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by presenting efficient numerical samplers which converge with optimal rate in terms of discretizations step we provide a comprehensive comparison of models based on confined specularly reflected kinetic langevin diffusion with models based on reflected | diffusion | diffusion models | by presenting efficient numerical samplers which converge with optimal rate in terms of discretizations step we provide a comprehensive comparison of models based on confined specularly reflected kinetic langevin diffusion with models based on reflected diffusion with local time |
24 96 pc the b-fields in the dusty and molecular outflows of arp 220 the closest 78 mpc ultra-luminous infrared galaxy hosting two interacting | nuclei | galactic disk | 24 96 pc the b-fields in the dusty and molecular outflows of arp 220 the closest 78 mpc ultra-luminous infrared galaxy hosting two interacting nuclei denoted as east and west |
this research provides an indication of potential advances in the exploration of all four fundamental aspects of tool usage enabling robots to master the intricate art of tool | manipulation | multi-robot collaboration | this research provides an indication of potential advances in the exploration of all four fundamental aspects of tool usage enabling robots to master the intricate art of tool manipulation across diverse tasks |
coherent control of quantum emitters is essential for | scalable | coherent control | coherent control of quantum emitters is essential for scalable quantum photonic technologies |
we outline a multi-phase research methodology focused on preparing re datasets fine-tuning ai models and designing collaborative | human-ai | artificial intelligence | we outline a multi-phase research methodology focused on preparing re datasets fine-tuning ai models and designing collaborative human-ai workflows |
in this paper we measure the m_ rm hi -m_ star relation based on a | stellar-mass | hi mass | in this paper we measure the m_ rm hi -m_ star relation based on a stellar-mass selected sample at 0 |
i develop a comprehensive theoretical framework for dynamic | spatial | treatment effect boundaries | i develop a comprehensive theoretical framework for dynamic spatial treatment effect boundaries using continuous functional definitions grounded in navier-stokes partial differential equations |
this completes the theoretical foundation of | compressed | compressed indexing | this completes the theoretical foundation of compressed indexing closing a crucial gap between upper and lower bounds and providing a clear target for future data structures seeking either the optimal time in the smallest space or the fastest time in the optimal space both of which are now known for central string quer... |
this gap has motivated growing efforts to design | collaborative | human-machine teaming | this gap has motivated growing efforts to design collaborative frameworks that combine the complementary strengths of humans and ai |
our results reveal how the limits of quantum | chaos | quantum coherence | our results reveal how the limits of quantum chaos constrain information preservation in thermalizing quantum systems |
2024 develops riesz regression for automatic | debiased | debiased machine | 2024 develops riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning which directly estimates the riesz representer or equivalently the bias-correction term by minimizing the mean squared error |
we implement a minimal sequence generator inspired by neurobiology and pair it with an actor-critic learner for | egocentric | recurrent neural | we implement a minimal sequence generator inspired by neurobiology and pair it with an actor-critic learner for egocentric visual navigation |
for this recurrence time as well as for measures of clonal diversity and the | size | population genetics | for this recurrence time as well as for measures of clonal diversity and the size of the largest resistant clone at recurrence we derive corresponding law of large number limits |
using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future | fmri | visual stimuli | using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future fmri experiments |
we demonstrate three key properties i self-organization of hierarchical latent dynamics that regulate task transitions capture variability in uncertainty and infer occluded states ii robustness to degraded vision through visuo-proprioceptive integration and iii asymmetric interference in multitask learning where the mo... | repositioning | working memory | we demonstrate three key properties i self-organization of hierarchical latent dynamics that regulate task transitions capture variability in uncertainty and infer occluded states ii robustness to degraded vision through visuo-proprioceptive integration and iii asymmetric interference in multitask learning where the mo... |
the attained sample complexities improve those of existing zeroth-order methods in the problem setting that allows nonconvexity and unboundedness of the | objective | objective function | the attained sample complexities improve those of existing zeroth-order methods in the problem setting that allows nonconvexity and unboundedness of the objective function |
