dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
681	Mercury_7041318	Eye color in human beings is an	instinct.	acquired trait.	inherited trait.	environmentally influenced trait.	C
682	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_5	If a species is no longer able to reproduce, it will	adapt to its environment	become immune to disease	become extinct	increase its population	C
683	TIMSS_2003_4_pg28	Which of these is hottest?	The Earth	Mars	The Moon	The Sun	D
684	Mercury_7193095	In large industrial cities, the emissions from fossil fuels cause the atmosphere to change. Which process allows the atmosphere to change?	increased inorganic matter in soil	increased use of fertilizers on crops	increased buildup of greenhouse gases	increased rainfall rates near power plants	C
685	Mercury_7158848	Which is the most likely response of a human to an increase in temperature?	increasing the amount of perspiration	increasing waste elimination from the bladder	a reduction in the desire for liquids	a contraction in blood vessels in the skin	A
686	Mercury_7282100	An organism's traits are largely determined by the genetic makeup of its parents. A mutation in which kinds of cells in a parent could cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring?	sperm or egg	egg or nerve	nerve or muscle	muscle or sperm	A
687	AIMS_2009_4_7	Electricity to play your radio can be made using renewable or nonrenewable resources. Which of the following resources are renewable?	wind and oil	wind and sunlight	natural gas and oil	natural gas and coal	B
688	Mercury_SC_401200	The action of turning off the water while brushing teeth is an example of	recycling.	adaptation.	conservation.	resourcefulness.	C
689	Mercury_SC_401177	Which objects are the most useful for collecting data on the speed of a toy car?	microscope, computer, ruler	thermometer, calculator, magnet	stopwatch, calculator, meter stick	camera, digital recorder, safety goggles	C
690	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_37	Some microorganisms cause human disease. Other microorganisms are used in making cheese, yogurt, and bread. Based on this information, the relationship between humans and microorganisms can be	beneficial, only	harmful, only	beneficial or harmful	null	C
691	Mercury_SC_417676	Which of these objects is visible because it reflects light toward the eye?	burning candle	flashlight bulb	glowing campfire log	shiny metallic balloon	D
692	Mercury_400219	Which dog trait is a learned behavior?	blinking its eyes	scratching an itch	panting to cool off	jumping to catch a ball	D
693	Mercury_7037503	When an atom has a neutral charge, which particles within the atom have equal numbers?	electrons and neutrons	protons and electrons	neutrons and protons	ions and neutrons	B
694	VASoL_2009_3_33	A paper bag is ripped into pieces. Which of these BEST describes the pieces of the bag?	Stronger than the whole bag	Thicker than the whole bag	Smaller than the whole bag	Darker than the whole bag	C
695	Mercury_SC_406702	A lizard most likely would be protected from its enemies if it has which characteristic?	claws to catch prey	a long tail to climb trees	eyes that can see far distances	skin color that matches its habitat	D
696	Mercury_SC_401156	Copper is used in house wiring because it is	magnetic.	an insulator.	an electrical conductor.	hard to bend into new shapes.	C
697	Mercury_SC_400602	Which process causes light to bend and form a rainbow?	frequency	resonance	refraction	reflection	C
698	MCAS_2008_8_5713	Sugar is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar is an example of which of the following?	an atom	a compound	an electron	a mixture	B
699	MCAS_2006_9_4-v1	The tendency of a stationary object to resist being put into motion is known as	acceleration.	inertia.	weight.	velocity.	B
700	Mercury_SC_402161	One way that students can help conserve natural resources at school is by	recycling aluminum cans.	emptying waste baskets.	wearing warmer clothes.	eating all of their lunch.	A
701	Mercury_SC_401769	The Grand Canyon is an example of	erosion.	deposition.	an earthquake.	volcanic activity.	A
702	Mercury_7271635	Humans cannot survive without clean, fresh water. Reservoirs of liquid water vary, but all water spends time as a gas in the atmosphere. What is the source of most of the water in the atmosphere?	lakes	oceans	rivers	glaciers	B
703	Mercury_SC_401230	When a frying pan is placed on an electric stove top, heat energy is transferred from the burner to the pan by	convection.	radiation.	conduction.	insulation.	C
704	Mercury_SC_402060	What happens when water flows over a rock for a long period of time?	erosion	flooding	breakage	evaporation	A
705	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_17	During winter, the white fur of an arctic fox blends in with the snow. This adaptation is called	hibernation	migration	camouflage	movement	C
706	Mercury_SC_409264	How has the invention of the personal computer helped people the most?	by replacing paper	by reducing pollution	by improving transportation	by increasing communication	D
707	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_22	Humans depend on which natural resource from the environment?	water	houses	electricity	roads	A
708	Mercury_7115325	The danger posed to fish in an aquarium by an overpopulation of bacteria caused by an algal bloom is most likely a	decrease in water temperature.	reduction in oxygen levels.	decrease in food supply.	removal of minerals.	B
709	MDSA_2007_4_4	Natural processes shape the surface of Earth. Most canyons are formed by ___.	ice	plants	steady winds	moving water	D
710	Mercury_SC_402033	What is the best way for a student to describe the results of an experiment?	in a diagram	in an oral report	in a written report	in a photo essay	C
