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"Glossary of aerospace engineering-A-Aerocapture \u2013 is an orbital transfer maneuver used to reduce the velocity of a spacecraft from a hyperbolic trajectory to an elliptical orbit around the targeted celestial body.\nAerodynamics \u2013 is the study of the motion of air, particularly with respect to its interaction... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Silvermont-Errata-Bay Trail issues on Linux It has been widely reported that Bay Trail CPUs (and possibly their derivatives including Airmont/Braswell/Cherry Trail) experience random freezes / lock-ups on various Linux kernels. Reference Linux bug report 109051 on Kernel.org Bugzilla, first reported Dec-2015. Workarou... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Secure Hash Algorithms-Secure Hash Algorithms-The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), including: SHA-0: A retronym applied to the original version of the 160-... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fairphone 3-Reception-Sophie Charara, writing in Wired, said that the phone's technical specification is \"almost identical to the Moto G7, our current recommendation for the best budget phone.\" She considered it \"important\" that \"the premium for choosing an ethical phone had dropped to below \u00a3200\" \"for the... | large_corpus_distillation |
in the classifier are returned to the mill for another cycle of grinding." | large_corpus_distillation |
the Meltdown and related Spectre vulnerabilities (especially, Meltdown and Spectre-V2, but not Spectre-V1), and expected to release the newly redesigned processors later in 2018. On 8 October 2018, Intel is reported to have added hardware and firmware mitigations regarding Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities to its la... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Abstract economy-Abstract economy with utility functions-Equilibrium An equilibrium in an abstract economy is a vector of choices, x=(x1,\u2026,xN)=(xi,x\u2212i) , such that, for each agent i , the action xi maximizes the function Ui(\u22c5,x\u2212i) subject to the constraint xi\u2208Ai(x) max xi\u2032\u2208Ai(x)... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Head-directionality parameter-Head-final languages-3. Object-Verb-Subject (OVS) In this variation, the subject moves to end of the sentence. This is an example of how verbs in Turkish can move to other positions in the clause, even though other head-final languages, such as Japanese and Korean, typically see verbs com... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Envy minimization-Distributed envy minimization-In some cases, it is required to compute an envy-minimizing allocation in a distributed manner, i.e., each agent should compute his/her own allocation, in a way that guarantees that the resulting allocation is consistent. This problem can be solved by presenting it as an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Unit vector-Orthogonal coordinates-When a unit vector in space is expressed in Cartesian notation as a linear combination of i, j, k, its three scalar components can be referred to as direction cosines. The value of each component is equal to the cosine of the angle formed by the unit vector with the respective basis ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Recursive ascent parser-Recursive ascent parser-Recursive ascent was first described by Thomas Pennello in his article Pennello, Thomas J. (1986). \"Very fast LR parsing\". Proceedings of the 1986 SIGPLAN symposium on Compiler construction - SIGPLAN '86. pp. 145\u2013151. doi:10.1145/12276.13326. ISBN 0897911970. S2CI... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Semiring-Properties-The standard axiomatization of PA is more concise and the theory uses \" \u2264pre \". However, just removing the potent induction principle from that axiomatization does not leave a workable algebraic theory. Indeed, even Robinson arithmetic Q , which removes induction but adds back the predeces... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Probabilistic context-free grammar-Relation with hidden Markov models-The Inside-Outside algorithm is an analogue of the Forward-Backward algorithm. It computes the total probability of all derivations that are consistent with a given sequence, based on some PCFG. This is equivalent to the probability of the PCFG gene... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Format-preserving encryption-Algorithms-For example, an application may want to encrypt 100-bit values with AES in a way that creates another 100-bit value. With this technique, AES-128-ECB encryption can be applied until it reaches a value which has all of its 28 highest bits set to 0, which will take an average of 2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Random permutation statistics-Probability that a random subset of [n] lies on the same cycle-Averaging out we obtain that the probability of the elements of Q being on the same cycle is (nm)\u22121[zn]1mzm(1\u2212z)m+1=(nm)\u221211m[zn\u2212m]1(1\u2212z)m+1 or 1m(nm)\u22121((n\u2212m)+mm)=1m.\nIn particular, the proba... | large_corpus_distillation |