through sed fitting we determine the luminosities of these | quasars | galactic nuclei | through sed fitting we determine the luminosities of these quasars and find that their dust torus sizes follow the established r_ dust -l_ agn relation reported in previous studies |
drawing substantial scientific inferences from the results say about theoretical tasks like image classification requires additional assumptions about the | theoretical | theoretical findings | drawing substantial scientific inferences from the results say about theoretical tasks like image classification requires additional assumptions about the theoretical structure of the learning problems evaluation functions and data distributions |
these subclumps exhibit parabolic morphologies consistent with ram-pressure-confined droplets with their heads tending to point toward the | galactic | massive galaxies | these subclumps exhibit parabolic morphologies consistent with ram-pressure-confined droplets with their heads tending to point toward the galactic plane |
we further introduce a locally linear treatment effects | assumption | treatment effect | we further introduce a locally linear treatment effects assumption which enhances the interpretability of the treatment effect derivative proposed by dong and lewbel |
6 thin films studied by xray reflectivity and hard | xray | x-ray diffraction | 6 thin films studied by xray reflectivity and hard xray photoemission |
rlmeval targets the evaluation of neural theorem proving and proof autoformalization on | challenging | reinforcement learning rl | rlmeval targets the evaluation of neural theorem proving and proof autoformalization on challenging research-level theorems by leveraging real lean blueprint formalization projects |
reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation | policies | learning agents | reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation policies but fine-tuning vision-language-action vla models with rl can be unstable due to inaccurate value estimates and sparse supervision at intermediate steps |
furthermore we provide several characterizations of this class including nonsmooth and differentiable cases and derive key properties that fa -ci -li -ta -te the implementation of | first-order | first-order methods | furthermore we provide several characterizations of this class including nonsmooth and differentiable cases and derive key properties that fa -ci -li -ta -te the implementation of first-order methods |
we use real data as well as numerical simulations to illustrate the performance of the | proposed | existing methods | we use real data as well as numerical simulations to illustrate the performance of the proposed methods |
assessing the effects of monetary shocks on | macroeconomic | monetary policy | assessing the effects of monetary shocks on macroeconomic stars a smuc-iv framework |
we show that for sparse plant spectra it is possible to reconstruct the continuous green vegetation | spectra | spectral range | we show that for sparse plant spectra it is possible to reconstruct the continuous green vegetation spectra with rmse less than 1 with as few as 25 leds |
while llms are able to identify key financial risk indicators their | feature | llm raters | while llms are able to identify key financial risk indicators their feature importance rankings diverge notably from lightgbm and their self-explanations often fail to align with empirical shap attributions |
we introduce the textbf boundless large model blm _1 a multimodal spatial foundation model that preserves instruction following and reasoning incorporates embodied knowledge and supports | robust | imitation learning | we introduce the textbf boundless large model blm _1 a multimodal spatial foundation model that preserves instruction following and reasoning incorporates embodied knowledge and supports robust cross-embodiment control |
galaxy mergers trigger starburst activity and | galactic | active galactic | galaxy mergers trigger starburst activity and galactic outflows that enrich the circumgalactic medium profoundly impacting galaxy evolution |
considering structured data with an underlying feature space of small dimension we show that maximizing the | mutual | brain decoding | considering structured data with an underlying feature space of small dimension we show that maximizing the mutual information implies i finding an appropriate projection space and ii building a neural representation with the appropriate metric |
through comprehensive experimentation across six diverse tasks and utilizing six distinct llms our methodology demonstrates remarkable results achieving | speeds | extensive experiments | through comprehensive experimentation across six diverse tasks and utilizing six distinct llms our methodology demonstrates remarkable results achieving speeds up to 5 |
we use the database constructed in wasleske baldassare 2024 which contains dwarf galaxies that were selected as | active | dwarf galaxies | we use the database constructed in wasleske baldassare 2024 which contains dwarf galaxies that were selected as active galaxies by optical spectroscopy infrared colors x-ray brightness and photometric variability |
