Split (3)

train · 87.6k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	title stringclasses 442 values	context stringlengths 151 3.71k	question stringlengths 12 270	answers dict
57279d66ff5b5019007d9119	Gramophone_record	By about 1910,[note 1] bound collections of empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover, similar to a photograph album, were sold as record albums that customers could use to store their records (the term "record album" was printed on some covers). These albums came in both 10-inch and 12-inch sizes. The covers of...	What were early record album covers made of?	{ "answer_start": [ 44 ], "text": [ "empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover" ] }
57279d66ff5b5019007d911a	Gramophone_record	By about 1910,[note 1] bound collections of empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover, similar to a photograph album, were sold as record albums that customers could use to store their records (the term "record album" was printed on some covers). These albums came in both 10-inch and 12-inch sizes. The covers of...	What sizes were record album covers available in?	{ "answer_start": [ 280 ], "text": [ "10-inch and 12-inch sizes" ] }
57279d66ff5b5019007d911b	Gramophone_record	By about 1910,[note 1] bound collections of empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover, similar to a photograph album, were sold as record albums that customers could use to store their records (the term "record album" was printed on some covers). These albums came in both 10-inch and 12-inch sizes. The covers of...	How were record album covers intended to be stored?	{ "answer_start": [ 436 ], "text": [ "upright" ] }
57279d66ff5b5019007d911c	Gramophone_record	By about 1910,[note 1] bound collections of empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover, similar to a photograph album, were sold as record albums that customers could use to store their records (the term "record album" was printed on some covers). These albums came in both 10-inch and 12-inch sizes. The covers of...	What was the purpose of record album covers?	{ "answer_start": [ 509 ], "text": [ "protecting them" ] }
57279e2cff5b5019007d9122	Gramophone_record	In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight t...	When were albums as we currently know them widely released?	{ "answer_start": [ 7 ], "text": [ "1930s" ] }
57279e2cff5b5019007d9123	Gramophone_record	In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight t...	What is typically found on the front cover of an album?	{ "answer_start": [ 162 ], "text": [ "artwork" ] }
57279e2cff5b5019007d9124	Gramophone_record	In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight t...	How may records were commonly found in an album?	{ "answer_start": [ 255 ], "text": [ "three or four" ] }
57279e2cff5b5019007d9125	Gramophone_record	In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight t...	When did the vinyl LP records Era begin?	{ "answer_start": [ 375 ], "text": [ "1949" ] }
57279e2cff5b5019007d9126	Gramophone_record	In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight t...	How many songs did most albums contain?	{ "answer_start": [ 306 ], "text": [ "six or eight" ] }
57279f213acd2414000de811	Gramophone_record	For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in th...	What are reasons for recent releases of 78 rpm speed vinyls?	{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "collectable or nostalgia purposes" ] }
57279f213acd2414000de812	Gramophone_record	For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in th...	What is a benefit of newer releases of 78 rpm speed vinyls?	{ "answer_start": [ 61 ], "text": [ "higher-quality audio playback" ] }
57279f213acd2414000de813	Gramophone_record	For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in th...	Who released 7" microgrooved records in the 1950s?	{ "answer_start": [ 965 ], "text": [ "Bell Records" ] }
57279f213acd2414000de814	Gramophone_record	For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in th...	What benefits to vinyl have been found in the 1950s?	{ "answer_start": [ 906 ], "text": [ "wider range of audio" ] }
57279f213acd2414000de815	Gramophone_record	For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in th...	Who founded Audiophile Records?	{ "answer_start": [ 343 ], "text": [ "Ewing Dunbar Nunn" ] }
5727a043ff5b5019007d9140	Gramophone_record	In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise d...	In what year did Reprise plan to release a series of 78 rpm singles?	{ "answer_start": [ 3 ], "text": [ "1968" ] }
5727a043ff5b5019007d9141	Gramophone_record	In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise d...	Which disc did Reprise release in 78 rpm format?	{ "answer_start": [ 196 ], "text": [ "Think It's Going to Rain Today" ] }
