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tensor network methods for quantum-inspired image processing and | classical | quantum dot | tensor network methods for quantum-inspired image processing and classical optics |
evaluation with a human-aligned gpt-judge and a user study with 108 students shows that 8b-scribe models achieve comparable or superior quality to much | larger | smaller models | evaluation with a human-aligned gpt-judge and a user study with 108 students shows that 8b-scribe models achieve comparable or superior quality to much larger models in key dimensions such as relevance and actionability while being perceived on par with gpt-4o and llama-3 |
through the judge s eyes inferred thinking | traces | llm raters | through the judge s eyes inferred thinking traces improve reliability of llm raters |
we further extend these analyses to two broad families of activation functions and deep feedforward architectures demonstrating that | abstract | neural networks | we further extend these analyses to two broad families of activation functions and deep feedforward architectures demonstrating that abstract representations naturally arise in all these scenarios |
in this paper we propose csi2q a novel csi fingerprinting system that | achieves | csi dataset | in this paper we propose csi2q a novel csi fingerprinting system that achieves comparable performance to iq-based approaches |
the effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through | simulations | multi-drone racing | the effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through simulations and real-world experiments with the crazyflie quadrotor |
reinforcement learning for pollution detection in a randomized sparse and | nonstationary | reinforcement learning rl | reinforcement learning for pollution detection in a randomized sparse and nonstationary environment with an autonomous underwater vehicle |
our work incorporates state-of-the-art innovations in all key aspects of the fault-tolerant quantum | computing | quantum coherence | our work incorporates state-of-the-art innovations in all key aspects of the fault-tolerant quantum computing ftqc stack to show how quantum computers could realistically and practically tackle co _2 utilization for green energy production |
we solve this by treating multinomial updates as independent square-root diffusions of zero drift yielding a closed-form | law | stochastic differential | we solve this by treating multinomial updates as independent square-root diffusions of zero drift yielding a closed-form law for the first-extinction time |
neural-network-based controllers nncs can represent complex highly nonlinear control laws but verifying the closed-loop | stability | data-driven stabilization | neural-network-based controllers nncs can represent complex highly nonlinear control laws but verifying the closed-loop stability of dynamical systems using them remains challenging |
our findings reveal that both the fermi level and the bi-isotropic response offer independent and complementary control parameters for tuning the strength of light--magnon coupling in ti afm heterostructures with potential implications for reconfigurable thz spintronic and | photonic | photonic circuits | our findings reveal that both the fermi level and the bi-isotropic response offer independent and complementary control parameters for tuning the strength of light--magnon coupling in ti afm heterostructures with potential implications for reconfigurable thz spintronic and photonic devices |
cross-lingual alignment cla aims to align | multilingual | multilingual data | cross-lingual alignment cla aims to align multilingual representations enabling large language models llms to seamlessly transfer knowledge across languages |
in this work we report momentum-resolved reflectivity measurements on | photonic | photonic devices | in this work we report momentum-resolved reflectivity measurements on photonic crystals that are periodic in two dimensions and homogeneous over a thickness of 5 mu m |
the tri-infrastructure methodology and 79-problem benchmark enable longitudinal tracking of | reasoning | reasoning curriculum | the tri-infrastructure methodology and 79-problem benchmark enable longitudinal tracking of reasoning capabilities as foundation models evolve |
using a simulation model based on the prisoner s dilemma and quantal response equilibrium we analyze how variations in these | learning | network structures | using a simulation model based on the prisoner s dilemma and quantal response equilibrium we analyze how variations in these learning rates affect the emergence of large-scale network structures |
to address this we propose a dual-conditioning framework that combines eeg embeddings with spatial saliency maps to | enhance | image generation | to address this we propose a dual-conditioning framework that combines eeg embeddings with spatial saliency maps to enhance image generation |
to solve these issues we propose a novel hybrid model of bph and he | distributions | distribution shift | to solve these issues we propose a novel hybrid model of bph and he distributions borrowing the most desirable features from each for enhanced approximation quality |
galaxy mergers trigger starburst activity and galactic outflows that enrich the | circumgalactic | galaxy cgm | galaxy mergers trigger starburst activity and galactic outflows that enrich the circumgalactic medium profoundly impacting galaxy evolution |
