id
stringlengths
24
24
title
stringclasses
442 values
context
stringlengths
151
3.71k
question
stringlengths
12
270
answers
dict
570ad8ec4103511400d59a93
Lancashire
To the east of the county are upland areas leading to the Pennines. North of the Ribble is Beacon Fell Country Park and the Forest of Bowland, another AONB. Much of the lowland in this area is devoted to dairy farming and cheesemaking, whereas the higher ground is more suitable for sheep, and the highest ground is uncu...
Where is the Lancashire Coalfield located?
{ "answer_start": [ 695 ], "text": [ "modern-day Greater Manchester" ] }
570ad8ec4103511400d59a94
Lancashire
To the east of the county are upland areas leading to the Pennines. North of the Ribble is Beacon Fell Country Park and the Forest of Bowland, another AONB. Much of the lowland in this area is devoted to dairy farming and cheesemaking, whereas the higher ground is more suitable for sheep, and the highest ground is uncu...
where is Beacon Fell County Park located?
{ "answer_start": [ 68 ], "text": [ "North of the Ribble" ] }
570ad9b56d058f190018312e
Lancashire
The Duchy administers bona vacantia within the County Palatine, receiving the property of persons who die intestate and where the legal ownership cannot be ascertained. There is no separate Duke of Lancaster, the title merged into the Crown many centuries ago – but the Duchy is administered by the Queen in Right of the...
What does the Duchy administer within the County Palatine?
{ "answer_start": [ 22 ], "text": [ "bona vacantia" ] }
570ad9b56d058f190018312f
Lancashire
The Duchy administers bona vacantia within the County Palatine, receiving the property of persons who die intestate and where the legal ownership cannot be ascertained. There is no separate Duke of Lancaster, the title merged into the Crown many centuries ago – but the Duchy is administered by the Queen in Right of the...
What serves as the county town of the county palatine?
{ "answer_start": [ 534 ], "text": [ "Lancaster" ] }
570ad9b56d058f1900183130
Lancashire
The Duchy administers bona vacantia within the County Palatine, receiving the property of persons who die intestate and where the legal ownership cannot be ascertained. There is no separate Duke of Lancaster, the title merged into the Crown many centuries ago – but the Duchy is administered by the Queen in Right of the...
When did the title of Duke of Lancaster merge into the Crown?
{ "answer_start": [ 241 ], "text": [ "many centuries ago" ] }
570ad9b56d058f1900183131
Lancashire
The Duchy administers bona vacantia within the County Palatine, receiving the property of persons who die intestate and where the legal ownership cannot be ascertained. There is no separate Duke of Lancaster, the title merged into the Crown many centuries ago – but the Duchy is administered by the Queen in Right of the...
Who is the Duchy administered by?
{ "answer_start": [ 295 ], "text": [ "the Queen" ] }
570ada444103511400d59aa4
Lancashire
The Lancashire economy relies strongly on the M6 motorway which runs from north to south, past Lancaster and Preston. The M55 connects Preston to Blackpool and is 11.5 miles (18.3 km) long. The M65 motorway from Colne, connects Burnley, Accrington, Blackburn to Preston. The M61 from Preston via Chorley and the M66 star...
What does the Lancashire economy rely on?
{ "answer_start": [ 42 ], "text": [ "the M6 motorway" ] }
570ada444103511400d59aa5
Lancashire
The Lancashire economy relies strongly on the M6 motorway which runs from north to south, past Lancaster and Preston. The M55 connects Preston to Blackpool and is 11.5 miles (18.3 km) long. The M65 motorway from Colne, connects Burnley, Accrington, Blackburn to Preston. The M61 from Preston via Chorley and the M66 star...
Which direction does the M6 motorway run?
{ "answer_start": [ 74 ], "text": [ "north to south" ] }
570ada444103511400d59aa6
Lancashire
The Lancashire economy relies strongly on the M6 motorway which runs from north to south, past Lancaster and Preston. The M55 connects Preston to Blackpool and is 11.5 miles (18.3 km) long. The M65 motorway from Colne, connects Burnley, Accrington, Blackburn to Preston. The M61 from Preston via Chorley and the M66 star...
What road connects Preston to Blackpool?
{ "answer_start": [ 118 ], "text": [ "The M55" ] }
570ada444103511400d59aa7
Lancashire
The Lancashire economy relies strongly on the M6 motorway which runs from north to south, past Lancaster and Preston. The M55 connects Preston to Blackpool and is 11.5 miles (18.3 km) long. The M65 motorway from Colne, connects Burnley, Accrington, Blackburn to Preston. The M61 from Preston via Chorley and the M66 star...
