id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5727c4faff5b5019007d94c5 | Gramophone_record | Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts. The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophon... | When did EMI create the first stereo discs? | {
"answer_start": [
466
],
"text": [
"1933"
]
} |
5727c4faff5b5019007d94c6 | Gramophone_record | Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts. The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophon... | What was the benefit of 45/45 stereo sound? | {
"answer_start": [
58
],
"text": [
"more natural listening experience"
]
} |
5727c4faff5b5019007d94c7 | Gramophone_record | Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts. The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophon... | What year was stereo sound patented? | {
"answer_start": [
377
],
"text": [
"1931"
]
} |
5727c4faff5b5019007d94c8 | Gramophone_record | Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts. The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophon... | How was the commercial success of stereo sound in the 1930s? | {
"answer_start": [
534
],
"text": [
"was not exploited commercially until much later."
]
} |
5727c5ccff5b5019007d94d4 | Gramophone_record | The development of quadraphonic records was announced in 1971. These recorded four separate sound signals. This was achieved on the two stereo channels by electronic matrixing, where the additional channels were combined into the main signal. When the records were played, phase-detection circuits in the amplifiers were... | What did quadraphonic recording feature? | {
"answer_start": [
69
],
"text": [
"recorded four separate sound signals."
]
} |
5727c5ccff5b5019007d94d5 | Gramophone_record | The development of quadraphonic records was announced in 1971. These recorded four separate sound signals. This was achieved on the two stereo channels by electronic matrixing, where the additional channels were combined into the main signal. When the records were played, phase-detection circuits in the amplifiers were... | What was the newest break through in home sound systems in 1971? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"development of quadraphonic records"
]
} |
5727c5ccff5b5019007d94d6 | Gramophone_record | The development of quadraphonic records was announced in 1971. These recorded four separate sound signals. This was achieved on the two stereo channels by electronic matrixing, where the additional channels were combined into the main signal. When the records were played, phase-detection circuits in the amplifiers were... | How would the commercial success of quadraphonic records be defined? | {
"answer_start": [
510
],
"text": [
"commercially unsuccessful"
]
} |
5727c5ccff5b5019007d94d7 | Gramophone_record | The development of quadraphonic records was announced in 1971. These recorded four separate sound signals. This was achieved on the two stereo channels by electronic matrixing, where the additional channels were combined into the main signal. When the records were played, phase-detection circuits in the amplifiers were... | What did developments in quadraphonic recordings inspire? | {
"answer_start": [
572
],
"text": [
"later surround-sound systems"
]
} |
5727c6c9ff5b5019007d94e0 | Gramophone_record | A different format, CD-4 (not to be confused with compact disc), by RCA, encoded the front-rear difference information on an ultrasonic carrier, which required a special wideband cartridge to capture it on carefully calibrated pickup arm/turntable combinations. CD-4 was even less successful than the two matrixed format... | What was a major issue with CD-4 technology? | {
"answer_start": [
351
],
"text": [
"no cutting heads were available that could handle the HF information"
]
} |
5727c6c9ff5b5019007d94e1 | Gramophone_record | A different format, CD-4 (not to be confused with compact disc), by RCA, encoded the front-rear difference information on an ultrasonic carrier, which required a special wideband cartridge to capture it on carefully calibrated pickup arm/turntable combinations. CD-4 was even less successful than the two matrixed format... | How widespread was the success of CD-4 format? | {
"answer_start": [
271
],
"text": [
"even less successful than the two matrixed formats"
]
} |
5727c6c9ff5b5019007d94e2 | Gramophone_record | A different format, CD-4 (not to be confused with compact disc), by RCA, encoded the front-rear difference information on an ultrasonic carrier, which required a special wideband cartridge to capture it on carefully calibrated pickup arm/turntable combinations. CD-4 was even less successful than the two matrixed format... | What format was less successful than quadraphonic? | {
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"CD-4"
]
} |
5727c6c9ff5b5019007d94e3 | Gramophone_record | A different format, CD-4 (not to be confused with compact disc), by RCA, encoded the front-rear difference information on an ultrasonic carrier, which required a special wideband cartridge to capture it on carefully calibrated pickup arm/turntable combinations. CD-4 was even less successful than the two matrixed format... | What were potential benefits of the CD-4 format? | {
