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[ "About 98 % of languages spoken in Pakistan are of the Indo-Iranian branch ( sub-branches : 75 % of the Indo-Aryan branch and 20 % of the Iranian branch ) , a branch of the Indo-European family of languages .", "About 98 % of languages spoken in Pakistan are Indo-Iranian ( sub-branches : 75 % Indo-Aryan and 20 % ...
[ "In addition , small groups of language isolates such as Burusho and Dravidian Speakers like the Brahui people also live in the country .", "In addition , small groups language isolates such as Burusho and Brahui-speaking peoples also live in the country ." ]
[ "The people of the Potohar Plateau in Northern Punjab and Western Azad Kashmir ( called Potoharis ) , were historically distinct from Punjabis because of the difference in language .", "The people of the Potohar Plateau in Northern Punjab , ( Potoharis ) are sometimes listed separately from Punjabis ." ]
[ "The word cosmetics derives from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη ( kosmetikē tekhnē ) , meaning `` technique of dress and ornament '' , from κοσμητικός ( kosmētikos ) , `` skilled in ordering or arranging '' and that from κόσμος ( kosmos ) , meaning amongst others `` order '' and `` ornament '' .", "The word cosmetics ...
[ "According to one source , early major developments include : The Ancient Greeks also used cosmetics .", "Cosmetics used included : The Ancient Greeks also used cosmetics ." ]
[ "Archaeological evidence of cosmetics dates at least from ancient Egypt and Greece .", "Archaeological confirms use of cosmetics in ancient Egypt and Greece ." ]
[ "George Walker Bush ( born July 6 , 1946 ) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 43rd President of the United States of America from 2001 to 2009 and the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 .", "George Walker Bush ( born July 6 , 1946 ) is an American politician and businessman who was ...
[ "George Walker Bush was born in New Haven , Connecticut , at Grace-New Haven Hospital ( now Yale - New Haven Hospital ) , on July 6 , 1946 , the first child of George Herbert Walker Bush and Barbara Pierce .", "Bush was born in New Haven , Connecticut ." ]
[ "The eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush , he was born in New Haven , Connecticut .", "He is the son of former U.S. President George H. W. Bush and former U.S. First Lady Barbara Bush ." ]
[ "Bush finished high school at Phillips Academy , a boarding school ( then all-male ) in Andover , Massachusetts , where he played baseball and during his senior year was the head cheerleader .", "He went to a high school called Phillips Academy in Andover , Massachusetts , and graduated in 1964 ." ]
[ "Bush left office in 2009 , and was succeeded as president by Barack Obama , who ran on a platform of change from Bush 's policies .", "He was succeeded by Barack Obama ." ]
[ "Osteichthyes are divided into the ray-finned fish ( Actinopterygii ) and lobe-finned fish ( Sarcopterygii ) .", "Osteichthyes are a taxonomic superclass of fish , also called bony fish that includes the ray-finned fish ( Actinopterygii ) and lobe finned fish ( Sarcopterygii ) ." ]
[ "It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today .", "Osteichthyes are the most various group of vertebrates , consisting of over 29,000 species , making them the largest class of vertebrates in existence today ." ]
[ "Under this classification systems , the Osteichthyes are paraphyletic with regard to land vertebrates as the common ancestor of all Osteichthyes includes tetrapods amongst its descendants .", "The Osteichthyes are paraphyletic with land vertebrates , in some classification schemes the tetrapods are considered to...
[ "A terrestrial planet , telluric planet or rocky planet is a planet that is composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals .", "A terrestrial planet is mostly made of rock ( silicate ) Earth is the `` original '' terrestrial planet ." ]
[ "All terrestrial planets have approximately the same type of structure : a central metallic core , mostly iron , with a surrounding silicate mantle .", "Our terrestrial planets have metallic cores of mostly iron , with rocky mantles and crusts ." ]
[ "The first of these , on February 5 , 1988 featured a WrestleMania III rematch between Hogan and André and drew 33 million viewers and a 15.2 rating , which is still the highest-rated television show in American professional wrestling history .", "The first of these , on February 5 , 1988 featured a WrestleMania ...
[ "Saturday Night 's Main Event was a professional wrestling television program produced by WWE .", "Saturday Night 's Main Event was a professional wrestling television show that was aired as a special 36 times by World Wrestling Entertainment ." ]
[ "The Central Collegiate Hockey Association ( CCHA ) was a college athletic conference that participated in the NCAA 's Division I as a hockey-only conference .", "The Central Collegiate Hockey Association ( CCHA ) is a group of colleges and universities , mostly in the Midwestern United States plus one in Alaska ...
