, "logic_density": 2.82, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 3185, "reasoning_segments": 227, "is_high_q... |
LOGI-255d11e78f8a | base | false | base | Sometimes called network marketing, multi-level marketing (MLM) is a form of sales whereby products are sold directly to customers using relationship referrals. In this hierarchical sales model, sales people receive a commission not only on their own sales, but also on the sales of those distributors they have recruite... | MLMs are fundamentally flawed because nobody makes any money. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 45.73 | {"gold_score": 45.73, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 19, "logic_density": 0.83, "dim_awareness": 3.0, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 3041, "reasoning_segments": 131, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-7050155420c1 | base | false | base | Politician: Some of my opponents have argued on theoretical grounds in favor of reducing social spending. Instead of arguing that there is excessive public expenditure on social programs, my opponents should focus on the main cause of deficit spending: the fact that government is bloated with bureaucrats and self-aggra... | A reasoning flaw in the politician's argument is that the argument | ["A. does not address the arguments advanced by the politician's opponents", "B. makes an attack on the character of opponents", "C. takes for granted that deficit spending has just one cause", "D. portrays opponents' views as more extreme than they really are", "E. fails to make clear what counts as excessive spending... | "A" | abductive | argument analysis | {} | 42.77 | {"gold_score": 42.77, "coherence_depth": 0.17, "cognitive_entropy": 0.16, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 2.54, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 4530, "reasoning_segments": 247, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-c9b9593ac6b9 | combinatorial | true | Expert | 在某次电子产品促销会中，某款电子产品特别受消费者欢迎。促销会负责人总结经验时说，看来只有投入了大量广告费用做宣传的电子产品才有好的市场接受度。
以下哪项如果为真，最能质疑负责人的论述：
I. 某款电子产品的外观设计增加了更多科技元素，尽管没有做广告宣传，仍然受到市场欢迎
II. 最关注电子产品的广告群体是青年人，而参加此次促销会的消费者恰好青年人多
III. 某款电子产品投入了大量广告费用做宣传，但由于其价格过高，并不受市场欢迎
IV. 某些电子产品投入了大量广告费用做宣传，但是实际上并不具备所宣传的部分功能 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. III \u6216 II", "B. II \u6216 III", "C. IV \u6216 II", "D. I \u6216 II", "E. \u975e IV", "F. \u975e III \u4e14\u975e IV"] | ["D", "E", "F"] | I | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 6, "n_correct": 3, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Expert"} | Expert | 69.23 | LOGI-c9b9593ac6b9 | {"gold_score": 69.23, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.9, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 40, "logic_density": 1.45, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 2203, "reasoning_segments": 146, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-b0e3d559d228 | base | false | base | The Delhi government has proposed an odd/even formula for cars. The cars with odd number plate and even number plate will play on roads on alternate days. The move is planned to be rolled out from January 1, 2016. | People of Delhi will buy two cars. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | abductive | textual entailment | {} | 47.26 | {"gold_score": 47.26, "coherence_depth": 0.27, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 4.09, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 1207, "reasoning_segments": 71, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-42f42e5ddcf9 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 某企业计划组织员工参观文化馆、档案馆和博物馆，但由于时间有限，这三个场馆不能都去。3名员工建议：甲说最多去其中一个；乙说两个都应该参观；丙说今年不去文化馆。只有1名员工的建议被采纳。
则下列判断必然正确的是：
I. 该企业一定去了档案馆
II. 该企业一定没去档案馆
III. 该企业一定去了博物馆
IV. 该企业一定没去博物馆 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 I", "B. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "C. I \u6216 III", "D. II \u4e3a\u771f", "E. III \u6216 I"] | ["D"] | II | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 262.3 | LOGI-42f42e5ddcf9 | {"gold_score": 262.3, "coherence_depth": 0.14, "cognitive_entropy": 0.66, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 166, "logic_density": 2.13, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.6, "thinking_length": 27164, "reasoning_segments": 2211, "is_h... |
LOGI-632ef205836b | base | false | base | Ten new television shows appeared during the month of September. Five of the shows were sitcoms, three were hour-long dramas, and two were news-magazine shows. By January, only seven of these new shows were still on the air. Five of the shows that remained were sitcoms. | Television viewers prefer sitcoms over hour-long dramas. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | situational judgement | {} | 62.72 | {"gold_score": 62.72, "coherence_depth": 0.2, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 31, "logic_density": 3.04, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2811, "reasoning_segments": 169, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-37a0c9771130 | base | false | base | Some computers are machines. Some machines are boards. All boards are chalks. | Some chalks are computers. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 46.43 | {"gold_score": 46.43, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 24, "logic_density": 1.64, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3402, "reasoning_segments": 213, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-9b702c7f5a5e | base | false | base | NASA, the US space agency, announced plans to return to the moon in 15 years and the plan is to stay. It was 1972 when the last people stepped on the moon. The next time an astronaut walks there he or she is most likely to visit the polar region rather than the equatorial zone, the site of all previous missions. The po... | The last manned mission to the moon in 1972 included a women astronaut. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 53.8 | {"gold_score": 53.8, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 0.72, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 28, "logic_density": 1.97, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3864, "reasoning_segments": 254, "is_high_qu... | |||
LOGI-ab3a3a748de1 | combinatorial | true | Hard | Ten new television shows appeared during the month of September. Five of the shows were sitcoms, three were hour-long dramas, and two were news-magazine shows. By January, only seven of these new shows were still on the air. Five of the shows that remained were sitcoms.
