dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
181	VASoL_2007_3_8	Which sense is used to tell if there is sugar in a glass of tea?	Touch	Hearing	Smell	Taste	D
182	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_4	The surface of Earth is covered by a relatively thin layer of water called the	crust	mantle	hydrosphere	atmosphere	C
183	Mercury_7251930	All organisms contain DNA and RNA. What are the subunits of DNA and RNA?	simple sugars	amino acids	carbohydrates	nucleotides	D
184	Mercury_SC_413305	How does ice change the shape of rocks?	It dissolves the rocks by pooling on surfaces.	It breaks the rocks by expanding in openings.	It smooths the rocks by colliding with them.	It moves the rocks by pressing on them.	B
185	Mercury_7234203	Which property of Earth's interior keeps the innermost part in a solid state?	relatively low temperature	extremely high pressure	high rate of heat flow	low rate of radioactive decay	B
186	Mercury_7217753	Diseases that can be transmitted between organisms are	infectious.	inherited.	environmental.	congenital.	A
187	Mercury_SC_401229	The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another is known as	heat.	electricity.	magnetism.	temperature.	A
188	Mercury_405868	Which part of the body carries out the function of copying DNA?	brain	heart	bones	cells	D
189	Mercury_7025428	The atomic mass of an atom is	the same as the atomic number.	the same as the group number.	the sum of protons and neutrons.	the difference between protons and electrons.	C
190	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_26	Different species of carnivorous animals that share the same habitat in an ecosystem may	become decomposers	compete for food	produce their own food	mate with each other	B
191	Mercury_SC_401005	Which scientist is best known for studying plants and animals?	Isaac Newton	Albert Einstein	Charles Darwin	Nicolaus Copernicus	C
192	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_25	Green plants get the energy they need to make food from	air	sunlight	water	soil	B
193	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_4	The movement of soil by wind or water is called	condensation	evaporation	erosion	friction	C
194	Mercury_SC_415072	Arctic areas are covered with snow and ice for much of the year. Which color rabbits would be safest from foxes there?	grey	black	white	brown	C
195	MCAS_1999_8_20	The ratio of an object's mass to its volume is its	area.	perimeter.	density.	weight.	C
196	Mercury_401205	As the hawk population increases in an ecosystem, the deer mouse population will most likely decrease as a result of	decrease in food source.	increase in disease.	increase in predators.	decrease in habitat.	C
197	Mercury_7207008	Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat near Earth's surface. Which of these is a greenhouse gas?	nitrogen	argon	water vapor	oxygen	C
198	ACTAAP_2014_5_2	What happens during photosynthesis?	Insects pollinate plants.	Plants change soil into food energy.	Animals get carbon dioxide from plants.	Plants change light energy into food energy.	D
199	TIMSS_1995_8_J4	Which is an example of a chemical reaction?	The melting of ice	The grinding of salt crystals to powder	The burning of wood	The evaporation of water from a puddle	C
200	Mercury_7221148	A baby kit fox grows to become an adult with a mass of over 3.5 kg. What factor will have the greatest influence on this kit fox's survival?	the size of the fox's ears	the conditions of the fox's habitat	the average number of fox offspring	the social behaviors within the fox population	B
201	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_12	Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of	a chemical reaction	a physical change	photosynthesis	evaporation	A
202	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_24	Which part of a plant produces the seeds?	flower	leaves	stem	roots	A
203	MEA_2010_8_2-v1	Which of the following is found in all living organisms?	cell	organ	organ system	tissue	A
204	LEAP__5_10314	What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?	They consume other organisms.	They break down dead organic matter.	They use the Sun's energy to make food.	They convert inorganic matter into organic matter.	B
205	Mercury_7009800	Copernicus changed the way people viewed the solar system by	claiming Earth is in orbit about the Sun.	inventing, then improving, the telescope.	writing the theory of the infinite universe.	showing planetary orbits are elliptical.	A
206	Mercury_7072695	Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans sense without using equipment or technology?	radio waves	visible light	microwaves	X-rays	B
207	Mercury_7166163	The nervous system is composed of cells, tissues, and organs. Which is a cell of the nervous system?	brain	spinal cord	ganglion	neuron	D
208	Mercury_SC_401223	A shallow container of salt water is placed in sunlight for a day. Which is the most likely result?	All of the mixture will evaporate.	The salt will keep the water from evaporating.	The salt will separate from the water and float at the top of the container.	Only the water will evaporate and the salt will remain in the container.	D
209	Mercury_7221270	Which of these will best separate a saltwater solution?	using a paper filtering system	using chromatography	allowing the salt to settle	allowing the water to evaporate	D
