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56fa051df34c681400b0bf54
Somalis
Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag...
At what meeting did the United Nations give Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland?
{ "answer_start": [ 133 ], "text": [ "the Potsdam Conference" ] }
56fa051df34c681400b0bf55
Somalis
Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag...
Along with the Somali Youth League and Somali National League, what was an early Somali political organization?
{ "answer_start": [ 387 ], "text": [ "Hizbia Digil Mirifle Somali" ] }
56fa051df34c681400b0bf56
Somalis
Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag...
How many years would Italy have to allow Italian Somaliland to become independent?
{ "answer_start": [ 502 ], "text": [ "ten" ] }
56fa051df34c681400b0bf57
Somalis
Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag...
In what year was the British protectorate over British Somaliland ended?
{ "answer_start": [ 573 ], "text": [ "1960" ] }
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf65
Somalis
To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s...
Along with the Haud, what area of Somalia was given to Ethiopia by the British?
{ "answer_start": [ 895 ], "text": [ "the Ogaden" ] }
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf66
Somalis
To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s...
In what year did the British give the Haud to Ethiopia?
{ "answer_start": [ 652 ], "text": [ "1948" ] }
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf67
Somalis
To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s...
The Ogaden was given to Ethiopia on the basis of a treaty signed by the British with what Ethiopian leader?
{ "answer_start": [ 1018 ], "text": [ "Emperor Menelik" ] }
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf68
Somalis
To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s...
In what year did Britain try to purchase Somali lands from Ethiopia?
{ "answer_start": [ 1280 ], "text": [ "1956" ] }
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf69
Somalis
To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s...
What people constituted almost the entire population of the Northern Frontier District?
{ "answer_start": [ 1396 ], "text": [ "Somali" ] }
56fa083af34c681400b0bf6f
Somalis
A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ...
What was Djibouti called in 1958?
{ "answer_start": [ 61 ], "text": [ "French Somaliland" ] }
56fa083af34c681400b0bf70
Somalis
A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ...
In what year did Somalia become independent?
{ "answer_start": [ 129 ], "text": [ "1960" ] }
56fa083af34c681400b0bf71
Somalis
A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ...
What was Mahmoud Harbi's title?
{ "answer_start": [ 654 ], "text": [ "Vice President of the Government Council" ] }
56fa083af34c681400b0bf72
Somalis
A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ...
When did Djibouti achieve independence?
{ "answer_start": [ 803 ], "text": [ "1977" ] }
56fa083af34c681400b0bf73
Somalis
A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ...
Who was the first president of Djibouti?
{ "answer_start": [ 813 ], "text": [ "Hassan Gouled Aptidon" ] }
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf79
Somalis
British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government...
On what date did British Somaliland gain independence?
{ "answer_start": [ 41 ], "text": [ "26 June 1960" ] }
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7a
Somalis
British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government...
What was British Somaliland known as upon achieving independence?
{ "answer_start": [ 57 ], "text": [ "the State of Somaliland" ] }
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7b
Somalis
British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government...
What state formed the Somali Republic with British Somaliland?
{ "answer_start": [ 86 ], "text": [ "the Trust Territory of Somalia" ] }
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7c
Somalis
British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government...
On what date did the former British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland unite?
{ "answer_start": [ 183 ], "text": [ "1 July 1960" ] }
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7d
Somalis
British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government...
Who was the first President of the Somali Republic?
{ "answer_start": [ 528 ], "text": [ "Aden Abdullah Osman Daar" ] }
56fa09148f12f319006300a9
Somalis
On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ...
On what date was Abdirashid Ali Shermarke assassinated?
{ "answer_start": [ 3 ], "text": [ "15 October 1969" ] }
56fa09148f12f319006300aa
Somalis
On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ...
Who assassinated Abdirashid Ali Shermarke?
{ "answer_start": [ 142 ], "text": [ "one of his own bodyguards" ] }
56fa09148f12f319006300ab
Somalis
On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ...
On what day, the day after the funeral of Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, did a coup occur?
{ "answer_start": [ 237 ], "text": [ "21 October 1969" ] }
56fa09148f12f319006300ac
Somalis
On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ...
Who was the commander of the army when the coup occurred?
{ "answer_start": [ 438 ], "text": [ "Mohamed Siad Barre" ] }
56fa09148f12f319006300ad
Somalis
On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ...