[ "The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota on the east ; South Dakota is to the south , Montana is to the west , and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are north .", "North Dakota is south of Manitoba and Saskatchewan , east of Montana , north of South Dakota , and west of Minnes...
[ "An omnibus bill for statehood for North Dakota , South Dakota , Montana , and Washington titled the Enabling Act of 1889 was passed on February 22 , 1889 during the administration of Grover Cleveland , but it was left to his successor , Benjamin Harrison , to sign proclamations formally admitting North Dakota and ...
[ "It is located in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States , bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north , the states of Minnesota to the east , South Dakota to the south , and Montana to the west .", "Montana , South Dakota , and Minnesota are other states in the United S...
[ ", Greek composer Dionysis Boukouvalas 's `` Fantasy on a theme by Steve Reich '' , Canadian composer Paul Frehner 's `` Slowdown . ''", ", Greek composer Dionysis Boukouvalas 's `` Fantasy on a theme by Steve Reich '' and Canadian composer Paul Frehner 's `` Slowdown . ''" ]
[ "Music described as piano six hands ( or piano trio ) is for three pianists at one piano , as distinct from piano duet which is music for two pianists at one or two pianos .", "Music described as piano six hands is for three pianists at one piano , as distinct from piano duet which is music for two pianists at on...
[ "17 and 741 , Jean Cras 's '' Âmes d'enfants '' , Paul Robinson 's `` Pensees '' and `` Monmartre '' , various pieces by German composer Armin Fuchs , Bulgarian composer Tomislav Baynov 's `` Metrorhythmia 1 '' , John Pitts 's `` Are You Going ? ''", "Compositions include 5 pieces by Percy Grainger , Sergei Rachm...
[ "It is also known as cuprous iodide .", "Copper ( I ) iodide , also known as cuprous iodide , is a chemical compound ." ]
[ "Copper ( I ) iodide , like most `` binary '' ( containing only two elements ) metal halides , is an inorganic polymer .", "Copper does not form a stable copper ( II ) iodide ; copper ( II ) iodide breaks down right away to make copper ( I ) iodide and iodine ." ]
[ "The flower spikes are large and one-sided , with secund , bisexual flowers , each subtended by 2 leathery , green bracts .", "The fragrant flower spikes are large and one-sided , with secund , bisexual flowers , each subtended by 2 leathery , green bracts ." ]
[ "In the temperate zones of Europe many of the hybrid large flowering sorts of gladiolus can be pollinated by small well-known wasps .", "In the temperate zones of Europe many of the hybrid large flowering sorts of gladiolas can be pollinated by small well-known wasps ." ]
[ "Another insect in this zone which can try some of the nectar of the gladioli is the best-known European Hawk-moth Macroglossum stellatarum which usually pollinates many popular garden flowers like Petunia , Zinnia , Dianthus and others .", "Another insect in this zone which can try some of the nectar of the glad...
[ "The South African species were originally pollinated by long-tongued anthrophorine bees , but some changes in the pollination system have occurred , allowing pollination by sunbirds , noctuid and Hawk-moths , long-tongued flies and several others .", "The South African species were originally pollinated by long-...
[ "Gladiolus ( from Latin , the diminutive of gladius , a sword ) is a genus of perennial bulbous flowering plants in the iris family ( Iridaceae ) .", "Gladiolus ( from Latin , the diminutive of gladius , a sword ) is a genus of flowering plants in the iris family ( Iridaceae ) ." ]
[ "In their center must be noticeable the specific pellet-like structure which is the real seed without the fine coat .", "In their center must be noticeable the specific pellet like structure which is the real seed without the fine coat ." ]
[ "It is sometimes called the ` Sword lily ' , but usually by its generic name ( plural gladioli ) .", "Sometimes called the sword lily , the most widely-used English common name for these plants is simply gladiolus ( plural gladioli , gladioluses or sometimes gladiolas ) ." ]
[ "In some seeds this feature is wrinkled with black color .", "In some seeds this structure is wrinkled and with black color ." ]
[ "The Australian Council of National Trusts ( ACNT ) is the peak body for community-based , non-government organizations committed to promoting and conserving Australia 's indigenous , natural and historic heritage .", "The Australian Council of National Trusts ( ACNT ) is a national organization for community-bas...