210	LEAP_2002_4_10246	Mrs. Henderson's class has five small, covered boxes. One contains perfume; another contains dried onions. There is also a box of pine needles, a box of lemon pieces, and a box with a paper towel wet with vanilla flavoring. Which should they do to get the best information about what is in each box?	Shake the boxes.	Smell the boxes.	Listen to the boxes.	Weigh the boxes.	B
211	Mercury_SC_401182	Which features are physical properties of an iron nail?	conducts heat, magnetic, solid	conducts electricity, magnetic, rusts	conducts sound, insulates, non-magnetic	dissolves, conducts heat, non-magnetic	A
212	Mercury_SC_402078	Which item would a magnet attract?	iron nail	wool cloth	wooden stick	glass marble	A
213	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_27	Which human activity is most harmful to the natural environment?	swimming in a lake	riding a bicycle	cutting down a rain forest	using solar energy	C
214	Mercury_7004813	The process of digestion breaks down proteins into smaller molecules that are used to rebuild other proteins. During digestion, proteins undergo	cell division.	nuclear reactions.	natural selection.	chemical changes.	D
215	Mercury_7058065	Blood is composed of different cell types that transport nutrients and wastes throughout the body. Because of this, blood is classified as	a tissue.	an organ.	a system.	an organism.	A
216	Mercury_SC_400587	What should a student do when a glass beaker shatters during a laboratory experiment?	Notify the teacher.	Sweep the pieces into a pile.	Pick up the pieces and throw them away.	Leave it until the experiment is complete.	A
217	Mercury_7008190	An astronomical unit (AU) refers to the distance between	Earth and the Sun.	the Moon and the Sun.	Earth and the Moon.	the Sun and the nearest star.	A
218	MCAS_2005_9_9-v1	An organ pipe produces a musical note same number of nitrogen gas molecules. with a wavelength of 2.72 m. What is the frequency of this note if the speed of sound is 348 m/s?	85.7 Hz	128 Hz	260 Hz	466 Hz	B
219	Mercury_179813	Which of the following allows the planets to stay in orbit?	the Moon's gravity	the Sun's gravity	magnetism	rotation	B
220	Mercury_7012810	Which of these involves the formation of a new chemical substance?	evaporation of gasoline	mixing salt and pepper	dissolving sugar in tea	rusting of an iron chain	D
221	Mercury_SC_400534	Water causes weathering when it	melts rock.	forms deltas.	erodes rock in its path.	moves rock along a fault.	C
222	Mercury_404988	Which of these statements about nonrenewable resources is true?	They are inexpensive.	They help keep the air clean.	They can take millions of years to form.	They are used because they are easily removed from the ground.	C
223	AKDE&ED_2012_4_23	Which statement best identifies a living thing that depends on another living thing to survive?	A wolf drinks water.	A moose eats a plant.	A spruce tree grows in soil.	A salmonberry plant absorbs sunlight.	B
224	Mercury_7120960	A student is playing with a small toy boat on a pond. The student throws a rock in the pond. This creates waves that move the boat toward the shore. The boat moves toward the shore because the waves transfer	energy.	heat.	motion.	water.	A
225	Mercury_7092120	A geologist finds a layer of shale near the surface from a certain time period. Nearby, the geologist finds the same layer of shale, but it is deeper underground than the first layer. What might have caused the difference in the depth of the shale layer?	a meteorite	a fault	ancient fossils	animal life	B
226	Mercury_SC_409391	The pull of gravity on Earth is caused by	air pressure.	the mass of Earth.	volcanoes erupting.	Earth's orbit around the Sun.	B
227	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_6	In which type of rock are fossils generally found?	igneous	metamorphic	sedimentary	volcanic	C
228	Mercury_7097545	Structural geologists study rock formations to determine the type of environment in which the rocks formed and the events that shaped the rocks. Paleontologists study fossils found in rock formations. Scientists in both these fields have a common interest in discovering the	history and processes of Earth.	elements that make up the crust.	types of minerals that make up sediments.	relationships between Earth and other planets.	A
229	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_30	A simple machine that helps move a flag up a flagpole is	a bar magnet	an inclined plane	a pulley	a lever	C
230	Mercury_7075163	Which cellular structure allows nutrients to pass into cells?	mitochondrion	nucleus	membrane	chloroplast	C
231	Mercury_SC_402640	An example of a renewable resource is	oil.	coal.	wood.	natural gas.	C
232	Mercury_SC_400520	Minerals are formed by which process?	magma cooling	fault lines moving	metamorphosis	sedimentation	A
233	LEAP_2001_8_10380	Which of these best defines the term "pollutant"?	anything humans add to the atmosphere and oceans	any substance that is harmful to the environment	any substance that is a waste product of industry	a substance that does not break down over time	B
234	MCAS_2000_8_25	The periodic table of the elements is systematically organized according to the	rate at which the elements chemically react.	hardness of the elements.	structure of the atoms of the elements.	radioactivity of the atoms of the elements.	C
235	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_24	Which human body system produces the hormones that regulate growth?	skeletal	digestive	circulatory	endocrine	D
