title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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Detection and quantification of blastocystis by specific real-time quantitative PCR | A real-time quantitative PCR assay with a specific probe for | PMC10636941 | ||
Subtyping of blastocystis by massively parallel amplicon sequencing | Samples positive for | PMC10636941 | ||
Parasitome survey using massively parallel amplicon profiling of the 18S rDNA gene | The parasitome survey was performed using massively parallel sequencing with five different PCR amplicons of the 18S rDNA gene, as reported in detail previously [ | PMC10636941 | ||
Quantification of | The single-cell protists with a signal in the parasitome survey ( | PMC10636941 | ||
Bacteriome analysis | The processing, DNA library preparation and sequencing had been done previously by massively parallel amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene [ | PMC10636941 | ||
Statistical analysis | The prevalence of single-cell protists was determined by counting any PCR positivity at any level. Their presence and quantity were then modeled using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with the subject as the grouping variable, time point (factor with three levels—0, 3 and 6 months) and a first-order autoregressiv... | PMC10636941 | ||
Results | PMC10636941 | |||
Fecal parasitome analysis | The molecular survey using 18S rDNA parasitome profiling and/or specific quantitative PCR for the single-cell protists revealed positivity in widely varying quantities: in The subject-wise prevalence of these three protists, calculated as at least once positive among the three time points, was highest in Sample- and su... | PMC10636941 | ||
Blastocystis subtypes | Blastocystis | Of 26 Blastocystis subtypes. ( | PMC10636941 | |
Protists and the fecal bacteriome | The presence of Alpha diversity of the faecal bacteriome and associations with positivity for Redundancy analysis performed on Hellinger-transformed bacterial abundance data indicated no effect of the intervention (When studying the bacterial taxa associated with positivity for parasites using adjusted GEE (Table Bacte... | PMC10636941 | ||
Discussion | CDA | This study analyzed the single-cell parasitome in a randomized clinical trial of probiotic strain intervention in CDA and found a relatively stable protist colonization (By targeted molecular testing using quantitative real-time PCR, we first looked at the prevalence of The prevalence of Although The colonization by th... | PMC10636941 | |
Strengths and limitations | celiac disease | CELIAC DISEASE | Our study provides a unique insight into a novel topic in celiac disease research as no study has yet investigated the gut parasitome by molecular techniques. The samples were taken longitudinally, which helps decrease the effects of short-term fluctuations in the abundance of individual microbial taxa [The main limita... | PMC10636941 |
Conclusions | The prevalence of | PMC10636941 | ||
Acknowledgements | Zuzana Lhotská from the Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Zdeněk Verner, from Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec (BIOCEV), are sincerely thanked for preparing cultures of | PMC10636941 | ||
Author contributions | RECRUITMENT | JH performed laboratory analyses, analysed some of the data and wrote the manuscript; EO performed some laboratory analyses; AH supervised the laboratory analyses and co-lead the study; KJM and MJ contributed to the preparation of the detection assays, construction of quantitative calibrators and manuscript revision; C... | PMC10636941 | |
Funding | Celiac Disease | CELIAC DISEASE | Open access funding provided by Lund University. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 874864 HEDIMED. This publication reflects only the authors' views, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be m... | PMC10636941 |
Availability of data and materials | Data are available upon reasonable request. | PMC10636941 | ||
Declarations | PMC10636941 | |||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty, Lund University, on September 8th, 2011 (Dnr 2011/335) and on September 1st, 2021 (Dnr 2021-04470). The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03176095). | PMC10636941 | ||
Consent for publication | Not applicable. | PMC10636941 | ||
Competing interests | MINOR | DA is an inventor in a patent application based on the results of the clinical trial but has signed over all legal rights to the patent to Probi AB. Probi AB has developed and supplied the study material (active and placebo products) for the trial as well as financially supported the trial with minor costs for analyzin... | PMC10636941 | |
