id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
571015bea58dae1900cd6877 | Sexual_orientation | Using androphilia and gynephilia can avoid confusion and offense when describing people in non-western cultures, as well as when describing intersex and transgender people. Psychiatrist Anil Aggrawal explains that androphilia, along with gynephilia, "is needed to overcome immense difficulties in characterizing the sexu... | Why does psychiatrist Anil Aggrawal say androphilia and gynephilia are needed terms? | {
"answer_start": [
678
],
"text": [
"the affected s"
]
} |
571015bea58dae1900cd6878 | Sexual_orientation | Using androphilia and gynephilia can avoid confusion and offense when describing people in non-western cultures, as well as when describing intersex and transgender people. Psychiatrist Anil Aggrawal explains that androphilia, along with gynephilia, "is needed to overcome immense difficulties in characterizing the sexu... | What can attempting to label members of the LGBT community cause? | {
"answer_start": [
643
],
"text": [
"confusion"
]
} |
571015bea58dae1900cd6879 | Sexual_orientation | Using androphilia and gynephilia can avoid confusion and offense when describing people in non-western cultures, as well as when describing intersex and transgender people. Psychiatrist Anil Aggrawal explains that androphilia, along with gynephilia, "is needed to overcome immense difficulties in characterizing the sexu... | What does MIlton Diamond say about the terms heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual? | {
"answer_start": [
938
],
"text": [
"are better used as adjectives, not nouns, and are better applied to behaviors, not people."
]
} |
571015bea58dae1900cd687a | Sexual_orientation | Using androphilia and gynephilia can avoid confusion and offense when describing people in non-western cultures, as well as when describing intersex and transgender people. Psychiatrist Anil Aggrawal explains that androphilia, along with gynephilia, "is needed to overcome immense difficulties in characterizing the sexu... | What advantages do the terms androphilia and gynephilia have? | {
"answer_start": [
1069
],
"text": [
"when discussing the partners of transsexual or intersexed individuals"
]
} |
57101794b654c5140001f7c9 | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexu... | What has the KInsey scaled been praised for? | {
"answer_start": [
38
],
"text": [
"dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality."
]
} |
57101794b654c5140001f7ca | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexu... | What has the Kinsey scale been critisized for? | {
"answer_start": [
196
],
"text": [
"because it is still not a true continuum"
]
} |
57101794b654c5140001f7cb | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexu... | How many categories are used in the KInsey scale? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"seven"
]
} |
57101794b654c5140001f7cc | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexu... | In a study by Masters and Johnson what did the find difficult about KIneys ratings? | {
"answer_start": [
651
],
"text": [
"to determine the relative amount heterosexual and homosexual experience and response in a person's history when using the scale"
]
} |
57101794b654c5140001f7cd | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexu... | What in somebodys past caused problems for the Kinsey scale? | {
"answer_start": [
856
],
"text": [
"a large number of heterosexual and homosexual experiences"
]
} |
57101890b654c5140001f7d3 | Sexual_orientation | The SASO consists of 12 questions. Six of these questions assess sexual attraction, four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity. For each question on the scale that measures homosexuality there is a corresponding question that measures heterosexuality giving six matching pairs of questions. ... | How many questions does the SASO contain? | {
"answer_start": [
21
],
"text": [
"12"
]
} |
57101890b654c5140001f7d4 | Sexual_orientation | The SASO consists of 12 questions. Six of these questions assess sexual attraction, four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity. For each question on the scale that measures homosexuality there is a corresponding question that measures heterosexuality giving six matching pairs of questions. ... | What do six of the questions asses? | {
"answer_start": [
65
],
"text": [
"sexual attraction"
]
} |
57101890b654c5140001f7d5 | Sexual_orientation | The SASO consists of 12 questions. Six of these questions assess sexual attraction, four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity. For each question on the scale that measures homosexuality there is a corresponding question that measures heterosexuality giving six matching pairs of questions. ... | What do the other six questions asses? | {
"answer_start": [
84
],
"text": [
"four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity"
]
} |
57101890b654c5140001f7d6 | Sexual_orientation | The SASO consists of 12 questions. Six of these questions assess sexual attraction, four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity. For each question on the scale that measures homosexuality there is a corresponding question that measures heterosexuality giving six matching pairs of questions. ... | What questions corresponds to the homosexual ones? | {
"answer_start": [
264
],
"text": [
"heterosexuality"
]
} |
57101890b654c5140001f7d7 | Sexual_orientation | The SASO consists of 12 questions. Six of these questions assess sexual attraction, four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity. For each question on the scale that measures homosexuality there is a corresponding question that measures heterosexuality giving six matching pairs of questions. ... | How are the results simplified when using the SASO? | {
"answer_start": [
481
],
"text": [
"into four summaries that look specifically at responses that correspond to either homosexuality, heterosexuality, bisexuality or asexuality."