Which statement must be true according to the giv... | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 IV", "B. \u975e IV", "C. \u4ec5 III", "D. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "E. \u975e I"] | ["B", "C", "E"] | III | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 3, "operators": ["EXACT", "NOT"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 40.95 | LOGI-ab3a3a748de1 | {"gold_score": 40.95, "coherence_depth": 0.15, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 2.19, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 3169, "reasoning_segments": 146, "is_high_q... |
LOGI-89f227fa1948 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 面试是公司招聘的一个不可取代的环节，因为通过面试，公司可以了解应聘者的能力，那些能力不适合公司需求的应聘者将被淘汰。
以下哪项是上述论证最可能假设的：
I. 面试的唯一目的是了解应聘者的能力
II. 能力是确定是否录用应聘者的最主要因素
III. 只有经验丰富的面试官才能通过面试准确把握应聘者的能力
IV. 应聘者的能力很难通过招聘的其他环节展示 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u53ea\u6709 IV", "B. \u4ec5 I", "C. II \u6216 I", "D. III \u6216 I", "E. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb"] | ["A"] | IV | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 59.58 | LOGI-89f227fa1948 | {"gold_score": 59.58, "coherence_depth": 0.29, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 29, "logic_density": 4.32, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3116, "reasoning_segments": 237, "is_high_q... |
LOGI-62fb98373586 | combinatorial | true | Expert | 小李、小张、小马、小王在一起讨论N地区的廉租房建设情况：小李说：'N地区的廉租房建设得都不错。'小张说：'N地区没有廉租房建设得好。'小马说：'N地区有的廉租房建设得不好。'小王说：'N地区还是有廉租房建设得不错的。'
假如小张和小马都说错了，那么，可以推出：
I. 小李说错了
II. 小李和小王说错了
III. 小王说错了
IV. 小王说对了 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 III", "B. II \u6216 I", "C. \u975e I", "D. IV \u6216 II", "E. IV \u6216 III", "F. I \u6216 II"] | ["C", "D", "E"] | IV | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 6, "n_correct": 3, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Expert"} | Expert | 45.49 | LOGI-62fb98373586 | {"gold_score": 45.49, "coherence_depth": 0.03, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 22, "logic_density": 0.46, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2089, "reasoning_segments": 191, "is_hig... |
LOGI-ba2c2870bc6c | base | false | base | The Copernican model of the solar system, with the Earth and associated planets revolving around the Sun, was formulated in the middle of the stxteenth century. Nicolaus Copernicuss theory was the first heliocentric model of planetary motion, placing the sun at the centre. That said, his solar model retained the errone... | Nicolaus Coperntuss work in the 1600s had a profound effect on how the universe was understood. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 61.24 | {"gold_score": 61.24, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 35, "logic_density": 0.96, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 2089, "reasoning_segments": 105, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-6b2f96ca78fd | base | false | base | During the 1960s and 70s, terrorism was a contemporary subject due to the conflict between the UK government and the IRA. The Troubles (the name given to the violence) originated in the 1920s and eventually resulted in bombings on the streets of Northern Ireland and occasionally in England. The government felt that in ... | In the 1960s, policemen and soldiers all over Ulster were given the right to stop, question, search and arrest members of the public. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 65.7 | {"gold_score": 65.7, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 34, "logic_density": 1.96, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 7356, "reasoning_segments": 295, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-89df727bae05 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 某科研机构研发了一项神经刺激技术，他们在试验中对一批滑雪选手实施了该刺激，持续数周后发现，相比未接受刺激的选手，接受刺激选手的跳跃能力和协调性分别提高了10%和15%。本国体育部门计划与该机构合作，在滑雪运动员的训练、比赛中推广使用这一技术。
以下哪项为真，最能质疑该国体育部门的计划：
I. 未接受刺激的运动员通过正常训练也能提高跳跃能力和协调性
II. 这项合作会增加该国体育部门的经费支出
III. 该国是传统滑雪强国，滑雪成绩长期处于世界领先地位
IV. 这项技术会降低运动员的专注力，而专注力是能力发挥的前提 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 II", "B. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "C. III \u6216 I", "D. IV \u4e3a\u771f", "E. II \u6216 I"] | ["D"] | IV | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 41.05 | LOGI-89df727bae05 | {"gold_score": 41.05, "coherence_depth": 0.12, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 1.74, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 995, "reasoning_segments": 61, "is_high_qua... |
LOGI-44f34ade09c0 | base | false | base | The cost of stamp duty for the average house purchase has more than doubled since 1997. In some towns the bills have risen by more than 10,000. Four successive rises in the tax on house purchases and the introduction of incremental bands, with the highest a 4% band for homes valued over 500,000, have sharply increased ... | In some towns the cost of stamp duty on a house purchased in 1997 was less than 5,000. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 99.83 | {"gold_score": 99.83, "coherence_depth": 0.18, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 59, "logic_density": 2.65, "dim_awareness": 3.0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 3.5, "thinking_length": 12125, "reasoning_segments": 717, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-f189f1c869b6 | base | false | base | If you choose to go to the theatre, stay in a hotel or catch a plane at one of the more popular times, it is usual for you to be charged the highest price. An influential report recently suggested that this principle should be extended to other activities, including essentials such as transport. If its recommendations ... | You can infer from the passage that, to work, the proposal would require a charge for both the number of miles travelled and the time of the journey. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 50.99 | {"gold_score": 50.99, "coherence_depth": 0.15, "cognitive_entropy": 0.84, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 26, "logic_density": 2.24, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 4340, "reasoning_segments": 265, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-e333459b1361 | combinatorial | true | Medium | Here are some words translated from an artificial language: hamomone means last minute, hamomoze means last word, halligun means goodness
Which word could mean wordiness?
