text stringlengths 0 73.6k | source stringclasses 4
values |
|---|---|
Artificial intelligence of things-Artificial Intelligence in Cloud Engineering-Cloud engineering follows engineering methods to apply to cloud computing and focuses on technological cloud services. In conceiving, developing, operating, and maintaining cloud computing systems, it adopts a systematic approach to commerci... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Artificial intelligence of things-Artificial Intelligence in Cloud Engineering-With AI, it can bring efficiency to organizations, bringing strategic methods and saving time from repeated tasks. By executing analysis, organizations can save time and be more efficient. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Noradrenergic cell group A6sc-Noradrenergic cell group A6sc-Noradrenergic cell group A6sc is a group of cells fluorescent for norepinephrine that are scattered in the nucleus subceruleus of the macaque., | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Enovis-Enovis-Enovis is a medical technology company with a focus in orthopedics. The company was founded by brothers Mitchell and Steven Rales as the Colfax Corporation in 1995. Enovis is headquartered in Wilmington, Delaware and is listed on the NYSE as ENOV. The company has over 5,000 employees operating at 12 sites... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Enovis-History-The company was founded in 1995 as the Colfax Corporation in Richmond, Virginia, by brothers Steven and Mitchell Rales. In August 1997, Colfax acquired approximately 93% of IMO's common stock through a public tender offer. At the time of the acquisition, IMO was a diversified industrial manufacturer, wit... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Enovis-History-In January 2012, Colfax completed the acquisition of Charter International, the UK-listed parent company of ESAB (welding and cutting) and Howden (air and gas handling products), for $2.4 billion. More than 25 acquisitions were completed from 2012–2019 to build-out the three industrial businesses, fluid ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Enovis-History-In December 2017, Colfax sold its original fluid handling platform to Circor International for cash and stock with a total estimated aggregate consideration of $860 million. In November 2018, Colfax expanded into the medical device space by acquiring DJO Global from The Blackstone Group for $3.15bn. In M... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Range gate pull-off-Range gate pull-off (RGPO) is an electronic warfare technique used to break radar lock-on. The basic concept is to produce a pulse of radio signal similar to the one that the target radar would produce when it reflects off the aircraft. This second pulse is then increasingly dela... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Range gate pull-off-Doppler radars may not use range gates and instead select a single target by narrowly filtering frequencies on either side of the target's initial return. Against these radars, the related velocity gate pull-off (VGPO) can be used. These send a return signal that slowly changes i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Range gate pull-off-Pull-off belongs to the wider family of "deceptive jamming" concepts that use details of the target radar to their advantage, rather than attempting to simply overpower the radar's signal. Alternate names for "pull-off" include "stealing" and "walk-off". A related technique is an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-Range gates and strobing Even the earliest radar systems included a system to highlight a single selected target for further analysis. For instance, 1939's Gun-Laying Mark I, the British Army's first operational radar, used an on-screen cursor known as the strobe to highlight a single ta... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-By the end of the war, many experiments were being carried out on automatic target following, or radar lock-on. In these systems, the operator would select a target using the strobe, and then circuits in the radar would automatically track the target in azimuth and elevation. This elimin... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-In the post-war era the circuitry that produced the strobe and filtered out other returns became more widely known as a range gate.
