dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
281	Mercury_7057820	Species are classified based on their characteristics. Which characteristic identifies two organisms as members of one species? The organisms	can produce fertile offspring.	can communicate easily.	will defend their territory.	will move from place to place.	A
282	Mercury_401665	A student hypothesizes that the amount of water a plant receives will affect how long it grows before reaching maturity. To test this hypothesis, the student will need	several digital scales.	a wet paper towel.	several identical plant seeds.	different sizes of containers.	C
283	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_12	One example of matter is	sound	light	heat	water	D
284	Mercury_7042718	If a classroom experiment involves the use of several unidentified chemical solutions, which factor would be most important in maintaining safety during the experiment?	The classroom would be fairly cold.	The classroom would have poor lighting.	The classroom would have good ventilation.	The classroom would have carpet on the floors.	C
285	Mercury_7214200	Vein deposits of gold and silver are often formed in areas that have experienced which geologic process?	igneous intrusion	transport by water	chemical weathering	compaction by pressure	A
286	TIMSS_2007_8_pg71	Cells that conduct messages are known as	skin cells	nerve cells	blood cells	kidney cells	B
287	Mercury_SC_401227	The boiling of water results in a physical change in matter from	solid to liquid.	gas to solid.	solid to gas.	liquid to gas.	D
288	NAEP_2000_4_S21+1	What do playing a guitar, banging a drum, and dropping a pebble in the water have in common?	They all produce light.	They all cause vibrations.	They all convert heat to energy.	They all need gravity to move.	B
289	WASL_2003_5_9	Which object below is gaining stored energy?	A rubber band that is being stretched	A battery in a flashlight that is on	A candle that is burning	null	A
290	Mercury_7016188	At room temperature, what state of matter is copper?	gas	solid	liquid	plasma	B
291	Mercury_7283308	All of the following events occur during prophase in mitosis except	pairing of chromosomes.	spindle formation.	crossing over.	condensation of DNA.	C
292	Mercury_SC_406677	A seed of a plant sticks to the fur of an animal as it walks by. How has the animal most likely helped the plant?	by spreading the seed	by sprouting the plant	by scattering the pollen	by fertilizing the ground	A
293	Mercury_SC_401140	Which part of a plant is used to absorb sunlight during photosynthesis?	leaf	root	seed	flower	A
294	MCAS_1999_4_6	You wish to closely observe a small insect. Which tool is the best to use?	a balance	a test tube	a telescope	a magnifying glass	D
295	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_23	The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system?	circulatory	excretory	nervous	respiratory	C
296	Mercury_401008	A student flips a coin four times. It lands "heads" up three times. The student concludes that the coin will land "heads" up three times out of four. What will make the conclusion more accurate?	substituting a different coin	flipping the coin twenty more times	taping a weight to one side of the coin	flipping the coin over a smoother surface	B
297	ACTAAP_2013_5_10	Which mineral has six-sided transparent crystals that will scratch glass?	sulfur	quartz	calcite	feldspar	B
298	Mercury_7038658	Which best describes a proton?	negatively charged and has a negligible mass	negatively charged and part of the nucleus	positively charged and part of the nucleus	negatively charged and orbits the nucleus	C
299	Mercury_7012530	The difference between the atomic number of an element and the element's atomic mass is the number of	ions.	protons.	electrons.	neutrons.	D
300	Mercury_7081113	Which step will most likely ensure that the results of an investigation are valid?	using a computer to graph results	verifying that results match the original hypothesis	comparing the results with those of other scientists	eliminating any results that appear to be abnormal	C
301	Mercury_7085855	What is formed when a sodium atom and chlorine atom react chemically?	an element	a compound	an electron	a neutron	B
302	Mercury_7013143	Which of these is an example of an endothermic process?	fireworks display	glowing light stick	first-aid instant cold pack	gasoline-burning car engine	C
303	Mercury_7043663	The distance from Earth to the Sun is about 150,000,000 km. What abbreviation do scientists use to describe this distance?	meters per second (m/s)	light-year (ly)	astronomical unit (AU)	electromagnetic unit (EMU)	C
304	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_1	In New York State, the longest period of daylight occurs during which month?	June	March	December	September	A
305	Mercury_400014	Which trait does a puppy inherit from its parents?	fur color and pattern	obedience to commands	food brand preferences	affection for a specific home	A
306	Mercury_SC_411888	Which material is most easily recycled at school?	plastic wrap	notebook paper	ice cream sticks	rubber erasers	B
307	Mercury_7109480	Plants make sugars in the presence of sunlight in a process called photosynthesis. What form of carbon do the plants take in for this process?	glucose molecule	carbon dioxide	single carbon atoms	complex organic compounds	B
