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based methods account for both spatial proximity and entire spectra to determine the most likely class." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Invert error-Characteristics-Invert errors, or \"inverts\" for short, most commonly arise when producing multi-colored stamps via multiple passes through the printing press. It is easy for a printing plant worker to insert a half-finished sheet the wrong way around, resulting in the inverts. Such an error being so obv... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Google Search Appliance-Other versions-GSA virtual edition for developers For a brief period in 2008, Google offered a virtual version of the GSA aimed at developers. The virtual edition could be downloaded free of charge and index up to 50,000 documents. It was discontinued for unknown reasons." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Format-preserving encryption-Format-preserving encryption-In cryptography, format-preserving encryption (FPE), refers to encrypting in such a way that the output (the ciphertext) is in the same format as the input (the plaintext). The meaning of \"format\" varies. Typically only finite sets of characters are used; num... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Deep lambertian networks-Deep lambertian networks-The model has been successfully applied in reconstruction of shadows facial images, given any set of lighting conditions. The model has also been tested on non-living objects. The method outperforms most other methods and is faster than them." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Stack (abstract data type)-Hardware stack-Stack pointers may point to the origin of a stack or to a limited range of addresses either above or below the origin (depending on the direction in which the stack grows); however, the stack pointer cannot cross the origin of the stack. In other words, if the origin of the st... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Aero-Aero-Aero is a Greek prefix relating to flight and air. In British English, it is used as an adjective related to flight (e.g., as a shortened substitute for aeroplane).\nAero, \u00c6r\u00f8, or Aeros may refer to: " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Secure Communications Interoperability Protocol-US National Mode (SCIP 230)-For Type 1 security, SCIP uses BATON, a 128-bit block design. With this or other 128-bit ciphers, such as AES, SCIP specifies that two data frames are encrypted with each cipher output bloc, the first beginning at bit 1, the second at bit 57 (... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MIPS architecture-Versions-All MIPS I control flow instructions are followed by a branch delay slot. Unless the branch delay slot is filled by an instruction performing useful work, an nop is substituted. MIPS I branch instructions compare the contents of a GPR (rs) against zero or another GPR (rt) as signed integers ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Electronic waste-Repair as waste reduction method-Cloud services have proven to be useful in storing data, which is then accessible from anywhere in the world without the need to carry storage devices. Cloud storage also allows for large storage, at low cost. This offers convenience, while reducing the need for manufa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Microsoft Visual SourceSafe-Criticism-Visual SourceSafe's stability is criticised due to the way Visual SourceSafe uses a direct, file-based access mechanism that allows any client to modify a file in the repository after locking it. If a client machine crashes in the middle of updating a file, it can corrupt that fil... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Convergent matrix-Characterizations-Let T be an n \u00d7 n matrix. The following properties are equivalent to T being a convergent matrix: lim k\u2192\u221e\u2016Tk\u2016=0, for some natural norm; lim k\u2192\u221e\u2016Tk\u2016=0, for all natural norms; \u03c1(T)<1 lim k\u2192\u221eTkx=0, for every x." | large_corpus_distillation |
for example: all men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal. For valid arguments, it is not important whether the premises are actually true but only that, if they were true, the conclusion could not be false. Valid arguments follow a rule of inference, such as modus ponens or modus tollens. Deduc... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Batch normalization-Theoretical Understanding-The correlation between the gradients are computed for four models: a standard VGG network, a VGG network with batch normalization layers, a 25-layer deep linear network (DLN) trained with full-batch gradient descent, and a DLN network with batch normalization layers. Inte... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Long tail-Academic research-Work performed by individuals in commons-like, non-market networks, described in the work of Yochai Benkler.The demand-side factors that lead to the long tail can be amplified by the \"networks of products\" which are created by hyperlinked recommendations across products. An MIS Quarterly ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Covariance and contravariance (computer science)-Formal definition-Suppose A and B are types, and I<U> denotes application of a type constructor I with type argument U." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Figure 1.10: The same distribution as Figure 1.5, scaled differently to give the distribution function of the sample average Y n. It\ncan be visualized that as n increases, the distribution function of Y n becomes increasingly close to a unit step at the mean, 0.25, of\nthe variables X being summed.\nThis convergence ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MapR FS-MapR FS-MapR FS is a cluster filesystem that provides uniform access from files to other objects such as tables used as universal namespace accessible from any client of the system. Access control is also provided for files, tables and streams used as access control expressions, which is an extension of the mo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Iterated logarithm-Analysis of algorithms-Higher bases give smaller iterated logarithms. Indeed, the only function commonly used in complexity theory that grows more slowly is the inverse Ackermann function." | large_corpus_distillation |