711	CSZ20146	Which of the following is a living component of a desert in California?	low rainfall	hot temperature	polar bear	horned lizard	D
712	ACTAAP_2014_5_9	Scientists wonder how the Egyptian pyramids were built. They think that the huge blocks of stone may have been put into place by pushing them up a sloping pathway. The pathway is which type of simple machine?	lever	pulley	inclined plane	wheel and axle	C
713	Mercury_7186078	Magnesium strips are long, thin strips that are gray and shiny. Which action will lead to a chemical change of magnesium strips?	putting them in the freezer	burning them with a candle	cutting them into small pieces	mixing them with pieces of copper	B
714	Mercury_7263603	Which involves the greatest variety of cell types?	a tissue	an organ	an organ system	an organism	D
715	Mercury_SC_401191	Snapping a rubber band most likely produces which type of energy?	heat	light	sound	electrical	C
716	VASoL_2010_3_29	People can help keep a forest a good place for birds to live by	dumping garbage in a small part of the forest	building a road through the middle of the forest	burning dead trees to make smoke in the air	preventing too many trees from being cut down	D
717	Mercury_SC_416525	Randall is picking lettuce from his garden for dinner. His mother told him to leave some leaves on each plant. Why is it important to leave some leaves on the plant?	Leaves help the plant make food.	Leaves help the plant absorb water.	Leaves help the plant stand upright.	Leaves help the plant make seeds.	A
718	Mercury_7017063	A negatively-charged ion has	a heavier nucleus.	a greater atomic mass.	more electrons than protons.	more electrons than neutrons.	C
719	Mercury_7097878	Which statement explains what will most likely happen to the hydrosphere in an area where air temperatures increase?	Earthquake intensity will decrease.	Mountain formation will decrease.	Rock weathering will increase.	Evaporation will increase.	D
720	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_9	Which energy source is considered nonrenewable?	oil	moving water	sunlight	biomass	A
721	Mercury_7086030	When buried sediments are subjected to pressure, the mineral grains are squeezed together. What is the result of this action?	volcanoes	earthquakes	new rock is formed	layers rise to the surface	C
722	Mercury_SC_407380	What is the primary source of energy for organisms from a beach ecosystem?	sand	oxygen	the Sun	the ocean	C
723	Mercury_7183278	Before rock can become soil, it must undergo certain processes. One process in the formation of soil involves plants. How can plants chemically change rocks into soil?	They weather rocks with acid.	They strip the rocks of minerals.	They break rocks into small pieces.	They increase the density of the rocks.	A
724	Mercury_7004305	Which is the best way a science student can help to maintain laboratory equipment?	perform investigations using only new materials	throw away glass items after investigations are complete	clean up all materials and workspaces after investigations	eat in the laboratory only after investigations are complete	C
725	MCAS_2008_5_5638	Which of the following statements best explains why stars appear to move across Earth's sky each night?	Earth rotates on its axis.	The stars orbit each other.	Earth revolves around the Sun.	The stars rotate with the Moon.	A
726	Mercury_7214130	Researchers are developing new types of crop plants with desirable characteristics such as disease resistance and drought tolerance. Crossing plants so that the next generation will express desirable traits is best described as	selective breeding.	natural selection.	genetic engineering.	gene sequencing.	A
727	Mercury_7176173	In May 2007, wildfires burned more than 350 square miles of habitat in Florida and Georgia. Intense fires like this one can temporarily remove nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in area soil. What most likely happens in the burned areas until organic decay replenishes the lost nutrients?	Consumers take on the ecological role of producers.	Only secondary consumers obtain the resources they need.	The carrying capacity of the soil for plant growth is reduced.	The remaining organisms in the area become more territorial.	C
728	Mercury_7156520	Helen is preparing a presentation about objects in the solar system. She includes facts about the order of the planets and their distances from the Sun. Which statement could she include in an accurate presentation?	Mars is closer to the Sun than Earth.	Neptune is one light-year from the Sun.	Jupiter is farther from the Sun than Uranus.	Earth is one astronomical unit from the Sun.	D
729	Mercury_SC_408983	Farmers in the 1800s used axes to clear trees from farmland. Now, farmers use chainsaws to clear the trees. How do chainsaws most likely help farmers?	Farmers can cut different types of trees.	Farmers can remove more trees in less time.	Farmers can replant more trees in the fields.	Farmers can produce more products from the trees.	B
730	MEA_2014_8_3	What can a moving magnet in a coil of copper wire cause?	an electric current	friction on wheels	an increase in gravity	a decrease in heat	A
731	Mercury_7228183	A researcher determines a cell has a flexible cell wall composed of peptidoglycan. This observation narrows possible classifications of the cell to which taxonomic group?	archaea	bacteria	fungi	plants	B
732	Mercury_7181143	A student conducts an investigation using mold spores. In one part of the investigation, he needs to closely examine a spore sample. Which piece of equipment does the student need to use to keep mold spores from entering his respiratory system?	breathing mask	safety goggles	rubber gloves	lead smock	A