"answer_start": [
604
],
"text": [
"reduced distortion and greater headroom"
]
} |
5727c6c9ff5b5019007d94e4 | Gramophone_record | A different format, CD-4 (not to be confused with compact disc), by RCA, encoded the front-rear difference information on an ultrasonic carrier, which required a special wideband cartridge to capture it on carefully calibrated pickup arm/turntable combinations. CD-4 was even less successful than the two matrixed format... | Who created the CD-4 format? | {
"answer_start": [
68
],
"text": [
"RCA"
]
} |
5727c860ff5b5019007d9532 | Gramophone_record | Under the direction of recording engineer C. Robert Fine, Mercury Records initiated a minimalist single microphone monaural recording technique in 1951. The first record, a Chicago Symphony Orchestra performance of Pictures at an Exhibition, conducted by Rafael Kubelik, was described as "being in the living presence of... | For which company did C. Robert Fine work for? | {
"answer_start": [
58
],
"text": [
"Mercury Records"
]
} |
5727c860ff5b5019007d9533 | Gramophone_record | Under the direction of recording engineer C. Robert Fine, Mercury Records initiated a minimalist single microphone monaural recording technique in 1951. The first record, a Chicago Symphony Orchestra performance of Pictures at an Exhibition, conducted by Rafael Kubelik, was described as "being in the living presence of... | What benefits were found in using the 35mm magnetic film? | {
"answer_start": [
1009
],
"text": [
"prevented tape layer print-through and pre-echo and gained extended frequency range and transient response"
]
} |
5727c860ff5b5019007d9534 | Gramophone_record | Under the direction of recording engineer C. Robert Fine, Mercury Records initiated a minimalist single microphone monaural recording technique in 1951. The first record, a Chicago Symphony Orchestra performance of Pictures at an Exhibition, conducted by Rafael Kubelik, was described as "being in the living presence of... | Who developed the 3-to-2 mix to create lifelike recordings? | {
"answer_start": [
1121
],
"text": [
"Mercury"
]
} |
5727c860ff5b5019007d9535 | Gramophone_record | Under the direction of recording engineer C. Robert Fine, Mercury Records initiated a minimalist single microphone monaural recording technique in 1951. The first record, a Chicago Symphony Orchestra performance of Pictures at an Exhibition, conducted by Rafael Kubelik, was described as "being in the living presence of... | Which microphone hold the most importance in 3 microphone recording? | {
"answer_start": [
545
],
"text": [
"The center"
]
} |
5727c860ff5b5019007d9536 | Gramophone_record | Under the direction of recording engineer C. Robert Fine, Mercury Records initiated a minimalist single microphone monaural recording technique in 1951. The first record, a Chicago Symphony Orchestra performance of Pictures at an Exhibition, conducted by Rafael Kubelik, was described as "being in the living presence of... | In which year did Mercury begin 3 channel stereo recording? | {
"answer_start": [
437
],
"text": [
"1955"
]
} |
5727c9d34b864d1900163d1e | Gramophone_record | Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduce... | What technique were used to reduce inner-groove distortion? | {
"answer_start": [
204
],
"text": [
"CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering"
]
} |
5727c9d34b864d1900163d1f | Gramophone_record | Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduce... | Who developed the Dynagroove format? | {
"answer_start": [
300
],
"text": [
"RCA Victor"
]
} |
5727c9d34b864d1900163d20 | Gramophone_record | Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduce... | Why did some music lovers frown upon diaphragming? | {
"answer_start": [
701
],
"text": [
"unnatural side effects"
]
} |
5727c9d34b864d1900163d21 | Gramophone_record | Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduce... | What did closer groove spacing result in? | {
"answer_start": [
966
],
"text": [
"Lower recorded volume"
]
} |
5727c9d34b864d1900163d22 | Gramophone_record | Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduce... | What would be found with higher recorded volumes? | {
"answer_start": [
1037
],
"text": [
"wider spacing"
]
} |
5727cb3f2ca10214002d966c | Gramophone_record | Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, usin... | How did Disco Eye-Cued system benefit DJs? | {
"answer_start": [
601
],
"text": [
"visual cue to DJs mixing the records"
]
} |
5727cb3f2ca10214002d966d | Gramophone_record | Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, usin... | How did Disco Eye-Cued sysems differ from LPs? | {
"answer_start": [
701
],
"text": [
"only contain one track each side"
]
} |
5727cb3f2ca10214002d966e | Gramophone_record | Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, usin... | When was the Disco Eye-Cued System developed? | {