What was Mohamed Siad Barre's rank?
{ "answer_start": [ 424 ], "text": [ "Major General" ] }
56fa097df34c681400b0bf83
Somalis
Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Co...
Along with Jama Korshel, who led the Supreme Revolutionary Council?
{ "answer_start": [ 148 ], "text": [ "Salaad Gabeyre Kediye" ] }
56fa097df34c681400b0bf84
Somalis
Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Co...
What was Jama Korshel's title?
{ "answer_start": [ 174 ], "text": [ "Chief of Police" ] }
56fa097df34c681400b0bf85
Somalis
Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Co...
What was the military rank of Salaad Gabeyre Kediye?
{ "answer_start": [ 129 ], "text": [ "Lieutenant Colonel" ] }
56fa097df34c681400b0bf86
Somalis
Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Co...
What name did the Supreme Revolutionary Council give to Somalia?
{ "answer_start": [ 245 ], "text": [ "the Somali Democratic Republic" ] }
56fa097df34c681400b0bf87
Somalis
Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Co...
Along with dissolving the Supreme Court and parliament, what action did the Supreme Revolutionary Council take?
{ "answer_start": [ 329 ], "text": [ "suspended the constitution" ] }
56fad3dc8f12f319006301c7
Somalis
The revolutionary army established large-scale public works programs and successfully implemented an urban and rural literacy campaign, which helped dramatically increase the literacy rate. In addition to a nationalization program of industry and land, the new regime's foreign policy placed an emphasis on Somalia's tra...
What did the new government nationalize along with land?
{ "answer_start": [ 234 ], "text": [ "industry" ] }
56fad3dc8f12f319006301c8
Somalis
The revolutionary army established large-scale public works programs and successfully implemented an urban and rural literacy campaign, which helped dramatically increase the literacy rate. In addition to a nationalization program of industry and land, the new regime's foreign policy placed an emphasis on Somalia's tra...
What international body did the new government join?
{ "answer_start": [ 389 ], "text": [ "the Arab League" ] }
56fad3dc8f12f319006301c9
Somalis
The revolutionary army established large-scale public works programs and successfully implemented an urban and rural literacy campaign, which helped dramatically increase the literacy rate. In addition to a nationalization program of industry and land, the new regime's foreign policy placed an emphasis on Somalia's tra...
In what year did the new government enter the Arab League?
{ "answer_start": [ 413 ], "text": [ "1974" ] }
56fad3dc8f12f319006301ca
Somalis
The revolutionary army established large-scale public works programs and successfully implemented an urban and rural literacy campaign, which helped dramatically increase the literacy rate. In addition to a nationalization program of industry and land, the new regime's foreign policy placed an emphasis on Somalia's tra...
What organization would the Organization of African Unity later become?
{ "answer_start": [ 528 ], "text": [ "the African Union" ] }
56fad3dc8f12f319006301cb
Somalis
The revolutionary army established large-scale public works programs and successfully implemented an urban and rural literacy campaign, which helped dramatically increase the literacy rate. In addition to a nationalization program of industry and land, the new regime's foreign policy placed an emphasis on Somalia's tra...
What rate did the new government's programs significantly increase?
{ "answer_start": [ 175 ], "text": [ "literacy" ] }
56fad4558f12f319006301d1
Somalis
Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of S...
Along with Kenya, Djibouti and Somalia, in what Horn of Africa country do Somali people live?
{ "answer_start": [ 94 ], "text": [ "Ethiopia" ] }
56fad4558f12f319006301d2
Somalis
Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of S...
In what geographic portion of Kenya can Somali people be found?
{ "answer_start": [ 108 ], "text": [ "northeastern" ] }
56fad4558f12f319006301d3
Somalis
Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of S...
What is the name of the idea that believes all ethnic Somalis should live in the same country?
{ "answer_start": [ 225 ], "text": [ "Pan-Somalism" ] }
56fad4558f12f319006301d4
Somalis
Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of S...
Along with the Soviet Union, what country supported Ethiopia in its war against Somalia?
{ "answer_start": [ 590 ], "text": [ "Cuba" ] }
56fad4558f12f319006301d5
Somalis
Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of S...
What was the name of the conflict between Somalia and the Soviet Union, Cuba and Ethiopia?
{ "answer_start": [ 532 ], "text": [ "the Ogaden War" ] }
56fad51ef34c681400b0c13d
Somalis
According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant pro...
