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Wahlwort (nonsense word or filler) is a cryptographic term used particularly in connection with the Wehrmacht, which used wahlworts on their Enigma rotor machine in the encryption of their communication in World War II. The term describes a randomly selected word which was inserted at the beginning or end of the radiogram plaintext. The wahlwort was intended to hinder the enemy's cryptanalysis and prevent the decryption of the ciphertext | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A self-replicating machine is a type of autonomous robot that is capable of reproducing itself autonomously using raw materials found in the environment, thus exhibiting self-replication in a way analogous to that found in nature. Such machines are often featured in works of science fiction.
In anime, comics, and manga
Anime
In the anime Vandread, harvester ships attack vessels from both male- and female-dominated factions and harvest hull, reactors, and computer components to make more of themselves | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The Berserker series is a series of space opera science fiction short stories and novels by Fred Saberhagen, in which robotic self-replicating machines strive to destroy all life.
These Berserkers, named after the human berserker warriors of Norse legend, are doomsday weapons left over from an interstellar war between two races of extraterrestrials. They all have machine intelligence, and their sizes range from that of an asteroid, in the case of an automated repair and construction base, down to human size (and shape) or smaller | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Bloom, written in 1998, is the fifth science fiction novel written by Wil McCarthy. It was first released as a hardcover in September 1998. Almost a year later, in August 1999, its first mass market edition was published | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Surface Detail by Iain M. Banks is a science fiction novel in his Culture series, first published in the UK on 7 October 2010 and the US on 28 October 2010.
Synopsis
The events of Surface Detail take place around 2970 AD, according to Banks | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Tacony Corporation is a manufacturer and wholesale distributor of vacuum cleaners, sewing machines, ceiling fans, and commercial floor care equipment based in the St. Louis suburb of Fenton, Missouri. The family-owned and operated business, whose products are sold through a vast network of independent dealers, employs over 650 people in twelve offices worldwide | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Sex robots or sexbots are anthropomorphic robotic sex dolls that have a humanoid form, human-like movement or behavior, and some degree of artificial intelligence. As of 2018, although elaborately instrumented sex dolls have been created by a number of inventors, no fully animated sex robots yet exist. Simple devices have been created which can speak, make facial expressions, or respond to touch | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Frankissstein: A Love Story is a 2019 novel by Jeanette Winterson. It was published on 28 May 2019 by Jonathan Cape. The novel employs speculative fiction and historical fiction to reimagine Mary Shelley's classic novel Frankenstein (1818) | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Robot fetishism (also ASFR, technosexuality, robophilia and robosexuality) is a fetishistic attraction to humanoid robots; also to people acting like robots or people dressed in robot costumes. A less common fantasy involves transformation into a robot. In these ways it is similar to agalmatophilia, which involves attraction to or transformation into statues or mannequins | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A gear is a rotating circular machine part having cut teeth or, in the case of a cogwheel or gearwheel, inserted teeth (called cogs), which mesh with another (compatible) toothed part to transmit (convert) torque and speed. The basic principle behind the operation of gears is analogous to the basic principle of levers. A gear may also be known informally as a cog | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth-bearing faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped. Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. The pitch surface of bevel gears is a cone, known as a pitch cone | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A cycloidal drive or cycloidal speed reducer is a mechanism for reducing the speed of an input shaft by a certain ratio. Cycloidal speed reducers are capable of relatively high ratios in compact sizes with very low backlash. The input shaft drives an eccentric bearing that in turn drives the cycloidal disc in an eccentric, cycloidal motion | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A differential is a gear train with three drive shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others. A common use of differentials is in motor vehicles, to allow the wheels at each end of a drive axle to rotate at different speeds while cornering. Other uses include clocks and analog computers | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A duplex worm or dual lead worm is a worm gear set where the two flanks are manufactured with slightly different modules and/or diameter quotients. As a result of this, different lead angles on both tooth profiles are obtained, so that the tooth thickness is continuously increasing all over the worm length, while the gap between two threads is decreasing. This allows control of backlash | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Dynamic simulation (or dynamic system simulation) is the use of a computer program to model the time-varying behavior of a dynamical system. The systems are typically described by ordinary differential equations or partial differential equations. A simulation run solves the state-equation system to find the behavior of the state variables over a specified period of time | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
