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"Tonelli\u2013Shanks algorithm-Core ideas-By (normally) dividing by 2 repeatedly, we can write p\u22121 as Q2S , where Q is odd. Note that if we try mod p) ,then mod p) . If mod p) , then R is a square root of n . Otherwise, for M=S , we have R and t satisfying: mod p) ; and t is a 2M\u22121 -th root of 1 (b... | large_corpus_distillation |
denote the magnitude of the vector\n\u21c0v.\nA vector\n\u21c0\nwith an initial point and terminal point that are the same is called the zero vector, denoted 0. The zero vector is the only vector\nwithout a direction, and by convention can be considered to have any direction convenient to the problem at hand.\nVectors ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Classical cipher-Classical cipher-In contrast, modern strong cryptography relies on new algorithms and computers developed since the 1970s." | large_corpus_distillation |
since, assuming either the upload is involuntary or all humans chose to upload, biological diseases are prevented in the previous phase, and it is far away from current technological achievement and our understanding on physics." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Drama annotation-Drama across media and genres-The semantic annotation of drama consists of representing the knowledge about drama in a machine-readable format to serve the task of annotating the dramatic content coherently across different media and languages, abstracting at the same time from the technicalities of s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"94 (number)-In computing-The ASCII character set (and, more generally, ISO 646) contains exactly 94 graphic non-whitespace characters, which form a contiguous range of code points. These codes (0x21\u20130x7E, as corresponding high bit set bytes 0xA1\u20130xFE) also used in various multi-byte encoding schemes for lang... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Print awareness-Interventions-Storybook reading can improve a child's print awareness when the parent (or other adult such as a teacher) uses a technique referred to as print referencing. Print referencing occurs when verbal or non-verbal cues are used to encourage a child's attention or interaction with print. An exa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Synchronization (computer science)-Thread or process synchronization-Thread synchronization is defined as a mechanism which ensures that two or more concurrent processes or threads do not simultaneously execute some particular program segment known as critical section. Processes' access to critical section is controll... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Statistical language acquisition-Computational models-Probabilistic models Some recent models of language acquisition have centered around methods of Bayesian Inference to account for infants' abilities to appropriately parse streams of speech and acquire word meanings. Models of this type rely heavily on the notion o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pradeep Dubey-Selected publications-\"On the Uniqueness of the Shapley Value\" (1975) International Journal of Game Theory Vol. 4, pp. 131\u2013139.\n\"Trade and Prices in a Closed Economy with Exogenous Uncertainty and Different Levels of Information\" (1977) (with M. Shubik) Econometrica Vol. 45, pp. 1657\u20131680.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fault tolerance-Examples-Fault tolerance is notably successful in computer applications. Tandem Computers built their entire business on such machines, which used single-point tolerance to create their NonStop systems with uptimes measured in years.\nFail-safe architectures may encompass also the computer software, fo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Minimal polynomial of 2cos(2pi/n)-Explicit form if n is odd-This means that the \u03a8d(x) are exactly the irreducible factors of \u03c7n(x) , which allows to easily obtain \u03a8d(x) for any odd d , knowing its degree 12\u03c6(d) . For example, 15 10 15 (x)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hack computer-Assembly language-The comp field must be one of the 28 documented mnemonic codes defined in the table above. These codes are considered distinct units; they must be expressed in all-caps with no internal spaces. It is noted that the 6 ALU control bits could potentially specify 64 computational functions;... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ISpot-Function-This system is claimed to discriminate effectively between alternative identifications proposed for the same observation. The reputation system is shown to have improved the accuracy of the determination in 57% of cases studied. In the rest it either improved precision or revealed false precision.The ot... | large_corpus_distillation |
"R800 (CPU)-Hardware changes-Fetching opcodes Additional changes were made in the way the CPU fetches opcodes. The original Z80 uses two cycles to fetch a simple instruction like OR A, plus two cycles for refresh. An additional waitstate is issued on the MSX architecture. A review of the fetch mechanism in a typical MS... | large_corpus_distillation |