"answer_start": [
371
],
"text": [
"late 1970s"
]
} |
5727cb3f2ca10214002d966f | Gramophone_record | Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, usin... | What were direct to disc recordings expected to product? | {
"answer_start": [
164
],
"text": [
"a \"purist\" transcription"
]
} |
5727cb3f2ca10214002d9670 | Gramophone_record | Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, usin... | When were 'half speed' and 'digitally remastered' recordings being released? | {
"answer_start": [
12
],
"text": [
"late 1970s"
]
} |
5727cc4f2ca10214002d9694 | Gramophone_record | The mid-1970s saw the introduction of dbx-encoded records, again for the audiophile niche market. These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic rang... | What was required for quality playback of DBX recordings? | {
"answer_start": [
476
],
"text": [
"automatic gain control"
]
} |
5727cc4f2ca10214002d9695 | Gramophone_record | The mid-1970s saw the introduction of dbx-encoded records, again for the audiophile niche market. These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic rang... | When were DBX recordings released? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"mid-1970s"
]
} |
5727cc4f2ca10214002d9696 | Gramophone_record | The mid-1970s saw the introduction of dbx-encoded records, again for the audiophile niche market. These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic rang... | How compatible were DBX encoded recordings with prior technologies? | {
"answer_start": [
109
],
"text": [
"completely incompatible with"
]
} |
5727cc4f2ca10214002d9697 | Gramophone_record | The mid-1970s saw the introduction of dbx-encoded records, again for the audiophile niche market. These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic rang... | What was the intention of DBX encoded recordings? | {
"answer_start": [
531
],
"text": [
"reduced the effect of surface noise on quiet passages"
]
} |
5727cc4f2ca10214002d9698 | Gramophone_record | The mid-1970s saw the introduction of dbx-encoded records, again for the audiophile niche market. These were completely incompatible with standard record playback preamplifiers, relying on the dbx compandor encoding/decoding scheme to greatly increase dynamic range (dbx encoded disks were recorded with the dynamic rang... | What did CBS develop in order to reduce outside noise? | {
"answer_start": [
658
],
"text": [
"\"CX\" noise reduction"
]
} |
5727cd6e2ca10214002d96c6 | Gramophone_record | ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records,... | What company out of Japan offered laser turntables that read vinyl discs optically? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"ELPJ"
]
} |
5727cd6e2ca10214002d96c7 | Gramophone_record | ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records,... | What was a benedit of laser read discs? | {
"answer_start": [
151
],
"text": [
"eliminates record wear"
]
} |
5727cd6e2ca10214002d96c8 | Gramophone_record | ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records,... | What was a drawback of laser read discs? | {
"answer_start": [
225
],
"text": [
"degrade the sound"
]
} |
5727cd6e2ca10214002d96c9 | Gramophone_record | ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records,... | What was the primary use of laser read discs? | {
"answer_start": [
292
],
"text": [
"archiving of analog records"
]
} |
5727cd6e2ca10214002d96ca | Gramophone_record | ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records,... | What was a major issue for laser read discs? | {
"answer_start": [
544
],
"text": [
"dust"
]
} |
5727ce6e3acd2414000decdd | Gramophone_record | In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touch... | Who is Irene? | {
"answer_start": [
57
],
"text": [
"scanning machine for disc records"
]
} |
5727ce6e3acd2414000decde | Gramophone_record | In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touch... | Where was IRENE developed? | {
"answer_start": [
182
],
"text": [
"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories"
]
} |
5727ce6e3acd2414000decdf | Gramophone_record | In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touch... | What is the primary use of IRENE? | {
"answer_start": [
225
],
"text": [
"retrieve the information"
]
} |
5727ce6e3acd2414000dece0 | Gramophone_record | In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touch... | Can IRENE read vertically modulated information? | {
"answer_start": [
347
],
"text": [
"cannot read vertically modulated information"
]
} |
5727ce6e3acd2414000dece1 | Gramophone_record | In some ways similar to the laser turntable is the IRENE scanning machine for disc records, which images with microphotography in two dimensions, invented by a team of physicists at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. IRENE will retrieve the information from a laterally modulated monaural grooved sound source without touch... | Does IRENE require the ability to touch the media? | {
"answer_start": [
307
],
"text": [
"without touching the medium"