in this paper we design high-performance matrix multiplication matmul a critical compute kernel for llm | inference | llm inference | in this paper we design high-performance matrix multiplication matmul a critical compute kernel for llm inference on trainium |
as such the development of mathematical frameworks that account for spatially correlated infections is of great interest as they offer a compromise between accurate | disease | infectious individuals | as such the development of mathematical frameworks that account for spatially correlated infections is of great interest as they offer a compromise between accurate disease forecasting and analytic tractability |
the results show that the proposed model can accurately reconstruct original | scenarios | real-world scenarios | the results show that the proposed model can accurately reconstruct original scenarios and generate realistic diverse synthetic scenarios |
debiased machine learning typically requires | estimation | representation learning | debiased machine learning typically requires estimation of the riesz representer and the regression function |
non-asymptotic error bounds are established for the resulting estimators under heavy-tailed regime and the minimax optimal convergence | rate | asymptotic normality | non-asymptotic error bounds are established for the resulting estimators under heavy-tailed regime and the minimax optimal convergence rate is derived |
these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of | llm | llm reasoning | these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of llm raters |
engineered kerr nonlinearities for precise quantum control of | fock | quantum dot | engineered kerr nonlinearities for precise quantum control of fock states |
only if the right local model minimizer is used the p q-1 th-order local | convergence | superlinear convergence | only if the right local model minimizer is used the p q-1 th-order local convergence from the non-adaptive case is preserved for p q-1 otherwise the superlinear rate can degrade |
structural vulnerability assessment in urban | transport | gromov-wasserstein distance | structural vulnerability assessment in urban transport networks a network-wide geometric approach using gromov-wasserstein |
existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning | capabilities | reasoning curriculum | existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models llms |
we compare models that use only macro-level incidence models that add | mobility | urban systems | we compare models that use only macro-level incidence models that add mobility network features and their interactions with macro incidence and autoregressive ar models that include town-level recent cases |
specifically we first analyze the trajectory of the airy beam and the | beam | airy beam | specifically we first analyze the trajectory of the airy beam and the beam pattern at the receiver using a discrete fourier transform dft codebook in the presence of obstacles |
the street has emerged as a primary site where everyday publics are confronted with ai as an infrastructural phenomenon as machine learning-based | systems | human-ai interaction | the street has emerged as a primary site where everyday publics are confronted with ai as an infrastructural phenomenon as machine learning-based systems are now commonly deployed in this setting in the form of automated cars facial recognition smart billboards and the like |
0 and sample-efficient reinforcement learning on continuous control tasks without | replay | continual learning | 0 and sample-efficient reinforcement learning on continuous control tasks without replay buffers |
one major obstacle lies in methodological limitations most studies rely on non-invasive neural measures with limited spatial or temporal resolution making it difficult to disentangle proper nccs from concurrent | cognitive | surrogate brain | one major obstacle lies in methodological limitations most studies rely on non-invasive neural measures with limited spatial or temporal resolution making it difficult to disentangle proper nccs from concurrent cognitive processes |
heterogeneous graph neural networks hgnns have emerged as a promising paradigm for | anomaly | anomaly detection | heterogeneous graph neural networks hgnns have emerged as a promising paradigm for anomaly detection by incorporating type-aware transformations and relation-sensitive aggregation enabling more expressive modeling of complex cyber data |
since conventional methods are computationally intensive and often yield unstable estimates we develop a new | gaussian | gaussian process | since conventional methods are computationally intensive and often yield unstable estimates we develop a new gaussian process collocation method for efficient bayesian inference |
however connected autonomous vehicles cav are inherently affected by communication delays and computation | delays | time delays | however connected autonomous vehicles cav are inherently affected by communication delays and computation delays which significantly degrade the performance of conventional controllers such as pid or other more advanced controllers like disturbance observers dob |
