dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
481	Mercury_7228480	Which part of a DNA molecule represents encoded information?	phosphate	sugar	guanine	hydrogen bond	C
482	VASoL_2011_5_4	Early scientists most likely saw a discharge of electricity for the first time when observing a	waterfall	rainbow	lightning storm	volcano erupting	C
483	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_34	In humans, the amount of sugar in blood is controlled by the release of a hormone called insulin. This process is an example of	depletion	digestion	regulation	excretion	C
484	MCAS_1999_8_21	It is necessary to add a day to the calendar every four years because	the axis of Earth is tilted.	the gravitational pull of the Sun affects Earth's revolution.	the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.	the Moon crosses the orbit of the Sun every 28 days.	C
485	Mercury_SC_400141	Which tool would be best to measure the length of a butterfly?	triple beam balance	graduated cylinder	metric ruler	thermometer	C
486	Mercury_SC_405001	Scientists invented a liquid that removes grease and keeps the skin soft. How could this discovery most likely be used?	to improve dish soap	to cure a disease	to make clothes	to grow plants	A
487	Mercury_SC_415388	The first step in the water cycle is evaporation. What gives water the energy to evaporate?	Sun	wind	clouds	waves	A
488	AKDE&ED_2008_4_10	On a warm sunny afternoon, ocean water splashed onto a rock. A short time later, the rock was dry. Which statement best explains what happened to the water on the rock?	Heat caused the water to become a gas.	Heat melted the water and it disappeared.	Salt caused the water to become a gas.	Salt melted the water and it disappeared.	A
489	ACTAAP_2007_7_29	Which is a nonrenewable natural resource that is used to make electrical energy?	coal	wind	water	thermal	A
490	Mercury_7239785	Which process initiates the passage of half of a parent's DNA to offspring?	meiosis	mitosis	fertilization	differentiation	A
491	Mercury_SC_411884	Which resource provides the minerals plants need to grow?	sunlight	water	soil	air	C
492	LEAP_2011_4_10297	At what time on a sunny day will the shadow of the school's flagpole be the shortest?	sunrise	noon	mid-afternoon	sunset	B
493	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_11	Animals get energy for growth and repair from	soil	food	water	air	B
494	Mercury_SC_401356	A flower produces seeds that fall to the ground and grow into new plants that produce more flowers. The seeds begin to grow by the process of	fertilization.	germination.	maturation.	pollination.	B
495	Mercury_182035	A rock has most likely traveled a long distance from its place of origin if it is	very small.	rounded and smooth.	partially faded.	rough and dense.	B
496	Mercury_7092383	Which of the following best explains why the tectonic plates of Earth move?	conduction from solar heating	heat convection from the mantle	global winds	ocean currents	B
497	Mercury_7137813	Over a long period of time, a rocky volcanic island that previously did not support any form of life got transformed into a dense forested region. Which of these species is most likely to have been the pioneer species that initiated this transformation?	ferns	grasses	lichens	mushrooms	C
498	Mercury_SC_400129	The formation of coal deposits occurred over millions of years. Which feature was most responsible for these deposits?	barren deserts	active volcanoes	mountains covered in trees	swamps with dense vegetation	D
499	Mercury_7164500	A teacher is performing a demonstration about static electricity for his class by rubbing a balloon against a wool sweater. The balloon sticks to the wool sweater. Which particles are exchanged during the demonstration?	atoms	protons	neutrons	electrons	D
500	Mercury_404951	After a race, a newspaper lists the names of the five fastest runners. Another method that could be used to identify the five fastest runners is to make a chart that shows the	average of the speeds of the runners.	total distance for each runner.	time it took each runner to run the race.	percentage of the runners who finished the race.	C
501	LEAP__7_10353	A scientist plans to investigate the nervous system of sea slugs. What should the scientist do first?	Develop a theory about sea slugs that can be tested.	Go to the ocean to observe the behavior of sea slugs.	Obtain several sea slugs and conduct experiments with them.	Review the research other scientists have done on sea slugs.	D
502	Mercury_7182193	Natural selection is a mechanism that acts on individuals within a population. Which is a result of the process of natural selection?	The reproductive rate of the population decreases.	Genetic similarity within the population increases.	Organisms are better adapted to their environment.	Adverse changes to the environment become more frequent.	C
503	Mercury_415543	What chemical symbol represents the element iron?	Fe	I	Ir	Pb	A
504	Mercury_SC_LBS10909	A push or a pull on an object is an example of	force.	weight.	energy.	work.	A
505	AIMS_2009_4_30	Which statement is a description of weather?	Summers in Tucson are hot and dry.	Winters in Flagstaff are cold and snowy.	The temperature is 55° F in Winslow today.	The Sun will set in Yuma today at 6:45 p.m.	C
506	MCAS_2015_5_9	Clouds and precipitation moved across western Massachusetts one evening. The temperature changed from 41°F to 28°F. Which of the following changes in precipitation most likely occurred on this evening?	sleet changing to hail	snow changing to rain	rain changing to sleet	snow changing to hail	C