the likelihood of erroneously concluding that an observed difference exists when in fact it does not exist (for example, see P-value)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"26 1 \u2022 Prerequisites\nFor the following exercises, consider this scenario: There is a mound of pounds of gravel in a quarry. Throughout the\nday, 400 pounds of gravel is added to the mound. Two orders of 600 pounds are sold and the gravel is removed from the\nmound. At the end of the day, the mound has 1,200 poun... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Computational learning theory-Overview-In addition to performance bounds, computational learning theory studies the time complexity and feasibility of learning. In computational learning theory, a computation is considered feasible if it can be done in polynomial time. There are two kinds of time complexity results: P... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Word list-Languages-The American Heritage Word Frequency Book (Carroll, Davies and Richman, 1971)A corpus of 5 million running words, from written texts used in United States schools (various grades, various subject areas). Its value is in its focus on school teaching materials, and its tagging of words by the frequen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pentium-Pentium-branded processors-aAll models share the following details: 2 cores, 2 logical processors (4 on Pentium 3xx with hyper-threading), CPUID signature 206A7, family 6 (06h), model 42 (02Ah), stepping 7 (07h) bTranslation lookaside buffer (TLB) and cache 64-byte prefetching; data TLB0 2-MB or 4-MB pages, 4-... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Semantic security-Public-key cryptography-Indistinguishability under Chosen Plaintext Attack (IND-CPA) is commonly defined by the following experiment: A random pair (pk,sk) is generated by running Gen(1n) A probabilistic polynomial time-bounded adversary is given the public key pk , which it may use to generate an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multivariate normal distribution-Properties-Geometric interpretation The equidensity contours of a non-singular multivariate normal distribution are ellipsoids (i.e. affine transformations of hyperspheres) centered at the mean. Hence the multivariate normal distribution is an example of the class of elliptical distrib... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extended matching items-Structure-The structure has three key elements: Answer option list Sources suggest using a minimum of eight answer options to a ratio of five scenarios or vignettes to ensure that the probability of getting the correct answer by chance remains reasonably low. The exact number of answer options ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Apple M1-Design-GPU The M1 integrates an Apple designed eight-core (seven in some base models) graphics processing unit (GPU). Each GPU core is split into 16 Execution Units, which each contain eight Arithmetic Logic Units (ALUs). In total, the M1 GPU contains up to 128 Execution units or 1024 ALUs, which Apple says c... | large_corpus_distillation |
original text, so it would be difficult to assign labels to examples for training. Note, however, that these natural summaries can still be used for evaluation purposes, since ROUGE-1 evaluation only considers unigrams." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Graph coloring-Graph coloring-Graph coloring enjoys many practical applications as well as theoretical challenges. Beside the classical types of problems, different limitations can also be set on the graph, or on the way a color is assigned, or even on the color itself. It has even reached popularity with the general ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Graph coloring-Properties-The chromatic number of the plane, where two points are adjacent if they have unit distance, is unknown, although it is one of 5, 6, or 7. Other open problems concerning the chromatic number of graphs include the Hadwiger conjecture stating that every graph with chromatic number k has a compl... | large_corpus_distillation |
program unit, but [for which] a handler is more naturally located in a high-level program unit\". For example, a program might contain several calls to read files, but the action to perform when a file is not found depends on the meaning (purpose) of the file in question to the program and thus a handling routine for t... | large_corpus_distillation |