we propose a two-stage learner that first identifies a set of near-optimal policies and then constructs an | abstention | policy learning | we propose a two-stage learner that first identifies a set of near-optimal policies and then constructs an abstention rule from their disagreements |
bell inequality violation is the phenomenon where multiple non-communicating parties can exhibit | correlations | quantum coherence | bell inequality violation is the phenomenon where multiple non-communicating parties can exhibit correlations using quantum resources that are impossible if they can only use classical resources |
however its potential is constrained by the difficulty of acquiring accurate user-to-ris channel state information | csi | channel state information csi | however its potential is constrained by the difficulty of acquiring accurate user-to-ris channel state information csi due to the cascaded channel structure and the high pilot overhead of non-parametric methods |
simultaneously strongly aligning with human | visual | multimodal reasoning | simultaneously strongly aligning with human visual attention |
in some bulges we also find up to a 32 of | stars | massive stars | in some bulges we also find up to a 32 of stars that migrated from the disk due to secular evolution with a median of 10 |
furthermore we incorporate focaler-siou to strengthen the model s bounding box matching capability and increase its sensitivity to small-object features thereby further enhancing | detection | vision transformers | furthermore we incorporate focaler-siou to strengthen the model s bounding box matching capability and increase its sensitivity to small-object features thereby further enhancing detection accuracy and robustness |
to complement this we derive a tight upper bound of 2n k-1 for chordal bigraphs and 54n k-1 for grid intersection graphs gig a prominent graph class residing in four ferrers dimensions and capturing planar bipartite graphs as well as bipartite intersection | graphs | bipartite graphs | to complement this we derive a tight upper bound of 2n k-1 for chordal bigraphs and 54n k-1 for grid intersection graphs gig a prominent graph class residing in four ferrers dimensions and capturing planar bipartite graphs as well as bipartite intersection graphs of rectangles |
spatial and temporal boundaries in difference-in-differences a framework from | navier-stokes | effect boundaries | spatial and temporal boundaries in difference-in-differences a framework from navier-stokes equation |
consequently the average performance achieved by llms | remains | llm raters | consequently the average performance achieved by llms remains considerably below the human baseline |
5-4b models across visual reasoning tasks demonstrate that our methods consistently improve visual reasoning | capabilities | reasoning tasks | 5-4b models across visual reasoning tasks demonstrate that our methods consistently improve visual reasoning capabilities outperforming vanilla self-improvement by 3 |
identifying asymptomatic individuals is critical for measuring and controlling an epidemic but periodic and widespread testing of healthy | individuals | infectious individuals | identifying asymptomatic individuals is critical for measuring and controlling an epidemic but periodic and widespread testing of healthy individuals is often too costly |
most counterfactual inference frameworks traditionally assume acyclic structural | causal | causal effect | most counterfactual inference frameworks traditionally assume acyclic structural causal models scms i |
these annotations draw inspiration from cognitive science research on how humans identify and resolve anomalies providing a comprehensive framework for evaluating vision-language models vlms in detecting and | understanding | language agents | these annotations draw inspiration from cognitive science research on how humans identify and resolve anomalies providing a comprehensive framework for evaluating vision-language models vlms in detecting and understanding anomalies |
we approach this question by introducing appropriate simplifying abstractions as follows first we use | imbalanced | imbalanced data | we approach this question by introducing appropriate simplifying abstractions as follows first we use imbalanced data as a testbed |
however their reliability is often limited for subjective tasks when human judgments | involve | human feedback | however their reliability is often limited for subjective tasks when human judgments involve subtle reasoning beyond annotation labels |
in addition such data could also be used to improve the training of both pathologists and ai | systems | ai use | in addition such data could also be used to improve the training of both pathologists and ai systems that might support human experts |
this capability is particularly relevant for active | photonic | integrated photonics | this capability is particularly relevant for active photonic circuits that generate quantum light directly on-chip |
tensor network methods strike a middle ground between fully-fledged quantum computing and classical computing as they take inspiration from | quantum | quantum technologies | tensor network methods strike a middle ground between fully-fledged quantum computing and classical computing as they take inspiration from quantum systems to significantly speed up certain classical operations |