]
} |
571019efa58dae1900cd6886 | Sexual_orientation | The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established. To date, a lot of research has been conducted to determine the influence of genetics, hormonal action, development dynamics, social and cultural influences—which has led many to think that biology and environment factors... | Has the cause for sexual orientation been found yet? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established"
]
} |
571019efa58dae1900cd6887 | Sexual_orientation | The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established. To date, a lot of research has been conducted to determine the influence of genetics, hormonal action, development dynamics, social and cultural influences—which has led many to think that biology and environment factors... | What has the research that has been conducted for the influence of genetics made many people think? | {
"answer_start": [
284
],
"text": [
"that biology and environment factors play a complex role in forming it"
]
} |
571019efa58dae1900cd6888 | Sexual_orientation | The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established. To date, a lot of research has been conducted to determine the influence of genetics, hormonal action, development dynamics, social and cultural influences—which has led many to think that biology and environment factors... | What was once thought to cause homosexuality? | {
"answer_start": [
399
],
"text": [
"the result of faulty psychological development"
]
} |
571019efa58dae1900cd6889 | Sexual_orientation | The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established. To date, a lot of research has been conducted to determine the influence of genetics, hormonal action, development dynamics, social and cultural influences—which has led many to think that biology and environment factors... | What was found out about the theory of faulty psychological development being the cause for homosexuality? | {
"answer_start": [
569
],
"text": [
"this was based on prejudice and misinformation."
]
} |
57101b41a58dae1900cd6898 | Sexual_orientation | One of the uses for scales that assess sexual orientation is determining what the prevalence of different sexual orientations are within a population. Depending on subject's age, culture and sex, the prevalence rates of homosexuality vary depending on which component of sexual orientation is being assessed: sexual attr... | What can the scales for sexual orientation be used for? | {
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"determining what the prevalence of different sexual orientations are within a population"
]
} |
57101b41a58dae1900cd6899 | Sexual_orientation | One of the uses for scales that assess sexual orientation is determining what the prevalence of different sexual orientations are within a population. Depending on subject's age, culture and sex, the prevalence rates of homosexuality vary depending on which component of sexual orientation is being assessed: sexual attr... | What will cause the amount of homosexuality to vary? | {
"answer_start": [
252
],
"text": [
"which component of sexual orientation is being assessed"
]
} |
57101b41a58dae1900cd689a | Sexual_orientation | One of the uses for scales that assess sexual orientation is determining what the prevalence of different sexual orientations are within a population. Depending on subject's age, culture and sex, the prevalence rates of homosexuality vary depending on which component of sexual orientation is being assessed: sexual attr... | Out of sexual attraction, sexual behovior, and sexual identity which will show more accurately the amount of homosexuals in a population? | {
"answer_start": [
365
],
"text": [
"Assessing sexual attraction will yield the greatest prevalence of homosexuality in a population"
]
} |
57101c35b654c5140001f801 | Sexual_orientation | As female fetuses have two X chromosomes and male ones a XY pair, the chromosome Y is the responsible for producing male differentiation on the defect female development. The differentiation process is driven by androgen hormones, mainly testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The newly formed testicles in the fetu... | Which chromosome is responsible for produlcing male differentiation on defect female development? | {
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"chromosome Y"
]
} |
57101c35b654c5140001f802 | Sexual_orientation | As female fetuses have two X chromosomes and male ones a XY pair, the chromosome Y is the responsible for producing male differentiation on the defect female development. The differentiation process is driven by androgen hormones, mainly testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The newly formed testicles in the fetu... | What is the differentiation process driven by? | {
"answer_start": [
212
],
"text": [
"androgen hormones,"
]
} |
57101c35b654c5140001f803 | Sexual_orientation | As female fetuses have two X chromosomes and male ones a XY pair, the chromosome Y is the responsible for producing male differentiation on the defect female development. The differentiation process is driven by androgen hormones, mainly testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The newly formed testicles in the fetu... | What results in sexual differences in males and females? | {
"answer_start": [
346
],
"text": [
"secretion of androgens, that will cooperate in driving the sexual differentiation of the developing fetus, included its brain"
]
} |
57101c35b654c5140001f804 | Sexual_orientation | As female fetuses have two X chromosomes and male ones a XY pair, the chromosome Y is the responsible for producing male differentiation on the defect female development. The differentiation process is driven by androgen hormones, mainly testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The newly formed testicles in the fetu... | What have scientist began to test due to the fact that adrogen results in sexual differences? | {
"answer_start": [
593
],
"text": [
"the result of modifying androgen exposure levels in mammals during fetus and early life"
]
} |