In what year did Sanchez publish his study on Somali ethnicity?
{ "answer_start": [ 53 ], "text": [ "2005" ] }
56fad51ef34c681400b0c13e
Somalis
According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant pro...
What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to?
{ "answer_start": [ 142 ], "text": [ "Afro-Asiatic" ] }
56fad51ef34c681400b0c13f
Somalis
According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant pro...
What haplogroup is present in a significant number of Somalis?
{ "answer_start": [ 253 ], "text": [ "E1b1b1a" ] }
56fad51ef34c681400b0c140
Somalis
According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant pro...
Based on the presence of the M78 subclade, where do some researchers think Somalis originated?
{ "answer_start": [ 702 ], "text": [ "Egypt/Libya" ] }
56fad51ef34c681400b0c141
Somalis
According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant pro...
What percentage of Somali males had DNA containing the M78 subclade of E1b1b?
{ "answer_start": [ 523 ], "text": [ "77%" ] }
56fad599f34c681400b0c147
Somalis
According to mtDNA studies by Holden (2005) and Richards et al. (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup. This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians. M1 is believed to have originated in Asia, whe...
When did Richards publish his mtDNA research?
{ "answer_start": [ 65 ], "text": [ "2006" ] }
56fad599f34c681400b0c148
Somalis
According to mtDNA studies by Holden (2005) and Richards et al. (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup. This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians. M1 is believed to have originated in Asia, whe...
Along with Egyptians, Algerians and Somalis, what people commonly possess the M1 haplogroup?
{ "answer_start": [ 205 ], "text": [ "Ethiopians" ] }
56fad599f34c681400b0c149
Somalis
According to mtDNA studies by Holden (2005) and Richards et al. (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup. This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians. M1 is believed to have originated in Asia, whe...
On what continent is the M1 haplogroup believed to have originated?
{ "answer_start": [ 311 ], "text": [ "Asia" ] }
56fad599f34c681400b0c14a
Somalis
According to mtDNA studies by Holden (2005) and Richards et al. (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup. This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians. M1 is believed to have originated in Asia, whe...
Who authored an mtDNA study in 2005?
{ "answer_start": [ 30 ], "text": [ "Holden" ] }
56fad599f34c681400b0c14b
Somalis
According to mtDNA studies by Holden (2005) and Richards et al. (2006), a significant proportion of the maternal lineages of Somalis consists of the M1 haplogroup. This mitochondrial clade is common among Ethiopians and North Africans, particularly Egyptians and Algerians. M1 is believed to have originated in Asia, whe...
What family of languages is the M1 haplogroup associated with?
{ "answer_start": [ 448 ], "text": [ "Afro-Asiatic" ] }
56fad69b8f12f319006301db
Somalis
According to an autosomal DNA study by Hodgson et al. (2014), the Afro-Asiatic languages were likely spread across Africa and the Near East by an ancestral population(s) carrying a newly identified non-African genetic component, which the researchers dub the "Ethio-Somali". This Ethio-Somali component is today most com...
When did Hodgson publish his DNA study?
{ "answer_start": [ 55 ], "text": [ "2014" ] }
56fad69b8f12f319006301dc
Somalis
According to an autosomal DNA study by Hodgson et al. (2014), the Afro-Asiatic languages were likely spread across Africa and the Near East by an ancestral population(s) carrying a newly identified non-African genetic component, which the researchers dub the "Ethio-Somali". This Ethio-Somali component is today most com...
According to Hodgson, what ancestral people spread the Afro-Asiatic languages?
{ "answer_start": [ 260 ], "text": [ "Ethio-Somali" ] }
56fad69b8f12f319006301dd
Somalis
According to an autosomal DNA study by Hodgson et al. (2014), the Afro-Asiatic languages were likely spread across Africa and the Near East by an ancestral population(s) carrying a newly identified non-African genetic component, which the researchers dub the "Ethio-Somali". This Ethio-Somali component is today most com...
According to Hodgson, what people is mostly descended from Ethio-Somalis?
{ "answer_start": [ 428 ], "text": [ "Somalis" ] }
56fad69b8f12f319006301de
Somalis
According to an autosomal DNA study by Hodgson et al. (2014), the Afro-Asiatic languages were likely spread across Africa and the Near East by an ancestral population(s) carrying a newly identified non-African genetic component, which the researchers dub the "Ethio-Somali". This Ethio-Somali component is today most com...
