id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5729fc3caf94a219006aa71e | Energy | Energy transformations in the universe over time are characterized by various kinds of potential energy that has been available since the Big Bang later being "released" (transformed to more active types of energy such as kinetic or radiant energy) when a triggering mechanism is available. Familiar examples of such pro... | Name another example of a heavy isotope. | {
"answer_start": [
446
],
"text": [
"thorium"
]
} |
5729fc3caf94a219006aa71f | Energy | Energy transformations in the universe over time are characterized by various kinds of potential energy that has been available since the Big Bang later being "released" (transformed to more active types of energy such as kinetic or radiant energy) when a triggering mechanism is available. Familiar examples of such pro... | What is a process ultimately using the gravitational potential energy in the creation of these heavy elements before they were incorporated into the solar system and the Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
459
],
"text": [
"nucleosynthesis"
]
} |
5729fc3caf94a219006aa720 | Energy | Energy transformations in the universe over time are characterized by various kinds of potential energy that has been available since the Big Bang later being "released" (transformed to more active types of energy such as kinetic or radiant energy) when a triggering mechanism is available. Familiar examples of such pro... | In the case of a chemical explosion, what is transformed to kinetic energy and thermal energy in a short time? | {
"answer_start": [
866
],
"text": [
"chemical potential energy"
]
} |
5729fcffaf94a219006aa725 | Energy | Energy gives rise to weight when it is trapped in a system with zero momentum, where it can be weighed. It is also equivalent to mass, and this mass is always associated with it. Mass is also equivalent to a certain amount of energy, and likewise always appears associated with it, as described in mass-energy equivalenc... | When does energy give rise to weight? | {
"answer_start": [
28
],
"text": [
"when it is trapped in a system with zero momentum"
]
} |
5729fcffaf94a219006aa726 | Energy | Energy gives rise to weight when it is trapped in a system with zero momentum, where it can be weighed. It is also equivalent to mass, and this mass is always associated with it. Mass is also equivalent to a certain amount of energy, and likewise always appears associated with it, as described in mass-energy equivalenc... | Mass is also equivalent to what? | {
"answer_start": [
208
],
"text": [
"certain amount of energy"
]
} |
5729fcffaf94a219006aa727 | Energy | Energy gives rise to weight when it is trapped in a system with zero momentum, where it can be weighed. It is also equivalent to mass, and this mass is always associated with it. Mass is also equivalent to a certain amount of energy, and likewise always appears associated with it, as described in mass-energy equivalenc... | Who created the formula E = mc2? | {
"answer_start": [
355
],
"text": [
"Albert Einstein"
]
} |
5729fcffaf94a219006aa728 | Energy | Energy gives rise to weight when it is trapped in a system with zero momentum, where it can be weighed. It is also equivalent to mass, and this mass is always associated with it. Mass is also equivalent to a certain amount of energy, and likewise always appears associated with it, as described in mass-energy equivalenc... | In what year did Einstein create E = mc2? | {
"answer_start": [
372
],
"text": [
"1905"
]
} |
5729fcffaf94a219006aa729 | Energy | Energy gives rise to weight when it is trapped in a system with zero momentum, where it can be weighed. It is also equivalent to mass, and this mass is always associated with it. Mass is also equivalent to a certain amount of energy, and likewise always appears associated with it, as described in mass-energy equivalenc... | What quantifies the relationship between rest-mass and rest-energy within the concept of special relativity? | {
"answer_start": [
335
],
"text": [
"E = mc²"
]
} |
5729fd8e6aef05140015517a | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Matter may be converted to what? | {
"answer_start": [
27
],
"text": [
"energy"
]
} |
5729fd8e6aef05140015517b | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Energy may be converted to what? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Matter"
]
} |
5729fd8e6aef05140015517c | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Why is a loss of energy difficult to measure by weight? | {
"answer_start": [
583
],
"text": [
"mass equivalent of a unit of energy is minuscule"
]
} |
5729fd8e6aef05140015517d | Energy | Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o... | Where are examples of energy transformation into matter found? | {
"answer_start": [
881
],
"text": [
"high-energy nuclear physics"
]
} |
5729fe926aef051400155182 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | Thermodynamics divides energy information into what two kinds? | {
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"reversible processes and irreversible processes"
]
} |