target. While the average work required increases in inverse proportion to the difficulty target, a hash can always be verified by executing a single round of double SHA-256." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Erd\u0151s\u2013Tenenbaum\u2013Ford constant-Multiplication table problem-For each positive integer N , let M(N) be the number of distinct integers in an N\u00d7N multiplication table. In 1960, Erd\u0151s studied the asymptotic behavior of M(N) and proved that log \u2061N)\u03b4+o(1), as N\u2192+\u221e " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shamoon-Design-Shamoon was designed to erase and overwrite hard drive data with a corrupted image and report the addresses of infected computers back to the computer inside the company's network. The malware had a logic bomb which triggered the master boot record and data wiping payload at 11:08 am local time on Wedne... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Speed reading-Types of reading-There are three types of reading: Subvocalization: sounding out each word internally, as reading to yourself. This is the slowest form of reading.\nAuditory reading: hearing out the read words. This is a faster process.\nVisual reading: understanding the meaning of the word, rather than ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Backtick-Computing-Command-line interface languages Many command-line interface languages and the scripting (programming) languages like Perl, PHP, Ruby and Julia (though see below) use pairs of backticks to indicate command substitution. A command substitution is the standard output from one command, into an embedded... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Game Boy Printer-Usage today-Mad Catz and Xchanger sold a kit that enabled users to connect a Game Boy to a PC and print images using the PC's printer. Hobbyists outside the UK can also make their own cable for uploading images to their computer. A Game Boy Printer emulator is needed for the Game Boy to interface with... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Incidence matrix-Graph theory-(Many authors use the opposite sign convention.) The oriented incidence matrix of an undirected graph is the incidence matrix, in the sense of directed graphs, of any orientation of the graph. That is, in the column of edge e, there is one 1 in the row corresponding to one vertex of e and... | large_corpus_distillation |
"TrueCrypt-Security concerns-Encryption keys stored in memory TrueCrypt stores its keys in RAM; on an ordinary personal computer the DRAM will maintain its contents for several seconds after power is cut (or longer if the temperature is lowered). Even if there is some degradation in the memory contents, various algorit... | large_corpus_distillation |
charging for certain features. This has the dual effect of risking the introduction of new bugs in the system, coupled with an incentive for users to modify the systems to circumvent the manufacturer's restrictions. These systems are rarely as stable and reliable as the original and may suffer from phishing attempts or... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SEQUAL framework-SEQUAL framework topics-Syntactical quality Syntactic quality is the correspondence between the model M and the language extension L of the language in which the model is written. Three aspects here are: Error detection: During a modeling session, some syntactical errors--- syntactic incompleteness --... | large_corpus_distillation |
"65,536-65,536-65536 is the natural number following 65535 and preceding 65537.\n65536 is a power of two: 16 (2 to the 16th power).\n65536 is the smallest number with exactly 17 divisors." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Certified Server Validation-Principles of operation-If the answers to both of the questions at the top of this article are 'Yes', then receivers can expect the email received to be email they want. Mail sources are motivated to make the answers yes, and it's easy for them to do so (unless their email flow is so toxic ... | large_corpus_distillation |