According to Hodgson, how long ago did the Ethio-Somalis diverge from other non-African ancestries?
{ "answer_start": [ 651 ], "text": [ "at least 23,000 years ago" ] }
56fad69b8f12f319006301df
Somalis
According to an autosomal DNA study by Hodgson et al. (2014), the Afro-Asiatic languages were likely spread across Africa and the Near East by an ancestral population(s) carrying a newly identified non-African genetic component, which the researchers dub the "Ethio-Somali". This Ethio-Somali component is today most com...
According to Hodgson, where did the Ethio-Somalis originate?
{ "answer_start": [ 824 ], "text": [ "the Near East" ] }
56fad6b8f34c681400b0c151
Somalis
The analysis of HLA antigens has also helped clarify the possible background of the Somali people, as the distribution of haplotype frequencies vary among population groups. According to Mohamoud et al. (2006):
In what year did Mahamoud publish his research?
{ "answer_start": [ 204 ], "text": [ "2006" ] }
56fad729f34c681400b0c153
Somalis
The history of Islam in Somalia is as old as the religion itself. The early persecuted Muslims fled to various places in the region, including the city of Zeila in modern-day northern Somalia, so as to seek protection from the Quraysh. Somalis were among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam. With ver...
In what geographic part of Somalia is Zeila located?
{ "answer_start": [ 175 ], "text": [ "northern" ] }
56fad729f34c681400b0c154
Somalis
The history of Islam in Somalia is as old as the religion itself. The early persecuted Muslims fled to various places in the region, including the city of Zeila in modern-day northern Somalia, so as to seek protection from the Quraysh. Somalis were among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam. With ver...
From whom were the early Muslims fleeing?
{ "answer_start": [ 223 ], "text": [ "the Quraysh" ] }
56fad729f34c681400b0c155
Somalis
The history of Islam in Somalia is as old as the religion itself. The early persecuted Muslims fled to various places in the region, including the city of Zeila in modern-day northern Somalia, so as to seek protection from the Quraysh. Somalis were among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam. With ver...
Along with the Shafi'i, to what sect of Islam do most Somalis belong?
{ "answer_start": [ 398 ], "text": [ "Sunni" ] }
56fad729f34c681400b0c156
Somalis
The history of Islam in Somalia is as old as the religion itself. The early persecuted Muslims fled to various places in the region, including the city of Zeila in modern-day northern Somalia, so as to seek protection from the Quraysh. Somalis were among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam. With ver...
What is the majority religion in Somalia?
{ "answer_start": [ 414 ], "text": [ "Islam" ] }
56fad729f34c681400b0c157
Somalis
The history of Islam in Somalia is as old as the religion itself. The early persecuted Muslims fled to various places in the region, including the city of Zeila in modern-day northern Somalia, so as to seek protection from the Quraysh. Somalis were among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam. With ver...
A small minority of Somalis belong to what branch of Islam?
{ "answer_start": [ 510 ], "text": [ "Shia" ] }
56fad7698f12f319006301e5
Somalis
Qur'anic schools (also known as dugsi) remain the basic system of traditional religious instruction in Somalia. They provide Islamic education for children, thereby filling a clear religious and social role in the country. Known as the most stable local, non-formal system of education providing basic religious and mora...
What is another name for a Qur'anic school?
{ "answer_start": [ 32 ], "text": [ "dugsi" ] }
56fad7698f12f319006301e6
Somalis
Qur'anic schools (also known as dugsi) remain the basic system of traditional religious instruction in Somalia. They provide Islamic education for children, thereby filling a clear religious and social role in the country. Known as the most stable local, non-formal system of education providing basic religious and mora...
What percentage of students at Qur'anic schools are female?
{ "answer_start": [ 769 ], "text": [ "40" ] }
56fad7698f12f319006301e7
Somalis
Qur'anic schools (also known as dugsi) remain the basic system of traditional religious instruction in Somalia. They provide Islamic education for children, thereby filling a clear religious and social role in the country. Known as the most stable local, non-formal system of education providing basic religious and mora...
What government body regulates Qur'anic education?