Which road crosses the part of the county furthest south?
{ "answer_start": [ 468 ], "text": [ "M58" ] }
570af5b76b8089140040f630
Lancashire
The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lanca...
Where are the major settlements in the ceremonial county located?
{ "answer_start": [ 71 ], "text": [ "Fylde coast" ] }
570af5b76b8089140040f631
Lancashire
The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lanca...
Where is the Fylde coast?
{ "answer_start": [ 88 ], "text": [ "Blackpool Urban Area" ] }
570af5b76b8089140040f632
Lancashire
The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lanca...
Which part of the county is rural and sparsely populated?
{ "answer_start": [ 359 ], "text": [ "north" ] }
570af5b76b8089140040f633
Lancashire
The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lanca...
How many people live in Lancaster and Morecambe?
{ "answer_start": [ 515 ], "text": [ "100,000" ] }
570af5b76b8089140040f634
Lancashire
The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lanca...
What percentage of Lancashire is Asian?
{ "answer_start": [ 611 ], "text": [ "6%" ] }
570af7036b8089140040f64e
Lancashire
Liverpool produced a number of nationally and internationally successful popular singers in the 1950s, including traditional pop stars Frankie Vaughan and Lita Roza, and one of the most successful British rock and roll stars in Billy Fury. Many Lancashire towns had vibrant skiffle scenes in the late 1950s, out of which...
Where was pop star Frankie Vaughan from?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Liverpool" ] }
570af7036b8089140040f64f
Lancashire
Liverpool produced a number of nationally and internationally successful popular singers in the 1950s, including traditional pop stars Frankie Vaughan and Lita Roza, and one of the most successful British rock and roll stars in Billy Fury. Many Lancashire towns had vibrant skiffle scenes in the late 1950s, out of which...
How many bands were active in the Liverpool area in the 1960s?
{ "answer_start": [ 485 ], "text": [ "350" ] }
570af7036b8089140040f650
Lancashire
Liverpool produced a number of nationally and internationally successful popular singers in the 1950s, including traditional pop stars Frankie Vaughan and Lita Roza, and one of the most successful British rock and roll stars in Billy Fury. Many Lancashire towns had vibrant skiffle scenes in the late 1950s, out of which...
What was the first act to break through in the UK, not from Liverpool or managed by Brian Epstein?
{ "answer_start": [ 897 ], "text": [ "Freddie and the Dreamers" ] }
570af7036b8089140040f651
Lancashire
Liverpool produced a number of nationally and internationally successful popular singers in the 1950s, including traditional pop stars Frankie Vaughan and Lita Roza, and one of the most successful British rock and roll stars in Billy Fury. Many Lancashire towns had vibrant skiffle scenes in the late 1950s, out of which...
Where were Freddie and the Dreamers based?
{ "answer_start": [ 941 ], "text": [ "Manchester" ] }
570af7036b8089140040f652
Lancashire
Liverpool produced a number of nationally and internationally successful popular singers in the 1950s, including traditional pop stars Frankie Vaughan and Lita Roza, and one of the most successful British rock and roll stars in Billy Fury. Many Lancashire towns had vibrant skiffle scenes in the late 1950s, out of which...
Where were Herman's Hermints and the Hollies from?
{ "answer_start": [ 941 ], "text": [ "Manchester" ] }
570aff9fec8fbc190045b7c4
Lancashire
Lancashire has a long and highly productive tradition of music making. In the early modern era the county shared in the national tradition of balladry, including perhaps the finest border ballad, "The Ballad of Chevy Chase", thought to have been composed by the Lancashire-born minstrel Richard Sheale. The county was al...
Who was "The Ballad of Chevy Chase" composed by?
{ "answer_start": [ 287 ], "text": [ "Richard Sheale" ] }
570aff9fec8fbc190045b7c5
Lancashire
Lancashire has a long and highly productive tradition of music making. In the early modern era the county shared in the national tradition of balladry, including perhaps the finest border ballad, "The Ballad of Chevy Chase", thought to have been composed by the Lancashire-born minstrel Richard Sheale. The county was al...
Where was Richard Sheale from?
{ "answer_start": [ 262 ], "text": [ "Lancashire" ] }
570aff9fec8fbc190045b7c7
Lancashire
Lancashire has a long and highly productive tradition of music making. In the early modern era the county shared in the national tradition of balladry, including perhaps the finest border ballad, "The Ballad of Chevy Chase", thought to have been composed by the Lancashire-born minstrel Richard Sheale. The county was al...
What did the county share with it's national traditions?