using a simulation model based on the prisoner s dilemma and quantal response equilibrium we analyze how variations in these | learning | scale-free networks | using a simulation model based on the prisoner s dilemma and quantal response equilibrium we analyze how variations in these learning rates affect the emergence of large-scale network structures |
by quantifying relevance through uncertainty the approach enables generalizable inference across tasks including generative inference | causal | causal inference | by quantifying relevance through uncertainty the approach enables generalizable inference across tasks including generative inference causal discovery anomaly detection and time series forecasting |
by rejecting foundationalist quests for a single essential definition of personhood this paper offers a more pragmatic and flexible way to think about integrating | ai | artificial intelligence | by rejecting foundationalist quests for a single essential definition of personhood this paper offers a more pragmatic and flexible way to think about integrating ai agents into our society |
interestingly for the trapped system a cat-like superposition state corresponds to maximum entanglement | entropy | multipartite entanglement | interestingly for the trapped system a cat-like superposition state corresponds to maximum entanglement entropy below the transition highlighting the relevance of the present model for studying the effect of decoherence on intra-particle entanglement in the context of quantum information processing |
this manifests in three critical challenges 1 inefficient unguided exploration 2 imprecise credit assignment due to overlooking pivotal states and 3 myopic planning caused by static | reward | reward density | this manifests in three critical challenges 1 inefficient unguided exploration 2 imprecise credit assignment due to overlooking pivotal states and 3 myopic planning caused by static reward discounting |
a tidal disruption event tde occurs when a star passes within the tidal radius of a | supermassive | black hole | a tidal disruption event tde occurs when a star passes within the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole smbh |
we introduce see4d a pose-free trajectory-to-camera framework that replaces explicit trajectory prediction with rendering to a bank of fixed virtual cameras thereby separating | camera | pose estimation | we introduce see4d a pose-free trajectory-to-camera framework that replaces explicit trajectory prediction with rendering to a bank of fixed virtual cameras thereby separating camera control from scene modeling |
reality distortion room rdr is a proof-of-concept augmented | reality | virtual reality | reality distortion room rdr is a proof-of-concept augmented reality system using projection mapping and unencumbered interaction with the microsoft roomalive system to study a user s locomotive response to visual effects that seemingly transform the physical room the user is in |
experiments demonstrate that asyncthink achieves 28 lower inference latency compared to parallel thinking while improving accuracy on | mathematical | reasoning tasks | experiments demonstrate that asyncthink achieves 28 lower inference latency compared to parallel thinking while improving accuracy on mathematical reasoning |
we extend these local convergence results to locally uniformly | convex | strongly convex | we extend these local convergence results to locally uniformly convex functions and fully adaptive methods which do not need knowledge of the lipschitz constant thus providing the first sharp local rates for ar p |
recent advances in visual question answering vqa have demonstrated impressive performance in natural image domains with models like llava leveraging large | language | vision-language models | recent advances in visual question answering vqa have demonstrated impressive performance in natural image domains with models like llava leveraging large language models llms for open-ended reasoning |
this features combined together prevent the use of the classical mild solution theory of | hjb | hjb equation | this features combined together prevent the use of the classical mild solution theory of hjb equation see e |
a famous conjecture of goemans on single-source unsplittable flows states that one can turn any fractional | flow | maximum flow | a famous conjecture of goemans on single-source unsplittable flows states that one can turn any fractional flow into an unsplittable one of no higher cost while increasing the load on any arc by at most the maximum demand |
identifying and addressing security issues during the | early | security issues | identifying and addressing security issues during the early phase of the development lifecycle is critical for mitigating the long-term negative impacts on software systems |
we aim at exploring the existence of a stellar mass-metallicity relation of bulges mz r and analyze the possible imprint of characteristics features by accretion and migration of | stars | bulge stars | we aim at exploring the existence of a stellar mass-metallicity relation of bulges mz r and analyze the possible imprint of characteristics features by accretion and migration of stars which could store information on their assembly histories |
for each input ccmp adaptively combines class-specific | prompts | prompt tuning | for each input ccmp adaptively combines class-specific prompts using weights derived from global class prototypes and client class priors |
keywords small language models factual grounding directed | reasoning | natural language | keywords small language models factual grounding directed reasoning fine-tuning model alignment cost-efficient ai |