Range Pull-off While testing a late-war radar design, the AI Mk. IX, a serious problem with the auto-follow system was found. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-While this system was being developed, Bomber Command was pressing the Air Ministry to use "window", better known today as chaff, as a radar countermeasure. Fighter Command pointed out that the Germans could easily copy the system and use it against England, potentially re-opening The Bl... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-Range gate pull-off is essentially an electronic version of window. Instead of producing the secondary return by dropping a packet of foil reflectors, the second return is created by a transponder in the target aircraft. The transponder initially responds as rapidly as possible to the ra... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-One way to reject the signal from the RGPO jammer is to note that the transponder always takes some non-zero time to respond. This means the signal will always have some component that represents the original "skin reflection" before the transponder signal is superimposed. On a plan-posi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-Velocity pull-off Doppler radars directly measure the target's velocity via the Doppler effect. In typical early implementations, the received signal was amplified and then sent into a bank of narrow-band filters, each one corresponding to a particular target velocity. A simpler system i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-Modifying a transponder to deal with Doppler radars is easy, it simply requires it to be able to adjust its frequency. In this case, the system initially responds at the same frequency as the original signal, and then increasingly shifts the frequency over time in a manner similar to the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-Countermeasures The effectiveness of the pull-off can be reduced if the radar changes its pulse repetition frequency, thereby making it difficult for the transponder to continue smoothly delaying the fake signal. Frequency agility has the same effect, as the transponder cannot guess what... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Range gate pull-off-Description-Denying this capability means the signal from the transponder can only respond to signals after hearing them on its receiver. These signals will always represent returns from greater distances than the jammer aircraft. Pulse-to-pulse comparison techniques, like moving target indication, ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acetabular branch of medial circumflex femoral artery-Acetabular branch of medial circumflex femoral artery-The acetabular branch is an artery in the hip that arises from the medial circumflex femoral artery opposite the acetabular notch and enters the hip-joint beneath the transverse ligament in company with an articu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-SmartCode-SmartCode is a unified land development ordinance template for planning and urban design. Originally developed by Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company, this open source program is a model form-based unified land development ordinance designed to create walkable neighborhoods across the full spectrum of hum... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-SmartCode-The SmartCode is not a building code. Building codes address life/safety issues such as fire and storm protection. Examples of building codes include the International Building Code (IBC), International Residential Code (IRC), and International Code Council (ICC) documents. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-SmartCode-In the discussion of Smart Growth as an alternative to urban sprawl, one key aspect often overlooked is the currently prevailing system of community development codes and standards that by design, whether intentionally or not, have promoted subdivisions and strip malls. To change these community set... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-Technical description-Model Code – The SmartCode is a model code, with metrics designed to create a generic medium-sized American city structured into walkable neighborhoods. The model code is freeware, a template meant to be locally customized by professional planners, architects, and attorneys. Form-Based ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-Technical description-Unified Land Development Regulation – The SmartCode is a unified land development code that can include zoning, subdivision regulations, urban design, signage, landscaping, and basic architectural standards.
Walkable Neighborhoods – One of the basic principles in the SmartCode is that to... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-Technical description-Rural-Urban Transect – The zones within the SmartCode are designed to create complete human habitats ranging from the very rural to the very urban. Where conventional zoning categories are based on different land uses, SmartCode zoning categories are based on their rural-urban character.... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-Technical description-Though version 9.0 is only 50 pages, the SmartCode may replace conventional zoning, subdivision, and design regulations, making walkable mixed-use development legal by right. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-Technical description-The first city to adopt a SmartCode as a mandatory overlay for its downtown was Petaluma, California, in June 2003. The City of Miami adopted an exclusive citywide SmartCode in October 2009 and implemented it in May 2010. It is known as Miami21. It was calibrated by Duany Plater-Zyberk &... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
SmartCode-Technical description-The SmartCode also includes additional supplementary “modules” with specialized techniques. The SmartCode Sustainability Module was introduced by Jaime Correa from Jaime Correa and Associates, in the City of Miami; the SmartCode Light Imprint and Drainage Module was designed by Tom Low a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Carryover effect-Carryover effect-The carryover effect is a term used in clinical chemistry to describe the transfer of unwanted material from one container or mixture to another. It describes the influence of one sample upon the following one. It may be from a specimen, or a reagent, or even the washing medium. The si... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Carryover effect-Carryover effect in clinical laboratory-Carryover experiments are widely used for clinical chemistry and immunochemistry analyzers to evaluate and validate carryover effects. The pipetting and washing systems in an automated analyzer are designed to continuously cycle between the aspiration of patient ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Carryover effect-Significance in carryover assessment-The pathological range of measurement could be of several order to reference interval(e.g., Sex hormone, Tumor marker, Troponin...etc.). A small portion of carryover could lead to erroneous results. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Carryover effect-Carryover assessment-IUPAC made a recommendation in 1991 for the description and measurement of carryover effects in clinical chemistry. The carryover ratio is the percentage of H3 carry to L1 constituting the carryover portion "h". In a design of 3 high samples followed by 3 low samples, h can be calc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Interspecies hydrogen transfer-Interspecies hydrogen transfer-Interspecies hydrogen transfer (IHT) is a form of interspecies electron transfer. It is a syntrophic process by which H2 is transferred from one organism to another, particularly in the rumen and other anaerobic environments.IHT was discovered between Methan... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quantitative Discourse Analysis Package-Quantitative Discourse Analysis Package-Quantitative Discourse Analysis Package (qdap) is an R package for computer assisted qualitative data analysis, particularly quantitative discourse analysis, transcript analysis and natural language processing. Qdap is installable from, and... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quantitative Discourse Analysis Package-Alternatives-KH Coder (Windows, Linux, macOS) for quantitative content analysis and text mining. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Yeast expression platform-A yeast expression platform is a strain of yeast used to produce large amounts of proteins, sugars or other compounds for research or industrial uses. While yeast are often more resource-intensive to maintain than bacteria, certain products can only be produced by euk... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Products-Since the onset of genetic engineering, a number of microorganisms have been developed for the production of biological products. These products are used in medicine and industry to create pharmaceuticals like hepatitis B vaccines or insulin. Common platforms for the development of me... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Yeasts are common hosts for the production of proteins from recombinant DNA. They offer relatively easy genetic manipulation and rapid growth to high cell densities on inexpensive media. As eukaryotes, they are able to perform protein modifications like glycosylation which are com... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Arxula adeninivorans Arxula adeninivorans (also called Blastobotrys adeninivorans) is a dimorphic yeast, meaning it grows as a budding yeast up to a temperature of 42 °C, but as a filamentous form at higher temperatures. A. adeninivorans has unusual biochemical characteristics. It... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Candida boidinii Candida boidinii is a yeast notable for its ability to grow on methanol (called methylotrophism). Like other methylotrophic species such as Hansenula polymorpha and Pichia pastoris, it is used as a platform for the production of foreign proteins. Yields in a multi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Ogataea polymorpha Ogataea polymorpha (synonyms Hansenula polymorpha or Pichia angusta) is another methylotrophic yeast (see Candida boidinii). It can grow on a wide range of other substrates; it is thermo-tolerant and can assimilate nitrate (see also Kluyveromyces lactis). It has... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Kluyveromyces lactis Kluyveromyces lactis is a yeast regularly used for the production of kefir. It can grow on several sugars, most importantly on lactose which is present in milk and whey. It has successfully been applied among others to the production of chymosin (an enzyme tha... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Pichia pastoris Pichia pastoris is a methylotrophic yeast (see Candida boidinii and Hansenula polymorpha). It provides an efficient platform for the production of foreign proteins. Platform elements are available as a kit and it is worldwide used in academia for the production of ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Strains used-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the traditional baker’s yeast used widely in brewing and baking. Often the collective term “yeast” is used for this single species. As an expression platform it has successfully been applied to the production of technical enzyme... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Use-The various yeast expression platforms differ in several characteristics, including their productivity and with respect to their capabilities to secrete, to process and to modify proteins in particular examples. However, uses of all expression platforms have some basic similarities. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Yeast expression platform-Use-In order to produce a desired product, suitable yeast strains are transformed with a vector that contains all necessary genetic elements for production of a biological product of interest. Vectors must also contain a selection marker, which is required to select yeast which have successful... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Glass etching-Glass etching, or "French embossing", is a popular technique developed during the mid-1800s that is still widely used in both residential and commercial spaces today. Glass etching comprises the techniques of creating art on the surface of glass by applying acidic, caustic, or abrasive subst... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Techniques-Various techniques are used to achieve an etched surface in glass, whether for artistic effect, or simply to create a translucent surface.
Acid etching is done using hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6) which, when anhydrous, is colourless. The acid can be prepared by mixing quartz powder (silicon d... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Techniques-Abrasive blasting ("sandblasting") is another common technique for creating patterns in glassware, creating a "frosted" look to the glass. It is often used commercially. High-pressure air mixed with an abrasive material cuts away at the glass surface to create the desired effect. The longer the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Techniques-Leptat glass is a glass that has been etched using a patented acid process. Leptat takes its name from the Czech word meaning "to etch", because the technique was inspired by a Bohemian, Czech Republic (former Czechoslovakian) glass exhibit viewed at a past World's Fair in Osaka, Japan, and pat... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Techniques-Mold etching In the 1920s a mold-etch process was invented, in which art was etched directly into the mold, so that each cast piece emerged from the mold with the texture already on the surface of the glass. This reduced manufacturing costs and, combined with a wider use of colored glass, led t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Techniques-Frost etching is the process in which vinyl window material is cut to produce a pattern and then applied to a window to give a frosted patterned effect. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glass etching-Applications-There are many interior and exterior applications for acid-etched glass. Acid-etched glass is widely used for: Enhancing every area where glass can be used and where a little privacy and natural light is desired Creating feature walls or partitions.
Enriching doors and windows Heightening the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Expect-Expect is an extension to the Tcl scripting language written by Don Libes. The program automates interactions with programs that expose a text terminal interface. Expect, originally written in 1990 for the Unix platform, has since become available for Microsoft Windows and other systems. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Basics-Expect is used to automate control of interactive applications such as Telnet, FTP, passwd, fsck, rlogin, tip, SSH, and others. Expect uses pseudo terminals (Unix) or emulates a console (Windows), starts the target program, and then communicates with it, just as a human would, via the terminal or console ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Usage-Expect serves as a "glue" to link existing utilities together. The general idea is to figure out how to make Expect use the system's existing tools rather than figure out how to solve a problem inside of Expect. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Usage-A key usage of Expect involves commercial software products. Many of these products provide some type of command-line interface, but these usually lack the power needed to write scripts. They were built to service the users administering the product, but the company often does not spend the resources to fu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Usage-Every time an Expect operation is completed, the results are stored in a local variable called $expect_out. This allows the script to harvest information to feedback to the user, and it also allows conditional behavior of what to send next based on the circumstances.