236	Mercury_7239505	Repeated exposure to extremely loud sounds can reduce hearing ability by direct damage to which structures?	the sensory neurons in the ears	interneurons between the ears and the brain	the sound-processing center in the brain	motor neurons applying commands from the brain to the ears	A
237	Mercury_SC_400360	What does a mirror do to light that causes objects to appear backwards?	refracts	reflects	absorbs	blocks	B
238	Mercury_7000280	The formation of the mineral halite is most likely to occur by which process?	the evaporation of seawater	the hardening of lava in seawater	the cementing together of sediment particles	the slow crystallization of magma deep in the crust	A
239	Mercury_SC_401174	A student wants to design an experiment regarding the behavior of crickets. Which is the best question to ask to begin the experiment?	Do crickets have 6 legs or 8 legs?	How long are the antennae of a cricket?	Do crickets chirp more during the day or at night?	What is the most common cricket species?	C
240	Mercury_7057803	Decomposers are organisms that eat and break down dead plant and animal material. Which organism is a decomposer?	algae	moss	bacteria	fish	C
241	MCAS_2013_5_29413	An area received six inches of snow during the winter. Before the snow can continue through the water cycle as ground water or runoff, it must first ___.	condense	evaporate	freeze	melt	D
242	Mercury_SC_408048	New vaccines for diseases are being developed all the time. How do vaccines most likely help people?	Vaccines help prevent illnesses.	Vaccines keep the environment cleaner.	Vaccines help cure people who are sick.	Vaccines kill bacteria that cause infections.	A
243	Mercury_7074918	The cell cycle describes the processes that take place as a cell	absorbs nutrients.	makes proteins.	repairs old cells.	forms new cells.	D
244	Mercury_SC_407699	A company that makes fences started using a new material instead of wood. The new material will last longer than wood. What is the most likely benefit of the new material?	The new material will keep people safe.	The new material will keep pets contained.	The new material can make a yard attractive.	The new material can save money on replacements.	D
245	Mercury_7031605	Which best explains how the Appalachian Mountains formed?	an ancient river flooded	an earthquake folded land	tectonic plates pulled apart	tectonic plates collided	D
246	Mercury_7081463	Which is a source of sound?	thermal energy	potential energy	a vibration	a medium	C
247	Mercury_SC_413130	Which natural material is best for making a table?	cotton that is lightweight	leather that can twist	paper that can tear	wood that is sturdy	D
248	Mercury_SC_405651	A class is studying textures and collects several samples. Which of these items would the students most likely use magnification to study?	hair	cheese	plastic spoon	aluminum foil	A
249	Mercury_7175613	Over several years, a scientist successfully isolates a species of flower for white color. This year, when the new generation of flowers blooms, one yellow flower is found in the population. Which is the best reason for the appearance of a new flower color within the species?	adaptation	replication	genetic mutation	homologous recombination	C
250	Mercury_180408	What type of precipitation occurs when raindrops freeze as they fall?	hail	frost	sleet	snow	C
251	Mercury_7008663	In the atomic model that includes a nucleus, the positive charge is	spread evenly throughout the model.	located at multiple sites in the model.	concentrated in the center of the model.	positioned outside the center of the model.	C
252	Mercury_7213465	A student used two long wires to connect a lightbulb to a battery. The student noticed that as soon as the circuit was complete, a nearby compass started to point in a direction other than north. The compass pointed in a different direction because it was reacting to the	heat produced by the lightbulb.	light produced by the lightbulb.	electric field produced by the battery.	magnetic field produced by the electric current.	D
253	Mercury_7056385	The production of sweat is typically a response to an increase in the body's	blood circulation.	temperature.	respiration.	heart rate.	B
254	CSZ10278	Which of the following converts electrical energy into motion?	light switch	electric stove	light bulb	electric fan	D
255	Mercury_SC_400838	What happens at the boiling point of a substance?	liquid becomes a gas	solid becomes a gas	liquid becomes a solid	solid becomes a liquid	A
256	Mercury_183015	How do producers get energy?	eating plants and seeds	eating other animals	breaking down organisms through decay	using the sun to make food	D
257	Mercury_7082548	In an investigation, a student wants to see how a ball is affected by rolling it over a surface covered with sandpaper. In preparation for the trial, the student makes a list of the possible conditions that could affect the investigation. The student is most likely listing the	constants.	variables.	controls.	trials.	B
258	Mercury_182350	If two organisms are classified in different orders but are in the same class, which of these statements is true?	The organisms have the same genus.	The organisms are in the same phylum.	The organisms are in different kingdoms.	The organisms are members of the same species.	B
259	NAEP_2009_8_S10+3	Why do mountain climbers at high elevations use oxygen tanks to help them breathe?	At high elevations the ozone layer draws oxygen out of the atmosphere.	The atmosphere is less dense at higher elevations so there is less oxygen available.	Oxygen is heavier than the other gases in the atmosphere and sinks to lower elevations.	Radiation from the Sun splits oxygen molecules into atoms making the oxygen unbreathable.	B
