id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
572847713acd2414000df863 | LaserDisc | Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen fram... | What does the repair+skip feature on newer DVD players do? | {
"answer_start": [
244
],
"text": [
"filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen frame of the last readable image and sound"
]
} |
572847713acd2414000df864 | LaserDisc | Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen fram... | Which format, DVD or Laserdisc, can become unreadable with damage? | {
"answer_start": [
778
],
"text": [
"DVD"
]
} |
572847713acd2414000df865 | LaserDisc | Damaged spots on a LaserDisc can be played through or skipped over, while a DVD will often become unplayable past the damage. Some newer DVD players feature a repair+skip algorithm, which alleviates this problem by continuing to play the disc, filling in unreadable areas of the picture with blank space or a frozen fram... | Will the same size scratch cause more problems for a DVD or LaserDisc? | {
"answer_start": [
508
],
"text": [
"DVD"
]
} |
572848e94b864d19001648c4 | LaserDisc | Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support ... | Which format is considered to look most realistic, LaserDisc or DVD? | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"LaserDisc"
]
} |
572848e94b864d19001648c5 | LaserDisc | Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support ... | Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, is said to appear sharper and clearer to most viewers? | {
"answer_start": [
465
],
"text": [
"DVDs"
]
} |
572848e94b864d19001648c6 | LaserDisc | Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support ... | What features do LaserDiscs lack in, causing DVDs to appear sharper and clearer? | {
"answer_start": [
361
],
"text": [
"video signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth"
]
} |
57284a1b4b864d19001648ca | LaserDisc | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | What was the vertical blanking interval used for in LaserDiscs, preventing Macrovision signal to be implemented? | {
"answer_start": [
322
],
"text": [
"internal timing"
]
} |
57284a1b4b864d19001648cb | LaserDisc | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | Why wasn't there a need to redesign the LaserDisc format to prevent piracy? | {
"answer_start": [
512
],
"text": [
"relatively small market share"
]
} |
57284a1b4b864d19001648cc | LaserDisc | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | What protection could not be applied to LaserDiscs, making them prone to piracy? | {
"answer_start": [
119
],
"text": [
"Macrovision's Copyguard protection"
]
} |
57284b0c4b864d19001648da | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | LaserDisc was the first format to provide what type of releases to consumers? | {
"answer_start": [
152
],
"text": [
"\"Special Edition\""
]
} |
57284b0c4b864d19001648db | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | What was the first "Special Edition" film to be released to home video? | {
"answer_start": [
180
],
"text": [
"the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane"
]
} |
57284b0c4b864d19001648dc | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | What bonus features were available on the first home video "Special Edition"? | {
"answer_start": [
420
],
"text": [
"interviews, commentary tracks, documentaries, still photographs"
]
} |
57284b0c4b864d19001648dd | LaserDisc | LaserDisc's support for multiple audio tracks allowed for vast supplemental materials to be included on-disc and made it the first available format for "Special Edition" releases; the 1984 Criterion Collection edition of Citizen Kane is generally credited as being the first "Special Edition" release to home video,[cita... | What feature, unique to LaserDisc, made bonus content possible? | {
"answer_start": [
12
],
"text": [
"support for multiple audio tracks"
]
} |
57284d94ff5b5019007da136 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | What was required of a LaserDisc to continue playback after 60 minutes? | {
"answer_start": [
259
],
"text": [
"a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching"
]
} |
57284d94ff5b5019007da137 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | Which LaserDisc player solves the disc switching dilemma? | {
"answer_start": [
784
],
"text": [
"Pioneer LD-W1"
]
} |
57284d94ff5b5019007da138 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | What must be reduced in order to allow LaserDisc playback time to increase? | {
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"line count"
]
} |
57284d94ff5b5019007da139 | LaserDisc | The space-consuming analog video signal of a LaserDisc limited playback duration to 30 minutes (CAV) or 60 minutes (CLV) per side because of the hardware manufacturer's refusal to reduce line count for increased playtime. After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a... | Which format allows for more playback tie per side, CLV or CAV? | {