{ "answer_start": [ 1023 ], "text": [ "the Ministry of Endowment and Islamic Affairs" ] }
56fad7df8f12f319006301eb
Somalis
In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience. The purpose of these events is usually to raise money for new schools or universities ...
Along with Minneapolis, London and Birmingham, what city contains a notable population of Somalis?
{ "answer_start": [ 115 ], "text": [ "Toronto" ] }
56fad7df8f12f319006301ec
Somalis
In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience. The purpose of these events is usually to raise money for new schools or universities ...
What is the name of the mosque under construction in Minneapolis?
{ "answer_start": [ 467 ], "text": [ "the Abuubakar-As-Saddique Mosque" ] }
56fad7df8f12f319006301ed
Somalis
In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience. The purpose of these events is usually to raise money for new schools or universities ...
Along with floods, what natural disaster often spurs Islamic fundraising?
{ "answer_start": [ 401 ], "text": [ "droughts" ] }
56fad7df8f12f319006301ee
Somalis
In the Somali diaspora, multiple Islamic fundraising events are held every year in cities like Birmingham, London, Toronto and Minneapolis, where Somali scholars and professionals give lectures and answer questions from the audience. The purpose of these events is usually to raise money for new schools or universities ...
Along with universities, the construction of what educational buildings are sometimes the focus of Islamic fundraising?
{ "answer_start": [ 296 ], "text": [ "schools" ] }
56fad80d8f12f319006301f3
Somalis
In addition, the Somali community has produced numerous important Muslim figures over the centuries, many of whom have significantly shaped the course of Islamic learning and practice in the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and well beyond.
Along with the Horn of Africa, what is a notable location where Somali Islamic figures have been influential?
{ "answer_start": [ 207 ], "text": [ "the Arabian Peninsula" ] }
56fad858f34c681400b0c15d
Somalis
The clan groupings of the Somali people are important social units, and clan membership plays a central part in Somali culture and politics. Clans are patrilineal and are often divided into sub-clans, sometimes with many sub-divisions. The tombs of the founders of the Darod, Dir and Isaaq major clans as well as the Abg...
What is a basic social unit of Somali society?
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "clan" ] }
56fad858f34c681400b0c15e
Somalis
The clan groupings of the Somali people are important social units, and clan membership plays a central part in Somali culture and politics. Clans are patrilineal and are often divided into sub-clans, sometimes with many sub-divisions. The tombs of the founders of the Darod, Dir and Isaaq major clans as well as the Abg...
In what geographical portion of Somalia is the tomb of the founder of the Dir clan located?
{ "answer_start": [ 366 ], "text": [ "northern" ] }
56fad858f34c681400b0c15f
Somalis
The clan groupings of the Somali people are important social units, and clan membership plays a central part in Somali culture and politics. Clans are patrilineal and are often divided into sub-clans, sometimes with many sub-divisions. The tombs of the founders of the Darod, Dir and Isaaq major clans as well as the Abg...
Of what clan is the Abgaal a sub-clan?
{ "answer_start": [ 340 ], "text": [ "Hawiye" ] }
56fad8e28f12f319006301f5
Somalis
Somali society is traditionally ethnically endogamous. So to extend ties of alliance, marriage is often to another ethnic Somali from a different clan. Thus, for example, a recent study observed that in 89 marriages contracted by men of the Dhulbahante clan, 55 (62%) were with women of Dhulbahante sub-clans other than ...
What practice is often used to bind different clans together?
{ "answer_start": [ 86 ], "text": [ "marriage" ] }
56fad8e28f12f319006301f6
Somalis
Somali society is traditionally ethnically endogamous. So to extend ties of alliance, marriage is often to another ethnic Somali from a different clan. Thus, for example, a recent study observed that in 89 marriages contracted by men of the Dhulbahante clan, 55 (62%) were with women of Dhulbahante sub-clans other than ...
According to a recent study, how many men of the Dhulbahante clan married women from the Hawiye clan?
{ "answer_start": [ 436 ], "text": [ "3" ] }
56fad8e28f12f319006301f7
Somalis
Somali society is traditionally ethnically endogamous. So to extend ties of alliance, marriage is often to another ethnic Somali from a different clan. Thus, for example, a recent study observed that in 89 marriages contracted by men of the Dhulbahante clan, 55 (62%) were with women of Dhulbahante sub-clans other than ...