{ "answer_start": [ 142 ], "text": [ "balladry" ] }
570aff9fec8fbc190045b7c6
Lancashire
Lancashire has a long and highly productive tradition of music making. In the early modern era the county shared in the national tradition of balladry, including perhaps the finest border ballad, "The Ballad of Chevy Chase", thought to have been composed by the Lancashire-born minstrel Richard Sheale. The county was al...
What is Lancashire's long and productive tradition?
{ "answer_start": [ 57 ], "text": [ "music making" ] }
570aff9fec8fbc190045b7c8
Lancashire
Lancashire has a long and highly productive tradition of music making. In the early modern era the county shared in the national tradition of balladry, including perhaps the finest border ballad, "The Ballad of Chevy Chase", thought to have been composed by the Lancashire-born minstrel Richard Sheale. The county was al...
What is the finest border ballad?
{ "answer_start": [ 197 ], "text": [ "The Ballad of Chevy Chase" ] }
570b0045ec8fbc190045b7ce
Lancashire
The county was established in 1182, later than many other counties. During Roman times the area was part of the Brigantes tribal area in the military zone of Roman Britain. The towns of Manchester, Lancaster, Ribchester, Burrow, Elslack and Castleshaw grew around Roman forts. In the centuries after the Roman withdrawal...
When was Lancashire established?
{ "answer_start": [ 30 ], "text": [ "1182" ] }
570b0045ec8fbc190045b7cf
Lancashire
The county was established in 1182, later than many other counties. During Roman times the area was part of the Brigantes tribal area in the military zone of Roman Britain. The towns of Manchester, Lancaster, Ribchester, Burrow, Elslack and Castleshaw grew around Roman forts. In the centuries after the Roman withdrawal...
When was the area part of Brigantes tribal area?
{ "answer_start": [ 75 ], "text": [ "Roman times" ] }
570b0045ec8fbc190045b7d0
Lancashire
The county was established in 1182, later than many other counties. During Roman times the area was part of the Brigantes tribal area in the military zone of Roman Britain. The towns of Manchester, Lancaster, Ribchester, Burrow, Elslack and Castleshaw grew around Roman forts. In the centuries after the Roman withdrawal...
In what year did the northern parts of the country form the Brythonic kingdom of Rheged?
{ "answer_start": [ 324 ], "text": [ "410AD" ] }
570b0045ec8fbc190045b7d1
Lancashire
The county was established in 1182, later than many other counties. During Roman times the area was part of the Brigantes tribal area in the military zone of Roman Britain. The towns of Manchester, Lancaster, Ribchester, Burrow, Elslack and Castleshaw grew around Roman forts. In the centuries after the Roman withdrawal...
What is the Brythonic kingdom of Rheged?
{ "answer_start": [ 420 ], "text": [ "a successor entity to the Brigantes tribe" ] }
570b0045ec8fbc190045b7d2
Lancashire
The county was established in 1182, later than many other counties. During Roman times the area was part of the Brigantes tribal area in the military zone of Roman Britain. The towns of Manchester, Lancaster, Ribchester, Burrow, Elslack and Castleshaw grew around Roman forts. In the centuries after the Roman withdrawal...
When was the area incorporated into Northumbria?
{ "answer_start": [ 474 ], "text": [ "mid-8th century" ] }
570b00ea6b8089140040f6a8
Lancashire
By the census of 1971, the population of Lancashire and its county boroughs had reached 5,129,416, making it the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county was also the most populous of its type outside London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government...
How many people lived in Lancashire in 1971?
{ "answer_start": [ 88 ], "text": [ "5,129,416" ] }
570b00ea6b8089140040f6a9
Lancashire
By the census of 1971, the population of Lancashire and its county boroughs had reached 5,129,416, making it the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county was also the most populous of its type outside London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government...
What is the most populous geographic county in the UK?
{ "answer_start": [ 41 ], "text": [ "Lancashire" ] }
570b00ea6b8089140040f6aa
Lancashire
By the census of 1971, the population of Lancashire and its county boroughs had reached 5,129,416, making it the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county was also the most populous of its type outside London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government...
When was the administrative county abolished?
{ "answer_start": [ 280 ], "text": [ "1 April 1974" ] }
570b00ea6b8089140040f6ac
Lancashire
By the census of 1971, the population of Lancashire and its county boroughs had reached 5,129,416, making it the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county was also the most populous of its type outside London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government...
What incorporated the Furness exclave?
{ "answer_start": [ 532 ], "text": [ "Cumbria" ] }
570b00ea6b8089140040f6ab
Lancashire
By the census of 1971, the population of Lancashire and its county boroughs had reached 5,129,416, making it the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county was also the most populous of its type outside London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government...