"answer_start": [
116
],
"text": [
"CLV"
]
} |
57284e4b2ca10214002da26e | LaserDisc | The analog information encoded on LaserDiscs does not include any form of built-in checksum or error correction. Because of this, slight dust and scratches on the disc surface can result in read-errors which cause various video quality problems: glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions. I... | What video problems on a LaserDisc can be caused by dust or scratches? | {
"answer_start": [
246
],
"text": [
"glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions"
]
} |
57284e4b2ca10214002da26f | LaserDisc | The analog information encoded on LaserDiscs does not include any form of built-in checksum or error correction. Because of this, slight dust and scratches on the disc surface can result in read-errors which cause various video quality problems: glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions. I... | Which format used in DVDs has built-in error correction? | {
"answer_start": [
336
],
"text": [
"digital MPEG-2"
]
} |
57284e4b2ca10214002da270 | LaserDisc | The analog information encoded on LaserDiscs does not include any form of built-in checksum or error correction. Because of this, slight dust and scratches on the disc surface can result in read-errors which cause various video quality problems: glitches, streaks, bursts of static, or momentary picture interruptions. I... | What type of encoding, analog or digital, causes LaserDiscs to be succeptable to damages? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"analog"
]
} |
57284ee52ca10214002da27c | LaserDisc | In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, d... | When does "crosstalk" occur? | {
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped"
]
} |
57284ee52ca10214002da27d | LaserDisc | In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, d... | What problem can be caused by a player becoming out of alignment? | {
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"\"crosstalk\""
]
} |
57284ee52ca10214002da27e | LaserDisc | In addition, LaserDisc videos sometimes exhibit a problem known as "crosstalk". The issue can arise when the laser optical pickup assembly within the player is out of alignment or because the disc is damaged or excessively warped, but it could also occur even with a properly functioning player and a factory-new disc, d... | How does "crosstalk" appear to the viewer? | {
"answer_start": [
827
],
"text": [
"swirling \"barber poles\" or rolling lines of static"
]
} |
57284fd82ca10214002da282 | LaserDisc | Assuming the player's optical pickup is in proper working order, crosstalk distortion normally does not occur during playback of CAV format LaserDiscs, as the rotational speed never varies. However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accu... | In which format does crosstalk generally not occur? | {
"answer_start": [
129
],
"text": [
"CAV"
]
} |
57284fd82ca10214002da283 | LaserDisc | Assuming the player's optical pickup is in proper working order, crosstalk distortion normally does not occur during playback of CAV format LaserDiscs, as the rotational speed never varies. However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accu... | Why does the CAV format prevent crosstalk? | {
"answer_start": [
155
],
"text": [
"the rotational speed never varies"
]
} |
57284fd82ca10214002da284 | LaserDisc | Assuming the player's optical pickup is in proper working order, crosstalk distortion normally does not occur during playback of CAV format LaserDiscs, as the rotational speed never varies. However, if the player calibration is out of order or if the CAV disc is faulty or damaged, other problems affecting tracking accu... | What happens during "laser lock"? | {
"answer_start": [
376
],
"text": [
"the player reads the same two fields for a given frame over and over again, causing the picture to look frozen"
]
} |
572850e43acd2414000df8f3 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | Is LaserDisc quality consistent or inconsistent between player brands? | {
"answer_start": [
67
],
"text": [
"inconsistency"
]
} |
572850e43acd2414000df8f4 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | What is LaserDisc playback quality dependent on? | {
"answer_start": [
591
],
"text": [
"hardware quality"
]
} |
572850e43acd2414000df8f5 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | How cheaply could an older LaserDisc player be purchased in the 1990s? | {
"answer_start": [
1088
],
"text": [
"$25"
]
} |