An epicyclic gear train (also known as a planetary gearset) consists of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves around the center of the other. A carrier connects the centers of the two gears and rotates the planet and sun gears mesh so that their pitch circles roll without slip. A point on the pitch circle of the planet gear traces an epicycloid curve | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Gashing is a machining process used to rough out coarse pitched gears and sprockets. It is commonly used on worm wheels before hobbing, but also used on internal and external spur gears, bevel gears, helical gears, and gear racks. The process is performed on gashers or universal milling machines, especially in the case of worm wheels | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A gear bearing is a type of rolling-element bearing similar to an epicyclic gear. Gear bearings consist of a number of smaller 'satellite' gears which revolve around the center of the bearing along a track on the outsides of the internal and satellite gears, and on the inside of the external gear. Each gear is in between two concentric rings | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Gear cutting is any machining process for creating a gear. The most common gear-cutting processes include hobbing, broaching, milling, grinding, and skiving. Such cutting operations may occur either after or instead of forming processes such as forging, extruding, investment casting, or sand casting | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Gear manufacturing refers to the making of gears. Gears can be manufactured by a variety of processes, including casting, forging, extrusion, powder metallurgy, and blanking. As a general rule, however, machining is applied to achieve the final dimensions, shape and surface finish in the gear | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Gear oil is a lubricant made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and differentials in automobiles, trucks, and other machinery. It has high viscosity and usually contains organosulfur compounds. Some modern automatic transaxles (integrated transmission and differential) do not use a heavy oil at all but lubricate with the lower viscosity hydraulic fluid, which is available at pressure within the automatic transmission | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A gear shaper is a machine tool for cutting the teeth of internal or external gears, it is a specialised application of the more general shaper machine. The name shaper relates to the fact that the cutter engages the part on the forward stroke and pulls away from the part on the return stroke, just like the clapper box on a planer shaper. The cutting tool is also gear shaped having the same pitch as the gear to be cut | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The Versatile Laboratory Aid (VELA) is a 4-channel data logging tool that was created as part of a joint venture by Ashley Clarke, Keith Jones and David Binney of Leeds University and Educational Electronics. The VELA was designed to be used as a stand-alone data logger that could be used out in the field and it could then be taken back to the laboratory where it could be connected to a chart printer, oscilloscope or microcomputer for data analysis purposes.
The VELA was designed and built with the intention that it would be used in schools and Universities to monitor Physics and Chemistry experiments as it could be attached to all manner or analogue probes and sensors such as pH meters, temperature sensors, light gates, Signal generator and microphones | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A Contact Region is a concept in robotics which describes the region between an object and a robot’s end effector. This is used in object manipulation planning, and with the addition of sensors built into the manipulation system, can be used to produce a surface map or contact model of the object being grasped.
In Robotics
For a robot to autonomously grasp an object, it is necessary for the robot to have an understanding of its own construction and movement capabilities (described through the math of inverse kinematics), and an understanding of the object to be grasped | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A cyborg ()—a portmanteau of cybernetic and organism—is a being with both organic and biomechatronic body parts. The term was coined in 1960 by Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Data-driven control systems are a broad family of control systems, in which the identification of the process model and/or the design of the controller are based entirely on experimental data collected from the plant. In many control applications, trying to write a mathematical model of the plant is considered a hard task, requiring efforts and time to the process and control engineers. This problem is overcome by data-driven methods, which fit a system model to the experimental data collected, choosing it in a specific models class | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Elfmania is a 2D fighting game developed by Terramarque and released by Renegade Software in 1994 for the Amiga.