I. mozegun
II. hallimoze
III. monemoze
IV. mozehalli | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 IV", "B. I \u6216 III", "C. IV \u6216 II", "D. \u4ec5 II", "E. \u4ec5 III"] | ["B"] | I | inductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": ["OR"], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 39.04 | LOGI-e333459b1361 | {"gold_score": 39.04, "coherence_depth": 0.07, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 1.1, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 6237, "reasoning_segments": 460, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-29838f8698cf | base | false | base | Some of the most philanthropic companies in the United States are shunning the limelight. Philanthropy can also be known as compassion, charity, and generosity. Such figures are gathered and published by The Chronicle of Philanthropy. The list of charitable companies is topped by pharmaceutical companies, the lead of w... | Leading US companies gave an average of over one per cent of their profits. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 97.81 | {"gold_score": 97.81, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 0.54, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 55, "logic_density": 1.96, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 8073, "reasoning_segments": 483, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-c8ec0721545a | base | false | base | What determines whether a product will succeed or fail? In 1990, six out of ten new products lasted for less than three months in the marketplace. In 2007, two out of ten succeeded. These products are all promoted and great emphasis is placed on brand and logo. Still, most fail and manufacturers must go a bit further i... | Given that the worlds population is around 8 billion people, the passage suggests that approaching 5 billion people will recognize the Nokia ring tone. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 60.14 | {"gold_score": 60.14, "coherence_depth": 0.15, "cognitive_entropy": 0.84, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 33, "logic_density": 2.19, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5131, "reasoning_segments": 231, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-b83abf1a0940 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 研究人员发现，摄入高盐饮食的小鼠对抗由大肠杆菌引起的肾脏感染和由李斯特细菌引发的全身感染的能力较弱。随后，他们在正常饮食基础上，每天给10名20至50岁的健康男女额外增加6克盐。一周后，与服用额外食盐之前相比，这些人体内一些免疫细胞（中性粒细胞）吞噬和杀死细菌的能力大大受损。研究人员得出结论，高盐饮食可能损害人体抵抗细菌感染的能力。
以下哪项不能支持上述结论：
I. 当人体内盐含量高时，尿素会积聚在肾脏内，而尿素会抑制中性粒细胞
II. 对50岁以上有基础疾病的男女进行相同的研究发现，男性因高盐饮食造成的疾病负担高于女性
III. 摄入过量盐分时，身体会释放激素，使人体排泄更多盐。这些激素包括皮质激素，具有抑制全身免疫系统的副作用
... | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "B. II \u4e3a\u771f", "C. IV \u6216 I", "D. III \u6216 I", "E. \u4ec5 III"] | ["B"] | II | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 40.26 | LOGI-b83abf1a0940 | {"gold_score": 40.26, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.3, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 22, "logic_density": 1.7, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.0, "thinking_length": 2903, "reasoning_segments": 164, "is_high_qua... |
LOGI-f8592acac944 | base | false | base | Fact 1: Eyeglass frames cost between $35 and $350. Fact 2: Some eyegglass frames are made of titanium. Fact 3: Some eyeglass frames are made of plastic. | Only a few eyeglass frames cost less than $35. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 65.4 | {"gold_score": 65.4, "coherence_depth": 0.18, "cognitive_entropy": 0.84, "abductive_strength": 0.6, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 32, "logic_density": 2.7, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 4238, "reasoning_segments": 250, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-781dead27904 | base | false | base | From October 2006, The Employment Equality (age) Regulations make it illegal to discriminate against workers, employers, jobseekers and trainees due to their age. Direct discrimination is set out in the regulations, and states that it is unlawful, on the grounds of age, to come to a decision about employing someone or ... | The act will allow a 75 year old to be in employment | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 64.15 | {"gold_score": 64.15, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 32, "logic_density": 2.85, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5957, "reasoning_segments": 289, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-c3e9b18b0285 | base | false | base | Stevens' Supplies, one of the oldest established home shopping companies, is stepping up the capacity of its telephone order handling system and its customer service levels, having invested in a new telephone system.The company has reported a dramatic increase in the amount of business done, especially over the telepho... | Telephone ordering at Stevens' Supplies will continue to grow over the next few years. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 44.52 | {"gold_score": 44.52, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 0.54, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 22, "logic_density": 1.94, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.4, "thinking_length": 3925, "reasoning_segments": 181, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-d143a2a6ec6a | base | false | base | "Music is natural medicine" is coded as "5#U 2^I 7&A 8*E"
"Eating vegetable makes healthy" is coded as "6$E 9=E 5#A 7&E"
"Health and Money balance" is coded as "6$E 3%A 5#O 7&A"