260	AIMS_2008_8_20	The students were told that the net applied force from the engine was the same for each vehicle tested. Based on this information, which vehicle had the greatest acceleration (a = F/m)?	vehicle 1	vehicle 2	vehicle 3	vehicle 4	A
261	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_18	Which metric unit is used to describe an object's length?	gram (g)	milliliter (mL)	centimeter (cm)	degree Celsius (°C)	C
262	Mercury_SC_402043	Which is a process that occurs during photosynthesis?	Plants take in oxygen and release sugar.	Plants take in sugar and release minerals.	Plants take in minerals and release carbon dioxide.	Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.	D
263	Mercury_175070	The work of which scientist serves as the basis for many procedures used in agriculture, such as selective breeding of plants?	Darwin	Mendel	Einstein	Pasteur	B
264	MDSA_2007_5_58	A student is investigating which type of soil is best for growing tomato plants from seeds. The student plants four tomato seeds in each of three different containers of soil. Which step of the procedure would help the student get the most reliable results?	Place one container in a dark room.	Use different types of tomato seeds.	Change only the soil type in each container.	Water each container with a different amount of water.	C
265	Mercury_7207533	In many caves, rock formations include stalactites and stalagmites. Where does the rock in these formations come from?	magma	rainwater	dissolved minerals	decaying organic matter	C
266	AKDE&ED_2008_4_6	A person named Leonardo da Vinci studied many things including animals, geology, clouds, and flight. His study of birds helped him design the first parachute. Everything he saw made him ask how and why. Which human quality most likely made this person want to study many different things?	duty	wisdom	kindness	curiosity	D
267	TIMSS_2007_4_pg56	What is the main reason we can see the Moon?	The Moon reflects light from the Earth.	The Moon reflects the light from the Sun.	The Moon produces its own light.	The Moon is larger than stars.	B
268	Mercury_7215425	Which of these events have the most influence on regional climate?	frequent tornadoes	ocean trade winds	winter snowstorms	temperature inversions	B
269	Mercury_7075075	If a scientist wants the medical community to revise old information and use new research findings in the treatment of a disease, it would be best to present the information	at a school science fair.	in a newspaper article.	at a physicians' conference.	in a television commercial.	C
270	MCAS_2005_5_6	David planted ten corn seeds in sandy soil and ten corn seeds in clay soil. He kept both groups of plants at room temperature, gave them the same amount of water, and placed them all in the same sunny room. Which of the following questions is David most able to answer with his experiment?	How much soil and water do corn seeds need to grow?	Do corn plants grow better in sandy soil or in clay soil?	Do corn plants grown in sandy soil need more water than corn plants grown in clay soil?	What are the effects of soil, temperature, water, and sunshine on the growth of corn plants?	B
271	Mercury_7214270	Which geologic feature most likely forms when an oceanic tectonic plate is slowly subducted beneath a continental tectonic plate?	ocean trench	mid-ocean ridge	continental hot spot	continental rift valley	A
272	Mercury_7158708	A glacier retreats leaving bare rocks. Lichens begin to live on the rocks. The lichens produce an acid that starts to break down the rocks. How will this process affect the environment?	It will put acid into the lakes and ponds.	It will begin the process of building soil.	It will prevent the carbon cycle from occurring.	It will prevent bacteria from invading the ecosystem.	B
273	Mercury_7137935	During protein synthesis, mRNA is translated into three-base sequences representing amino acids. What signals the ribosome to begin translating the mRNA into a new amino acid sequence?	a codon	enzymes	a mutation	temperature	A
274	Mercury_7222653	Phobos is one of two large objects that orbit the planet Mars. Because Phobos orbits Mars, Phobos should be classified as which type of body?	asteroid	moon	comet	meteor	B
275	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_36	Water at 20°C in an uncovered pan is evaporating very slowly. What could be done to the water to make it evaporate more quickly?	Cover it.	Heat it.	Place it in the dark.	Put salt in it.	B
276	Mercury_SC_415013	Which rapid changes are caused by heat from inside Earth?	landslides	volcanoes	avalanches	floods	B
277	Mercury_7283868	Which tool is most responsible for preventing future pandemics of smallpox?	worldwide vaccination for smallpox	global education about smallpox	better worldwide urban sanitation	improved global quarantine facilities	A
278	Mercury_7064068	After which event will ecological succession most likely happen?	a forest fire	a thunderstorm	a high tide	a lunar eclipse	A
279	ACTAAP_2008_5_1	Sir Isaac Newton determined that white light is made up of all the colors of the rainbow. What did he use to discover this phenomenon?	a prism	a telescope	a microscope	a magnifying glass	A
280	Mercury_SC_LBS10075	Which characteristic is most common among animals living in a cold climate?	layers of fat	thick bones	slow digestion	large lungs	A