308	OHAT_2011_5_19	The sun is a star of average size and brightness. From Earth, the sun appears as a round, yellow object in the daytime sky. At night, we see other stars. They appear as tiny points of light. Why does the sun appear larger than stars that we see at night?	Daylight brightens the sun, making it appear larger.	Starlight bends as it passes planets, making the stars appear smaller.	The sun is closer to Earth than other stars, making the sun appear larger.	Earth's atmosphere filters out light from other stars, making them appear smaller.	C
309	TAKS_2009_8_2	A drain cleaner consists of sodium hydroxide and aluminum. When the drain cleaner is added to water, bubbles of hydrogen are produced, and the solution becomes very hot. Which of these best describes what happens to form the bubbles when the cleaner is added to water? F	chemical reaction	Condensation	A physical change	Evaporation	A
310	TIMSS_2011_8_pg28	John has diabetes. Which of the following should he be careful about eating or drinking?	beef	eggs	milk	fruit juice	D
311	CSZ20827	Within a substance, atoms that collide frequently and move independently of one another are most likely in a	liquid.	solid.	gas.	crystal.	C
312	Mercury_SC_400861	Which object best reflects light?	gray door	white floor	black sweater	brown carpet	B
313	Mercury_SC_400039	The gravitational attraction of the Moon causes which effect on Earth?	ocean tides	time of day	energy from the Sun	phases of the Moon	A
314	Mercury_7245228	A forest was cleared for the building of a resort, but before construction began, secondary succession set in. Which of these describes why secondary succession appeared so rapidly?	The clearing allowed mosses to grow quickly.	Rock weathering occurred for lichens to grow.	Exposed substrates allowed microbes to grow.	The soil components remained for plants to grow.	D
315	Mercury_SC_401633	Which object is made to reflect light?	telescope	window	mirror	eyeglasses	C
316	Mercury_409817	A car may produce many forms of energy from the fuel it uses. Which indicates that a car does not use fuel with 100% efficiency?	The car changes speed.	The car engine gets hot.	The car stops quickly.	The car slides on slippery streets.	B
317	Mercury_7091840	After nitrogen becomes part of the lithosphere, what is the next change that nitrogen will undergo?	used as a nutrient by plants	fixed by bacteria in the soil	converted into oxygen	absorbed into the atmosphere by lightning	B
318	MCAS_1999_4_11	Which of the following would be more likely to pollute a river?	allowing beavers to build a dam	spreading fertilizer near the river	mowing the grass on the river bank	fishing from a bridge over the river	B
319	Mercury_417473	For two organisms to be classified as the same species, they must produce offspring that are	fertile.	adaptable.	alive at birth.	identical to the parents.	A
320	MEA_2016_8_3	Which sentence best describes the organization of the heart?	The heart is an organ made up of different types of tissues, each of which has different types of cells.	The heart is a tissue made up of different types of organs, each of which has different types of cells.	The heart is a system made up of one type of tissue and identical cells.	The heart is a tissue made up of one type of organ and identical cells.	A
321	Mercury_SC_406700	Which stage in the reptile life cycle is most like the birth of a lion cub?	hatching from an egg	shedding the skin	hunting for food	finding a mate	A
322	Mercury_7042823	What would be the best way to determine the role of squirrels in a forest ecosystem?	measure the length and mass of several squirrels	determine the genes that control squirrel traits	make field observations of squirrels in their natural habitat	read articles about the energy and nutrient requirements of squirrels	C
323	CSZ10304	Which of the following systems breaks food into nutrients that can be used by the body?	circulatory	digestive	respiratory	reproductive	B
324	VASoL_2007_3_22	Barry collected four different rocks. The rock with the GREATEST mass will feel the ___.	heaviest	smoothest	sharpest	hardest	A
325	MCAS_2004_5_6	Which of the following is not an inherited trait of humans?	eye color	hair color	favorite food	height	C
326	Mercury_407663	When a person chews, saliva from the mouth mixes with starches in food. These starches begin to turn into sugars. Changing starches into sugars is best described as	a phase change.	a cellular change.	a physical change.	a chemical change.	D
327	Mercury_7085995	Which of these renewable resources results in an increase in pollution when used to produce energy?	water	wind	biomass	geothermal	C
328	Mercury_7207270	Granite is an igneous rock. Which of these describes what usually happens to granite after it is weathered, broken into small particles, buried deep underground, and compacted?	The granite becomes a new rock type.	The granite forms an active volcano.	The granite becomes part of a deep fault.	The granite forms a tall mountain.	A
329	Mercury_SC_400373	The features below are all present on Earth. Which feature could also be found on the Moon?	crater	clouds	electrical storms	nitrogen based atmosphere	A
330	Mercury_SC_415536	What is the highest temperature that water can reach in a pot on a stove?	50°C	90°C	100°C	212°C	C
331	Mercury_7222968	In 2004 the Hubble space telescope captured images of distant star clusters, each containing about a million stars. These star clusters were most likely part of which structure?	a black hole	a galaxy	a nebula	a solar system	B
332	Mercury_7132003	Where is most of the mass of the atom located?	in the protons	in the nucleus	in the neutrons	in the electrons	B
333	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_45	Which situation is the best example of ecological succession?	An organism survives a difficult winter.	The populations in an area remain the same.	One species replaces another species in an ecosystem.	Each of several species uses the same amount of resources.	C