the recently proposed core-kg framework addresses these limitations by integrating a type-aware | coreference | coreference resolution | the recently proposed core-kg framework addresses these limitations by integrating a type-aware coreference module and domain-guided structured prompts significantly reducing node duplication and legal noise |
qualitative changes in spontaneous emission decay as system | parameters | spontaneous emission | qualitative changes in spontaneous emission decay as system parameters are varied |
the cross dual encoder network comprises four essential components a global encoder a local | encoder | dual encoder | the cross dual encoder network comprises four essential components a global encoder a local encoder a symmetric cross-attention module and a flow-based decoder |
based on this reformulation we propose a single-loop first-order algorithm for linearly constrained bilevel | optimization | bilevel optimization | based on this reformulation we propose a single-loop first-order algorithm for linearly constrained bilevel optimization sflcb |
specifically to assess how well llms reason with normative modals we make a comparison between their reasoning with normative modals and their | reasoning | reasoning capabilities | specifically to assess how well llms reason with normative modals we make a comparison between their reasoning with normative modals and their reasoning with epistemic modals which share a common formal structure |
stacked intelligent surfaces sis are a promising technology for next-generation | wireless | reconfigurable intelligent surface | stacked intelligent surfaces sis are a promising technology for next-generation wireless systems offering an opportunity to enhance communication performance with low power consumption |
in the circumgalactic medium cgm and the intracluster medium icm it is expected that relativistic cosmic | rays | circumgalactic medium | in the circumgalactic medium cgm and the intracluster medium icm it is expected that relativistic cosmic rays collide with thermal particles and produce gamma -rays through pion decay |
large language models llms show strong potential to support creative | tasks | large language | large language models llms show strong potential to support creative tasks but the role of the interface design is poorly understood |
through hierarchical goal alignment task assignment and conflict resolution orchvis enables | humans | ai agents | through hierarchical goal alignment task assignment and conflict resolution orchvis enables humans to supervise complex multi-agent workflows without micromanaging each step |
the function f is assumed to be em r -decomposable meaning there exist m ge1 subsets v_1 dots v_m of v each with a cardinality at most r and a corresponding set of nonnegative supermodular | functions | monotone submodular | the function f is assumed to be em r -decomposable meaning there exist m ge1 subsets v_1 dots v_m of v each with a cardinality at most r and a corresponding set of nonnegative supermodular functions f_i 2 v_i rightarrow mathbb r _ i 1 ldots m such that f s sum_ i 1 m f_i s cap v_i holds for each s subseteq v |
to formalize this we extend the concept of data informativity by requiring the existence of a controller that stabilizes all systems consistent with the data and the | prior | prior knowledge | to formalize this we extend the concept of data informativity by requiring the existence of a controller that stabilizes all systems consistent with the data and the prior knowledge |
- for edge orientation problems we give a partial characterization of the problems that have a randomized complexity of omega log n and the problems that have a | randomized | randomized algorithm | - for edge orientation problems we give a partial characterization of the problems that have a randomized complexity of omega log n and the problems that have a randomized complexity of poly log log n |
our work not only reveals the key role of anisotropic epc in controlling the thermal and optical properties of tairte4 but also provides insights into designing polarization-sensitive optoelectronic | devices | photonic devices | our work not only reveals the key role of anisotropic epc in controlling the thermal and optical properties of tairte4 but also provides insights into designing polarization-sensitive optoelectronic devices based on topological semimetals |
however significant limitations remain mllms generalize poorly across digital-physical spaces and embodiments vision-language-action models vlas produce low-level actions yet lack robust high-level embodied reasoning and most embodied large | language | vision-language models | however significant limitations remain mllms generalize poorly across digital-physical spaces and embodiments vision-language-action models vlas produce low-level actions yet lack robust high-level embodied reasoning and most embodied large language models ellms are constrained to digital-space with poor generalization... |
the dataset is carefully constructed with temporal splits comprehensive | features | real-world datasets | the dataset is carefully constructed with temporal splits comprehensive features and strict leakage prevention to support realistic and reproducible machine learning evaluation |
to facilitate valid uncertainty quantification and hypothesis testing on matching decisions we further develop a general debiasing and projection framework for arbitrary linear forms of the | reward | reward models | to facilitate valid uncertainty quantification and hypothesis testing on matching decisions we further develop a general debiasing and projection framework for arbitrary linear forms of the reward matrix deriving asymptotic normality with finite-sample guarantees under matching-induced dependent sampling |