Subsequent search directions lose conjugacy requiring the search direction to be reset to the steepest descent direction at least every N iterations, or sooner if progress stops. However, resetting every iteration turns the method into steepest descent. The algorithm stops when it finds the minimum, determined when no ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"RISC-V-Design-In the RISC-V vector ISA, rather than fix the vector length in the architecture, instructions (vsetvli, vsetivli, and vsetvl) are available which take a requested size and sets the vector length to the minimum of the hardware limit and the requested size. So, the RISC-V proposal is more like a Cray's lon... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extremal graph theory-Topics and concepts-The regularity lemma is a central result in extremal graph theory, and also has numerous applications in the adjacent fields of additive combinatorics and computational complexity theory. In addition to (Szemer\u00e9di) regularity, closely related notions of graph regularity s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Topswops-Formulation-We now take some k\u22652 . All k values that A[1] takes on, are ordered and can be written as: d1<...<dk . Suppose that the largest value of these values, which is dk , occurs for the first time at position 1 during iteration r of the algorithm. Denote t=A[dk] . During the (r+1) 'th iter... | large_corpus_distillation |
and open-source software shall be run, distributed, sold, or extended for any purpose, and -being open- shall be modified or reversed in the same way.\nFOSS software applications released under a free license may be perpetual and also royalty-free. Perhaps, the owner, the holder or third-party enforcer of any right (co... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Code 128-Specification-Using code set C is only advantageous under the following conditions: At the end of a string, delaying the transition to code set C until there are an even number of digits remaining avoids an extra symbol. Consider the string \"...01234\": a delayed switch produces ... 0 [Code C] 12 34 [checksu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hadamard code-Constructions-On the other hand, when the codeword is restricted to the positions where y1=1 , it is still possible to fully decode x Hence it makes sense to restrict the Hadamard code to these positions, which gives rise to the augmented Hadamard encoding of x ; that is, pHad (x)=(\u27e8x,y\u27e9)y\... | large_corpus_distillation |
"JetPAG-JetPAG grammars-JetPAG's grammars are written in a meta language based on the EBNF form and regular expressions, with extensive additions and tweaks. The meta language of JetPAG grammars was designed to be maximally flexible handle both simple grammars and large, complicated ones easily. Parsers and lexical ana... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Relational data mining-Relational data mining-Relational data mining is the data mining technique for relational databases. Unlike traditional data mining algorithms, which look for patterns in a single table (propositional patterns), relational data mining algorithms look for patterns among multiple tables (relation... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Binary Independence Model-Definitions-\"Independence\" signifies that terms in the document are considered independently from each other and no association between terms is modeled. This assumption is very limiting, but it has been shown that it gives good enough results for many situations. This independence is the \... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Percentile-Calculation methods-Using the nearest-rank method on lists with fewer than 100 distinct values can result in the same value being used for more than one percentile.\nA percentile calculated using the nearest-rank method will always be a member of the original ordered list.\nThe 100th percentile is defined t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fisher kernel-Applications-The Fisher Vector (FV), a special, approximate, and improved case of the general Fisher kernel, is an image representation obtained by pooling local image features. The FV encoding stores the mean and the covariance deviation vectors per component k of the Gaussian-Mixture-Model (GMM) and ea... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Largest empty rectangle-Largest empty rectangle-The problems of this kind arise e.g., in electronic design automation, in design and verification of physical layout of integrated circuits.A maximal empty rectangle is a rectangle which is not contained in another empty rectangle. Each side of a maximal empty rectangle ... | large_corpus_distillation |
the time, given 40 minutes of training data per participant." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reduced instruction set computer-Characteristics and design philosophy-In fact, over the years, RISC instruction sets have grown in size, and today many of them have a larger set of instructions than many CISC CPUs. Some RISC processors such as the PowerPC have instruction sets as large as the CISC IBM System/370, for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Automatic taxonomy construction-Approaches-There are several approaches to ATC. One approach is to use rules to detect patterns in the corpus and use those patterns to infer relations such as hyponymy. Other approaches use machine learning techniques such as Bayesian inferencing and Artificial Neural Networks.\nKeywor... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mobile equipment identifier-Mobile equipment identifier-The MEID was created to replace electronic serial numbers (ESNs), whose virgin form was exhausted in November 2008. As of TIA/EIA/IS-41 Revision D and TIA/EIA/IS-2000 Rev C, the ESN is still a required field in many messages\u2014for compatibility, devices with a... | large_corpus_distillation |