5727a043ff5b5019007d9142	Gramophone_record	In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise d...	What two songs were featured on the 1978 release by Leon Redbone in 78 rpm format?	{ "answer_start": [ 545 ], "text": [ "Alabama Jubilee and Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone" ] }
5727a043ff5b5019007d9143	Gramophone_record	In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise d...	What record company released recordings of 'Buena' and 'Tuff Enuff' in 1980?	{ "answer_start": [ 649 ], "text": [ "Stiff Records" ] }
5727a043ff5b5019007d9144	Gramophone_record	In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise d...	Why did Reprise only release one 78 rpm vinyl?	{ "answer_start": [ 368 ], "text": [ "lack of sales for the single, and a lack of general interest" ] }
5727a1a43acd2414000de859	Gramophone_record	In the 1990s Rhino Records issued a series of boxed sets of 78 rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage jukeboxes. This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and...	When was the release by Rhino Records of 78 rpm for jukebox owners?	{ "answer_start": [ 7 ], "text": [ "1990s" ] }
5727a1a43acd2414000de85a	Gramophone_record	In the 1990s Rhino Records issued a series of boxed sets of 78 rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage jukeboxes. This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and...	What was the result of the use of this release of 78 rpm vinyl when used in vintage jukeboxes?	{ "answer_start": [ 478 ], "text": [ "they were destroyed" ] }
5727a1a43acd2414000de85b	Gramophone_record	In the 1990s Rhino Records issued a series of boxed sets of 78 rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage jukeboxes. This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and...	What was needed to successfully play the newer released 79 rpm vinyl?	{ "answer_start": [ 603 ], "text": [ "lightweight tone arms and jewel needles" ] }
5727a1a43acd2414000de85c	Gramophone_record	In the 1990s Rhino Records issued a series of boxed sets of 78 rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage jukeboxes. This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and...	For whom was the 1990 release of 78 rpm intended?	{ "answer_start": [ 118 ], "text": [ "owners of vintage jukeboxes" ] }
5727a1a43acd2414000de85d	Gramophone_record	In the 1990s Rhino Records issued a series of boxed sets of 78 rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage jukeboxes. This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and...	How did the 1990 release of 78 rpm effect Rhino Records?	{ "answer_start": [ 442 ], "text": [ "bad reputation" ] }
5727a6242ca10214002d92da	Gramophone_record	In 1931, RCA Victor launched the first commercially available vinyl long-playing record, marketed as program-transcription discs. These revolutionary discs were designed for playback at 33 1⁄3 rpm and pressed on a 30 cm diameter flexible plastic disc, with a duration of about ten minutes playing time per side. RCA Vict...	What was the playing time of program-transcription discs?	{ "answer_start": [ 277 ], "text": [ "ten minutes playing time per side" ] }
5727a6242ca10214002d92db	Gramophone_record	In 1931, RCA Victor launched the first commercially available vinyl long-playing record, marketed as program-transcription discs. These revolutionary discs were designed for playback at 33 1⁄3 rpm and pressed on a 30 cm diameter flexible plastic disc, with a duration of about ten minutes playing time per side. RCA Vict...	How successful was RCA Victor's program-transcription discs?	{ "answer_start": [ 370 ], "text": [ "commercial failure" ] }
5727a6242ca10214002d92dc	Gramophone_record	In 1931, RCA Victor launched the first commercially available vinyl long-playing record, marketed as program-transcription discs. These revolutionary discs were designed for playback at 33 1⁄3 rpm and pressed on a 30 cm diameter flexible plastic disc, with a duration of about ten minutes playing time per side. RCA Vict...	When did RCA Victor release long play discs?	{ "answer_start": [ 3 ], "text": [ "1931" ] }
5727a6242ca10214002d92dd	Gramophone_record	In 1931, RCA Victor launched the first commercially available vinyl long-playing record, marketed as program-transcription discs. These revolutionary discs were designed for playback at 33 1⁄3 rpm and pressed on a 30 cm diameter flexible plastic disc, with a duration of about ten minutes playing time per side. RCA Vict...	Who released the first commercial long play discs?	{ "answer_start": [ 312 ], "text": [ "RCA Victor" ] }