What did the southern part of Lancashire turn into?
{ "answer_start": [ 479 ], "text": [ "Merseyside and Greater Manchester" ] }
570b01d56b8089140040f6bc
Lancashire
A local pioneer of folk song collection in the first half of the 19th century was Shakespearean scholar James Orchard Halliwell, but it was not until the second folk revival in the 20th century that the full range of song from the county, including industrial folk song, began to gain attention. The county produced one ...
Who was a local pioneer of folk song collection?
{ "answer_start": [ 104 ], "text": [ "James Orchard Halliwell" ] }
570b01d56b8089140040f6bd
Lancashire
A local pioneer of folk song collection in the first half of the 19th century was Shakespearean scholar James Orchard Halliwell, but it was not until the second folk revival in the 20th century that the full range of song from the county, including industrial folk song, began to gain attention. The county produced one ...
Who did the most to popularize folk songs of the county?
{ "answer_start": [ 402 ], "text": [ "Harry Boardman" ] }
570b01d56b8089140040f6be
Lancashire
A local pioneer of folk song collection in the first half of the 19th century was Shakespearean scholar James Orchard Halliwell, but it was not until the second folk revival in the 20th century that the full range of song from the county, including industrial folk song, began to gain attention. The county produced one ...
Who were the most influential fold artists from the region in the 20th century?
{ "answer_start": [ 643 ], "text": [ "The Spinners" ] }
570b01d56b8089140040f6bf
Lancashire
A local pioneer of folk song collection in the first half of the 19th century was Shakespearean scholar James Orchard Halliwell, but it was not until the second folk revival in the 20th century that the full range of song from the county, including industrial folk song, began to gain attention. The county produced one ...
Who do the many folk clubs today cater to?
{ "answer_start": [ 825 ], "text": [ "Irish and Scottish folk music" ] }
570b01d56b8089140040f6c0
Lancashire
A local pioneer of folk song collection in the first half of the 19th century was Shakespearean scholar James Orchard Halliwell, but it was not until the second folk revival in the 20th century that the full range of song from the county, including industrial folk song, began to gain attention. The county produced one ...
What is one of the regular folk festivals called?
{ "answer_start": [ 891 ], "text": [ "Fylde Folk Festival" ] }
570b02646b8089140040f6c6
Lancashire
The Red Rose of Lancaster is the county flower found on the county's heraldic badge and flag. The rose was a symbol of the House of Lancaster, immortalised in the verse "In the battle for England's head/York was white, Lancaster red" (referring to the 15th-century Wars of the Roses). The traditional Lancashire flag, a ...
What is the county flower of Lancaster?
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "The Red Rose of Lancaster" ] }
570b02646b8089140040f6c7
Lancashire
The Red Rose of Lancaster is the county flower found on the county's heraldic badge and flag. The rose was a symbol of the House of Lancaster, immortalised in the verse "In the battle for England's head/York was white, Lancaster red" (referring to the 15th-century Wars of the Roses). The traditional Lancashire flag, a ...
Where can the red rose of lancaster be found?
{ "answer_start": [ 53 ], "text": [ "on the county's heraldic badge and flag" ] }
570b02646b8089140040f6c8
Lancashire
The Red Rose of Lancaster is the county flower found on the county's heraldic badge and flag. The rose was a symbol of the House of Lancaster, immortalised in the verse "In the battle for England's head/York was white, Lancaster red" (referring to the 15th-century Wars of the Roses). The traditional Lancashire flag, a ...
What is on the traditional Lancashire flag?
{ "answer_start": [ 318 ], "text": [ "a red rose on a white field" ] }
570b02646b8089140040f6c9
Lancashire
The Red Rose of Lancaster is the county flower found on the county's heraldic badge and flag. The rose was a symbol of the House of Lancaster, immortalised in the verse "In the battle for England's head/York was white, Lancaster red" (referring to the 15th-century Wars of the Roses). The traditional Lancashire flag, a ...
What is on the official Lancashire flag?
{ "answer_start": [ 612 ], "text": [ "red rose on a gold field" ] }
570b02646b8089140040f6ca
Lancashire
The Red Rose of Lancaster is the county flower found on the county's heraldic badge and flag. The rose was a symbol of the House of Lancaster, immortalised in the verse "In the battle for England's head/York was white, Lancaster red" (referring to the 15th-century Wars of the Roses). The traditional Lancashire flag, a ...
Whos flag officially is a red rose on a white field?