5729fe926aef051400155183 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | What divides energy transformation into two kinds reversible processes and irreversible processes? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Thermodynamics"
]
} |
5729fe926aef051400155184 | Energy | Thermodynamics divides energy transformation into two kinds: reversible processes and irreversible processes. An irreversible process is one in which energy is dissipated (spread) into empty energy states available in a volume, from which it cannot be recovered into more concentrated forms (fewer quantum states), witho... | A reversible process is one in which this does not happen. | {
"answer_start": [
406
],
"text": [
"dissipation"
]
} |
5729ff176aef051400155192 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in what? | {
"answer_start": [
80
],
"text": [
"irreversible states"
]
} |
5729ff176aef051400155193 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | What is it referred to when more and more of energy becomes trapped in irreversible states? | {
"answer_start": [
190
],
"text": [
"inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe"
]
} |
5729ff176aef051400155194 | Energy | As the universe evolves in time, more and more of its energy becomes trapped in irreversible states (i.e., as heat or other kinds of increases in disorder). This has been referred to as the inevitable thermodynamic heat death of the universe. In this heat death the energy of the universe does not change, but the fracti... | In this heat death of energy, what does not change? | {
"answer_start": [
266
],
"text": [
"energy of the universe"
]
} |
5729ffedaf94a219006aa743 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | According to what, energy can neither be created nor destroyed by itself? | {
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"conservation of energy"
]
} |
5729ffedaf94a219006aa744 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | The total inflow of energy into a system must equal what? | {
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system"
]
} |
5729ffedaf94a219006aa745 | Energy | According to conservation of energy, energy can neither be created (produced) nor destroyed by itself. It can only be transformed. The total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system. Energy is subject to a strict glo... | What can neither be created nor destroyed by itself; it can only be transformed? | {
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"energy"
]
} |
572a0071af94a219006aa749 | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What shows that the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time? | {
"answer_start": [
71
],
"text": [
"Noether's theorem"
]
} |
572a0071af94a219006aa74a | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What is the quantity which is canonical conjugate to time? | {
"answer_start": [
403
],
"text": [
"energy"
]
} |
572a0071af94a219006aa74b | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | This mathematical entanglement of energy and time results in what? | {
"answer_start": [
530
],
"text": [
"the uncertainty principle"
]
} |
572a0071af94a219006aa74c | Energy | This law is a fundamental principle of physics. As shown rigorously by Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a mathematical consequence of translational symmetry of time, a property of most phenomena below the cosmic scale that makes them independent of their locations on the time coordinate. Put differently... | What states it is impossible to define the exact amount of energy during any definite time interval? | {
"answer_start": [
534
],
"text": [
"uncertainty principle"
]
} |
572a00d23f37b31900478637 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons? | {
"answer_start": [
276
],
"text": [
"Virtual photons"
]
} |
572a00d23f37b31900478638 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What is responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges? | {
"answer_start": [
276
],
"text": [
"Virtual photons"
]
} |
572a00d23f37b31900478639 | Energy | In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest qua... | What results in Coulomb law? | {
"answer_start": [
386
],
"text": [
"electrostatic interaction between electric charges"
]
} |
572a016b3f37b3190047863d | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | What can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Energy transfer"
]
} |
572a016b3f37b3190047863e | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | The portion of energy which does not do work during the transfer is called what? | {
"answer_start": [
344
],
"text": [
"heat"
]
} |
572a016b3f37b3190047863f | Energy | Energy transfer can be considered for the special case of systems which are closed to transfers of matter. The portion of the energy which is transferred by conservative forces over a distance is measured as the work the source system does on the receiving system. The portion of the energy which does not do work during... | Give one example of how energy can be transferred between systems? | {
"answer_start": [
443
],
"text": [
"transmission of electromagnetic energy via photons"
]
} |
572a01dc1d046914007796c1 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What asserts that energy is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"first law of thermodynamics"