"Life extra wonderful now" is coded as "4@I 5#E 9=O 3%O" | What would be the code for "Climatic condition"? | ["A. 8*J 9=O", "B. 9*I 8=O", "C. 8*J 9=P", "D. 8*I 9=O", "E. Can't be determined"] | "D" | inductive | coding and decoding | {} | 46.62 | {"gold_score": 46.62, "coherence_depth": 0.03, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 27, "logic_density": 0.39, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 8533, "reasoning_segments": 676, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-ac2c7126dfea | base | false | base | Total stocks of most minerals in the earths crust are still large in relation to the current rates of use, and a high proportion of the minerals that are consumed in the production process could, in principle, be recycled. The technological and financial constraints on recycling such concentrations of minerals are cons... | It is wrong to assume that the substitution of abundant for scarce resources will create insurmountable technical problems on every occasion. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 45.5 | {"gold_score": 45.5, "coherence_depth": 0.08, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 26, "logic_density": 1.17, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 2678, "reasoning_segments": 131, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-726779fe2974 | base | false | base | In the 1950s, nitrates preservative used in processed meats and occurring naturally in green foods were linked to stomach cancer. More recently, biologists are claiming a positive role for dietary nitrates. Concerns were first raised when high doses of a nitrate compound commonly present in the stomach were found to ca... | Dietary nitrate, far from being a risk to health, is in fact an important natural defence against infections. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 51.72 | {"gold_score": 51.72, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.72, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 26, "logic_density": 1.55, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 1.0, "thinking_length": 5927, "reasoning_segments": 274, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-3734b6d0ebab | base | false | base | Unless companies have some knowledge of buyer behaviour, they would be unaware of and unfamiliar with the complex range of behavioural factors that impinge upon purchasing behaviour. The truth is that, like much of human behaviour, purchase behaviour is complex and multi-faceted. Even the simplest of purchasing decisio... | Even if one could predict the behaviour of an individual buyer, it would not be profitable for marketers to try to do so. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 67.71 | {"gold_score": 67.71, "coherence_depth": 0.15, "cognitive_entropy": 0.48, "abductive_strength": 0.6, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 37, "logic_density": 2.32, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 6002, "reasoning_segments": 213, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-f34c5ec35b60 | combinatorial | true | Easy | 关于小李、小王和小苗能否考取研究所的4种猜测：①小李能考取 ②小王能→小苗能 ③小王或小李能 ④小王能。事后证明只有一种是对的。
根据以上信息，可以得出：
I. 小李考取了
II. 小苗没有考取
III. 小苗考取了
IV. 小李没有考取 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 III", "B. \u4ec5 I", "C. \u4ec5 II", "D. \u53ea\u6709 IV"] | ["D"] | IV | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 4, "n_correct": 1, "operators": [], "tier": "Easy"} | Easy | 77.84 | LOGI-f34c5ec35b60 | {"gold_score": 77.84, "coherence_depth": 0.18, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 45, "logic_density": 2.72, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 2.0, "thinking_length": 6421, "reasoning_segments": 626, "is_high... |
LOGI-8b36b2941335 | combinatorial | true | Hard | 在国家发展新兴产业的大背景下，某公司虽然在某产业长期处于领先地位，但上半年的生产数据显示，领先优势越来越小，在邀请专家进行企业诊断后，专家认为该公司领先优势缩小的原因在于公司虽然管理制度健全，但由于企业文化缺乏进取心，导致在好的政策环境下公司发展趋缓。
以下哪项如果为真，不能反驳专家的观点：
I. 相较沿海地区同类公司受益于健全的产业链，公司处于内地，其发展有所受限
II. 发展趋缓的原因在于长期以来公司下半年的生产数据一般高于上半年
III. 公司一直注重加强企业文化建设，形成了和谐的企业氛围
IV. 企业文化并不是一个公司的核心竞争力，关键问题在于新产品研发力度不够 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u975e II", "B. III \u6216 IV", "C. I \u6216 II", "D. \u4ec5 II", "E. \u4ec5 IV"] | ["A", "B"] | III | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 64.89 | LOGI-8b36b2941335 | {"gold_score": 64.89, "coherence_depth": 0.17, "cognitive_entropy": 0.34, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 33, "logic_density": 2.62, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 2786, "reasoning_segments": 210, "is_high... |
LOGI-87ae061b0dd2 | base | false | base | Friskies is an animal rescue centre based in the East End of London. It operates on a donations basis, gaining financial support from the local community. However, due to the current economic climate, Friskies has noticed a reduction in the amount of funds it receives. For this reason, they have decided to host a fund-... | Friskies will be selling food, such as cakes, on the open day. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 48.46 | {"gold_score": 48.46, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.96, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 23, "logic_density": 1.65, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.7, "thinking_length": 6459, "reasoning_segments": 391, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-2b77444b6ce8 | base | false | base | Curator: Our museum displays only twentieth-century works, which are either on loan from private collectors or in the museum's permanent collection. Prints of all of the latter works are available in the museum store. The museum store also sells prints of some works that are not part of the museum's permanent collectio... | If the curator's statements are true, which one of the following must be true? | ["A. Every print in the museum store is of a work that is either on loan to the museum from a private collector or part of the museum's permanent collection.", "B. Every print that is sold in the museum store is a copy of a twentieth-century work.", "C. There are prints in the museum store of every work that is display... | "C" | deductive | argument analysis | {} | 43.03 | {"gold_score": 43.03, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.18, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 27, "logic_density": 1.53, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 4.5, "thinking_length": 8047, "reasoning_segments": 345, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-06d9e2898e7d | base | false | base | In a certain code language, 'speak nicely to all' is coded as 'ka cu ma he', 'all are like us' is coded as 'si fo he to', 'teach us lesson nicely' is coded as 'po ma fo re', 'lesson like all humans' is coded as 'he re gu si'. | ["A. si", "B. to", "C. fo", "D. Either A or B", "E. Can't be determined"] | "B" | inductive | coding and decoding | {} | 180.8 | {"gold_score": 180.8, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.33, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 115, "logic_density": 1.69, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 20148, "reasoning_segments": 1288, "is_hig... | ||||