572850e43acd2414000df8f6 | LaserDisc | Another significant issue unique to LaserDisc is one involving the inconsistency of playback quality between different makers and models of player. On most televisions, a given DVD player will produce a picture that is visually indistinguishable from other units. Differences in image quality between players only become... | What range of prices were high-end LaserDisc players in the 1990s? | {
"answer_start": [
964
],
"text": [
"US$200 to well over $1,000"
]
} |
572851ba4b864d190016493c | LaserDisc | Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxi... | What substandard product was used in LD manufacturing that caused "laser rot"? | {
"answer_start": [
71
],
"text": [
"adhesive"
]
} |
572851ba4b864d190016493d | LaserDisc | Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxi... | What was the internal name for "laser rot" within LD processing plants? | {
"answer_start": [
447
],
"text": [
"\"color flash\""
]
} |
572851ba4b864d190016493e | LaserDisc | Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxi... | What problems could occur with laser rot? | {
"answer_start": [
542
],
"text": [
"black spots that looked like mold or burned plastic which cause the disc to skip and the movie to exhibit excessive speckling noise"
]
} |
572853173acd2414000df915 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | Why didn't LaserDiscs become popular in North America? | {
"answer_start": [
75
],
"text": [
"high cost of the players and discs"
]
} |
572853173acd2414000df916 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | By 1990, how many American homes were estimated to use LD? | {
"answer_start": [
486
],
"text": [
"nearly one million"
]
} |
572853173acd2414000df917 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | Why were LaserDiscs more popular in Japan? | {
"answer_start": [
607
],
"text": [
"prices were kept low to ensure adoption"
]
} |
572853173acd2414000df918 | LaserDisc | LaserDisc did not have high market penetration in North America due to the high cost of the players and discs, which were far more expensive than VHS players and tapes, and due to marketplace confusion with the technologically inferior CED, which also went by the name Videodisc. While the format was not widely adopted ... | Which format was more popular in high humidity areas such as Singapore? | {
"answer_start": [
1098
],
"text": [
"LaserDiscs"
]
} |
572853c14b864d1900164950 | LaserDisc | The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integrati... | How much did a LD cost in Hong Kong in the 1990s? | {
"answer_start": [
183
],
"text": [
"USD100"
]
} |
572853c14b864d1900164951 | LaserDisc | The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integrati... | Broadcast in Hong Kong used which standard formatting? | {
"answer_start": [
426
],
"text": [
"PAL standard"
]
} |
572853c14b864d1900164952 | LaserDisc | The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integrati... | In contrast to broadcast, which format did consumers use in Hong Kong? | {
"answer_start": [
356
],
"text": [
"NTSC"
]
} |
572854802ca10214002da29c | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | By what year had DVD taken over the LaserDisc market? | {
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"late 1990s"
]
} |
572854802ca10214002da29d | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | Which collector group highly values LaserDisc for their rareness? | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"movie enthusiasts"
]
} |
572854802ca10214002da29e | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | Until the end of what year were movies released in VHS, LD, and DVD in Japan? | {
"answer_start": [
463
],
"text": [
"2001"
]
} |
572854802ca10214002da29f | LaserDisc | Although the LaserDisc format was supplanted by DVD by the late 1990s, many LD titles are still highly coveted by movie enthusiasts (for example, Disney's Song of the South which is unavailable in the US in any format, but was issued in Japan on LD). This is largely because there are many films that are still only avai... | What country was the only to receive a LD release of Disney's Song of the South? | {
"answer_start": [
518
],
"text": [
"Japan"
]
} |
572855143acd2414000df91d | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | In what decade did Philips produce a "professional" LD model for computer? | {
"answer_start": [
7
],
"text": [
"early 1980s"
]
} |
572855143acd2414000df91e | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | In what year were LD jukeboxes created? | {
"answer_start": [
122
],
"text": [
"1985"
]
} |
572855143acd2414000df91f | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | Who created LD Jukeboxes in 1985? | {
"answer_start": [
128
],
"text": [
"Jasmine Multimedia"
]
} |
572855143acd2414000df920 | LaserDisc | In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display ima... | Which musical artists were featured on LD Jukeboxes in 1985? | {
"answer_start": [
204
],
"text": [
"Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper"