]
} |
572a01dc1d046914007796c2 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that what is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer? | {
"answer_start": [
45
],
"text": [
"energy"
]
} |
572a01dc1d046914007796c3 | Energy | The first law of thermodynamics asserts that energy (but not necessarily thermodynamic free energy) is always conserved and that heat flow is a form of energy transfer. For homogeneous systems, with a well-defined temperature and pressure, a commonly used corollary of the first law is that, for a system subject only to... | What is a commonly used corollary of the first law? | {
"answer_start": [
292
],
"text": [
"for a system subject only to pressure forces and heat transfer (e.g., a cylinder-full of gas) without chemical changes"
]
} |
572a023f1d046914007796c7 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is the principle that is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy? | {
"answer_start": [
115
],
"text": [
"entropy"
]
} |
572a023f1d046914007796c8 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is entropy? | {
"answer_start": [
137
],
"text": [
"measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system"
]
} |
572a023f1d046914007796c9 | Energy | This principle is vitally important to understanding the behaviour of a quantity closely related to energy, called entropy. Entropy is a measure of evenness of a distribution of energy between parts of a system. When an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom (i.e., given new available energy states that are t... | What is the mathematical result when an isolated system is given more degrees of freedom? | {
"answer_start": [
502
],
"text": [
"second law of thermodynamics"
]
} |
572a054f6aef0514001551b4 | East_Prussia | East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the f... | Who defeated the native Prussians during the 13 century? | {
"answer_start": [
161
],
"text": [
"Teutonic Knights"
]
} |
572a054f6aef0514001551b7 | East_Prussia | East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the f... | What other groups during this period for form minorities? | {
"answer_start": [
388
],
"text": [
"Poles and Lithuanians"
]
} |
572a054f6aef0514001551b5 | East_Prussia | East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the f... | The Balts were gradually converted into which religion? | {
"answer_start": [
254
],
"text": [
"Christianity"
]
} |
572a054f6aef0514001551b6 | East_Prussia | East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the f... | Which ethnic group become dominant following the 13 century just a few hundred years later? | {
"answer_start": [
340
],
"text": [
"Germans"
]
} |
572a054f6aef0514001551b8 | East_Prussia | East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the f... | Around when did the Old Prussian language become extinct? | {
"answer_start": [
733
],
"text": [
"17th or early 18th century"
]
} |
572a14df6aef051400155246 | East_Prussia | Because the duchy was outside of the core Holy Roman Empire, the prince-electors of Brandenburg were able to proclaim themselves King of Prussia beginning in 1701. After the annexation of most of western Royal Prussia in the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772, eastern (ducal) Prussia was conn... | Why were the prince electors able to proclaim themselves King of Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Because the duchy was outside of the core Holy Roman Empire"
]
} |
572a14df6aef051400155247 | East_Prussia | Because the duchy was outside of the core Holy Roman Empire, the prince-electors of Brandenburg were able to proclaim themselves King of Prussia beginning in 1701. After the annexation of most of western Royal Prussia in the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772, eastern (ducal) Prussia was conn... | In what year were the prince electors elect them selves as King? | {
"answer_start": [
158
],
"text": [
"1701"
]
} |
572a14df6aef051400155248 | East_Prussia | Because the duchy was outside of the core Holy Roman Empire, the prince-electors of Brandenburg were able to proclaim themselves King of Prussia beginning in 1701. After the annexation of most of western Royal Prussia in the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772, eastern (ducal) Prussia was conn... | What time period did East Prussia and West Prussia join to become Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
536
],
"text": [
"Prussia"
]
} |
572a17261d0469140077975f | East_Prussia | The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the... | What year did the Kingdom of Prussia become the leading state of the German Empire? | {
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"1871"
]
} |
572a17261d04691400779760 | East_Prussia | The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the... | What well known treaty would eventually would grant West Prussia to Poland? | {
"answer_start": [
120
],
"text": [
"Versailles"
]
} |
572a17261d04691400779761 | East_Prussia | The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the... | What year did the Nazi's fall in World War II? | {
"answer_start": [
439
],
"text": [
"1945"
]
} |