LOGI-fb646f1f5a13 | base | false | base | At 3 am on 15 November the body of a young private soldier, Peter Adams, was found 25 kilometres south of Darlington, beside the railway line from Edinburgh to London. He was absent without leave from his army base where he was due to face a disciplinary hearing. A wallet found on his person contained a small sum of mo... | The relationship Private Adams was having with Susan was the sole cause of the quarrel between him and Mike Finnegan. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | situational judgement | {} | 40.47 | {"gold_score": 40.47, "coherence_depth": 0.09, "cognitive_entropy": 0.6, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 1.37, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.5, "thinking_length": 4887, "reasoning_segments": 235, "is_high_qu... | |||
LOGI-160acb27916a | combinatorial | true | Medium | 冰雪旅游是利用冰雪气候资源体验冰雪文化的旅游活动，包括冰雪观光演艺、运动竞技等内容。H地区冰雪旅游开展了五年，调查显示：在近万名受访者中，有90%的人曾以不同形式体验过冰雪旅游，平均每年有65%的人体验过1～2次冰雪旅游，有25%的人体验过3～4次，且这一比例逐年升高。这说明H地区冰雪旅游的需求较高，常态化多次消费正成为H地区越来越多人的选择。
以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱上述结论：
I. 参与调查的受访者几乎都是了解或喜爱冰雪旅游的年轻人
II. 近五年，H地区冰雪旅游产业的年均投资额接近，没有增加
III. H地区位于北半球北部，冬季较长，许多游客会来此体验冰雪旅游
IV. 为扩大宣传，H地区许多冰雪项目会推出优惠组合套餐，吸引人... | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 III", "B. II \u6216 III", "C. \u4ec5 I", "D. IV \u6216 II", "E. \u53ea\u6709 I"] | ["C", "E"] | I | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["EXACT"], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 432.61 | LOGI-160acb27916a | {"gold_score": 432.61, "coherence_depth": 0.25, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 5, "pivot_count": 274, "logic_density": 3.7, "dim_awareness": 3.0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.6, "thinking_length": 28838, "reasoning_segments": 1773, "is_hi... |
LOGI-5c94dd0c5b9d | base | false | base | The traditional view, that gaining a degree will provide long-term employment security, has been questioned. The traditional story goes that to get ahead in society, one must spend three to four years and, in most cases, accumulate debt along the way. To leave school with no further education is to gain an unsatisfying... | There has been a decrease in the number of people going to university | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 51.68 | {"gold_score": 51.68, "coherence_depth": 0.07, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 29, "logic_density": 1.05, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 1472, "reasoning_segments": 82, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-03828da413de | base | false | base | All flats are buildings. All buildings are bungalows. All bungalows are apartments. | Some bungalows are flats. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 45.78 | {"gold_score": 45.78, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 19, "logic_density": 2.91, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 5598, "reasoning_segments": 310, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-c818a4bd7173 | base | false | base | Pink ladies.In 1973, the antipodean John Cripps cross-bred the Australian Lady Williams apple with the American Golden Delicious to combine the best features of both apples in the Cripps Pink. Today it is one of the best-known varieties of apples and is grown extensively in Australia and New Zealand, and in California ... | The Pink LadyTM is equally as popular as the SundownerTM. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 53.73 | {"gold_score": 53.73, "coherence_depth": 0.09, "cognitive_entropy": 0.42, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 27, "logic_density": 1.36, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 6792, "reasoning_segments": 216, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-99c0477a5c5d | base | false | base | Interviewer: A certain company released a model of computer whose microprocessor design was flawed, making that computer liable to process information incorrectly. How did this happen? Industry spokesperson: Given the huge number of circuits in the microprocessor of any modern computer, not every circuit can be manuall... | The industry spokesperson's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it | ["A. presumes, without providing justification, that the microprocessor quality-control procedures of the company mentioned are not representative of those followed throughout the industry", "B. ignores the possibility that a microprocessor can have a flaw other than a design flaw", "C. overlooks the possibility that a... | "E" | abductive | argument analysis | {} | 129.86 | {"gold_score": 129.86, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 78, "logic_density": 2.79, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 5660, "reasoning_segments": 363, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-113e6f275402 | base | false | base | The worlds population is growing by about 70 million people a year but the increase is uneven, with some nations populations growing rapidly and others decreasing. Among the industrialized nations, only the United States will experience significant growth by 2050, while Europe is expected to have 60 million fewer peopl... | In all but one case the nations due to experience significant growth in their populations are not industrial. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 120.06 | {"gold_score": 120.06, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 74, "logic_density": 1.93, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 2.1, "thinking_length": 13109, "reasoning_segments": 582, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-ffcebe93ecc8 | combinatorial | true | Easy | Here are some words translated from an artificial language: migenlasan means cupboard, lasanpoen means boardwalk, cuopdansa means pullman
Which word could mean walkway?