]
} |
5728562e3acd2414000df92f | LaserDisc | In the mid-1980s Lucasfilm pioneered the EditDroid non-linear editing system for film and television based on computer-controlled LaserDisc players. Instead of printing dailies out on film, processed negatives from the day's shoot would be sent to a mastering plant to be assembled from their 10-minute camera elements i... | How many EditDroid systems were ever built? | {
"answer_start": [
777
],
"text": [
"24"
]
} |
5728562e3acd2414000df930 | LaserDisc | In the mid-1980s Lucasfilm pioneered the EditDroid non-linear editing system for film and television based on computer-controlled LaserDisc players. Instead of printing dailies out on film, processed negatives from the day's shoot would be sent to a mastering plant to be assembled from their 10-minute camera elements i... | Were EditDroid discs single or multi-sided? | {
"answer_start": [
1256
],
"text": [
"single-sided"
]
} |
5728562e3acd2414000df931 | LaserDisc | In the mid-1980s Lucasfilm pioneered the EditDroid non-linear editing system for film and television based on computer-controlled LaserDisc players. Instead of printing dailies out on film, processed negatives from the day's shoot would be sent to a mastering plant to be assembled from their 10-minute camera elements i... | Which production company engineered the EditDroid machines in the 1980s? | {
"answer_start": [
17
],
"text": [
"Lucasfilm"
]
} |
572868002ca10214002da306 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | In what year did the Doomsday project occur? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"1986"
]
} |
572868002ca10214002da307 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | Which equipment was used for the Doomsday Project? | {
"answer_start": [
9
],
"text": [
"a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer"
]
} |
572868002ca10214002da308 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | What does LV-ROM stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
153
],
"text": [
"LaserVision Read Only Memory"
]
} |
572868002ca10214002da309 | LaserDisc | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | The Doomsday Project discs used which formatting? | {
"answer_start": [
275
],
"text": [
"CAV"
]
} |
572868bd4b864d19001649a6 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | Which of Apple's programming languages allowed users to ceatively manipulate LaserDiscs? | {
"answer_start": [
8
],
"text": [
"HyperCard"
]
} |
572868bd4b864d19001649a7 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | What did LaserStacks software enable Mac users to do? | {
"answer_start": [
202
],
"text": [
"play specific content from the disc"
]
} |
572868bd4b864d19001649a8 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | Where were "stacks" created with the LaserStack software used? | {
"answer_start": [
337
],
"text": [
"in education"
]
} |
572868bd4b864d19001649a9 | LaserDisc | Apple's HyperCard scripting language provided Macintosh computer users with a means to design databases of slides, animation, video and sounds from LaserDiscs and then to create interfaces for users to play specific content from the disc through software called LaserStacks. User-created "stacks" were shared and were es... | Which commercial company was LaserStack's most successful distributor? | {
"answer_start": [
524
],
"text": [
"Voyager"
]
} |
572869712ca10214002da318 | LaserDisc | Under contract from the U.S. Military, Matrox produced a combination computer/LaserDisc player for instructional purposes. The computer was a 286, the LaserDisc player only capable of reading the analog audio tracks. Together they weighed 43 lb (20 kg) and sturdy handles were provided in case two people were required t... | A combination computer/LD player was comissioned by what government entity? | {
"answer_start": [
20
],
"text": [
"the U.S. Military"
]
} |
572869712ca10214002da319 | LaserDisc | Under contract from the U.S. Military, Matrox produced a combination computer/LaserDisc player for instructional purposes. The computer was a 286, the LaserDisc player only capable of reading the analog audio tracks. Together they weighed 43 lb (20 kg) and sturdy handles were provided in case two people were required t... | How much did Matrox's computer/LD combo weigh? | {
"answer_start": [
239
],
"text": [
"43 lb (20 kg)"
]
} |
572869712ca10214002da31a | LaserDisc | Under contract from the U.S. Military, Matrox produced a combination computer/LaserDisc player for instructional purposes. The computer was a 286, the LaserDisc player only capable of reading the analog audio tracks. Together they weighed 43 lb (20 kg) and sturdy handles were provided in case two people were required t... | How could Matrox's computer unconventionally be controlled? | {
"answer_start": [
654
],
"text": [