this note introduces a unified theory for | causal | causal inference | this note introduces a unified theory for causal inference that integrates riesz regression covariate balancing density-ratio estimation dre targeted maximum likelihood estimation tmle and the matching estimator in average treatment effect ate estimation |
communication impact is quantied by a capacity-motivated lower bound obtained from the linear minimum mean-squared error error covariance with a mismatched | channel | communication systems | communication impact is quantied by a capacity-motivated lower bound obtained from the linear minimum mean-squared error error covariance with a mismatched channel estimate |
the present study provides a pathway to enhance the ionic conductivity as well as understanding of microscopic conduction mechanism ionic conduction pathways and the role of crystal structure on the | ionic | ionic conduction | the present study provides a pathway to enhance the ionic conductivity as well as understanding of microscopic conduction mechanism ionic conduction pathways and the role of crystal structure on the ionic conduction |
our core innovations include 1 vision-language decoupling that moves conventional early vision and | language | vision-language-action vla | our core innovations include 1 vision-language decoupling that moves conventional early vision and language inputs fusion in vlm to late stage achieving better performance while enabling caching and reduce inference overhead and latency 2 long-short action chunking to ensure smooth coherent multi-step planning without ... |
drawing on recent research into the neural basis of visual awareness we propose that spatial simulation and perceptual experience depend on shared representational geometries captured by | higher-order | higher-order visual | drawing on recent research into the neural basis of visual awareness we propose that spatial simulation and perceptual experience depend on shared representational geometries captured by higher-order indices of perceptual relations |
our calculations show that the resulting kerr | rotation | kerr rotation | our calculations show that the resulting kerr rotation is due to the dc electric field modification of the optical conductivity within a couple of nanometers from the surface consistent with the dependence on the local mirror symmetry breaking at the surface |
in contrast imitation learning il is easy to train but often underperforms due to its | offline | imitation learning | in contrast imitation learning il is easy to train but often underperforms due to its offline nature |
these tasks are carried out using neural networks and the edge device | seeks | neural network | these tasks are carried out using neural networks and the edge device seeks to optimize inference performance under energy and delay constraints |
we ask the following fundamental question is there any application for which a | randomized | randomized algorithm | we ask the following fundamental question is there any application for which a randomized algorithm outperforms any deterministic rom algorithm |
however when deployed in real-world scenarios such solutions typically face scalability issues and have to address practical requirements such as full | access | real-world scenarios | however when deployed in real-world scenarios such solutions typically face scalability issues and have to address practical requirements such as full access to original datasets and model |
this corresponds to adaptive behavior in the population or through | governmental | adaptive immune | this corresponds to adaptive behavior in the population or through governmental non-pharmaceutical interventions |
to investigate the neural representations that emerge in these networks we develop an analytical framework that | maps | receptive fields | to investigate the neural representations that emerge in these networks we develop an analytical framework that maps the optimization over the network weights into a mean-field problem over the distribution of neural preactivations |
we show that if the system is controllable then incorporating this as prior knowledge does not relax the | conditions | linear control | we show that if the system is controllable then incorporating this as prior knowledge does not relax the conditions required for data-driven stabilization |
this framework can be applied to policy evaluation using the | panel | panel data | this framework can be applied to policy evaluation using the panel data approach pda where we further establish inference for the average treatment effect |
the key innovation lies in decoupling the joint optimization into two interleaved phases first updating 3d gaussian parameters via differentiable rendering with fixed poses and second refining camera poses using a customized 3d optical | flow | image fusion | the key innovation lies in decoupling the joint optimization into two interleaved phases first updating 3d gaussian parameters via differentiable rendering with fixed poses and second refining camera poses using a customized 3d optical flow algorithm that incorporates geometric and photometric constraints |
we find that despite surfacing errors different | language | language models | we find that despite surfacing errors different language models learn interchangeable representations of numbers that are systematic highly accurate and universal across their hidden states and the types of input contexts |
