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Conclusions | diabetic, type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM | TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS | This study constructed the first 5‐year all‐cause mortality risk prediction model for patients with T2DM in south China, with good predictive performance.
This study constructed the first 5‐year all‐cause mortality risk prediction model for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in south China.This well‐performing mode... | PMC9870741 |
摘要 |
Jiying Qi, Ping He, and Huayan Yao contributed equally to this work.
| PMC9870741 | ||
INTRODUCTION | diabetes, deaths, Diabetic, Diabetes | DIABETES, CHRONIC METABOLIC DISEASE, COMPLICATIONS, DIABETES | Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that severely threatens human health. More than 6.7 million adults were estimated to have died from diabetes or its complications in 2021, accounting for 12.2% of all‐cause deaths worldwide.In the past decade or so, many prediction models have been well developed in Western popul... | PMC9870741 |
METHODS | PMC9870741 | |||
Data source | SECONDARY, DISEASES | This study was conducted using the Shanghai Link Healthcare Database (SLHD), a representative clinical database covering ＞99% of the residents, developed and operated by the Shanghai Hospital Development Center (an administrative department of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government). In China, government‐run hospit... | PMC9870741 | |
Study population | T2DM | First, we identified patients aged 40–99 years who were diagnosed with T2DM between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016 ( | PMC9870741 | |
Candidate predictors | ischemic heart disease, cancer, dementia, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, dyslipidemia | KIDNEY DISEASE, CANCER, EVENT, LIVER DISEASE, CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE, DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS, HEART FAILURE, HYPERTENSION, CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, DYSLIPIDEMIA | Candidate predictors were selected based on data availability and clinical relevance, including age, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetic complications, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, chronic lung disease, moderate or severe kidney disease, mi... | PMC9870741 |
Statistical analysis | EVENT | All the patients were randomly allocated into training and validation sets at a 2:1 ratio. Baseline characteristics between the training and validation sets were compared using the Student's Cox proportional hazards models were used to develop the all‐cause mortality prediction model. To account for the nonlinearity of... | PMC9870741 | |
RESULTS | cancer, heart failure, T2DM | KIDNEY DISEASE, CANCER, LIVER DISEASE, HEART FAILURE, CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE | A total of 399 784 patients with T2DM were enrolled in this study. During a median follow‐up of 6.93 years (IQR 5.64–8.31 years), 68 318 patients died, with an all‐cause mortality of 2.54 per 100 person‐years. The median age was 63 years (IQR 56–72 years), and 51.11% were male. Table Baseline characteristics of the stu... | PMC9870741 |
DISCUSSION | cancer, HDL‐C.Over, diabetic, heart failure, T2DM, diabetes | KIDNEY DISEASE, CANCER, DISEASE, LIVER DISEASE, HEART FAILURE, CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE, DIABETES | This study constructed the first 5‐year all‐cause mortality risk prediction model for patients with T2DM in south China. The model achieved good discrimination and calibration by using highly accessible predictors collected in routine clinical settings, including age, sex, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, modera... | PMC9870741 |
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT | The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. | PMC9870741 | ||
Supporting information |
Click here for additional data file.
Click here for additional data file.