A common use of Expect is to set up a t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Usage-Another example is a script that automates FTP: Below is an example that automates SFTP (with a password): Using passwords as command-line arguments, like in this example, is a huge security hole, as any other user on the machine can read this password by running "ps". You can, however, add code that will ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Usage-Another example of automated SSH login to a user machine: | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Expect-Alternatives-Various projects implement Expect-like functionality in other languages, such as C#, Java, Scala, Groovy, Perl, Python, Ruby, Shell and Go. These are generally not exact clones of the original Expect, but the concepts tend to be very similar.
C# Expect.NET — Expect functionality for C# (.NET) DotNet... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Online banking-Online banking, also known as internet banking, virtual banking, web banking or home banking, is a system that enables customers of a bank or other financial institution to conduct a range of financial transactions through the financial institution's website or mobile app. Since the early ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Online banking-The online banking system will typically connect to or be part of the core banking system operated by a bank to provide customers access to banking services in addition to or in place of historic branch banking. Online banking significantly reduces the banks' operating cost by reducing rel... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Online banking-Some banks operate as a "direct bank" or "neobank" that operate entirely via the internet or internet and telephone without having any physical branches relying completely on their online banking facilities. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Precursors The precursor to the modern online banking services was distance banking electronically and by telephone since the early 1980s. The term 'online' became popular in the late 1980s and referred to the use of a terminal, keyboard, and TV or monitor to access the banking system using a pho... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Emergence of computer banking The first home banking service was offered to consumers in December 1980 by United American Bank, a community bank with headquarters in Knoxville, Tennessee. United American partnered with Radio Shack to produce a secure custom modem for its TRS-80 computer that allo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-The first videotext banking service in France was launched on December 20, 1983, by CCF Bank (now part of HSBC). Videotext online Banking services eventually reached 19% market share by 1991The developers of United American Bank's first-to-market computer banking system aimed to license it nation... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Internet and customer reluctance and banking When the clicks-and-bricks euphoria hit in the late 1990s, many banks began to view web-based banking as a strategic imperative. In 1996 OP Financial Group, a cooperative bank, became the second online bank in the world and the first in Europe. The att... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-In 1995, Wells Fargo was the first U.S. bank to add account services to its website, with other banks quickly following suit. That same year, Presidential became the first U.S. bank to open bank accounts over the internet. According to research by Online Banking Report, at the end of 1999 less th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-In 2001, Bank of America became the first bank to top 3 million online banking customers, more than 20% of its customer base. In comparison, larger national institutions, such as Citigroup claimed 2.2 million online relationships globally, while J.P. Morgan Chase estimated it had more than 750,00... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-First online banking services by region The United Kingdom Online banking started in the United Kingdom with the launch of Nottingham Building Society (NBS)'s Homelink service in September 1982, initially on a restricted basis, before it was expanded nationally in 1983. Homelink was delivered thr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-The United States In the United States in-home banking was "is still in its infancy" with banks "cautiously testing consumer interest" in 1984, a year after online banking went national in the UK. At the time Chemical Bank in New York was "still working out the bugs from its service, which offers... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Since it first appeared in the United States, online banking has been federally governed by the Electronic Funds Transfer Act of 1978.
France After a test period with 2,500 users starting in 1984, online banking services were launched in 1988, using Minitel terminals that were distributed freely ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Slovenia Virtual or online banking became a reality in Slovenia in 1997, when SKB bank launched this service under the name of SKB Net. Two years later, they were followed by the largest Slovenian bank, NLB bank, who started offering online banking services in 1999 under the name of NLB Klik. Now... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Ukraine Remote customer service of banks via the internet or Online banking (e-banking) in Ukraine was introduced more than two decades ago. Legal entities have been using the remote control of bank accounts since the mid-1990s. PrivatBank, which launched the “Privat24” system in 2000, became a p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-2007 - the number of Ukrainian banks that introduced Online Banking exceeded 20.