introduced c. Nobody knows why Larry stayed home. \u2013 Indirect questionIn indirect questions, while the interrogative is still fronted to the first position of the clause, the subject is instead placed in second position, and the verb appears in third position, forming a V3 word order.\nIn relative clauses Although ... | large_corpus_distillation |
Multiple iterations might be required to release a product or new features. Working software is the primary measure of progress.A key advantage of agile approaches is speed to market and risk mitigation. Smaller increments are typically released to market, reducing the time and cost risks of engineering a product that ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Degree of polymerization-Degree of polymerization-The degree of polymerization, or DP, is the number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer or oligomer molecule.For a homopolymer, there is only one type of monomeric unit and the number-average degree of polymerization is given by DPn\u2261Xn=MnM0 where Mn i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Weakly chained diagonally dominant matrix-Properties-Moreover, since A is WDD, the above chain of inequalities holds with equality so that |xj|=1 whenever ai1j\u22600 Therefore, |xi2|=1 Repeating this argument with i2 , i3 , etc., we find that ik is not SDD, a contradiction. \u25fb Recalling that an irreducibl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Principal component analysis-Details-PCA is defined as an orthogonal linear transformation that transforms the data to a new coordinate system such that the greatest variance by some scalar projection of the data comes to lie on the first coordinate (called the first principal component), the second greatest variance ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"PhotoRec-Functionality-For example, PhotoRec identifies a JPEG file when a block begins with: Start Of Image + APP0: 0xff, 0xd8, 0xff, 0xe0 Start Of Image + APP1: 0xff, 0xd8, 0xff, 0xe1 or Start Of Image + Comment: 0xff, 0xd8, 0xff, 0xfeIf PhotoRec has already started to recover a file, it stops its recovery, checks t... | large_corpus_distillation |
fortune space is . Sometimes in our analysis we will ignore the states 0 or 1; clearly there is no harm\nin this because in these states, the game is over.\nS\nRecall that the betting function is the function that gives the amount bet as a function of the current fortune. For bold play,\nthe betting function is\nx, 0\u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Minimum k-cut-Approximations-A simple greedy algorithm that achieves this approximation factor computes a minimum cut in each of the connected components and removes the heaviest one. This algorithm requires a total of n \u2212 1 max flow computations. Another algorithm achieving the same guarantee uses the Gomory\u20... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tiger (hash function)-Tiger (hash function)-In cryptography, Tiger is a cryptographic hash function designed by Ross Anderson and Eli Biham in 1995 for efficiency on 64-bit platforms. The size of a Tiger hash value is 192 bits. Truncated versions (known as Tiger/128 and Tiger/160) can be used for compatibility with pr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Assembly language-Language design-Since macros can have 'short' names but expand to several or indeed many lines of code, they can be used to make assembly language programs appear to be far shorter, requiring fewer lines of source code, as with higher level languages. They can also be used to add higher levels of str... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Signed number representations-Base \u22122-The range of numbers that can be represented is asymmetric. If the word has an even number of bits, the magnitude of the largest negative number that can be represented is twice as large as the largest positive number that can be represented, and vice versa if the word has an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ProgramByDesign-Functional Programming, Computing and Design in Programming 101-Along the process dimension students learn that there are six steps to designing a (simple) program, before they can run it and others can use it: Analysing problems with the goal of describing the classes of data that go into the program ... | large_corpus_distillation |