[ "The driving force behind the establishment of the National Trust in Australia was Annie Forsyth Wyatt ( 1885-1961 ) .", "Annie Forsyth Wyatt ( 1885-1961 ) was the driving force behind the beginning of the National Trust in Australia ." ]
[ "The constituent organizations are : Modelled on the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty and inspired by local campaigns to conserve native bushland and preserve old buildings , the first Australian national trusts were formed in New South Wales in 1947 , South Australia in 1955 and Vic...
[ "Around 1,000,000 visitors experience the properties and their collections in Australia each year .", "Around 1,000,000 people visit the properties and their collections in Australia each year ." ]
[ "Collectively , the constituent National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places ( the majority held in perpetuity ) , and manage a volunteer workforce of 7000 while also employing about 350 people nation-wide .", "Together , the National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places ." ]
[ "Incorporated in 1965 , it federates the eight autonomous National Trusts in each Australian state and internal self-governing territory , providing them with a national secretariat and a national and international presence .", "It provides them with a national office and national and international presence ." ]
[ "The 2006 Commonwealth Games , officially the XVIII Commonwealth Games were held in Melbourne , Victoria , Australia between 15 and 26 March 2006 .", "The 2006 Commonwealth Games were held in Melbourne , Australia between 15 and 26 March 2006 ." ]
[ "The mascot for the games was Karak , a Red-tailed Black Cockatoo ( a threatened species ) .", "The mascot for the games was Karak , a Red-tailed Black Cockatoo ." ]
[ "The following venues were used at the 2006 Commonwealth Games .", "Four of these sports are further broken down into separate disciplines , making a total of 24 disciplines : The following venues were used at the 2006 Commonwealth Games ." ]
[ "It was the largest sporting event to be staged in Melbourne , eclipsing the 1956 Summer Olympics in terms of the number of teams competing , athletes competing , and events being held .", "It was the largest sporting event to be staged in Melbourne , since the 1956 Summer Olympics ." ]
[ "Lavender background and † indicates that the Medal of Honor was received posthumously .", "Lavender background and † indicates that the Medal of Honor was received posthumously" ]
[ "The Tiffany Cross Medal of Honor arose immediately after World War I , as the US Navy decided to recognize via the Medal of Honor two manners of heroism , one in combat and one in the line of a sailor 's profession .", "The Tiffany Cross Medal of Honor was created immediately after World War I . The US Navy deci...
[ "Awardees ' medals often had intricate inscriptions .", "Recipients medals often had intricate inscriptions ." ]
[ "The attorney general serves as a member of the president 's cabinet , and is the only cabinet department head who is not given the title secretary .", "The Attorney General serves as a member of the President 's Cabinet , but is the only cabinet department head who is not given the title Secretary ." ]
[ "The United States Attorney General ( AG ) is the head of the United States Department of Justice ( see 28 U.S.C. § 503 ) concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement officer of the United States government .", "The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Jus...
[ "Her mother was Henry 's second wife , Anne Boleyn .", "She was the daughter of King Henry VIII of England and his second wife , Anne Boleyn ." ]
[ "Elizabeth I ( 7 September 1533 - 24 March 1603 ) was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death .", "Elizabeth I of England ( 7 September 1533 - 24 March 1603 ) was the Queen of England , Ireland , and nominal claimant to Queen of France from 17 November 1558 until she died in 160...
[ "The expedition was led by her former suitor , Robert Dudley , Earl of Leicester .", "Most people believe that she was in love with Robert Dudley , the 1st Earl of Leicester ." ]
[ "Art historian Andre Berne-Joffroy said of him : `` What begins in the work of Caravaggio is , quite simply , modern painting . ''", "Andre Berne-Joffroy , Paul Valéry 's secretary , said that : `` What begins in the work of Caravaggio is , quite simply , modern painting . ''" ]
[ "Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa .", "Polk County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa ." ]
[ "The first courthouse , a two-story structure , was built in 1846 .", "The first courthouse was built in 1846 ." ]
[ "According to the 2000 census , the county has a total area of 591.90 square miles ( 1,533.0 km2 ) , of which 569.35 square miles ( 1,474.6 km2 ) ( or 96.19 % ) is land and 22.55 square miles ( 58.4 km2 ) ( or 3.81 % ) is water .", "Of this , 569.35 square miles ( 1,474.6 km2 ) ( or 96.19 % ) is land and 22.55 sq...