507	Mercury_7024973	The human body has an average, normal temperature of about 98.6ºF. To keep the core body temperature from becoming too high, the brain sends a signal to the body to	decrease sugar levels in the blood.	increase sugar levels in the blood.	decrease blood flow to the skin.	increase blood flow to the skin.	D
508	Mercury_SC_408539	Why is water considered to be a renewable resource?	Water can be used over again.	Water can be found all over Earth.	Water can dissolve other substances.	Water is needed by organisms to stay alive.	A
509	Mercury_7017833	What is the most prominent land feature formed by the convergence of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates?	China	Australia	Ural Mountains	Himalaya Mountains	D
510	AIMS_2008_4_10	To which group does an animal belong if it lays eggs and has scales and gills?	amphibian	bird	fish	reptile	C
511	Mercury_SC_406744	What causes nighttime and daytime on Earth?	the Sun rotating on its axis	Earth rotating on its axis	Earth revolving around the Sun	the Moon revolving around Earth	B
512	Mercury_SC_417575	Which area is coldest?	rainforest	tundra	grassland	reef	B
513	Mercury_SC_401799	Which scientist is credited with using a telescope in the seventeenth century to discover the moons of Jupiter?	Galileo	Kepler	Einstein	Newton	A
514	Mercury_7217893	Which of these is a freshwater reservoir?	Gulf of Mexico	Pacific Ocean	Atlantic tidal basin	Antarctic polar ice	D
515	Mercury_7263113	In eukaryotic organisms, microtubules give cells structure, and microfilaments help the cell contract and move. Together, they combine to perform functions similar to what two human body systems?	the endocrine and skeletal systems	the circulatory and respiratory systems	the skeletal and muscular systems	the integumentary and excretory system	C
516	OHAT_2011_8_2	Which kind of rock is produced by deposition and cementation?	marble, a metamorphic rock	sandstone, a sedimentary rock	granite, an intrusive igneous rock	pumice, an extrusive igneous rock	B
517	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_2	Which characteristic is inherited rather than learned?	telling a story	saluting the flag	having blue eyes	riding a bicycle	C
518	ACTAAP_2013_7_3	Which biological process in mammals occurs largely due to cell division?	healing	respiration	decomposition	photosynthesis	A
519	MCAS_1998_8_18	Frame construction predominates in the New England area due to the abundance of	clay.	masonry.	wood.	steel.	C
520	Mercury_7207480	Which of these properties of water helps moderate the weather of coastal areas?	neutral pH	high specific heat	dissolves many substances	floats as a solid	B
521	Mercury_SC_400326	Birds eat non-camouflaged moths at a higher rate than they eat camouflaged moths. In which situation would birds eat the moths at the slowest rate?	dark moths in any environment	light moths in any environment	dark moths in a light environment	light moths in a light environment	D
522	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_14	During which process does a caterpillar become a butterfly?	fertilization	metamorphosis	asexual reproduction	biological adaptation	B
523	Mercury_7188983	Gregor Mendel cross-pollinated red and white snapdragon flowers. What information indicates that incomplete dominance was achieved?	The offspring had heterozygous alleles.	The offspring had a recessive allele.	The offspring were pink.	The offspring were red.	C
524	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_22	What is the major function of the human excretory system?	eliminate waste materials	respond to stimuli	break down food mechanically	absorb nutrients from food	A
525	TIMSS_2003_4_pg37	Yumiko gave some reasons why kettles and kitchen pans are often made of copper. Which reason is correct?	Copper is a good conductor of heat.	Copper is easy to melt.	Copper is difficult to shape.	Copper dissolves in hot water.	A
526	Mercury_7228253	In most animals, combinations of various tissues make up functional units called	epithelial cells.	organs.	organ systems.	populations.	B
527	AIMS_2009_4_18	How do the spines of a cactus help it survive?	Spines help the cactus get moisture.	Spines anchor the cactus in the ground.	Spines protect the cactus from animals.	Spines support the stems and branches of the cactus.	C
528	Mercury_7012565	Water enters a plant cell through the	cell wall.	chloroplasts.	mitochondria.	nucleus.	A
529	MCAS_1998_4_4	People are developing electric cars that would replace gasoline-burning cars. One major advantage of the electric car is that it	accelerates faster.	causes less pollution.	gives a smoother ride.	needs no battery.	B
530	NAEP_2000_8_S21+1	Which group of organisms would all be found living in a tropical rain forest?	Lizards, insects, cacti, kangaroos	Vines, palm trees, tree frogs, monkeys	Evergreens, moose, weasels, mink	Lichens, mosses, caribou, polar bears	B
531	Mercury_7217385	Which SI unit would be most appropriate for recording the length of a typical classroom?	gram	kilogram	meter	kilometer	C
532	Mercury_7069440	If two objects are two meters apart, which of these changes will increase the gravitational force between the two objects?	decreasing the mass of one object	decreasing the mass of both objects	moving the objects to one meter apart	moving the objects to three meters apart	C
533	Mercury_7056840	Which of these cell structures converts nutrients to energy for cell functions?	cell membrane	chloroplasts	mitochondria	endoplasmic reticulum	C