{ "answer_start": [ 492 ], "text": [ "Montrose in Scotland" ] }
570b03246b8089140040f6d0
Lancashire
More recent Lancashire-born composers include Hugh Wood (1932- Parbold), Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1934-, Salford), Sir Harrison Birtwistle (1934-, Accrington), Gordon Crosse (1937-, Bury),John McCabe (1939-2015, Huyton), Roger Smalley (1943-2015, Swinton), Nigel Osborne (1948-, Manchester), Steve Martland (1954-2013, ...
In what year was Hugh Wood born?
{ "answer_start": [ 57 ], "text": [ "1932" ] }
570b03246b8089140040f6d1
Lancashire
More recent Lancashire-born composers include Hugh Wood (1932- Parbold), Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1934-, Salford), Sir Harrison Birtwistle (1934-, Accrington), Gordon Crosse (1937-, Bury),John McCabe (1939-2015, Huyton), Roger Smalley (1943-2015, Swinton), Nigel Osborne (1948-, Manchester), Steve Martland (1954-2013, ...
Where was Sir Peter Maxwell Davies born?
{ "answer_start": [ 106 ], "text": [ "Salford" ] }
570b03246b8089140040f6d2
Lancashire
More recent Lancashire-born composers include Hugh Wood (1932- Parbold), Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1934-, Salford), Sir Harrison Birtwistle (1934-, Accrington), Gordon Crosse (1937-, Bury),John McCabe (1939-2015, Huyton), Roger Smalley (1943-2015, Swinton), Nigel Osborne (1948-, Manchester), Steve Martland (1954-2013, ...
When was the Royal Manchester College of Music founded?
{ "answer_start": [ 452 ], "text": [ "1893" ] }
570b03246b8089140040f6d3
Lancashire
More recent Lancashire-born composers include Hugh Wood (1932- Parbold), Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1934-, Salford), Sir Harrison Birtwistle (1934-, Accrington), Gordon Crosse (1937-, Bury),John McCabe (1939-2015, Huyton), Roger Smalley (1943-2015, Swinton), Nigel Osborne (1948-, Manchester), Steve Martland (1954-2013, ...
When was the Royal Northern College of Music formed?
{ "answer_start": [ 632 ], "text": [ "1972" ] }
570b03246b8089140040f6d4
Lancashire
More recent Lancashire-born composers include Hugh Wood (1932- Parbold), Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1934-, Salford), Sir Harrison Birtwistle (1934-, Accrington), Gordon Crosse (1937-, Bury),John McCabe (1939-2015, Huyton), Roger Smalley (1943-2015, Swinton), Nigel Osborne (1948-, Manchester), Steve Martland (1954-2013, ...
What did the Royal Manchester College of Music merge with?
{ "answer_start": [ 538 ], "text": [ "the Northern College of Music" ] }
570ac45d4103511400d599b2
Mesozoic
The Early Triassic was between 250 million to 247 million years ago and was dominated by deserts as Pangaea had not yet broken up, thus the interior was nothing but arid. The Earth had just witnessed a massive die-off in which 95% of all life went extinct. The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont...
What era was 250 million to 247 million years ago?
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Early Triassic" ] }
570ac45d4103511400d599b3
Mesozoic
The Early Triassic was between 250 million to 247 million years ago and was dominated by deserts as Pangaea had not yet broken up, thus the interior was nothing but arid. The Earth had just witnessed a massive die-off in which 95% of all life went extinct. The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont...
What geologic climate was found in the Early Triassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 89 ], "text": [ "deserts" ] }
570ac45d4103511400d599b4
Mesozoic
The Early Triassic was between 250 million to 247 million years ago and was dominated by deserts as Pangaea had not yet broken up, thus the interior was nothing but arid. The Earth had just witnessed a massive die-off in which 95% of all life went extinct. The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont...
What landmass was still unbroken in the Early Triassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 100 ], "text": [ "Pangaea" ] }
570ac45d4103511400d599b5
Mesozoic
The Early Triassic was between 250 million to 247 million years ago and was dominated by deserts as Pangaea had not yet broken up, thus the interior was nothing but arid. The Earth had just witnessed a massive die-off in which 95% of all life went extinct. The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont...
What percentage of extinction of species had recently happened??
{ "answer_start": [ 227 ], "text": [ "95%" ] }
570ac45d4103511400d599b6
Mesozoic
The Early Triassic was between 250 million to 247 million years ago and was dominated by deserts as Pangaea had not yet broken up, thus the interior was nothing but arid. The Earth had just witnessed a massive die-off in which 95% of all life went extinct. The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont...