733	Mercury_7142170	Vultures are scavengers that most likely help ecosystems by quickly consuming dead organisms and	speeding up the process of decay.	taking nonliving matter from the environment.	slowing the spread of disease.	helping to distribute seeds.	C
734	Mercury_7222250	What is the process called when an acid and a base combine to produce water and salt?	neutralization	dilution	titration	physical reaction	A
735	Mercury_7201128	Amylase is a chemical that decomposes starch into maltose and dextrin. Which best describes the role of amylase in the human body?	as an inhibitor of insulin production	as an enzyme that aids in digestion	as a catalyst for protein synthesis	as a receptor of fatty acid chains	B
736	Mercury_7043925	Sound waves can pass through all of these except	air.	steel.	water.	a vacuum.	D
737	Mercury_SC_402041	Why is it important to repeat an experiment several times?	to use up all the materials	to give all the students the chance to participate	to collect more data to fit the hypothesis	to determine if the results are similar	D
738	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_4	Which force causes a marble to sink to the bottom of a glass of water?	gravity	friction	magnetism	electricity	A
739	OHAT_2009_5_3	A mosquito is a type of flying insect that lays eggs in puddles or small pools of water. When larvae develop from eggs, the larvae come to the surface to get air through special breathing tubes. After one to two weeks, the larvae become pupae and then turn into adults. How would a dry summer affect a mosquito population?	The mosquito larvae would take longer to become pupae.	The adult mosquitoes would have fewer places to lay eggs.	The adult mosquitoes would get fluids by feeding more often.	The mosquito larvae would use their breathing tubes to live on land.	B
740	Mercury_7223020	NASA's Kepler Mission has collected information about main-sequence stars with characteristics similar to the Sun. What is the most common color of these stars?	blue	white	red	yellow	D
741	Mercury_7263323	A fever is a response to a disease-causing agent infecting the body. Raising one's body temperature changes the shape of enzymes in the agent so it cannot reproduce. Which statement best describes a fever?	A fever is an internal response to an external stimulus.	A fever is an internal response to an internal stimulus.	A fever is an external response to an external stimulus.	A fever is an external response to an internal stimulus.	B
742	Mercury_408000	Two people are pushing a car. One person is pushing with a force of 450 N and the other person is pushing with a force of 300 N. What information is needed to determine the net force applied to the car by the people?	the direction of the road	the direction of the forces	the weight of the two people	the weight of the automobile	B
743	Mercury_7228410	A student proposes the rate of increase in a plant's mass will be proportional to the length of light exposure per day when all other variables are constant. How should this proposal be classified?	as a hypothesis	as a conclusion	as a theory	as a statement	A
744	Mercury_7214515	Approximately how many times will Earth rotate during one revolution around the Sun?	1	28	365	1440	C
745	VASoL_2007_5_35	A shiny aluminum screen can be placed on the windshield of a parked car. This screen helps to keep the car cool because it	reflects the sunlight	absorbs heat	causes evaporation	conducts electricity	A
746	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_19	Which property of an object can be described as smooth?	color	odor	size	texture	D
747	Mercury_7189350	During photosynthesis, plants absorb light energy from the Sun and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Which compounds combine in the presence of sunlight to form glucose?	carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2)	oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)	carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)	oxygen (O2) and water (H2O)	C
748	Mercury_7228235	A researcher is viewing a cell that has cell walls. To best narrow down the taxonomic group from which the cell belongs, which question should a researcher ask?	What is the composition of the cell walls?	Is a cell membrane also present?	Can any substances pass through the cell walls?	Do the cell walls help the cell to survive?	A
749	Mercury_7239348	Which of the following best explains what will occur when a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of its environment?	The emigration rate will decrease.	The competition rate will decrease.	The birth rate will increase.	The death rate will increase.	D
750	Mercury_7206098	Oceans have many layers of sediments. These layers become compacted when they are buried under other layers of sediments. Which is most likely to happen to the deepest layers?	They will be squeezed out onto deltas.	They will recrystallize into new rock.	They will become part of Earth's outer core.	They will melt in magma chambers.	B
751	Mercury_SC_408918	The first microscopes were built in the 1600s. Microscopes have improved since then, but still perform the same job. How do microscopes most help scientists?	They make small objects easier to see.	They make distant objects appear closer.	They reduce the glare from shiny objects.	The improve the brightness of dim objects.	A
752	Mercury_SC_407724	What do plants take from the air that helps them make food?	oxygen	nitrogen	carbon dioxide	hydrogen peroxide	C
753	TIMSS_2003_8_pg24	When a person sees something, what carries the message from the eyes to the brain?	arteries	glands	muscles	nerves	D
754	Mercury_7220150	Which of the following is an abiotic factor that can influence the quantity of fish a pond can support?	availability of plants	concentration of bacteria	quality of water	number of consumers	C
755	Mercury_7044170	The islands in the mid-Pacific Ocean region were formed by	land subsidence.	deposition from currents.	wind and water erosion.	volcanic activity.	D