]
} |
5727cf9c3acd2414000decf5 | Gramophone_record | Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total ... | What terms are used for recording with more than one track? | {
"answer_start": [
15
],
"text": [
"long-play\" (LP) and \"extended-play\" (EP"
]
} |
5727cf9c3acd2414000decf6 | Gramophone_record | Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total ... | What is a typical max playing time of an LP? | {
"answer_start": [
368
],
"text": [
"forty-five minutes"
]
} |
5727cf9c3acd2414000decf7 | Gramophone_record | Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total ... | Which format is cheaper, LP or EP? | {
"answer_start": [
770
],
"text": [
"LPs"
]
} |
5727cf9c3acd2414000decf8 | Gramophone_record | Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total ... | Which format held recordings ranging from 10 to 15 minutes? | {
"answer_start": [
521
],
"text": [
"7-inch EP"
]
} |
5727cf9c3acd2414000decf9 | Gramophone_record | Terms such as "long-play" (LP) and "extended-play" (EP) describe multi-track records that play much longer than the single-item-per-side records, which typically do not go much past four minutes per side. An LP can play for up to 30 minutes per side, though most played for about 22 minutes per side, bringing the total ... | What was a normal play time per side for LPs? | {
"answer_start": [
280
],
"text": [
"22 minutes"
]
} |
5727d0992ca10214002d973c | Gramophone_record | In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12 inch LP would be the 'album' of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: bl... | Which colors of 45 were available as late as 1952 before being discontinued? | {
"answer_start": [
667
],
"text": [
"yellow and deep red"
]
} |
5727d0992ca10214002d973d | Gramophone_record | In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12 inch LP would be the 'album' of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: bl... | PeeWee the Piccolo was what? | {
"answer_start": [
720
],
"text": [
"The first 45 rpm record created for sale"
]
} |
5727d0992ca10214002d973e | Gramophone_record | In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12 inch LP would be the 'album' of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: bl... | What significance does Dec 7/ 1948 hold? | {
"answer_start": [
720
],
"text": [
"The first 45 rpm record created for sale"
]
} |
5727d0992ca10214002d973f | Gramophone_record | In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12 inch LP would be the 'album' of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: bl... | How many colors were 45s available in when first released? | {
"answer_start": [
304
],
"text": [
"seven colors"
]
} |
5727d0992ca10214002d9740 | Gramophone_record | In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12 inch LP would be the 'album' of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: bl... | When did RCA release the 45? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"March 1949"
]
} |
5727d399ff5b5019007d9636 | Gramophone_record | The normal commercial disc is engraved with two sound-bearing concentric spiral grooves, one on each side, running from the outside edge towards the center. The last part of the spiral meets an earlier part to form a circle. The sound is encoded by fine variations in the edges of the groove that cause a stylus (needle)... | In which direction does the groove in a normal disc run? | {
"answer_start": [
124
],
"text": [
"outside edge towards the center"
]
} |
5727d399ff5b5019007d9637 | Gramophone_record | The normal commercial disc is engraved with two sound-bearing concentric spiral grooves, one on each side, running from the outside edge towards the center. The last part of the spiral meets an earlier part to form a circle. The sound is encoded by fine variations in the edges of the groove that cause a stylus (needle)... | How is sound encoded on a commercial disc? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"by fine variations"
]
} |
5727d399ff5b5019007d9638 | Gramophone_record | The normal commercial disc is engraved with two sound-bearing concentric spiral grooves, one on each side, running from the outside edge towards the center. The last part of the spiral meets an earlier part to form a circle. The sound is encoded by fine variations in the edges of the groove that cause a stylus (needle)... | Does it matter at which speed a disc is spun? | {
"answer_start": [
401
],
"text": [
"correct speed"
]
} |
5727d399ff5b5019007d9639 | Gramophone_record | The normal commercial disc is engraved with two sound-bearing concentric spiral grooves, one on each side, running from the outside edge towards the center. The last part of the spiral meets an earlier part to form a circle. The sound is encoded by fine variations in the edges of the groove that cause a stylus (needle)... | Do all grooves bear data? | {
"answer_start": [
472
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