References | PMC10636941 | |||
Purpose: | P. | K. Fanucci and M.J. Pilat contributed as co-first authors and A. Omuro and P. LoRusso as co-last authors to this article.Prior presentation: This study was presented at ASCO 2022 Abstract #367158.Isocitrate dehydrogenase ( | PMC10035510 | |
Methods: | Patients with recurrent, contrast-enhancing | PMC10035510 | ||
Results: | astrocytoma | ASTROCYTOMA | A total of 15 evaluable patients were enrolled. Histology was astrocytoma ( | PMC10035510 |
Conclusion: | tumors, SD | TUMORS | The study did not meet the prespecified response-based activity threshold for moving to step 2. However, prolonged SD was observed in patients with grades 2 and 3 histologies, suggesting olaparib monotherapy could be of clinical benefit in select populations. Grade 4 tumors per 2021 World Health Organization classifica... | PMC10035510 |
Significance: | A single-arm phase II trial of olaparib in | PMC10035510 | ||
Introduction | heterogenous, Gliomas, tumor, primary brain tumors, gliomas | GLIOMAS, TUMOR, PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS, DISEASES, GLIOMAS | Gliomas represent a heterogenous group of diseases that account for most primary brain tumors (In general, first-line treatment for gliomas includes maximal safe resection which is often limited by tumor extent and location, adjuvant radiation, and alkylator-based chemotherapy. Chemotherapy options include temozolomide... | PMC10035510 |
Materials and Methods | PMC10035510 | |||
Patient Selection | glioma | GLIOMA | Eligible patients had recurrent or transformed glioma that progressed despite standard therapy or for which no effective standard therapy existed with evidence of an | PMC10035510 |
Study Treatment and Design | Toxicities | ADVERSE EVENT | The primary objective of this trial was to estimate the overall response rate (ORR) of olaparib in patients with Treatment cycles were 28 days. Patients were administered olaparib in tablet form orally 300 mg twice daily continually, irrespective of food intake. No premedications were required. Toxicities were graded u... | PMC10035510 |
Statistical Methods | PD | DISEASE, SECONDARY | The power analysis and sample size estimation were completed using the Bayesian adaptive trial design method. We modeled the probability of ORR using Beta distributions. The prior distribution is Beta(0.1, 0.9), which is fairly pessimistic; the expected value is 0.1, reflecting the response rate based on previous exper... | PMC10035510 |
Data Availability | The data generated in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author. | PMC10035510 | ||
Results | PMC10035510 | |||
Patient Demographics | toxicity, tumor, CNL | TUMOR | Sixteen patients were enrolled. Fifteen patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. One patient was found to be ineligible after signing consent (Consort diagram.Demographics and baseline characteristics (Summary of patients’ diagnosis and tumor characteristicsAbbreviations: CNL, copy-number loss; LOF, loss of f... | PMC10035510 |
Toxicity | toxicities, nausea, fatigue | ADVERSE EVENTS | There were no unexpected toxicities reported and most toxicities were grade 1 or 2. The most common toxicities were nausea (67%) and fatigue (47%; Most common (>10%) treatment-related and grade 1–3 treatment-related adverse events (maximum grade, all cycles; | PMC10035510 |
Efficacy | PD, death, tumor | DISEASE, TUMOR | All 15 patients were evaluable for response (Patients’ response to olaparibNOTE: PFS defined as the duration of time from start of treatment to time of progression or death, whichever occurs first. OS calculated from initiation of treatment to date of death or last known date of contact. + = alive or lost to follow-up.... | PMC10035510 |
Discussion | tumor, tumors, infiltrative disease | GLIOBLASTOMA, TUMOR, TUMORS | Olaparib monotherapy was well tolerated in patients with recurrent or progressive contrast-enhancing PARP is important in the repair of single-strand breaks (Recently, preliminary results of the OLAGLI trial investigating olaparib in 35 patients with recurrent An important concern in the development of novel therapies ... | PMC10035510 |
Supplementary Material | Tumor | PROGRESSION, TUMOR | Definition of Progression, Tumor Classification, and Eligibility Criteria, retreatment criteriaClick here for additional data file.Representativeness of Study ParticipantsClick here for additional data file. | PMC10035510 |
Acknowledgments | P. | The authors would like to thank CTEP, The Catherine Ivy Foundation, and The Rising Tide Foundation for their support of this project through grants to P. LoRusso.