756	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_8	Which term identifies a single unit of hereditary information?	egg cell	sperm cell	nucleus	gene	D
757	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_15	A mother hen clucks loudly when danger is near and her chicks quickly gather around her. Which sense helps the chicks receive this warning about danger from their mother?	smell	taste	sight	sound	D
758	Mercury_SC_401194	Newly hatched turtles are easy prey for other animals. What is an important ability turtles have for better survival of their offspring?	to fight off predators	to produce a toxin that makes them taste bad	to lay hundreds of eggs so a few will survive	to dig a hole and hide from predators	C
759	Mercury_7187023	Mr. Mendoza's class studied different body systems. What is an important function of the circulatory system?	providing structural support to muscles	carrying oxygen to cells	getting energy from food	sending messages to the brain	B
760	Mercury_SC_413533	Which example shows a new substance being formed?	a candle burning	a shoelace being tied	a pipe being cut in half	a block of ice melting	A
761	MEA_2016_8_7	What do all mammals have in common that distinguishes them from birds?	eyes	fur	a brain	a heart	B
762	Mercury_SC_400852	Grooves running down the sides of a riverbank are most likely caused by	wind.	rocks.	leaves.	rainwater.	D
763	MCAS_2013_5_29399	Which of the following best describes a mineral?	a solid natural material with a crystal structure	a material that was once living but has decayed	a liquid chemical used to make soil more fertile	a nutrient produced by plants that other organisms need	A
764	Mercury_SC_409569	Plankton are tiny ocean organisms. The role of one type of plankton is to use the energy from the Sun to produce food that other animals eat. Which organism has the same role in the ocean as this type of plankton?	seaweed	turtle	dolphin	crab	A
765	Mercury_7043698	How many times does the Moon rotate on its axis during a lunar month?	one	two	three	four	A
766	Mercury_7186585	Changes to abiotic factors in an environment can impact biotic factors. Which statement is the BEST example of this situation?	Heavy rainfall increases soil erosion.	Melting glaciers cause sea levels to rise.	Cold temperatures cause rocks to weather.	Drought conditions increase competition among consumers.	D
767	Mercury_7207200	There are several different types of rock. Each type of rock is formed under different conditions. How are sedimentary rocks, such as shale and sandstone, formed?	Particles are heated by the Sun.	Particles are melted together by magma.	Particles are compressed into layers.	Particles are changed into liquids.	C
768	Mercury_7216178	Which disease is correctly paired with the cause of the disease?	athlete's foot - fungi	malaria - viruses	influenza - bacteria	pneumonia - protists	A
769	Mercury_7228760	Unequal distribution of the hormone auxin in plants helps to regulate the direction of plant growth. Which of the following is accomplished by plants in regulating the distribution of auxin?	pollination of flowers	transportation of nutrients	discouraging predation	responding to the environment	D
770	NCEOGA_2013_8_31	Ten people became sick with the flu after attending a school dance. What is the scenario that could best explain how the people got sick?	contact with environmental sources	contact with an infected animal	contact with a contaminated object	contact with an infected person	D
771	Mercury_SC_LBS10264	One way to protect against food poisoning is to	cook food to proper temperatures.	combine different types of food.	store food in glass containers.	defrost meat slowly on the counter.	A
772	Mercury_7003430	Which statement is a MAJOR mistake in the experimental design?	A control group was not used.	The same type of pot and soil was used.	Each plant received the same amount of water.	Too much data will be collected in three weeks.	A
773	Mercury_SC_406050	Which effect do rapidly cooling temperatures have on the water cycle?	Water droplets evaporate into vapor.	Water vapor condenses into droplets.	Condensation evaporates into precipitation.	Precipitation condenses into water droplets.	B
774	MCAS_2006_8_16	A researcher found shark fossils on top of a mountain. This evidence suggests which of the following about this region?	It was once below a waterfall.	It was once part of a riverbed.	It was once covered by an ocean.	It was once near a freshwater lake.	C
775	Mercury_LBS10959	A student is measuring the distance a car travels down a ramp using yards. Which measurement is most similar in length when using the metric system of measurement?	centimeter	kilometer	millimeter	meter	D
776	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_14	A marble is dropped in a glass of water. Which force pulls the marble to the bottom of the glass?	electricity	friction	gravity	magnetism	C
777	Mercury_7027300	Which scientist formulated rules that describe the observable relationships of plant traits to the traits of the ancestor plants?	Linus Pauling	Gregor Mendel	James Watson	Albert Einstein	B
778	Mercury_SC_LBS10923	The invention of the telescope allowed which of the following to take place?	the discovery of cells	the identification of weather patterns	detailed observation of planets	communication between distant cities	C
779	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_7	Which instrument should a student use to measure exactly 10 milliliters (mL) of water?	graduated cylinder	pan balance	ruler	thermometer	A
780	TIMSS_2011_8_pg24	A gas is heated and its temperature increases. What happens to the gas molecules?	They get bigger.	They move faster.	They move slower.	They increase in number.	B