computationally discovered by tools such as MEME using hidden Markov models." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transport triggered architecture-Structure-Sockets provide means for programming TTA processors by allowing to select which bus-to-port connections of the socket are enabled at any time instant. Thus, data transports taking place in a clock cycle can be programmed by defining the source and destination socket/port con... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Power associativity-Power associativity-In mathematics, specifically in abstract algebra, power associativity is a property of a binary operation that is a weak form of associativity." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Edmonds\u2013Karp algorithm-Algorithm-The algorithm is identical to the Ford\u2013Fulkerson algorithm, except that the search order when finding the augmenting path is defined. The path found must be a shortest path that has available capacity. This can be found by a breadth-first search, where we apply a weight of 1 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Moving average-Moving median-From a statistical point of view, the moving average, when used to estimate the underlying trend in a time series, is susceptible to rare events such as rapid shocks or other anomalies. A more robust estimate of the trend is the simple moving median over n time points: where the median is ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SKI combinator calculus-SKI combinator calculus-The SKI combinator calculus is a combinatory logic system and a computational system. It can be thought of as a computer programming language, though it is not convenient for writing software. Instead, it is important in the mathematical theory of algorithms because it i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Unix File System-Design-Directory files contain only the list of filenames in the directory and the inode associated with each file. All file metadata are kept in the inode." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Robust statistics-Measures of robustness-If we replace the lowest observation, \u221244, by \u22121000, the mean becomes 11.73, whereas the 10% trimmed mean is still 27.43. In many areas of applied statistics, it is common for data to be log-transformed to make them near symmetrical. Very small values become large neg... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Copy propagation-Copy propagation-Copy propagation is a useful \"clean up\" optimization frequently used after other compiler passes have already been run. Some optimizations\u2014such as classical implementations of elimination of common sub expressions\u2014require that copy propagation be run afterwards in order to... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bibliographic index-Bibliographic index-\"From many points of view an index is synonymous with a catalogue, the principles of analysis used being identical, but whereas an index entry merely locates a subject, a catalogue entry includes descriptive specification of a document concerned with the subject\".The index may... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Padding (cryptography)-Public key cryptography-The operation is referred to as \"padding\" because originally, random material was simply appended to the message to make it long enough for the primitive. This form of padding is not secure and is therefore no longer applied. A modern padding scheme aims to ensure that ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Structured concurrency-Structured concurrency-The core concept is the encapsulation of concurrent threads of execution (here encompassing kernel and userland threads and processes) by way of control flow constructs that have clear entry and exit points and that ensure all spawned threads have completed before exit. Su... | large_corpus_distillation |
"XML schema-Languages-The primary purpose of a schema language is to specify what the structure of an XML document can be. This means which elements can reside in which other elements, which attributes are and are not legal to have on a particular element, and so forth. A schema is analogous to a grammar for a language... | large_corpus_distillation |
and a sequential transmission, among with some aesthetic upgrades and a weight reduction of 85 kg (187 lb)." | large_corpus_distillation |
made based on how accurately the model reflects actual data collected from Earth." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Information retrieval-Major conferences-SIGIR: Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval ECIR: European Conference on Information Retrieval CIKM: Conference on Information and Knowledge Management WWW: International World Wide Web Conference WSDM: Conference on Web Search and Data Mining ICTIR: I... | large_corpus_distillation |
function f with domain [0,1] defined by f(0)=f(1)=1,f(x)=0 for 0<x<1 is convex; it is continuous on the open interval (0,1), but not continuous at 0 and 1.\nThe function x3 has second derivative 6x ; thus it is convex on the set where x\u22650 and concave on the set where 0." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Monad (functional programming)-More examples-Note that this monad takes a type parameter, the type of the state information. The monad operations are defined as follows: Useful state operations include: Another operation applies a state monad to a given initial state: do-blocks in a state monad are sequences of operat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Machine learning-Theory-A core objective of a learner is to generalize from its experience. Generalization in this context is the ability of a learning machine to perform accurately on new, unseen examples/tasks after having experienced a learning data set. The training examples come from some generally unknown probab... | large_corpus_distillation |
"False coverage rate-Definitions-Using a statistical test, we reject the null hypothesis if the test is declared significant. We do not reject the null hypothesis if the test is non-significant." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Knowledge graph-Definitions-There is no single commonly accepted definition of a knowledge graph. Most definitions view the topic through a Semantic Web lens and include these features: Flexible relations among knowledge in topical domains: A knowledge graph (i) defines abstract classes and relations of entities in a ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Speech Services-Speech Services-Speech Recognition & Synthesis, formerly known as Speech Services, is a screen reader application developed by Google for its Android operating system. It powers applications to read aloud (speak) the text on the screen with support for many languages. Text-to-Speech may be used by apps... | large_corpus_distillation |