5727a6242ca10214002d92de	Gramophone_record	In 1931, RCA Victor launched the first commercially available vinyl long-playing record, marketed as program-transcription discs. These revolutionary discs were designed for playback at 33 1⁄3 rpm and pressed on a 30 cm diameter flexible plastic disc, with a duration of about ten minutes playing time per side. RCA Vict...	By when were long play records discontinued?	{ "answer_start": [ 702 ], "text": [ "early 1933" ] }
5727a8062ca10214002d9308	Gramophone_record	Vinyl's lower surface noise level than shellac was not forgotten, nor was its durability. In the late 1930s, radio commercials and pre-recorded radio programs being sent to disc jockeys started being stamped in vinyl, so they would not break in the mail. In the mid-1940s, special DJ copies of records started being made...	What was a benefit of using vinyl over shellac?	{ "answer_start": [ 8 ], "text": [ "lower surface noise" ] }
5727a8062ca10214002d9309	Gramophone_record	Vinyl's lower surface noise level than shellac was not forgotten, nor was its durability. In the late 1930s, radio commercials and pre-recorded radio programs being sent to disc jockeys started being stamped in vinyl, so they would not break in the mail. In the mid-1940s, special DJ copies of records started being made...	By the mid 1940s what was the primary material records were made of?	{ "answer_start": [ 324 ], "text": [ "vinyl" ] }
5727a8062ca10214002d930a	Gramophone_record	Vinyl's lower surface noise level than shellac was not forgotten, nor was its durability. In the late 1930s, radio commercials and pre-recorded radio programs being sent to disc jockeys started being stamped in vinyl, so they would not break in the mail. In the mid-1940s, special DJ copies of records started being made...	What was a factor in shellac availability?	{ "answer_start": [ 397 ], "text": [ "World War II" ] }
5727a8062ca10214002d930b	Gramophone_record	Vinyl's lower surface noise level than shellac was not forgotten, nor was its durability. In the late 1930s, radio commercials and pre-recorded radio programs being sent to disc jockeys started being stamped in vinyl, so they would not break in the mail. In the mid-1940s, special DJ copies of records started being made...	Which material was more durable, shellac or vinyl?	{ "answer_start": [ 211 ], "text": [ "vinyl" ] }
5727a8062ca10214002d930c	Gramophone_record	Vinyl's lower surface noise level than shellac was not forgotten, nor was its durability. In the late 1930s, radio commercials and pre-recorded radio programs being sent to disc jockeys started being stamped in vinyl, so they would not break in the mail. In the mid-1940s, special DJ copies of records started being made...	What material were most mailed records made of?	{ "answer_start": [ 211 ], "text": [ "vinyl" ] }
5727a8cf3acd2414000de903	Gramophone_record	Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system. It took about eight years of study, except when it was suspended because of...	What caused a delay in the production of high quality records?	{ "answer_start": [ 321 ], "text": [ "World War II" ] }
5727a8cf3acd2414000de904	Gramophone_record	Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system. It took about eight years of study, except when it was suspended because of...	Who released the 12 inch LP?	{ "answer_start": [ 437 ], "text": [ "Columbia Record Company" ] }
5727a8cf3acd2414000de905	Gramophone_record	Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system. It took about eight years of study, except when it was suspended because of...	On what date was the 12 inch LP released?	{ "answer_start": [ 495 ], "text": [ "June 18, 1948" ] }
5727a8cf3acd2414000de906	Gramophone_record	Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system. It took about eight years of study, except when it was suspended because of...	In what city was the 12 in LP released?	{ "answer_start": [ 466 ], "text": [ "New York" ] }
5727a8cf3acd2414000de907	Gramophone_record	Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system. It took about eight years of study, except when it was suspended because of...	How long did it take Columbia to produce a consumer friendly long play record?	{ "answer_start": [ 253 ], "text": [ "about eight years" ] }
5727ac6aff5b5019007d924e	Gramophone_record	Unwilling to accept and license Columbia's system, in February 1949 RCA Victor, in cooperation of its parent, the Radio Corporation of America, released the first 45 rpm single, 7 inches in diameter with a large center hole. The 45 rpm player included a changing mechanism that allowed multiple disks to be stacked, much...	What did RCA release to complete against Columbia's LP?	{ "answer_start": [ 225 ], "text": [ "The 45 rpm player" ] }
5727ac6aff5b5019007d924f	Gramophone_record	Unwilling to accept and license Columbia's system, in February 1949 RCA Victor, in cooperation of its parent, the Radio Corporation of America, released the first 45 rpm single, 7 inches in diameter with a large center hole. The 45 rpm player included a changing mechanism that allowed multiple disks to be stacked, much...	What materials were 45 rpm records made of?	{ "answer_start": [ 669 ], "text": [ "vinyl or polystyrene" ] }