we consider theoretically the possibility of coexisting ferroelectric and metallic altermagnetic order which has recently been predicted in insulating and semiconducting systems via | ab | ab initio calculations | we consider theoretically the possibility of coexisting ferroelectric and metallic altermagnetic order which has recently been predicted in insulating and semiconducting systems via ab initio calculations |
the end of manual decoding towards truly end-to-end | language | large language models llms | the end of manual decoding towards truly end-to-end language models |
decomposing prediction uncertainty into its aleatoric irreducible and epistemic reducible components is critical for the development and deployment of | machine | debiased machine learning | decomposing prediction uncertainty into its aleatoric irreducible and epistemic reducible components is critical for the development and deployment of machine learning systems |
tunable colloidal synthesis enabling μ-arpes on | individual | colloidal synthesis | tunable colloidal synthesis enabling μ-arpes on individual two-dimensional bismuth nanocrystals |
for this recurrence time as well as for measures of clonal | diversity | phylogenetic diversity | for this recurrence time as well as for measures of clonal diversity and the size of the largest resistant clone at recurrence we derive corresponding law of large number limits |
finally our model shows that cost reduction methods are less effective at reducing | environmental | environmental change | finally our model shows that cost reduction methods are less effective at reducing environmental impact in prejudiced populations |
we propose an affective epidemiology framework showing that | collective | opinion dynamics | we propose an affective epidemiology framework showing that collective emotions are governed by network position and volatility rather than personality stability -- transforming how we understand emotional leadership in human systems |
conventional single-bus designs inevitably link the conditions for critical coupling a transmission zero and maximum intra-cavity power preventing independent control of these phenomena and restricting the ability to engineer | coupling | coupling regimes | conventional single-bus designs inevitably link the conditions for critical coupling a transmission zero and maximum intra-cavity power preventing independent control of these phenomena and restricting the ability to engineer coupling regimes and resonance lineshapes |
designing efficient quantum circuits is a central bottleneck to exploring the potential of quantum | computing | quantum channels | designing efficient quantum circuits is a central bottleneck to exploring the potential of quantum computing particularly for noisy intermediate-scale quantum nisq devices where circuit efficiency and resilience to errors are paramount |
our key idea is to decouple visual and linguistic adaptation by introducing two lightweight modules a domain classifier to identify the input image type and a dual adapter mechanism comprising a prompt adapter for language modulation and a visual | adapter | computer vision | our key idea is to decouple visual and linguistic adaptation by introducing two lightweight modules a domain classifier to identify the input image type and a dual adapter mechanism comprising a prompt adapter for language modulation and a visual adapter for vision feature adjustment |
hybrid dqn-td3 reinforcement learning for autonomous | navigation | obstacle avoidance | hybrid dqn-td3 reinforcement learning for autonomous navigation in dynamic environments |
in decode we grow galaxies with their sfr linked to halo accretion rate distributions via | abundance | stellar mass | in decode we grow galaxies with their sfr linked to halo accretion rate distributions via abundance matching |
while the parallel trends assumption is counterfactual and cannot be tested directly researchers often examine pre-treatment periods to check whether the time trends are | parallel | treatment effect boundaries | while the parallel trends assumption is counterfactual and cannot be tested directly researchers often examine pre-treatment periods to check whether the time trends are parallel before treatment is administered |
by introducing the twin concepts of reliability and precision along with the corresponding measures mainen and sejnowski s seminal 1995 paper reliability of spike timing in neocortical neurons mainen and sejnowski 1995 paved the way for a new kind of quantitative | spike | spike train | by introducing the twin concepts of reliability and precision along with the corresponding measures mainen and sejnowski s seminal 1995 paper reliability of spike timing in neocortical neurons mainen and sejnowski 1995 paved the way for a new kind of quantitative spike train analysis |
we introduce neural stochastic flows nsfs and their latent variants which directly learn latent sde transition laws using conditional normalising | flows | gradient flow | we introduce neural stochastic flows nsfs and their latent variants which directly learn latent sde transition laws using conditional normalising flows with architectural constraints that preserve properties inherited from stochastic flows |
free fall diffusion explosion and causal manual | actions | temporal understanding | free fall diffusion explosion and causal manual actions division addition that humans recognize almost instantly |