What species had evolved after the extinction and would become the basic predator in the Triassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 410 ], "text": [ "Temnospondyli" ] }
570ac6156d058f19001830dc
Mesozoic
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al...
What event produced further adaptations during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods?
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "climatic changes" ] }
570ac6156d058f19001830dd
Mesozoic
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al...
When was the top of archosaur diversity?
{ "answer_start": [ 102 ], "text": [ "Jurassic" ] }
570ac6156d058f19001830de
Mesozoic
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al...
What species spread towards the poles during the Jurassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 207 ], "text": [ "Angiosperms" ] }
570ac6156d058f19001830df
Mesozoic
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al...
What species dominated many tree floras by the end of the Cretaceous period?
{ "answer_start": [ 411 ], "text": [ "angiosperms" ] }
570ac6156d058f19001830e0
Mesozoic
The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al...
What types of species are thought to still have been dominate until after the extinction?
{ "answer_start": [ 528 ], "text": [ "cycad and ferns" ] }
570ac8206d058f19001830e6
Mesozoic
The lower (Triassic) boundary is set by the Permian–Triassic extinction event, during which approximately 90% to 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct. It is also known as the "Great Dying" because it is considered the largest mass extinction in the Earth's history. The upper (Cretaceo...
What event sets the boundary for the Triassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 44 ], "text": [ "Permian–Triassic extinction" ] }
570ac8206d058f19001830e8
Mesozoic
The lower (Triassic) boundary is set by the Permian–Triassic extinction event, during which approximately 90% to 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct. It is also known as the "Great Dying" because it is considered the largest mass extinction in the Earth's history. The upper (Cretaceo...
How many terrestrial species died during the extinction?
{ "answer_start": [ 139 ], "text": [ "70%" ] }
570ac8206d058f19001830e9
Mesozoic
The lower (Triassic) boundary is set by the Permian–Triassic extinction event, during which approximately 90% to 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct. It is also known as the "Great Dying" because it is considered the largest mass extinction in the Earth's history. The upper (Cretaceo...
What is the largest extinction of species in Earth's history known as?
{ "answer_start": [ 211 ], "text": [ "Great Dying" ] }
570ac8206d058f19001830e7
Mesozoic
The lower (Triassic) boundary is set by the Permian–Triassic extinction event, during which approximately 90% to 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct. It is also known as the "Great Dying" because it is considered the largest mass extinction in the Earth's history. The upper (Cretaceo...
What percentage of marine life died during the extinction?
{ "answer_start": [ 106 ], "text": [ "90% to 96%" ] }
570ac8206d058f19001830ea
Mesozoic
The lower (Triassic) boundary is set by the Permian–Triassic extinction event, during which approximately 90% to 96% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct. It is also known as the "Great Dying" because it is considered the largest mass extinction in the Earth's history. The upper (Cretaceo...
What is the possible cause of the upper Cretaceous extinction event ?
{ "answer_start": [ 446 ], "text": [ "K–Pg) extinction" ] }
570aca224103511400d599e4
Mesozoic
The Late Cretaceous spans from 100 million to 65 million years ago. The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period. Eventually, tropics were restricted to the equator and areas beyond the tropic lines featured extreme seasonal changes in weather. Dinosaurs still thrived as ne...
What is the span of the Late Cretaceous period?
{ "answer_start": [ 31 ], "text": [ "100 million to 65 million years" ] }
570aca224103511400d599e5
Mesozoic
The Late Cretaceous spans from 100 million to 65 million years ago. The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period. Eventually, tropics were restricted to the equator and areas beyond the tropic lines featured extreme seasonal changes in weather. Dinosaurs still thrived as ne...
What weather trend ocured in the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic periods?
{ "answer_start": [ 99 ], "text": [ "cooling" ] }
570aca224103511400d599e6
Mesozoic
The Late Cretaceous spans from 100 million to 65 million years ago. The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period. Eventually, tropics were restricted to the equator and areas beyond the tropic lines featured extreme seasonal changes in weather. Dinosaurs still thrived as ne...
What climate was restricted to the equatorial areas?
{ "answer_start": [ 172 ], "text": [ "tropics" ] }
570aca224103511400d599e7
Mesozoic
The Late Cretaceous spans from 100 million to 65 million years ago. The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period. Eventually, tropics were restricted to the equator and areas beyond the tropic lines featured extreme seasonal changes in weather. Dinosaurs still thrived as ne...
What type of weather changes did areas outside of the tropics experience?