5727ac6aff5b5019007d9250	Gramophone_record	Unwilling to accept and license Columbia's system, in February 1949 RCA Victor, in cooperation of its parent, the Radio Corporation of America, released the first 45 rpm single, 7 inches in diameter with a large center hole. The 45 rpm player included a changing mechanism that allowed multiple disks to be stacked, much...	What was the play time of a 45 rpm	{ "answer_start": [ 718 ], "text": [ "eight minutes" ] }
5727ac6aff5b5019007d9251	Gramophone_record	Unwilling to accept and license Columbia's system, in February 1949 RCA Victor, in cooperation of its parent, the Radio Corporation of America, released the first 45 rpm single, 7 inches in diameter with a large center hole. The 45 rpm player included a changing mechanism that allowed multiple disks to be stacked, much...	What was the size of a RCA Victor 45 rpm?	{ "answer_start": [ 178 ], "text": [ "7 inches" ] }
5727ad89ff5b5019007d9260	Gramophone_record	One early attempt at lengthening the playing time should be mentioned. At least one manufacturer in the early 1920s, World Records, produced records that played at a constant linear velocity, controlled by Noel Pemberton Billing's patented add-on governor device. As these were played from the outside to the inside, the...	Who had made an attempt in the 1920s to release a long play time recording?	{ "answer_start": [ 117 ], "text": [ "World Records" ] }
5727ad89ff5b5019007d9261	Gramophone_record	One early attempt at lengthening the playing time should be mentioned. At least one manufacturer in the early 1920s, World Records, produced records that played at a constant linear velocity, controlled by Noel Pemberton Billing's patented add-on governor device. As these were played from the outside to the inside, the...	What caused the constant linear velocity?	{ "answer_start": [ 206 ], "text": [ "Noel Pemberton Billing's patented add-on governor device" ] }
5727ad89ff5b5019007d9262	Gramophone_record	One early attempt at lengthening the playing time should be mentioned. At least one manufacturer in the early 1920s, World Records, produced records that played at a constant linear velocity, controlled by Noel Pemberton Billing's patented add-on governor device. As these were played from the outside to the inside, the...	What was a unique feature of World Records records?	{ "answer_start": [ 278 ], "text": [ "played from the outside to the inside" ] }
5727ad89ff5b5019007d9263	Gramophone_record	One early attempt at lengthening the playing time should be mentioned. At least one manufacturer in the early 1920s, World Records, produced records that played at a constant linear velocity, controlled by Noel Pemberton Billing's patented add-on governor device. As these were played from the outside to the inside, the...	What currently utilized item was World Records CLV similar to?	{ "answer_start": [ 515 ], "text": [ "Philips Laser Disc" ] }
5727ae913acd2414000de97f	Gramophone_record	In 1925, 78.26 rpm was chosen as the standard because of the introduction of the electrically powered synchronous turntable motor. This motor ran at 3600 rpm, such that a 46:1 gear ratio would produce 78.26 rpm. In parts of the world that used 50 Hz current, the standard was 77.92 rpm (3,000 rpm with a 77:2 ratio), whi...	What gear ration creates 78.26 rpm?	{ "answer_start": [ 171 ], "text": [ "46:1" ] }
5727ae913acd2414000de980	Gramophone_record	In 1925, 78.26 rpm was chosen as the standard because of the introduction of the electrically powered synchronous turntable motor. This motor ran at 3600 rpm, such that a 46:1 gear ratio would produce 78.26 rpm. In parts of the world that used 50 Hz current, the standard was 77.92 rpm (3,000 rpm with a 77:2 ratio), whi...	In what year was 78.26 rpm chosen as standard?	{ "answer_start": [ 3 ], "text": [ "1925" ] }
5727ae913acd2414000de981	Gramophone_record	In 1925, 78.26 rpm was chosen as the standard because of the introduction of the electrically powered synchronous turntable motor. This motor ran at 3600 rpm, such that a 46:1 gear ratio would produce 78.26 rpm. In parts of the world that used 50 Hz current, the standard was 77.92 rpm (3,000 rpm with a 77:2 ratio), whi...	How many rpm did the electrically powered synchronous turanable motor run at?	{ "answer_start": [ 149 ], "text": [ "3600 rpm" ] }
5727ae913acd2414000de982	Gramophone_record	In 1925, 78.26 rpm was chosen as the standard because of the introduction of the electrically powered synchronous turntable motor. This motor ran at 3600 rpm, such that a 46:1 gear ratio would produce 78.26 rpm. In parts of the world that used 50 Hz current, the standard was 77.92 rpm (3,000 rpm with a 77:2 ratio), whi...	Why are these records known as '78s'?	{ "answer_start": [ 502 ], "text": [ "to distinguish them from other newer disc record formats" ] }
