id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
57329c241d5d2e14009ff867 | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | In what year did Paris get a police force? | {
"answer_start": [
94
],
"text": [
"1667"
]
} |
57329c241d5d2e14009ff868 | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | Who created Paris's police force? | {
"answer_start": [
76
],
"text": [
"King Louis XIV"
]
} |
57329c241d5d2e14009ff869 | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | What was the largest European city in 1667? | {
"answer_start": [
121
],
"text": [
"Paris"
]
} |
57329c241d5d2e14009ff86a | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | What was the title of the head of Paris's police, in English? | {
"answer_start": [
286
],
"text": [
"lieutenant general of police"
]
} |
57329c241d5d2e14009ff86b | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | What was the title of the head of Paris's police, in French? | {
"answer_start": [
255
],
"text": [
"lieutenant général de police"
]
} |
5aceb7e132bba1001ae4b179 | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | In what year did Paris not get a police force? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb7e132bba1001ae4b17a | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | Who never created Paris's police force? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb7e132bba1001ae4b17b | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | What was the smallest European city in 1667? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb7e132bba1001ae4b17c | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | What was the largest European city in 1676? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb7e132bba1001ae4b17d | Police | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | What was the title of the bottom of Paris's police, in English? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
57329c9cd6dcfa19001e8a26 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | Who was Paris's first head of police? | {
"answer_start": [
30
],
"text": [
"Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie"
]
} |
57329c9cd6dcfa19001e8a27 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | How many commissioners worked under Reynie? | {
"answer_start": [
68
],
"text": [
"44"
]
} |
57329c9cd6dcfa19001e8a28 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | How many policing districts was Paris divided into? | {
"answer_start": [
262
],
"text": [
"16"
]
} |
57329c9cd6dcfa19001e8a29 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | When was Paris's police system expanded to the rest of France? | {
"answer_start": [
474
],
"text": [
"October 1699"
]
} |
57329c9cd6dcfa19001e8a2a | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | When were police inspectors added to Paris's police? | {
"answer_start": [
141
],
"text": [
"1709"
]
} |
5aceb87332bba1001ae4b195 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | Who was Paris's last head of police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb87332bba1001ae4b196 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | How many commissioners worked above Reynie? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb87332bba1001ae4b197 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | How many policing districts was France divided into? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb87332bba1001ae4b198 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | When was Paris's police system contracted to disclude rest of France? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb87332bba1001ae4b199 | Police | This office was first held by Gabriel Nicolas de la Reynie, who had 44 commissaires de police (police commissioners) under his authority. In 1709, these commissioners were assisted by inspecteurs de police (police inspectors). The city of Paris was divided into 16 districts policed by the commissaires, each assigned to... | When were police inspectors subtracted from Paris's police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
57329fe2cc179a14009dab86 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | When did the French language adopt the word 'police'? | {
"answer_start": [
69
],
"text": [
"in the 18th century"
]
} |
57329fe2cc179a14009dab87 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | What language did French borrow the word 'police' from? | {
"answer_start": [
52
],
"text": [
"English"
]
} |
57329fe2cc179a14009dab88 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | Which dictionary said police were 'a symbol of foreign oppression'? | {
"answer_start": [
284
],
"text": [
"Britannica 1911"
]
} |
57329fe2cc179a14009dab89 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | When were the Marine Police created in the UK? | {
"answer_start": [
526
],
"text": [
"1798"
]
} |
57329fe2cc179a14009dab8a | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | What was the first use of 'police' in the UK? | {
"answer_start": [
421
],
"text": [
"the appointment of Commissioners of Police for Scotland in 1714"
]
} |
5aceb8d732bba1001ae4b1a5 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | When did the English language adopt the word 'police'? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb8d732bba1001ae4b1a6 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | What language did French not borrow the word 'police' from? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb8d732bba1001ae4b1a7 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | Which dictionary said police were 'a symbol of local oppression'? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb8d732bba1001ae4b1a8 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | When were the Marine Police created in France? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb8d732bba1001ae4b1a9 | Police | The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th ce... | What was the last use of 'police' in the UK? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a05ccc179a14009dab90 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | Who convinced the West Indies merchants in London to establish police? | {
"answer_start": [
9
],
"text": [
"Patrick Colquhoun"
]
} |
5732a05ccc179a14009dab91 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | When did the West Indies merchants in London create a police force? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"1797"
]
} |
5732a05ccc179a14009dab92 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | Where did the West Indies merchants in London create a police force? | {
"answer_start": [
165
],
"text": [
"docks"
]
} |
5732a05ccc179a14009dab93 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | How much cargo had been being stolen from West Indies merchants in London each year? | {
"answer_start": [
240
],
"text": [
"£500,000"
]
} |
