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we introduce a general diploid population model with self-fertilization and possible overlapping generations and study the genealogy of a sample of n genes as the population size | n | reproduction number | we introduce a general diploid population model with self-fertilization and possible overlapping generations and study the genealogy of a sample of n genes as the population size n tends to infinity |
artificial intelligence systems based on large language models | llms | models llms | artificial intelligence systems based on large language models llms can now generate coherent text music and images yet they operate without a persistent state each inference reconstructs context from scratch |
we also review and discuss different methods for m_ | bullet | black hole mass | we also review and discuss different methods for m_ bullet inference in tdes and find that approaches based on physical models of the early-time uv optical emission are not able to recover at a statistically significant level black hole-host galaxy scalings |
our aim is to investigate different types of inner speech and push decoding performance by | collecting | large language models | our aim is to investigate different types of inner speech and push decoding performance by collecting a high number of trials and sessions from a few participants |
limiting spectral distribution of high-dimensional | multivariate | spectral density matrices | limiting spectral distribution of high-dimensional multivariate kendall- τ |
we quantify the dependence of magnetic fields on star formation | activity | star clusters | we quantify the dependence of magnetic fields on star formation activity including both regular and starburst galaxies |
inspired by this principle we introduce a hierarchical multimodal | recurrent | recurrent neural networks | inspired by this principle we introduce a hierarchical multimodal recurrent neural network grounded in predictive processing under the free-energy principle capable of directly integrating over 30 000-dimensional visuo-proprioceptive inputs without dimensionality reduction |
large language models llms and multi-agent systems mas | offer | language models | large language models llms and multi-agent systems mas offer opportunities to augment dispatchers |
our work demonstrates that inputdsa is a robust and efficient method for comparing intrinsic dynamics and the effect of external input on | dynamical | dynamical systems | our work demonstrates that inputdsa is a robust and efficient method for comparing intrinsic dynamics and the effect of external input on dynamical systems |
using the next generation matrix method we derive an analytical expression for the basic | reproduction | basic reproduction | using the next generation matrix method we derive an analytical expression for the basic reproduction number mathcal r_0 |
viral population dynamics at the cellular level considering the | replication | viral replication | viral population dynamics at the cellular level considering the replication cycle |
the derived bases are fitted onto subsequences that are extracted with a sliding window in order to quantify how long | patterns | temporal patterns | the derived bases are fitted onto subsequences that are extracted with a sliding window in order to quantify how long patterns are dominant in the set of subsequences |
we establish the convergence of the sequence generated by tkma to a fixed | point | linear convergence | we establish the convergence of the sequence generated by tkma to a fixed point of t |
our results show substantial accuracy gains with fine-tuned models | compared | open-source models | our results show substantial accuracy gains with fine-tuned models compared to vanilla baselines |
model-free robust beamforming in satellite downlink using | reinforcement | deep reinforcement learning | model-free robust beamforming in satellite downlink using reinforcement learning |
when your ai agent succumbs to peer-pressure studying opinion-change | dynamics | opinion dynamics | when your ai agent succumbs to peer-pressure studying opinion-change dynamics of llms |
to make inverse optimal issf controllers robust to gain variation we propose a | gain | optimal control | to make inverse optimal issf controllers robust to gain variation we propose a gain margin improvement approach at the expense of an increased control effort |
we show that this not only dramatically improves the visual quality of the generated | images | image generation | we show that this not only dramatically improves the visual quality of the generated images but it also significantly speeds up the training |
efficiency without cognitive change evidence from human | interaction | ai agents | efficiency without cognitive change evidence from human interaction with narrow ai systems |
we compare these models in terms of theoretical properties optimization strategies and empirical performance and discuss applications in fields such as computer vision natural | language | language models | we compare these models in terms of theoretical properties optimization strategies and empirical performance and discuss applications in fields such as computer vision natural language processing and bioinformatics |
in order to facilitate the future-proof application-dependent comparison of | mitigation | mitigation methods | in order to facilitate the future-proof application-dependent comparison of mitigation methods we develop a set of quantitative metrics that account for continual improvements in logical gate quality |