534	Mercury_7103268	Cumulonimbus clouds often form along cold fronts. Which type of weather is most likely to occur along a cold front?	moderate temperature with mild breezes	storms with hurricane winds	rain with possible severe thunderstorms	high temperatures with low winds	C
535	Mercury_SC_408894	An eagle is a bird that reproduces by laying its eggs in a dry nest. Which animal lays its eggs in a place most similar to the eagle?	amphibian	fish	mammal	reptile	D
536	Mercury_401993	The chemical formula for water is H_{2}O. What does the formula show about each element in the compound?	the number of valence electrons	the charge of the compound	the mass of protons in each atom	the number of atoms of each element	D
537	Mercury_400096	How far from Earth is an object that is 10 light years from Earth?	10,000 km	10,000,000 km	the distance light can travel in 10 years	ten times the distance from Earth to the Sun	C
538	Mercury_7213168	The oceans most influence global climate by	releasing heat to the atmosphere.	cooling bordering land masses.	providing continuous onshore winds.	removing water vapor from the atmosphere.	A
539	Mercury_7124163	A science class investigated the percentage of corn kernels that pop in bags of different brands of popcorn. Fifteen students tested three brands of popcorn each and reported their results to the class. Why did the teacher most likely have so many students report the results?	for more accurate results	for more student participation	to help simplify the procedure	to help explain the hypothesis	A
540	Mercury_7077630	The smallest part of an element that retains the properties of the element is the	proton.	nucleus.	electron.	atom.	D
541	Mercury_7037485	What is the composition of the nucleus of an atom?	ions and electrons	electrons and protons	protons and neutrons	neutrons and electrons	C
542	Mercury_SC_LBS11007	Which of these would best be shown as a 3-D model?	color spectrum	magnetic field	skeletal system	water cycle	C
543	Mercury_7064365	A root emerges from a seed because of the force of	water against the seed coat.	air pushing on the seed.	gravity on the seed.	soil pressing on the seed.	A
544	VASoL_2008_3_14	Which of these is the BEST reason to study weather?	To be prepared for storms	To learn how fossils are formed	To see changing phases of the Moon	To find ways for animals to live longer	A
545	MCAS_2005_9_3	A recycling plant manager needs to melt 1500 kg of scrap copper to sell to a wire manufacturer. The copper is at 15°C and its melting point is 1083°C. The copper has a specific heat of 385 J/kg x K. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of the copper to its melting point?	6.2 x 10^8 J	6.3 x 10^8 J	7.7 x 10^8 J	7.9 x 10^8 J	A
546	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_30	A decomposer is an organism that	preys on other animals	eats only plants	recycles nutrients	uses sunlight to make food	C
547	ACTAAP_2008_5_8	Which type of scientist would study the relationship between simple machines and energy?	chemist	biologist	physicist	geologist	C
548	VASoL_2007_3_34	The seeds of an oak come from the ___.	fruit	leaf	root	stem	A
549	MCAS_2007_8_5161	A manufacturer wants to produce a container for food storage that does not break easily and is airtight, inexpensive, and microwave-safe. Which of the following is the best material to use to make the container?	glass	metal	paper	plastic	D
550	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_30	When carbon and oxygen combine chemically, the mass of the product is	greater than the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen	equal to the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen	equal to the mass of the carbon	less than the mass of the carbon	B
551	Mercury_7217543	Juvenile diabetes is a disease caused by the body's inability to create insulin. The body's white blood cells attack the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. This type of disease is known as	a cardiovascular disease.	an infectious disease.	a digestive system disease.	an autoimmune disease.	D
552	Mercury_SC_413625	Which of these describes a property of all matter?	All matter gives off light.	All matter is attracted by magnets.	All matter is made of atoms.	All matter dissolves in water.	C
553	MCAS_2007_8_5186	Which of the following is a characteristic of all chemical changes?	A different state of matter is produced.	Some mass is converted to energy.	Some form of light is given off.	A new material is formed.	D
554	Mercury_7228498	What is the complementary base of adenine in DNA?	cytosine	thymine	guanine	uracil	B
555	CSZ_2009_8_CSZ30348	What is the density of a 64-g iron cube that displaces 8 mL of water?	512 g/mL	32 g/mL	8 g/mL	4 g/mL	C
556	Mercury_401315	What keeps Mars in orbit around the Sun?	friction	gravity	magnetism	solar power	B
557	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_29	Which material is primarily a mixture of weathered rock and organic matter?	minerals	soil	ocean water	seashells	B
558	CSZ_2005_5_CSZ10170	How do plants most commonly break large rocks into smaller pieces?	Plant leaves insulate surrounding rocks from extreme temperatures.	Plant roots grow into cracks in rocks.	Seeds from plants fall onto rocks and release acidic compounds.	Stems of plants surround and squeeze rocks.	B
559	Mercury_7212975	Which statement best describes the climate of Nevada?	Temperature at night dropped behind a cold front.	Wind increased during the day.	Humidity is low throughout every summer.	Air pressure increased gradually all week.	C