5727b0292ca10214002d93d6	Gramophone_record	The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s. For example, Columbia Records' last reissue of Frank Sinatra songs on 78 rpm records wa...	When did the 45 rpm gain popularity over the 78 rpm	{ "answer_start": [ 652 ], "text": [ "1950s" ] }
5727b0292ca10214002d93d7	Gramophone_record	The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s. For example, Columbia Records' last reissue of Frank Sinatra songs on 78 rpm records wa...	With which crowd did the 45 rpm gain popularity?	{ "answer_start": [ 662 ], "text": [ "teenagers" ] }
5727b0292ca10214002d93d8	Gramophone_record	The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s. For example, Columbia Records' last reissue of Frank Sinatra songs on 78 rpm records wa...	At which time were the 79 rpm no longer mass produced?	{ "answer_start": [ 104 ], "text": [ "about 1960" ] }
5727b0292ca10214002d93d9	Gramophone_record	The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s. For example, Columbia Records' last reissue of Frank Sinatra songs on 78 rpm records wa...	On which date did Columbia release it's last 78?	{ "answer_start": [ 361 ], "text": [ "November 1, 1954." ] }
5727b0292ca10214002d93da	Gramophone_record	The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s. For example, Columbia Records' last reissue of Frank Sinatra songs on 78 rpm records wa...	What was the last country to phase out the 78 rpm?	{ "answer_start": [ 467 ], "text": [ "United Kingdom" ] }
5727b186ff5b5019007d92b6	Gramophone_record	Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could a...	What percentage of Elvis Presley's single sales were of 78s?	{ "answer_start": [ 403 ], "text": [ "less than 10%" ] }
5727b186ff5b5019007d92b7	Gramophone_record	Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could a...	What was the last 78 released in the UK by RCA?	{ "answer_start": [ 663 ], "text": [ "A Mess Of Blues/Girl Of My Best Friend" ] }
5727b186ff5b5019007d92b8	Gramophone_record	Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could a...	Why did Elvis sales of 78s perform so well in the Southern States?	{ "answer_start": [ 282 ], "text": [ "45 rpm player was a luxury few could afford at the time" ] }
5727b186ff5b5019007d92b9	Gramophone_record	Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could a...	On which label did Elvis release his early singles?	{ "answer_start": [ 41 ], "text": [ "Sun Records" ] }
5727b186ff5b5019007d92ba	Gramophone_record	Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could a...	What was the last Elvis Presley single released on 78?	{ "answer_start": [ 591 ], "text": [ "I Got Stung/One Night" ] }
5727b3ab4b864d1900163ab8	Gramophone_record	After World War II, two new competing formats came onto the market and gradually replaced the standard "78": the 33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm (see above). The 33 1⁄3 rpm LP (for "long-play") format was developed by Columbia Records and marketed in June 1948. RCA Victor developed the...	What two formats replaced the 78?	{ "answer_start": [ 113 ], "text": [ "33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm" ] }
5727b3ab4b864d1900163ab9	Gramophone_record	After World War II, two new competing formats came onto the market and gradually replaced the standard "78": the 33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm (see above). The 33 1⁄3 rpm LP (for "long-play") format was developed by Columbia Records and marketed in June 1948. RCA Victor developed the...	Who developed the 33 1/3 rpm LP?	{ "answer_start": [ 252 ], "text": [ "Columbia Records" ] }
5727b3ab4b864d1900163aba	Gramophone_record	After World War II, two new competing formats came onto the market and gradually replaced the standard "78": the 33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm (see above). The 33 1⁄3 rpm LP (for "long-play") format was developed by Columbia Records and marketed in June 1948. RCA Victor developed the...	When did the 33 1/3 rpm hit the market?	{ "answer_start": [ 285 ], "text": [ "June 1948" ] }
5727b3ab4b864d1900163abb	Gramophone_record	After World War II, two new competing formats came onto the market and gradually replaced the standard "78": the 33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm (see above). The 33 1⁄3 rpm LP (for "long-play") format was developed by Columbia Records and marketed in June 1948. RCA Victor developed the...	When did RCA release their 45 rpm format?	{ "answer_start": [ 354 ], "text": [ "March 1949" ] }