572a17261d04691400779763 | East_Prussia | The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the... | How many died trying to defend the province in Kaliningrad? | {
"answer_start": [
953
],
"text": [
"300,000"
]
} |
572a1a461d04691400779781 | East_Prussia | Upon the invitation of Duke Konrad I of Masovia, the Teutonic Knights took possession of Prussia in the 13th century and created a monastic state to administer the conquered Old Prussians. Local Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms were gradually Germanised. The Knights' expansionist policies, including occ... | Which group took possession of Prussia in the 13th century? | {
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
"Teutonic Knights"
]
} |
572a1a461d04691400779782 | East_Prussia | Upon the invitation of Duke Konrad I of Masovia, the Teutonic Knights took possession of Prussia in the 13th century and created a monastic state to administer the conquered Old Prussians. Local Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms were gradually Germanised. The Knights' expansionist policies, including occ... | Which two areas were slowly Germanized during the 13th century? | {
"answer_start": [
195
],
"text": [
"Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms"
]
} |
572a1a461d04691400779783 | East_Prussia | Upon the invitation of Duke Konrad I of Masovia, the Teutonic Knights took possession of Prussia in the 13th century and created a monastic state to administer the conquered Old Prussians. Local Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms were gradually Germanised. The Knights' expansionist policies, including occ... | What did the knights of expansionist polices eventually lead to? | {
"answer_start": [
466
],
"text": [
"several wars"
]
} |
572a1a461d04691400779784 | East_Prussia | Upon the invitation of Duke Konrad I of Masovia, the Teutonic Knights took possession of Prussia in the 13th century and created a monastic state to administer the conquered Old Prussians. Local Old-Prussian (north) and Polish (south) toponyms were gradually Germanised. The Knights' expansionist policies, including occ... | What year was the Second Treaty of Thorn enacted? | {
"answer_start": [
717
],
"text": [
"1466"
]
} |
572a1ca66aef05140015529e | East_Prussia | The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cro... | Who converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order? | {
"answer_start": [
58
],
"text": [
"Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach"
]
} |
572a1ca66aef05140015529f | East_Prussia | The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cro... | In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"1525"
]
} |
572a1ca66aef0514001552a0 | East_Prussia | The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cro... | What did Albert establish himself as? | {
"answer_start": [
214
],
"text": [
"first duke of the Duchy of Prussia"
]
} |
572a1e59af94a219006aa7f7 | East_Prussia | The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in ... | In what year did Maximilian III die? | {
"answer_start": [
121
],
"text": [
"1618"
]
} |
572a1e59af94a219006aa7f8 | East_Prussia | The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in ... | What happened as a result of Maximilian's death? | {
"answer_start": [
149
],
"text": [
"Albert's line died out"
]
} |
572a1e59af94a219006aa7f9 | East_Prussia | The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in ... | Who revoked the King of Poland's sovereignty over Prussia in 1660? | {
"answer_start": [
505
],
"text": [
"Frederick William"
]
} |
572a206b3f37b3190047870f | East_Prussia | Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III... | Brandenburg was part of what dominating force? | {
"answer_start": [
39
],
"text": [
"Holy Roman Empire"
]
} |
572a206b3f37b31900478710 | East_Prussia | Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III... | What jurisdiction was the Prussian lands under? | {
"answer_start": [
155
],
"text": [
"Teutonic Order"
]
} |
572a206b3f37b31900478711 | East_Prussia | Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III... | Who elected there self as King of Prussia in 1701? | {
"answer_start": [
307
],
"text": [
"Frederick III"
]
} |
572a206b3f37b31900478712 | East_Prussia | Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III... | What did the former Duchy of Prussia become known as? | {
"answer_start": [
656
],
"text": [
"Altpreußen (\"Old Prussia\")"
]
} |
572a229a3f37b31900478721 | East_Prussia | Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian. The plague, probably brought by foreign troops during the Great Northern War, killed 250,000 East Prussians, especially in the province's eastern regions. Crown Prince Frederick ... | What wiped out one third of East Prussia's population during the early 1700's? | {
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"the plague and famine"
]
} |
572a229a3f37b31900478722 | East_Prussia | Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian. The plague, probably brought by foreign troops during the Great Northern War, killed 250,000 East Prussians, especially in the province's eastern regions. Crown Prince Frederick ... | What was lost in Prussia's history during the Plague? | {
"answer_start": [