334	MCAS_2000_4_3	The BEST way to tell the DIFFERENCE between an oak and a maple tree is to compare the	height of both trees.	number of leaves on the trees.	size of the root systems of the trees.	shape of the leaves.	D
335	Mercury_7213605	Which example describes a learned behavior in a dog?	smelling the air for odors	barking when disturbed	sitting on command	digging in soil	C
336	Mercury_7081218	In a lab investigation, a student notes that two metal blocks have the same mass. Based on this observation, if the two blocks were put on opposite sides of a balance, they would best represent	balanced forces.	unbalanced forces.	equal and opposite reactions.	objects in motion.	A
337	Mercury_7216370	A scientist was investigating why several fish caught from a local stream displayed similar mutations. He found that the water temperature of the stream was elevated since an industrial plant began discharging heated water into the stream. The scientist concluded that increased water temperature during the egg phase led to the mutation in the fish. According to this conclusion, the mutation was caused by	an autoimmune disorder.	a congenital defect.	an environmental condition.	an injury from a predator.	C
338	Mercury_SC_400581	Solar radiation has a part in the water cycle by	affecting ocean tides.	helping in the absorption of groundwater.	determining the type of clouds formed.	changing water to a vapor.	D
339	OHAT_2010_5_37	A student sets a block at the top of a wooden ramp. The student pushes the block. As the block slides down the ramp, it slows down and then comes to a stop. What force causes the block to slow down?	the force of gravity	the force of friction	the force of magnetism	the force of the student's push	B
340	Mercury_7246330	Which of these explains how a trench can form?	two oceanic plates converging	two continental plates converging	two continental plates diverging	two oceanic plates diverging	A
341	Mercury_7137760	Pepsin is an enzyme that acts in the stomach for protein digestion. Which of these is most likely the main role of pepsin in this metabolic reaction?	to speed up the rate of reaction	to reduce the loss of energy as heat	to control the direction of the reaction	to protect the reaction from other chemicals	A
342	ACTAAP_2009_7_2	Sodium chloride, commonly called "table salt," is made up of sodium and chlorine that have been combined chemically. Which term best describes sodium chloride?	Acid	Atom	Element	Compound	D
343	Mercury_7159408	Katia was listening to music on the radio. In order for the sound to be produced, the electrical energy must be converted into which type of energy?	thermal energy	magnetic energy	chemical energy	mechanical energy	D
344	Mercury_7176015	Studies of snail fossils in Egypt indicate that areas of Egypt that are now desert were once thriving savannahs approximately 130,000 years ago. What does the presence of these fossils indicate about the area of Egypt that was thriving 130,000 years ago?	There was more humidity in the air.	There were fewer nutrients in the soil.	There was more snowfall in the region.	There was less solar radiation in the region.	A
345	Mercury_405139	Which statement identifies an energy source as renewable?	Oil, because it is found underground.	Wind, because it is always available.	Water, because it is becoming scarce.	Coal, because it was formed from plants.	B
346	TIMSS_2003_8_pg90	A wet towel will dry when it is left in the Sun. Which process occurs to make this happen?	melting	boiling	condensation	evaporation	D
347	Mercury_SC_408377	Otto pushed a toy car across a floor. The car traveled fast across the wood, but it slowed to a stop on the carpet. Which best explains what happened when the car reached the carpet?	Inertia decreased.	Gravity increased.	Friction increased.	Magnetism decreased.	C
348	MDSA_2007_4_49	Eye color is a physical trait. Which statement best explains why a child has a specific eye color?	Eye color is a learned trait.	Eye color is an inherited trait.	Eye color is a trait that changes over time.	Eye color is a trait that happens by chance.	B
349	Mercury_400805	Manganese has an atomic number of 25 and an atomic mass of 55 amu. How many particles are found in its nucleus?	25	30	55	80	C
350	Mercury_SC_400215	Students researched monkeys at a zoo. They recorded the monkeys' traits and behaviors. This investigation activity is best described as	controlling.	hypothesizing.	observing.	inferring.	C
351	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_9	The fur of an arctic fox turns from brown to white as winter approaches. This is an example of	camouflage	hibernation	migration	movement	A
352	MCAS_2000_8_4	Which is an example of a chemical change?	a rusting car fender	a spinning top	a spilled bucket of water	a melting popsicle	A
353	Mercury_SC_414016	Which statement is describing climate?	It snowed 12 centimeters last night.	Last winter was colder than normal.	There is a thunderstorm watch for the local area.	The temperature will be between 32°C and 37°C all week.	B
354	Mercury_404792	Scientists have categorized trees based on whether they keep or lose their leaves each year. Another logical way to categorize trees is based on the	types of nutrients needed to grow.	amount of oxygen that is released into the air.	color of leaves that are produced.	type of fruit that is produced.	D
355	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_39	Which resource is considered nonrenewable?	wind power	solar energy	moving water	fossil fuels	D