the project risks regarding his/her point of view and requirements. The method ensures the consistency of all these perspectives." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gumbel distribution-Properties-The mode is \u03bc, while the median is ln ln \u20612), and the mean is given by E\u2061(X)=\u03bc+\u03b3\u03b2 ,where \u03b3 is the Euler\u2013Mascheroni constant.\nThe standard deviation \u03c3 is \u03b2\u03c0/6 hence 0.78 \u03c3.\nAt the mode, where x=\u03bc , the value of F(x;... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Flooding (Australian football)-Flooding (Australian football)-Flooding is a tactic used in the sport of Australian rules football. It involves the coach releasing players in the forward line from their set positions and directing them to the opposition forward area, congesting the area and making it more difficult for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mix network-How it works-Return addresses What is needed now is a way for B to respond to A while still keeping the identity of A secret from B." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dihedral group of order 6-Subgroups-The first-mentioned is { (), (RGB), (RBG) }, the alternating group A3.\nThe left cosets and the right cosets of A3 coincide (as they do for any subgroup of index 2) and consist of A3 and the set of three swaps { (RB), (RG), (BG)}." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Statistically close-Statistically close-A distance between populations can be interpreted as measuring the distance between two probability distributions and hence they are essentially measures of distances between probability measures. Where statistical distance measures relate to the differences between random varia... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Logarithm-Logarithm-In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base 10 of 1000 is 3, or log10\u2009(1000) = 3. The logarithm of x ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Set cover problem-Set cover problem-The decision version of set covering is NP-complete, and the optimization/search version of set cover is NP-hard. It is a problem \"whose study has led to the development of fundamental techniques for the entire field\" of approximation algorithms. If each set is assigned a cost, it... | large_corpus_distillation |
often written X\u22a5Y or X\u22a5\u22a5Y , and X is independent of Y given W is often written X\u22a5\u22a5Y|W or X\u22a5Y|W P(A\u2223B) , the conditional probability, is the probability of A given B , i.e., A after B is observed." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Occurs check-Rational tree unification-Prolog implementations usually omit the occurs check for reasons of efficiency, which can lead to circular data structures and looping. By not performing the occurs check, the worst case complexity of unifying a term t1 with term t2 is reduced in many cases from size size (t2))... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bretagnolle\u2013Huber inequality-Examples of applications-Information-theoretic lower bound for k-armed bandit games In multi-armed bandit, a lower bound on the minimax regret of any bandit algorithm can be proved using Bretagnolle\u2013Huber and its consequence on hypothesis testing (see Chapter 15 of Bandit Algorit... | large_corpus_distillation |
number generator (a.k.a. \"deterministic random bit generator\", DRBG). With a proper DRBG algorithm selected, the combination becomes a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Countermeasure-Passive-\"Passive\" countermeasures mean the system is not aware of the incoming incident or potential security issues. To mitigate the result of any security issues, the system sets up a set of passive approach which only activates when the system encounters security problems. Usually, \"Passive\" coun... | large_corpus_distillation |
"K-edge-connected graph-Computational aspects-If n is the number of vertices in the graph, this simple algorithm would perform O(n2) iterations of the Maximum flow problem, which can be solved in O(n3) time. Hence the complexity of the simple algorithm described above is O(n5) in total." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Joint application design-Challenges-Without multifaceted preparation for a JAD session, professionals' valuable time can be easily wasted. If JAD session organizers do not study the elements of the system being evaluated, an incorrect problem could be addressed, incorrect people could be invited to participate, and in... | large_corpus_distillation |
by on-off keying of an information-carrying medium such as electric current, radio waves, visible light, or sound waves. The current or wave is present during the time period of the dit or dah and absent during the time between dits and dahs.Since many natural languages use more than the 26 letters of the Latin alphabe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Randomised decision rule-Selection of randomised decision rules-The risk set, henceforth denoted as S , is the set of all vectors in which each entry is the value of the risk function associated with a randomised decision rule under a certain parameter: it contains all vectors of the form (R(\u03b81,d\u2217),...R(\u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Row polymorphism-Records and record types-The row polymorphisms may be constrained. The type Float Float ,empty} expresses the fact that a record of that type has exactly the x and y fields and nothing else. Thus, a classic record type is obtained." | large_corpus_distillation |
n )\u2208{0,1}n with \u2211n i=1 x i =k. There are (n k ) such\nsequences, and each has the probability given above.\nThe distribution defined by this probability density function is known, appropriately enough, as the P\u00f3lya distribution with parameters n, a, b, and c.\nOf course, the distribution reduces to the b... | large_corpus_distillation |