57101dc2b654c5140001f809 | Sexual_orientation | One of the earliest sexual orientation classification schemes was proposed in the 1860s by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in a series of pamphlets he published privately. The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings. An urning ... | Who created on of the earliest sexual classification schemes? | {
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"Karl Heinrich Ulrichs"
]
} |
57101dc2b654c5140001f80a | Sexual_orientation | One of the earliest sexual orientation classification schemes was proposed in the 1860s by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in a series of pamphlets he published privately. The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings. An urning ... | When did Karl Heinrich Ulrichs develop this classification scheme? | {
"answer_start": [
75
],
"text": [
"in the 1860s"
]
} |
57101dc2b654c5140001f80b | Sexual_orientation | One of the earliest sexual orientation classification schemes was proposed in the 1860s by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in a series of pamphlets he published privately. The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings. An urning ... | Was his classification scheme meant for males or females? | {
"answer_start": [
199
],
"text": [
"meant only to describe males"
]
} |
57101dc2b654c5140001f80c | Sexual_orientation | One of the earliest sexual orientation classification schemes was proposed in the 1860s by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in a series of pamphlets he published privately. The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings. An urning ... | What three categories are used in Ulrichs scheme? | {
"answer_start": [
273
],
"text": [
"dionings, urnings and uranodionings"
]
} |
57101dc2b654c5140001f80d | Sexual_orientation | One of the earliest sexual orientation classification schemes was proposed in the 1860s by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in a series of pamphlets he published privately. The classification scheme, which was meant only to describe males, separated them into three basic categories: dionings, urnings and uranodionings. An urning ... | What did these three categories correspond with? | {
"answer_start": [
414
],
"text": [
"the categories of sexual orientation used today:"
]
} |
57101eefa58dae1900cd68b2 | Sexual_orientation | Weinrich et al. (1993) and Weinberg et al. (1994) criticized the scale for lumping individuals who are different based on different dimensions of sexuality into the same categories. When applying the scale, Kinsey considered two dimensions of sexual orientation: overt sexual experience and psychosexual reactions. Valua... | What did both Weinrich and Weinberg critisize the KInsey scale for? | {
"answer_start": [
75
],
"text": [
"lumping individuals who are different based on different dimensions of sexuality into the same categories."
]
} |
57101eefa58dae1900cd68b3 | Sexual_orientation | Weinrich et al. (1993) and Weinberg et al. (1994) criticized the scale for lumping individuals who are different based on different dimensions of sexuality into the same categories. When applying the scale, Kinsey considered two dimensions of sexual orientation: overt sexual experience and psychosexual reactions. Valua... | What caused valuable information to be lost while using the KInsey scale? | {
"answer_start": [
348
],
"text": [
"collapsing the two values into one final score"
]
} |
57101eefa58dae1900cd68b4 | Sexual_orientation | Weinrich et al. (1993) and Weinberg et al. (1994) criticized the scale for lumping individuals who are different based on different dimensions of sexuality into the same categories. When applying the scale, Kinsey considered two dimensions of sexual orientation: overt sexual experience and psychosexual reactions. Valua... | Why was collapsing the two values into one score a problem? | {
"answer_start": [
396
],
"text": [
"A person who has only predominantly same sex reactions is different from someone with relatively little reaction but lots of same sex experience"
]
} |
57101eefa58dae1900cd68b5 | Sexual_orientation | Weinrich et al. (1993) and Weinberg et al. (1994) criticized the scale for lumping individuals who are different based on different dimensions of sexuality into the same categories. When applying the scale, Kinsey considered two dimensions of sexual orientation: overt sexual experience and psychosexual reactions. Valua... | How could Kinsey have avoided losing this crucial information? | {
"answer_start": [
585
],
"text": [
"to have measured the two dimensions separately and report scores independently to avoid loss of information"
]
} |
57101eefa58dae1900cd68b6 | Sexual_orientation | Weinrich et al. (1993) and Weinberg et al. (1994) criticized the scale for lumping individuals who are different based on different dimensions of sexuality into the same categories. When applying the scale, Kinsey considered two dimensions of sexual orientation: overt sexual experience and psychosexual reactions. Valua... | Besides behavior and reactions what else could have been used in the KInsey scale? | {
"answer_start": [
804
],
"text": [
"one could also assess attraction, identification, lifestyle"
]
} |
57102005a58dae1900cd68c6 | Sexual_orientation | Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual id... | What questions did Sell consider the most important on the KInsey scale? | {
"answer_start": [
51
],
"text": [
"those assessing sexual attraction"
]
} |
57102005a58dae1900cd68c7 | Sexual_orientation | Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual id... | Why did Sell consider the questions regarding sexual attraction the most important? | {
"answer_start": [
113
],
"text": [
"sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation"
]
} |
57102005a58dae1900cd68c8 | Sexual_orientation | Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual id... | Rather than define sexual orientation as sexual idenity or behavior what did Sell define it as? | {
"answer_start": [
212
],
"text": [
"extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither"
]
} |
57102005a58dae1900cd68c9 | Sexual_orientation | Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual id... | What is a huge concern for SASO? | {
"answer_start": [
568
],
"text": [
"the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined."