356	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_11	Sand and iron particles that are similar in size and color are mixed together in a beaker. What would be the best method of separating the particles?	Use tweezers to separate them.	Use a magnet to separate them.	Add water to the mixture.	Pour the mixture into a filter.	B
357	MCAS_2005_5_28	Which habitat on Earth would probably 28 add the greatest amount of water to the water cycle through evaporation?	cold lake	desert sand	warm ocean	mountain rock	C
358	Mercury_7207235	Which of these actions will change a sedimentary rock, such as limestone, into a metamorphic rock, such as marble?	pressure from a glacier	heat from magma	erosion from flowing water	radiation from the Sun	B
359	Mercury_400635	A loaf of bread is baking in a pan in a 350° F oven. What would cause a burn to a hand the quickest because of its low specific heat?	the metal pan	the air in the oven	the surface of the bread	the outside of the oven door	A
360	Mercury_SC_414042	A student poured some sugar into a glass of water. After the water was stirred, no solid sugar remained in the glass. Which statement best describes what happened?	The sugar reacted with water to form elements.	The sugar reacted with water to form a mixture.	The sugar dissolved in water to form a solution.	The sugar dissolved in water to form compounds.	C
361	Mercury_7085960	The magnitude of the gravitational force between two planets depends on the	speed the planets rotate.	other nearby planets.	volume of the planets.	distance between the planets.	D
362	TIMSS_2003_8_pg86	The fossils that are found in the oldest layers of sedimentary rock were formed which types of organisms?	only organisms that lived in the sea	only organisms that lived on land	only organisms that lived in the air	organisms that lived on the land, in the sea and in the air	A
363	Mercury_SC_401292	A snail's shell provides the snail with	food.	energy.	protection.	transportation.	C
364	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_19	Since green plants make their own food, they are called	predators	prey	decomposers	producers	D
365	Mercury_7018130	Which metalloid is used in solar cells and computer chips?	silicon	silver	arsenic	antimony	A
366	MCAS_2003_8_2	The best evidence that two land areas were once connected is the discovery that both land masses	have the same climate.	are in the same stage of succession.	exist along the same line of longitude.	have similar types of rocks and fossils.	D
367	MCAS_2007_5_4795	Rachel purchased a kit for making a skateboard ramp. Which of the following is most important to have for putting the ramp together?	a picture showing the colors of different ramp parts	a diagram showing some ways to use the ramp	a list of prices for other available kits	a set of instructions for the kit materials	D
368	MCAS_2004_8_9	What is the smallest particle of the element gold (Au) that can still be classified as gold?	atom	molecule	neutron	proton	A
369	Mercury_7029925	Which best describes the function of the small intestine?	oxygenation of tissue	excretion of toxic wastes	transportation of blood cells	digestion and absorption of food	D
370	LEAP__7_10340	A forest is flooded when a natural dam breaks, leaving the forest floor under two meters of water. Which animal is most affected by the flooding?	a crow	a rabbit	a squirrel	a butterfly	B
371	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_26	Which object will most likely be attracted to a magnet?	wooden block	plastic cup	metal nail	glass bead	C
372	Mercury_SC_415533	At what temperature does pure water boil?	0°C	32°C	100°C	212°C	C
373	Mercury_179603	Animals that eat both plant matter and meat are referred to as	decomposers.	scavengers.	herbivores.	omnivores.	D
374	OHAT_2008_5_18	Corals are animals that live in tropical oceans. Fossils of corals are found in Ohio. What does the presence of coral fossils suggest about how the environment of Ohio has changed over time?	Ohio was once covered by warm seas.	A large glacier once passed over Ohio.	The average rainfall in Ohio is now much more than it once was.	The average temperature in Ohio is now much warmer than it.	A
375	AIMS_2009_4_6	Alex looked at an electric toothbrush that had a plug with three metal prongs. Why are these prongs made out of metal?	Metal doesn't get hot and melt when you plug it into the outlet.	Metal is strong and is less likely to break when you plug it into the outlet.	Metal is an insulator and prevents shocks when you plug it into the outlet.	Metal is a conductor and completes a circuit when you plug it into the outlet.	D
376	MCAS_2006_8_4	Where is an igneous rock such as pumice most likely formed?	in a desert	in a creek bed	near a volcano	under a glacier	C
377	Mercury_SC_LBS10908	Why are many telescopes used far from cities?	The light from the cities makes it hard to see stars.	The noise from the cities vibrates the telescopes.	The power lines from the cities produce interference waves.	The pollution from the cities reflects starlight.	A
378	TIMSS_2007_4_pg29	Where do plants get energy from to make food?	air	soil	water	sunlight	D
379	MCAS_2002_5_18	Which of the following is most likely to cause water to change from one state of matter to another state of matter?	increased precipitation	the weathering of rocks	a decrease in wind speed	a change in air temperature	D
380	Mercury_7012985	When a soccer player kicks a ball, which two systems work directly with the muscular system?	immune and excretory	digestive and respiratory	nervous and skeletal	circulatory and integumentary	C