5727d616ff5b5019007d9672 | Gramophone_record | Towards the center, at the end of the groove, there is another wide-pitched section known as the lead-out. At the very end of this section the groove joins itself to form a complete circle, called the lock groove; when the stylus reaches this point, it circles repeatedly until lifted from the record. On some recordings... | What is a 'lead out'? | {
"answer_start": [
63
],
"text": [
"wide-pitched section"
]
} |
5727d616ff5b5019007d9673 | Gramophone_record | Towards the center, at the end of the groove, there is another wide-pitched section known as the lead-out. At the very end of this section the groove joins itself to form a complete circle, called the lock groove; when the stylus reaches this point, it circles repeatedly until lifted from the record. On some recordings... | What is the center where the data joins to complete a circle? | {
"answer_start": [
201
],
"text": [
"lock groove"
]
} |
5727d616ff5b5019007d9674 | Gramophone_record | Towards the center, at the end of the groove, there is another wide-pitched section known as the lead-out. At the very end of this section the groove joins itself to form a complete circle, called the lock groove; when the stylus reaches this point, it circles repeatedly until lifted from the record. On some recordings... | Do turntables play music on lock grooves? | {
"answer_start": [
744
],
"text": [
"most automatic turntables are incapable"
]
} |
5727d616ff5b5019007d9675 | Gramophone_record | Towards the center, at the end of the groove, there is another wide-pitched section known as the lead-out. At the very end of this section the groove joins itself to form a complete circle, called the lock groove; when the stylus reaches this point, it circles repeatedly until lifted from the record. On some recordings... | What do most automatic turn tables do when they meet a lock groove? | {
"answer_start": [
841
],
"text": [
"lift the arm"
]
} |
5727d616ff5b5019007d9676 | Gramophone_record | Towards the center, at the end of the groove, there is another wide-pitched section known as the lead-out. At the very end of this section the groove joins itself to form a complete circle, called the lock groove; when the stylus reaches this point, it circles repeatedly until lifted from the record. On some recordings... | Where do you find a lead out? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Towards the center, at the end of the groove"
]
} |
5727d7343acd2414000dede1 | Gramophone_record | When auto-changing turntables were commonplace, records were typically pressed with a raised (or ridged) outer edge and a raised label area, allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact, reducing the risk of damage. Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack... | Where were records made with raised label areas? | {
"answer_start": [
238
],
"text": [
"reducing the risk of damage"
]
} |
5727d7343acd2414000dede2 | Gramophone_record | When auto-changing turntables were commonplace, records were typically pressed with a raised (or ridged) outer edge and a raised label area, allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact, reducing the risk of damage. Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack... | Are longer recordings, as found in operas, made for use with auto-changing systems? | {
"answer_start": [
505
],
"text": [
"interleaved across several 10-inch or 12-inch discs for use with auto-changing mechanisms"
]
} |
5727d7343acd2414000dede3 | Gramophone_record | When auto-changing turntables were commonplace, records were typically pressed with a raised (or ridged) outer edge and a raised label area, allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact, reducing the risk of damage. Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack... | Do grooves on records touch when stacked? | {
"answer_start": [
141
],
"text": [
"allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact"
]
} |
5727d7343acd2414000dede4 | Gramophone_record | When auto-changing turntables were commonplace, records were typically pressed with a raised (or ridged) outer edge and a raised label area, allowing records to be stacked onto each other without the delicate grooves coming into contact, reducing the risk of damage. Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack... | Do records touch when in auto changers? | {
"answer_start": [
267
],
"text": [
"Auto-changers included a mechanism to support a stack"
]
} |
5727de793acd2414000dee83 | Gramophone_record | New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all genres. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play. 1... | What is the most used material for modern audiophile vinyl releases? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"New or \"virgin\" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl"
]
} |
5727de793acd2414000dee84 | Gramophone_record | New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all genres. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play. 1... | What is the material preference of collectors? | {