Click here for additional data file. | PMC9870741 | ||
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC1314802). | PMC9870741 | ||
REFERENCES | PMC9870741 | |||
Background | fractures | DETACHMENT | This study aimed to compare functional outcomes of a volar plate osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures (DRF) performed with either a standard volar approach (SVA), which required detachment of the pronator quadratus muscle, or a pronator-sparing approach (PqSA). | PMC10147859 |
Materials and methods | This prospective randomized controlled study included 106 patients scheduled for volar plate osteosyntheses. Patients were allocated to either the SVA group ( | PMC10147859 | ||
Results | fracture, injuries | Overall, 91 patients were included in the final analysis: 48 in the SVA group and 43 in the PqSA group. The two cohorts were not significantly different in demographic characteristics, including age, sex, injuries on the dominant side, type of injury, and fracture classification. We found significant differences betwee... | PMC10147859 | |
Conclusions | This randomized comparative clinical trial failed to demonstrate that a volar plate osteosynthesis performed with a PqSA could improve the outcome, compared to the SVA, in patients with DRF. | PMC10147859 | ||
Keywords | PMC10147859 | |||
Introduction | fracture, DRF fractures, osteoporosis | OSTEOPOROSIS | Distal radius fracture (DRF) is the most common adult fracture. It is predicted that the projected increment in osteoporosis prevalence due to population ageing will increase the incidence of DRFs [The importance of the superficial head of the PQ is controversial. It was shown to be involved in forearm pronation [Recen... | PMC10147859 |
Patients and methods | systemic disease, polytraumas, ulna fracture, trauma, fracture, substance abuse, cognitive deficits, dementia, fractures, psychiatric, intra-articular radiocarpal fracture, carpal injury, injuries, Fractures | SYSTEMIC DISEASE, RECRUITMENT, DISORDERS, COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME, CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME, NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS | This study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. It was approved by the local institutional review board (protocol number 2339/2016). All patients provided written informed consent to participate. The study protocol was registered and uploaded at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03474445).In t... | PMC10147859 |
Statistical analysis | ® | The distributions of continuous variables were assessed with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Mean values of variables with confirmed normal distributions in both treatment groups were compared with the two-sided Data were analysed with SPSS® statistics software (version 25, IBM®, USA). Data were visualized with Prism 9 (G... | PMC10147859 | |
Secondary outcome parameters | non-unions, infections | INFECTIONS, COMPLICATIONS | The SVA group presented significantly lower DASH scores than the PqSA group at 6 months postoperatively (12.25 ± 11.86 vs 19.32 ± 16.73, The groups showed no significant differences in MMWS scores at 3 months, 6 months, or 12 months (Fig. There were no approach-related or hardware-related complications, including tendo... | PMC10147859 |
Discussion | DRFs, pain | SECONDARY | In this randomized clinical trial for patients with DRFs, we compared clinical outcomes of treatment with volar locking plate fixation performed with either an SVA or a PqSA. We found that the SVA group showed significantly favourable PRWE and DASH scores, compared to the PqSA group, at 6 months after surgery. These sc... | PMC10147859 |
Acknowledgements | Not applicable. | PMC10147859 | ||
Author contributions | JE, TH and GT designed the study. GT, TH, JL, LH and TD conducted the clinical examinations and collected the PROMs. Statistical analyses were conducted by TH. GT, LH and TH wrote the manuscript. TH prepared the figures and tables. Proofreading was performed by JE, JL and TH. All authors read and approved the final man... | PMC10147859 | ||
Funding | None of the authors received funding for this study. | PMC10147859 | ||
Availability of data and materials | The dataset analysed in this study is available from the corresponding author on request. | PMC10147859 | ||
Declarations | PMC10147859 | |||
Ethics approval and consent to participate | This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical University of Vienna (protocol number 2339/2016). Informed consent to participate in the study was taken from all patients. | PMC10147859 | ||
Consent for publication | Consent to publish individual data was obtained from the patients. | PMC10147859 | ||
Competing interests | All authors declare that they have no competing interests. | PMC10147859 | ||
References | PMC10147859 | |||
Results | We analyzed the myelin content dedicated imaging of the ReBUILD clinical trial participants (50 patients) and computed MWF (Based on the mixed effects linear modeling of the MWF values in the CC, the two groups values were comparable at baseline (group 1: mean 0.087, 95% CI [0.080, 0.095]; group 2: mean 0.088 [0.081, 0... | PMC10193980 | ||
Discussion | death, myelin injury, axonal damage, NAWM, axonal loss, Neuronal loss | DISEASE, AXONAL SWELLING, PLAQUE | We present the first positive identification of an MRI correlate of therapy-induced remyelination in a clinical trial (ReBUILD) (We were able to successfully measure an improvement of the myelin content metrics in the CC NAWM of subjects enrolled in the ReBUILD trial (Since its earliest description, the primary focus i... | PMC10193980 |