yet a location with lower habitat quality may play a major role in a | species | ecological interactions | yet a location with lower habitat quality may play a major role in a species spread if it acts as a bridge between regions that would otherwise be physically fragmented |
in addition the same physical process generates two independent random sequences with identical | entropy | entanglement entropy | in addition the same physical process generates two independent random sequences with identical entropy a private sequence used for secure applications and a public one enabling external statistical verification with zero mutual information between them |
we propose a bayesian variable selection method in the framework of modal regression for | heavy-tailed | variable selection | we propose a bayesian variable selection method in the framework of modal regression for heavy-tailed responses |
we study the fundamental question of how efficiently suffix array entries can be accessed when the | array | compressed indexing | we study the fundamental question of how efficiently suffix array entries can be accessed when the array cannot be stored explicitly |
multi-dataset joint pre-training of emotional | eeg | electroencephalography eeg | multi-dataset joint pre-training of emotional eeg enables generalizable affective computing |
through extensive experiments on eight benchmarks we demonstrate that autodeco not only significantly outperforms default | decoding | sparse autoencoders | through extensive experiments on eight benchmarks we demonstrate that autodeco not only significantly outperforms default decoding strategies but also achieves performance comparable to an oracle-tuned baseline derived from hacking the test set -a practical upper bound for any static method |
to this end we compare different representation extraction strategies and introduce two model-agnostic | embedding | language models | to this end we compare different representation extraction strategies and introduce two model-agnostic embedding augmentations |
we conjecture that similar behavior holds for other structured models including planted | problems | regular graphs | we conjecture that similar behavior holds for other structured models including planted problems in graphs |
however in realistic materials where disorder scattering also contributes to nonlinear | transport | transport properties | however in realistic materials where disorder scattering also contributes to nonlinear transport identifying the geometric mechanisms remains a challenge |
a limiting case of this scheme utilizing two pulses with identical gaussians envelopes and tuned delay and relative phase is also explored revealing experimentally accessible pathways for manipulating | quantum | quantum technologies | a limiting case of this scheme utilizing two pulses with identical gaussians envelopes and tuned delay and relative phase is also explored revealing experimentally accessible pathways for manipulating quantum coherence |
this effect exhibits a lower junction capacitance as compared to its injection counterparts leading to a higher electro-optic bandwidth although the effective | refractive | optical properties | this effect exhibits a lower junction capacitance as compared to its injection counterparts leading to a higher electro-optic bandwidth although the effective refractive index change is low |
the fused multimodal representation is input to a logistic regression model which is both | interpretable | predictive processing | the fused multimodal representation is input to a logistic regression model which is both interpretable and computationally efficient |
we develop an online algorithm and prove that it achieves a competitive ratio of max 2 min gamma 3 where gamma is the max min storage cost | ratio | competitive ratio | we develop an online algorithm and prove that it achieves a competitive ratio of max 2 min gamma 3 where gamma is the max min storage cost ratio among all servers |
the influence of the moving mass is described in body-frame and included as states in both an additional kinematic equation and as part of the coupled rigid-body kinetics of the | underwater | underwater vehicles | the influence of the moving mass is described in body-frame and included as states in both an additional kinematic equation and as part of the coupled rigid-body kinetics of the underwater vehicle |
by experimental results pvmark efficiently enables public verifiability on the state-of-the-art llm watermarking schemes yet without compromising the | watermarking | watermark detection | by experimental results pvmark efficiently enables public verifiability on the state-of-the-art llm watermarking schemes yet without compromising the watermarking performance promising to be deployed in practice |
neural networks nns offer fast surrogates yet their black-box behavior raises concerns about constraint | violations | soft constraints | neural networks nns offer fast surrogates yet their black-box behavior raises concerns about constraint violations that can compromise safety |
taking the u-net connectivity as a base of our framework we evaluate and compare several approaches to improve the segmentation model s architecture and training pipeline including pre-processing techniques encoder backbone | deep | deep learning | taking the u-net connectivity as a base of our framework we evaluate and compare several approaches to improve the segmentation model s architecture and training pipeline including pre-processing techniques encoder backbone deep network types of varying complexity and specialized loss functions to mitigate class imbala... |
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