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"Secret sharing-Limitations-All secret-sharing schemes use random bits for constructing the shares. To distribute a one-bit secret shares with a threshold of t shares, t \u2212 1 random bits are needed. To distribute a secret of b bits, entropy of (t \u2212 1) \u00d7 b bits is necessary." | large_corpus_distillation |
taken care of. For example, say a motion is being considered and then postponed to the next meeting. This postponed motion becomes a general order for the next meeting. When the time for \"general orders\" comes up in the order of business, consideration of the postponed motion is resumed." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shor's algorithm-Period finding and discrete logarithms-For any finite abelian group G , a quantum algorithm exists for solving the hidden subgroup for G in polynomial time." | large_corpus_distillation |
"WEMO-Remote security vulnerability-Wemo switches are controlled via IP networks; thus, for a switch to be controllable from a remote location, it must be open to receive connections from the Internet. In January 2013, it was revealed that the Wemo had a security flaw in its UPnP implementation that allowed an unauthor... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Slicing the Truth-Topics-The book begins with five chapters that discuss the field of reverse mathematics, which has the goal of classifying mathematical theorems by the axiom schemes needed to prove them, and the big five subsystems of second-order arithmetic into which many theorems of mathematics have been classifi... | large_corpus_distillation |
flow experiences may foster better performance but, on the other hand, good performance makes flow experiences more likely. Results of a longitudinal study in the academic context indicate that the causal effect of flow on performance is only of small magnitude and the strong relationship between the two is driven by a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Accident-Types-Aviation Bicycles Sailing ships Traffic collisions Train wrecks Trams Domino effect accidents In the process industry, a primary accident may propagate to nearby units, resulting in a chain of accidents, which is called domino effect accident." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Working with Vectors in\nR3\nJust like two-dimensional vectors, three-dimensional vectors are quantities with both magnitude and direction, and they are\nrepresented by directed line segments (arrows). With a three-dimensional vector, we use a three-dimensional arrow.\nThree-dimensional vectors can also be represented... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Filter (higher-order function)-Example-Visual example Below, you can see a view of each step of the filter process for a list of integers X = [0, 5, 8, 3, 2, 1] according to the function : This function express that if x is even the return value is True , otherwise it's False . This is the predicate." | large_corpus_distillation |
tree with the fewest possible levels. Except for balanced binary search trees, the tree may be severely imbalanced with few internal nodes with two children, resulting in the average and worst-case search time approaching n {\\textstyle n} comparisons. Binary search trees take more space than sorted arrays.Binary sear... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology-In ATA-8 bytes \"vendor-specific\".In practice, however, the full \"vendor-specific\" field is not used as-is. Instead, one of the following occurs: In the 7-byte setup, the first byte of \"vendor-specific\" is used to store a \"worst\" normalized value, leaving 7 byt... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Artificial intelligence art-Tools and processes-Prompt engineering and sharing Prompts for some text-to-image models can also include images and keywords and configurable parameters, such as artistic style, which is often used via keyphrases like \"in the style of [name of an artist]\" in the prompt and/or selection o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Planetary core-Chemistry-Determining primary composition \u2013 Earth Using the chondritic reference model and combining known compositions of the crust and mantle, the unknown component, the composition of the inner and outer core, can be determined: 85% Fe, 5% Ni, 0.9% Cr, 0.25% Co, and all other refractory metals a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Emoji-History-The Universal Coded Character Set (Unicode), controlled by the Unicode Consortium and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2, had already been established as the international standard for text representation (ISO/IEC 10646) since 1993, although variants of Shift JIS remained relatively common in Japan. Unicode included sev... | large_corpus_distillation |
"NetApp FAS-Model history-This list may omit some models. Information taken from spec.org, netapp.com and storageperformance.org EOA = End of Availability SPECsfs with \"*\" is clustered result. SPECsfs performed include SPECsfs93, SPECsfs97, SPECsfs97_R1 and SPECsfs2008. Results of different benchmark versions are not... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matroid intersection-Matroid intersection-In combinatorial optimization, the matroid intersection problem is to find a largest common independent set in two matroids over the same ground set. If the elements of the matroid are assigned real weights, the weighted matroid intersection problem is to find a common indepen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Adjunct (grammar)-Distinguishing between predicative expressions, arguments, and adjuncts-c. *They spoke, which occurred to the class. \u2013 to the class is an optional argument.The reliability of the relative clause diagnostic is actually limited. For instance, it incorrectly suggests that many modal and manner adju... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matching (graph theory)-Properties-A spectral characterization of the matching number of a graph is given by Hassani Monfared and Mallik as follows: Let G be a graph on n vertices, and \u03bb1>\u03bb2>\u2026>\u03bbk>0 be k distinct nonzero purely imaginary numbers where 2k\u2264n . Then the matching number of G ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Webster's Dictionary-Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary-Editions Below is a list of years of publication of the Collegiate dictionaries.\n1st: 1898 2nd: 1910 3rd: 1916 4th: 1931 5th: 1936 6th: 1949 7th: 1963 8th: 1973 9th: 1983 10th: 1993 11th: 2003 " | large_corpus_distillation |
"60S ribosomal protein L37-60S ribosomal protein L37-60S ribosomal protein L37 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPL37 gene.Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximate... | large_corpus_distillation |
"BFR algorithm-BFR algorithm-The BFR algorithm, named after its inventors Bradley, Fayyad and Reina, is a variant of k-means algorithm that is designed to cluster data in a high-dimensional Euclidean space. It makes a very strong assumption about the shape of clusters: they must be normally distributed about a centroid... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hedge fund-Strategies-Hedge fund strategies are generally classified among four major categories: global macro, directional, event-driven, and relative value (arbitrage). Strategies within these categories each entail characteristic risk and return profiles. A fund may employ a single strategy or multiple strategies f... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shotgun sequencing-Whole genome shotgun sequencing-Sometimes a distinction is made between sequence coverage and physical coverage. Sequence coverage is the average number of times a base is read (as described above). Physical coverage is the average number of times a base is read or spanned by mate paired reads." | large_corpus_distillation |
result, Hoogerheide advises that teachers should structure the feedback by ending with the best part of the assessment. When the assessment is overall negative, it is better to end with the most pleasant or most easily acceptable part of the negative feedbacks. Similarly, the positive assessment should end on a high no... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Normal distribution-Related distributions-Central limit theorem The central limit theorem states that under certain (fairly common) conditions, the sum of many random variables will have an approximately normal distribution. More specifically, where X1,\u2026,Xn are independent and identically distributed random vari... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Intonation (linguistics)-English-In addition to the two tones mentioned above, the phonological system includes \"break indices\" used to mark the boundaries between prosodic elements. Breaks may be of different levels.\nTones are linked to stressed syllables: an asterisk is used to indicate a tone that must be aligne... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Recall (memory)-Phenomena-Mnemonics and cognitive strategies A key technique in improving and helping recall memory is to take advantage of Mnemonic devices and other cognitive strategies. Mnemonic devices are a type of cognitive strategy that enables individuals to memorize and recall new information in an easier fas... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Initial ramdisk-Implementation-When the root file system finally becomes visible, any maintenance tasks that cannot run on a mounted root file system are done, the root file system is mounted read-only, and any processes that must continue running (such as the splash screen helper and its command FIFO) are hoisted int... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Global Descriptor Table-History-Modern usage The Intel 80386 microprocessor introduced paging - allocating separate physical memory pages (themselves very small units of memory) at the same virtual addresses, with the advantage that disk paging is far faster and more efficient than segment swapping. Therefore, modern ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Entity\u2013attribute\u2013value model-Metadata-It is easy for an insufficiently knowledgeable user to corrupt (i.e., introduce inconsistencies and errors in) metadata. Therefore, access to metadata must be restricted, and an audit trail of accesses and changes put into place to deal with situations where multiple ind... | large_corpus_distillation |
are typically different in terms of their orders of magnitude for HMM and IBM Model 4." | large_corpus_distillation |