560	Mercury_7220920	What is the primary function of skin cells?	to deliver messages to the brain	to generate movement of muscles	to provide a physical barrier to the body	to produce carbohydrates for energy	C
561	MCAS_2004_5_3	Some plants grow only in specific places in the world. Some cacti, for example, grow only in deserts. Which of the following is most important in determining where a plant can grow and survive?	animals	climate	tides	wind	B
562	MEA_2013_8_17	A geologist found fossils of horse bones in different rock layers of a canyon. The fossils in the lower levels show shorter bones than those in the upper-level fossils. Which conclusion is based on the geologist's observations?	Horse's reproduce using two parents.	Horse's became larger over time.	Smaller Horse's went extinct, and then larger Horse's formed.	Smaller Horse's are better suited to the environment than larger Horse's.	B
563	Mercury_7267820	Which of the following is a reason life in the outermost planets is less likely than life on planets nearer the Sun?	They have too little mass.	They have too much mass.	Their surfaces are extremely hot.	Their surfaces are extremely cold.	D
564	NCEOGA_2013_8_2	Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?	increasing atomic number from left to right	increasing number of neutrons from left to right	decreasing number of electrons from left to right	decreasing atomic mass number from left to right	A
565	Mercury_SC_408781	Nonrenewable sources of energy have limited supplies. Researchers are developing devices that will make renewable energy more available. Which is a source of renewable energy?	coal	gasoline	oil	wind	D
566	Mercury_7268100	Which of these living things in a grassland ecosystem depend on the presence of a variety of bacteria and other microorganisms in the soil?	worms only	green plants only	plants and animals only	all the organisms in the ecosystem	D
567	Mercury_7136080	An ecosystem is a community of organisms interacting with their physical environment. Why are decomposers an important part of ecosystems?	They break down dead organisms to return nutrients to the soil.	They produce their own food for survival.	They play a role in preventing weathering and erosion.	They provide most of the energy to consumers.	A
568	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_26	Which term identifies a group of cells that work together to perform a similar function?	molecule	organ	organism	tissue	D
569	Mercury_7015873	Which of these statements is not considered part of the Big Bang Theory?	The universe is expanding.	The universe never changes.	The universe began in a hot, dense state.	The universe began at a single point and time.	B
570	Mercury_7194338	Cells in the body use oxygen (O2) for cellular respiration. Which is the result of cellular respiration?	ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released.	ATP is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released.	ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed.	ATP is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed.	A
571	Mercury_7068548	Which geologic process is absent from the Gulf Coast states?	beach development	subduction zones	weathering	erosion	B
572	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_11	The human body gets the energy it needs for growth and repair directly from	soil	food	sunlight	water	B
573	Mercury_7085173	In what type of rock would a geologist most likely find evidence of ancient life?	sedimentary	foliated	metamorphic	volcanic	A
574	ACTAAP_2010_5_3	During the Apollo 14 moon landing, astronauts played golf on the moon. Which of the following would be less on the moon than on Earth?	The mass of the golf ball	The weight of the golf ball	The mass and size of the golf ball	The weight and size of the golf ball	B
575	Mercury_SC_400596	Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are all processes which occur in the	water cycle.	energy cycle.	carbon cycle.	nitrogen cycle.	A
576	AIMS_2009_4_10	Directions Read the information about wind erosion then answer the question. Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. Walter wanted to find out if faster wind speeds increased the amount of wind erosion. Which instrument should he use to measure wind speed?	anemometer	barometer	rain gauge	thermometer	A
577	CSZ_2008_5_CSZ10104	Where does oxygen-rich blood go after leaving the lungs?	the brain.	the heart.	the kidney.	the stomach.	B
578	MDSA_2008_5_1	Chemical pesticides are sometimes sprayed on crops to kill insects that eat the crops. People have different viewpoints about the use of pesticides on crops. What might be a concern about using pesticides on the crops?	Will the food ripen?	Will the food stay fresh?	Will the food harm humans?	Will the food harm bugs in the home?	C
579	Mercury_SC_405295	The number of fish in a lake suddenly increases. How will the increase most likely affect the lake?	There will be less water in the lake.	More plants will grow in the lake.	More frogs will live in the lake.	There will be fewer insects in the lake.	D
580	AKDE&ED_2012_8_24	Which statement correctly describes a relationship between two human body systems?	The digestive system absorbs nutrients which are transported by the nervous system.	The digestive system absorbs nutrients which are transported by the circulatory system.	The circulatory system exchanges gases which are transported by the nervous system.	The circulatory system exchanges gases which are transported by the digestive system.	B