]
} |
571022d9b654c5140001f83b | Sexual_orientation | The variance in prevalence rates is reflected in people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time. Laumann et al., (1994) found that among U.S. adults 20% of those who would be considered homosexual on one component of orie... | What reflects the prevalence rates varying? | {
"answer_start": [
49
],
"text": [
"people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time"
]
} |
571022d9b654c5140001f83c | Sexual_orientation | The variance in prevalence rates is reflected in people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time. Laumann et al., (1994) found that among U.S. adults 20% of those who would be considered homosexual on one component of orie... | What does it mean when someones sexualiity is fluid? | {
"answer_start": [
507
],
"text": [
"such that one's sexual orientation is not necessarily stable or consistent over time but is subject to change throughout life."
]
} |
571022d9b654c5140001f83d | Sexual_orientation | The variance in prevalence rates is reflected in people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time. Laumann et al., (1994) found that among U.S. adults 20% of those who would be considered homosexual on one component of orie... | What did Diamond find about the women? | {
"answer_start": [
660
],
"text": [
"over 7 years 2/3 of the women changed their sexual identity at least once,"
]
} |
571022d9b654c5140001f83e | Sexual_orientation | The variance in prevalence rates is reflected in people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time. Laumann et al., (1994) found that among U.S. adults 20% of those who would be considered homosexual on one component of orie... | What did women acknowledge who considered themselves as lesbian or bisexual? | {
"answer_start": [
979
],
"text": [
"the possibility for future same sex attractions and/or behaviour"
]
} |
571022d9b654c5140001f83f | Sexual_orientation | The variance in prevalence rates is reflected in people's inconsistent responses to the different components of sexual orientation within a study and the instability of their responses over time. Laumann et al., (1994) found that among U.S. adults 20% of those who would be considered homosexual on one component of orie... | What makes it difficult to determine if someone is homosexual or not? | {
"answer_start": [
1193
],
"text": [
"individuals classified as homosexual in one study might not be identified the same way in another depending on which components are assessed"
]
} |
571023e0b654c5140001f845 | Sexual_orientation | Because sexual orientation is complex and multi-dimensional, some academics and researchers, especially in queer studies, have argued that it is a historical and social construction. In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in ... | Why do researches in homosexual studies argued that it is a social and historical constuction? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Because sexual orientation is complex and multi-dimensional"
]
} |
571023e0b654c5140001f846 | Sexual_orientation | Because sexual orientation is complex and multi-dimensional, some academics and researchers, especially in queer studies, have argued that it is a historical and social construction. In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in ... | Which philosopher argued homosexuality did not exist as an idenity in the eighteenth century? | {
"answer_start": [
218
],
"text": [
"Michel Foucault"
]
} |
571023e0b654c5140001f847 | Sexual_orientation | Because sexual orientation is complex and multi-dimensional, some academics and researchers, especially in queer studies, have argued that it is a historical and social construction. In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in ... | In what year did Michel Foucalt publish The History Of Sexuality? | {
"answer_start": [
186
],
"text": [
"1976"
]
} |
571023e0b654c5140001f848 | Sexual_orientation | Because sexual orientation is complex and multi-dimensional, some academics and researchers, especially in queer studies, have argued that it is a historical and social construction. In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in ... | What did he state was an invention of the modern state? | {
"answer_start": [
518
],
"text": [
"'Sexuality"
]
} |
571023e0b654c5140001f849 | Sexual_orientation | Because sexual orientation is complex and multi-dimensional, some academics and researchers, especially in queer studies, have argued that it is a historical and social construction. In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in ... | What was a crime in the eighteenth century that could cause severe punishment but was mostly ignored? | {
"answer_start": [
414
],
"text": [
"Sodomy"
]
} |
571024daa58dae1900cd6914 | Sexual_orientation | Some researchers who study sexual orientation argue that the concept may not apply similarly to men and women. A study of sexual arousal patterns found that women, when viewing erotic films which show female-female, male-male and male-female sexual activity (oral sex or penetration), have patterns of arousal which do n... | What do some researchers argue about the idea of sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
57
],
"text": [
"the concept may not apply similarly to men and women"
]
} |
571024daa58dae1900cd6915 | Sexual_orientation | Some researchers who study sexual orientation argue that the concept may not apply similarly to men and women. A study of sexual arousal patterns found that women, when viewing erotic films which show female-female, male-male and male-female sexual activity (oral sex or penetration), have patterns of arousal which do n... | What have studies found about women and their believed sexual orientations? | {
"answer_start": [
201
],
"text": [
"female-female, male-male and male-female sexual activity (oral sex or penetration), have patterns of arousal which do not match"
]
} |