281

Mercury_7057820

Species are classified based on their characteristics. Which characteristic identifies two organisms as members of one species? The organisms

can produce fertile offspring.

can communicate easily.

will defend their territory.

will move from place to place.

A

282

Mercury_401665

A student hypothesizes that the amount of water a plant receives will affect how long it grows before reaching maturity. To test this hypothesis, the student will need

several digital scales.

a wet paper towel.

several identical plant seeds.

different sizes of containers.

C

283

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_12

One example of matter is

sound

light

heat

water

D

284

Mercury_7042718

If a classroom experiment involves the use of several unidentified chemical solutions, which factor would be most important in maintaining safety during the experiment?

The classroom would be fairly cold.

The classroom would have poor lighting.

The classroom would have good ventilation.

The classroom would have carpet on the floors.

C

285

Mercury_7214200

Vein deposits of gold and silver are often formed in areas that have experienced which geologic process?

igneous intrusion

transport by water

chemical weathering

compaction by pressure

A

286

TIMSS_2007_8_pg71

Cells that conduct messages are known as

skin cells

nerve cells

blood cells

kidney cells

B

287

Mercury_SC_401227

The boiling of water results in a physical change in matter from

solid to liquid.

gas to solid.

solid to gas.

liquid to gas.

D

288

NAEP_2000_4_S21+1

What do playing a guitar, banging a drum, and dropping a pebble in the water have in common?

They all produce light.

They all cause vibrations.

They all convert heat to energy.

They all need gravity to move.

B

289

WASL_2003_5_9

Which object below is gaining stored energy?

A rubber band that is being stretched

A battery in a flashlight that is on

A candle that is burning

null

A

290

Mercury_7016188

At room temperature, what state of matter is copper?

gas

solid

liquid

plasma

B

291

Mercury_7283308

All of the following events occur during prophase in mitosis except

pairing of chromosomes.

spindle formation.

crossing over.

condensation of DNA.

C

292

Mercury_SC_406677

A seed of a plant sticks to the fur of an animal as it walks by. How has the animal most likely helped the plant?

by spreading the seed

by sprouting the plant

by scattering the pollen

by fertilizing the ground

A

293

Mercury_SC_401140

Which part of a plant is used to absorb sunlight during photosynthesis?

leaf

root

seed

flower

A

294

MCAS_1999_4_6

You wish to closely observe a small insect. Which tool is the best to use?

a balance

a test tube

a telescope

a magnifying glass

D

295

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_23

The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system?

circulatory

excretory

nervous

respiratory

C

296

Mercury_401008

A student flips a coin four times. It lands "heads" up three times. The student concludes that the coin will land "heads" up three times out of four. What will make the conclusion more accurate?

substituting a different coin

flipping the coin twenty more times

taping a weight to one side of the coin

flipping the coin over a smoother surface

B

297

ACTAAP_2013_5_10

Which mineral has six-sided transparent crystals that will scratch glass?

sulfur

quartz

calcite

feldspar

B

298

Mercury_7038658

Which best describes a proton?

negatively charged and has a negligible mass

negatively charged and part of the nucleus

positively charged and part of the nucleus

negatively charged and orbits the nucleus

C

299

Mercury_7012530

The difference between the atomic number of an element and the element's atomic mass is the number of

ions.

protons.

electrons.

neutrons.

D

300

Mercury_7081113

Which step will most likely ensure that the results of an investigation are valid?

using a computer to graph results

verifying that results match the original hypothesis

comparing the results with those of other scientists

eliminating any results that appear to be abnormal

C

301

Mercury_7085855

What is formed when a sodium atom and chlorine atom react chemically?

an element

a compound

an electron

a neutron

B

302

Mercury_7013143

Which of these is an example of an endothermic process?

fireworks display

glowing light stick

first-aid instant cold pack

gasoline-burning car engine

C

303

Mercury_7043663

The distance from Earth to the Sun is about 150,000,000 km. What abbreviation do scientists use to describe this distance?

meters per second (m/s)

light-year (ly)

astronomical unit (AU)

electromagnetic unit (EMU)

C

304

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_1

In New York State, the longest period of daylight occurs during which month?

June

March

December

September

A

305

Mercury_400014

Which trait does a puppy inherit from its parents?

fur color and pattern

obedience to commands

food brand preferences

affection for a specific home

A

306

Mercury_SC_411888

Which material is most easily recycled at school?

plastic wrap

notebook paper

ice cream sticks

rubber erasers

B

307

Mercury_7109480

Plants make sugars in the presence of sunlight in a process called photosynthesis. What form of carbon do the plants take in for this process?

glucose molecule

carbon dioxide

single carbon atoms

complex organic compounds

B

308

OHAT_2011_5_19

The sun is a star of average size and brightness. From Earth, the sun appears as a round, yellow object in the daytime sky. At night, we see other stars. They appear as tiny points of light. Why does the sun appear larger than stars that we see at night?

Daylight brightens the sun, making it appear larger.