"removing the ribbon cable and connecting a serial cable directly from the computer's serial port to the port on the LaserDisc player"
]
} |
57286a604b864d19001649c2 | LaserDisc | The format's instant-access capability made it possible for a new breed of LaserDisc-based video arcade games and several companies saw potential in using LaserDiscs for video games in the 1980s and 1990s, beginning in 1983 with Sega's Astron Belt. American Laser Games and Cinematronics produced elaborate arcade consol... | What quality made LDs a consideration for videogames in the 1980s and 1990s? | {
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"instant-access capability"
]
} |
57286a604b864d19001649c3 | LaserDisc | The format's instant-access capability made it possible for a new breed of LaserDisc-based video arcade games and several companies saw potential in using LaserDiscs for video games in the 1980s and 1990s, beginning in 1983 with Sega's Astron Belt. American Laser Games and Cinematronics produced elaborate arcade consol... | What was the first game to use LaserDiscs? | {
"answer_start": [
229
],
"text": [
"Sega's Astron Belt"
]
} |
57286a604b864d19001649c4 | LaserDisc | The format's instant-access capability made it possible for a new breed of LaserDisc-based video arcade games and several companies saw potential in using LaserDiscs for video games in the 1980s and 1990s, beginning in 1983 with Sega's Astron Belt. American Laser Games and Cinematronics produced elaborate arcade consol... | In what year was Sega's AStron Belt released? | {
"answer_start": [
219
],
"text": [
"1983"
]
} |
57289de03acd2414000dfb73 | LaserDisc | In 1991, several manufacturers announced specifications for what would become known as MUSE LaserDisc, representing a span of almost 15 years until the feats of this HD analog optical disc system would finally be duplicated digitally by HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc. Encoded using NHK's MUSE "Hi-Vision" analogue TV system, M... | With what operating ratio would MUSE Discs operate? | {
"answer_start": [
461
],
"text": [
"5:3"
]
} |
57289de03acd2414000dfb74 | LaserDisc | In 1991, several manufacturers announced specifications for what would become known as MUSE LaserDisc, representing a span of almost 15 years until the feats of this HD analog optical disc system would finally be duplicated digitally by HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc. Encoded using NHK's MUSE "Hi-Vision" analogue TV system, M... | What benefits did the MUSE narrow wavelength red laser have? | {
"answer_start": [
839
],
"text": [
"capable of reading through disc defects such as scratches and even mild disc rot that would cause most other players to stop, stutter or drop-out"
]
} |
57289de03acd2414000dfb75 | LaserDisc | In 1991, several manufacturers announced specifications for what would become known as MUSE LaserDisc, representing a span of almost 15 years until the feats of this HD analog optical disc system would finally be duplicated digitally by HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc. Encoded using NHK's MUSE "Hi-Vision" analogue TV system, M... | In addition to scratches and rot, what other common LaserDisc issue was to be eliminated by MUSE discs? | {
"answer_start": [
986
],
"text": [
"Crosstalk"
]
} |
57289de03acd2414000dfb76 | LaserDisc | In 1991, several manufacturers announced specifications for what would become known as MUSE LaserDisc, representing a span of almost 15 years until the feats of this HD analog optical disc system would finally be duplicated digitally by HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc. Encoded using NHK's MUSE "Hi-Vision" analogue TV system, M... | How many years did it take Blu-ray and HD-DVD players to duplicate MUSE technology? | {
"answer_start": [
126
],
"text": [
"almost 15 years"
]
} |
57289ecb4b864d1900164adc | LaserDisc | In order to view MUSE encoded discs, it was necessary to have a MUSE decoder in addition to a compatible player. There are televisions with MUSE decoding built-in and set top tuners with decoders that can provide the proper MUSE input. Equipment prices were high, especially for early HDTVs which generally eclipsed US$1... | What was the price for early HDTVs? | {
"answer_start": [
316
],
"text": [
"US$10,000"
]
} |
57289ecb4b864d1900164add | LaserDisc | In order to view MUSE encoded discs, it was necessary to have a MUSE decoder in addition to a compatible player. There are televisions with MUSE decoding built-in and set top tuners with decoders that can provide the proper MUSE input. Equipment prices were high, especially for early HDTVs which generally eclipsed US$1... | Did MUSE have a large or small target market, even in Japan? | {
"answer_start": [
369
],
"text": [
"tiny"
]
} |