"answer_start": [
152
],
"text": [
"heavyweight vinyl"
]
} |
5727de793acd2414000dee85 | Gramophone_record | New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all genres. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play. 1... | How does the manufacturing process differ between heavyweight and normal vinyl? | {
"answer_start": [
393
],
"text": [
"Manufacturing processes are identical"
]
} |
5727de793acd2414000dee86 | Gramophone_record | New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all genres. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play. 1... | Would would a non filled area in a vinyl press cause when listening to a record? | {
"answer_start": [
783
],
"text": [
"grinding or scratching sound"
]
} |
5727de793acd2414000dee87 | Gramophone_record | New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all genres. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play. 1... | Which pressing of vinyl require more attention to detail, lightweight or heavyweight? | {
"answer_start": [
471
],
"text": [
"lightweight records requires more care"
]
} |
5727e0dbff5b5019007d975e | Gramophone_record | The "orange peel" effect on vinyl records is caused by worn molds. Rather than having the proper mirror-like finish, the surface of the record will have a texture that looks like orange peel. This introduces noise into the record, particularly in the lower frequency range. With direct metal mastering (DMM), the master ... | What is an effect of using worn molds when casting records? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"The \"orange peel\" effect"
]
} |
5727e0dbff5b5019007d975f | Gramophone_record | The "orange peel" effect on vinyl records is caused by worn molds. Rather than having the proper mirror-like finish, the surface of the record will have a texture that looks like orange peel. This introduces noise into the record, particularly in the lower frequency range. With direct metal mastering (DMM), the master ... | What is the expected finish of a vinyl record? | {
"answer_start": [
97
],
"text": [
"mirror-like"
]
} |
5727e0dbff5b5019007d9761 | Gramophone_record | The "orange peel" effect on vinyl records is caused by worn molds. Rather than having the proper mirror-like finish, the surface of the record will have a texture that looks like orange peel. This introduces noise into the record, particularly in the lower frequency range. With direct metal mastering (DMM), the master ... | On what frequencies is an orange peel effect most noticeable? | {
"answer_start": [
251
],
"text": [
"lower frequency range"
]
} |
5727e0dbff5b5019007d9760 | Gramophone_record | The "orange peel" effect on vinyl records is caused by worn molds. Rather than having the proper mirror-like finish, the surface of the record will have a texture that looks like orange peel. This introduces noise into the record, particularly in the lower frequency range. With direct metal mastering (DMM), the master ... | What is the effect on a copy if a master as an orange peel effect? | {
"answer_start": [
525
],
"text": [
"there is no ill effect"
]
} |
5727e0dbff5b5019007d9762 | Gramophone_record | The "orange peel" effect on vinyl records is caused by worn molds. Rather than having the proper mirror-like finish, the surface of the record will have a texture that looks like orange peel. This introduces noise into the record, particularly in the lower frequency range. With direct metal mastering (DMM), the master ... | What material is on a direct metal mastering disc? | {
"answer_start": [
337
],
"text": [
"copper"
]
} |
5727e311ff5b5019007d9798 | Gramophone_record | Original master discs are created by lathe-cutting: a lathe is used to cut a modulated groove into a blank record. The blank records for cutting used to be cooked up, as needed, by the cutting engineer, using what Robert K. Morrison describes as a "metallic soap," containing lead litharge, ozokerite, barium sulfate, mo... | What is the two step process? | {
"answer_start": [
2659
],
"text": [
"\"father\" is removed of its silver and converted into a stamper"
]
} |
5727e311ff5b5019007d9799 | Gramophone_record | Original master discs are created by lathe-cutting: a lathe is used to cut a modulated groove into a blank record. The blank records for cutting used to be cooked up, as needed, by the cutting engineer, using what Robert K. Morrison describes as a "metallic soap," containing lead litharge, ozokerite, barium sulfate, mo... | What is the limitation of the two step process? | {
"answer_start": [
2963
],
"text": [
"limited to a few hundred vinyl pressings"
]
} |
5727e311ff5b5019007d979a | Gramophone_record | Original master discs are created by lathe-cutting: a lathe is used to cut a modulated groove into a blank record. The blank records for cutting used to be cooked up, as needed, by the cutting engineer, using what Robert K. Morrison describes as a "metallic soap," containing lead litharge, ozokerite, barium sulfate, mo... | Which is preferred the two step or three step process? | {
