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"TENEX (operating system)-BBN and PDP-10s-The developer team\u2014amongst them Daniel Murphy and Daniel G. Bobrow\u2014chose the name TENEX (TEN-EXtended) for the new system. It included a full virtual memory system\u2014that is, not only could programs access a full 18 bit address space of 262144 words of virtual memo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Word-sense disambiguation-Approaches and methods-Deep approaches presume access to a comprehensive body of world knowledge. These approaches are generally not considered to be very successful in practice, mainly because such a body of knowledge does not exist in a computer-readable format, outside very limited domains... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Functional safety-Achieving functional safety-Verification that the system meets the assigned SIL, ASIL, PL or agPL by determining the probability of dangerous failure, checking minimum levels of redundancy, and reviewing systematic capability (SC). These three metrics have been called \"the three barriers\". Failure ... | large_corpus_distillation |
for organizations to keep their goals and objectives clear so that their new projects and activities will not be doubted by company employees.Another problem that companies need to avoid is the desire to create a product on a shortened timeline. Although it could seem like it would be worth speeding up the innovation p... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Criticism of Windows Vista-Security-Flaws in memory protection features Security researchers Alexander Sotirov and Mark Dowd have developed a technique that bypasses many of the new memory-protection safeguards in Windows Vista, such as address space layout randomization (ASLR). The result of this is that any already ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software licensing audit-Challenges-Finally, some software packages may internally contain fragments of the source code (such as source code of the Oracle Java) that may be provided only for reference or have various other licenses, not necessary compatible with the internal policies of the company. If the software te... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Batch normalization-Internal covariate shift-Each layer of a neural network has inputs with a corresponding distribution, which is affected during the training process by the randomness in the parameter initialization and the randomness in the input data. The effect of these sources of randomness on the distribution o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"T-norm-T-conorms-Dually to t-norms, all t-conorms are bounded by the maximum and the drastic t-conorm: \u22a5max(a,b)\u2264\u22a5(a,b)\u2264\u22a5D(a,b) , for any t-conorm \u22a5 and all a, b in [0, 1].Further properties result from the relationships between t-norms and t-conorms or their interplay with other operato... | large_corpus_distillation |
information from memory. Psychiatrist Edward M. Hallowell has gone so far as to describe multitasking as a \"mythical activity in which people believe they can perform two or more tasks simultaneously as effectively as one.\" Others have researched multitasking in the area of learning. Richard E Mayer and Moreno[6] stu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"GOST (hash function)-Algorithm-:= 0 \u2014 Control sum := 0 \u2014 Message length Compression function of internal iterations: for i = 1 \u2026 n \u2014 1 do the following (while 256 ): := f(h,mi) \u2013 apply step hash function := 256 \u2013 recalculate message length := \u03a3+mi \u2013 calculate control sum Compre... | large_corpus_distillation |
"EROFS-Features-The file system has two different inode on-disk layouts. One is compact, and the other is extended.\nLittle-endian on-disk design 4 KB block size and 32-bit block address, which limits the total possible capacity of an EROFS filesystem to 16 TB.\nMetadata and data could be mixed by tail-packing inline d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bayesian programming-Example-Parametric forms To be able to compute the joint distribution, the programmer must now specify the N+1 distributions appearing in the decomposition: Spam ) is a prior defined, for instance, by Spam 0.75 Each of the N forms Spam ) may be specified using Laplace rule of succession (this i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Explicitly parallel instruction computing-Roots in VLIW-By 1989, researchers at HP recognized that reduced instruction set computer (RISC) architectures were reaching a limit at one instruction per cycle. They began an investigation into a new architecture, later named EPIC. The basis for the research was VLIW, in whi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Two Generals' Problem-Definition-The thought experiment involves considering how they might go about coming to a consensus. In its simplest form, one general is known to be the leader, decides on the time of the attack, and must communicate this time to the other general. The problem is to come up with algorithms that... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Swing (Java)-Architecture-The core rendering functionality used by Swing to draw its lightweight components is provided by Java 2D, another part of JFC." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extended Boolean model-Definitions-In the Extended Boolean model, a document is represented as a vector (similarly to in the vector model). Each i dimension corresponds to a separate term associated with the document.\nThe weight of term Kx associated with document dj is measured by its normalized Term frequency and c... | large_corpus_distillation |