"The Seven Sins of Memory-Types of memory failure-Schacter also describes how to create misattribution errors using the DRM procedure. Subjects are read a list of words like sharp, pin, sewing, and so on, but not the word needle. Later subjects are given a second list of words including the word needle, and are asked t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Image scaling-Algorithms-Mipmap Another solution to the downscale problem of bi-sampling scaling are mipmaps. A mipmap is a prescaled set of downscale copies. When downscaling the nearest larger mipmap is used as the origin, to ensure no scaling below the useful threshold of bilinear scaling is used. This algorithm is... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Elliptic-curve Diffie\u2013Hellman-Key establishment protocol-Alice computes point (xk,yk)=dA\u22c5QB . Bob computes point (xk,yk)=dB\u22c5QA . The shared secret is xk (the x coordinate of the point). Most standardized protocols based on ECDH derive a symmetric key from xk using some hash-based key derivation func... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Expected linear time MST algorithm-Performance-To prove the lemma examine the edges of G as they are being added to H. The number of F-light edges in G is independent of the order in which the edges of H are selected since the minimum spanning forest of H is the same for all selection orders. For the sake of the proof... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software rot-Causes-Several factors are responsible for software rot, including changes to the environment in which the software operates, degradation of compatibility between parts of the software itself, and the appearance of bugs in unused or rarely used code." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Euler's theorem-Euler's theorem-The theorem may be used to easily reduce large powers modulo n . For example, consider finding the ones place decimal digit of 222 , i.e. 222 mod 10 ) . The integers 7 and 10 are coprime, and 10 )=4 . So Euler's theorem yields mod 10 ) , and we get 222 55 55 55 49 mod 10 ) In gene... | large_corpus_distillation |
language is not the cause, although the loss of language is an effect." | large_corpus_distillation |
f(x)=2\nx\u2192\u22123\u2212 x\u2192\u22123+\nv. f(\u22123)=3\n2.4E.3 https://math.libretexts.org/@go/page/50408" | large_corpus_distillation |
complexity generally results in an extremely long execution run-time of a given mD-DSP application rendering its usage to become impractical for many applications; especially for real-time applications. This long run-time is the primary motivation of applying parallel algorithmic techniques to mD-DSP problems." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Crossing Numbers of Graphs-Audience and reception-The book can be used as an advanced textbook, and has exercises provided for that use. However, it assumes that its readers are already familiar with both graph theory and the design and analysis of algorithms. Reviewing the book, L. W. Beineke calls it a \"valuable co... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Message Abstraction Layer-Advantages-The services themselves provide the \u2018plug-and-play\u2019 interface for applications, allowing them to be integrated and deployed wherever is appropriate for the mission.\nThere are no performance overheads as the MAL layer is conceptual and can be optimized out using code gene... | large_corpus_distillation |
safety levels (QM to ASIL-D) from different sources, reducing the system complexity of implementing those safety levels." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mathematical economics-Modern mathematical economics-Nonlinear programming Extensions to nonlinear optimization with inequality constraints were achieved in 1951 by Albert W. Tucker and Harold Kuhn, who considered the nonlinear optimization problem: Minimize f(x) subject to gi(x)\u22640 and hj(x)=0 where f(\u22c5) ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear probing-Choice of hash function-Because linear probing is especially sensitive to unevenly distributed hash values, it is important to combine it with a high-quality hash function that does not produce such irregularities.\nThe analysis above assumes that each key's hash is a random number independent of the ha... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Learning with errors-Use in cryptography-Public key: Choose m vectors a1,\u2026,am\u2208Zqn uniformly and independently. Choose error offsets e1,\u2026,em\u2208T independently according to \u03c7 . The public key consists of (ai,bi=\u27e8ai,s\u27e9/q+ei)i=1m Encryption: The encryption of a bit x\u2208{0,1} is do... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Residual entropy-Residual entropy-Another example is any amorphous solid (glass). These have residual entropy, because the atom-by-atom microscopic structure can be arranged in a huge number of different ways across a macroscopic system." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Knowledge representation and reasoning-Ontology engineering-Ontologies can of course be written down in a wide variety of languages and notations (e.g., logic, LISP, etc.); the essential information is not the form of that language but the content, i.e., the set of concepts offered as a way of thinking about the world... | large_corpus_distillation |