Gameplay
The gameplay is a standard fighting game, but Elfmania does not have special moves triggered by various button combinations, as is typical in most other games of this type. Instead, there are only a few standard attacks and one special move for each character | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
F/A-18 Interceptor is a combat flight simulator developed by Intellisoft and published by Electronic Arts for the Amiga in 1988. The player mainly flies the F/A-18 Hornet, but the F-16 Fighting Falcon is also available for aerobatics, free flight and the first mission. Contrary to the title of the game, the real F/A-18 is not a true interceptor aircraft, having been designed instead as a multirole anti-ship strike fighter | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
== General ==
For scientific plotting applications, Gist is a scientific graphics library written in C by David H. Munro of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. It supports three graphics output devices: X Window, PostScript, and Computer Graphics Metafiles (CGM) | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
gPhoto is a set of software applications and libraries for use in digital photography. gPhoto supports not just retrieving of images from camera devices, but also upload and remote controlled configuration and capture, depending on whether the camera supports those features.
Released under the GNU Lesser General Public License, gPhoto is free software | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
GpsDrive is a computer program designed to act as a vehicle navigation system. The program displays its user's position, obtained from an NMEA-capable GPS receiver, on a zoomable map drawn on a computer screen. The map file is automatically selected depending on the position and preferred scale | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ical is a calendar package written in Tcl/Tk by Sanjay Ghemawat for Unix systems. ical is known for its simple, intuitive interface. It's possible for Tcl/Tk programmers to extend ical with custom functionality | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The Image Packaging System, also known as IPS or pkg(5), is a cross-platform package management system created by the OpenSolaris community in coordination with Sun Microsystems. It is used by Solaris 11 and several illumos-based distributions: OpenIndiana, OmniOS, XStreamOS and a growing number of layered applications, including GlassFish, across a variety of OS platforms. IPS is coded in the Python programming language | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
indent is a Unix utility that reformats C and C++ code in a user-defined indentation style and coding style. Support for C++ code is minimal. The original version of indent was written by David Willcox at the University of Illinois in November 1976 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The install command is a Unix program used to copy files and set file permissions. Some implementations offer to invoke strip while installing executable files.
The command is not defined in POSIX | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
IPFilter (commonly referred to as ipf) is an open-source software package that provides firewall services and network address translation (NAT) for many Unix-like operating systems. The author and software maintainer is Darren Reed. IPFilter supports both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols, and is a stateful firewall | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ipsectrace is a software tool designed by Wayne Schroeder to help profile IPsec connections in a packet capture (PCP) file. The program uses a command line interface to point at a PCP capture and informs the user about what is going on. It is somewhat inspired by tcptrace, which uses the same input of PCP files | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Ispell is a spelling checker for Unix that supports most Western languages. It offers several interfaces, including a programmatic interface for use by editors such as Emacs. Unlike GNU Aspell, ispell will only suggest corrections that are based on a Damerau–Levenshtein distance of 1; it will not attempt to guess more distant corrections based on English pronunciation rules | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
J-Pilot is an open-source GTK+-based desktop organizer for Unix-like systems written by Judd Montgomery, designed to work with Palm OS-based handheld PDAs. It uses the pilot-link libraries to communicate with Palm devices. It is released under the GNU GPL, version 2 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
join is a command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems that merges the lines of two sorted text files based on the presence of a common field. It is similar to the join operator used in relational databases but operating on text files.
Overview
The join command takes as input two text files and a number of options | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
In the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) and its descendants, kernfs is a pseudo file system that provides access to information on the currently running kernel. The file system itself and its content are dynamically generated when the operating system is booted, and the kernfs is often mounted at the /kern directory. As a result of its nature, kernfs does not consist of actual files on a storage device, allowing instead processes to retrieve system information by accessing virtual files | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
In computer performance testing, Khornerstone is a multipurpose benchmark from Workstation Labs used in various periodicals such as UNIX Review.