57289ecb4b864d1900164ade | LaserDisc | In order to view MUSE encoded discs, it was necessary to have a MUSE decoder in addition to a compatible player. There are televisions with MUSE decoding built-in and set top tuners with decoders that can provide the proper MUSE input. Equipment prices were high, especially for early HDTVs which generally eclipsed US$1... | What were some movies that were released on MUSE LaserDiscs? | {
"answer_start": [
520
],
"text": [
"Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Lawrence of Arabia, A League of Their Own, Bugsy, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Bram Stoker's Dracula and Chaplin"
]
} |
57289f843acd2414000dfb85 | LaserDisc | With the release of 16:9 televisions in the mid-1990s, Pioneer and Toshiba decided that it was time to take advantage of this aspect ratio. Squeeze LDs were enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs. During the video transfer stage, the movie was stored in an anamorphic "squeezed" format. The widescreen movie image was... | What were "Squeeze LDs"? | {
"answer_start": [
157
],
"text": [
"enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs"
]
} |
57289f843acd2414000dfb86 | LaserDisc | With the release of 16:9 televisions in the mid-1990s, Pioneer and Toshiba decided that it was time to take advantage of this aspect ratio. Squeeze LDs were enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs. During the video transfer stage, the movie was stored in an anamorphic "squeezed" format. The widescreen movie image was... | With what aspect ratio did Squeeze LDs operate? | {
"answer_start": [
166
],
"text": [
"16:9-ratio widescreen"
]
} |
57289f843acd2414000dfb87 | LaserDisc | With the release of 16:9 televisions in the mid-1990s, Pioneer and Toshiba decided that it was time to take advantage of this aspect ratio. Squeeze LDs were enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs. During the video transfer stage, the movie was stored in an anamorphic "squeezed" format. The widescreen movie image was... | Why did Squeeze LDs have a very limited market? | {
"answer_start": [
848
],
"text": [
"very few people owned 16:9 displays"
]
} |
57289f843acd2414000dfb88 | LaserDisc | With the release of 16:9 televisions in the mid-1990s, Pioneer and Toshiba decided that it was time to take advantage of this aspect ratio. Squeeze LDs were enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs. During the video transfer stage, the movie was stored in an anamorphic "squeezed" format. The widescreen movie image was... | Could the 16:9 aspect ratio be easily resized by a normal LD player, or was the image significantly distorted? | {
"answer_start": [
831
],
"text": [
"distorted"
]
} |
57289f843acd2414000dfb89 | LaserDisc | With the release of 16:9 televisions in the mid-1990s, Pioneer and Toshiba decided that it was time to take advantage of this aspect ratio. Squeeze LDs were enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs. During the video transfer stage, the movie was stored in an anamorphic "squeezed" format. The widescreen movie image was... | What percent vertical resolution increase did Squeeze LDs feature over regular widescreen LDs? | {
"answer_start": [
457
],
"text": [
"33%"
]
} |
5728a02e4b864d1900164af6 | LaserDisc | There were no anamorphic LaserDisc titles available in the US except for promotional purposes. Upon purchase of a Toshiba 16:9 television viewers had the option of selecting a number of Warner Bros. 16:9 films. Titles include Unforgiven, Grumpy Old Men, The Fugitive, and Free Willy. The Japanese lineup of titles was di... | Which movie was released twice on Squeeze LD? | {
"answer_start": [
527
],
"text": [
"Terminator 2"
]
} |
5728a02e4b864d1900164af7 | LaserDisc | There were no anamorphic LaserDisc titles available in the US except for promotional purposes. Upon purchase of a Toshiba 16:9 television viewers had the option of selecting a number of Warner Bros. 16:9 films. Titles include Unforgiven, Grumpy Old Men, The Fugitive, and Free Willy. The Japanese lineup of titles was di... | What improvement was added to Terminator 2's second Squeeze LD release? | {
"answer_start": [
599
],
"text": [
"THX certified"
]
} |
5728a02e4b864d1900164af8 | LaserDisc | There were no anamorphic LaserDisc titles available in the US except for promotional purposes. Upon purchase of a Toshiba 16:9 television viewers had the option of selecting a number of Warner Bros. 16:9 films. Titles include Unforgiven, Grumpy Old Men, The Fugitive, and Free Willy. The Japanese lineup of titles was di... | What Warner Brothers films were available in 16:9 aspect ratio Squeeze LDs? | {
"answer_start": [
226
],
"text": [
"Unforgiven, Grumpy Old Men, The Fugitive, and Free Willy"
]
} |