it emphasizes traceability interpretability and data-driven decision making offering a unified human-understandable framework for machine learning and achieves at or near state-of-the-art performance across most common | machine | machine learning | it emphasizes traceability interpretability and data-driven decision making offering a unified human-understandable framework for machine learning and achieves at or near state-of-the-art performance across most common machine learning tasks |
quantum simulation of actinide chemistry towards scalable | algorithms | quantum batteries | quantum simulation of actinide chemistry towards scalable algorithms on trapped ion quantum computers |
phylogenetic trees capture evolutionary relationships among | isolates | phylogenetic diversity | phylogenetic trees capture evolutionary relationships among isolates and provide a natural framework for detecting such adaptive signals |
we resolve this question by presenting the first bidirectional reduction showing that suffix array queries are up to an additive o log log n term in query time equivalent to prefix-select | queries | query complexity | we resolve this question by presenting the first bidirectional reduction showing that suffix array queries are up to an additive o log log n term in query time equivalent to prefix-select queries in all parameters |
we further formulate a degradation model for multi-modal restoration and derive its sso-pga-based optimization | algorithm | gradient descent | we further formulate a degradation model for multi-modal restoration and derive its sso-pga-based optimization algorithm which is then unfolded into a deep network to marry the interpretability of optimization with the power of deep learning |
the proposed approach provides formal guarantees on safety and timing and is computationally lightweight | model-free | external disturbances | the proposed approach provides formal guarantees on safety and timing and is computationally lightweight model-free and robust to unknown disturbances |
generative artificial intelligence genai can aid | humans | trustworthy ai | generative artificial intelligence genai can aid humans in a wide range of tasks but its effectiveness critically depends on users being able to evaluate the accuracy of genai outputs and their own expertise |
the research aims to investigate what happens in the brain when we perceive visual stimuli or engage in covert speech inner | speech | inner speech | the research aims to investigate what happens in the brain when we perceive visual stimuli or engage in covert speech inner speech and enhance the decoding performance of such stimuli |
voltage and local scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements | demonstrated | ionic conduction | voltage and local scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements demonstrated a notable increase in electrical conductivity |
during massive star formation dense gas undergoes chemical evolution producing both simple and complex organic molecules coms characteristic of hot | molecular | dense gas | during massive star formation dense gas undergoes chemical evolution producing both simple and complex organic molecules coms characteristic of hot molecular cores |
this paper explores how we can leverage ai to | improve | ai systems | this paper explores how we can leverage ai to improve the quality of human oversight |
porous microstructures while central to many functional materials remain difficult to characterize quantitatively by | atom | electron microscopy | porous microstructures while central to many functional materials remain difficult to characterize quantitatively by atom probe tomography apt |
riesz regression covariate balancing dre and the matching estimator are methods for estimating the balancing weights where | riesz | riesz regression | riesz regression covariate balancing dre and the matching estimator are methods for estimating the balancing weights where riesz regression is essentially equivalent to dre in the ate context the matching estimator is a special case of dre and dre is in a dual relationship with covariate balancing |
our experiments show that the best forecasting models achieve | classification | support vector machines | our experiments show that the best forecasting models achieve classification accuracy that matches or even surpasses that of state-of-the-art models pre-trained specifically for classification |
we introduce variable projected augmented | lagrangian | augmented lagrangian | we introduce variable projected augmented lagrangian vpal methods for solving generalized nonlinear lasso problems with improved speed and accuracy |
the considered scenarios cover both single satellite and cooperative multi-satellite | beamforming | beamforming design | the considered scenarios cover both single satellite and cooperative multi-satellite beamforming using either global or local channel state information and two error models that represent increasing levels of uncertainty |