"answer_start": [
3126
],
"text": [
"three-step"
]
} |
5727e311ff5b5019007d979b | Gramophone_record | Original master discs are created by lathe-cutting: a lathe is used to cut a modulated groove into a blank record. The blank records for cutting used to be cooked up, as needed, by the cutting engineer, using what Robert K. Morrison describes as a "metallic soap," containing lead litharge, ozokerite, barium sulfate, mo... | Which have stronger structures the father or son mold? | {
"answer_start": [
3105
],
"text": [
"sons"
]
} |
5727e311ff5b5019007d979c | Gramophone_record | Original master discs are created by lathe-cutting: a lathe is used to cut a modulated groove into a blank record. The blank records for cutting used to be cooked up, as needed, by the cutting engineer, using what Robert K. Morrison describes as a "metallic soap," containing lead litharge, ozokerite, barium sulfate, mo... | What can increase the output of a stamper mold? | {
"answer_start": [
3070
],
"text": [
"quality of the vinyl is high"
]
} |
5727e41d2ca10214002d98ca | Gramophone_record | Breakage was very common in the shellac era. In the 1934 John O'Hara novel, Appointment in Samarra, the protagonist "broke one of his most favorites, Whiteman's Lady of the Evening ... He wanted to cry but could not." A poignant moment in J. D. Salinger's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye occurs after the adolescent pr... | What was a known issue of using shellac to make records? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Breakage was very common"
]
} |
5727e41d2ca10214002d98cb | Gramophone_record | Breakage was very common in the shellac era. In the 1934 John O'Hara novel, Appointment in Samarra, the protagonist "broke one of his most favorites, Whiteman's Lady of the Evening ... He wanted to cry but could not." A poignant moment in J. D. Salinger's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye occurs after the adolescent pr... | In which novel does 'Whiteman's Lady of the Evening" record get broken? | {
"answer_start": [
57
],
"text": [
"John O'Hara novel, Appointment in Samarra"
]
} |
5727e41d2ca10214002d98cc | Gramophone_record | Breakage was very common in the shellac era. In the 1934 John O'Hara novel, Appointment in Samarra, the protagonist "broke one of his most favorites, Whiteman's Lady of the Evening ... He wanted to cry but could not." A poignant moment in J. D. Salinger's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye occurs after the adolescent pr... | In Blackboard Jungle what record breaking mention is made? | {
"answer_start": [
485
],
"text": [
"teacher's collection of 78 rpm jazz records is smashed"
]
} |
5727e4fd2ca10214002d98ea | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records do not break easily, but the soft material is easily scratched. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting dust that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to skip over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause ... | What causes clicks and pops on vinyl records? | {
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"Dust and scratches"
]
} |
5727e4fd2ca10214002d98eb | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records do not break easily, but the soft material is easily scratched. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting dust that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to skip over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause ... | What is the cause of lock grooves on vinyl records? | {
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"Dust and scratches"
]
} |
5727e4fd2ca10214002d98ec | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records do not break easily, but the soft material is easily scratched. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting dust that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to skip over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause ... | Where does the saying "Like a broken record" originate? | {
"answer_start": [
362
],
"text": [
"locked groove"
]
} |
5727e4fd2ca10214002d98ed | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records do not break easily, but the soft material is easily scratched. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting dust that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to skip over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause ... | How easily do vinyl records break? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Vinyl records do not break easily"
]
} |
5727e4fd2ca10214002d98ee | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records do not break easily, but the soft material is easily scratched. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting dust that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to skip over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause ... | What is a common damage to vinyl records? | {
"answer_start": [
60
],
"text": [
"easily scratched."