| PMC10035510 | |
Authors’ Disclosures | Durecki, P. | EMD | Y. Shyr reports grants from NIH/NCI during the conduct of the study; grants from NIH outside the submitted work. S. Boerner reports grants from NCI-CTEP and Rising Tide Foundation during the conduct of the study. D. Durecki reports grants from NIH/NCI UM1CA186689 during the conduct of the study. J. Drappatz reports oth... | PMC10035510 |
Authors’ Contributions | PMC10035510 | |||
References | PMC10035510 | |||
Key Points | PMC10346121 | |||
Question | nonsuicidal self-injury | What are the efficacy and mechanisms of change of a therapist-guided, internet-delivered emotion regulation therapy for nonsuicidal self-injury among adolescents? | PMC10346121 | |
Findings | assessor-rated nonsuicidal self-injury, nonsuicidal self-injury | In this randomized clinical trial that included 166 adolescents, internet-delivered emotion regulation individual therapy delivered adjunctive to treatment as usual resulted in an 82% reduction in masked assessor-rated nonsuicidal self-injury frequency (vs a 47% reduction in treatment as usual only), a statistically si... | PMC10346121 | |
Meaning | nonsuicidal self-injury | A therapist-guided emotion regulation treatment delivered online may overcome common treatment barriers and increase availability of evidence-based psychological treatments for adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury.This randomized clinical trial examines the effectiveness of internet-delivered emotion regulation ind... | PMC10346121 | |
Importance | Nonsuicidal self-injury | Nonsuicidal self-injury is prevalent in adolescence and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Effective interventions that are brief, transportable, and scalable are lacking. | PMC10346121 | |
Objective | nonsuicidal self-injury | To test the hypotheses that an internet-delivered emotion regulation individual therapy for adolescents delivered adjunctive to treatment as usual is superior to treatment as usual only in reducing nonsuicidal self-injury and that improvements in emotion regulation mediate these treatment effects. | PMC10346121 | |
Design, Setting, and Participants | nonsuicidal self-injury disorder | This 3-site, single-masked, randomized superiority trial enrolled participants from November 20, 2017, to April 9, 2020. Eligible participants were aged between 13 and 17 years and met diagnostic criteria for nonsuicidal self-injury disorder; they were enrolled as a mixed cohort of consecutive patients and volunteers. ... | PMC10346121 | |
Interventions | Twelve weeks of therapist-guided, internet-delivered emotion regulation individual therapy delivered adjunctive to treatment as usual vs treatment as usual only. | PMC10346121 | ||
Main Outcomes and Measures | Primary outcome was the youth version of the Deliberate Self-harm Inventory, both self-reported by participants prior to treatment, once every week during treatment, and for 4 weeks posttreatment, and clinician-rated by masked assessors prior to treatment and at 1 and 3 months posttreatment. | PMC10346121 | ||
Results | self-injury, nonsuicidal self-injury | A total of 166 adolescents (mean [SD] age, 15.0 [1.2] years; 154 [92.8%] female) were randomized to internet-delivered emotion regulation therapy plus treatment as usual (84 participants) or treatment as usual only (82 participants). The experimental intervention was superior to the control condition in reducing clinic... | PMC10346121 | |
Conclusions and Relevance | self-injury, nonsuicidal self-injury | In this randomized clinical trial, a 12-week, therapist-guided, internet-delivered emotion regulation therapy delivered adjunctive to treatment as usual was efficacious in reducing self-injury, and mediation analysis supported the theorized role of emotion regulation as the mechanism of change in this treatment. This t... | PMC10346121 | |
Trial Registration | ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | PMC10346121 | ||
Introduction | NSSI, Nonsuicidal self-injury, psychiatric, assessor-rated NSSI, impulsive self-destructive behaviors | SECONDARY | Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the deliberate destruction of one’s body tissue without suicidal intent,There are very few empirically supported treatments for NSSI in adolescence.One way to treat NSSI more effectively is to target key mechanisms underlying NSSI.This study presents the results from what is to our knowl... | PMC10346121 |
Methods | PMC10346121 | |||