681

Mercury_7041318

Eye color in human beings is an

instinct.

acquired trait.

inherited trait.

environmentally influenced trait.

C

682

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_5

If a species is no longer able to reproduce, it will

adapt to its environment

become immune to disease

become extinct

increase its population

C

683

TIMSS_2003_4_pg28

Which of these is hottest?

The Earth

Mars

The Moon

The Sun

D

684

Mercury_7193095

In large industrial cities, the emissions from fossil fuels cause the atmosphere to change. Which process allows the atmosphere to change?

increased inorganic matter in soil

increased use of fertilizers on crops

increased buildup of greenhouse gases

increased rainfall rates near power plants

C

685

Mercury_7158848

Which is the most likely response of a human to an increase in temperature?

increasing the amount of perspiration

increasing waste elimination from the bladder

a reduction in the desire for liquids

a contraction in blood vessels in the skin

A

686

Mercury_7282100

An organism's traits are largely determined by the genetic makeup of its parents. A mutation in which kinds of cells in a parent could cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring?

sperm or egg

egg or nerve

nerve or muscle

muscle or sperm

A

687

AIMS_2009_4_7

Electricity to play your radio can be made using renewable or nonrenewable resources. Which of the following resources are renewable?

wind and oil

wind and sunlight

natural gas and oil

natural gas and coal

B

688

Mercury_SC_401200

The action of turning off the water while brushing teeth is an example of

recycling.

adaptation.

conservation.

resourcefulness.

C

689

Mercury_SC_401177

Which objects are the most useful for collecting data on the speed of a toy car?

microscope, computer, ruler

thermometer, calculator, magnet

stopwatch, calculator, meter stick

camera, digital recorder, safety goggles

C

690

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_37

Some microorganisms cause human disease. Other microorganisms are used in making cheese, yogurt, and bread. Based on this information, the relationship between humans and microorganisms can be

beneficial, only

harmful, only

beneficial or harmful

null

C

691

Mercury_SC_417676

Which of these objects is visible because it reflects light toward the eye?

burning candle

flashlight bulb

glowing campfire log

shiny metallic balloon

D

692

Mercury_400219

Which dog trait is a learned behavior?

blinking its eyes

scratching an itch

panting to cool off

jumping to catch a ball

D

693

Mercury_7037503

When an atom has a neutral charge, which particles within the atom have equal numbers?

electrons and neutrons

protons and electrons

neutrons and protons

ions and neutrons

B

694

VASoL_2009_3_33

A paper bag is ripped into pieces. Which of these BEST describes the pieces of the bag?

Stronger than the whole bag

Thicker than the whole bag

Smaller than the whole bag

Darker than the whole bag

C

695

Mercury_SC_406702

A lizard most likely would be protected from its enemies if it has which characteristic?

claws to catch prey

a long tail to climb trees

eyes that can see far distances

skin color that matches its habitat

D

696

Mercury_SC_401156

Copper is used in house wiring because it is

magnetic.

an insulator.

an electrical conductor.

hard to bend into new shapes.

C

697

Mercury_SC_400602

Which process causes light to bend and form a rainbow?

frequency

resonance

refraction

reflection

C

698

MCAS_2008_8_5713

Sugar is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar is an example of which of the following?

an atom

a compound

an electron

a mixture

B

699

MCAS_2006_9_4-v1

The tendency of a stationary object to resist being put into motion is known as

acceleration.

inertia.

weight.

velocity.

B

700

Mercury_SC_402161

One way that students can help conserve natural resources at school is by

recycling aluminum cans.

emptying waste baskets.

wearing warmer clothes.

eating all of their lunch.

A

701

Mercury_SC_401769

The Grand Canyon is an example of

erosion.

deposition.

an earthquake.

volcanic activity.

A

702

Mercury_7271635

Humans cannot survive without clean, fresh water. Reservoirs of liquid water vary, but all water spends time as a gas in the atmosphere. What is the source of most of the water in the atmosphere?

lakes

oceans

rivers

glaciers

B

703

Mercury_SC_401230

When a frying pan is placed on an electric stove top, heat energy is transferred from the burner to the pan by

convection.

radiation.

conduction.

insulation.

C

704

Mercury_SC_402060

What happens when water flows over a rock for a long period of time?

erosion

flooding

breakage

evaporation

A

705

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_17

During winter, the white fur of an arctic fox blends in with the snow. This adaptation is called

hibernation

migration

camouflage

movement

C

706

Mercury_SC_409264

How has the invention of the personal computer helped people the most?

by replacing paper

by reducing pollution

by improving transportation

by increasing communication

D

707

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_22

Humans depend on which natural resource from the environment?

water

houses

electricity

roads

A

708

Mercury_7115325

The danger posed to fish in an aquarium by an overpopulation of bacteria caused by an algal bloom is most likely a

decrease in water temperature.

reduction in oxygen levels.

decrease in food supply.

removal of minerals.