"IEEE 802.11-Layer 2 \u2013 Datagrams-Order: This bit is set only when the \"strict ordering\" delivery method is employed. Frames and fragments are not always sent in order as it causes a transmission performance penalty.The next two bytes are reserved for the Duration ID field, indicating how long the field's transmi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Schedule (computer science)-Formal description-Representing the schedule D above by a table (rather than a list) is just for the convenience of identifying each transaction's operations in a glance. This notation is used throughout the article below. A more common way in the technical literature for representing such ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Timeline of binary prefixes-2000s-2007 Windows Vista still uses the binary conventions (e.g., 1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1048576 bytes) for file and drive sizes, and for data rates GParted uses IEC prefixes for partition sizes Advanced Packaging Tool and Synaptic Package Manager use standard SI prefixes for file sizes ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"CMS Pipelines-Features-A program can dynamically redefine the pipeline topology. It can replace itself with another pipeline, it can insert a pipeline segment before or after itself, or both. A program can use data in the pipeline to build pipeline specifications.CMS Pipelines offers several features to improve the ro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Context-free grammar-Undecidable problems-Language disjointness Given two CFGs, is there any string derivable from both grammars? If this problem was decidable, the undecidable Post correspondence problem could be decided, too: given strings \u03b11,\u2026,\u03b1N,\u03b21,\u2026,\u03b2N over some alphabet {a1,\u2026... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ralf Brown's Interrupt List-Overview-The list covers operating systems, device drivers, and application software; both documented and undocumented information including bugs, incompatibilities, shortcomings, and workarounds, with version, locale, and date information, often at a detail level far beyond that found in t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Anagram dictionary-Anagram dictionary-In the main type of anagram dictionary, the letters in words or phrases are rearranged in alphabetical order, and these transpositions are themselves then ordered alphabetically within word-length groups, so that any words consisting of this group of letters can be found. This arr... | large_corpus_distillation |
altruistic behaviours to one another. Groups with predominantly altruistic members survive better than groups with predominantly selfish members." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic discrete choice-Conditional value functions and choice probabilities-The value function in the previous section is called the conditional value function, because it is the value function conditional on choosing alternative i in period t . Writing the conditional value function in this way is useful in constr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ID/LP grammar-Defining Dominance and Precedence-For example, the context free rule A\u2192BCD , shows that the node labelled A (mother node) immediately dominates nodes labelled B, C, and D, (daughter nodes) and nodes labelled B, C, and D can be immediately dominated by a node labelled A.\nLinear Precedence Linear pr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Job Control Language-Features common to DOS and OS JCL-For example, to copy a file on Unix operating system, the user would enter a command like: cp oldFile newFile The following example, using JCL, might be used to copy a file on OS/360: A second explanation for the complexity of JCL is the different expectations for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Efficiency (statistics)-Estimators-Relative efficiency The relative efficiency of two unbiased estimators is defined as var var \u2061(T1) Although e is in general a function of \u03b8 , in many cases the dependence drops out; if this is so, e being greater than one would indicate that T1 is preferable, regardless... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Neural network Gaussian process-Correspondence between an infinitely wide fully connected network and a Gaussian process-zl|Kl is a Gaussian process The pre-activations zl only depend on yl through its second moment matrix Kl . Because of this, we can say that zl is a Gaussian process conditioned on Kl , rather t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Kernel (operating system)-Kernel-wide design approaches-Bugs in one part of the kernel have strong side effects; since every function in the kernel has all the privileges, a bug in one function can corrupt data structure of another, totally unrelated part of the kernel, or of any running program.\nKernels often become... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Comparison of programming languages (associative array)-Language support-Creation The following example calls the Map constructor, which operates on a list (a semicolon delimited sequence of elements enclosed in square brackets) of tuples (which in F# are comma-delimited sequences of elements)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Abstract semantic graph-Abstract semantic graph-The nomenclature term graph is associated with the field of term graph rewriting, which involves the transformation and processing of expressions by the specification of rewriting rules, whereas abstract semantic graph is used when discussing linguistics, programming lan... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cohen's kappa-Properties-The disagreement proportion is 2/16 or 0.125. The disagreement is due to allocation because quantities are identical. Kappa is \u22120.07." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pwn2Own-Yearly contests-As with the browser contest, the attack surface available to contestants expanded over three days. In order to prove that they were able to successfully compromise the device, contestants had to demonstrate they could collect sensitive data from the mobile device or incur some type of financial... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gaussian adaptation-Computer simulation of Gaussian adaptation-Thus far the theory only considers mean values of continuous distributions corresponding to an infinite number of individuals. In reality however, the number of individuals is always limited, which gives rise to an uncertainty in the estimation of m and M ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"C (programming language)-Memory management-Dynamic memory allocation: blocks of memory of arbitrary size can be requested at run-time using library functions such as malloc from a region of memory called the heap; these blocks persist until subsequently freed for reuse by calling the library function realloc or freeTh... | large_corpus_distillation |