. Relative to the discrete metric ,\nX \u2192X n\u2192\u221e P(X =X for all but finitely many n\u2208N )=1\n1. n as with probability 1 if and only if n + .\nX \u2192X n\u2192\u221e P(X \u2260X)\u21920 n\u2192\u221e\n2. n as in probability if and only if n as .\nProof\n(x ,x ,\u2026) S x\u2208S d x \u2192x n\u2192\u221e... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Running key cipher-Running key cipher-In classical cryptography, the running key cipher is a type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher in which a text, typically from a book, is used to provide a very long keystream. Usually, the book to be used would be agreed ahead of time, while the passage to be used would be cho... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Entropy (information theory)-Characterization-I(1) = 0: events that always occur do not communicate information." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sylvester equation-Roth's removal rule-Given two square complex matrices A and B, of size n and m, and a matrix C of size n by m, then one can ask when the following two square matrices of size n + m are similar to each other: [AC0B] and [A00B] . The answer is that these two matrices are similar exactly when there e... | large_corpus_distillation |
Linguistic Characteristics of machine translation Systems and General Methodology of Evaluation, Amsterdam/Filadelfia, John Benjamins, 1988." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extreme learning machine-Algorithms-h(x)=[hi(x),...,hL(x)] is the hidden layer output mapping of ELM. Given N training samples, the hidden layer output matrix H of ELM is given as: H=[h(x1)\u22eeh(xN)]=[G(a1,b1,x1)\u22efG(aL,bL,x1)\u22ee\u22ee\u22eeG(a1,b1,xN)\u22efG(aL,bL,xN)] and T is the training data target ma... | large_corpus_distillation |
"3.2 \u2022 Domain and Range 241\nindicate that the endpoint is either not included or the interval is unbounded. For example, if a person has $100 to\nspend, they would need to express the interval that is more than 0 and less than or equal to 100 and write We\nwill discuss interval notation in greater detail later.\n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Second partial derivative test-Functions of many variables-If the Hessian is negative definite (equivalently, has all eigenvalues negative) at a, then f attains a local maximum at a." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Challenge\u2013response authentication-Cryptographic techniques-Authentication protocols usually employ a cryptographic nonce as the challenge to ensure that every challenge\u2013response sequence is unique. This protects against Eavesdropping with a subsequent replay attack. If it is impractical to implement a true n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Markov algorithm-Description-Here is an example of a normal algorithm scheme in the five-letter alphabet |\u2217abc :{|b\u2192ba|ab\u2192bab\u2192\u2217|\u2192b\u2217\u2217\u2192c|c\u2192cac\u2192c|c\u2192\u22c5 The process of applying the normal algorithm to an arbitrary string V in the alphabet of this algorithm i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Filtration (mathematics)-Examples-Sets A maximal filtration of a set is equivalent to an ordering (a permutation) of the set. For instance, the filtration {0}\u2286{0,1}\u2286{0,1,2} corresponds to the ordering (0,1,2) . From the point of view of the field with one element, an ordering on a set corresponds to a maxi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Human intelligence-Theories-One of Piaget's most famous studies focused purely on the discriminative abilities of children between the ages of two and a half years old, and four and a half years old. He began the study by taking children of different ages and placing two lines of sweets, one with the sweets in a line ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Derivative-Higher derivatives-Calculation shows that f is a differentiable function whose derivative at x is given by if if 0." | large_corpus_distillation |
"JUnit-JUnit Extension Model-Conditional test execution - this enables the developer to execute the test case only after meeting certain criteria.\nParameter resolution - This enables the developer to resolve a parameter after receiving it from a test method or constructor.\nException handling - A use case for exceptio... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matrix mechanics-Further results-The interpretation of the matrices is that they act as generators of motions on the space of states." | large_corpus_distillation |
in an industrial process, and then later form the impregnated fibers to a shape which could prove to be problematic for the hot injection process. Pre-preg also allows one to impregnate a bulk amount of fiber and then store it in a cooled area (below 20 \u00b0C) for an extended period of time to cure later. The process... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bootstrap aggregating-Process of the algorithm-The diagram below shows a decision tree of depth two being used to classify data. For example, a data point that exhibits Feature 1, but not Feature 2, will be given a \"No\". Another point that does not exhibit Feature 1, but does exhibit Feature 3, will be given a \"Yes... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Most probable number-Most probable number-The most probable number method, otherwise known as the method of Poisson zeroes, is a method of getting quantitative data on concentrations of discrete items from positive/negative (incidence) data." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linguistic performance-Performance-grammar correspondence hypothesis-Japanese NPo and PPm orderings by relative weight Npo = direct object NP with accusative case particle. PPm = PP constructed on its right periphery by a P(ostposition). ICm= either NPo or PPm. 2IC=longer IC; 1IC = shorter IC. Proportion of long-to s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Topologies on spaces of linear maps-\ud835\udca2-topologies on spaces of continuous linear maps-If G is a bornology on X, which is often the case, then these axioms are satisfied. If G is a saturated family of bounded subsets of X then these axioms are also satisfied.\nProperties Hausdorffness A subset of a TVS ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"K-anonymity-K-anonymity-k-anonymity is a property possessed by certain anonymized data. The term k-anonymity was first introduced by Pierangela Samarati and Latanya Sweeney in a paper published in 1998, although the concept dates to a 1986 paper by Tore Dalenius.k-anonymity is an attempt to solve the problem \"Given p... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reliability engineering-Software reliability-The Software Engineering Institute's capability maturity model is a common means of assessing the overall software development process for reliability and quality purposes." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fast syndrome-based hash-Description of the hash function-For security purposes as well as to get a faster hash speed we want to use only \u201cregular words of weight w \u201d as input for our matrix.\nDefinitions A message is called a word of weight w and length n if it consists of n bits and exactly w of those... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Code bloat-Reducing bloat-Some techniques for reducing code bloat include: Code refactoring a commonly used code sequence into a subroutine, and calling that subroutine from several locations, rather than copy and pasting the code at each of those locations (copy-and-paste programming).\nRe-using subroutines that have... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Variable neighborhood search-Local search-A local search heuristic is performed through choosing an initial solution x, discovering a direction of descent from x, within a neighborhood N(x), and proceeding to the minimum of f(x) within N(x) in the same direction. If there is no direction of descent, the heuristic stop... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Modular multiplicative inverse-Modular multiplicative inverse-In mathematics, particularly in the area of arithmetic, a modular multiplicative inverse of an integer a is an integer x such that the product ax is congruent to 1 with respect to the modulus m. In the standard notation of modular arithmetic this congruence... | large_corpus_distillation |
of Statistical Mathematics, 30: 9\u201314, doi:10.1007/bf02480194, S2CID 189781906.\nAkaike, H. (1978), \"On the likelihood of a time series model\", The Statistician, 27 (3/4): 217\u2013235, doi:10.2307/2988185, JSTOR 2988185.\nAkaike, H. (1979), \"A Bayesian extension of the minimum AIC procedure of autoregressive mo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Distributive property-Distributive property-In mathematics, the distributive property of binary operations is a generalization of the distributive law, which asserts that the equality is always true in elementary algebra.\nFor example, in elementary arithmetic, one has Therefore, one would say that multiplication dist... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Juxtaposition-Juxtaposition-Juxtaposition is an act or instance of placing two elements close together or side by side. This is often done in order to compare/contrast the two, to show similarities or differences, etc." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Continuous delivery-Principles-Developers used to a long cycle time may need to change their mindset when working in a CD environment. It is important to understand that any code commit may be released to customers at any point. Patterns such as feature toggles can be very useful for committing code early which is not... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Branch and bound-Branch and bound-The algorithm depends on efficient estimation of the lower and upper bounds of regions/branches of the search space. If no bounds are available, the algorithm degenerates to an exhaustive search." | large_corpus_distillation |
sentence. This is evidence that there are more restrictive constraints on what is considered a small clause in Mandarin Chinese, which requires further research." | large_corpus_distillation |
operations, because there is exactly one existential nexus for any given property instantiation. If the developer decides to change a property value such as the \"name\" of any code element (the \"function argument\" in this example), the ASG inherently exposes that value in exactly one place, and it follows that any s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"9.3: Add and Subtract Square Roots\n\uf5dc Learning Objectives\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\nAdd and subtract like square roots\nAdd and subtract square roots that need simplification\n\uf128 BE PREPARED\nBefore you get started, take this readiness quiz.\n1. Add: \u24d0 3x+9x \u24d1 5m+5n.\nIf you... | large_corpus_distillation |
"8.3 filename-Directory table-A directory table is a special type of file that represents a directory. Each file or directory stored within it is represented by a 32-byte entry in the table. Each entry records the name, extension, attributes (archive, directory, hidden, read-only, system and volume), the date and time ... | large_corpus_distillation |