Materials and Methods | DISEASE | We analyzed the MRI data from all fifty relapsing-remitting patients enrolled in the ReBUILD trial [average age of 40.1 y ± 10 SD, 64% female, median (range) EDSS 2 (0 to 5.5), and average disease duration of 5.1 y ± 5 SD]. Demographic and clinical characteristics were previously reported in detail (At Each of the Thre... | PMC10193980 | |
Reliability and Test–Retest Variability Analysis. | In order to assess the reliability and test–retest variability of the MWF data, we additionally acquired MRI data on seven healthy subjects (4F, average age± SD of 25 y ± 2). The dedicated reliability measurement assessed the test–retest variability of the MWF data within the corpus callosum. It was based on the acquis... | PMC10193980 | ||
Statistical Analysis. | NAWM, AMRF | ALZHEIMER | Group 1 received treatment from baseline through 3 mo and group 2 from 3 mo to 5 mo post-baseline. Given the structural change induced by the treatment, a delayed treatment analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effect of treatment on the MRI outcomes. Mixed-effects linear models were used to compare the changes from ... | PMC10193980 |
Author contributions | H.N. | E.C., N.P., C.C., H.N., R.G.H., J.R.C., and A.J.G. designed research; E.C., N.P., C.C., G.K., A.Z., and A.J.G. performed research; E.C., N.P., C.C., G.K., T.J.G., A.Z., A.V.A., W.J.B., H.N., and A.J.G. analyzed data; and E.C., N.P., C.C., W.J.B., R.G.H., J.R.C., and A.J.G. wrote the paper. | PMC10193980 | |
Competing interests | The authors declare no competing interest.This article is a PNAS Direct Submission. | PMC10193980 | ||
Data, Materials, and Software Availability | All data and materials (including data tables, analysis code and scripts) used for this paper have been deposited in the public repository Dryad for any researcher to reproduce or extend the analysis, except for information that may compromise data anonymization or subject privacy ( | PMC10193980 | ||
Background | Chronic disease, Metabolic Syndrome | EVENT, CHRONIC DISEASE, METABOLIC SYNDROME | Edited by: Dmytro Chumachenko, National Aerospace University – Kharkiv Aviation Institute, UkraineReviewed by: Dorit Nitzan, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; Laura Uccella, Lugano Regional Hospital, SwitzerlandThe destructive Wenchuan earthquake has led to approximately 800,000 people being bereaved. In the ... | PMC10740171 |
Objectives | To verify the effect of applying a self-management intervention program for patients with MS among the bereaved population following the Wenchuan earthquake. | PMC10740171 | ||
Design | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was adopted. | PMC10740171 | ||
Participants | A total of 132 bereaved patients with MS following the Wenchuan earthquake constituted the sample. | PMC10740171 | ||
Methods | CHRONIC DISEASE | The study was based on the Cognitive–Phenomenological–Transaction, Chronic Disease Self-Management Program, and Patient Empowerment Conceptual Model, which combined with the latest evidence-based guidelines, were used to systematically evaluate cross-sectional results of this study that were used to construct a stress ... | PMC10740171 | |
Results | The variance analysis showed that the total score of healthy self-management behavior and the score of diet management, exercise management, drug management, and emotional management have intergroup effects, time effects, and group–time interaction effects ( | PMC10740171 | ||
Conclusion | The intervention program of healthy self-management for patients with MS who come from bereaved families following the Wenchuan earthquake can effectively improve patients’ health self-management behaviors. | PMC10740171 | ||
Introduction | obesity, anxiety, decompensation of the body, chronic damage, visceral obesity, metabolic disorders, depression, hypertension | OBESITY, DISEASE, CLINICAL SYNDROMES, INSULIN RESISTANCE, METABOLIC DISORDERS, HYPERTENSION, METABOLIC SYNDROME, CHRONIC DISEASE | Earthquake is a natural disaster with great destructive power (Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of clinical syndromes mainly manifested by metabolic disorders such as central obesity (visceral obesity), insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and hypertension (MS is a process of accumulation of chron... | PMC10740171 |
Methods | PMC10740171 | |||
Design | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was adopted. | PMC10740171 | ||
Research objects | PMC10740171 | |||
Target groups | A cross-sectional study in Yingxiu Town and Beichuan County, the severely stricken area of the Wenchuan earthquake, enrolled confirmed MS patients who were bereaved by the earthquake. | PMC10740171 | ||
Sampling standards | cognitive impairment | HEARING IMPAIRMENT | Inclusion criteria: ① MS patients diagnosed in a cross-sectional study; ② 18 years old and above; ③ permanent population (residential time more than 6 months per year); ④ ability to communicate normally and have basic literacy skills (Exclusion criteria: ① pregnant women; ② hearing impairment; ③ inability to communicat... | PMC10740171 |
Participants | BLIND | In the first stage, 8 rural communities with similar economic conditions were selected as the target communities for sampling to facilitate the sampling. In order to avoid contamination, 6 communities in Yingxiu Town (In the second stage, paper strips with the names of the 6 village committees in Yingxiu Town were plac... | PMC10740171 | |