we consider two waveguides one dedicated to transmission and one to reception and both of them are connected to a | base | base station | we consider two waveguides one dedicated to transmission and one to reception and both of them are connected to a base station bs |
to improve the efficiency of clinical screening and enable the early detection of dr a variety of automated dr diagnosis systems have been recently established based on convolutional neural | network | deep network | to improve the efficiency of clinical screening and enable the early detection of dr a variety of automated dr diagnosis systems have been recently established based on convolutional neural network cnn or vision transformer vit |
unveiling intrinsic text bias in multimodal large | language | large language models llms | unveiling intrinsic text bias in multimodal large language models through attention key-space analysis |
these findings suggest that resting-state eeg | connectivity | functional connectivity | these findings suggest that resting-state eeg connectivity patterns can index stable cognitive traits such as creativity |
we employ the plane-wave expansion method to compute distributions of | emission | spontaneous emission | we employ the plane-wave expansion method to compute distributions of emission rates that are relevant to many optical experiments where quantum emitters are distributed within a crystal |
existing eeg foundation models struggle to generalize across these variations often restricting | pretraining | electroencephalography eeg | existing eeg foundation models struggle to generalize across these variations often restricting pretraining to a single setup resulting in suboptimal performance in particular under linear probing |
in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next | generation | nonlinear optical | in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance photonic devices |
in paper ii we will present the formalism for populating the galaxy cgm structures with multiphase photoionized and collisionally | ionized | ionized gas | in paper ii we will present the formalism for populating the galaxy cgm structures with multiphase photoionized and collisionally ionized gas and for generating absorption profiles for ions of interest |
beyond mmlu acer enhances performance on knowledge-intensive | benchmarks | reasoning capabilities | beyond mmlu acer enhances performance on knowledge-intensive benchmarks like arc and gpqa by over 2 absolute points while maintaining stable performance on general reasoning tasks |
these findings highlight the potential of shared control strategies to balance | stability | predictive control | these findings highlight the potential of shared control strategies to balance stability efficiency and driver acceptance |
we extend an experimentally-feasible object detection and range finding | quantum | quantum technologies | we extend an experimentally-feasible object detection and range finding quantum illumination-based protocol to include spoofing resilience |
non-uniformity would have significant implications for exoplanet occurrence | rate | stellar population | non-uniformity would have significant implications for exoplanet occurrence rate calculations so future work should explore the longevity of these biases driven by the star-cloud connection |
tree ensembles have demonstrated state-of-the-art | predictive | predictive performance | tree ensembles have demonstrated state-of-the-art predictive performance across a wide range of problems involving tabular data |
this problem is inherently non-convex due to the strong coupling among its decision parameters making it challenging to solve using traditional | optimization | optimization problem | this problem is inherently non-convex due to the strong coupling among its decision parameters making it challenging to solve using traditional optimization methods |
lagmemo language 3d gaussian splatting memory for multi-modal open-vocabulary | multi-goal | multi-modal open-vocabulary | lagmemo language 3d gaussian splatting memory for multi-modal open-vocabulary multi-goal visual navigation |
we study the statistical properties of nonparametric distance-based isotropic local polynomial regression estimators of the boundary average treatment effect curve a key causal functional parameter capturing heterogeneous treatment effects in | boundary | effect boundaries | we study the statistical properties of nonparametric distance-based isotropic local polynomial regression estimators of the boundary average treatment effect curve a key causal functional parameter capturing heterogeneous treatment effects in boundary discontinuity designs |
the sga method outperforms the gradient method by including | second-order | first-order methods | the sga method outperforms the gradient method by including second-order mixed derivatives computed at each iterate which requires considerably larger computational effort |
we suggest that their low black hole masses are unlikely to be due to their small angles of inclination to the | line | black hole mass | we suggest that their low black hole masses are unlikely to be due to their small angles of inclination to the line of sight |
we statistically validate links in each cohort | comorbidity | comorbidity networks | we statistically validate links in each cohort comorbidity network and furthermore partition the networks into communities of diseases |
we also establish that under a suitable sample-based detectability condition known as sample-based incremental input output-to-state stability i-ioss the proposed | sample-based | state estimation | we also establish that under a suitable sample-based detectability condition known as sample-based incremental input output-to-state stability i-ioss the proposed sample-based mhe achieves robust global exponential stability rges |