find out who are the trendsetters within social networks." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Epsilon-equilibrium-Example-Given a parameter \u03b5 > 0, any strategy profile where Player 2 guesses heads up with probability \u03b5 and tails up with probability 1 \u2212 \u03b5 (at every stage of the game, and independently from previous stages) is an \u03b5-equilibrium for the game. The expected payoff of Player ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"AA tree-Deletion-if nil(T) then return T else if X > value(T) then right(T) := delete(X, right(T)) else if X < value(T) then left(T) := delete(X, left(T)) else If we're a leaf, easy, otherwise reduce to leaf case. if leaf(T) then return right(T) else if nil(left(T)) then L := successor(T) right(T) := delete(value(L),... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Exokernel-MIT exokernels-Design The MIT exokernel manages hardware resources as follows: Processor The kernel represents the processor resources as a timeline from which programs can allocate intervals of time. A program can yield the rest of its time slice to another designated program. The kernel notifies programs o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Photofeed-Image format-Enclosed images may be in the JPEG, GIF or PNG formats." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Personal Storage Table-Formats and size-The file is structured as a B-tree with 512 byte nodes and leaves. All PST files begin with the four-byte magic string \"!BDN\", a four-byte CRC number, and a two-byte magic string of \"SM\".Outlook 2002 and earlier use ANSI (extended ASCII with a codepage) encoding for their .p... | large_corpus_distillation |
data with no assumptions about the form of the covariance matrix. The objective of PCA is to determine linear combinations of the original variables and select a few that can be used to summarize the data set without losing much information." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Laser-Modes of operation-A laser can be classified as operating in either continuous or pulsed mode, depending on whether the power output is essentially continuous over time or whether its output takes the form of pulses of light on one or another time scale. Of course, even a laser whose output is normally continuou... | large_corpus_distillation |
xK is the standard form of some complex Hadamard matrix H Thus from the above property, we see that the core of E is a circulant matrix consisting of all the N=pk\u22121 cyclic shifts of its first row. Such a core is called a cyclic core where in each element of Zp appears in each row of E exactly (N+1)/p=pk\u221... | large_corpus_distillation |
"examples\nDynamic pricing. Here M = N, andL = [`(i,j)] where\nN N\n\u21e5\n(j i) +c\n`(i,j) = \u0000 { i \uf8ff j } { i>j } .\nN\nand h(i,j) = or\ni>j\n{ }\nh(i,j) =a +b , i,j = 1,...,N .\ni j i>j\n{ \uf8ff } { }\nMulti-armed bandit problem. The only information the forecaster\nreceives is his own loss: H = L.\n126" | large_corpus_distillation |
"Exponential family-Examples-Following are some detailed examples of the representation of some useful distribution as exponential families.\nNormal distribution: unknown mean, known variance As a first example, consider a random variable distributed normally with unknown mean \u03bc and known variance \u03c32. The pro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Set-builder notation-Sets defined by enumeration-In general, {1,\u2026,n} denotes the set of all natural numbers i such that 1\u2264i\u2264n . Another notation for {1,\u2026,n} is the bracket notation [n] . A subtle special case is n=0 , in which [0]={1,\u2026,0} is equal to the empty set \u2205 . Similarly, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptography standards-Other-IPsec Virtual Private Network (VPN) and more IEEE P1363 covers most aspects of public-key cryptography Transport Layer Security (formerly SSL) SSH secure Telnet and more Content Scrambling System (CSS, the DVD encryption standard, broken by DeCSS) Kerberos authentication standard RADIUS au... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Elbrus 2000-Elbrus 2000-It supports two instruction set architectures (ISA): Elbrus VLIW Intel x86 (a complete, system-level implementation with a software dynamic binary translation virtual machine, similar to Transmeta Crusoe)Thanks to its unique architecture the Elbrus 2000 can execute 20 instructions per clock, so... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Refal-Basics-A function executes by comparing its argument with the patterns of its sentences in the order they appear in the definition, until the first pattern that matches. The function then replaces the argument with the expression on the right hand side of the matched sentence.\nIf the result of a function applic... | large_corpus_distillation |