{ "answer_start": [ 254 ], "text": [ "extreme seasonal changes" ] }
570aca224103511400d599e8
Mesozoic
The Late Cretaceous spans from 100 million to 65 million years ago. The Late Cretaceous featured a cooling trend that would continue on in the Cenozoic period. Eventually, tropics were restricted to the equator and areas beyond the tropic lines featured extreme seasonal changes in weather. Dinosaurs still thrived as ne...
What event ended the age of the dinosaur by causing a 75% extinction?
{ "answer_start": [ 831 ], "text": [ "K-T Extinction" ] }
570acc2d4103511400d59a08
Mesozoic
The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than to...
What is uncertain about the Cretaceous?
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "climate" ] }
570acc2d4103511400d59a09
Mesozoic
The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than to...
What atmospheric gas caused temperatures levels to be 10 degrees higher than today?
{ "answer_start": [ 89 ], "text": [ "carbon dioxide" ] }
570acc2d4103511400d59a0b
Mesozoic
The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than to...
During the Cretaceous what climate was thought to be found in areas near the seas?
{ "answer_start": [ 562 ], "text": [ "deserts" ] }
570acc2d4103511400d59a0c
Mesozoic
The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than to...
What did large amounts of deposited un-decomposed organic matter later become?
{ "answer_start": [ 819 ], "text": [ "black shale" ] }
570acc2d4103511400d59a0a
Mesozoic
The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than to...
What was about equal across the planet?
{ "answer_start": [ 223 ], "text": [ "temperatures" ] }
570ace2c4103511400d59a1a
Mesozoic
The Late Triassic spans from 237 million to 200 million years ago. Following the bloom of the Middle Triassic, the Late Triassic featured frequent heat spells, as well as moderate precipitation (10-20 inches per year). The recent warming led to a boom of reptilian evolution on land as the first true dinosaurs evolve, a...
What was the span of the Late Triassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 29 ], "text": [ "237 million to 200 million years" ] }
570ace2c4103511400d59a1b
Mesozoic
The Late Triassic spans from 237 million to 200 million years ago. Following the bloom of the Middle Triassic, the Late Triassic featured frequent heat spells, as well as moderate precipitation (10-20 inches per year). The recent warming led to a boom of reptilian evolution on land as the first true dinosaurs evolve, a...
Besides moderate precipitation, what weather conditions did the Late Triassic have?
{ "answer_start": [ 147 ], "text": [ "heat spells" ] }
570ace2c4103511400d59a1c
Mesozoic
The Late Triassic spans from 237 million to 200 million years ago. Following the bloom of the Middle Triassic, the Late Triassic featured frequent heat spells, as well as moderate precipitation (10-20 inches per year). The recent warming led to a boom of reptilian evolution on land as the first true dinosaurs evolve, a...
When did the first dinosaurs evolve?
{ "answer_start": [ 120 ], "text": [ "Triassic" ] }
570ace2c4103511400d59a1d
Mesozoic
The Late Triassic spans from 237 million to 200 million years ago. Following the bloom of the Middle Triassic, the Late Triassic featured frequent heat spells, as well as moderate precipitation (10-20 inches per year). The recent warming led to a boom of reptilian evolution on land as the first true dinosaurs evolve, a...
According to theory, what did climate change in the Late Triassic cause?
{ "answer_start": [ 418 ], "text": [ "Triassic-Jurassic extinction" ] }
570ace2c4103511400d59a1e
Mesozoic
The Late Triassic spans from 237 million to 200 million years ago. Following the bloom of the Middle Triassic, the Late Triassic featured frequent heat spells, as well as moderate precipitation (10-20 inches per year). The recent warming led to a boom of reptilian evolution on land as the first true dinosaurs evolve, a...
What was the only archosaur to survive the fourth mass extinction?
{ "answer_start": [ 497 ], "text": [ "crocodiles" ] }
570acf964103511400d59a24
Mesozoic
The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as h...
What is the span of the Early Cretaceous?
{ "answer_start": [ 32 ], "text": [ "145 million to 100 million years" ] }
570acf964103511400d59a25
Mesozoic
The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as h...
What event of the Early Cretaceous caused the extinction of several species?
{ "answer_start": [ 99 ], "text": [ "expansion of seaways" ] }
570acf964103511400d59a26
Mesozoic
The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as h...
What species died out due to the expansion of coastal shallows?
{ "answer_start": [ 257 ], "text": [ "Ichthyosaurs" ] }
570acf964103511400d59a27
Mesozoic
The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as h...
What species dominated the seas?