I. poenmigen
II. cuopeisel
III. lasandansa
IV. poenforc | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 IV", "B. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "C. \u4ec5 II", "D. \u4ec5 I"] | ["A"] | IV | inductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 4, "n_correct": 1, "operators": ["EXACT"], "tier": "Easy"} | Easy | 85.96 | LOGI-ffcebe93ecc8 | {"gold_score": 85.96, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 0.3, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 50, "logic_density": 1.93, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 8282, "reasoning_segments": 533, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-75d59f7057e0 | base | false | base | Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is the widespread name for a disorder that is also called Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), but many sufferers object to the name CFS on grounds that it is does not reflect the severity of the illness. While profound fatigue is one symptom of this debilitating condition, there are many othe... | CFS is a severely debilitating condition for 17 million people worldwide | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 45.24 | {"gold_score": 45.24, "coherence_depth": 0.09, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 1.42, "dim_awareness": 3.0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.1, "thinking_length": 3136, "reasoning_segments": 114, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-c02887945146 | combinatorial | true | Expert | 某工厂的生产线会排放大量废弃物导致大气污染，为了迫使该工厂改变生产流程，减少污染，当地居民决定对该厂销量最大的产品——荧光灯进行联合抵制。因为居民们认为对销售量最大的产品进行抵制能够最大程度地降低该厂的利润。
以下哪项如果为真，最能质疑上述推论：
I. 联合抵制行动仅考虑产品的销售量，无法推断其相应的利润
II. 联合抵制行动没有考虑该工厂改变生产流程的可能途径等信息
III. 联合抵制行动没有涉及可以使得该工厂改变生产流程的其他方法
IV. 居民通过联合抵制的方式，想要达到目的需要花费很长时间 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "B. I \u6216 III", "C. \u4ec5 III", "D. III \u6216 II", "E. \u975e II \u4e14\u975e IV", "F. \u4ec5 IV"] | ["B", "E"] | I | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 6, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT", "OR"], "tier": "Expert"} | Expert | 50.82 | LOGI-c02887945146 | {"gold_score": 50.82, "coherence_depth": 0.13, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 28, "logic_density": 2.0, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 1253, "reasoning_segments": 84, "is_high_qua... |
LOGI-fe81bb18ed30 | base | false | base | Fact 1: All hats have brims. Fact 2: There are black hats and blue hats. Fact 3: Baseball caps are hats. | All caps have brims. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 100.5 | {"gold_score": 100.5, "coherence_depth": 0.15, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.6, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 58, "logic_density": 2.27, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.4, "thinking_length": 14829, "reasoning_segments": 841, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-34a3ec43ecaf | base | false | base | The following passage provides information regarding the most popular type of foods in the United Kingdom. Such information has been compiled by the UK Foods Standards Agency since 1990 as part of an on-going project to encourage consumers to purchase healthier products, such as fruit and vegetables, whole grain foods ... | Since 1990, the UK Foods Standards Agency has discouraged the purchase of pack-items | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 56.15 | {"gold_score": 56.15, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 28, "logic_density": 1.48, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 7825, "reasoning_segments": 376, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-d525c13b3e05 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 4名直播员在5种花中选2种直播。已知：甲不选茶花和菊花；乙不选牡丹和玫瑰；只有丙选郁金香；4人选择各不相同。
基于上述条件，丁的选择是哪项：
I. 不选牡丹→选菊花
II. 不选茶花→选菊花
III. 不选茶花→选玫瑰
IV. 不选牡丹→选茶花 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ec5 II", "B. IV \u6216 I", "C. \u4ec5 III", "D. I \u6216 III", "E. II \u4e3a\u771f"] | ["A", "E"] | II | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["EXACT"], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 89.56 | LOGI-d525c13b3e05 | {"gold_score": 89.56, "coherence_depth": 0.2, "cognitive_entropy": 0.42, "abductive_strength": 0.9, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 46, "logic_density": 3.03, "dim_awareness": 3.0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.7, "thinking_length": 10083, "reasoning_segments": 812, "is_high... |
LOGI-7f43b8d1c943 | combinatorial | true | Medium | 没有哪位意图作弊的考生能够逃过监考员王老师的眼睛，因为每次王老师觉得考生状态不正常时，都能在考生身上找出违规携带的作弊物品。
以下如果为真，能够削弱上述论证的有：①无意携带作弊物品未被发现 ②未觉异常但发现作弊物品 ③故意携带作弊物品未被发现
I. 只有②
II. 只有③
III. ②和③
IV. ①和③ | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "B. I \u6216 III", "C. II \u6216 I", "D. \u4ec5 I", "E. \u4ec5 IV"] | ["C"] | II | abductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": ["OR"], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 66.05 | LOGI-7f43b8d1c943 | {"gold_score": 66.05, "coherence_depth": 0.2, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 1.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 36, "logic_density": 2.95, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 1.0, "thinking_length": 4455, "reasoning_segments": 339, "is_high_qu... |