-digit there is determined the sum Smk of the digits that are being added \u03b1mk,\u03b2mk and two carries pm,k\u22121,pm\u22121,k\u22121 , transferred into this digit from the left, i.e." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Integer factorization records-Numbers of a general form-Between January and August 1999, RSA-155, a 155-digit challenge number prepared by the RSA company, was factorised using GNFS with relations again contributed by a large group, and the final stages of the calculation performed in just over nine days on the Cray C... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Recall test-Factors affecting recall-Transfer-appropriate processing Transfer -appropriate processing (TAP) shows that our ability to recall information well is not only dependent on the depth at which we learn it. It shows that how we connect the information and build relationships with other encoded memories is impo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm-Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm-In numerical linear algebra, the Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm is an iterative method for the calculation of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real symmetric matrix (a process known as diagonalization). It is named after Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, who first prop... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Set cover problem-Weighted set cover-Relaxing the integer linear program for weighted set cover stated above, one may use randomized rounding to get an log \u2061n) -factor approximation. Non weighted set cover can be adapted to the weighted case." | large_corpus_distillation |
"User profile-Types of user profiles-The requirement of information varies respective to each platform, and there surrounds little consensus to an appropriate amount of information for a condensed user profile. Universally, all social networking platforms display an individual's profile picture and an \u201cabout me\u2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Inline assembler-Syntax-In language standards The ISO C++ standard and ISO C standards (annex J) specify a conditionally supported syntax for inline assembler: This definition, however, is rarely used in actual C, as it is simultaneously too liberal (in the interpretation) and too restricted (in the use of one string ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Type variable-Type variable-In type theory and programming languages, a type variable is a mathematical variable ranging over types. Even in programming languages that allow mutable variables, a type variable remains an abstraction, in the sense that it does not correspond to some memory locations." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Time complexity-Polynomial time-Strongly polynomial time is defined in the arithmetic model of computation. In this model of computation the basic arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and comparison) take a unit time step to perform, regardless of the sizes of the operands. The algor... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pangrammatic window-Probability of occurrence-Some estimates can be made using the frequencies of the letters. Assuming that the incidence of each letter in a passage is independent of the incidence of the other letters, and provided m is much larger than 26, the probability that a sequence of length m will contain al... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sampling (statistics)-Sampling methods-Systematic sampling Systematic sampling (also known as interval sampling) relies on arranging the study population according to some ordering scheme and then selecting elements at regular intervals through that ordered list. Systematic sampling involves a random start and then pr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Constructive set theory-Subtheories of ZF-This paragraph lists a few weak natural number induction principles studied in the proof theory of arithmetic theories with addition and multiplication in their signature. This is the framework where these principles are most well understood. The theories may be defined via bo... | large_corpus_distillation |
, for\n2\u221a36\u2212x2\nX Y\n, are dependent.\nIn the bivariate uniform experiment, run the simulation 1000 times in each of the following cases. Watch the points in the scatter plot\nand the graphs of the marginal distributions.\n1. square\n2. triangle\n3. circle\n(X,Y,Z) R={(x,y,z)\u2208R3:0<x<y<z<1}\nSuppose that ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Block suballocation-Efficiency-Several read-only file systems do not use blocks at all and are thus implicitly using space as efficiently as suballocating file systems; such file systems double as archive formats." | large_corpus_distillation |