the Soviet satellites, a joke that the liquor's strength could send one into orbit. In the old days on Finnskogen they called the mash Skogens vin (\"Wine of the forest\"), a name used by poorer people without access to distilling equipment. When talking to foreigners, some Norwegians use the term \"something local\" a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matrix norm-\"Entry-wise\" matrix norms-The Frobenius norm is an extension of the Euclidean norm to Kn\u00d7n and comes from the Frobenius inner product on the space of all matrices.\nThe Frobenius norm is sub-multiplicative and is very useful for numerical linear algebra. The sub-multiplicativity of Frobenius norm c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"A5/1-Security-Known-plaintext attacks The first attack on the A5/1 was proposed by Ross Anderson in 1994. Anderson's basic idea was to guess the complete content of the registers R1 and R2 and about half of the register R3. In this way the clocking of all three registers is determined and the second half of R3 can be ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Online machine learning-Statistical view of online learning-If S is instead some convex subspace of Rd , S would need to be projected onto, leading to the modified update rule wt+1=\u03a0S(\u2212\u03b7\u2211i=1tzi)=\u03a0S(\u03b7\u03b8t+1) This algorithm is known as lazy projection, as the vector \u03b8t+1 accumulat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Load-balanced switch-Basic architecture-Each buffer in a load-balanced switch acts as a shared-memory switch, and a load-balanced switch is essentially a way to scale up a shared-memory switch, at the cost of additional latency associated with forwarding packets at rate R/N twice." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Calling convention-Architectures-The return sequence restores the caller's registers.\nRegister 15 is usually used to pass a return value." | large_corpus_distillation |
sophisticated new algorithms HDFS Integration Powerful Machine Learning Toolkits " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lambda calculus-Encoding datatypes-The basic lambda calculus may be used to model booleans, arithmetic, data structures and recursion, as illustrated in the following sub-sections." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Speck (cipher)-Reference code-The following is the designers' reference implementation, written in C, of the Speck variant with a 128-bit block size and key, where key = (K[1], K[0]). It is adapted from their IACR ePrint." | large_corpus_distillation |
"IOS 12-App features-Photos Photos has been completely redesigned with four new tabs, including \"Photos,\" \"For You,\" \"Albums,\" and \"Search.\" The new \"For You\" tab replaces the \"Memories\" tab previously found in iOS 11 and makes sharing recommendations, creates short-length video collages, photo editing sugg... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Plate notation-Example-In this example, we consider Latent Dirichlet allocation, a Bayesian network that models how documents in a corpus are topically related. There are two variables not in any plate; \u03b1 is the parameter of the uniform Dirichlet prior on the per-document topic distributions, and \u03b2 is the pa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Supersingular elliptic curve-Classification-For each positive characteristic there are only a finite number of possible j-invariants of supersingular elliptic curves." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gbcast-Which dynamically reconfigurable state machine replication protocol came first?-If equivalence is formalized using bisimulation, in which any run that one protocol can exhibit is also exhibited by the other, and in which the assumptions made and the conditions for progress are identical, the comparison becomes ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Embedded instrumentation-The Boundary Scan Standard (IEEE 1149.1 JTAG): The Enabling Technology for Embedded Instrumentation-Although it was not referred to as an embedded instrument at the time of its development, the IEEE 1149.1 Boundary Scan Standard can be seen as the first enabling technology for embedded instrum... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tumor marker-Precision and accuracy-The required precision and accuracy for different analytes varies: some analytes give small or moderate changes in concentration or activity, thereby requiring high accuracy and precision to be useful, while others that show large differences between normal and pathological values m... | large_corpus_distillation |
of node A, so we apply the algorithm first to the child BSP tree containing polygons behind A This tree has root node B1. V is behind B1 so first, we apply the algorithm to the child BSP tree containing polygons in front of B1: This tree is just the leaf node D1, so the polygon D1 is rendered." | large_corpus_distillation |
"IBM Z-List of models (reverse chronological order)-The 196's microprocessor is the z196 chip, a 5.2 GHz quad-core out-of-order CISC-based z/Architecture processor. The z196 can have a maximum of 24 processors giving a total of 96 cores, 80 of which are directly available to run operating systems and applications. The ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Min-entropy-Operational interpretation of smoothed min-entropy-For a bipartite quantum state \u03c1AB , we define the maximum overlap with the maximally entangled state as max EF((IA\u2297E)\u03c1AB,|\u03d5+\u27e9\u27e8\u03d5+|)2 where the maximum is over all CPTP operations E and dA is the dimension of subsystem ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Secret sharing using the Chinese remainder theorem-Secret sharing using the CRT-Ultimately, we choose n relatively prime integers m1<m2<...