571024daa58dae1900cd6916 | Sexual_orientation | Some researchers who study sexual orientation argue that the concept may not apply similarly to men and women. A study of sexual arousal patterns found that women, when viewing erotic films which show female-female, male-male and male-female sexual activity (oral sex or penetration), have patterns of arousal which do n... | What did the studies reveal about men and their declared sexual preference? | {
"answer_start": [
616
],
"text": [
"men's sexual arousal patterns tend to be more in line with their stated orientations,"
]
} |
571025e8a58dae1900cd6924 | Sexual_orientation | Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/hetereosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of se... | What does research show about sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
42
],
"text": [
"is independent of cultural and other social influences"
]
} |
571025e8a58dae1900cd6925 | Sexual_orientation | Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/hetereosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of se... | What can being openly gay be hindered by? | {
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"homophobic/hetereosexist settings."
]
} |
571025e8a58dae1900cd6927 | Sexual_orientation | Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/hetereosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of se... | What group of the LGBT community are the most researched? | {
"answer_start": [
510
],
"text": [
"white, middle-class, well-educated"
]
} |
571025e8a58dae1900cd6926 | Sexual_orientation | Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/hetereosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of se... | What social systems can greatly influence someone realization of their sexual preference? | {
"answer_start": [
232
],
"text": [
"religion, language and ethnic traditions"
]
} |
571025e8a58dae1900cd6928 | Sexual_orientation | Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/hetereosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of se... | What does the american culture put a large emphasis on? | {
"answer_start": [
1138
],
"text": [
"individual attributes, and views the self as unchangeable and constant."
]
} |
5710282db654c5140001f87f | Sexual_orientation | Some other cultures do not recognize a homosexual/heterosexual/bisexual distinction. It is common to distinguish a person's sexuality according to their sexual role (active/passive; insertive/penetrated). In this distinction, the passive role is typically associated with femininity and/or inferiority, while the active ... | What is a common way to determine a persons sexuality? | {
"answer_start": [
134
],
"text": [
"according to their sexual role (active/passive; insertive/penetrated)"
]
} |
5710282db654c5140001f880 | Sexual_orientation | Some other cultures do not recognize a homosexual/heterosexual/bisexual distinction. It is common to distinguish a person's sexuality according to their sexual role (active/passive; insertive/penetrated). In this distinction, the passive role is typically associated with femininity and/or inferiority, while the active ... | When deteerming sexual preference this way what is the passive role associated with? | {
"answer_start": [
272
],
"text": [
"femininity and/or inferiority"
]
} |
5710282db654c5140001f881 | Sexual_orientation | Some other cultures do not recognize a homosexual/heterosexual/bisexual distinction. It is common to distinguish a person's sexuality according to their sexual role (active/passive; insertive/penetrated). In this distinction, the passive role is typically associated with femininity and/or inferiority, while the active ... | When determining sexual preference this way what is the active role associated with? | {
"answer_start": [
354
],
"text": [
"masculinity and/or superiority"
]
} |
5710282db654c5140001f882 | Sexual_orientation | Some other cultures do not recognize a homosexual/heterosexual/bisexual distinction. It is common to distinguish a person's sexuality according to their sexual role (active/passive; insertive/penetrated). In this distinction, the passive role is typically associated with femininity and/or inferiority, while the active ... | How much is known about lesbians and bisexual women in these cultures? | {
"answer_start": [
868
],
"text": [
"Little"
]
} |
57102bb6b654c5140001f887 | Sexual_orientation | Though researchers generally believe that sexual orientation is not determined by any one factor but by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, with biological factors involving a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, they favor biological models for the cause... | What do researchers generally believe causes sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
104
],
"text": [
"a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences"
]
} |
57102bb6b654c5140001f888 | Sexual_orientation | Though researchers generally believe that sexual orientation is not determined by any one factor but by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, with biological factors involving a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, they favor biological models for the cause... | What biological factors do they believe plays a complicated part in sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
204
],
"text": [
"a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, they favor biological models for the cause"
]
} |
57102bb6b654c5140001f889 | Sexual_orientation | Though researchers generally believe that sexual orientation is not determined by any one factor but by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, with biological factors involving a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, they favor biological models for the cause... | What do they believe about sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
362
],
"text": [
"not a choice, and some of them believe that it is established at conception."