The benchmark consists of 22 separate tests, including public domain components (such as Sieve and Dhrystone) as well as proprietary components. Since it contains proprietary components, the source is not free | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ktrace is a utility included with certain versions of BSD Unix and Mac OS X that traces kernel interaction with a program and dumps it to disk for the purposes of debugging and analysis. Traced kernel operations include system calls, name translations, signal processing, and I/O. Trace files generated by ktrace (named ktrace | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Libdmc is a library designed at the LIP6 laboratory. Its goal is to ease the distribution of existing model checkers. It has also been designed to provide the most generic interfaces, without sacrificing performance, thanks to the C++ language | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A line discipline (LDISC) is a layer in the terminal subsystem in some Unix-like systems. The terminal subsystem consists of three layers: the upper layer to provide the character device interface, the lower hardware driver to communicate with the hardware or pseudo terminal, and the middle line discipline to implement behavior common to terminal devices.
The line discipline glues the low level device driver code with the high level generic interface routines (such as read(2), write(2) and ioctl(2)), and is responsible for implementing the semantics associated with the device | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The link utility is a Unix command line program that creates a hard link from an existing directory entry to a new directory entry. It does no more than call the link() system function. It does not perform error checking before attempting to create the link | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
locate is a Unix utility which serves to find files on filesystems. It searches through a prebuilt database of files generated by the updatedb command or by a daemon and compressed using incremental encoding. It operates significantly faster than find, but requires regular updating of the database | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
;login: is a long-running technical journal published by the USENIX Association, focusing on the UNIX operating system and system administration in general. It was founded by Mel Ferentz in 1975 as UNIX News, changing its name to ;login: in 1977. Currently, issues from 1997 through the present are available online directly from USENIX, whereas issues between 1983 and 2000 have been archived in the Internet Archive since 2018 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
In computer software, logname (stands for Login Name) is a program in Unix and Unix-like operating systems that prints the name of the user who is currently logged in on the terminal. It usually corresponds to the LOGNAME variable in the system-state environment (but this variable could have been modified).
History
The logname system call and command appeared for the first time in UNIX System III | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
lorcon (acronym for Loss Of Radio CONnectivity) is an open source network tool. It is a library for injecting 802. 11 (WLAN) frames, capable of injecting via multiple driver frameworks, without the need to change the application code | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ltrace is a debugging utility in Linux, used to display the calls a userspace application makes to shared libraries. It does this by hooking into the dynamic loading system, allowing it to insert shims which display the parameters which the applications uses when making the call, and the return value which the library call reports. ltrace can also trace Linux system calls | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
LUnix (short for "Little Unix") is a Unix-like multi-tasking operating system designed to run natively on the Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 home computer systems. It supports TCP/IP networking (SLIP or PPP using an RS-232 interface). Unlike most Unix-like systems, LUnix is written in 6502 assembly language instead of C | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
MachTen is a Unix-like operating system from Tenon Intersystems. It is based on 4. 4BSD and the Mach kernel, and features the X Window System and GNU programming tools | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
mail is a command-line email client for Unix and Unix-like operating systems.
History
"Electronic mail was there from the start", Douglas McIlroy writes in his article "A Research UNIX Reader: Annotated Excerpts from the Programmer’s Manual, 1971-1986", and so a mail command was included in the first released version of research Unix, First Edition Unix.
This version of mail was capable to send (append) messages to the mailboxes of other users on the Unix system, and it helped managing (reading) the mailbox of the current user | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Maildrop is a Mail delivery agent used by the Courier Mail Server. The maildrop Mail Delivery Agent (MDA) also includes filtering functionality.