5732a05ccc179a14009dab94 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | How did Colquhoun praise the French police? | {
"answer_start": [
729
],
"text": [
"\"the greatest degree of perfection\""
]
} |
5aceb95f32bba1001ae4b1c7 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | Who convinced the East Indies merchants in London to establish police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb95f32bba1001ae4b1c8 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | When did the West Indies merchants in London destroy a police force? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb95f32bba1001ae4b1c9 | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | Where did the East Indies merchants in London create a police force? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb95f32bba1001ae4b1ca | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | How much cargo had been given from West Indies merchants in London each year? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb95f32bba1001ae4b1cb | Police | In 1797, Patrick Colquhoun was able to persuade the West Indies merchants who operated at the Pool of London on the River Thames, to establish a police force at the docks to prevent rampant theft that was causing annual estimated losses of £500,000 worth of cargo. The idea of a police, as it then existed in France, was... | How did Colquhoun reject the French police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a0c6cc179a14009dab9a | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | What was the initial size of the Thames River Police force? | {
"answer_start": [
103
],
"text": [
"50"
]
} |
5732a0c6cc179a14009dab9b | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How many dock workers were the Thames River Police policing? | {
"answer_start": [
132
],
"text": [
"33,000"
]
} |
5732a0c6cc179a14009dab9c | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How many dock workers did Colquhoun say were criminals? | {
"answer_start": [
194
],
"text": [
"11,000"
]
} |
5732a0c6cc179a14009dab9d | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How much cargo theft did the Thames River Police prevent in its first year? | {
"answer_start": [
338
],
"text": [
"£122,000"
]
} |
5732a0c6cc179a14009dab9e | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | When was the Thames River Police made a public service? | {
"answer_start": [
490
],
"text": [
"28 July 180"
]
} |
5aceb9d332bba1001ae4b1d9 | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | What was the final size of the Thames River Police force? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb9d332bba1001ae4b1da | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How many deck workers were the Thames River Police policing? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb9d332bba1001ae4b1db | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How many dock workers did Colquhoun say weren't criminals? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb9d332bba1001ae4b1dc | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How much cargo theft did the Thames River Police allow in its first year? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5aceb9d332bba1001ae4b1dd | Police | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | When was the Thames River Police made a private service? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a13acc179a14009daba4 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | Who started the Bow Street detectives? | {
"answer_start": [
164
],
"text": [
"Henry and John Fielding"
]
} |
5732a13acc179a14009daba5 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | How did the Bow Street group pay their employees? | {
"answer_start": [
239
],
"text": [
"stipendiary system"
]
} |
5732a13acc179a14009daba6 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | How did the Thames River Police pay their employees? | {
"answer_start": [
295
],
"text": [
"full-time, salaried officers prohibited from taking private fees"
]
} |
5732a13acc179a14009daba7 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | Who came up with the concept of the 'new' police? | {
"answer_start": [
595
],
"text": [
"Robert Peel"
]
} |
5732a13acc179a14009daba8 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | What schedule did the Thames River Police employees work? | {
"answer_start": [
295
],
"text": [
"full-time"
]
} |
5acebb1632bba1001ae4b205 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | Who fired the Bow Street detectives? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb1632bba1001ae4b206 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | How did the Bow Street group get paid by their employees? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb1632bba1001ae4b207 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | How did the James River Police pay their employees? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb1632bba1001ae4b208 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | Who rejected the concept of the 'new' police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb1632bba1001ae4b209 | Police | Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried offic... | What schedule did the Thames River Police employees not work? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a188cc179a14009dabae | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | Which law established Glasgow's police? | {
"answer_start": [
99
],
"text": [
"Glasgow Police Act"
]
} |
5732a188cc179a14009dabaf | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | When was Glasgow's police force established? | {
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"1800"
]
} |
5732a188cc179a14009dabb0 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | Which law established Ireland's police? | {
"answer_start": [
286
],
"text": [
"Irish Constabulary Act"
]
} |
5732a188cc179a14009dabb1 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | When was Ireland's police force established? | {
"answer_start": [
312
],
"text": [
"1822"
]
} |
5732a188cc179a14009dabb2 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | What was Ireland's police force called? | {
"answer_start": [
345
],
"text": [
"Royal Irish Constabulary"
]
} |
5acebb7232bba1001ae4b221 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | Which law abolished Glasgow's police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb7232bba1001ae4b222 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | When was Glasgow's police force abolished? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb7232bba1001ae4b223 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | Which law fired Ireland's police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb7232bba1001ae4b224 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | When was Ireland's police force abolished? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebb7232bba1001ae4b225 | Police | Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 mar... | What was Ireland's police force not called? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a37ecc179a14009dabb8 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | Who was the 'father of modern policing'? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Peel"