"High-dimensional statistics-Examples-Covariance matrix estimation Another example of a high-dimensional statistical phenomenon can be found in the problem of covariance matrix estimation. Suppose that we observe X1,\u2026,Xn\u2208Rp , which are i.i.d. draws from some zero mean distribution with an unknown covariance ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Symmetric tensor-Decomposition-In analogy with the theory of symmetric matrices, a (real) symmetric tensor of order 2 can be \"diagonalized\". More precisely, for any tensor T \u2208 Sym2(V), there is an integer r, non-zero unit vectors v1,...,vr \u2208 V and weights \u03bb1,...,\u03bbr such that T=\u2211i=1r\u03bbivi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Feedforward neural network-History-Multilayer perceptron A multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a misnomer for a modern feedforward artificial neural network, consisting of fully connected neurons with a nonlinear kind of activation function, organized in at least three layers, notable for being able to distinguish data tha... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Balloon (aeronautics)-Principles-High-altitude balloons are used as high flying vessels to carry scientific instruments (like weather balloons), or reach near-space altitudes to take footage or photos of the earth. These balloons can fly over 100,000 feet (30.5 km) into the air, and are designed to burst at a set alti... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Residual sum of squares-Residual sum of squares-In statistics, the residual sum of squares (RSS), also known as the sum of squared residuals (SSR) or the sum of squared estimate of errors (SSE), is the sum of the squares of residuals (deviations predicted from actual empirical values of data). It is a measure of the d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Structure mapping engine-Structural evaluation score-Once the match hypotheses are generated, SME needs to compute an evaluation score for each hypothesis. SME does so by using a set of intern match rules to calculate positive and negative evidence for each match. Multiple amounts of evidence are correlated using Demp... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Windows Update-Complementary software and services-A number of tools have been created by independent software vendors which provide the ability for Windows updates to be automatically downloaded for, or added to, an online or offline system. One common use for offline updates is to ensure a system is fully patched ag... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pfaffian orientation-Application to counting matchings-Pfaffian orientations have been studied in connection with the FKT algorithm for counting the number of perfect matchings in a given graph. In this algorithm, the orientations of the edges are used to assign the values \u00b11 to the variables in the Tutte matrix... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Search engine-Approach-The usefulness of a search engine depends on the relevance of the result set it gives back. While there may be millions of web pages that include a particular word or phrase, some pages may be more relevant, popular, or authoritative than others. Most search engines employ methods to rank the re... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Morphological derivation-Derivation and other types of word formation-Derivation can be contrasted with other types of word formation such as compounding. For full details see Word formation." | large_corpus_distillation |
"MIPS architecture-Calling conventions-For all of O32 and N32/N64, the return address is stored in a $ra register. This is automatically set with the use of the JAL (jump and link) or JALR (jump and link register) instructions. The function prologue of a (non-leaf) MIPS subroutine pushes the return address (in $ra) to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"11.5 \u2022 Matrices and Matrix Operations 1087\nNow, add\nFinding the Product of Two Matrices\nIn addition to multiplying a matrix by a scalar, we can multiply two matrices. Finding theproduct of two matricesis only\npossible when the inner dimensions are the same, meaning that the number of columns of the first matr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Outlier-Working with outliers-Exclusion When deciding whether to remove an outlier, the cause has to be considered. As mentioned earlier, if the outlier's origin can be attributed to an experimental error, or if it can be otherwise determined that the outlying data point is erroneous, it is generally recommended to re... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Constraint grammar-Implementations-CG-1 The first CG implementation was CGP by Fred Karlsson in the early 1990s. It was purely LISP-based, and the syntax was based on LISP s-expressions (Karlsson 1990).\nCG-2 Pasi Tapanainen's CG-2 implementation mdis removed some of the parentheses in the grammar format and was imple... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Minimum description length-Overview-Two-Part codes The distinction in computer programs between programs and literal data applies to all formal descriptions and is sometimes referred to as \"two parts\" of a description. In statistical MDL learning, such a description is frequently called a two-part code." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Coincidence counting (physics)-Coincidence counting (physics)-In quantum physics, coincidence counting is used in experiments testing particle non-locality and quantum entanglement. In these experiments two or more particles are created from the same initial packet of energy, inexorably linking/entangling their physic... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Interpretation (logic)-First-order logic-Domain: A chess set Individual constants: a: The white King, b: The black Queen, c: The white King's pawn F(x): x is a piece G(x): x is a pawn H(x): x is black I(x): x is white J(x, y): x can capture yIn the interpretation I of L: the following are true sentences: F(a), G(c), ... | large_corpus_distillation |