both. The Z80 and 8088 CPUs ran concurrently. A benefit of the Rainbow was that it could continue to run 8-bit CP/M software, preserving a user's possibly sizable investment as they moved into the 16-bit world of MS-DOS. A similar dual-processor adaption for the CompuPro System 816 was named CP/M 8-16. The CP/M-86 adap... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Join-based tree algorithms-Join algorithms-The join algorithm for AVL trees: function joinRightAVL(TL, k, TR) (l, k', c) := expose(TL) if h(c) \u2264 h(TR) + 1 T' := Node(c, k, TR) if h(T') \u2264 h(l) + 1 return Node(l, k', T') else return rotateLeft(Node(l, k', rotateRight(T'))) else T' := joinRightAVL(c, k, TR) T ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Addressing mode-Obsolete addressing modes-The DEC PDP-10, also 36-bit, had special instructions which allowed memory to be treated as a sequence of fixed-size bit fields or bytes of any size from 1 bit to 36 bits. A one-word sequence descriptor in memory, called a \"byte pointer\", held the current word address within... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hiking equipment-Basic equipment and abilities-Dry bags are heavier, more durable, and provide the same benefits. A dry-bag can be used as an emergency container for boiling water using the hot-rock method.\nStuff sacks and compression sacks help reduce the volume of clothes and sleeping bags.\nHard-sided, plastic con... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Grill (cryptology)-Background-abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ptkxrzqswmcojylagehbvuidnf (ap)(bt)(ck)(dx)(er)(fz)(gq)(hs)(iw)(jm)(lo)(ny)(uv) abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ukzmyxrsnqbwdipojghvatlfec (au)(bk)(cz)(dm)(ey)(fx)(gr)(hs)(in)(jq)(lw)(op)(tv) abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz uymsznqwovtpcfilgxdkajhrbe (au)(by)(cm)(ds)(ez)(... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Beer rating-Beer rating-Beer rating is assessing and evaluating beer using a point system. The process is similar to that used in beer judging competitions, such as those organised by the Beer Judge Certification Program (BJCP) in America, though the participants are consumers so it may be termed a score-rated recomme... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Repetition code-Repetition code-Because of the bad error correcting performance coupled with the low code rate (ratio between useful information symbols and actual transmitted symbols), other error correction codes are preferred in most cases. The chief attraction of the repetition code is the ease of implementation." | large_corpus_distillation |
"IEEE 802.11w-2009-Replay protection-Replay protection is provided by already existing mechanisms. Specifically, there is a (per-station, per-key, per-priority) counter for each transmitted frame; this is used as a nonce/initialization vector (IV) in cryptographic encapsulation/decapsulation, and the receiving station ... | large_corpus_distillation |
Applications with Discount or Mark-up\nApplications of discount are very common in retail settings. When you buy an item on sale, the original price has been discounted\nby some dollar amount. The discount rate, usually given as a percent, is used to determine the amount of the discount. To\ndetermine the amount of dis... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Unrestricted grammar-Formal definition-An unrestricted grammar is a formal grammar {\\textstyle G=(N,T,P,S)} , where N is a finite set of nonterminal symbols, T is a finite set of terminal symbols with N and T disjoint, P is a finite set of production rules of the form \u03b1\u2192\u03b2, where \u03b1 and \u03b2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Additive identity-Further examples-A ring or field is a group under the operation of addition and thus these also have a unique additive identity 0. This is defined to be different from the multiplicative identity 1 if the ring (or field) has more than one element. If the additive identity and the multiplicative ident... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hierarchical hidden Markov model-Description-The states that do not directly emit observations symbols are called internal states. The activation of a state in an HHMM under an internal state is called a vertical transition. After a vertical transition is completed, a horizontal transition occurs to a state within the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Relation construction-Relation construction-Relation composition and relation reduction are special cases of relation constructions." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Graph (abstract data type)-Graph (abstract data type)-A graph data structure may also associate to each edge some edge value, such as a symbolic label or a numeric attribute (cost, capacity, length, etc.)." | large_corpus_distillation |
the differentiable, convex function f on the Euclidean ball B such that\n\u221a 2,n\nk\u2207f(x)k \u2264 1, \u2200x \u2208 B . This implies that |\u2207f(x)| \u2264 n and the projected\n\u221e 2,n 2\ngradient descent converges to the minimum of f in B at rate n. Using the\n2,n pk\nmethod of mirror descent we can get co... | large_corpus_distillation |