Starlight bends as it passes planets, making the stars appear smaller.

The sun is closer to Earth than other stars, making the sun appear larger.

Earth's atmosphere filters out light from other stars, making them appear smaller.

C

309

TAKS_2009_8_2

A drain cleaner consists of sodium hydroxide and aluminum. When the drain cleaner is added to water, bubbles of hydrogen are produced, and the solution becomes very hot. Which of these best describes what happens to form the bubbles when the cleaner is added to water? F

chemical reaction

Condensation

A physical change

Evaporation

A

310

TIMSS_2011_8_pg28

John has diabetes. Which of the following should he be careful about eating or drinking?

beef

eggs

milk

fruit juice

D

311

CSZ20827

Within a substance, atoms that collide frequently and move independently of one another are most likely in a

liquid.

solid.

gas.

crystal.

C

312

Mercury_SC_400861

Which object best reflects light?

gray door

white floor

black sweater

brown carpet

B

313

Mercury_SC_400039

The gravitational attraction of the Moon causes which effect on Earth?

ocean tides

time of day

energy from the Sun

phases of the Moon

A

314

Mercury_7245228

A forest was cleared for the building of a resort, but before construction began, secondary succession set in. Which of these describes why secondary succession appeared so rapidly?

The clearing allowed mosses to grow quickly.

Rock weathering occurred for lichens to grow.

Exposed substrates allowed microbes to grow.

The soil components remained for plants to grow.

D

315

Mercury_SC_401633

Which object is made to reflect light?

telescope

window

mirror

eyeglasses

C

316

Mercury_409817

A car may produce many forms of energy from the fuel it uses. Which indicates that a car does not use fuel with 100% efficiency?

The car changes speed.

The car engine gets hot.

The car stops quickly.

The car slides on slippery streets.

B

317

Mercury_7091840

After nitrogen becomes part of the lithosphere, what is the next change that nitrogen will undergo?

used as a nutrient by plants

fixed by bacteria in the soil

converted into oxygen

absorbed into the atmosphere by lightning

B

318

MCAS_1999_4_11

Which of the following would be more likely to pollute a river?

allowing beavers to build a dam

spreading fertilizer near the river

mowing the grass on the river bank

fishing from a bridge over the river

B

319

Mercury_417473

For two organisms to be classified as the same species, they must produce offspring that are

fertile.

adaptable.

alive at birth.

identical to the parents.

A

320

MEA_2016_8_3

Which sentence best describes the organization of the heart?

The heart is an organ made up of different types of tissues, each of which has different types of cells.

The heart is a tissue made up of different types of organs, each of which has different types of cells.

The heart is a system made up of one type of tissue and identical cells.

The heart is a tissue made up of one type of organ and identical cells.

A

321

Mercury_SC_406700

Which stage in the reptile life cycle is most like the birth of a lion cub?

hatching from an egg

shedding the skin

hunting for food

finding a mate

A

322

Mercury_7042823

What would be the best way to determine the role of squirrels in a forest ecosystem?

measure the length and mass of several squirrels

determine the genes that control squirrel traits

make field observations of squirrels in their natural habitat

read articles about the energy and nutrient requirements of squirrels

C

323

CSZ10304

Which of the following systems breaks food into nutrients that can be used by the body?

circulatory

digestive

respiratory

reproductive

B

324

VASoL_2007_3_22

Barry collected four different rocks. The rock with the GREATEST mass will feel the ___.

heaviest

smoothest

sharpest

hardest

A

325

MCAS_2004_5_6

Which of the following is not an inherited trait of humans?

eye color

hair color

favorite food

height

C

326

Mercury_407663

When a person chews, saliva from the mouth mixes with starches in food. These starches begin to turn into sugars. Changing starches into sugars is best described as

a phase change.

a cellular change.

a physical change.

a chemical change.

D

327

Mercury_7085995

Which of these renewable resources results in an increase in pollution when used to produce energy?

water

wind

biomass

geothermal

C

328

Mercury_7207270

Granite is an igneous rock. Which of these describes what usually happens to granite after it is weathered, broken into small particles, buried deep underground, and compacted?

The granite becomes a new rock type.

The granite forms an active volcano.

The granite becomes part of a deep fault.

The granite forms a tall mountain.

A

329

Mercury_SC_400373

The features below are all present on Earth. Which feature could also be found on the Moon?

crater

clouds

electrical storms

nitrogen based atmosphere

A

330

Mercury_SC_415536

What is the highest temperature that water can reach in a pot on a stove?

50°C

90°C

100°C

212°C

C

331

Mercury_7222968

In 2004 the Hubble space telescope captured images of distant star clusters, each containing about a million stars. These star clusters were most likely part of which structure?

a black hole

a galaxy

a nebula

a solar system

B

332

Mercury_7132003

Where is most of the mass of the atom located?

in the protons

in the nucleus

in the neutrons

in the electrons

B

333

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_45

Which situation is the best example of ecological succession?

An organism survives a difficult winter.

The populations in an area remain the same.

One species replaces another species in an ecosystem.