Maildrop receives mail via stdin and delivers in both Maildir and mbox formats | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
MailScanner is an open source email security system for use on Unix email gateways and was first released in 2001. It protects against viruses, spam, malware, and phishing. It is distributed under the GNU General Public License | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Many computer systems display a message of the day or welcome message when a user first connects to them, logs in to them, or starts them. It is a way of sending a common message to all users, and may include information about system changes, system availability, and so on. More recently, systems have displayed personalized messages of the day | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Monit is a free, open-source process supervision tool for Unix and Linux. With Monit, system status can be viewed directly from the command line, or via the native HTTP(S) web server. Monit is able to do automatic maintenance, repair, and run meaningful causal actions in error situations | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
most is a terminal pager program on Unix, OpenVMS, MS-DOS, Windows and Unix-like systems used to view (but not change) the contents of a text file one screen at a time. Programs of this sort are called pagers. It is similar to more, but has the extended capability of allowing both forward and backward navigation through the file, and can scroll left and right | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
mpstat is a computer command-line software used in Unix-type operating systems to report (on the screen) processor-related statistics. It is used in computer monitoring in order to diagnose problems or to build statistics about a computer's CPU usage.
Description
The mpstat command writes to standard output activities for each available processor | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ncdu (NCurses Disk Usage) is a disk utility for Unix systems. Its name refers to its similar purpose to the du utility, but ncdu uses a text-based user interface under the [n]curses programming library. Users can navigate the list using the arrow keys and delete files that are taking up too much space by pressing the 'd' key | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ne (for "nice editor") is a console text editor for POSIX computer operating systems such as Linux or Mac OS X. It uses the terminfo library, but it can also be compiled using a bundled copy of the GNU termcap implementation. There is also a Cygwin version | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
nm (name mangling) is a Unix command used to dump the symbol table and their attributes from a binary executable file (including libraries, compiled object modules, shared-object files, and standalone executables).
The output from nm distinguishes between various symbol types. For example, it differentiates between a function that is supplied by an object module and a function that is required by it | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
nroff (short for "new roff") is a text-formatting program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It produces output suitable for simple fixed-width printers and terminal windows. It is an integral part of the Unix help system, being used to format man pages for display | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
objdump is a command-line program for displaying various information about object files on Unix-like operating systems. For instance, it can be used as a disassembler to view an executable in assembly form. It is part of the GNU Binutils for fine-grained control over executables and other binary data | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
OpenBGPD, also known as OpenBSD Border Gateway Protocol Daemon, is a server software program that allows general purpose computers to be used as routers. It is a Unix system daemon that provides a free, open-source implementation of the Border Gateway Protocol version 4. This allows a machine to exchange routes with other systems that speak BGP | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
OpenBSM is an open source implementation of Sun's Basic Security Module (BSM) Audit API and file format. BSM, which is a system used for auditing, describes a set of system call and library interfaces for managing audit records as well as a token stream file format that permits extensible and generalized audit trail processing.
OpenBSM includes system include files appropriate for inclusion in an operating system implementation of Audit, libbsm, an implementation of the BSM library interfaces for generating, parsing, and managing audit records, auditreduce and praudit, audit reduction and printing tools, API documentation, and sample /etc configuration files | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
OPIE is the initialism of "One time Passwords In Everything".
Opie is a mature, Unix-like login and password package
installed on the server and the client which makes untrusted networks safer against password-sniffing packet-analysis software like dSniff and safe against shoulder surfing.
It works by circumventing the delayed attack method because the same password is never used twice after installing Opie | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The computer program par is a text formatting utility for Unix and Unix-like operating systems, written by Adam M. Costello as a replacement for the fmt command.
Par reformats paragraphs of text to fit into a given line length optimally, keeping prefixes and suffixes intact, which is useful for formatting source code comments | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
PC-UX is a discontinued NEC port of UNIX System III for their APC III and PC-9801 personal computer. It had extensive graphics capability. PC-UX and MS-DOS could reside on the same hard drive | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
pg is a terminal pager program on Unix and Unix-like systems for viewing text files. It can also be used to page through the output of a command via a pipe. pg uses an interface similar to vi, but commands are different | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Plan 9 from User Space (also plan9port or p9p) is a port of many Plan 9 from Bell Labs libraries and applications to Unix-like operating systems. Currently it has been tested on a variety of operating systems including: Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris and SunOS. The project's name is a reference to the 1950s Ed Wood film Plan 9 from Outer Space | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
pstree is a Linux command that shows the running processes as a tree. It is used as a more visual alternative to the ps command. The root of the tree is either init or the process with the given pid | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ptx is a Unix utility, named after the permuted index algorithm which it uses to produce a search or concordance report in the Keyword in Context (KWIC) format. It is available on most Unix and Unix-like operating systems (e. g | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Raspcontrol is a web-based system monitoring tool designed primarily for the Raspberry Pi but is compatible with Unix like systems too. The source code is open-source.