"React (JavaScript library)-Notable features-Rules of hooks There are two rules of Hooks which describe the characteristic code patterns that Hooks rely on: \"Only Call Hooks at the Top Level\" \u2014 Don't call hooks from inside loops, conditions, or nested statements so that the hooks are called in the same order eac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IOS 16-App features-Messages Sent messages can be edited within 15 minutes and can be deleted within 2 minutes.\nAbility to mark an entire discussion as unread.\nSharePlay is now available in the Messages app to watch a movie or listen to music with friends, without requiring them to make a FaceTime call.\nRecover del... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Nial-Examples-Computing a factorial fact is recur [ 0 =, 1 first, pass, product, -1 +] fact 4 |24 Reversing an array rev is reshape [ shape, across [pass, pass, converse append ] ] rev [1, 2, 3, 4] |4 3 2 1 Generating primes Contrast with APL primes is sublist [ each (2 = sum eachright (0 = mod) [pass,count]), pass ] ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sixth Term Examination Paper-Marking-All non-crossed-out work is assessed and a candidate's final score is based on their six highest scoring solutions. All papers are checked at least twice to ensure that all of a candidate's non-crossed-out solutions have been assessed. A candidate's marks are then independently en... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matrix Chernoff bound-Matrix Bennett and Bernstein inequalities-In the scalar setting, Bennett and Bernstein inequalities describe the upper tail of a sum of independent, zero-mean random variables that are either bounded or subexponential. In the matrix case, the analogous results concern a sum of zero-mean random ma... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Associative containers-Design-The associative containers can be grouped into two subsets: maps and sets. A map, sometimes referred to as a dictionary, consists of a key/value pair. The key is used to order the sequence, and the value is somehow associated with that key. For example, a map might contain keys representi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Network throughput-Maximum throughput-Maximum theoretical throughput This number is closely related to the channel capacity of the system, and is the maximum possible quantity of data that can be transmitted under ideal circumstances. In some cases this number is reported as equal to the channel capacity, though this ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"36-bit computing-History-These computers had addresses 12 to 18 bits in length. The addresses referred to 36-bit words, so the computers were limited to addressing between 4,096 and 262,144 words (24,576 to 1,572,864 six-bit characters). The older 36-bit computers were limited to a similar amount of physical memory as... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Protel-Control Flow-There are 2 forms of the case (switch) statement. Using the CASE keyword uses a jump table and SELECT uses sequential if-then-else logic. Cases are exclusive, they don't fall through as in C." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Block code-The block code and its parameters-For example, if we only consider errors that may change symbols of the sent codeword but never erase or add them, then the number of errors is the number of positions in which the sent codeword and the received word differ." | large_corpus_distillation |
since the radicand of a square root must be positive. Since square roots\nare positive, or, which gives a domain of .\nAnalysis\nThis example shows that knowledge of the range of functions (specifically the inner function) can also be helpful in\nfinding the domain of a composite function. It also shows that the domain... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data-Data-In common usage and statistics, data (US: ; UK: ) is a collection of discrete or continuous values that convey information, describing the quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted formally. A datum is an individual value... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Structured sparsity regularization-Connections to Other Areas of Machine Learning-In the algorithms mentioned above, a whole space was taken into consideration at once and was partitioned into groups, i.e. subspaces. A complementary point of view is to consider the case in which distinct spaces are combined to obtain ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quantum computing-Algorithms-Post-quantum cryptography A notable application of quantum computation is for attacks on cryptographic systems that are currently in use. Integer factorization, which underpins the security of public key cryptographic systems, is believed to be computationally infeasible with an ordinary c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shotwell (software)-Shotwell (software)-Shotwell is an image organizer designed to provide personal photo management for the GNOME desktop environment. In 2010, it replaced F-Spot as the standard image tool for several GNOME-based Linux distributions, including Fedora in version 13 and Ubuntu in its 10.10 Maverick Mee... | large_corpus_distillation |
and the corresponding principal vectors using the sine-based approach. The combined technique is implemented in open-source libraries Octave and SciPy and contributed and to MATLAB." | large_corpus_distillation |
"End-to-end encryption-End-to-end encryption-End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a private communication system in which only communicating users can participate. As such, no one, including the communication system provider, telecom providers, Internet providers or malicious actors, can access the cryptographic keys needed... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reciprocity (network science)-Motivation-In real network problems, people are interested in determining the likelihood of occurring double links (with opposite directions) between vertex pairs. This problem is fundamental for several reasons. First, in the networks that transport information or material (such as email... | large_corpus_distillation |