Design | RECRUITMENT | This was a 3-site, single-masked, randomized superiority trial comparing a 12-week, therapist-guided IERITA delivered adjunctive to TAU with TAU only for adolescents with NSSID and their parents. The trial was conducted within the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in Stockholm, Västra Götaland, and Sk... | PMC10346121 | |
Participants | NSSI, anorexia nervosa, psychotic or bipolar I disorder, primary psychiatric disorder | DISORDER | Referrals from health care professionals and self-referrals from families living in Sweden were accepted. The trial was advertised in CAMHS, schools, and newspapers and on social media.Inclusion criteria for the adolescents were: ages 13 to 17 years, meeting diagnostic criteria for NSSID, experiencing 1 or more NSSI ep... | PMC10346121 |
Procedures | psychiatric disorders | Procedures for being admitted into the trial included an initial telephone screening, consecutive self-reported baseline assessments every 7 days for 4 weeks, and a face-to-face assessment at the clinic. During the face-to-face assessment, a psychologist or psychotherapist administered semi-structured interviews to ass... | PMC10346121 | |
Outcomes | NSSI | The primary outcome was self-reported and clinician-rated NSSI frequency as measured by the youth version of the Deliberate Self Harm Inventory (DSHI-Y). | PMC10346121 | |
Interventions | The therapist-guided IERITA used in this study had been optimized based on feasibility studies,The comparison condition TAU was chosen to control for some nonspecific aspects of treatment (eg, time, monitoring) and ensure patient safety. The TAU was delivered in both conditions within regular CAMHS care by community cl... | PMC10346121 | ||
Statistical Analysis | DERS-16, NSSI, self-destructive behaviors, assessor-rated NSSI | REGRESSION | See eMethods in Treatment effects were evaluated according to the intention-to-treat principle. The primary outcome analysis of self-reported NSSI included treatment condition and weekly self-reports of NSSI frequency (using the DSHI-Y). A zero-inflated negative binomial generalized linear-mixed effects regression mode... | PMC10346121 |
Results | A total of 166 participants (mean [SD] age, 15.0 [1.2] years; 154 [92.8%] female) were recruited and randomly allocated to IERITA plus TAU (84 participants) or TAU only (82 participants) ( | PMC10346121 | ||
Study and Participant Characteristics | Dysmorphic Disorder, borderline personality disorder, nonsuicidal self-injury, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD, BPD, dysmorphic disorder, hyperactive-impulsive, OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Mini-International Neuropsychiatric | ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA | Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; BDD, body dysmorphic disorder; BPD, borderline personality disorder; CBT, cognitive behavioral therapy; IERITA, internet-delivered emotion regulation individual therapy for adolescents; TAU, enhanced treatment as usual; NSSI, nonsuicidal self-injury; OCD, o... | PMC10346121 |
Characteristics of Enhanced Treatment as Usual Within Each Condition and Differences Between Conditions | SE, NSSI | Abbreviations: CBT, cognitive behavioral therapy; IERITA, internet-delivered emotion regulation therapy for adolescents; TAU, enhanced treatment as usual; SSRI, serotonin reuptake inhibitors.Description of the level and content of enhanced treatment as usual that both conditions received during the trial.Classes of psy... | PMC10346121 | |
Results From the Generalized and Linear Mixed Model Analyses and Effect Sizes | SE, assessor-rated NSSI, NSSI | REGRESSION, SECONDARY, ADVERSE EVENTS, POSITIVE | Abbreviations: BSL, Borderline Symptom List; CGAS, Children’s Global Assessment Scale; Of count and continuous outcomes evaluating treatment differences in change from pretreatment to 1-month posttreatment (primary end point) and 3-month posttreatment (secondary end point). Fixed-effects parameter estimates β (SE) repr... | PMC10346121 |
Discussion | anxiety, NSSI, assessor-rated, psychiatric, depression | Findings of this randomized clinical trial support the efficacy of this IERITA delivered adjunctive to TAU (vs TAU only). IERITA resulted in greater improvements in NSSI frequency (both self-reported and assessor-rated) and emotion dysregulation from pretreatment to 1-month posttreatment than TAU only. Results also rev... | PMC10346121 | |