]
} |
57102bb6b654c5140001f88a | Sexual_orientation | Though researchers generally believe that sexual orientation is not determined by any one factor but by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, with biological factors involving a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, they favor biological models for the cause... | What differences hace scientist found in certain studies? | {
"answer_start": [
832
],
"text": [
"statistical biological differences between gay people and heterosexuals"
]
} |
57102bb6b654c5140001f88b | Sexual_orientation | Though researchers generally believe that sexual orientation is not determined by any one factor but by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences, with biological factors involving a complex interplay of genetic factors and the early uterine environment, they favor biological models for the cause... | What can these results be caused from? | {
"answer_start": [
927
],
"text": [
"the same underlying cause as sexual orientation itself"
]
} |
57102d7aa58dae1900cd6942 | Sexual_orientation | Sexual orientation is argued as a concept that evolved in the industrialized West, and there is a controversy as to the universality of its application in other societies or cultures. Non-westernized concepts of male sexuality differ essentially from the way sexuality is seen and classified under the Western system of ... | What concept is sexual orientation argued as? | {
"answer_start": [
32
],
"text": [
"a concept that evolved in the industrialized West"
]
} |
57102d7aa58dae1900cd6943 | Sexual_orientation | Sexual orientation is argued as a concept that evolved in the industrialized West, and there is a controversy as to the universality of its application in other societies or cultures. Non-westernized concepts of male sexuality differ essentially from the way sexuality is seen and classified under the Western system of ... | What is causing contreversy as to the concept of sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
116
],
"text": [
"the universality of its application in other societies or cultures"
]
} |
57102d7aa58dae1900cd6944 | Sexual_orientation | Sexual orientation is argued as a concept that evolved in the industrialized West, and there is a controversy as to the universality of its application in other societies or cultures. Non-westernized concepts of male sexuality differ essentially from the way sexuality is seen and classified under the Western system of ... | What is the notion of sexual orientation in west defined as? | {
"answer_start": [
433
],
"text": [
"as a biological phenomenon rather than a social construction specific to a region and period"
]
} |
57102e9eb654c5140001f891 | Sexual_orientation | Some researchers, such as Bruce Bagemihl, have criticized the labels "heterosexual" and "homosexual" as confusing and degrading. Bagemihl writes, "...the point of reference for 'heterosexual' or 'homosexual' orientation in this nomenclature is solely the individual's genetic sex prior to reassignment (see for example, ... | What does Bruce criticize the labels heterosexual and homsexual as? | {
"answer_start": [
104
],
"text": [
"confusing and degrading"
]
} |
57102e9eb654c5140001f892 | Sexual_orientation | Some researchers, such as Bruce Bagemihl, have criticized the labels "heterosexual" and "homosexual" as confusing and degrading. Bagemihl writes, "...the point of reference for 'heterosexual' or 'homosexual' orientation in this nomenclature is solely the individual's genetic sex prior to reassignment (see for example, ... | What does Bruce Bagemilh write about the labels homosexual and heterosexual terms? | {
"answer_start": [
387
],
"text": [
". These labels thereby ignore the individual's personal sense of gender identity taking precedence over biological sex, rather than the other way around"
]
} |
57102e9eb654c5140001f893 | Sexual_orientation | Some researchers, such as Bruce Bagemihl, have criticized the labels "heterosexual" and "homosexual" as confusing and degrading. Bagemihl writes, "...the point of reference for 'heterosexual' or 'homosexual' orientation in this nomenclature is solely the individual's genetic sex prior to reassignment (see for example, ... | What does Bagemihl say a major issue with this terminology is? | {
"answer_start": [
609
],
"text": [
"it easy to claim transsexuals are really homosexual males seeking to escape from stigma."