B

709

MDSA_2007_4_4

Natural processes shape the surface of Earth. Most canyons are formed by ___.

ice

plants

steady winds

moving water

D

710

Mercury_SC_402033

What is the best way for a student to describe the results of an experiment?

in a diagram

in an oral report

in a written report

in a photo essay

C

711

CSZ20146

Which of the following is a living component of a desert in California?

low rainfall

hot temperature

polar bear

horned lizard

D

712

ACTAAP_2014_5_9

Scientists wonder how the Egyptian pyramids were built. They think that the huge blocks of stone may have been put into place by pushing them up a sloping pathway. The pathway is which type of simple machine?

lever

pulley

inclined plane

wheel and axle

C

713

Mercury_7186078

Magnesium strips are long, thin strips that are gray and shiny. Which action will lead to a chemical change of magnesium strips?

putting them in the freezer

burning them with a candle

cutting them into small pieces

mixing them with pieces of copper

B

714

Mercury_7263603

Which involves the greatest variety of cell types?

a tissue

an organ

an organ system

an organism

D

715

Mercury_SC_401191

Snapping a rubber band most likely produces which type of energy?

heat

light

sound

electrical

C

716

VASoL_2010_3_29

People can help keep a forest a good place for birds to live by

dumping garbage in a small part of the forest

building a road through the middle of the forest

burning dead trees to make smoke in the air

preventing too many trees from being cut down

D

717

Mercury_SC_416525

Randall is picking lettuce from his garden for dinner. His mother told him to leave some leaves on each plant. Why is it important to leave some leaves on the plant?

Leaves help the plant make food.

Leaves help the plant absorb water.

Leaves help the plant stand upright.

Leaves help the plant make seeds.

A

718

Mercury_7017063

A negatively-charged ion has

a heavier nucleus.

a greater atomic mass.

more electrons than protons.

more electrons than neutrons.

C

719

Mercury_7097878

Which statement explains what will most likely happen to the hydrosphere in an area where air temperatures increase?

Earthquake intensity will decrease.

Mountain formation will decrease.

Rock weathering will increase.

Evaporation will increase.

D

720

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_9

Which energy source is considered nonrenewable?

oil

moving water

sunlight

biomass

A

721

Mercury_7086030

When buried sediments are subjected to pressure, the mineral grains are squeezed together. What is the result of this action?

volcanoes

earthquakes

new rock is formed

layers rise to the surface

C

722

Mercury_SC_407380

What is the primary source of energy for organisms from a beach ecosystem?

sand

oxygen

the Sun

the ocean

C

723

Mercury_7183278

Before rock can become soil, it must undergo certain processes. One process in the formation of soil involves plants. How can plants chemically change rocks into soil?

They weather rocks with acid.

They strip the rocks of minerals.

They break rocks into small pieces.

They increase the density of the rocks.

A

724

Mercury_7004305

Which is the best way a science student can help to maintain laboratory equipment?

perform investigations using only new materials

throw away glass items after investigations are complete

clean up all materials and workspaces after investigations

eat in the laboratory only after investigations are complete

C

725

MCAS_2008_5_5638

Which of the following statements best explains why stars appear to move across Earth's sky each night?

Earth rotates on its axis.

The stars orbit each other.

Earth revolves around the Sun.

The stars rotate with the Moon.

A

726

Mercury_7214130

Researchers are developing new types of crop plants with desirable characteristics such as disease resistance and drought tolerance. Crossing plants so that the next generation will express desirable traits is best described as

selective breeding.

natural selection.

genetic engineering.

gene sequencing.

A

727

Mercury_7176173

In May 2007, wildfires burned more than 350 square miles of habitat in Florida and Georgia. Intense fires like this one can temporarily remove nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in area soil. What most likely happens in the burned areas until organic decay replenishes the lost nutrients?

Consumers take on the ecological role of producers.

Only secondary consumers obtain the resources they need.

The carrying capacity of the soil for plant growth is reduced.

The remaining organisms in the area become more territorial.

C

728

Mercury_7156520

Helen is preparing a presentation about objects in the solar system. She includes facts about the order of the planets and their distances from the Sun. Which statement could she include in an accurate presentation?

Mars is closer to the Sun than Earth.

Neptune is one light-year from the Sun.

Jupiter is farther from the Sun than Uranus.

Earth is one astronomical unit from the Sun.

D

729

Mercury_SC_408983

Farmers in the 1800s used axes to clear trees from farmland. Now, farmers use chainsaws to clear the trees. How do chainsaws most likely help farmers?

Farmers can cut different types of trees.

Farmers can remove more trees in less time.

Farmers can replant more trees in the fields.

Farmers can produce more products from the trees.

B

730

MEA_2014_8_3

What can a moving magnet in a coil of copper wire cause?

an electric current

friction on wheels

an increase in gravity

a decrease in heat

A

731

Mercury_7228183

A researcher determines a cell has a flexible cell wall composed of peptidoglycan. This observation narrows possible classifications of the cell to which taxonomic group?

archaea

bacteria

fungi

plants

B

732

Mercury_7181143

A student conducts an investigation using mold spores. In one part of the investigation, he needs to closely examine a spore sample. Which piece of equipment does the student need to use to keep mold spores from entering his respiratory system?

breathing mask

safety goggles

rubber gloves

lead smock

A

733

Mercury_7142170

Vultures are scavengers that most likely help ecosystems by quickly consuming dead organisms and

speeding up the process of decay.

taking nonliving matter from the environment.

slowing the spread of disease.

helping to distribute seeds.