181

VASoL_2007_3_8

Which sense is used to tell if there is sugar in a glass of tea?

Touch

Hearing

Smell

Taste

D

182

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_4

The surface of Earth is covered by a relatively thin layer of water called the

crust

mantle

hydrosphere

atmosphere

C

183

Mercury_7251930

All organisms contain DNA and RNA. What are the subunits of DNA and RNA?

simple sugars

amino acids

carbohydrates

nucleotides

D

184

Mercury_SC_413305

How does ice change the shape of rocks?

It dissolves the rocks by pooling on surfaces.

It breaks the rocks by expanding in openings.

It smooths the rocks by colliding with them.

It moves the rocks by pressing on them.

B

185

Mercury_7234203

Which property of Earth's interior keeps the innermost part in a solid state?

relatively low temperature

extremely high pressure

high rate of heat flow

low rate of radioactive decay

B

186

Mercury_7217753

Diseases that can be transmitted between organisms are

infectious.

inherited.

environmental.

congenital.

A

187

Mercury_SC_401229

The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another is known as

heat.

electricity.

magnetism.

temperature.

A

188

Mercury_405868

Which part of the body carries out the function of copying DNA?

brain

heart

bones

cells

D

189

Mercury_7025428

The atomic mass of an atom is

the same as the atomic number.

the same as the group number.

the sum of protons and neutrons.

the difference between protons and electrons.

C

190

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_26

Different species of carnivorous animals that share the same habitat in an ecosystem may

become decomposers

compete for food

produce their own food

mate with each other

B

191

Mercury_SC_401005

Which scientist is best known for studying plants and animals?

Isaac Newton

Albert Einstein

Charles Darwin

Nicolaus Copernicus

C

192

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_25

Green plants get the energy they need to make food from

air

sunlight

water

soil

B

193

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_4

The movement of soil by wind or water is called

condensation

evaporation

erosion

friction

C

194

Mercury_SC_415072

Arctic areas are covered with snow and ice for much of the year. Which color rabbits would be safest from foxes there?

grey

black

white

brown

C

195

MCAS_1999_8_20

The ratio of an object's mass to its volume is its

area.

perimeter.

density.

weight.

C

196

Mercury_401205

As the hawk population increases in an ecosystem, the deer mouse population will most likely decrease as a result of

decrease in food source.

increase in disease.

increase in predators.

decrease in habitat.

C

197

Mercury_7207008

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat near Earth's surface. Which of these is a greenhouse gas?

nitrogen

argon

water vapor

oxygen

C

198

ACTAAP_2014_5_2

What happens during photosynthesis?

Insects pollinate plants.

Plants change soil into food energy.

Animals get carbon dioxide from plants.

Plants change light energy into food energy.

D

199

TIMSS_1995_8_J4

Which is an example of a chemical reaction?

The melting of ice

The grinding of salt crystals to powder

The burning of wood

The evaporation of water from a puddle

C

200

Mercury_7221148

A baby kit fox grows to become an adult with a mass of over 3.5 kg. What factor will have the greatest influence on this kit fox's survival?

the size of the fox's ears

the conditions of the fox's habitat

the average number of fox offspring

the social behaviors within the fox population

B

201

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_12

Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of

a chemical reaction

a physical change

photosynthesis

evaporation

A

202

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_24

Which part of a plant produces the seeds?

flower

leaves

stem

roots

A

203

MEA_2010_8_2-v1

Which of the following is found in all living organisms?

cell

organ

organ system

tissue

A

204

LEAP__5_10314

What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?

They consume other organisms.

They break down dead organic matter.

They use the Sun's energy to make food.

They convert inorganic matter into organic matter.

B

205

Mercury_7009800

Copernicus changed the way people viewed the solar system by

claiming Earth is in orbit about the Sun.

inventing, then improving, the telescope.

writing the theory of the infinite universe.

showing planetary orbits are elliptical.

A

206

Mercury_7072695

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans sense without using equipment or technology?

radio waves

visible light

microwaves

X-rays

B

207

Mercury_7166163

The nervous system is composed of cells, tissues, and organs. Which is a cell of the nervous system?

brain

spinal cord

ganglion

neuron

D

208

Mercury_SC_401223

A shallow container of salt water is placed in sunlight for a day. Which is the most likely result?

All of the mixture will evaporate.

The salt will keep the water from evaporating.

The salt will separate from the water and float at the top of the container.

Only the water will evaporate and the salt will remain in the container.

D

209

Mercury_7221270

Which of these will best separate a saltwater solution?

using a paper filtering system

using chromatography

allowing the salt to settle

allowing the water to evaporate

D

210

LEAP_2002_4_10246

Mrs. Henderson's class has five small, covered boxes. One contains perfume; another contains dried onions. There is also a box of pine needles, a box of lemon pieces, and a box with a paper towel wet with vanilla flavoring. Which should they do to get the best information about what is in each box?