]
} |
57102f4eb654c5140001f897 | Sexual_orientation | Often, sexual orientation and sexual orientation identity are not distinguished, which can impact accurately assessing sexual identity and whether or not sexual orientation is able to change; sexual orientation identity can change throughout an individual's life, and may or may not align with biological sex, sexual beh... | What can impact accurately assesing sexual identity? | {
"answer_start": [
7
],
"text": [
"sexual orientation and sexual orientation identity are not distinguished"
]
} |
57102f4eb654c5140001f898 | Sexual_orientation | Often, sexual orientation and sexual orientation identity are not distinguished, which can impact accurately assessing sexual identity and whether or not sexual orientation is able to change; sexual orientation identity can change throughout an individual's life, and may or may not align with biological sex, sexual beh... | What does the Centre For Addiction and Mental heal along with the American Psychiatric association state about sexual orientation? | {
"answer_start": [
453
],
"text": [
"sexual orientation is innate, continuous or fixed throughout their lives for some people, but is fluid or changes over time for others,"
]
} |
57102f4eb654c5140001f899 | Sexual_orientation | Often, sexual orientation and sexual orientation identity are not distinguished, which can impact accurately assessing sexual identity and whether or not sexual orientation is able to change; sexual orientation identity can change throughout an individual's life, and may or may not align with biological sex, sexual beh... | What does the American Psychological Assocation distinguish between? | {
"answer_start": [
650
],
"text": [
"sexual orientation (an innate attraction) and sexual orientation identity (which may change at any point in a person's life)."
]
} |
57103069a58dae1900cd6948 | Sexual_orientation | Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a subst... | What does the FBO effect stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"fraternal birth order"
]
} |
57103069a58dae1900cd6949 | Sexual_orientation | Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a subst... | What does this theory entail? | {
"answer_start": [
106
],
"text": [
"prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism"
]
} |
57103069a58dae1900cd694a | Sexual_orientation | Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a subst... | What does research show about the FBO effect? | {
"answer_start": [
231
],
"text": [
"this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy,"
]
} |
57103069a58dae1900cd694b | Sexual_orientation | Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a subst... | What does MIH stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
583
],
"text": [
"maternal immunization hypothesis"
]
} |
57103069a58dae1900cd694c | Sexual_orientation | Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a subst... | What does BBB stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
1000
],
"text": [
"blood/brain barrier"
]
} |
57103103b654c5140001f89d | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that p... | What other name does the KInsey scale go by? | {
"answer_start": [
34
],
"text": [
"Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale"
]
} |
57103103b654c5140001f89e | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that p... | When was the KInsey scale first published? | {
"answer_start": [
130
],
"text": [
"1948"
]
} |
57103103b654c5140001f89f | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that p... | Why was the KInsey scale developed? | {
"answer_start": [
277
],
"text": [
"to combat the assumption at the time that people are either heterosexual or homosexual"
]
} |
57103103b654c5140001f8a0 | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that p... | What did KInsey state as his reasoning for the scale? | {
"answer_start": [
431
],
"text": [
"Recognizing that a large portion of population is not completely heterosexual or homosexual and people can experience both heterosexual and homosexual behavior"
]
} |
57103103b654c5140001f8a1 | Sexual_orientation | The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that p... | Who else was featured in The sexual behavior of the human male? | {
"answer_start": [
154
],
"text": [
"Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin"
]
} |
57103183a58dae1900cd6952 | Sexual_orientation | In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven ... | What does KSOG stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
128
],
"text": [
"Klein sexual orientation grid"
]
} |
57103183a58dae1900cd6953 | Sexual_orientation | In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven ... | Who invented the KSOG? | {
"answer_start": [
102
],
"text": [
"Fritz Klein"
]
} |
57103183a58dae1900cd6954 | Sexual_orientation | In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven ... | Why did pritz klein come up with the KSOG? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation"
]
} |
57103183a58dae1900cd6955 | Sexual_orientation | In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven ... | What kind of scale does the KSOG use? | {
"answer_start": [
288
],
"text": [
"a 7-point scale"
]
} |
57103183a58dae1900cd6956 | Sexual_orientation | In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven ... | What three points in life does the KSOG evaluate? | {
"answer_start": [
405
],
"text": [
"past (from early adolescence up to one year ago), present (within the last 12 months), and ideal (what would you choose if it were completely your choice)."