According to a recent study, how many Dhulbahante men married women of a different Dhulbahante sub-clan?
{ "answer_start": [ 259 ], "text": [ "55" ] }
56fad8e28f12f319006301f8
Somalis
Somali society is traditionally ethnically endogamous. So to extend ties of alliance, marriage is often to another ethnic Somali from a different clan. Thus, for example, a recent study observed that in 89 marriages contracted by men of the Dhulbahante clan, 55 (62%) were with women of Dhulbahante sub-clans other than ...
To what clan family do the Ogaden belong?
{ "answer_start": [ 491 ], "text": [ "Darod" ] }
56fad8e28f12f319006301f9
Somalis
Somali society is traditionally ethnically endogamous. So to extend ties of alliance, marriage is often to another ethnic Somali from a different clan. Thus, for example, a recent study observed that in 89 marriages contracted by men of the Dhulbahante clan, 55 (62%) were with women of Dhulbahante sub-clans other than ...
What percentage of Dhulbahante men married women of the Majerteen or Ogaden?
{ "answer_start": [ 447 ], "text": [ "4.3%" ] }
56fad9608f12f319006301ff
Somalis
In 1975, the most prominent government reforms regarding family law in a Muslim country were set in motion in the Somali Democratic Republic, which put women and men, including husbands and wives, on complete equal footing. The 1975 Somali Family Law gave men and women equal division of property between the husband and...
What law gave Somali husbands and wives equal rights over personal property?
{ "answer_start": [ 228 ], "text": [ "1975 Somali Family Law" ] }
56fad9608f12f31900630200
Somalis
In 1975, the most prominent government reforms regarding family law in a Muslim country were set in motion in the Somali Democratic Republic, which put women and men, including husbands and wives, on complete equal footing. The 1975 Somali Family Law gave men and women equal division of property between the husband and...
What was the official name of the country in which the 1975 Somali Family Law was passed?
{ "answer_start": [ 110 ], "text": [ "the Somali Democratic Republic" ] }
56fad9608f12f31900630201
Somalis
In 1975, the most prominent government reforms regarding family law in a Muslim country were set in motion in the Somali Democratic Republic, which put women and men, including husbands and wives, on complete equal footing. The 1975 Somali Family Law gave men and women equal division of property between the husband and...
In addition to giving spouses equal rights over their personal property during marriage, what did the Somali Family Law give them?
{ "answer_start": [ 270 ], "text": [ "equal division of property between the husband and wife upon divorce" ] }
56fad9cef34c681400b0c163
Somalis
Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Mi...
What is the biggest ethnic group in Somalia?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Somalis" ] }
56fad9cef34c681400b0c164
Somalis
Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Mi...
What percentage of Somalians are ethnic Somalis?
{ "answer_start": [ 73 ], "text": [ "85%" ] }
56fad9cef34c681400b0c165
Somalis
Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Mi...
During what century did the nomad lifestyle decline among Somalis?
{ "answer_start": [ 156 ], "text": [ "20th" ] }
56fad9cef34c681400b0c166
Somalis
Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Mi...
Why do many Somalis live in South Asia and Europe?
{ "answer_start": [ 360 ], "text": [ "their seafaring tradition" ] }
56fad9cef34c681400b0c167
Somalis
Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Mi...
Along with Djibouti and Ethiopia, in what African country outside Somalia can Somalis be found?
{ "answer_start": [ 300 ], "text": [ "Kenya" ] }
56fada5c8f12f31900630205
Somalis
Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Hamilton all harbor Somali populations. Statistics Ca...
What led to an increase in the number of Somalis leaving the country?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Civil strife" ] }
56fada5c8f12f31900630206
Somalis
Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Hamilton all harbor Somali populations. Statistics Ca...
Along with the Middle East and North America, to what continent did the Somali diaspora go in the 1990s?
{ "answer_start": [ 146 ], "text": [ "Europe" ] }
56fada5c8f12f31900630207
Somalis
Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Hamilton all harbor Somali populations. Statistics Ca...
Along with Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Winnipeg, Hamilton and Vancouver, what Canadian city has a significant Somali population?
{ "answer_start": [ 197 ], "text": [ "Toronto" ] }
56fada5c8f12f31900630208
Somalis
Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Hamilton all harbor Somali populations. Statistics Ca...