]
} |
5732a37ecc179a14009dabb9 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | Whose philosophy influenced Peel? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"Jeremy Bentham"
]
} |
5732a37ecc179a14009dabba | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | What political position did Bentham think police should have? | {
"answer_start": [
190
],
"text": [
"neutral"
]
} |
5732a37ecc179a14009dabbb | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | How did Peel standardize police? | {
"answer_start": [
397
],
"text": [
"as an official paid profession"
]
} |
5732a37ecc179a14009dabbc | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | How did Peel organize police? | {
"answer_start": [
444
],
"text": [
"in a civilian fashion"
]
} |
5acebc0a32bba1001ae4b235 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | Who was the 'mother of modern policing'? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebc0a32bba1001ae4b236 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | Whose philosophy repelled Peel? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebc0a32bba1001ae4b237 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | What political position did Bentham think police shouldn't have? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebc0a32bba1001ae4b238 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | How did Peel specialize police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebc0a32bba1001ae4b239 | Police | Peel, widely regarded as the father of modern policing, was heavily influenced by the social and legal philosophy of Jeremy Bentham, who called for a strong and centralized, but politically neutral, police force for the maintenance of social order, for the protection of people from crime and to act as a visible deterre... | How did Peel disorganize police? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a6ebcc179a14009dabd4 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | When was the Metropolitan Police Act passed? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"1829"
]
} |
5732a6ebcc179a14009dabd5 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | What did the Metropolitan Police Act say police were a subset of? | {
"answer_start": [
157
],
"text": [
"the judicial system"
]
} |
5732a6ebcc179a14009dabd6 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | Where was the 'Continental model' of police from? | {
"answer_start": [
396
],
"text": [
"France"
]
} |
5732a6ebcc179a14009dabd7 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | What part of the government did French police work under? | {
"answer_start": [
499
],
"text": [
"the authority of the monarch"
]
} |
5acebcaf32bba1001ae4b25f | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | When was the Metropolitan Police Act rejected? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebcaf32bba1001ae4b260 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | What did the Metropolitan Police Act say police weren't a subset of? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebcaf32bba1001ae4b261 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | Where was the 'Intercontinental model' of police from? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebcaf32bba1001ae4b262 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | Where wasn't the 'Continental model' of police from? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebcaf32bba1001ae4b263 | Police | The 1829 Metropolitan Police Act created a modern police force by limiting the purview of the force and its powers, and envisioning it as merely an organ of the judicial system. Their job was apolitical; to maintain the peace and apprehend criminals for the courts to process according to the law. This was very differen... | What part of the government did English police work under? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a92f328d981900601ff3 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | When did Rio get its first police investigator? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"1566"
]
} |
5732a92f328d981900601ff4 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | How had the Rio police grown by the 17th century? | {
"answer_start": [
93
],
"text": [
"most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions"
]
} |
5732a92f328d981900601ff5 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | When did Minas Gerais get a cavalry regiment? | {
"answer_start": [
169
],
"text": [
"July 9, 1775"
]
} |
5732a92f328d981900601ff6 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | Where did the Portuguese royal family move in 1808? | {
"answer_start": [
323
],
"text": [
"Brazil"
]
} |
5732a92f328d981900601ff7 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | Who invaded Portugal in 1808? | {
"answer_start": [
346
],
"text": [
"French"
]
} |
5acebd8232bba1001ae4b273 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | When did Rio get its first police inspector? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebd8232bba1001ae4b274 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | How had the Rio police grown by the 16th century? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebd8232bba1001ae4b275 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | When didn't Minas Gerais get a cavalry regiment? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebd8232bba1001ae4b276 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | Where did the Portuguese royal family move in 1880? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5acebd8232bba1001ae4b277 | Police | In 1566, the first police investigator of Rio de Janeiro was recruited. By the 17th century, most captaincies already had local units with law enforcement functions. On July 9, 1775 a Cavalry Regiment was created in the state of Minas Gerais for maintaining law and order. In 1808, the Portuguese royal family relocated ... | Who supported Portugal in 1808? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732a975d6dcfa19001e8a60 | Police | In Canada, the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary was founded in 1729, making it the first police force in present-day Canada. It was followed in 1834 by the Toronto Police, and in 1838 by police forces in Montreal and Quebec City. A national force, the Dominion Police, was founded in 1868. Initially the Dominion Police p... | When did Canada get its first police? | {
"answer_start": [
62
],
"text": [
"1729"
]
} |
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