Intervention content and methods | chronic disease | METABOLIC SYNDROME, BLOOD, CHRONIC DISEASE | Patients in the control group received routine chronic disease management in village clinics/township health centers. After baseline data collection, patients who were interested in participating in the study after the last data collection were informed that they could get a copy of the “Handbook” and corresponding hea... | PMC10740171 |
Intervention effect evaluation indicators and evaluation tools | PMC10740171 | |||
Evaluation time | In this study, the intervention evaluation time was set at baseline (T | PMC10740171 | ||
Evaluation tools and methods | chronic disease, traumatic | CHRONIC DISEASE |
General information survey form.① Demographic data: gender, age, marital status, education level, religious beliefs, family monthly income ② Earthquake traumatic experience: self-buried/injured/disability in the earthquake, family property loss, witnessing the burial/injury/death of others in earthquake, loss of speci... | PMC10740171 |
Pre-test | To determine the performance of the MS patients’ health self-management research tool and the feasibility of the program, the researchers used Stata. The MP14.0 software random number generator randomly selected 30 MS patients and randomly assigned them to the control group ( | PMC10740171 | ||
Data collection | DISEASE |
Data collectors: 2 local medical undergraduates in fourth grade were recruited and unified training was conducted (1 student was responsible for patient physiological index measurement, and the other student was responsible for filling the patient questionnaire). Measurement methods and precautions were explained to e... | PMC10740171 | |
Statistical analysis | Statistical description: Counting data are described by frequency and composition ratio; normal distribution of measurement data is described by mean ± standard deviation, and skew distribution is described by median and interquartile range.Statistical inference: SPSS 22.0 software was used to perform statistical analy... | PMC10740171 | ||
Ethical issues | WEST | This study strictly follows the biomedical ethics code (No: 965). The research plan was sent to the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital of Sichuan University for approval. | PMC10740171 | |
Results | PMC10740171 | |||
Baseline situation of study subjects | PMC10740171 | |||
Information collection | TYPE 2 DIABETES | A total of 330 MS patients who were bereaved in the Wenchuan earthquake were established based on the diagnostic criteria of the “Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2017)” ( | PMC10740171 | |
General information of research objects | death, trauma | After normality testing, the ages of the control group and the intervention group did not follow a normal distribution (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Baseline characteristics of general data of research subjects (Remark:*, Pearson Chi-square test; **, Fisher’s Exact test.The average age of the 132 survey subjects included i... | PMC10740171 | |
Discussion | trauma/stress, ’ self-management behaviors, TG, ’ eating habits | The results of this study showed that the total score of self-management behavior in the control group at TInteractive contour map of health self-management behavior score Interactive contour map of health self-management behavior score.Interactive contour map of Metabolic Index.The results of this study are basically ... | PMC10740171 | |
Struggles and limitations | Studies on the long-term impact of earthquake stress on the health of bereaved families are rarely reported worldwide. Due to some objective conditions in this study, the metabolic outcome indicators of this intervention study did not include HbA1c. The FPG results at the three time points of TThis study selected three... | PMC10740171 | ||
Conclusion | The intervention program of healthy self-management for MS patients from bereaved families in the Wenchuan earthquake can effectively improve patients’ health self-management behaviors and patients’ weight, WC, BMI, and FPG in the short term. However, the effects of improving the patient’s blood lipid and blood pressur... | PMC10740171 | ||
Data availability statement | The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. | PMC10740171 | ||
Ethics statement | WEST | The studies involving humans were approved by Ethics Committee of West China Hospital of Sichuan University for approval(No:965). The studies were conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. Written informed consent for participation in this study was provided by the participants’... | PMC10740171 | |
Author contributions | WS | ML: Conceptualization, Writing – original draft. JX: Software, Writing – review & editing. WS: Supervision, Writing – original draft. JN: Supervision, Writing – original draft. | PMC10740171 | |
Conflict of interest | The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. | PMC10740171 | ||
Publisher’s note | All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or ... | PMC10740171 | ||
References | PMC10740171 | |||
Background | coronary heart disease | CORONARY HEART DISEASE | People with coronary heart disease are at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality even if they attend cardiac rehabilitation. High sedentary behavior levels potentially contribute to this morbidity. Smartphone apps may be feasible to facilitate sedentary behavior reductions and lead to reduced health care use. | PMC10582808 |
Objective | We aimed to test the effect of a sedentary behavior change smartphone app (Vire app and ToDo-CR program) as an adjunct to cardiac rehabilitation on hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) presentations over 12 months. | PMC10582808 | ||