in this work we focus on applying these methods to fundamental problems in image processing and classical optics such as wave-front propagation and optical image formation by using directly or indirectly parallels with | quantum | quantum technologies | in this work we focus on applying these methods to fundamental problems in image processing and classical optics such as wave-front propagation and optical image formation by using directly or indirectly parallels with quantum mechanics and computation |
in robotics likelihood-free inference lfi can provide the domain distribution that adapts a learnt | agent | policy learning | in robotics likelihood-free inference lfi can provide the domain distribution that adapts a learnt agent in a parametric set of deployment conditions |
in this work we propose a general hierarchical motion modeling method that learns structured interpretable | motion | point tracking | in this work we propose a general hierarchical motion modeling method that learns structured interpretable motion relationships directly from data |
the result is a suite of tuning-free sampling algorithms including | tuning-free | debiased machine learning | the result is a suite of tuning-free sampling algorithms including tuning-free variants of the unadjusted langevin algorithm ula stochastic gradient langevin dynamics sgld mean-field langevin dynamics mfld stein variational gradient descent svgd and variational gradient descent vgd |
finally we outline several potential applications of nonlinear | sis | nonlinear sis | finally we outline several potential applications of nonlinear sis in wireless communication scenarios |
we propose a weaker operational form of aoe that still leads to inequalities that quantum | mechanics | quantum mechanics | we propose a weaker operational form of aoe that still leads to inequalities that quantum mechanics violates |
a graph neural network-based model is designed to generate projections tailored to each qp instance enabling us to produce high-quality | solutions | neural network | a graph neural network-based model is designed to generate projections tailored to each qp instance enabling us to produce high-quality solutions even for previously unseen problems |
these include the feeling of spatial extendedness temporal flow of objects | binding | receptive fields | these include the feeling of spatial extendedness temporal flow of objects binding general concepts with particular configurations of features and of qualia such as colors and sounds |
to this end inas qds are integrated in a hybrid photon-phonon patterned microcavity where the density of optical | states | quantum emitters | to this end inas qds are integrated in a hybrid photon-phonon patterned microcavity where the density of optical states is tailored by the lateral confinement of photons in um-sized traps defined lithographically in the microcavity spacer |
as ai capabilities improve and ai is used to tackle more challenging | tasks | ai agents | as ai capabilities improve and ai is used to tackle more challenging tasks verifying quality and safety becomes increasingly challenging |
the online method adapts to distribution shifts including human behavior evolving through interaction with ai a phenomenon we call human to | ai | distribution shift | the online method adapts to distribution shifts including human behavior evolving through interaction with ai a phenomenon we call human to ai adaptation |
our results reinforce that quantum illumination is advantageous for | spoofing | spoofing resilience | our results reinforce that quantum illumination is advantageous for spoofing resilience compared to a classical illumination-based protocol |
a tidal disruption event tde occurs when a star passes within the tidal radius of a | supermassive | black hole mass | a tidal disruption event tde occurs when a star passes within the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole smbh |
our findings reveal that despite being designed to enhance efficiency cognitive strategies can reduce the abundance of the | species | ecological interactions | our findings reveal that despite being designed to enhance efficiency cognitive strategies can reduce the abundance of the species due to the constraints of cyclic dominance |
to address this challenge this paper presents a forecast-integrated optimal | power | optimal power flow | to address this challenge this paper presents a forecast-integrated optimal power flow opf -based adaptive control framework |
experiments show improved success rate and sample efficiency over single-algorithm baselines dqn or td3 alone and rule-based planners with better generalization to unseen | obstacle | obstacle avoidance | experiments show improved success rate and sample efficiency over single-algorithm baselines dqn or td3 alone and rule-based planners with better generalization to unseen obstacle configurations and reduced abrupt control changes |
our results establish spatially engineered atomic | ensembles | single photons | our results establish spatially engineered atomic ensembles as a pathway to selective photon transfer between modes and precise control of many-body complexity |
to address these issues this study introduces the | human-ai | ai literacy | to address these issues this study introduces the human-ai re synergy model hare-sm a conceptual framework that integrates ai-driven analysis with human oversight to improve requirements elicitation analysis and validation |
this energy is believed to impact the star formation | activity | massive stars | this energy is believed to impact the star formation activity and contribute to the quenching of galaxies |