481

Mercury_7228480

Which part of a DNA molecule represents encoded information?

phosphate

sugar

guanine

hydrogen bond

C

482

VASoL_2011_5_4

Early scientists most likely saw a discharge of electricity for the first time when observing a

waterfall

rainbow

lightning storm

volcano erupting

C

483

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_34

In humans, the amount of sugar in blood is controlled by the release of a hormone called insulin. This process is an example of

depletion

digestion

regulation

excretion

C

484

MCAS_1999_8_21

It is necessary to add a day to the calendar every four years because

the axis of Earth is tilted.

the gravitational pull of the Sun affects Earth's revolution.

the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.

the Moon crosses the orbit of the Sun every 28 days.

C

485

Mercury_SC_400141

Which tool would be best to measure the length of a butterfly?

triple beam balance

graduated cylinder

metric ruler

thermometer

C

486

Mercury_SC_405001

Scientists invented a liquid that removes grease and keeps the skin soft. How could this discovery most likely be used?

to improve dish soap

to cure a disease

to make clothes

to grow plants

A

487

Mercury_SC_415388

The first step in the water cycle is evaporation. What gives water the energy to evaporate?

Sun

wind

clouds

waves

A

488

AKDE&ED_2008_4_10

On a warm sunny afternoon, ocean water splashed onto a rock. A short time later, the rock was dry. Which statement best explains what happened to the water on the rock?

Heat caused the water to become a gas.

Heat melted the water and it disappeared.

Salt caused the water to become a gas.

Salt melted the water and it disappeared.

A

489

ACTAAP_2007_7_29

Which is a nonrenewable natural resource that is used to make electrical energy?

coal

wind

water

thermal

A

490

Mercury_7239785

Which process initiates the passage of half of a parent's DNA to offspring?

meiosis

mitosis

fertilization

differentiation

A

491

Mercury_SC_411884

Which resource provides the minerals plants need to grow?

sunlight

water

soil

air

C

492

LEAP_2011_4_10297

At what time on a sunny day will the shadow of the school's flagpole be the shortest?

sunrise

noon

mid-afternoon

sunset

B

493

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_11

Animals get energy for growth and repair from

soil

food

water

air

B

494

Mercury_SC_401356

A flower produces seeds that fall to the ground and grow into new plants that produce more flowers. The seeds begin to grow by the process of

fertilization.

germination.

maturation.

pollination.

B

495

Mercury_182035

A rock has most likely traveled a long distance from its place of origin if it is

very small.

rounded and smooth.

partially faded.

rough and dense.

B

496

Mercury_7092383

Which of the following best explains why the tectonic plates of Earth move?

conduction from solar heating

heat convection from the mantle

global winds

ocean currents

B

497

Mercury_7137813

Over a long period of time, a rocky volcanic island that previously did not support any form of life got transformed into a dense forested region. Which of these species is most likely to have been the pioneer species that initiated this transformation?

ferns

grasses

lichens

mushrooms

C

498

Mercury_SC_400129

The formation of coal deposits occurred over millions of years. Which feature was most responsible for these deposits?

barren deserts

active volcanoes

mountains covered in trees

swamps with dense vegetation

D

499

Mercury_7164500

A teacher is performing a demonstration about static electricity for his class by rubbing a balloon against a wool sweater. The balloon sticks to the wool sweater. Which particles are exchanged during the demonstration?

atoms

protons

neutrons

electrons

D

500

Mercury_404951

After a race, a newspaper lists the names of the five fastest runners. Another method that could be used to identify the five fastest runners is to make a chart that shows the

average of the speeds of the runners.

total distance for each runner.

time it took each runner to run the race.

percentage of the runners who finished the race.

C

501

LEAP__7_10353

A scientist plans to investigate the nervous system of sea slugs. What should the scientist do first?

Develop a theory about sea slugs that can be tested.

Go to the ocean to observe the behavior of sea slugs.

Obtain several sea slugs and conduct experiments with them.

Review the research other scientists have done on sea slugs.

D

502

Mercury_7182193

Natural selection is a mechanism that acts on individuals within a population. Which is a result of the process of natural selection?

The reproductive rate of the population decreases.

Genetic similarity within the population increases.

Organisms are better adapted to their environment.

Adverse changes to the environment become more frequent.

C

503

Mercury_415543

What chemical symbol represents the element iron?

Fe

I

Ir

Pb

A

504

Mercury_SC_LBS10909

A push or a pull on an object is an example of

force.

weight.

energy.

work.

A

505

AIMS_2009_4_30

Which statement is a description of weather?

Summers in Tucson are hot and dry.

Winters in Flagstaff are cold and snowy.

The temperature is 55° F in Winslow today.

The Sun will set in Yuma today at 6:45 p.m.