5728a02e4b864d1900164af9 | LaserDisc | There were no anamorphic LaserDisc titles available in the US except for promotional purposes. Upon purchase of a Toshiba 16:9 television viewers had the option of selecting a number of Warner Bros. 16:9 films. Titles include Unforgiven, Grumpy Old Men, The Fugitive, and Free Willy. The Japanese lineup of titles was di... | What films were available for Japanese market Squeeze LDs? | {
"answer_start": [
427
],
"text": [
"Basic Instinct, Stargate, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Showgirls, Cutthroat Island, and Cliffhanger"
]
} |
5728a0c84b864d1900164afe | LaserDisc | Another form of recordable LaserDisc that is completely playback-compatible with the LaserDisc format (unlike CRVdisc with its caddy enclosure) is the RLV, or Recordable LaserVision disc. It was developed and first marketed by the Optical Disc Corporation (ODC, now ODC Nimbus) in 1984. RLV discs, like CRVdisc, are also... | What does the acronym RLV stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
159
],
"text": [
"Recordable LaserVision disc"
]
} |
5728a0c84b864d1900164aff | LaserDisc | Another form of recordable LaserDisc that is completely playback-compatible with the LaserDisc format (unlike CRVdisc with its caddy enclosure) is the RLV, or Recordable LaserVision disc. It was developed and first marketed by the Optical Disc Corporation (ODC, now ODC Nimbus) in 1984. RLV discs, like CRVdisc, are also... | Which company originally developed and marketed the RLV? | {
"answer_start": [
231
],
"text": [
"Optical Disc Corporation (ODC, now ODC Nimbus)"
]
} |
5728a0c84b864d1900164b00 | LaserDisc | Another form of recordable LaserDisc that is completely playback-compatible with the LaserDisc format (unlike CRVdisc with its caddy enclosure) is the RLV, or Recordable LaserVision disc. It was developed and first marketed by the Optical Disc Corporation (ODC, now ODC Nimbus) in 1984. RLV discs, like CRVdisc, are also... | In what year did ODC develop the Recordable LaserVision Disc? | {
"answer_start": [
281
],
"text": [
"1984."
]
} |
5728a13eff5b5019007da34e | LaserDisc | The only cosmetic difference between an RLV disc and a regular factory-pressed LaserDiscs is their reflective purple-violet (or blue with some RLV discs) color resulting from the dye embedded in the reflective layer of the disc to make it recordable, as opposed to the silver mirror appearance of regular LDs. The purpli... | What is the difference in appearance between an RLV disc and a regular LD? | {
"answer_start": [
99
],
"text": [
"reflective purple-violet (or blue with some RLV discs) color"
]
} |
5728a13eff5b5019007da34f | LaserDisc | The only cosmetic difference between an RLV disc and a regular factory-pressed LaserDiscs is their reflective purple-violet (or blue with some RLV discs) color resulting from the dye embedded in the reflective layer of the disc to make it recordable, as opposed to the silver mirror appearance of regular LDs. The purpli... | Why do RLV discs have a blue or purple reflective color? | {
"answer_start": [
228
],
"text": [
"to make it recordable, as opposed to the silver mirror appearance of regular LDs"
]
} |
5728a13eff5b5019007da350 | LaserDisc | The only cosmetic difference between an RLV disc and a regular factory-pressed LaserDiscs is their reflective purple-violet (or blue with some RLV discs) color resulting from the dye embedded in the reflective layer of the disc to make it recordable, as opposed to the silver mirror appearance of regular LDs. The purpli... | For what purpose were RLVs popular? | {
"answer_start": [
401
],
"text": [
"making short-run quantities of LaserDiscs for specialized applications such as interactive kiosks and flight simulators"
]
} |
5728a13eff5b5019007da351 | LaserDisc | The only cosmetic difference between an RLV disc and a regular factory-pressed LaserDiscs is their reflective purple-violet (or blue with some RLV discs) color resulting from the dye embedded in the reflective layer of the disc to make it recordable, as opposed to the silver mirror appearance of regular LDs. The purpli... | What color were regular LaserDiscs, in contrast to RLVs blueish purple hues? | {
"answer_start": [
269
],
"text": [
"silver mirror"
]
} |
5728a20a2ca10214002da4fa | LaserDisc | There were also 12 cm (4.7 in) (CD size) "single"-style discs produced that were playable on LaserDisc players. These were referred to as CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD). A CD-V carried up to five minutes of analog LaserDisc-type video content (usually a music video), as well as up to 20 minutes of ... | In contrast to large LD disks, what is the size of a standard CD? | {
"answer_start": [
16
],
"text": [
"12 cm (4.7 in)"
]
} |
5728a20a2ca10214002da4fb | LaserDisc | There were also 12 cm (4.7 in) (CD size) "single"-style discs produced that were playable on LaserDisc players. These were referred to as CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD). A CD-V carried up to five minutes of analog LaserDisc-type video content (usually a music video), as well as up to 20 minutes of ... | What were CD size "single"-style discs called that were compatible with LaserDisc players? | {