]
} |
57103240a58dae1900cd695c | Sexual_orientation | Though sexual attraction, behavior, and identity are all components of sexual orientation, if a person defined by one of these dimensions were congruent with those defined by another dimension it would not matter which was used in assessing orientation, but this is not the case. There is "little coherent relationship b... | What are sexual attraction. behavior, and idenity components of? | {
"answer_start": [
71
],
"text": [
"sexual orientation"
]
} |
57103240a58dae1900cd695d | Sexual_orientation | Though sexual attraction, behavior, and identity are all components of sexual orientation, if a person defined by one of these dimensions were congruent with those defined by another dimension it would not matter which was used in assessing orientation, but this is not the case. There is "little coherent relationship b... | What do individuals typically experience? | {
"answer_start": [
539
],
"text": [
"diverse attractions and behaviors that may reflect curiosity, experimentation, social pressure"
]
} |
57103240a58dae1900cd695e | Sexual_orientation | Though sexual attraction, behavior, and identity are all components of sexual orientation, if a person defined by one of these dimensions were congruent with those defined by another dimension it would not matter which was used in assessing orientation, but this is not the case. There is "little coherent relationship b... | What is there little coherent relationships between? | {
"answer_start": [
327
],
"text": [
"the amount and mix of homosexual and heterosexual behavior in a person's biography and that person's choice to label himself"
]
} |
57103337b654c5140001f8a7 | Sexual_orientation | In the paper "Who's Gay? Does It Matter?", Ritch Savin-Williams proposes two different approaches to assessing sexual orientation until well positioned and psychometrically sound and tested definitions are developed that would allow research to reliably identify the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homosexuality... | Who wrote the paper "Whos Gay? Does It Matter? | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"Ritch Savin-Williams"
]
} |
57103337b654c5140001f8a8 | Sexual_orientation | In the paper "Who's Gay? Does It Matter?", Ritch Savin-Williams proposes two different approaches to assessing sexual orientation until well positioned and psychometrically sound and tested definitions are developed that would allow research to reliably identify the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homosexuality... | What does RItch SAvin-Williams propose in this paper? | {
"answer_start": [
331
],
"text": [
"suggests that greater priority should be given to sexual arousal and attraction"
]
} |
57103337b654c5140001f8a9 | Sexual_orientation | In the paper "Who's Gay? Does It Matter?", Ritch Savin-Williams proposes two different approaches to assessing sexual orientation until well positioned and psychometrically sound and tested definitions are developed that would allow research to reliably identify the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homosexuality... | What did he propose to measure attraction? | {
"answer_start": [
581
],
"text": [
"that biological measures should be developed and used."
]
} |
57103337b654c5140001f8aa | Sexual_orientation | In the paper "Who's Gay? Does It Matter?", Ritch Savin-Williams proposes two different approaches to assessing sexual orientation until well positioned and psychometrically sound and tested definitions are developed that would allow research to reliably identify the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homosexuality... | What else does Savin-Williams suggest? | {
"answer_start": [
932
],
"text": [
"researchers should forsake the general notion of sexual orientation altogether"
]
} |
57103337b654c5140001f8ab | Sexual_orientation | In the paper "Who's Gay? Does It Matter?", Ritch Savin-Williams proposes two different approaches to assessing sexual orientation until well positioned and psychometrically sound and tested definitions are developed that would allow research to reliably identify the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homosexuality... | What components does he believe shoud be used in studies? | {
"answer_start": [
1015
],
"text": [
"assess only those components that are relevant for the research question being investigated"
]
} |
571033ecb654c5140001f8b1 | Sexual_orientation | These studies suggest that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns and that this is also reflected in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli. Sexual orientation has many dimensions (attractions, behavior, identity), of which sexual arousal is the ... | What do these studies suggest? | {
"answer_start": [
22
],
"text": [
"that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns"
]
} |
571033ecb654c5140001f8b2 | Sexual_orientation | These studies suggest that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns and that this is also reflected in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli. Sexual orientation has many dimensions (attractions, behavior, identity), of which sexual arousal is the ... | How is this reflected in the studies? | {
"answer_start": [
123
],
"text": [
"in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli."
]
} |
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