C

506

MCAS_2015_5_9

Clouds and precipitation moved across western Massachusetts one evening. The temperature changed from 41°F to 28°F. Which of the following changes in precipitation most likely occurred on this evening?

sleet changing to hail

snow changing to rain

rain changing to sleet

snow changing to hail

C

507

Mercury_7024973

The human body has an average, normal temperature of about 98.6ºF. To keep the core body temperature from becoming too high, the brain sends a signal to the body to

decrease sugar levels in the blood.

increase sugar levels in the blood.

decrease blood flow to the skin.

increase blood flow to the skin.

D

508

Mercury_SC_408539

Why is water considered to be a renewable resource?

Water can be used over again.

Water can be found all over Earth.

Water can dissolve other substances.

Water is needed by organisms to stay alive.

A

509

Mercury_7017833

What is the most prominent land feature formed by the convergence of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates?

China

Australia

Ural Mountains

Himalaya Mountains

D

510

AIMS_2008_4_10

To which group does an animal belong if it lays eggs and has scales and gills?

amphibian

bird

fish

reptile

C

511

Mercury_SC_406744

What causes nighttime and daytime on Earth?

the Sun rotating on its axis

Earth rotating on its axis

Earth revolving around the Sun

the Moon revolving around Earth

B

512

Mercury_SC_417575

Which area is coldest?

rainforest

tundra

grassland

reef

B

513

Mercury_SC_401799

Which scientist is credited with using a telescope in the seventeenth century to discover the moons of Jupiter?

Galileo

Kepler

Einstein

Newton

A

514

Mercury_7217893

Which of these is a freshwater reservoir?

Gulf of Mexico

Pacific Ocean

Atlantic tidal basin

Antarctic polar ice

D

515

Mercury_7263113

In eukaryotic organisms, microtubules give cells structure, and microfilaments help the cell contract and move. Together, they combine to perform functions similar to what two human body systems?

the endocrine and skeletal systems

the circulatory and respiratory systems

the skeletal and muscular systems

the integumentary and excretory system

C

516

OHAT_2011_8_2

Which kind of rock is produced by deposition and cementation?

marble, a metamorphic rock

sandstone, a sedimentary rock

granite, an intrusive igneous rock

pumice, an extrusive igneous rock

B

517

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_2

Which characteristic is inherited rather than learned?

telling a story

saluting the flag

having blue eyes

riding a bicycle

C

518

ACTAAP_2013_7_3

Which biological process in mammals occurs largely due to cell division?

healing

respiration

decomposition

photosynthesis

A

519

MCAS_1998_8_18

Frame construction predominates in the New England area due to the abundance of

clay.

masonry.

wood.

steel.

C

520

Mercury_7207480

Which of these properties of water helps moderate the weather of coastal areas?

neutral pH

high specific heat

dissolves many substances

floats as a solid

B

521

Mercury_SC_400326

Birds eat non-camouflaged moths at a higher rate than they eat camouflaged moths. In which situation would birds eat the moths at the slowest rate?

dark moths in any environment

light moths in any environment

dark moths in a light environment

light moths in a light environment

D

522

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_14

During which process does a caterpillar become a butterfly?

fertilization

metamorphosis

asexual reproduction

biological adaptation

B

523

Mercury_7188983

Gregor Mendel cross-pollinated red and white snapdragon flowers. What information indicates that incomplete dominance was achieved?

The offspring had heterozygous alleles.

The offspring had a recessive allele.

The offspring were pink.

The offspring were red.

C

524

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_22

What is the major function of the human excretory system?

eliminate waste materials

respond to stimuli

break down food mechanically

absorb nutrients from food

A

525

TIMSS_2003_4_pg37

Yumiko gave some reasons why kettles and kitchen pans are often made of copper. Which reason is correct?

Copper is a good conductor of heat.

Copper is easy to melt.

Copper is difficult to shape.

Copper dissolves in hot water.

A

526

Mercury_7228253

In most animals, combinations of various tissues make up functional units called

epithelial cells.

organs.

organ systems.

populations.

B

527

AIMS_2009_4_18

How do the spines of a cactus help it survive?

Spines help the cactus get moisture.

Spines anchor the cactus in the ground.

Spines protect the cactus from animals.

Spines support the stems and branches of the cactus.

C

528

Mercury_7012565

Water enters a plant cell through the

cell wall.

chloroplasts.

mitochondria.

nucleus.

A

529

MCAS_1998_4_4

People are developing electric cars that would replace gasoline-burning cars. One major advantage of the electric car is that it

accelerates faster.

causes less pollution.

gives a smoother ride.

needs no battery.

B

530

NAEP_2000_8_S21+1

Which group of organisms would all be found living in a tropical rain forest?