5727b3ab4b864d1900163abc	Gramophone_record	After World War II, two new competing formats came onto the market and gradually replaced the standard "78": the 33 1⁄3 rpm (often just referred to as the 33 rpm), and the 45 rpm (see above). The 33 1⁄3 rpm LP (for "long-play") format was developed by Columbia Records and marketed in June 1948. RCA Victor developed the...	When were RIAA standards established?	{ "answer_start": [ 633 ], "text": [ "mid-1950s" ] }
5727bb282ca10214002d94fc	Gramophone_record	Some recordings, such as books for the blind, were pressed at 16 2⁄3 rpm. Prestige Records released jazz records in this format in the late 1950s; for example, two of their Miles Davis albums were paired together in this format. Peter Goldmark, the man who developed the 33 1⁄3 rpm record, developed the Highway Hi-Fi 16...	What was 16 2/3 rpm speed used for?	{ "answer_start": [ 551 ], "text": [ "narrated publications" ] }
5727bb282ca10214002d94fd	Gramophone_record	Some recordings, such as books for the blind, were pressed at 16 2⁄3 rpm. Prestige Records released jazz records in this format in the late 1950s; for example, two of their Miles Davis albums were paired together in this format. Peter Goldmark, the man who developed the 33 1⁄3 rpm record, developed the Highway Hi-Fi 16...	Who developed the 33 1/3 rpm speed record?	{ "answer_start": [ 229 ], "text": [ "Peter Goldmark" ] }
5727bb282ca10214002d94fe	Gramophone_record	Some recordings, such as books for the blind, were pressed at 16 2⁄3 rpm. Prestige Records released jazz records in this format in the late 1950s; for example, two of their Miles Davis albums were paired together in this format. Peter Goldmark, the man who developed the 33 1⁄3 rpm record, developed the Highway Hi-Fi 16...	What record format was created for use in Chrysler automobiles?	{ "answer_start": [ 304 ], "text": [ "Highway Hi-Fi 16 2⁄3 rpm record" ] }
5727bb282ca10214002d94ff	Gramophone_record	Some recordings, such as books for the blind, were pressed at 16 2⁄3 rpm. Prestige Records released jazz records in this format in the late 1950s; for example, two of their Miles Davis albums were paired together in this format. Peter Goldmark, the man who developed the 33 1⁄3 rpm record, developed the Highway Hi-Fi 16...	Why did Chrysler discontinue use of the Hifi 16 2/3 rpm record?	{ "answer_start": [ 378 ], "text": [ "poor performance" ] }
5727bb282ca10214002d9500	Gramophone_record	Some recordings, such as books for the blind, were pressed at 16 2⁄3 rpm. Prestige Records released jazz records in this format in the late 1950s; for example, two of their Miles Davis albums were paired together in this format. Peter Goldmark, the man who developed the 33 1⁄3 rpm record, developed the Highway Hi-Fi 16...	To the end of which era could you find 16 rpm setting on record players?	{ "answer_start": [ 759 ], "text": [ "1970s" ] }
5727bc0b3acd2414000deaef	Gramophone_record	The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ...	Which company lost the "War of the Speeds"?	{ "answer_start": [ 453 ], "text": [ "RCA" ] }
5727bc0b3acd2414000deaf0	Gramophone_record	The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ...	What speed ultimantly ended up winning the war of the speeds?	{ "answer_start": [ 510 ], "text": [ "45 rpm" ] }
5727bc0b3acd2414000deaee	Gramophone_record	The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ...	Over which years did the "War of the Speeds" last?	{ "answer_start": [ 212 ], "text": [ "1948 to 1950" ] }
5727bc0b3acd2414000deaf1	Gramophone_record	The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ...	By 1945 what was the total sale of 45s?	{ "answer_start": [ 615 ], "text": [ "200 million" ] }
5727bc0b3acd2414000deaed	Gramophone_record	The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ...	Which two companies were involved in the "War of the Speeds"?	{ "answer_start": [ 31 ], "text": [ "RCA Victor and Columbia Records" ] }
5727bd22ff5b5019007d93dc	Gramophone_record	Eventually the 12-inch (300 mm) 33 1⁄3 rpm LP prevailed as the predominant format for musical albums, and 10-inch LPs were no longer issued. The last Columbia Records reissue of any Frank Sinatra songs on a 10-inch LP record was an album called Hall of Fame, CL 2600, issued on October 26, 1956, containing six songs, on...	What format of LPs was discontinued?	{ "answer_start": [ 106 ], "text": [ "10-inch" ] }
5727bd22ff5b5019007d93dd	Gramophone_record	Eventually the 12-inch (300 mm) 33 1⁄3 rpm LP prevailed as the predominant format for musical albums, and 10-inch LPs were no longer issued. The last Columbia Records reissue of any Frank Sinatra songs on a 10-inch LP record was an album called Hall of Fame, CL 2600, issued on October 26, 1956, containing six songs, on...	What was the significance of October 26th, 1956?	{ "answer_start": [ 141 ], "text": [ "The last Columbia Records reissue of any Frank Sinatra songs on a 10-inch LP" ] }