"History of entropy-Information theory-Shannon's information entropy is a much more general concept than statistical thermodynamic entropy. Information entropy is present whenever there are unknown quantities that can be described only by a probability distribution. In a series of papers by E. T. Jaynes starting in 195... | large_corpus_distillation |
or producer. The individual compares matching features with representations stored in their long-term memory. Certain lexical items can be used to activate these representations, conjuring stereotypical images which then become the prototype in the listener's mind. Dysphemic terms activate negative stereotypes present ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chebyshev center-Relaxed Chebyshev center-Consider the case in which the set Q can be represented as the intersection of k ellipsoids.\nmin max x{\u2016x^\u2212x\u20162:fi(x)\u22640,0\u2264i\u2264k} with fi(x)=xTQix+2giTx+di\u22640,0\u2264i\u2264k.\nBy introducing an additional matrix variable \u0394=xxT , we can w... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Okey-Variations-Doubles Another way to open your hand is with a minimum of five doubles. Doubles are two identical tiles. If you open with doubles you are not allowed to lay normal sets anymore. You are, however, allowed to add tiles to existing sets from other players on the table.\nIf all four players open with doub... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Spinlock-Significant optimizations-With the optimizations applied, a sample would look like: On any multi-processor system that uses the MESI contention protocol, such a test-and-test-and-set lock (TTAS) performs much better than the simple test-and-set lock (TAS) approach.With large numbers of processors, adding a ra... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Metadata publishing-Objections to metadata publishing-Organizations that publish their metadata could make it easier for unauthorized people to find sensitive data if they breach an organization's firewall Vendors that publish their metadata risk customers creating tools that could allow their customers to export thei... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Video quality-Objective video quality-To measure the performance of a model, some frequently used metrics are the linear correlation coefficient, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the root mean square error (RMSE). Other metrics are the kappa coefficient and the outliers ratio. ITU-T Rec. P.1401 gives an ov... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tuple-Type theory-In type theory, commonly used in programming languages, a tuple has a product type; this fixes not only the length, but also the underlying types of each component. Formally: (x1,x2,\u2026,xn):T1\u00d7T2\u00d7\u2026\u00d7Tn and the projections are term constructors: \u03c01(x):T1,\u03c02(x):T2,\u2026... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Credibility theory-Types of Credibility-In Bayesian credibility, we separate each class (B) and assign them a probability (Probability of B). Then we find how likely our experience (A) is within each class (Probability of A given B). Next, we find how likely our experience was over all classes (Probability of A). Fina... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Microkernel-Security-Consequently, microkernel designs have been used for systems designed for high-security applications, including KeyKOS, EROS and military systems. In fact common criteria (CC) at the highest assurance level (Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 7) has an explicit requirement that the target of evaluat... | large_corpus_distillation |
\\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial u} \\frac{\\partial y}{\\partial u} \\frac{\\partial z}{\\partial u} \\nonumber \\ \\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial v} \\frac{\\partial y}{\\partial v}\n\\frac{\\partial z}{\\partial v} \\nonumber \\ \\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial w} \\frac{\\partial y}{\\partial w} \\frac{\\partial z}{\\parti... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IBM System/36-Hardware models-From V3R6 to V4R4, OS/400 was capable of running up to three instances of SSP inside virtual machines known as Advanced 36 Machines. This relied on emulation of emulation of the MSP implemented by the OS/400 SLIC, and thus provided binary compatibility with SSP programs." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Relevance vector machine-Relevance vector machine-In mathematics, a Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) is a machine learning technique that uses Bayesian inference to obtain parsimonious solutions for regression and probabilistic classification.\nThe RVM has an identical functional form to the support vector machine, but ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Backpropagation-Overview-Informally, the key point is that since the only way a weight in Wl affects the loss is through its effect on the next layer, and it does so linearly, \u03b4l are the only data you need to compute the gradients of the weights at layer l , and then the previous layer can be computed \u03b4l... | large_corpus_distillation |