in this work we showcase multi-object tracking based on the probability hypothesis | density | multi-object tracking | in this work we showcase multi-object tracking based on the probability hypothesis density phd filter in the range and doppler speed domain |
this paper studies nonparametric local over- | identification | nonparametric identification | this paper studies nonparametric local over- identification in the sense of chen and santos 2018 and the associated semiparametric efficiency in modern causal frameworks |
formulas that determine the least favorable spectral | densities | density estimation | formulas that determine the least favorable spectral densities and the minimax spectral characteristics are proposed for some specific sets of admissible densities |
we motivate and develop four idealized galaxy cgm spatial-kinematic structures based on empirical data and theoretical predictions 1 a rotating galactic disk extra-planar gas 2 a static or dynamic spherical halo 3 an outflowing bi-polar | galactic | milky way | we motivate and develop four idealized galaxy cgm spatial-kinematic structures based on empirical data and theoretical predictions 1 a rotating galactic disk extra-planar gas 2 a static or dynamic spherical halo 3 an outflowing bi-polar galactic wind and 4 an inward spiraling flared planar accretion |
in this work we establish emph non-asymptotic berry--esseen bounds for linear functionals of online least-squares sgd thereby providing a gaussian central | limit | central limit theorem | in this work we establish emph non-asymptotic berry--esseen bounds for linear functionals of online least-squares sgd thereby providing a gaussian central limit theorem clt in a emph growing-dimensional regime |
understanding how learning algorithms shape the computational strategies that emerge in neural networks remains a fundamental challenge in | machine | machine learning | understanding how learning algorithms shape the computational strategies that emerge in neural networks remains a fundamental challenge in machine intelligence |
we surveyed 415 software practitioners to capture their perceptions of productivity changes associated with ai-assisted development using the space framework - satisfaction and well-being performance activity communication and | collaboration | ai use | we surveyed 415 software practitioners to capture their perceptions of productivity changes associated with ai-assisted development using the space framework - satisfaction and well-being performance activity communication and collaboration and efficiency and flow |
we adapt a pre-trained vision-language-action vla model open-vla for dexterous human-robot collaboration with minimal | language | vision-language models | we adapt a pre-trained vision-language-action vla model open-vla for dexterous human-robot collaboration with minimal language prompting |
our results indicate that although llms generally adhere to valid reasoning patterns they exhibit notable inconsistencies in specific types of | normative | reasoning tasks | our results indicate that although llms generally adhere to valid reasoning patterns they exhibit notable inconsistencies in specific types of normative reasoning and display cognitive biases similar to those observed in psychological studies of human reasoning |
the prohibitive cost of evaluating large language models | llms | language models | the prohibitive cost of evaluating large language models llms on comprehensive benchmarks necessitates the creation of small yet representative data subsets i |
as generative ai becomes embedded in children s learning spaces families face | new | generative ai | as generative ai becomes embedded in children s learning spaces families face new challenges in guiding its use |
this exploratory study provides in-depth insights into the dynamics of lwir | phonon | phonon polaritons | this exploratory study provides in-depth insights into the dynamics of lwir phonon polaritons and enz modes in the nanostructured sapphire indicating its great potential for innovative nanophotonic applications |
the model naturally accepts interleaved vision-language inputs and generates | interleaved | optical flow | the model naturally accepts interleaved vision-language inputs and generates interleaved vision-language outputs |
we show that 1 this isolated reasoning embedding exhibits unique predictive power accounting for variance in neural activity not explained by other linguistic features and even extending to the recruitment of visual | regions | neural codes | we show that 1 this isolated reasoning embedding exhibits unique predictive power accounting for variance in neural activity not explained by other linguistic features and even extending to the recruitment of visual regions beyond classical language areas |
by explicitly retaining the quantum coherence of the coupled electron-phonon-photon dynamics our model describes a two-stage buildup of entanglement - first between signal and idler photons and subsequently between idler | photons | single photons | by explicitly retaining the quantum coherence of the coupled electron-phonon-photon dynamics our model describes a two-stage buildup of entanglement - first between signal and idler photons and subsequently between idler photons mediated by material coherence |
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