Lizards, insects, cacti, kangaroos

Vines, palm trees, tree frogs, monkeys

Evergreens, moose, weasels, mink

Lichens, mosses, caribou, polar bears

B

531

Mercury_7217385

Which SI unit would be most appropriate for recording the length of a typical classroom?

gram

kilogram

meter

kilometer

C

532

Mercury_7069440

If two objects are two meters apart, which of these changes will increase the gravitational force between the two objects?

decreasing the mass of one object

decreasing the mass of both objects

moving the objects to one meter apart

moving the objects to three meters apart

C

533

Mercury_7056840

Which of these cell structures converts nutrients to energy for cell functions?

cell membrane

chloroplasts

mitochondria

endoplasmic reticulum

C

534

Mercury_7103268

Cumulonimbus clouds often form along cold fronts. Which type of weather is most likely to occur along a cold front?

moderate temperature with mild breezes

storms with hurricane winds

rain with possible severe thunderstorms

high temperatures with low winds

C

535

Mercury_SC_408894

An eagle is a bird that reproduces by laying its eggs in a dry nest. Which animal lays its eggs in a place most similar to the eagle?

amphibian

fish

mammal

reptile

D

536

Mercury_401993

The chemical formula for water is H_{2}O. What does the formula show about each element in the compound?

the number of valence electrons

the charge of the compound

the mass of protons in each atom

the number of atoms of each element

D

537

Mercury_400096

How far from Earth is an object that is 10 light years from Earth?

10,000 km

10,000,000 km

the distance light can travel in 10 years

ten times the distance from Earth to the Sun

C

538

Mercury_7213168

The oceans most influence global climate by

releasing heat to the atmosphere.

cooling bordering land masses.

providing continuous onshore winds.

removing water vapor from the atmosphere.

A

539

Mercury_7124163

A science class investigated the percentage of corn kernels that pop in bags of different brands of popcorn. Fifteen students tested three brands of popcorn each and reported their results to the class. Why did the teacher most likely have so many students report the results?

for more accurate results

for more student participation

to help simplify the procedure

to help explain the hypothesis

A

540

Mercury_7077630

The smallest part of an element that retains the properties of the element is the

proton.

nucleus.

electron.

atom.

D

541

Mercury_7037485

What is the composition of the nucleus of an atom?

ions and electrons

electrons and protons

protons and neutrons

neutrons and electrons

C

542

Mercury_SC_LBS11007

Which of these would best be shown as a 3-D model?

color spectrum

magnetic field

skeletal system

water cycle

C

543

Mercury_7064365

A root emerges from a seed because of the force of

water against the seed coat.

air pushing on the seed.

gravity on the seed.

soil pressing on the seed.

A

544

VASoL_2008_3_14

Which of these is the BEST reason to study weather?

To be prepared for storms

To learn how fossils are formed

To see changing phases of the Moon

To find ways for animals to live longer

A

545

MCAS_2005_9_3

A recycling plant manager needs to melt 1500 kg of scrap copper to sell to a wire manufacturer. The copper is at 15°C and its melting point is 1083°C. The copper has a specific heat of 385 J/kg x K. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of the copper to its melting point?

6.2 x 10^8 J

6.3 x 10^8 J

7.7 x 10^8 J

7.9 x 10^8 J

A

546

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_30

A decomposer is an organism that

preys on other animals

eats only plants

recycles nutrients

uses sunlight to make food

C

547

ACTAAP_2008_5_8

Which type of scientist would study the relationship between simple machines and energy?

chemist

biologist

physicist

geologist

C

548

VASoL_2007_3_34

The seeds of an oak come from the ___.

fruit

leaf

root

stem

A

549

MCAS_2007_8_5161

A manufacturer wants to produce a container for food storage that does not break easily and is airtight, inexpensive, and microwave-safe. Which of the following is the best material to use to make the container?

glass

metal

paper

plastic

D

550

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_30

When carbon and oxygen combine chemically, the mass of the product is

greater than the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen

equal to the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen

equal to the mass of the carbon

less than the mass of the carbon

B

551

Mercury_7217543

Juvenile diabetes is a disease caused by the body's inability to create insulin. The body's white blood cells attack the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. This type of disease is known as

a cardiovascular disease.

an infectious disease.

a digestive system disease.

an autoimmune disease.

D

552

Mercury_SC_413625

Which of these describes a property of all matter?

All matter gives off light.

All matter is attracted by magnets.

All matter is made of atoms.

All matter dissolves in water.

C

553

MCAS_2007_8_5186

Which of the following is a characteristic of all chemical changes?

A different state of matter is produced.

Some mass is converted to energy.

Some form of light is given off.

A new material is formed.

D

554

Mercury_7228498

What is the complementary base of adenine in DNA?

cytosine

thymine

guanine

uracil

B

555

CSZ_2009_8_CSZ30348

What is the density of a 64-g iron cube that displaces 8 mL of water?

512 g/mL

32 g/mL

8 g/mL

4 g/mL

C

556

Mercury_401315

What keeps Mars in orbit around the Sun?

friction

gravity

magnetism

solar power

B

557

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_29

Which material is primarily a mixture of weathered rock and organic matter?

minerals

soil

ocean water

seashells

B

558

CSZ_2005_5_CSZ10170

How do plants most commonly break large rocks into smaller pieces?

Plant leaves insulate surrounding rocks from extreme temperatures.