LOGI-60aab430d6fe | base | false | base | The debate over the British Museums Parthenon sculptures, also called the Elgin Marbles, has run for nearly two centuries. Marble statues were removed with official permission from the ruins of the Parthenon in 1801 by Lord Elgin, the British Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire. He sold these ancient Greek treasures to ... | The only surviving marble statues from the Parthenon are divided between the British Museum and the New Acropolis Museum. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 43.06 | {"gold_score": 43.06, "coherence_depth": 0.07, "cognitive_entropy": 0.42, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 21, "logic_density": 1.03, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.6, "thinking_length": 5357, "reasoning_segments": 221, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-6bec29d7d4d6 | base | false | base | News reports for Friday 8 January indicate that an elderly woman was badly injured and rushed to hospital following a car accident, which occurred at approximately 9:20 am in a side street in West bridge, a suburb of Bradfield. The driver of the car was a middle- aged male who claimed that icy road conditions and braki... | The injuries of the woman rushed to the hospital would not have been sustained had she taken the trouble to fasten her seat belt. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | deductive | situational judgement | {} | 54.13 | {"gold_score": 54.13, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 0.48, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 26, "logic_density": 2.78, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.3, "thinking_length": 3987, "reasoning_segments": 203, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-07c8435bcbb9 | base | false | base | Some computers are machines. Some machines are boards. All boards are chalks. | No chalk is computer. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | syllogism | {} | 58.77 | {"gold_score": 58.77, "coherence_depth": 0.22, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 31, "logic_density": 3.24, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3511, "reasoning_segments": 264, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-a89c99373093 | base | false | base | Open-source software should not be confused with freeware, or software that is available to install free of charge. While most open-source software is free, there are many other criteria namely that the source code must be available to the general public via an open-source license, and that anyone is allowed to modify... | Open-source software is free, and is not released under a license. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 52.19 | {"gold_score": 52.19, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 30, "logic_density": 0.9, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.9, "thinking_length": 3798, "reasoning_segments": 170, "is_high_qu... | |||
LOGI-06e1155a3142 | base | false | base | According to the Business School Admission Council, last year applications for full-time MBA programmes declined at 75 per cent of educational mstitutions offermg the degree, with applications down by more than 20 per cent at over half of the schools surveyed. MBAs have traditionally been seen as a fast-track to higher... | The passage argues that there is no longer any value in attaining an MBA. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 43.86 | {"gold_score": 43.86, "coherence_depth": 0.04, "cognitive_entropy": 0.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 25, "logic_density": 0.64, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.6, "thinking_length": 1865, "reasoning_segments": 100, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-6e417315c11f | base | false | base | Significant advances in float furnace design and operation, in the development of glass compositions, and in the glass forming process itself have all played a role in the optimization of glass manufacturing. For example, thermodynamic modeling assists with the enhancement of glass composition and offers control over d... | Glass of a higher quality is produced when the float furnace is at its maximum temperature. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 57.33 | {"gold_score": 57.33, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.36, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 29, "logic_density": 1.57, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.4, "thinking_length": 4220, "reasoning_segments": 233, "is_high_... | |||
LOGI-c3e9b18b0285 | base | false | base | Stevens' Supplies, one of the oldest established home shopping companies, is stepping up the capacity of its telephone order handling system and its customer service levels, having invested in a new telephone system.The company has reported a dramatic increase in the amount of business done, especially over the telepho... | Telephone ordering at Stevens' Supplies will continue to grow over the next few years. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "C" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 67.04 | {"gold_score": 67.04, "coherence_depth": 0.18, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 3, "pivot_count": 39, "logic_density": 2.63, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 1.4, "thinking_length": 3364, "reasoning_segments": 192, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-b5fb7ebd5977 | base | false | base | The London to Brighton Veteran Car Run The Bonhams London to Brighton Veteran Car Run starts in Hyde Park, London on the first Sunday in November every year. The cars congregate from 6.00am with the first car departing at sunrise (6.56am) and the last car leaving from between 8.00am - 8.30am. Hyde Park is located in ce... | Travelling on the open top bus means you will get wet if it rains. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 54.07 | {"gold_score": 54.07, "coherence_depth": 0.11, "cognitive_entropy": 0.24, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 26, "logic_density": 1.64, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3341, "reasoning_segments": 176, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-b2eee63da3f0 | base | false | base | Environmental scientists rarely look back to see if their old forecasts were accurate and in some instances they offer such long-term predictions that we will all be dead long before the validity or falsehood of their calculations is established. In the 1970s scientists warned that a nuclear war, large meteorite strike... | The passage is written from the standpoint that foretelling the future is difficult and when people try to do it they are nearly always wrong. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | inductive | textual entailment | {} | 71.54 | {"gold_score": 71.54, "coherence_depth": 0.1, "cognitive_entropy": 0.18, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 41, "logic_density": 1.54, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 2826, "reasoning_segments": 112, "is_high_q... | |||