"answer_start": [
138
],
"text": [
"CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD)"
]
} |
5728a20a2ca10214002da4fc | LaserDisc | There were also 12 cm (4.7 in) (CD size) "single"-style discs produced that were playable on LaserDisc players. These were referred to as CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD). A CD-V carried up to five minutes of analog LaserDisc-type video content (usually a music video), as well as up to 20 minutes of ... | How much video content could be stored on a CD-V disk? | {
"answer_start": [
206
],
"text": [
"up to five minutes of analog LaserDisc-type video content"
]
} |
5728a20a2ca10214002da4fd | LaserDisc | There were also 12 cm (4.7 in) (CD size) "single"-style discs produced that were playable on LaserDisc players. These were referred to as CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD). A CD-V carried up to five minutes of analog LaserDisc-type video content (usually a music video), as well as up to 20 minutes of ... | What were CD-V's video capacities usually used for? | {
"answer_start": [
275
],
"text": [
"music video"
]
} |
5728a20a2ca10214002da4fe | LaserDisc | There were also 12 cm (4.7 in) (CD size) "single"-style discs produced that were playable on LaserDisc players. These were referred to as CD Video (CD-V) discs, and Video Single Discs (VSD). A CD-V carried up to five minutes of analog LaserDisc-type video content (usually a music video), as well as up to 20 minutes of ... | Which artist released a music video and three audio tracks on CD-V in 1989? | {
"answer_start": [
374
],
"text": [
"David Bowie"
]
} |
5728a2e94b864d1900164b0e | LaserDisc | CD-Vs are not to be confused with Video CDs (which are all-digital and can only be played on VCD players, DVD players, CD-i players, computers, and later-model LaserDisc players, such as the DVL series from Pioneer that can also play DVDs). CD-Vs can only be played back on LaserDisc players with CD-V capability. VSDs w... | What were VSDs lacking that CD-Vs included? | {
"answer_start": [
359
],
"text": [
"audio CD tracks"
]
} |
5728a2e94b864d1900164b0f | LaserDisc | CD-Vs are not to be confused with Video CDs (which are all-digital and can only be played on VCD players, DVD players, CD-i players, computers, and later-model LaserDisc players, such as the DVL series from Pioneer that can also play DVDs). CD-Vs can only be played back on LaserDisc players with CD-V capability. VSDs w... | In what areas of the world were VSDs popular? | {
"answer_start": [
476
],
"text": [
"only in Japan and other parts of Asia"
]
} |
5728a2e94b864d1900164b10 | LaserDisc | CD-Vs are not to be confused with Video CDs (which are all-digital and can only be played on VCD players, DVD players, CD-i players, computers, and later-model LaserDisc players, such as the DVL series from Pioneer that can also play DVDs). CD-Vs can only be played back on LaserDisc players with CD-V capability. VSDs w... | Were VSDs or CD-Vs all digital and also playable on DVD players? | {
"answer_start": [
314
],
"text": [
"VSDs"
]
} |
572822da3acd2414000df55f | Annelid | The annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms. They also have parapodia for locomotion. Most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include earthworms) and leech-like species. Cladistic research since 1997 has r... | What kind of symmetry do annelids have? | {
"answer_start": [
17
],
"text": [
"bilateral"
]
} |
572822da3acd2414000df560 | Annelid | The annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms. They also have parapodia for locomotion. Most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include earthworms) and leech-like species. Cladistic research since 1997 has r... | What do annelids use to move? | {
"answer_start": [
107
],
"text": [
"parapodia"
]
} |
572822da3acd2414000df561 | Annelid | The annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms. They also have parapodia for locomotion. Most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include earthworms) and leech-like species. Cladistic research since 1997 has r... | Which subtype of annelids includes most marine worms? | {
"answer_start": [
188
],
"text": [
"polychaetes"
]
} |
572822da3acd2414000df562 | Annelid | The annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms. They also have parapodia for locomotion. Most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include earthworms) and leech-like species. Cladistic research since 1997 has r... | Which subtype of annelids includes earthworms? | {
"answer_start": [
221
],
"text": [
"oligochaetes"
]
} |
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