testingAs an example of the iterative nature of a work system's life cycle, consider the sales system in a software start-up. The first sales system is the CEO selling directly. At some point the CEO can't do it alone, several salespeople are hired and trained, and marketing materials are produced that can be used by s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Total derivative-The total derivative as a differential form-When the function under consideration is real-valued, the total derivative can be recast using differential forms. For example, suppose that f:Rn\u2192R is a differentiable function of variables x1,\u2026,xn . The total derivative of f at a may be writte... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Email bomb-Methods-Mass mailing Mass mailing consists of sending numerous duplicate emails to the same email address. These types of mail bombs are simple to design but their extreme simplicity means they can be easily detected by spam filters. Email-bombing using mass mailing is also commonly performed as a DDoS atta... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Local martingale-Martingales via local martingales-Caution. The weaker condition sup s\u2208[0,t]E\u2061|Ms|<\u221e for every tis not sufficient. Moreover, the condition sup t\u2208[0,\u221e)E\u2061e|Mt|<\u221e is still not sufficient; for a counterexample see Example 3 above.\nA special case: Mt=f(t,Wt), where Wt is... | large_corpus_distillation |
assessments to be made. Through the rolling observation of the security level, weak spots in the network can be identified early on and appropriate adjustments made proactively in the security systems." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hashcash-How it works-The hypothesis is that spammers, whose business model relies on their ability to send large numbers of emails with very little cost per message, will cease to be profitable if there is even a small cost for each spam they send. Receivers can verify whether a sender made such an investment and use... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software bloat-Software bloat-Actual (measurable) bloat can occur due to de-emphasising algorithmic efficiency in favour of other concerns like developer productivity, or possibly through the introduction of new layers of abstraction like a virtual machine or other scripting engine for the purposes of convenience when... | large_corpus_distillation |
runs. Note also that n is a random variable for the\nx\u2208S f (x) f(x) n\u2192\u221e\ncompound experiment for each . By the law of large numbers, n should converge to , in some sense, as .\nf\nThe function n is called the empirical probability density function, and it is in fact a (random) probability density functio... | large_corpus_distillation |
presented in Hacker (2010) which indicate that using an information criterion such as the Schwarz information criterion may be useful in determining unit root and trend status within a Dickey\u2013Fuller framework." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Community fridge-Community fridge-The main aim of community fridges is to reduce food insecurity, while also mitigating food waste. They enable people facing hardship to have easy access to fresh, nutritious food. Fridges offer a wide range of food from canned goods to fresh produce to pre-cooked meals. Pre-cooked mea... | large_corpus_distillation |
"KNIME-Internals-Additional plugins allows the integration of methods for text mining, Image mining, as well as time series analysis and network." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Airship-Terminology-Zeppelin The term zeppelin originally referred to airships manufactured by the German Zeppelin Company, which built and operated the first rigid airships in the early years of the twentieth century. The initials LZ, for Luftschiff Zeppelin (German for \"Zeppelin airship\"), usually prefixed their c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Proof that e is irrational-Fourier's proof-Now for the details. If e is a rational number, there exist positive integers a and b such that e = a/b. Define the number x=b!(e\u2212\u2211n=0b1n!).\nUse the assumption that e = a/b to obtain x=b!(ab\u2212\u2211n=0b1n!)=a(b\u22121)!\u2212\u2211n=0bb!n!.\nThe first term is a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Compile time-Compile time/Early binding vs Run time-The determination of execution model have been set during the compile time stage.\nRun time- the method of execution and allocation - have been set during the run time and are based on the run time dynamicity." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Homogeneous relation-Operations-If R is a homogeneous relation over a set X then each of the following is a homogeneous relation over X: Reflexive closure, R= Defined as R= = {(x, x) | x \u2208 X} \u222a R or the smallest reflexive relation over X containing R. This can be proven to be equal to the intersection of all... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Makespan-Example-There is a complex project that is composed of several sub-tasks. We would like to assign tasks to workers, such that the project finishes in the shortest possible time. As an example, suppose the \"project\" is to feed the goats. There are three goats to feed, one child can only feed one goat at a ti... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Widening (computer science)-Use in Model Checking-Widening techniques and the closely related acceleration techniques are used in the forward analysis of systems in the discipline of symbolic model checking. The techniques detect cycles, i.e. sequences of abstract state transitions that could be repeated. When such a ... | large_corpus_distillation |