{ "answer_start": [ 282 ], "text": [ "Mosasaurs" ] }
570acf964103511400d59a28
Mesozoic
The Early Cretaceous spans from 145 million to 100 million years ago. The Early Cretaceous saw the expansion of seaways, and as a result, the decline and extinction of sauropods (except in South America). Many coastal shallows were created, and that caused Ichthyosaurs to die out. Mosasaurs evolved to replace them as h...
What dinosaur spread to every continent?
{ "answer_start": [ 654 ], "text": [ "Iguanodon" ] }
570ad1354103511400d59a34
Mesozoic
Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringi...
What caused the sea to rise during the Jurassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 78 ], "text": [ "increase in seafloor" ] }
570ad1354103511400d59a35
Mesozoic
Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringi...
Rising seas and displaced waters caused what element along the coasts?
{ "answer_start": [ 232 ], "text": [ "flooded coastal areas" ] }
570ad1354103511400d59a36
Mesozoic
Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringi...
Pangaea beginning to break apart created what new sea?
{ "answer_start": [ 379 ], "text": [ "Tethys Sea" ] }
570ad1354103511400d59a37
Mesozoic
Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringi...
What weather condition increased?
{ "answer_start": [ 391 ], "text": [ "Temperatures" ] }
570ad1354103511400d59a38
Mesozoic
Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringi...
As humidity increased what land area decreased?
{ "answer_start": [ 507 ], "text": [ "deserts" ] }
570ad7b26d058f190018311a
Mesozoic
The Early Jurassic spans from 200 million years to 175 million years ago. The climate was much more humid than the Triassic, and as a result, the world was very tropical. In the oceans, Plesiosaurs, Ichthyosaurs and Ammonites fill waters as the dominant races of the seas. On land, dinosaurs and other reptiles stake the...
What is the span of years for the Early Jurassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 30 ], "text": [ "200 million years to 175 million" ] }
570ad7b26d058f190018311c
Mesozoic
The Early Jurassic spans from 200 million years to 175 million years ago. The climate was much more humid than the Triassic, and as a result, the world was very tropical. In the oceans, Plesiosaurs, Ichthyosaurs and Ammonites fill waters as the dominant races of the seas. On land, dinosaurs and other reptiles stake the...
Besides Ichthyosaurs and Ammonites, what was the other dominate species in the seas?
{ "answer_start": [ 186 ], "text": [ "Plesiosaurs" ] }
570ad7b26d058f190018311d
Mesozoic
The Early Jurassic spans from 200 million years to 175 million years ago. The climate was much more humid than the Triassic, and as a result, the world was very tropical. In the oceans, Plesiosaurs, Ichthyosaurs and Ammonites fill waters as the dominant races of the seas. On land, dinosaurs and other reptiles stake the...
What was the highest order of species n land?
{ "answer_start": [ 384 ], "text": [ "Dilophosaurus" ] }
570ad7b26d058f190018311e
Mesozoic
The Early Jurassic spans from 200 million years to 175 million years ago. The climate was much more humid than the Triassic, and as a result, the world was very tropical. In the oceans, Plesiosaurs, Ichthyosaurs and Ammonites fill waters as the dominant races of the seas. On land, dinosaurs and other reptiles stake the...
What other order evolved during the Jurassic?
{ "answer_start": [ 564 ], "text": [ "true mammals" ] }
570ad7b26d058f190018311b
Mesozoic
The Early Jurassic spans from 200 million years to 175 million years ago. The climate was much more humid than the Triassic, and as a result, the world was very tropical. In the oceans, Plesiosaurs, Ichthyosaurs and Ammonites fill waters as the dominant races of the seas. On land, dinosaurs and other reptiles stake the...
What feature of the climate produced a more tropical world?
{ "answer_start": [ 95 ], "text": [ "more humid" ] }
570ad9e64103511400d59a9a
Mesozoic
Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan M...
At what time was tectonic formation mild?
{ "answer_start": [ 83 ], "text": [ "Mesozoic" ] }
570ad9e64103511400d59a9b
Mesozoic
Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan M...
Where did the basic geological changes of this period occur?
{ "answer_start": [ 197 ], "text": [ "Arctic" ] }
570ad9e64103511400d59a9c
Mesozoic
Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan M...
What supercontinent split to form two smaller continents?
{ "answer_start": [ 566 ], "text": [ "Pangaea" ] }
570ad9e64103511400d59a9d
Mesozoic
Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan M...
What was the northern continent split from Pangaea?
{ "answer_start": [ 617 ], "text": [ "Laurasia" ] }
570ad9e64103511400d59a9e
Mesozoic
Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan M...
What was Pangaea's southern continent called?
{ "answer_start": [ 653 ], "text": [ "Gondwana" ] }