116
],
"text": [
"speakers of Old Prussian"
]
} |
572a229a3f37b31900478723 | East_Prussia | Approximately one-third of East Prussia's population died in the plague and famine of 1709–1711, including the last speakers of Old Prussian. The plague, probably brought by foreign troops during the Great Northern War, killed 250,000 East Prussians, especially in the province's eastern regions. Crown Prince Frederick ... | What military overran much of East Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
546
],
"text": [
"Russian troops"
]
} |
572a268f6aef051400155312 | East_Prussia | In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomerani... | In what year was Royal Prussia annexed? | {
"answer_start": [
7
],
"text": [
"1772"
]
} |
572a268f6aef051400155313 | East_Prussia | In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomerani... | In what year was the territory of Warmia incorporated? | {
"answer_start": [
494
],
"text": [
"31 January 1773"
]
} |
572a268f6aef051400155314 | East_Prussia | In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomerani... | What was ratified in 1773 in Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
714
],
"text": [
"The Polish Partition Sejm"
]
} |
572a29476aef05140015532a | East_Prussia | After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The F... | What defeat led to Prussia having to swear its allegiance to Napoleon? | {
"answer_start": [
56
],
"text": [
"Battle of Jena-Auerstedt"
]
} |
572a29476aef05140015532b | East_Prussia | After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The F... | What city did King Frederick William use to flee Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
272
],
"text": [
"Königsberg"
]
} |
572a29476aef05140015532c | East_Prussia | After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The F... | What year did Napoleon end of the War of the Fourth Coalition? | {
"answer_start": [
415
],
"text": [
"1807"
]
} |
572a2a906aef051400155330 | East_Prussia | The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussi... | Who instigated the Prussian reforms? | {
"answer_start": [
46
],
"text": [
"Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg"
]
} |
572a2a906aef051400155331 | East_Prussia | The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussi... | What was included in the reform? | {
"answer_start": [
257
],
"text": [
"emancipation of the serfs and Jews"
]
} |
572a2a906aef051400155332 | East_Prussia | The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussi... | In what year was East and West Prussia first united? | {
"answer_start": [
631
],
"text": [
"1824"
]
} |
572a2a906aef051400155333 | East_Prussia | The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussi... | When did East and West Prussia split again? | {
"answer_start": [
796
],
"text": [
"1878"
]
} |
572a2d163f37b3190047876d | East_Prussia | The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decre... | Was the population of the Prussian province in 1900? | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"1,996,626 people"
]
} |
572a2d163f37b3190047876e | East_Prussia | The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decre... | Which religious group made up the majority of the population in Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
98
],
"text": [
"Protestants"
]
} |
572a2d163f37b3190047876f | East_Prussia | The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decre... | Due to Germanization which three groups saw a decrease in Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
268
],
"text": [
"Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians"
]
} |
572a2f743f37b31900478787 | East_Prussia | At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the captu... | Which country invaded east Prussia in World War I? | {
"answer_start": [
79
],
"text": [
"Russian Empire"
]
} |
572a2f743f37b31900478788 | East_Prussia | At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the captu... | Why did the Russian army face such little resistance when moving through Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
195
],
"text": [
"German Army had been directed towards the Western Front"
]
} |
572a2f743f37b31900478789 | East_Prussia | At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the captu... | In what year did the battle of Tannenberg take place? | {
"answer_start": [
396
],
"text": [
"1914"
]
} |
572a303eaf94a219006aa879 | East_Prussia | With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia becam... | In what year did Germany become a republic? | {
"answer_start": [
52
],
"text": [
"1918"
]
} |
572a303eaf94a219006aa87a | East_Prussia | With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia becam... | What was implemented that separated East Prussia from Germany? | {
"answer_start": [
383
],
"text": [
"Treaty of Versailles"
]
} |
572a303eaf94a219006aa87b | East_Prussia | With the forced abdication of Emperor William II in 1918, Germany became a republic. Most of West Prussia and the former Prussian Province of Posen, territories annexed by Prussia in the 18th century Partitions of Poland, were ceded to the Second Polish Republic according to the Treaty of Versailles. East Prussia becam... | What was implemented to provide transport to East Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