such as \u00c9coles Normales Sup\u00e9rieures or ParisTech schools, have an asterisk added to their name. For example, MP*, are usually called MP \u00e9toile (\"MP star\") (except for the BCPST2 and TB2 classes, which all prepare to the elite schools)." | large_corpus_distillation |
the entire executable into RAM.\nA few caches go even further, not only pre-loading an entire file, but also starting to load other related files that may soon be requested, such as the page cache associated with a prefetcher or the web cache associated with link prefetching." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Glossary of engineering: M\u2013Z-M-An important consequence of Maxwell's equations is that they demonstrate how fluctuating electric and magnetic fields propagate at a constant speed (c) in vacuum. Known as electromagnetic radiation, these waves may occur at various wavelengths to produce a spectrum of light from rad... | large_corpus_distillation |
"File system-Types of file systems-Network file systems A network file system is a file system that acts as a client for a remote file access protocol, providing access to files on a server. Programs using local interfaces can transparently create, manage and access hierarchical directories and files in remote network-... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Comparison of e-book formats-Format descriptions-eReader Formerly Palm Digital Media/Peanut PresseReader is a freeware program for viewing Palm Digital Media electronic books which use the pdb format used by many Palm applications. Versions are available for Android, BlackBerry, iOS, Palm OS (not webOS), Symbian, Wind... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SMS language-Overall observations and criticisms-Use in schoolwork Use of SMS language in schools tended to be seen as negative effects. There have been some reports in the media of children using SMS language for essays in school. The New Zealand Qualifications Authority refuted press reports that they had authorized... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Doob's martingale convergence theorems-Statements for the general case-In the following, (\u03a9,F,F\u2217,P) will be a filtered probability space where F\u2217=(Ft)t\u22650 , and N:[0,\u221e)\u00d7\u03a9\u2192R will be a right-continuous supermartingale with respect to the filtration F\u2217 ; in other words, for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"5.2: Known Outcomes\nOnce you know an outcome, it is straightforward to denote it. You merely specify which symbol was selected. If the other events\nare defined in terms of the symbols, you then know which of those events has occurred. However, until the outcome is known you\ncannot express your state of knowledge in... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SMTP Authentication-Details-As with all SMTP extensions, SMTP AUTH is advertised in the EHLO response, along with a list of supported authentication methods. These methods may change after issuing STARTTLS, typically allowing plain text passwords in the latter case only. RFC 4954 provides the following example (\"C:\"... | large_corpus_distillation |
also be characterized in terms of the number of complete subgraphs each edge participates in." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Vertex cover-Computational problem-ILP formulation Assume that every vertex has an associated cost of c(v)\u22650 The (weighted) minimum vertex cover problem can be formulated as the following integer linear program (ILP).\nThis ILP belongs to the more general class of ILPs for covering problems.\nThe integrality gap... | large_corpus_distillation |
"\u03a0-calculus-Bisimulations in the \u03c0-calculus-Barbed equivalence Alternatively, one may define bisimulation equivalence directly from the reduction semantics. We write p\u21d3a if process p immediately allows an input or an output on name a A binary relation R over processes is a barbed bisimulation if it i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Conceptual semantics-Semantic structures-Conceptual semantics breaks lexical concepts up into ontological categories: events, states, places, amounts, things, and property, to name a few. These ontological categories are called semantic primes, or semantic primitives. Jackendoff poses that any concept in the human bra... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Busy waiting-Example C code-The following C code examples illustrate two threads that share a global integer i. The first thread uses busy-waiting to check for a change in the value of i: In a use case like this, one can consider using C11's condition variables." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Punctuated equilibrium-Language change-In linguistics, R. M. W. Dixon has proposed a punctuated equilibrium model for language histories, with reference particularly to the prehistory of the indigenous languages of Australia and his objections to the proposed Pama\u2013Nyungan language family there. Although his model... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Padre (software)-Architecture-Padre employs plug-ins in order to provide all of its functionality on top of the runtime system. All the functionality except the core Perl 5 support is implemented as plug-ins. Padre has plug-ins for HTML and XML editing.\nThis plug-in mechanism is a lightweight framework. In addition t... | large_corpus_distillation |
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