5727bd22ff5b5019007d93de	Gramophone_record	Eventually the 12-inch (300 mm) 33 1⁄3 rpm LP prevailed as the predominant format for musical albums, and 10-inch LPs were no longer issued. The last Columbia Records reissue of any Frank Sinatra songs on a 10-inch LP record was an album called Hall of Fame, CL 2600, issued on October 26, 1956, containing six songs, on...	In which country did the 10 in LP exist the longest?	{ "answer_start": [ 468 ], "text": [ "United Kingdom" ] }
5727bd22ff5b5019007d93df	Gramophone_record	Eventually the 12-inch (300 mm) 33 1⁄3 rpm LP prevailed as the predominant format for musical albums, and 10-inch LPs were no longer issued. The last Columbia Records reissue of any Frank Sinatra songs on a 10-inch LP record was an album called Hall of Fame, CL 2600, issued on October 26, 1956, containing six songs, on...	Which format offered up to 1/2 an hour of recordings per side?	{ "answer_start": [ 886 ], "text": [ "12-inch LP" ] }
5727bd22ff5b5019007d93e0	Gramophone_record	Eventually the 12-inch (300 mm) 33 1⁄3 rpm LP prevailed as the predominant format for musical albums, and 10-inch LPs were no longer issued. The last Columbia Records reissue of any Frank Sinatra songs on a 10-inch LP record was an album called Hall of Fame, CL 2600, issued on October 26, 1956, containing six songs, on...	Did the 45 rpm or 12 inch disc offer longer playing time?	{ "answer_start": [ 886 ], "text": [ "12-inch LP" ] }
5727be4c3acd2414000deb31	Gramophone_record	The 45 rpm discs also came in a variety known as extended play (EP), which achieved up to 10–15 minutes play at the expense of attenuating (and possibly compressing) the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were cheaper to produce, and were used in cases where unit sales were likely to be more lim...	What do the initials EP stand for?	{ "answer_start": [ 49 ], "text": [ "extended play" ] }
5727be4c3acd2414000deb32	Gramophone_record	The 45 rpm discs also came in a variety known as extended play (EP), which achieved up to 10–15 minutes play at the expense of attenuating (and possibly compressing) the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were cheaper to produce, and were used in cases where unit sales were likely to be more lim...	Why were 45s more popular with jukeboxes?	{ "answer_start": [ 528 ], "text": [ "The large center hole" ] }
5727be4c3acd2414000deb33	Gramophone_record	The 45 rpm discs also came in a variety known as extended play (EP), which achieved up to 10–15 minutes play at the expense of attenuating (and possibly compressing) the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were cheaper to produce, and were used in cases where unit sales were likely to be more lim...	What format was phased out by the end of the 1950s?	{ "answer_start": [ 607 ], "text": [ "EPs" ] }
5727be4c3acd2414000deb34	Gramophone_record	The 45 rpm discs also came in a variety known as extended play (EP), which achieved up to 10–15 minutes play at the expense of attenuating (and possibly compressing) the sound to reduce the width required by the groove. EP discs were cheaper to produce, and were used in cases where unit sales were likely to be more lim...	What was a benefit of EPs over LPs?	{ "answer_start": [ 220 ], "text": [ "EP discs were cheaper" ] }
5727bf733acd2414000deb61	Gramophone_record	From the mid-1950s through the 1960s, in the U.S. the common home record player or "stereo" (after the introduction of stereo recording) would typically have had these features: a three- or four-speed player (78, 45, 33 1⁄3, and sometimes 16 2⁄3 rpm); with changer, a tall spindle that would hold several records and aut...	What three speeds were sound on most home stereos in the mid 1950's?	{ "answer_start": [ 209 ], "text": [ "78, 45, 33 1⁄3" ] }
5727bf733acd2414000deb62	Gramophone_record	From the mid-1950s through the 1960s, in the U.S. the common home record player or "stereo" (after the introduction of stereo recording) would typically have had these features: a three- or four-speed player (78, 45, 33 1⁄3, and sometimes 16 2⁄3 rpm); with changer, a tall spindle that would hold several records and aut...	What feature of 45s required an adapter in most home stereos?	{ "answer_start": [ 556 ], "text": [ "larger center hole." ] }
5727bf733acd2414000deb63	Gramophone_record	From the mid-1950s through the 1960s, in the U.S. the common home record player or "stereo" (after the introduction of stereo recording) would typically have had these features: a three- or four-speed player (78, 45, 33 1⁄3, and sometimes 16 2⁄3 rpm); with changer, a tall spindle that would hold several records and aut...	What feature was found on more home stereos that allowed continuous play between records?	{ "answer_start": [ 257 ], "text": [ "changer" ] }