Shake the boxes.

Smell the boxes.

Listen to the boxes.

Weigh the boxes.

B

211

Mercury_SC_401182

Which features are physical properties of an iron nail?

conducts heat, magnetic, solid

conducts electricity, magnetic, rusts

conducts sound, insulates, non-magnetic

dissolves, conducts heat, non-magnetic

A

212

Mercury_SC_402078

Which item would a magnet attract?

iron nail

wool cloth

wooden stick

glass marble

A

213

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_27

Which human activity is most harmful to the natural environment?

swimming in a lake

riding a bicycle

cutting down a rain forest

using solar energy

C

214

Mercury_7004813

The process of digestion breaks down proteins into smaller molecules that are used to rebuild other proteins. During digestion, proteins undergo

cell division.

nuclear reactions.

natural selection.

chemical changes.

D

215

Mercury_7058065

Blood is composed of different cell types that transport nutrients and wastes throughout the body. Because of this, blood is classified as

a tissue.

an organ.

a system.

an organism.

A

216

Mercury_SC_400587

What should a student do when a glass beaker shatters during a laboratory experiment?

Notify the teacher.

Sweep the pieces into a pile.

Pick up the pieces and throw them away.

Leave it until the experiment is complete.

A

217

Mercury_7008190

An astronomical unit (AU) refers to the distance between

Earth and the Sun.

the Moon and the Sun.

Earth and the Moon.

the Sun and the nearest star.

A

218

MCAS_2005_9_9-v1

An organ pipe produces a musical note same number of nitrogen gas molecules. with a wavelength of 2.72 m. What is the frequency of this note if the speed of sound is 348 m/s?

85.7 Hz

128 Hz

260 Hz

466 Hz

B

219

Mercury_179813

Which of the following allows the planets to stay in orbit?

the Moon's gravity

the Sun's gravity

magnetism

rotation

B

220

Mercury_7012810

Which of these involves the formation of a new chemical substance?

evaporation of gasoline

mixing salt and pepper

dissolving sugar in tea

rusting of an iron chain

D

221

Mercury_SC_400534

Water causes weathering when it

melts rock.

forms deltas.

erodes rock in its path.

moves rock along a fault.

C

222

Mercury_404988

Which of these statements about nonrenewable resources is true?

They are inexpensive.

They help keep the air clean.

They can take millions of years to form.

They are used because they are easily removed from the ground.

C

223

AKDE&ED_2012_4_23

Which statement best identifies a living thing that depends on another living thing to survive?

A wolf drinks water.

A moose eats a plant.

A spruce tree grows in soil.

A salmonberry plant absorbs sunlight.

B

224

Mercury_7120960

A student is playing with a small toy boat on a pond. The student throws a rock in the pond. This creates waves that move the boat toward the shore. The boat moves toward the shore because the waves transfer

energy.

heat.

motion.

water.

A

225

Mercury_7092120

A geologist finds a layer of shale near the surface from a certain time period. Nearby, the geologist finds the same layer of shale, but it is deeper underground than the first layer. What might have caused the difference in the depth of the shale layer?

a meteorite

a fault

ancient fossils

animal life

B

226

Mercury_SC_409391

The pull of gravity on Earth is caused by

air pressure.

the mass of Earth.

volcanoes erupting.

Earth's orbit around the Sun.

B

227

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_6

In which type of rock are fossils generally found?

igneous

metamorphic

sedimentary

volcanic

C

228

Mercury_7097545

Structural geologists study rock formations to determine the type of environment in which the rocks formed and the events that shaped the rocks. Paleontologists study fossils found in rock formations. Scientists in both these fields have a common interest in discovering the

history and processes of Earth.

elements that make up the crust.

types of minerals that make up sediments.

relationships between Earth and other planets.

A

229

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_30

A simple machine that helps move a flag up a flagpole is

a bar magnet

an inclined plane

a pulley

a lever

C

230

Mercury_7075163

Which cellular structure allows nutrients to pass into cells?

mitochondrion

nucleus

membrane

chloroplast

C

231

Mercury_SC_402640

An example of a renewable resource is

oil.

coal.

wood.

natural gas.

C

232

Mercury_SC_400520

Minerals are formed by which process?

magma cooling

fault lines moving

metamorphosis

sedimentation

A

233

LEAP_2001_8_10380

Which of these best defines the term "pollutant"?

anything humans add to the atmosphere and oceans

any substance that is harmful to the environment

any substance that is a waste product of industry

a substance that does not break down over time

B

234

MCAS_2000_8_25

The periodic table of the elements is systematically organized according to the

rate at which the elements chemically react.

hardness of the elements.

structure of the atoms of the elements.

radioactivity of the atoms of the elements.