[ "The county seat is Des Moines , which is also the capital city of Iowa .", "Des Moines is also the capital city of Iowa ." ]
[ "Links from non-article namespaces are allowed , but still may need to be disambiguated .", "Links from namespaces other than articles are allowed , but still may need to be disambiguated ." ]
[ "Redirects to disambiguation pages ( e.g. residuals redirects to residual , which is a disambiguation page ) are not considered to be within the article namespace for purposes of this guideline .", "Redirects to disambiguation pages are not considered to be within the article namespace for purposes of this guidel...
[ "Ideally , article namespace pages should not link to disambiguation pages , except when the ambiguity of a term is being discussed ( as in hatnotes mentioning that a term has other meanings ) ; instead , links should go directly to the appropriate article .", "Ideally , article pages should not link to disambigu...
[ "Where an article intentionally links to a disambiguation page , that link should be through a `` Foo ( disambiguation ) '' redirect , to make it clear that the link is intentional .", "Where an article links to a disambiguation page on purpose , that link should be through a ( ( Foo ( disambiguation ) ) ) redire...
[ "Denslow illustrated an edition of traditional nursery rhymes titled Denslow 's Mother Goose ( 1901 ) , along with Denslow 's Night Before Christmas ( 1902 ) and the 18-volume Denslow 's Picture Books series ( 1903-04 ) .", "Denslow illustrated Denslow 's Mother Goose in 1901 , and Denslow 's Night Before Christm...
[ "He also created the comic strip Billy Bounce , notable as one of the earliest comic strips in which the protagonist has some manner of super powers .", "He created the comic strip `` Billy Bounce '' ." ]
[ "Besides The Wonderful Wizard of Oz , Denslow also illustrated Baum 's books By the Candelabra 's Glare , Father Goose : His Book , and Dot and Tot of Merryland .", "Denslow illustrated L. Frank Baum 's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and other books by Baum ." ]
[ "William Wallace `` W. W. '' Denslow ( May 25 , 1856 - May 27 , 1915 ) was an American illustrator and caricaturist remembered for his work in collaboration with author L. Frank Baum , especially his illustrations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz .", "William Wallace Denslow ( 5 May 1856 - 27 May 1915 ) is known as ...
[ "Salland is a historical dominion in the west and north of the present Dutch province of Overijssel .", "Salland is a historical region in the west and north of the present Dutch province of Overijssel ." ]
[ "The borders of Salland are not well defined , but the largest area which may be indicated by Salland , corresponding to the historical dominion , is bound to the west by the provincial border with Gelderland , which is partly formed by river IJssel ; to the north by the Meppelerdiep stream and the provincial borde...
[ "Maureen Ann `` Moe '' Tucker ( born August 26 , 1944 , in Levittown , New York ) is a musician best known for having been the drummer for the rock group the Velvet Underground .", "Maureen ( `` Mo '' or `` Moe '' ) Tucker ( born August 26 , 1944 in Levittown , New York ) is an American musician , best known as t...
[ "She played standing up rather than seated ( for easier access to the bass drum ) , using a simplified drum kit of tom toms , a snare drum and an upturned bass drum , playing with mallets rather than drumsticks .", "Tucker turned her bass drum on its side , and began playing with mallets instead of drumsticks , s...
[ "Tipper Gore , wife of Vice President Al Gore , was active in several campaigns to remove material she found objectionable from popular American entertainment like movies , television shows and music , starting when her husband was a senator .", "Tipper Gore , wife of Vice President Al Gore of Tennessee , was act...
[ "Second Lady of the United States is an informal title for the wife of the Vice President of the United States , coined in contrast to the First Lady ( who is almost always the wife of the president ) .", "The Second Lady of the United States is the wife of the Vice President of the United States ." ]
[ "Although the role of the First Lady as White House hostess dates from the beginning of the republic ( and was typically filled by another member of the president 's family if the president was unmarried or a widower ) , with a few exceptions , it was generally not until the late 20th century and early 21st century...