As of 2006, where did Somalis rank in terms of population by ethnicity in Canada?
{ "answer_start": [ 377 ], "text": [ "69th" ] }
56fadfc58f12f3190063020d
Somalis
While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom. Somalis in Britain are largely concentrated in the cities of London, Sheffield, ...
About how many Somalis live in the UK?
{ "answer_start": [ 194 ], "text": [ "108,000" ] }
56fadfc58f12f3190063020e
Somalis
While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom. Somalis in Britain are largely concentrated in the cities of London, Sheffield, ...
What percentage of Somalis living in Britain reside in London?
{ "answer_start": [ 436 ], "text": [ "78%" ] }
56fadfc58f12f3190063020f
Somalis
While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom. Somalis in Britain are largely concentrated in the cities of London, Sheffield, ...
As of 2014, how many Somalis lived in Sweden?
{ "answer_start": [ 529 ], "text": [ "57,906" ] }
56fadfc58f12f31900630210
Somalis
While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom. Somalis in Britain are largely concentrated in the cities of London, Sheffield, ...
In 2014, how many Somalis resided in Norway?
{ "answer_start": [ 584 ], "text": [ "38,413" ] }
56fadfc58f12f31900630211
Somalis
While the distribution of Somalis per country in Europe is hard to measure because the Somali community on the continent has grown so quickly in recent years, an official 2010 estimate reported 108,000 Somalis living in the United Kingdom. Somalis in Britain are largely concentrated in the cities of London, Sheffield, ...
How many Somalis lived in Finland as of 2014?
{ "answer_start": [ 636 ], "text": [ "16,721" ] }
56fae0218f12f31900630217
Somalis
In the United States, Minneapolis, Saint Paul, Columbus, San Diego, Seattle, Washington, D.C., Houston, Atlanta, Los Angeles, Portland, Denver, Nashville, Green Bay, Lewiston, Portland, Maine and Cedar Rapids have the largest Somali populations.
What country is Cedar Rapids located in?
{ "answer_start": [ 3 ], "text": [ "the United States" ] }
56fae0a58f12f31900630219
Somalis
An estimated 20,000 Somalis emigrated to the U.S. state of Minnesota some ten years ago and the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and Saint Paul) now have the highest population of Somalis in North America. The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including l...
Along with Saint Paul, what city constitutes the Twin Cities?
{ "answer_start": [ 109 ], "text": [ "Minneapolis" ] }
56fae0a58f12f3190063021a
Somalis
An estimated 20,000 Somalis emigrated to the U.S. state of Minnesota some ten years ago and the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and Saint Paul) now have the highest population of Somalis in North America. The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including l...
About how many Somalis moved to Minnesota ten years ago?
{ "answer_start": [ 13 ], "text": [ "20,000" ] }
56fae0a58f12f3190063021b
Somalis
An estimated 20,000 Somalis emigrated to the U.S. state of Minnesota some ten years ago and the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and Saint Paul) now have the highest population of Somalis in North America. The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including l...
What area of Minneapolis contains a notable number of Somalis?
{ "answer_start": [ 555 ], "text": [ "Cedar-Riverside" ] }
56fae0a58f12f3190063021c
Somalis
An estimated 20,000 Somalis emigrated to the U.S. state of Minnesota some ten years ago and the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and Saint Paul) now have the highest population of Somalis in North America. The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including l...
What is hawala?
{ "answer_start": [ 393 ], "text": [ "money transfer services" ] }
56fae0a58f12f3190063021d
Somalis
An estimated 20,000 Somalis emigrated to the U.S. state of Minnesota some ten years ago and the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and Saint Paul) now have the highest population of Somalis in North America. The city of Minneapolis hosts hundreds of Somali-owned and operated businesses offering a variety of products, including l...
What sort of meat is sold in Somali businesses in Minneapolis?
{ "answer_start": [ 367 ], "text": [ "halal" ] }
56fae1078f12f31900630223
Somalis
There is a sizable Somali community in the United Arab Emirates. Somali-owned businesses line the streets of Deira, the Dubai city centre, with only Iranians exporting more products from the city at large. Internet cafés, hotels, coffee shops, restaurants and import-export businesses are all testimony to the Somalis' e...
In what Middle Eastern country is there a notable Somali population?
{ "answer_start": [ 39 ], "text": [ "the United Arab Emirates" ] }