"ResearcherID-Inadequacy-ResearcherID was proved to have less users compared with other author identifiers. As a result of an investigation in 2020, there were 172689 profiles in ResearcherID platform, which was less than the 657319 on Scopus database, and 513236 on ResearchGate. ResearcherID was highly recommended for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ancestral sequence reconstruction-Methodology-Maximum likelihood (ML) methods work by generating a sequence where the residue at each position is predicted to be the most likely to occupy said position by the method of inference used \u2013 typically this is a scoring matrix (similar to those used in BLASTs or MSAs) c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Conditional comment-Syntax-The following table describes the operators that can be used to create conditional expressions." | large_corpus_distillation |
only if d(xi,xj)<r , for some r>0 Sparse Cholesky factor methods In many practical applications, calculating \u039b is replaced with computing first L , the Cholesky factor of \u03a3 , and second its inverse L\u22121 . This is known to be more stable than a plain inversion. For this reason, some authors focus on ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Grille (cryptography)-Cardan grille and variations-The grille and the grid are kept separately. If there is only one copy of the grille and one of the grid, the loss of either results is the loss of both. Clearly, in the case of communication by grille cipher, both sender and recipient must possess an identical copy ... | large_corpus_distillation |
of generating a random outcome H(\u03b8,X) that is an unbiased estimator of the gradient. In some special cases when either IPA or likelihood ratio methods are applicable, then one is able to obtain an unbiased gradient estimator H(\u03b8,X) . If X is viewed as some \"fundamental\" underlying random process that is ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"CPU cache-History-Marking some memory ranges as non-cacheable can improve performance, by avoiding caching of memory regions that are rarely re-accessed. This avoids the overhead of loading something into the cache without having any reuse. Cache entries may also be disabled or locked depending on the context." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Homomorphic encryption-History-Fourth-generation FHE In 2016, Cheon, Kim, Kim and Song (CKKS) proposed an approximate homomorphic encryption scheme that supports a special kind of fixed-point arithmetic that is commonly referred to as block floating point arithmetic. The CKKS scheme includes an efficient rescaling ope... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Stack (C++)-Security-For example, some programming languages use a common stack to store both data local to a called procedure and the linking information that allows the procedure to return to its caller. This means that the program moves data into and out of the same stack that contains critical return addresses for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximum disjoint set-Geometric separator algorithms-i.e., E(m)=O(m/b) . We can make the approximation factor as small as we want by a proper selection of b.\nThis PTAS is more space-efficient than the PTAS based on quadtrees, and can handle a generalization where the objects may slide, but it cannot handle the weight... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Conic optimization-Conic optimization-Conic optimization is a subfield of convex optimization that studies problems consisting of minimizing a convex function over the intersection of an affine subspace and a convex cone.\nThe class of conic optimization problems includes some of the most well known classes of convex ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Double hull-Uses-A double bottom or hull also conveniently forms a stiff and strong girder or beam structure with the two hull plating layers as upper and lower plates for a composite beam. This greatly strengthens the hull in secondary hull bending and strength, and to some degree in primary hull bending and strength... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Comparison of command shells-Inter-process communication-Keystroke stacking In anticipation of what a given running application may accept as keyboard input, the user of the shell instructs the shell to generate a sequence of simulated keystrokes, which the application will interpret as a keyboard input from an intera... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Post correspondence problem-Variants-Many variants of PCP have been considered. One reason is that, when one tries to prove undecidability of some new problem by reducing from PCP, it often happens that the first reduction one finds is not from PCP itself but from an apparently weaker version.\nThe problem may be phra... | large_corpus_distillation |
previous exercise. Compare the empirical density function\nwith the probability density function.\nY\nSuppose that a standard die is thrown 10 times. Let denote the number of times an ace or a six occurred. Give the probability\nY\ndensity function of and identify the distribution by name and parameter values in each o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IOS 15-Security and privacy-CSAM detection CSAM detection identifying known Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) in photos stored iCloud Photos was originally intended to be included. Implementation of CSAM detection was delayed indefinitely, and cancelled altogether in December 2022. This recognition is based on a perc... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Design of the FAT file system-FAT region-File Allocation Table Cluster map A volume's data area is divided into identically sized clusters\u2014small blocks of contiguous space. Cluster sizes vary depending on the type of FAT file system being used and the size of the drive; typical cluster sizes range from 2 to 32 Ki... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SLD resolution-The SLD inference rule-Given a goal clause, represented as the negation of a problem to be solved : \u00acL1\u2228\u22ef\u2228\u00acLi\u2228\u22ef\u2228\u00acLn with selected literal \\neg L_{i} , and an input definite clause: L\u2228\u00acK1\u2228\u22ef\u2228\u00acKm whose positive literal (atom) L\\... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Writing center assessment-Assessment Plans-Using the report to inform our public communications about the writing center.Some of this advice, such as the desire to tell a story about the writing center space, clashes directly with advice from administrators like Josephine Koster, who claims that \"administrators don't... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Whitney topologies-Topology-Given the Whitney C\u221e-topology, the space C\u221e(M,N) is a Baire space, i.e. every residual set is dense." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ring (mathematics)-Basic concepts-A unit is an element a having a multiplicative inverse; in this case the inverse is unique, and is denoted by a\u20131. The set of units of a ring is a group under ring multiplication; this group is denoted by R\u00d7 or R* or U(R). For example, if R is the ring of all square matrices... | large_corpus_distillation |
writing assessment is graded on a scale of 0 (minimum) to 6 (maximum) in half-point intervals. A score of 0 indicates that the response was either nonsensical, off-topic, or completely blank." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ostrowski's theorem-Proof-Finally, let P be the set of prime numbers. For all positive integer n, we can write n=\u220fp\u2208Ppvp(n), where vp(n) is the p-adic valuation of n. The multiplicativity property enables one to compute the absolute value of n from that of the prime numbers using the following relationship... | large_corpus_distillation |
"FrameNet-Concepts-Core FEs of the Commerce_goods-transfer include the Seller, Buyer, Goods, among other things, while non-core FEs include a Place, Purpose, etc.FrameNet includes shallow data on syntactic roles that frame elements play in the example sentences. For example, for a sentence like \"She was born about AD ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Complementary code keying-Complementary code keying-Polyphase complementary codes, first proposed by Sivaswamy, 1978, are codes where each element is a complex number of unit magnitude and arbitrary phase, or more specifically for 802.11b is one of [1, \u22121, j, \u2212j].\nNetworks using the 802.11g specification em... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extensible Authentication Protocol-Methods-EAP Subscriber Identity Module (EAP-SIM) EAP Subscriber Identity Module (EAP-SIM) is used for authentication and session key distribution using the subscriber identity module (SIM) from the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).\nGSM cellular networks use a subscriber... | large_corpus_distillation |
data. In contrast, the size of a compressed data structure depends upon the particular data being represented. When the data are compressible, as is often the case in practice for natural language text, the compressed data structure can occupy space very close to the information-theoretic minimum, and significantly les... | large_corpus_distillation |
"List group label strategy-Background-LGL was designed to help teachers activate students\u2019 schema in regards to a particular concept, to improve existing vocabulary, to organize verbal concepts, and to remember new vocabulary. LGL was introduced by Hilda Taba in her book, Teachers\u2019 Handbook to Elementary Soci... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Network planning and design-Survivability-Network survivability enables the network to maintain maximum network connectivity and quality of service under failure conditions. It has been one of the critical requirements in network planning and design. It involves design requirements on topology, protocol, bandwidth all... | large_corpus_distillation |
The predominant view is that retweeting is like pointing at someone else's post (i.e. directing attention to it), or inviting one's audience to pay attention to it. RT is a popular acronym on social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, meaning 'Regards To' and 'Re-Tweet' respectively." | large_corpus_distillation |
the clusters of the original dataset. Thus making it a reliable tool for measuring similarity between two clusters." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Convolutional neural network-Regularization methods-Artificial data Because the degree of model overfitting is determined by both its power and the amount of training it receives, providing a convolutional network with more training examples can reduce overfitting. Because there is often not enough available data to t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Buffer overflow-Protective countermeasures-Choice of programming language Assembly, C and C++ are popular programming languages that are vulnerable to buffer overflow in part because they allow direct access to memory and are not strongly typed. C provides no built-in protection against accessing or overwriting data i... | large_corpus_distillation |
the semantic consistency of the inserted code in relation to its source codebase." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Meltdown (security vulnerability)-Impact-CPU \u2013 Many of the most widely used modern CPUs from the late 1990s until early 2018 have the required exploitable design. However, it is possible to mitigate it within CPU design. A CPU that could detect and avoid memory access for unprivileged instructions, or was not sus... | large_corpus_distillation |
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