LOGI-aa7a03df89a3 | base | false | base | Wildlife management experts should not interfere with the natural habitats of creatures in the wild, because manipulating the environment to make it easier for an endangered species to survive in a habitat invariably makes it harder for nonendangered species to survive in that habitat. | The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it | ["A. fails to consider that wildlife management experts probably know best how to facilitate the survival of an endangered species in a habitat", "B. fails to recognize that a nonendangered species can easily become an endangered species", "C. overlooks the possibility that saving an endangered species in a habitat is ... | "E" | abductive | argument analysis | {} | 58.74 | {"gold_score": 58.74, "coherence_depth": 0.22, "cognitive_entropy": 0.12, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 31, "logic_density": 3.3, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 3692, "reasoning_segments": 192, "is_high_qu... | |||
LOGI-3e91e1122f69 | combinatorial | true | Hard | 选派条件：①甲→乙；②¬甲←¬丙；③¬丙⊕(¬乙∨¬戊)；④丙→丁。已知¬乙
正确选派：
I. 甲丙丁
II. ¬丙,丁戊
III. ¬甲,丙丁
IV. ¬甲¬丁¬戊 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. \u975e I", "B. \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5747\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb", "C. IV \u6216 I", "D. \u975e II", "E. \u4ec5 I"] | ["A", "D"] | III | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 2, "operators": ["NOT"], "tier": "Hard"} | Hard | 55.67 | LOGI-3e91e1122f69 | {"gold_score": 55.67, "coherence_depth": 0.21, "cognitive_entropy": 0.18, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 29, "logic_density": 3.1, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 4945, "reasoning_segments": 523, "is_high_q... |
LOGI-e76d978fcf56 | base | false | base | Life has been short for the one- and two-cent euro coins launched only three years ago. Faced with chronic shortages, the central banks of Denmark and Belgium have decided they have no alternative but to withdraw them and order retailers to round prices up or down to the nearest five cents, depending which is closest. ... | If there were not such a chronic shortage of the coins the Danish and Belgian central banks would not be withdrawing them. | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "A" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 47.79 | {"gold_score": 47.79, "coherence_depth": 0.22, "cognitive_entropy": 1.0, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 20, "logic_density": 3.29, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.25, "fallacy_risk": 0.5, "thinking_length": 4789, "reasoning_segments": 301, "is_high... | |||
LOGI-4cfa7305302d | combinatorial | true | Medium | 甲、乙、丙、丁四人参加某公司的招聘考试。小张认为：'不是甲被录取，就是乙被录取。'小李认为：'甲和丙两人都能被录取。'小王认为：'不能说如果丁被录取则丙被录取。'小赵认为：'丁不能被录取。'
如果上述四人中只有一人说错了，那么哪两人一定会被录取：
I. 乙、丁
II. 甲、乙
III. 丁、丙
IV. 甲、丙 | 以下哪项是正确的？ | ["A. III \u6216 I", "B. \u4ec5 I", "C. IV \u6216 II", "D. II \u6216 I", "E. I \u6216 II"] | ["C"] | IV | deductive | combinatorial_multi_select | {"n_options": 5, "n_correct": 1, "operators": ["OR"], "tier": "Medium"} | Medium | 40.7 | LOGI-4cfa7305302d | {"gold_score": 40.7, "coherence_depth": 0.19, "cognitive_entropy": 0.06, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 0.67, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 17, "logic_density": 2.9, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.5, "fallacy_risk": 0.5, "thinking_length": 2524, "reasoning_segments": 236, "is_high_... |
LOGI-21d7ee2bab33 | base | false | base | Applications are now being accepted for the following courses; advanced and foundation Danish, intermediate Ukrainian, advanced, intermediate and foundation Bulgarian, and finally intermediate and foundation Russian. All of the courses will include an Introductory Workshop, with the exception of the non-European langua... | The institution only teaches European languages | ["A. true", "B. false", "C. uncertain"] | "B" | deductive | textual entailment | {} | 57.08 | {"gold_score": 57.08, "coherence_depth": 0.12, "cognitive_entropy": 0.78, "abductive_strength": 0.0, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 4, "pivot_count": 27, "logic_density": 1.82, "dim_awareness": 1.5, "option_coverage": 0.75, "fallacy_risk": 0.0, "thinking_length": 5421, "reasoning_segments": 263, "is_hig... | |||
LOGI-334ea5ba483f | base | false | base | INTEREST : OBSESSION | ["A. mood : feeling", "B. weeping : sadness", "C. dream : fantasy", "D. plan : negation", "E. highlight : indication"] | "C" | analogical | textual entailment | {} | 52.87 | {"gold_score": 52.87, "coherence_depth": 0.06, "cognitive_entropy": 0.16, "abductive_strength": 0.3, "dialectic_quality": 1.0, "abstraction_level": 2, "pivot_count": 31, "logic_density": 0.96, "dim_awareness": 0, "option_coverage": 0.0, "fallacy_risk": 0.2, "thinking_length": 6231, "reasoning_segments": 426, "is_high_q... |
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