C

235

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_24

Which human body system produces the hormones that regulate growth?

skeletal

digestive

circulatory

endocrine

D

236

Mercury_7239505

Repeated exposure to extremely loud sounds can reduce hearing ability by direct damage to which structures?

the sensory neurons in the ears

interneurons between the ears and the brain

the sound-processing center in the brain

motor neurons applying commands from the brain to the ears

A

237

Mercury_SC_400360

What does a mirror do to light that causes objects to appear backwards?

refracts

reflects

absorbs

blocks

B

238

Mercury_7000280

The formation of the mineral halite is most likely to occur by which process?

the evaporation of seawater

the hardening of lava in seawater

the cementing together of sediment particles

the slow crystallization of magma deep in the crust

A

239

Mercury_SC_401174

A student wants to design an experiment regarding the behavior of crickets. Which is the best question to ask to begin the experiment?

Do crickets have 6 legs or 8 legs?

How long are the antennae of a cricket?

Do crickets chirp more during the day or at night?

What is the most common cricket species?

C

240

Mercury_7057803

Decomposers are organisms that eat and break down dead plant and animal material. Which organism is a decomposer?

algae

moss

bacteria

fish

C

241

MCAS_2013_5_29413

An area received six inches of snow during the winter. Before the snow can continue through the water cycle as ground water or runoff, it must first ___.

condense

evaporate

freeze

melt

D

242

Mercury_SC_408048

New vaccines for diseases are being developed all the time. How do vaccines most likely help people?

Vaccines help prevent illnesses.

Vaccines keep the environment cleaner.

Vaccines help cure people who are sick.

Vaccines kill bacteria that cause infections.

A

243

Mercury_7074918

The cell cycle describes the processes that take place as a cell

absorbs nutrients.

makes proteins.

repairs old cells.

forms new cells.

D

244

Mercury_SC_407699

A company that makes fences started using a new material instead of wood. The new material will last longer than wood. What is the most likely benefit of the new material?

The new material will keep people safe.

The new material will keep pets contained.

The new material can make a yard attractive.

The new material can save money on replacements.

D

245

Mercury_7031605

Which best explains how the Appalachian Mountains formed?

an ancient river flooded

an earthquake folded land

tectonic plates pulled apart

tectonic plates collided

D

246

Mercury_7081463

Which is a source of sound?

thermal energy

potential energy

a vibration

a medium

C

247

Mercury_SC_413130

Which natural material is best for making a table?

cotton that is lightweight

leather that can twist

paper that can tear

wood that is sturdy

D

248

Mercury_SC_405651

A class is studying textures and collects several samples. Which of these items would the students most likely use magnification to study?

hair

cheese

plastic spoon

aluminum foil

A

249

Mercury_7175613

Over several years, a scientist successfully isolates a species of flower for white color. This year, when the new generation of flowers blooms, one yellow flower is found in the population. Which is the best reason for the appearance of a new flower color within the species?

adaptation

replication

genetic mutation

homologous recombination

C

250

Mercury_180408

What type of precipitation occurs when raindrops freeze as they fall?

hail

frost

sleet

snow

C

251

Mercury_7008663

In the atomic model that includes a nucleus, the positive charge is

spread evenly throughout the model.

located at multiple sites in the model.

concentrated in the center of the model.

positioned outside the center of the model.

C

252

Mercury_7213465

A student used two long wires to connect a lightbulb to a battery. The student noticed that as soon as the circuit was complete, a nearby compass started to point in a direction other than north. The compass pointed in a different direction because it was reacting to the

heat produced by the lightbulb.

light produced by the lightbulb.

electric field produced by the battery.

magnetic field produced by the electric current.

D

253

Mercury_7056385

The production of sweat is typically a response to an increase in the body's

blood circulation.

temperature.

respiration.

heart rate.

B

254

CSZ10278

Which of the following converts electrical energy into motion?

light switch

electric stove

light bulb

electric fan

D

255

Mercury_SC_400838

What happens at the boiling point of a substance?

liquid becomes a gas

solid becomes a gas

liquid becomes a solid

solid becomes a liquid

A

256

Mercury_183015

How do producers get energy?

eating plants and seeds

eating other animals

breaking down organisms through decay

using the sun to make food

D

257

Mercury_7082548

In an investigation, a student wants to see how a ball is affected by rolling it over a surface covered with sandpaper. In preparation for the trial, the student makes a list of the possible conditions that could affect the investigation. The student is most likely listing the

constants.

variables.

controls.

trials.

B

258

Mercury_182350

If two organisms are classified in different orders but are in the same class, which of these statements is true?

The organisms have the same genus.

The organisms are in the same phylum.

The organisms are in different kingdoms.

The organisms are members of the same species.

B

259

NAEP_2009_8_S10+3

Why do mountain climbers at high elevations use oxygen tanks to help them breathe?

At high elevations the ozone layer draws oxygen out of the atmosphere.

The atmosphere is less dense at higher elevations so there is less oxygen available.

Oxygen is heavier than the other gases in the atmosphere and sinks to lower elevations.