Methods | REGRESSION, SECONDARY | A multicenter, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 participants recruited from 3 cardiac rehabilitation programs. Participants were randomized 1:1 to cardiac rehabilitation plus the fully automated 6-month Vire app and ToDo-CR program (intervention) or usual care (control). The primary outcome was nonele... | PMC10582808 | |
Results | Participants were, on average, aged 62 (SD 10) years, and the majority were male (93/120, 77.5%). The intervention group were more likely to experience all-cause (odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% CI 0.58-4.10; | PMC10582808 | ||
Conclusions | The Vire app and ToDo-CR program was not an outcome-effective or cost-effective solution to reduce all-cause hospital admissions or ED presentations in cardiac rehabilitation compared with usual care. Smartphone apps that target sedentary behavior alone may not be an effective solution for cardiac rehabilitation partic... | PMC10582808 | ||
Trial Registration | Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12619001223123; https://australianclinicaltrials.gov.au/anzctr/trial/ACTRN12619001223123 | PMC10582808 | ||
International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) | RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040479 | PMC10582808 | ||
Introduction | PMC10582808 | |||
Overview | death, CHD | CORONARY HEART DISEASE, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE | Cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease (CHD), is the leading cause of death in Australia and globally [ | PMC10582808 |
Cardiac Rehabilitation and Sedentary Behavior | decreasing sedentary behavior | Cardiac rehabilitation aims to reduce morbidity through positive lifestyle changes, including increasing physical activity and decreasing sedentary behavior [ | PMC10582808 | |
Smartphone Apps to Reduce Hospital Admissions and Sedentary Behavior | Evidence suggests that cardiac rehabilitation participants are interested in support via the internet and mobile phones [ | PMC10582808 | ||
Methods | PMC10582808 | |||
Design | Using an assessor-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial design, participants were recruited from 3 phase-2 hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation programs in Canberra, Australia, between January 2020 and December 2021. The study duration for each participant was 12 months (Flow of participants through the trial. E... | PMC10582808 | ||
Ethical Considerations | BRUCE | All participants provided written informed consent. Ethics approval was obtained from the Australian Capital Territory Health (2019.ETH.00162), Calvary Public Hospital Bruce (20-2019), and the University of Canberra (HREC-2325) Human Research Ethics Committees. Reporting was informed by the CONSORT (Consolidated Standa... | PMC10582808 | |
Intervention | ToDo-CR behavior | The Vire app and ToDo-CR behavior change program was informed by the | PMC10582808 | |
Outcome Measures | PMC10582808 | |||
Nonelective Hospital Admissions and ED Presentations | The primary outcome was the total number of all-cause hospital admissions (nonelective admission to an acute hospital) and ED presentations within the 12 months after commencing cardiac rehabilitation. Data on cardiac-related hospital admissions and time frames to admission were also collected. Participants self-report... | PMC10582808 | ||
Sedentary Behavior and Other Secondary Outcomes | SECONDARY | Sedentary behavior and physical activity were measured using a triaxial commercial accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) worn by participants on the right hip for 7 consecutive days during waking hours. ActiLife software (ActiLife V.6.13.4) was used to download raw data (30 Hz), which were converted to 15-second epochs an... | PMC10582808 | |
Smartphone App Usability and Engagement | For those in the intervention group, the usability and acceptance of the Vire app and ToDo-CR program were assessed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology questionnaire [ | PMC10582808 | ||
Economic Evaluation | The costs of implementing and delivering the intervention were recorded prospectively, including payment for the Vire app and maintenance of the server, the purchase of Fitbit Inspire wearable activity trackers, and phone call and email support related to the app from a cardiac rehabilitation clinician.A hospital patie... | PMC10582808 | ||
Sample Size Calculation | Sample size was based on detecting a significant difference in hospital admissions and ED presentations between usual care and a digital health intervention. A similar study [ | PMC10582808 | ||
Changes in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic | To comply with public health recommendations, there were variations in the methods used in the protocol [ | PMC10582808 | ||
Analysis | diabetes | REGRESSION, SECONDARY, SENSITIVITY, DIABETES | Data were analyzed according to group assignment using intention-to-treat analyses. Missing data were handled by bringing the last value forward (carryover approach). An on-protocol analysis was also performed. All descriptive statistics were reported using means and SDs, medians, and IQRs or proportions, as appropriat... | PMC10582808 |
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | SECONDARY | Effectiveness was measured in terms of the secondary outcomes. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated using the following formula:The mean difference in health care resource use costs included the costs of implementing the intervention plus the indirect costs associated with health care use (... | PMC10582808 |
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