[ "Edward Winslow lost his wife Elizabeth on March 24 , 1621 .", "Edward Winslow had lost his wife Elizabeth on March 24 , 1621 ." ]
[ "In 1646 , Winslow began working for Oliver Cromwell , Lord Protector .", "In 1646 , Winslow began working for Oliver Cromwell ." ]
[ "In 1613 Edward Winslow was apprenticed to a London printer .", "In 1613 Winslow was apprenticed to a London printer ." ]
[ "Also in Winslow Cemetery is a memorial stone w\\/plaque stating `` Edward Winslow , Founder of Marshfield '' .", "There is another memorial stone w\\/plaque stating `` Edward Winslow , Founder of Marshfield '' ." ]
[ "Merchant Adventurer investment group agent Thomas Weston assisted them in this venture by providing the ship Mayflower for their journey .", "Thomas Weston helped them by providing the ship Mayflower for their journey ." ]
[ "And just a month and half later , on May 12 , 1621 , Edward Winslow and Susanna White became the first couple to marry in Plymouth Colony .", "In 1621 , Edward Winslow and Susanna White became the first couple to marry in Plymouth Colony ." ]
[ "Traveling on the Mayflower in company with the Winslows were his brother Gilbert and family servant\\/employee George Soule and a youth , Elias Story .", "Winslow 's brother Gilbert and family servant George Soule and a youth , Elias Story went with him ." ]
[ "Elinor perished the winter of 1620 with only one brother Richard More surviving .", "Elinor ( Ellen ) More , a girl of eight years , also went with them Elinor perished the winter of 1620 with only one brother Richard More surviving ." ]
[ "In 1617 Edward Winslow traveled to Leiden , Holland and worked with William Brewster as a printer .", "It was illegal to be a Separatist in England , so in 1617 Edward Winslow moved to Leiden , Netherlands where he worked with William Brewster ." ]
[ "Winslow Cemetery in Marshfield , Massachusetts has a stone monument to `` The Settlers of Green Harbor Marshfield '' with the name of Edward Winslow and his wife Susannah ( White ) and many others .", "Winslow Cemetery in Marshfield , Massachusetts has a stone monument which lists the names of the Winslow family...
[ "The Mayflower Compact was signed that day .", "Winslow signed the Mayflower Compact ." ]
[ "In the spring of 1621 , Winslow and the others attended what would become known as the first Thanksgiving .", "In 1621 , Winslow and the others attended what would have the first Thanksgiving ." ]
[ "Winslow had established a friendship with native leader Massasoit , whose people were trading with the colonists .", "Winslow had a friendship with native leader Massasoit ." ]
[ "King James I ordered Brewster 's arrest , and when the king 's men came to seize him , he was forced into hiding , first in Holland and later in England .", "The English King ordered Brewster 's arrest , and he was forced to hide ." ]
[ "The small , 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of about 30-40 in extremely cramped conditions .", "There were 102 passengers and 30-40 crew ." ]
[ "The Mayflower departed Plymouth , England on September 6\\/16 , 1620 .", "Edward Winslow left Plymouth , England on 16 September 1620 ." ]
[ "By the early 1640s England was engaged in a great civil war .", "England had a civil war in the 1640s ." ]
[ "The following year , despite the adversities of the winter , the colonists were able to load the Fortune for England with enough furs and other supplies to pay for over half of their indebtedness to the Merchant Adventurers , but the ship was attacked by the French as it came near the English coast and all the car...
[ "Edward Winslow ( October 18 , 1595 - May 8 , 1655 ) was a Separatist who traveled on the Mayflower in 1620 .", "Edward Winslow ( 1595 - May 8 , 1655 ) traveled on the Mayflower in 1620 so he could practice his own religion which was not allowed in England ." ]
[ "Not all virus infections produce a protective immune response in this way .", "Not all virus infections produce a protective immune response ." ]
[ "Their genomic dsRNA remains protected inside the core of the virion .", "The genomic dsRNA remains protected inside the core of the virion ." ]
[ "Cells such as the macrophage are specialists at this antigen presentation .", "Cells such as macrophages are specialists at this ` antigen presentation ' ." ]
[ "However , some viruses including those that cause AIDS and viral hepatitis evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections .", "However , some viruses including those causing AIDS and viral hepatitis evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections ." ]
[ "Most DNA viruses are entirely dependent on the host cell 's DNA and RNA synthesising machinery , and RNA processing machinery ; however , viruses with larger genomes may encode much of this machinery themselves .", "Most DNA viruses are entirely dependent on the host cell 's DNA and RNA synthesising machinery , ...
[ "In general , viruses are much smaller than bacteria .", "Viruses are much smaller than bacteria ." ]
[ "They are susceptible to antiviral drugs that inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme , e.g. zidovudine and lamivudine .", "They are susceptible to antiviral drugs that inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme ." ]
[ "These persistent viruses evade immune control by sequestration , blockade of antigen presentation , cytokine resistance , evasion of natural killer cell activities , escape from apoptosis , and antigenic shift .", "These persistent viruses evade immune control by sequestration ( hiding away ) ; blocking antigen ...