The control panel allows the end user to manage service such as Apache, SSH and view vital Raspberry Pi/System information over the web | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
readelf is a program for displaying various information about object files on Unix-like systems such as objdump. It is part of the GNU binutils.
readelf and objdump
Both programs are capable of displaying the contents of ELF format files, so why does the binutils project have two file dumpers ?
The reason is that objdump sees an ELF file through a BFD filter of the world; if BFD has a bug where, say, it disagrees about a machine constant in e_flags, then the odds are good that it will remain internally
consistent | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
rkhunter (Rootkit Hunter) is a Unix-based tool that scans for rootkits, backdoors and possible local exploits. It does this by comparing SHA-1 hashes of important files with known good ones in online databases, searching for default directories (of rootkits), wrong permissions, hidden files, suspicious strings in kernel modules, and special tests for Linux and FreeBSD. rkhunter is notable due to its inclusion in popular operating systems (Fedora, Debian, etc | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Ruby Version Manager, often abbreviated as RVM, is a software platform for Unix-like operating systems designed to manage multiple installations of Ruby on the same device. The entire Ruby environment including the Ruby interpreter, installed RubyGems (gems), and documentation is partitioned. A developer can then switch between the different versions to work on several projects with different version requirements | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
runit is an init and service management scheme for Unix-like operating systems that initializes, supervises, and ends processes throughout the operating system. Runit is a reimplementation of the daemontools process supervision toolkit that runs on many Linux-based operating systems, as well as BSD, and Solaris operating systems. Runit features parallelization of the start up of system services, which can speed up the boot time of the operating system | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The script command is a Unix utility that records a terminal session. It dates back to the 1979 3. 0 BSD | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
SDB is a symbolic debugger for C programs. It may be used to examine their files and to provide a controlled environment for their execution.
SDB was first introduced in UNIX/32V | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
securelevel is a security mechanism in *BSD kernels, which can optionally restrict certain capabilities. Securelevel is controlled by the sysctl variable kern. securelevel | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
spamd is an ISC-licensed lightweight spam-deferral daemon written under the umbrella of the OpenBSD project. spamd works directly with smtp connections, and supports features such as greylisting, minimising false positives compared to a system that does full-body analysis. spamd is designed to work in conjunction with pf(4), and should be fully functional on any POSIX system where pf is available, i | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
spl (short for set priority level, after the PDP-11 assembler instruction of the same name) is the name for a collection of Unix kernel routines or macros used to change the interrupt priority level. This was historically needed to synchronize critical sections of kernel code that should not be interrupted. Newer Unix variants which support symmetric multiprocessing now mostly use mutexes for this purpose, which is a more general solution, so multiple processors can execute kernel code at the same time | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
split is a utility on Unix, Plan 9, and Unix-like operating systems most commonly used to split a computer file into two or more smaller files.
History
The split command first appeared in Version 3 Unix and is part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
SquidGuard is a URL redirector software, which can be used for content control of websites users can access. It is written as a plug-in for Squid and uses blacklists to define sites for which access is redirected. SquidGuard must be installed on a Unix or Linux computer such as a server computer | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
In computer software, strings is a program in Unix, Plan 9, Inferno, and Unix-like operating systems that finds and prints the strings of printable characters in files. The files can be of regular text files or binary files such as executables. It can be used on object files and core dumps | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
SUPER-UX was a version of the Unix operating system from NEC that is used on its SX series of supercomputers.