795
],
"text": [
"The Seedienst Ostpreußen"
]
} |
572a38ef3f37b319004787dd | East_Prussia | Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely a... | Who was the leader of the East Prussian Nazi Party? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Erich Koch"
]
} |
572a38ef3f37b319004787de | East_Prussia | Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely a... | What large plans did Koch have? | {
"answer_start": [
275
],
"text": [
"mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province"
]
} |
572a38ef3f37b319004787df | East_Prussia | Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely a... | What even occurred during the summer of 1932 in Konigsberg? | {
"answer_start": [
541
],
"text": [
"attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats"
]
} |
572a38ef3f37b319004787e0 | East_Prussia | Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely a... | Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats? | {
"answer_start": [
654
],
"text": [
"Gustav Sauf"
]
} |
572a3b9caf94a219006aa8ed | East_Prussia | Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prus... | How were East Prussians able to pay for land improvements and road construction? | {
"answer_start": [
8
],
"text": [
"publicly funded emergency relief programs"
]
} |
572a3b9caf94a219006aa8ee | East_Prussia | Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prus... | What was the name of the initiative to help with the new projects in East Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
134
],
"text": [
"Erich Koch Plan"
]
} |
572a3b9caf94a219006aa8ef | East_Prussia | Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the "Erich Koch Plan" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prus... | What did Koch report to Hitler in 1933? | {
"answer_start": [
261
],
"text": [
"that unemployment had been banished entirely"
]
} |
572a3ff73f37b31900478823 | East_Prussia | In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered ... | In what year did the Nazi's alter around one-third of the toponyms of the area? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"1938"
]
} |
572a3ff73f37b31900478824 | East_Prussia | In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered ... | Around how many places were renamed when the Nazis entered Prussia? | {
"answer_start": [
294
],
"text": [
"1,500"
]
} |
572a3ff73f37b31900478825 | East_Prussia | In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered ... | What would happen if some didn't comply with the Nazi's with their demands? | {
"answer_start": [
515
],
"text": [
"sent to concentration camps"
]
} |
572a41513f37b31900478829 | East_Prussia | In 1939 East Prussia had 2.49 million inhabitants, 85% of them ethnic Germans, the others Poles in the south who, according to Polish estimates numbered in the interwar period around 300,000-350,000, the Latvian speaking Kursenieki, and Lietuvininkai who spoke Lithuanian in the northeast. Most German East Prussians, Ma... | How many people lived in Easy Prussia in 1939? | {
"answer_start": [
25
],
"text": [
"2.49 million"
]
} |
572a41513f37b3190047882a | East_Prussia | In 1939 East Prussia had 2.49 million inhabitants, 85% of them ethnic Germans, the others Poles in the south who, according to Polish estimates numbered in the interwar period around 300,000-350,000, the Latvian speaking Kursenieki, and Lietuvininkai who spoke Lithuanian in the northeast. Most German East Prussians, Ma... | Of the population in East Prussia, what percentage of those were German? | {
"answer_start": [
51
],
"text": [
"85%"
]
} |
572a41513f37b3190047882b | East_Prussia | In 1939 East Prussia had 2.49 million inhabitants, 85% of them ethnic Germans, the others Poles in the south who, according to Polish estimates numbered in the interwar period around 300,000-350,000, the Latvian speaking Kursenieki, and Lietuvininkai who spoke Lithuanian in the northeast. Most German East Prussians, Ma... | How many East Prussian Jews were around in 1939? | {
"answer_start": [
544
],
"text": [
"3,000"
]
} |
572a41513f37b3190047882c | East_Prussia | In 1939 East Prussia had 2.49 million inhabitants, 85% of them ethnic Germans, the others Poles in the south who, according to Polish estimates numbered in the interwar period around 300,000-350,000, the Latvian speaking Kursenieki, and Lietuvininkai who spoke Lithuanian in the northeast. Most German East Prussians, Ma... | What happened to those Jews who remained? | {
"answer_start": [
618
],
"text": [
"deported and killed in the Holocaust."
]
} |
572a441b6aef0514001553ec | East_Prussia | In 1939 the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau was annexed by Germany and incorporated into East Prussia. Parts of it were transferred to other regions, e.g. Suwałki to Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen and Soldau to Regierungsbezirk Allenstein. Despite Nazi propaganda presenting all of the regions annexed as possessing significant Ge... | In what year was the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau annexed? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"1939"
]
} |
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