Strengths and Limitations | NSSI | This study had several strengths. These include the use of TAU as the control condition, the use of weekly measures of NSSI, inclusion of both self-reported and clinician-administered assessments, integrity of the masked assessments, and the sexual orientation diversity of the sample.The study also has limitations. IER... | PMC10346121 | |
Conclusions | NSSI | Results of this trial suggest that a 12-week, therapist-guided, IERITA delivered adjunctive to TAU is efficacious in the treatment of NSSI and related factors compared with TAU only. Findings that week-to-week improvements in emotion dysregulation were associated with week-to-week reductions in NSSI frequency during IE... | PMC10346121 | |
Introduction | psychomotor disturbances, OGM, non-dysphoric, pain, mindfulness-based stress reduction, dysphoric, depression, Depression | EVENT | Depression is characterised by somatic symptoms such as poor sleep, low energy, and psychomotor disturbances [A key mechanism that is linked to OGM is rumination [Remoteness of memories (the age of the memory’s event) has been suggested to influence several characteristics of AM and therefore an important question is w... | PMC10306223 |
Outline of proposed mechanisms by which features of AM retrieval come to be compromised. | depression, depressed, OGM | POSITIVE | Rumination about self-relevant, semantically related information, and self-discrepant thinking are proposed to compromise the search for a specific memory and influence the remoteness, valence, and vantage perspective of the memory. Difficulty recalling specific memories, biases for retrieving more remote memories, usi... | PMC10306223 |
Methods | PMC10306223 | |||
Group demographic, diagnostic, and intervention compliance data. | depression, Depression | Diagnoses were assessed via the MINI-Plus [Participants aged 18–45 were recruited via university communications where individuals with a previous experience of depression were invited to participate in a study that involved either a meditation or colouring practice for four weeks. Participants were included in the stud... | PMC10306223 | |
Measures | At baseline, the first six participants completed all questionnaires in writing, while the AMT was administered via Microsoft Excel [ | PMC10306223 | ||
MINI-Plus structured interview | The MINI-Plus [ | PMC10306223 | ||
Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS) | The DASS [ | PMC10306223 | ||
Rumination Response Scale (RRS) | The RRS [ | PMC10306223 | ||
Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) | The SCS [ | PMC10306223 | ||
Self-discrepancy induction | The self-discrepancy induction is a 50-item self-report questionnaire designed to induce a focus on self-discrepancies and elicit state-rumination [ | PMC10306223 | ||
Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) | Three visual analogue scales were used: mood, experienced discrepancy, and focused discrepancy in line with previous research [ | PMC10306223 | ||
Visual analogue mood scale | Participants were asked to rate their current level of sadness (0 – | PMC10306223 | ||
Visual analogue experienced self-discrepancy scale | Participants were asked to rate the extent to which they currently experience a discrepancy between their actual and ideal self (0 – | PMC10306223 | ||
Visual analogue self-discrepancy focus scale | Participants were asked to rate the extent to which their current thoughts were about wondering how large the difference is between their actual and ideal self (0 – | PMC10306223 | ||
Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT): Extended version | EVENT | The AMT [Participants were instructed to retrieve a specific, personal memory in response to the cue word by typing it into the available text box via Qualtrics within 60 seconds. In Excel, the text box was an enlarged cell. A specific memory was defined as a memory of an event which lasted less than a day and occurred... | PMC10306223 | |
Experimental and control treatment interventions | anxiety | Groups were standardized in procedure and adherence was uncontrolled but monitored. Participants of both groups were encouraged to continue with any current medication or other treatment phase as they would have done otherwise. Both groups completed their respective daily practices at home, individually, for four weeks... | PMC10306223 | |