Plant roots grow into cracks in rocks.

Seeds from plants fall onto rocks and release acidic compounds.

Stems of plants surround and squeeze rocks.

B

559

Mercury_7212975

Which statement best describes the climate of Nevada?

Temperature at night dropped behind a cold front.

Wind increased during the day.

Humidity is low throughout every summer.

Air pressure increased gradually all week.

C

560

Mercury_7220920

What is the primary function of skin cells?

to deliver messages to the brain

to generate movement of muscles

to provide a physical barrier to the body

to produce carbohydrates for energy

C

561

MCAS_2004_5_3

Some plants grow only in specific places in the world. Some cacti, for example, grow only in deserts. Which of the following is most important in determining where a plant can grow and survive?

animals

climate

tides

wind

B

562

MEA_2013_8_17

A geologist found fossils of horse bones in different rock layers of a canyon. The fossils in the lower levels show shorter bones than those in the upper-level fossils. Which conclusion is based on the geologist's observations?

Horse's reproduce using two parents.

Horse's became larger over time.

Smaller Horse's went extinct, and then larger Horse's formed.

Smaller Horse's are better suited to the environment than larger Horse's.

B

563

Mercury_7267820

Which of the following is a reason life in the outermost planets is less likely than life on planets nearer the Sun?

They have too little mass.

They have too much mass.

Their surfaces are extremely hot.

Their surfaces are extremely cold.

D

564

NCEOGA_2013_8_2

Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?

increasing atomic number from left to right

increasing number of neutrons from left to right

decreasing number of electrons from left to right

decreasing atomic mass number from left to right

A

565

Mercury_SC_408781

Nonrenewable sources of energy have limited supplies. Researchers are developing devices that will make renewable energy more available. Which is a source of renewable energy?

coal

gasoline

oil

wind

D

566

Mercury_7268100

Which of these living things in a grassland ecosystem depend on the presence of a variety of bacteria and other microorganisms in the soil?

worms only

green plants only

plants and animals only

all the organisms in the ecosystem

D

567

Mercury_7136080

An ecosystem is a community of organisms interacting with their physical environment. Why are decomposers an important part of ecosystems?

They break down dead organisms to return nutrients to the soil.

They produce their own food for survival.

They play a role in preventing weathering and erosion.

They provide most of the energy to consumers.

A

568

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_26

Which term identifies a group of cells that work together to perform a similar function?

molecule

organ

organism

tissue

D

569

Mercury_7015873

Which of these statements is not considered part of the Big Bang Theory?

The universe is expanding.

The universe never changes.

The universe began in a hot, dense state.

The universe began at a single point and time.

B

570

Mercury_7194338

Cells in the body use oxygen (O2) for cellular respiration. Which is the result of cellular respiration?

ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released.

ATP is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released.

ATP is produced and carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed.

ATP is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed.

A

571

Mercury_7068548

Which geologic process is absent from the Gulf Coast states?

beach development

subduction zones

weathering

erosion

B

572

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_11

The human body gets the energy it needs for growth and repair directly from

soil

food

sunlight

water

B

573

Mercury_7085173

In what type of rock would a geologist most likely find evidence of ancient life?

sedimentary

foliated

metamorphic

volcanic

A

574

ACTAAP_2010_5_3

During the Apollo 14 moon landing, astronauts played golf on the moon. Which of the following would be less on the moon than on Earth?

The mass of the golf ball

The weight of the golf ball

The mass and size of the golf ball

The weight and size of the golf ball

B

575

Mercury_SC_400596

Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are all processes which occur in the

water cycle.

energy cycle.

carbon cycle.

nitrogen cycle.

A

576

AIMS_2009_4_10

Directions Read the information about wind erosion then answer the question. Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. Walter wanted to find out if faster wind speeds increased the amount of wind erosion. Which instrument should he use to measure wind speed?

anemometer

barometer

rain gauge

thermometer

A

577

CSZ_2008_5_CSZ10104

Where does oxygen-rich blood go after leaving the lungs?

the brain.

the heart.

the kidney.

the stomach.

B

578

MDSA_2008_5_1

Chemical pesticides are sometimes sprayed on crops to kill insects that eat the crops. People have different viewpoints about the use of pesticides on crops. What might be a concern about using pesticides on the crops?

Will the food ripen?

Will the food stay fresh?

Will the food harm humans?

Will the food harm bugs in the home?

C

579

Mercury_SC_405295

The number of fish in a lake suddenly increases. How will the increase most likely affect the lake?

There will be less water in the lake.

More plants will grow in the lake.

More frogs will live in the lake.

There will be fewer insects in the lake.

D

580

AKDE&ED_2012_8_24

Which statement correctly describes a relationship between two human body systems?

The digestive system absorbs nutrients which are transported by the nervous system.

The digestive system absorbs nutrients which are transported by the circulatory system.

The circulatory system exchanges gases which are transported by the nervous system.

The circulatory system exchanges gases which are transported by the digestive system.

B