moreover adapting existing code review approaches to target security | issues | code review | moreover adapting existing code review approaches to target security issues faces substantial challenges including data scarcity and inadequate evaluation metrics |
inference-cost-aware dynamic tree construction for efficient inference in large | language | language models | inference-cost-aware dynamic tree construction for efficient inference in large language models |
to address these limitations we propose a symbolic | regression | machine learning | to address these limitations we propose a symbolic regression sr -based ml framework |
these results suggest lossy compression supports | mnemonic | working memory | these results suggest lossy compression supports mnemonic discrimination by discarding redundant and overlapping information |
in these models the retrieval of a particular memory can be hampered by overlaps between the network state and other memories termed spurious overlaps since these overlaps collectively introduce noise in the | retrieval | working memory | in these models the retrieval of a particular memory can be hampered by overlaps between the network state and other memories termed spurious overlaps since these overlaps collectively introduce noise in the retrieval process |
using network gradients it is possible to identify regions where the | network | convolutional neural | using network gradients it is possible to identify regions where the network pays attention during image recognition tasks |
machine translation mt is widely employed to address resource scarcity in low-resource | languages | multilingual data | machine translation mt is widely employed to address resource scarcity in low-resource languages by generating synthetic data from high-resource counterparts |
spade sparsity adaptive depth estimator for zero-shot real-time monocular depth | estimation | depth estimation | spade sparsity adaptive depth estimator for zero-shot real-time monocular depth estimation in underwater environments |
we present the first such improvement a k -mismatch index with o n log k-1 n space and the same | query | query complexity | we present the first such improvement a k -mismatch index with o n log k-1 n space and the same query time as k -errata trees |
we find that most of the stars in our bulges are formed in-situ but 33 of our | bulges | massive stars | we find that most of the stars in our bulges are formed in-situ but 33 of our bulges show a non-negligible contribution of stellar accretion from satellites which could add to about 35 of the population |
this paper considers the textit zarankiewicz problem in | graphs | regular graphs | this paper considers the textit zarankiewicz problem in graphs with low-dimensional geometric representation i |
the global system is described as the collection of landscapes of coexisting and interacting | collective | dynamical systems | the global system is described as the collection of landscapes of coexisting and interacting collective states each characterized both by continuous activity frequency and discrete class variables |
large language models llms are increasingly shaping creative work and | problem-solving | large language | large language models llms are increasingly shaping creative work and problem-solving however prior research suggests that they may diminish unassisted creativity |
this motivates the need for multimodal evaluation frameworks that extend beyond text-based | metrics | evaluation metrics | this motivates the need for multimodal evaluation frameworks that extend beyond text-based metrics to enable a more holistic assessment of slt outputs |
with the help of low-loss distribution capability of optical fibers the system can be scaled into a distributed non-contact multiple vital signs monitoring | platform | optical communication | with the help of low-loss distribution capability of optical fibers the system can be scaled into a distributed non-contact multiple vital signs monitoring platform highlighting its potential for clinical and healthcare applications |
here we implement an efficient quantum simulation | algorithm | quantum error correction | here we implement an efficient quantum simulation algorithm on quantinuum s system model h2 trapped-ion quantum computer for the time dynamics of a 56-qubit system that is too complex for exact classical simulation |
these findings highlight the fine-grained discrepancies among | vlms | vision-language models vlms | these findings highlight the fine-grained discrepancies among vlms in chart understanding tasks and point to specific skills that need to be strengthened in current models |
training a nn as a surrogate optimization solver amounts to estimating a global solution function that maps varying | problem | gradient descent | training a nn as a surrogate optimization solver amounts to estimating a global solution function that maps varying problem input parameters to the corresponding optimal solutions |
star quasiconvexity an unified approach for linear | convergence | zeroth-order methods | star quasiconvexity an unified approach for linear convergence of first-order methods beyond convexity |
violations of conditional exchangeability substantially limit the validity of ite estimates from | causal | causal effect | violations of conditional exchangeability substantially limit the validity of ite estimates from causal ml models in routinely collected observational data |
we demonstrate that the treatment effects of interest can be consistently | estimated | treatment effect | we demonstrate that the treatment effects of interest can be consistently estimated using ordinary least squares with an appropriately specified working model and transformed regressors |