]
} |
5727e6212ca10214002d9906 | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records can be warped by heat, improper storage, exposure to sunlight, or manufacturing defects such as excessively tight plastic shrinkwrap on the album cover. A small degree of warp was common, and allowing for it was part of the art of turntable and tonearm design. "wow" (once-per-revolution pitch variation) c... | What causes warping in vinyl records? | {
"answer_start": [
31
],
"text": [
"heat, improper storage, exposure to sunlight, or manufacturing defects"
]
} |
5727e6212ca10214002d9907 | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records can be warped by heat, improper storage, exposure to sunlight, or manufacturing defects such as excessively tight plastic shrinkwrap on the album cover. A small degree of warp was common, and allowing for it was part of the art of turntable and tonearm design. "wow" (once-per-revolution pitch variation) c... | What is a cause of once per revolution pitch variation? | {
"answer_start": [
337
],
"text": [
"warp, or from a spindle hole that was not precisely centered"
]
} |
5727e6212ca10214002d9908 | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records can be warped by heat, improper storage, exposure to sunlight, or manufacturing defects such as excessively tight plastic shrinkwrap on the album cover. A small degree of warp was common, and allowing for it was part of the art of turntable and tonearm design. "wow" (once-per-revolution pitch variation) c... | What method was used to protect a vinyl record? | {
"answer_start": [
432
],
"text": [
"place the LP in a paper or plastic inner cover"
]
} |
5727e6212ca10214002d9909 | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records can be warped by heat, improper storage, exposure to sunlight, or manufacturing defects such as excessively tight plastic shrinkwrap on the album cover. A small degree of warp was common, and allowing for it was part of the art of turntable and tonearm design. "wow" (once-per-revolution pitch variation) c... | What were often found with a paper outter cover and no inner cover? | {
"answer_start": [
646
],
"text": [
"Singles"
]
} |
5727e6212ca10214002d990a | Gramophone_record | Vinyl records can be warped by heat, improper storage, exposure to sunlight, or manufacturing defects such as excessively tight plastic shrinkwrap on the album cover. A small degree of warp was common, and allowing for it was part of the art of turntable and tonearm design. "wow" (once-per-revolution pitch variation) c... | What happens if a vinyl comes with a bit of warp? | {
"answer_start": [
167
],
"text": [
"A small degree of warp was common,"
]
} |
5727e6df2ca10214002d991a | Gramophone_record | A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side. At the start of a gr... | When is distortion most common on a gramophone record? | {
"answer_start": [
505
],
"text": [
"Distortion towards the end of the side"
]
} |
5727e6df2ca10214002d991b | Gramophone_record | A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side. At the start of a gr... | What happens as a record wears? | {
"answer_start": [
505
],
"text": [
"Distortion"
]
} |
5727e6df2ca10214002d991c | Gramophone_record | A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side. At the start of a gr... | What is a drawback of using gramophones? | {
"answer_start": [
54
],
"text": [
"fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses"
]
} |
5727e6df2ca10214002d991d | Gramophone_record | A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side. At the start of a gr... | How much vinyl can be found at the start of an LP? | {
"answer_start": [
344
],
"text": [
"510 mm"
]
} |
5727e6df2ca10214002d991e | Gramophone_record | A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side. At the start of a gr... | Where can you find only 200-210mm of vinyl? | {
"answer_start": [
407
],
"text": [
"ending of the groove"
]
} |
5727e84f2ca10214002d9940 | Gramophone_record | Tonearm skating forces and other perturbations are also picked up by the stylus. This is a form of frequency multiplexing as the control signal (restoring force) used to keep the stylus in the groove is carried by the same mechanism as the sound itself. Subsonic frequencies below about 20 Hz in the audio signal are dom... | What would be a cause of low frequency sounds when listening? | {
"answer_start": [
880
],
"text": [
"warped disk"
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.