Procedure | The study was administered online via Microsoft Teams and Qualtrics (Provo, UT). Participants attended an initial session during which they provided informed, written consent, demographic information, and were interviewed using the MINI-Plus for screening and diagnostic purposes. The first session lasted an average of ... | PMC10306223 | ||
Statistical analysis | MDD | JASP (0.13.1) was used for statistical analyses and an alpha level of 0.05 was used for all statistical tests. The study’s design was between-subjects (LKM, colouring). The participant characteristics (e.g. age, number of previous MDD episodes, etc.) and baseline scores on the mood measures (e.g. DASS, RRS, etc.) were ... | PMC10306223 | |
Results | PMC10306223 | |||
Participants at baseline | The mean pre- and post-intervention scores for each group can be seen on | PMC10306223 | ||
Means and standard deviations for relevant variables at pre- and post-intervention. | depressed | Specific, positive (Pos-), and field memories include data regarding total mean numbers (across both remoteness conditions) while recent and remote specific include mean numbers from the free-recall condition. Mean proportions (prop) for specific, positive, and field data represent the mean number retrieved out of 20. ... | PMC10306223 | |
Manipulation checks at baseline | No reliable conclusion could be drawn regarding a significant change in sadness following the self-discrepancy induction at baseline, | PMC10306223 | ||
Autobiographical Memory Test | The descriptive statistics for the AMT variables pre- and post-intervention are shown in | PMC10306223 | ||
Correlations between rumination and memory specificity at baseline | After inducing state rumination, a significant, positive correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient) was observed at baseline between trait rumination (RRS) and the number of specific memories, | PMC10306223 | ||
Autobiographical memory remoteness at baseline | To determine whether there was a tendency for more remote memories to be retrieved, we calculated the difference in number of recent-specific memories (up to one year old) versus remote-specific memories (over one year old) retrieved at baseline in the free-recall condition. Retrieval of recent-specific and remote-spec... | PMC10306223 | ||
Autobiographical memory valence at baseline | We calculated the difference in number of positive-specific recent memories (up to one year old) versus positive-specific remote memories (over one year old) retrieved at baseline in the free-recall condition. Contrary to expectations, no significant difference was revealed, | PMC10306223 | ||
Changes in negative affect, rumination, self-compassion, and self-discrepancies, from pre- to post-intervention | depression | Bayesian repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted on negative affect, rumination, self-discrepancies, and self-compassion with time (pre-and post-intervention) as a within-subjects factor, group (LKM, colouring) as a between-subjects factor, and intervention compliance as a covariate. An analysis of residuals confirmed ... | PMC10306223 | |
Changes in memory specificity from pre- to post-intervention | A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted on the total number of specific memories on the AMT (across both remoteness conditions) with time (pre- and post-intervention) as a within-subjects factor, and group (LKM, colouring) as a between-subjects factor. An analysis of residuals confirmed the assumptions of linearity. Re... | PMC10306223 | ||
Changes in positive memory retrieval from pre- to post-intervention | positive-specific memories | A Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA was conducted on the total number of positive-specific memories (across both remoteness conditions) with time (pre-and post-intervention) as a within-subjects factor, and group (LKM, colouring) as a between-subjects factor. An analysis of residuals confirmed the assumptions of lineari... | PMC10306223 | |
Means and standard deviations for memory valence and vantage perspective at pre- and post-intervention. | depression, positive-specific memories | Data include total mean numbers of specific memories (across both remoteness conditions).A Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA was then conducted on the number of positive-specific memories in the free-recall condition using remoteness (recent and remote) and time (pre- and post-intervention) as within-subjects factors, a... | PMC10306223 |
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