"All-pairs testing-Rationale-max(S) is one of the maximum of the multiset S The number of pair-wise test cases on this test function would be:- T=max(X)\u00d7max(X\u2216max(X)) Therefore, if the n=max(X) and m=max(X\u2216max(X)) then the number of tests is typically O(nm), where n and m are the number of possibiliti... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Miller\u2013Rabin primality test-Mathematical concepts-Choices of bases Thankfully, no composite number is a strong pseudoprime to all bases at the same time (contrary to the Fermat primality test for which Fermat pseudoprimes to all bases exist: the Carmichael numbers). However no simple way of finding a witness is k... | large_corpus_distillation |
at x ) we can form the linear functional dfx as above. Since the map d restricts to 0 on Ix2 (the reader should verify this), d descends to a map from Ix/Ix2 to the dual of the tangent space, (TxM)\u2217 . One can show that this map is an isomorphism, establishing the equivalence of the two definitions." | large_corpus_distillation |
{\\textstyle m} is the number of edges of the considered graph.\nNow consider an eigendecomposition of {\\textstyle L} , with unit-norm eigenvectors {\\textstyle \\mathbf {v} _{i}} and corresponding eigenvalues {\\textstyle \\lambda _{i}} :\u03bbi=viTLvi=viTMTMvi=(Mvi)T(Mvi).\nBecause {\\textstyle \\lambda _{i}} ca... | large_corpus_distillation |
developer's duty to directly ask the customer for clarification. Agile methodologies attempt to capture requirements in a series of automated acceptance tests." | large_corpus_distillation |
Next suppose that U is a simple random variable that is G-measurable. That is, U=\u2211 i\u2208I a i 1 Ai where I is a finite index set, a i \u22650 for i\u2208I, and A i \u2208G\nfor i\u2208I. then\nE[UE(X\u2223G)]=E[\u2211a1 E(X\u2223G)]=\u2211aE[1 E(X\u2223G)]=\u2211aE(1 X)=E(\u2211a1 X)=E(UX) (4.10.2)\ni Ai i Ai i ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Backtracking-Examples-For this class of problems, the instance data P would be the integers m and n, and the predicate F. In a typical backtracking solution to this problem, one could define a partial candidate as a list of integers c = (c[1], c[2], \u2026, c[k]), for any k between 0 and n, that are to be assigned to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Heavy-tailed distribution-Definitions-Definition of heavy-tailed distribution The distribution of a random variable X with distribution function F is said to have a heavy (right) tail if the moment generating function of X, MX(t), is infinite for all t > 0.That means for all 0.\nThis is also written in terms of the t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software development process-Methodologies-Cycles Through trials and errors, Basecamp found that the ideal cycle length is 6 weeks. This 6 week period is long enough to build a meaningful feature and still short enough to induce a sense of urgency." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Knowledge representation and reasoning-History-Recent projects funded primarily by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) have integrated frame languages and classifiers with markup languages based on XML. The Resource Description Framework (RDF) provides the basic capability to define classes, subclass... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Printf format string-Format placeholder specification-On the non-POSIX Microsoft Windows, support for this feature is placed in a separate printf_p function.\nFlags field The Flags field can be zero or more (in any order) of: Width field The Width field specifies a minimum number of characters to output and is typical... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Instruction set architecture-Overview-The concept of an architecture, distinct from the design of a specific machine, was developed by Fred Brooks at IBM during the design phase of System/360. Prior to NPL [System/360], the company's computer designers had been free to honor cost objectives not only by selecting techn... | large_corpus_distillation |
Such dimensionality reduction can be a very useful step for visualising and processing high-dimensional datasets, while still retaining as much of the variance in the dataset as possible. For example, selecting L = 2 and keeping only the first two principal components finds the two-dimensional plane through the high-di... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software testing-Testing approach-Exploratory approach The \"box\" approach Software testing methods are traditionally divided into white- and black-box testing. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that the tester takes when designing test cases. A hybrid approach called grey-box testing may al... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Convergence space-Definition and notation-A filter on a set X is a non-empty subset F\u2286\u2118(X) that is upward closed in X, closed under finite intersections, and does not have the empty set as an element (i.e. \u2205\u2209F ). A prefilter is any family of sets that is equivalent (with respect to subordinatio... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Plural quantification-Formal definition-This can be taken as the simplest, and most obvious argument that plural logic as Boolos defined it is ontologically innocent." | large_corpus_distillation |
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