2018 - the ability to manage accounts and make transfers online is available in almost all financial institutions in Ukraine. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Nowadays, the list of Internet banking services, with rare exceptions, repeats the entire product line of banks. With the help of Internet banking (IB), you can not only control the movement of funds in their accounts, but also perform more complex operations: for example, order a payment card or... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Νorth Macedonia Compared to several years ago, when the people living in Macedonia had to go directly to the banks to perform financial transactions, today there is a widely functional e-banking system. Macedonian banks today offer conventional e-banking services, electronic products including de... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-History-Cook Islands The Bank of the Cook Islands introduced online banking in 2015, under the leadership of Vaine Nooana-Arioka. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Operation-To access a bank and online banking facility, a customer with internet access will need to register with the bank for the service, and set up a password and other credentials for customer verification. The customer visits the financial institution's secure website, and enters the online banking... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Operation-Each financial institution can determine the types of financial transactions which a customer may transact through online banking, but usually includes obtaining account balances, a list of recent transactions, electronic bill payments, financing loans and funds transfers between a customer's o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Operation-Some financial institutions offer special internet banking services, for example, Personal financial management support, such as importing data into personal accounting software. Some online banking platforms support account aggregation to allow the customers to monitor all of their accounts in... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Security-Security of a customer's financial information is very important, without which online banking could not operate. Similarly the reputational risks to banks themselves are important. Financial institutions have set up various security processes to reduce the risk of unauthorized online access to ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Security-Though single password authentication is still in use, it by itself is not considered secure enough for online banking in some countries. There are essentially two different security methods in use for online banking: The PIN/TAN system where the PIN represents a password, used for the login and... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Security-Usually online banking with PIN/TAN is done via a web browser using SSL secured connections, so that there is no additional encryption needed.Signature based online banking where all transactions are signed and encrypted digitally. The Keys for the signature generation and encryption can be stor... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Security-Attacks Attacks on online banking used today are based on deceiving the user to steal login data and valid TANs. Two well known examples for those attacks are phishing and pharming. Cross-site scripting and keylogger/Trojan horses can also be used to steal login information.A method to attack si... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Security-Countermeasures There exist several countermeasures which try to avoid attacks. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Security-Whatever operating system is used, it is advised that the operating system is still supported, and properly patched.Digital certificates are used against phishing and pharming, in signature based online banking variants (HBCI/FinTS) the use of "Secoder" card readers is a measurement to uncover s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Criticism and problems-The increase in online banking with a concomitant closure of local bank branch offices or reduced retail opening hours discriminates against people who cannot use online banking, for physical or mental limitations like age, or illness. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Online banking-Criticism and problems-In 2022, a retired Spanish urologist with Parkinson's disease gathered more than 600,000 signatures in an online petition asking banks and other institutions to serve all citizens, and not discriminate against the oldest and most vulnerable members. In Spain, the number of bank bra... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Lack-of-fit sum of squares-In statistics, a sum of squares due to lack of fit, or more tersely a lack-of-fit sum of squares, is one of the components of a partition of the sum of squares of residuals in an analysis of variance, used in the numerator in an F-test of the null hypothesis that sa... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Lack-of-fit sum of squares-The pure-error sum of squares is the sum of squared deviations of each value of the dependent variable from the average value over all observations sharing its independent variable value(s). These are errors that could never be avoided by any predictive equation tha... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Principle-In order for the lack-of-fit sum of squares to differ from the sum of squares of residuals, there must be more than one value of the response variable for at least one of the values of the set of predictor variables. For example, consider fitting a line y=αx+β by the method of least... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Principle-The sum of squares due to lack of fit is the weighted sum of squares of differences between each average of y-values corresponding to the same x-value and the corresponding fitted y-value, the weight in each case being simply the number of observed y-values for that x-value. Because... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Mathematical details-Consider fitting a line with one predictor variable. Define i as an index of each of the n distinct x values, j as an index of the response variable observations for a given x value, and ni as the number of y values associated with the i th x value. The value of each resp... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Mathematical details-Let α^,β^ be the least squares estimates of the unobservable parameters α and β based on the observed values of x i and Y i j.
Let Y^i=α^xi+β^ be the fitted values of the response variable. Then ε^ij=Yij−Y^i are the residuals, which are observable estimates of the unobser... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Probability distributions-Sums of squares Suppose the error terms ε i j are independent and normally distributed with expected value 0 and variance σ2. We treat x i as constant rather than random. Then the response variables Y i j are random only because the errors ε i j are random.
It can be... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Lack-of-fit sum of squares-Probability distributions-Moreover, given the total number of observations N, the number of levels of the independent variable n, and the number of parameters in the model p: The sum of squares due to pure error, divided by the error variance σ2, has a chi-squared distribution with N − n degr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.