C

734

Mercury_7222250

What is the process called when an acid and a base combine to produce water and salt?

neutralization

dilution

titration

physical reaction

A

735

Mercury_7201128

Amylase is a chemical that decomposes starch into maltose and dextrin. Which best describes the role of amylase in the human body?

as an inhibitor of insulin production

as an enzyme that aids in digestion

as a catalyst for protein synthesis

as a receptor of fatty acid chains

B

736

Mercury_7043925

Sound waves can pass through all of these except

air.

steel.

water.

a vacuum.

D

737

Mercury_SC_402041

Why is it important to repeat an experiment several times?

to use up all the materials

to give all the students the chance to participate

to collect more data to fit the hypothesis

to determine if the results are similar

D

738

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_4

Which force causes a marble to sink to the bottom of a glass of water?

gravity

friction

magnetism

electricity

A

739

OHAT_2009_5_3

A mosquito is a type of flying insect that lays eggs in puddles or small pools of water. When larvae develop from eggs, the larvae come to the surface to get air through special breathing tubes. After one to two weeks, the larvae become pupae and then turn into adults. How would a dry summer affect a mosquito population?

The mosquito larvae would take longer to become pupae.

The adult mosquitoes would have fewer places to lay eggs.

The adult mosquitoes would get fluids by feeding more often.

The mosquito larvae would use their breathing tubes to live on land.

B

740

Mercury_7223020

NASA's Kepler Mission has collected information about main-sequence stars with characteristics similar to the Sun. What is the most common color of these stars?

blue

white

red

yellow

D

741

Mercury_7263323

A fever is a response to a disease-causing agent infecting the body. Raising one's body temperature changes the shape of enzymes in the agent so it cannot reproduce. Which statement best describes a fever?

A fever is an internal response to an external stimulus.

A fever is an internal response to an internal stimulus.

A fever is an external response to an external stimulus.

A fever is an external response to an internal stimulus.

B

742

Mercury_408000

Two people are pushing a car. One person is pushing with a force of 450 N and the other person is pushing with a force of 300 N. What information is needed to determine the net force applied to the car by the people?

the direction of the road

the direction of the forces

the weight of the two people

the weight of the automobile

B

743

Mercury_7228410

A student proposes the rate of increase in a plant's mass will be proportional to the length of light exposure per day when all other variables are constant. How should this proposal be classified?

as a hypothesis

as a conclusion

as a theory

as a statement

A

744

Mercury_7214515

Approximately how many times will Earth rotate during one revolution around the Sun?

1

28

365

1440

C

745

VASoL_2007_5_35

A shiny aluminum screen can be placed on the windshield of a parked car. This screen helps to keep the car cool because it

reflects the sunlight

absorbs heat

causes evaporation

conducts electricity

A

746

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_19

Which property of an object can be described as smooth?

color

odor

size

texture

D

747

Mercury_7189350

During photosynthesis, plants absorb light energy from the Sun and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Which compounds combine in the presence of sunlight to form glucose?

carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2)

oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)

carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)

oxygen (O2) and water (H2O)

C

748

Mercury_7228235

A researcher is viewing a cell that has cell walls. To best narrow down the taxonomic group from which the cell belongs, which question should a researcher ask?

What is the composition of the cell walls?

Is a cell membrane also present?

Can any substances pass through the cell walls?

Do the cell walls help the cell to survive?

A

749

Mercury_7239348

Which of the following best explains what will occur when a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of its environment?

The emigration rate will decrease.

The competition rate will decrease.

The birth rate will increase.

The death rate will increase.

D

750

Mercury_7206098

Oceans have many layers of sediments. These layers become compacted when they are buried under other layers of sediments. Which is most likely to happen to the deepest layers?

They will be squeezed out onto deltas.

They will recrystallize into new rock.

They will become part of Earth's outer core.

They will melt in magma chambers.

B

751

Mercury_SC_408918

The first microscopes were built in the 1600s. Microscopes have improved since then, but still perform the same job. How do microscopes most help scientists?

They make small objects easier to see.

They make distant objects appear closer.

They reduce the glare from shiny objects.

The improve the brightness of dim objects.

A

752

Mercury_SC_407724

What do plants take from the air that helps them make food?

oxygen

nitrogen

carbon dioxide

hydrogen peroxide

C

753

TIMSS_2003_8_pg24

When a person sees something, what carries the message from the eyes to the brain?

arteries

glands

muscles

nerves

D

754

Mercury_7220150

Which of the following is an abiotic factor that can influence the quantity of fish a pond can support?

availability of plants

concentration of bacteria

quality of water

number of consumers

C

755

Mercury_7044170

The islands in the mid-Pacific Ocean region were formed by

land subsidence.

deposition from currents.

wind and water erosion.

volcanic activity.