History
The initial version of SUPER-UX was based on UNIX System V version 3. 1 with features from BSD 4 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
SWISH-E stands for Simple Web Indexing System for Humans - Enhanced. It is used to index collections of documents ranging up to one million documents in size and includes import filters for many document types.
SWISH-E is based on SWISH, developed by Kevin Hughes | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
A symlink race is a kind of software security vulnerability that results from a program creating files in an insecure manner. A malicious user can create a symbolic link to a file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program creates a file of the same name as the symbolic link, it actually creates the linked-to file instead, possibly inserting content desired by the malicious user (see example below), or even provided by the malicious user (as input to the program) | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
sysjail is a defunct user-land virtualiser for systems supporting the systrace library - as of version 1. 0 limited to OpenBSD, NetBSD and MirOS. Its original design was inspired by FreeBSD jail, a similar utility (although part of the kernel) for FreeBSD | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
tcptrace is a free and open-source tool for analyzing TCP dump files. It accepts as input files produced by packet-capture programs, including tcpdump, Wireshark, and snoop.
tcptrace can produce several different types of output containing information on each connection seen, such as elapsed time, bytes and segments sent and received, retransmissions, round trip times, window advertisements, and throughput | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Textadept is a free software minimalist text editor designed for computer programming. Distributed under the MIT license, it is written in C, C++ and Lua and is extensible using Lua. Textadept can use either a graphical user interface or a text-based user interface when running in a terminal window | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
thttpd (tiny/turbo/throttling HTTP server) is an open source software web server from ACME Laboratories, designed for simplicity, a small execution footprint and speed.
Design and features
thttpd is single-threaded and portable: it compiles cleanly on most Unix-like operating systems, including FreeBSD, SunOS 4, Solaris 2, BSD/OS, Linux, and OSF/1. It has an executable memory size of about 50 kB | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
TMPDIR is the canonical environment variable in Unix and POSIX that should be used to specify a temporary directory for scratch space. Most Unix programs will honor this setting and use its value to denote the scratch area for temporary files instead of the common default of /tmp or /var/tmp. Other forms sometimes accepted are TEMP, TEMPDIR and TMP, but these alternatives are used more commonly by non-POSIX operating systems or non-conformant programs | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
ucspi-tcp is a public domain Unix TCP command-line tool for building TCP client-server applications. It consists of super-server tcpserver and tcpclient application.
From "Life with qmail", Dave Sill, 2 January 2006 (Appendix B | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
unix2dos (sometimes named todos or u2d) is a tool to convert line breaks in a text file from Unix format (Line feed) to DOS format (carriage return + Line feed) and vice versa. When invoked as unix2dos the program will convert a Unix text file to DOS format, when invoked as dos2unix it will convert a DOS text file to UNIX format.
Usage
Unix2dos and dos2unix are not part of the Unix standard | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
utmp, wtmp, btmp and variants such as utmpx, wtmpx and btmpx are files on Unix-like systems that keep track of all logins and logouts to the system.
Format
utmp, wtmp and btmp
utmp maintains a full accounting of the current status of the system, system boot time (used by uptime), recording user logins at which terminals, logouts, system events etc.
wtmp acts as a historical utmp
btmp records failed login attemptsThese files are not regular text files, but rather a binary format which needs to be edited by specially crafted programs | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
Veriexec is a file-signing scheme for the NetBSD operating system.
It introduces a special device node (/dev/veriexec) through which a signature list can be loaded into the kernel. The list contains file paths, together with hashes and an expected file type ("DIRECT" for executables, "INDIRECT" for scripts and "FILE" for shared libraries and regular files) | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
The command w on many Unix-like operating systems provides a quick summary of every user logged into a computer, what each user is currently doing, and what load all the activity is imposing on the computer itself. The command is a one-command combination of several other Unix programs: who, uptime, and ps -a.
Example
Sample output (which may vary between systems):
$ w
11:12am up 608 day(s), 19:56, 6 users, load average: 0 | https://huggingface.co/datasets/fmars/wiki_stem |
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