Each of several species uses the same amount of resources.

C

334

MCAS_2000_4_3

The BEST way to tell the DIFFERENCE between an oak and a maple tree is to compare the

height of both trees.

number of leaves on the trees.

size of the root systems of the trees.

shape of the leaves.

D

335

Mercury_7213605

Which example describes a learned behavior in a dog?

smelling the air for odors

barking when disturbed

sitting on command

digging in soil

C

336

Mercury_7081218

In a lab investigation, a student notes that two metal blocks have the same mass. Based on this observation, if the two blocks were put on opposite sides of a balance, they would best represent

balanced forces.

unbalanced forces.

equal and opposite reactions.

objects in motion.

A

337

Mercury_7216370

A scientist was investigating why several fish caught from a local stream displayed similar mutations. He found that the water temperature of the stream was elevated since an industrial plant began discharging heated water into the stream. The scientist concluded that increased water temperature during the egg phase led to the mutation in the fish. According to this conclusion, the mutation was caused by

an autoimmune disorder.

a congenital defect.

an environmental condition.

an injury from a predator.

C

338

Mercury_SC_400581

Solar radiation has a part in the water cycle by

affecting ocean tides.

helping in the absorption of groundwater.

determining the type of clouds formed.

changing water to a vapor.

D

339

OHAT_2010_5_37

A student sets a block at the top of a wooden ramp. The student pushes the block. As the block slides down the ramp, it slows down and then comes to a stop. What force causes the block to slow down?

the force of gravity

the force of friction

the force of magnetism

the force of the student's push

B

340

Mercury_7246330

Which of these explains how a trench can form?

two oceanic plates converging

two continental plates converging

two continental plates diverging

two oceanic plates diverging

A

341

Mercury_7137760

Pepsin is an enzyme that acts in the stomach for protein digestion. Which of these is most likely the main role of pepsin in this metabolic reaction?

to speed up the rate of reaction

to reduce the loss of energy as heat

to control the direction of the reaction

to protect the reaction from other chemicals

A

342

ACTAAP_2009_7_2

Sodium chloride, commonly called "table salt," is made up of sodium and chlorine that have been combined chemically. Which term best describes sodium chloride?

Acid

Atom

Element

Compound

D

343

Mercury_7159408

Katia was listening to music on the radio. In order for the sound to be produced, the electrical energy must be converted into which type of energy?

thermal energy

magnetic energy

chemical energy

mechanical energy

D

344

Mercury_7176015

Studies of snail fossils in Egypt indicate that areas of Egypt that are now desert were once thriving savannahs approximately 130,000 years ago. What does the presence of these fossils indicate about the area of Egypt that was thriving 130,000 years ago?

There was more humidity in the air.

There were fewer nutrients in the soil.

There was more snowfall in the region.

There was less solar radiation in the region.

A

345

Mercury_405139

Which statement identifies an energy source as renewable?

Oil, because it is found underground.

Wind, because it is always available.

Water, because it is becoming scarce.

Coal, because it was formed from plants.

B

346

TIMSS_2003_8_pg90

A wet towel will dry when it is left in the Sun. Which process occurs to make this happen?

melting

boiling

condensation

evaporation

D

347

Mercury_SC_408377

Otto pushed a toy car across a floor. The car traveled fast across the wood, but it slowed to a stop on the carpet. Which best explains what happened when the car reached the carpet?

Inertia decreased.

Gravity increased.

Friction increased.

Magnetism decreased.

C

348

MDSA_2007_4_49

Eye color is a physical trait. Which statement best explains why a child has a specific eye color?

Eye color is a learned trait.

Eye color is an inherited trait.

Eye color is a trait that changes over time.

Eye color is a trait that happens by chance.

B

349

Mercury_400805

Manganese has an atomic number of 25 and an atomic mass of 55 amu. How many particles are found in its nucleus?

25

30

55

80

C

350

Mercury_SC_400215

Students researched monkeys at a zoo. They recorded the monkeys' traits and behaviors. This investigation activity is best described as

controlling.

hypothesizing.

observing.

inferring.

C

351

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_9

The fur of an arctic fox turns from brown to white as winter approaches. This is an example of

camouflage

hibernation

migration

movement

A

352

MCAS_2000_8_4

Which is an example of a chemical change?

a rusting car fender

a spinning top

a spilled bucket of water

a melting popsicle

A

353

Mercury_SC_414016

Which statement is describing climate?

It snowed 12 centimeters last night.

Last winter was colder than normal.

There is a thunderstorm watch for the local area.

The temperature will be between 32°C and 37°C all week.

B

354

Mercury_404792

Scientists have categorized trees based on whether they keep or lose their leaves each year. Another logical way to categorize trees is based on the

types of nutrients needed to grow.

amount of oxygen that is released into the air.

color of leaves that are produced.

type of fruit that is produced.

D

355

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_39

Which resource is considered nonrenewable?

wind power

solar energy

moving water

fossil fuels

D

356

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_11

Sand and iron particles that are similar in size and color are mixed together in a beaker. What would be the best method of separating the particles?