is not a good measure of the actual number\nof individuals. For Y\u00af\u00af\u00af\u00af=1 and X 0 =1, the expected number of individuals in each generation is 1, but the probability that X n =0\napproaches 1 with increasing n; this means that as n gets large, the\nnth\ngeneration contains a large number of individual... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Well-ordering principle-Example Applications-The well-ordering principle can be used in the following proofs.\nPrime Factorization Theorem: Every integer greater than one can be factored as a product of primes. This theorem constitutes part of the Prime Factorization Theorem.\nProof (by well-ordering principle). Let ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Stochastic scheduling-Scheduling of a batch of stochastic jobs-In this class of models, a fixed batch of n jobs with random process times, whose distributions are known, have to be completed by a set of m machines to optimize a given performance objective." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Randomized rounding-Set cover example-Consider the state of the rounding process at the end of some iteration t Let S(t) denote the sets considered so far (the first t sets in S ).\nLet x(t) denote the (partially assigned) vector x\u2032 (so xs(t) is determined only if s\u2208S(t) ).\nFor each set s\u2209S(t)... | large_corpus_distillation |
"1.1 \u2022 Real Numbers: Algebra Essentials 13\n\u24d4 is not a terminating decimal. Also note that there is no repeating pattern because the group\nof 3s increases each time. Therefore it is neither a terminating nor a repeating decimal and, hence, not a rational\nnumber. It is an irrational number.\nTRY IT #3 Determ... | large_corpus_distillation |
to the P versus NP problem and their impact on computational complexity theory. Although some of the general problems are #P-hard problems, the special cases solved are not themselves #P-hard, and thus do not prove FP = #P." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Thought insertion-Neurology-Comparator-model (forward model) The comparator-model, also known as the forward model, is an elaboration of theory of misattributed inner speech. This theory relies on a model involved in inner speech known as the forward model. Specifically, the comparator-model of thought insertion descr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Memory-bound function-Using memory-bound functions to prevent spam-The function G() is selected such that the verification by R is relatively fast (taking a millisecond) and such that the computation by S is somewhat slow (involving at least several seconds). Therefore, S will be discouraged from sending M to multiple... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Illustration of the central limit theorem-Illustration of the continuous case-Thus, the density of the sum of m+n terms of a sequence of independent identically distributed variables equals the convolution of the densities of the sums of m terms and of n term. In particular, the density of the sum of n+1 terms equals ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Binary search tree-Balanced binary search trees-Without rebalancing, insertions or deletions in a binary search tree may lead to degeneration, resulting in a height n of the tree (where n is number of items in a tree), so that the lookup performance is deteriorated to that of a linear search. Keeping the search tree... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Flood control-Terminology-Non-structural flood control include for example land-use planning, advanced warning systems and flood insurance. Further examples for this type of flood control are: \"zoning ordinances and codes, flood forecasting, flood proofing, evacuation and channel clearing, flood fight activities, and... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Axiom schema of replacement-Statement-For clarity, in the case of no variables wi , this simplifies to: \u2200A([\u2200x\u2208A\u2203!y\u03d5(x,y,A)]\u27f9\u2203B\u2200y[y\u2208B\u21d4\u2203x\u2208A\u03d5(x,y,A)]) So whenever \u03d5 specifies a unique x -to- y correspondence, akin to a function F on A , then all ... | large_corpus_distillation |
) also has the following properties: Its first derivative is \u03c6\u2032(x)=\u2212x\u03c6(x).\nIts second derivative is \u03c6\u2032\u2032(x)=(x2\u22121)\u03c6(x) More generally, its nth derivative is He n\u2061(x)\u03c6(x), where He n\u2061(x) is the nth (probabilist) Hermite polynomial.\nThe probability that a n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Continuity (fiction)-Continuity (fiction)-In fiction, continuity is the consistency of the characteristics of people, plot, objects, and places seen by the audience over some period of time. It is relevant to many genres and forms of storytelling, especially if it is long-running.\nContinuity is particularly a concern... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lispkit Lisp-Base language-The base language provides the following functions only but extensions are discussed in Henderson's book for the explicit support of lazy evaluation and non-deterministic programming.\natom given an expression returns True if its value is atomic; False if not.\nadd given two expressions retu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Leftover hash lemma-Leftover hash lemma-The leftover hash lemma is a lemma in cryptography first stated by Russell Impagliazzo, Leonid Levin, and Michael Luby.Imagine that you have a secret key X that has n uniform random bits, and you would like to use this secret key to encrypt a message. Unfortunately, you were a b... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Splitting field-Constructing splitting fields-The construction Let F be a field and p(X) be a polynomial in the polynomial ring F[X] of degree n. The general process for constructing K, the splitting field of p(X) over F, is to construct a chain of fields F=K0\u2282K1\u2282\u22ef\u2282Kr\u22121\u2282Kr=K such that Ki... | large_corpus_distillation |
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