Radiation from the Sun splits oxygen molecules into atoms making the oxygen unbreathable.

B

260

AIMS_2008_8_20

The students were told that the net applied force from the engine was the same for each vehicle tested. Based on this information, which vehicle had the greatest acceleration (a = F/m)?

vehicle 1

vehicle 2

vehicle 3

vehicle 4

A

261

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_18

Which metric unit is used to describe an object's length?

gram (g)

milliliter (mL)

centimeter (cm)

degree Celsius (°C)

C

262

Mercury_SC_402043

Which is a process that occurs during photosynthesis?

Plants take in oxygen and release sugar.

Plants take in sugar and release minerals.

Plants take in minerals and release carbon dioxide.

Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

D

263

Mercury_175070

The work of which scientist serves as the basis for many procedures used in agriculture, such as selective breeding of plants?

Darwin

Mendel

Einstein

Pasteur

B

264

MDSA_2007_5_58

A student is investigating which type of soil is best for growing tomato plants from seeds. The student plants four tomato seeds in each of three different containers of soil. Which step of the procedure would help the student get the most reliable results?

Place one container in a dark room.

Use different types of tomato seeds.

Change only the soil type in each container.

Water each container with a different amount of water.

C

265

Mercury_7207533

In many caves, rock formations include stalactites and stalagmites. Where does the rock in these formations come from?

magma

rainwater

dissolved minerals

decaying organic matter

C

266

AKDE&ED_2008_4_6

A person named Leonardo da Vinci studied many things including animals, geology, clouds, and flight. His study of birds helped him design the first parachute. Everything he saw made him ask how and why. Which human quality most likely made this person want to study many different things?

duty

wisdom

kindness

curiosity

D

267

TIMSS_2007_4_pg56

What is the main reason we can see the Moon?

The Moon reflects light from the Earth.

The Moon reflects the light from the Sun.

The Moon produces its own light.

The Moon is larger than stars.

B

268

Mercury_7215425

Which of these events have the most influence on regional climate?

frequent tornadoes

ocean trade winds

winter snowstorms

temperature inversions

B

269

Mercury_7075075

If a scientist wants the medical community to revise old information and use new research findings in the treatment of a disease, it would be best to present the information

at a school science fair.

in a newspaper article.

at a physicians' conference.

in a television commercial.

C

270

MCAS_2005_5_6

David planted ten corn seeds in sandy soil and ten corn seeds in clay soil. He kept both groups of plants at room temperature, gave them the same amount of water, and placed them all in the same sunny room. Which of the following questions is David most able to answer with his experiment?

How much soil and water do corn seeds need to grow?

Do corn plants grow better in sandy soil or in clay soil?

Do corn plants grown in sandy soil need more water than corn plants grown in clay soil?

What are the effects of soil, temperature, water, and sunshine on the growth of corn plants?

B

271

Mercury_7214270

Which geologic feature most likely forms when an oceanic tectonic plate is slowly subducted beneath a continental tectonic plate?

ocean trench

mid-ocean ridge

continental hot spot

continental rift valley

A

272

Mercury_7158708

A glacier retreats leaving bare rocks. Lichens begin to live on the rocks. The lichens produce an acid that starts to break down the rocks. How will this process affect the environment?

It will put acid into the lakes and ponds.

It will begin the process of building soil.

It will prevent the carbon cycle from occurring.

It will prevent bacteria from invading the ecosystem.

B

273

Mercury_7137935

During protein synthesis, mRNA is translated into three-base sequences representing amino acids. What signals the ribosome to begin translating the mRNA into a new amino acid sequence?

a codon

enzymes

a mutation

temperature

A

274

Mercury_7222653

Phobos is one of two large objects that orbit the planet Mars. Because Phobos orbits Mars, Phobos should be classified as which type of body?

asteroid

moon

comet

meteor

B

275

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_36

Water at 20°C in an uncovered pan is evaporating very slowly. What could be done to the water to make it evaporate more quickly?

Cover it.

Heat it.

Place it in the dark.

Put salt in it.

B

276

Mercury_SC_415013

Which rapid changes are caused by heat from inside Earth?

landslides

volcanoes

avalanches

floods

B

277

Mercury_7283868

Which tool is most responsible for preventing future pandemics of smallpox?

worldwide vaccination for smallpox

global education about smallpox

better worldwide urban sanitation

improved global quarantine facilities

A

278

Mercury_7064068

After which event will ecological succession most likely happen?

a forest fire

a thunderstorm

a high tide

a lunar eclipse

A

279

ACTAAP_2008_5_1

Sir Isaac Newton determined that white light is made up of all the colors of the rainbow. What did he use to discover this phenomenon?

a prism

a telescope

a microscope

a magnifying glass

A

280

Mercury_SC_LBS10075

Which characteristic is most common among animals living in a cold climate?

layers of fat

thick bones

slow digestion

large lungs

A