Use tweezers to separate them.

Use a magnet to separate them.

Add water to the mixture.

Pour the mixture into a filter.

B

357

MCAS_2005_5_28

Which habitat on Earth would probably 28 add the greatest amount of water to the water cycle through evaporation?

cold lake

desert sand

warm ocean

mountain rock

C

358

Mercury_7207235

Which of these actions will change a sedimentary rock, such as limestone, into a metamorphic rock, such as marble?

pressure from a glacier

heat from magma

erosion from flowing water

radiation from the Sun

B

359

Mercury_400635

A loaf of bread is baking in a pan in a 350° F oven. What would cause a burn to a hand the quickest because of its low specific heat?

the metal pan

the air in the oven

the surface of the bread

the outside of the oven door

A

360

Mercury_SC_414042

A student poured some sugar into a glass of water. After the water was stirred, no solid sugar remained in the glass. Which statement best describes what happened?

The sugar reacted with water to form elements.

The sugar reacted with water to form a mixture.

The sugar dissolved in water to form a solution.

The sugar dissolved in water to form compounds.

C

361

Mercury_7085960

The magnitude of the gravitational force between two planets depends on the

speed the planets rotate.

other nearby planets.

volume of the planets.

distance between the planets.

D

362

TIMSS_2003_8_pg86

The fossils that are found in the oldest layers of sedimentary rock were formed which types of organisms?

only organisms that lived in the sea

only organisms that lived on land

only organisms that lived in the air

organisms that lived on the land, in the sea and in the air

A

363

Mercury_SC_401292

A snail's shell provides the snail with

food.

energy.

protection.

transportation.

C

364

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_19

Since green plants make their own food, they are called

predators

prey

decomposers

producers

D

365

Mercury_7018130

Which metalloid is used in solar cells and computer chips?

silicon

silver

arsenic

antimony

A

366

MCAS_2003_8_2

The best evidence that two land areas were once connected is the discovery that both land masses

have the same climate.

are in the same stage of succession.

exist along the same line of longitude.

have similar types of rocks and fossils.

D

367

MCAS_2007_5_4795

Rachel purchased a kit for making a skateboard ramp. Which of the following is most important to have for putting the ramp together?

a picture showing the colors of different ramp parts

a diagram showing some ways to use the ramp

a list of prices for other available kits

a set of instructions for the kit materials

D

368

MCAS_2004_8_9

What is the smallest particle of the element gold (Au) that can still be classified as gold?

atom

molecule

neutron

proton

A

369

Mercury_7029925

Which best describes the function of the small intestine?

oxygenation of tissue

excretion of toxic wastes

transportation of blood cells

digestion and absorption of food

D

370

LEAP__7_10340

A forest is flooded when a natural dam breaks, leaving the forest floor under two meters of water. Which animal is most affected by the flooding?

a crow

a rabbit

a squirrel

a butterfly

B

371

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_26

Which object will most likely be attracted to a magnet?

wooden block

plastic cup

metal nail

glass bead

C

372

Mercury_SC_415533

At what temperature does pure water boil?

0°C

32°C

100°C

212°C

C

373

Mercury_179603

Animals that eat both plant matter and meat are referred to as

decomposers.

scavengers.

herbivores.

omnivores.

D

374

OHAT_2008_5_18

Corals are animals that live in tropical oceans. Fossils of corals are found in Ohio. What does the presence of coral fossils suggest about how the environment of Ohio has changed over time?

Ohio was once covered by warm seas.

A large glacier once passed over Ohio.

The average rainfall in Ohio is now much more than it once was.

The average temperature in Ohio is now much warmer than it.

A

375

AIMS_2009_4_6

Alex looked at an electric toothbrush that had a plug with three metal prongs. Why are these prongs made out of metal?

Metal doesn't get hot and melt when you plug it into the outlet.

Metal is strong and is less likely to break when you plug it into the outlet.

Metal is an insulator and prevents shocks when you plug it into the outlet.

Metal is a conductor and completes a circuit when you plug it into the outlet.

D

376

MCAS_2006_8_4

Where is an igneous rock such as pumice most likely formed?

in a desert

in a creek bed

near a volcano

under a glacier

C

377

Mercury_SC_LBS10908

Why are many telescopes used far from cities?

The light from the cities makes it hard to see stars.

The noise from the cities vibrates the telescopes.

The power lines from the cities produce interference waves.

The pollution from the cities reflects starlight.

A

378

TIMSS_2007_4_pg29

Where do plants get energy from to make food?

air

soil

water

sunlight

D

379

MCAS_2002_5_18

Which of the following is most likely to cause water to change from one state of matter to another state of matter?

increased precipitation

the weathering of rocks

a decrease in wind speed

a change in air temperature

D

380

Mercury_7012985

When a soccer player kicks a ball, which two systems work directly with the muscular system?

immune and excretory

digestive and respiratory

nervous and skeletal

circulatory and integumentary

C