large language models llms and multi-agent systems mas | offer | large language | large language models llms and multi-agent systems mas offer opportunities to augment dispatchers |
large language models llms show strong potential to support creative | tasks | models llms | large language models llms show strong potential to support creative tasks but the role of the interface design is poorly understood |
for thin films of pt our calculations show that the relative contributions of the orbital edelstein and surface pockels effects are comparable and that they have different effects on kerr rotation of s and | p | optical properties | for thin films of pt our calculations show that the relative contributions of the orbital edelstein and surface pockels effects are comparable and that they have different effects on kerr rotation of s and p polarized light theta_k s and theta_k p |
we propose a data-driven framework for efficiently solving quadratic | programming | quadratic programming | we propose a data-driven framework for efficiently solving quadratic programming qp problems by reducing the number of variables in high-dimensional qps using instance-specific projection |
land use change perceptions included deforestation coastal degradation | habitat | climate change | land use change perceptions included deforestation coastal degradation habitat protection renewable energy facilities wetlands and others |
here we propose a machine learning ml approach for image repair and | super-resolution | image reconstruction | here we propose a machine learning ml approach for image repair and super-resolution to alleviate both challenges |
interstellar comet 3i atlas evidence for galactic | cosmic | galactic nuclei | interstellar comet 3i atlas evidence for galactic cosmic ray processing |
these robots exhibit intelligent behavior that emerges from their structural dynamics and the | physical | robotic systems | these robots exhibit intelligent behavior that emerges from their structural dynamics and the physical interaction between their components and with the environment |
as ai capabilities improve and ai is used to tackle more challenging tasks verifying quality and | safety | artificial intelligence | as ai capabilities improve and ai is used to tackle more challenging tasks verifying quality and safety becomes increasingly challenging |
egoemotion egocentric vision and physiological | signals | physiological signals | egoemotion egocentric vision and physiological signals for emotion and personality recognition in real-world tasks |
reinforcement learning from human feedback rlhf has emerged as a key technique for post-training large | language | large language | reinforcement learning from human feedback rlhf has emerged as a key technique for post-training large language models |
our results constitute a substantial development on existing corrections to mean-field theory for infectious individuals in | sis | viral replication | our results constitute a substantial development on existing corrections to mean-field theory for infectious individuals in sis processes and provide an in-depth characterization of how structural randomness in networks affects the dynamical trajectories of infectious diseases on networks |
identifying and addressing security issues during the early phase of the development lifecycle is critical for mitigating the long-term negative impacts on | software | software engineering | identifying and addressing security issues during the early phase of the development lifecycle is critical for mitigating the long-term negative impacts on software systems |
furthermore localized bessel-type modes at aa stacking regions can be excited nonlocally across the moire superlattice enabling | vortex | vortex phase | furthermore localized bessel-type modes at aa stacking regions can be excited nonlocally across the moire superlattice enabling vortex array generation |
our results include that finding a solution is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the vertex cover number of the food web assuming the | phylogenetic | phylogenetic tree | our results include that finding a solution is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the vertex cover number of the food web assuming the phylogenetic tree is a star |
the architecture incorporates a brain-region to image-feature cross-attention mechanism enabling nonlinear mappings between high-dimensional deep network features and semantic | patterns | brain-computer interface | the architecture incorporates a brain-region to image-feature cross-attention mechanism enabling nonlinear mappings between high-dimensional deep network features and semantic patterns encoded in the brain activity |
to improve the quality of long-term light | curves | light curves | to improve the quality of long-term light curves for agns we bin and stack multi-epoch images balancing the image depths and temporal resolution |
we hypothesize this gap stems from missing core gui knowledge which existing training schemes such as supervised fine tuning and | reinforcement | reinforcement learning | we hypothesize this gap stems from missing core gui knowledge which existing training schemes such as supervised fine tuning and reinforcement learning alone cannot fully address |
validated in high-fidelity simulation with realistic quadrotor dynamics the resulting policies significantly outperform both a standard | reinforcement | control strategy | validated in high-fidelity simulation with realistic quadrotor dynamics the resulting policies significantly outperform both a standard reinforcement learning baseline and a state-of-the-art game-theoretic planner |
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