D

756

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_8

Which term identifies a single unit of hereditary information?

egg cell

sperm cell

nucleus

gene

D

757

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_15

A mother hen clucks loudly when danger is near and her chicks quickly gather around her. Which sense helps the chicks receive this warning about danger from their mother?

smell

taste

sight

sound

D

758

Mercury_SC_401194

Newly hatched turtles are easy prey for other animals. What is an important ability turtles have for better survival of their offspring?

to fight off predators

to produce a toxin that makes them taste bad

to lay hundreds of eggs so a few will survive

to dig a hole and hide from predators

C

759

Mercury_7187023

Mr. Mendoza's class studied different body systems. What is an important function of the circulatory system?

providing structural support to muscles

carrying oxygen to cells

getting energy from food

sending messages to the brain

B

760

Mercury_SC_413533

Which example shows a new substance being formed?

a candle burning

a shoelace being tied

a pipe being cut in half

a block of ice melting

A

761

MEA_2016_8_7

What do all mammals have in common that distinguishes them from birds?

eyes

fur

a brain

a heart

B

762

Mercury_SC_400852

Grooves running down the sides of a riverbank are most likely caused by

wind.

rocks.

leaves.

rainwater.

D

763

MCAS_2013_5_29399

Which of the following best describes a mineral?

a solid natural material with a crystal structure

a material that was once living but has decayed

a liquid chemical used to make soil more fertile

a nutrient produced by plants that other organisms need

A

764

Mercury_SC_409569

Plankton are tiny ocean organisms. The role of one type of plankton is to use the energy from the Sun to produce food that other animals eat. Which organism has the same role in the ocean as this type of plankton?

seaweed

turtle

dolphin

crab

A

765

Mercury_7043698

How many times does the Moon rotate on its axis during a lunar month?

one

two

three

four

A

766

Mercury_7186585

Changes to abiotic factors in an environment can impact biotic factors. Which statement is the BEST example of this situation?

Heavy rainfall increases soil erosion.

Melting glaciers cause sea levels to rise.

Cold temperatures cause rocks to weather.

Drought conditions increase competition among consumers.

D

767

Mercury_7207200

There are several different types of rock. Each type of rock is formed under different conditions. How are sedimentary rocks, such as shale and sandstone, formed?

Particles are heated by the Sun.

Particles are melted together by magma.

Particles are compressed into layers.

Particles are changed into liquids.

C

768

Mercury_7216178

Which disease is correctly paired with the cause of the disease?

athlete's foot - fungi

malaria - viruses

influenza - bacteria

pneumonia - protists

A

769

Mercury_7228760

Unequal distribution of the hormone auxin in plants helps to regulate the direction of plant growth. Which of the following is accomplished by plants in regulating the distribution of auxin?

pollination of flowers

transportation of nutrients

discouraging predation

responding to the environment

D

770

NCEOGA_2013_8_31

Ten people became sick with the flu after attending a school dance. What is the scenario that could best explain how the people got sick?

contact with environmental sources

contact with an infected animal

contact with a contaminated object

contact with an infected person

D

771

Mercury_SC_LBS10264

One way to protect against food poisoning is to

cook food to proper temperatures.

combine different types of food.

store food in glass containers.

defrost meat slowly on the counter.

A

772

Mercury_7003430

Which statement is a MAJOR mistake in the experimental design?

A control group was not used.

The same type of pot and soil was used.

Each plant received the same amount of water.

Too much data will be collected in three weeks.

A

773

Mercury_SC_406050

Which effect do rapidly cooling temperatures have on the water cycle?

Water droplets evaporate into vapor.

Water vapor condenses into droplets.

Condensation evaporates into precipitation.

Precipitation condenses into water droplets.

B

774

MCAS_2006_8_16

A researcher found shark fossils on top of a mountain. This evidence suggests which of the following about this region?

It was once below a waterfall.

It was once part of a riverbed.

It was once covered by an ocean.

It was once near a freshwater lake.

C

775

Mercury_LBS10959

A student is measuring the distance a car travels down a ramp using yards. Which measurement is most similar in length when using the metric system of measurement?

centimeter

kilometer

millimeter

meter

D

776

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_14

A marble is dropped in a glass of water. Which force pulls the marble to the bottom of the glass?

electricity

friction

gravity

magnetism

C

777

Mercury_7027300

Which scientist formulated rules that describe the observable relationships of plant traits to the traits of the ancestor plants?

Linus Pauling

Gregor Mendel

James Watson

Albert Einstein

B

778

Mercury_SC_LBS10923

The invention of the telescope allowed which of the following to take place?

the discovery of cells

the identification of weather patterns

detailed observation of planets

communication between distant cities

C

779

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_7

Which instrument should a student use to measure exactly 10 milliliters (mL) of water?

graduated cylinder

pan balance

ruler

thermometer

A

780

TIMSS_2011_8_pg24

A gas is heated and its temperature increases. What happens to the gas molecules?

They get bigger.

They move faster.

They move slower.

They increase in number.

B