5727bf733acd2414000deb64	Gramophone_record	From the mid-1950s through the 1960s, in the U.S. the common home record player or "stereo" (after the introduction of stereo recording) would typically have had these features: a three- or four-speed player (78, 45, 33 1⁄3, and sometimes 16 2⁄3 rpm); with changer, a tall spindle that would hold several records and aut...	What format was less common but could sometimes be found on home stereos?	{ "answer_start": [ 239 ], "text": [ "16 2⁄3 rpm" ] }
5727c0a73acd2414000deb97	Gramophone_record	RCA 45s were also adapted to the smaller spindle of an LP player with a plastic snap-in insert known as a "spider". These inserts, commissioned by RCA president David Sarnoff and invented by Thomas Hutchison, were prevalent starting in the 1960s, selling in the tens of millions per year during the 45 rpm heyday. In cou...	Wy did records outside of the US often have small holes with the ability to punch out the center?	{ "answer_start": [ 635 ], "text": [ "for use in jukeboxes" ] }
5727c0a73acd2414000deb98	Gramophone_record	RCA 45s were also adapted to the smaller spindle of an LP player with a plastic snap-in insert known as a "spider". These inserts, commissioned by RCA president David Sarnoff and invented by Thomas Hutchison, were prevalent starting in the 1960s, selling in the tens of millions per year during the 45 rpm heyday. In cou...	What were the plastic inserts which would adapt 45s to the smaller spindle of an LP player called?	{ "answer_start": [ 107 ], "text": [ "spider" ] }
5727c0a73acd2414000deb99	Gramophone_record	RCA 45s were also adapted to the smaller spindle of an LP player with a plastic snap-in insert known as a "spider". These inserts, commissioned by RCA president David Sarnoff and invented by Thomas Hutchison, were prevalent starting in the 1960s, selling in the tens of millions per year during the 45 rpm heyday. In cou...	What invention did Thomas Hutchinson introduce?	{ "answer_start": [ 107 ], "text": [ "spider" ] }
5727c0a73acd2414000deb9a	Gramophone_record	RCA 45s were also adapted to the smaller spindle of an LP player with a plastic snap-in insert known as a "spider". These inserts, commissioned by RCA president David Sarnoff and invented by Thomas Hutchison, were prevalent starting in the 1960s, selling in the tens of millions per year during the 45 rpm heyday. In cou...	Whom were the adaptable inserts for 45s to LPs commissioned by?	{ "answer_start": [ 147 ], "text": [ "RCA president David Sarnoff" ] }
5727c0a73acd2414000deb9b	Gramophone_record	RCA 45s were also adapted to the smaller spindle of an LP player with a plastic snap-in insert known as a "spider". These inserts, commissioned by RCA president David Sarnoff and invented by Thomas Hutchison, were prevalent starting in the 1960s, selling in the tens of millions per year during the 45 rpm heyday. In cou...	How many spiders were sold in the 45 rpm heydays?	{ "answer_start": [ 262 ], "text": [ "tens of millions per year" ] }
5727c39d2ca10214002d95b0	Gramophone_record	The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety o...	What term was coined to differentiate better sounding products in the 1920s?	{ "answer_start": [ 10 ], "text": [ "high fidelity" ] }
5727c39d2ca10214002d95b1	Gramophone_record	The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety o...	What magazines provided reviews for audio equipment?	{ "answer_start": [ 620 ], "text": [ "High Fidelity and Audio" ] }
5727c39d2ca10214002d95b2	Gramophone_record	The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety o...	What happened in 1958 that changed the home music scene?	{ "answer_start": [ 311 ], "text": [ "variety of improvements in recording and playback technologies" ] }
5727c39d2ca10214002d95b3	Gramophone_record	The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety o...	During what years did the term HiFi take off with engineers?	{ "answer_start": [ 281 ], "text": [ "1930s and 1940s" ] }
5727c39d2ca10214002d95b4	Gramophone_record	The term "high fidelity" was coined in the 1920s by some manufacturers of radio receivers and phonographs to differentiate their better-sounding products claimed as providing "perfect" sound reproduction. The term began to be used by some audio engineers and consumers through the 1930s and 1940s. After 1949 a variety o...	What term would be used when one said they produced perfect sound reproduction?	{ "answer_start": [ 10 ], "text": [ "high fidelity" ] }
5727c4faff5b5019007d94c4	Gramophone_record	Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts. The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophon...	What did Alan Blumlein event?	{ "answer_start": [ 310 ], "text": [ "stereophonic record system" ] }

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