<mn such that S is smaller than the product of any choice of k of these integers, but at the same time is greater than any choice of k-1 of them. Then the shares s1,s2,...,sn are... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Text file-Data storage-Because of their simplicity, text files are commonly used for storage of information. They avoid some of the problems encountered with other file formats, such as endianness, padding bytes, or differences in the number of bytes in a machine word. Further, when data corruption occurs in a text fi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Centering matrix-Definition-The centering matrix of size n is defined as the n-by-n matrix Cn=In\u22121nJn where In is the identity matrix of size n and Jn is an n-by-n matrix of all 1's. For example C1=[0] ,C2=[1001]\u221212[1111]=[12\u221212\u22121212] ,C3=[100010001]\u221213[111111111]=[23\u221213\u221213\u22121... | large_corpus_distillation |
set up the following table to compare the values found in steps 1 and 2.\nx f(x) Conclusion\n0 0\n3 1 Absolute maximum\n2 4\n3 \u22122 Absolute minimum\nFromthetable,wefindthattheabsolutemaximumof f overtheinterval[1,3]is 1 , anditoccursat\n4\nx= 3 . Theabsoluteminimumof f overtheinterval[1,3]is \u22122, anditoccursat ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bluetooth-Specifications and features-Bluetooth 4.0 The Bluetooth SIG completed the Bluetooth Core Specification version 4.0 (called Bluetooth Smart) and has been adopted as of 30 June 2010. It includes Classic Bluetooth, Bluetooth high speed and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocols. Bluetooth high speed is based on W... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Memory protection unit-Overview-The MPU allows the privileged software to define memory regions and assign memory access permission and memory attributes to each of them. Depending on the implementation of the processor, the number of supported memory regions will vary. The MPU on ARMv8-M processors supports up to 16 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Inflection-Regular and irregular inflection-For instance, many languages that feature verb inflection have both regular verbs and irregular verbs. In English, regular verbs form their past tense and past participle with the ending -[e]d. Therefore, verbs like play, arrive and enter are regular, while verbs like sing, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Buffer overflow-Technical description-A buffer overflow occurs when data written to a buffer also corrupts data values in memory addresses adjacent to the destination buffer due to insufficient bounds checking.:\u200a41\u200a This can occur when copying data from one buffer to another without first checking that the d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Diagrammatic reasoning-Logical graph-The diagram on the right is an example of the display form for a conceptual graph. Each box is called a concept node, and each oval is called a relation node. In CGIF, this CG would be represented by the following statement: [Cat Elsie] [Sitting *x] [Mat *y] (agent ?x Elsie) (locat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Session-based testing-Planning-Testers using session-based testing can adjust their testing daily to fit the needs of the project. Charters can be added or dropped over time as tests are executed and/or requirements change." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sparsity matroid-(2,1)-sparse graphs-Theorem. A graph G is (2,1) -tight if and only if G can be obtained from K5 with an edge removed or the 2 -sum of two K4 graphs via a sequence of 0 - and 1 -extensions, vertex-to- K4 , 2 -dimensional vertex-splitting, and edge-joining operations; G is the edge-disjoint unio... | large_corpus_distillation |
"37 (number)-In mathematics-Any multiple of 37 with a three-digit repunit inserted generates another multiple of 37. For example, 30007, 31117, 74, 70004 and 78884 are all multiples of 37." | large_corpus_distillation |
distributions such as Debian, which focus on large, scheduled releases of packages proven to be stable." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Low-rank approximation-Distributed/Streaming low-rank approximation problem-The low-rank approximation problems in the distributed and streaming setting has been considered in." | large_corpus_distillation |
P\u2192(Q\u2227\u00acR\u2227(S\u2228T)) " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Markup language-Markup language-Some markup languages, such as the widely used HTML, have pre-defined presentation semantics, meaning that their specifications prescribe some aspects of how to present the structured data on particular media. HTML, like DocBook, Open eBook, JATS, and many others, is based on the markup... | large_corpus_distillation |
"CPU cache-Cache hierarchy in a modern processor-Smart Cache shares the actual cache memory between the cores of a multi-core processor. In comparison to a dedicated per-core cache, the overall cache miss rate decreases when cores do not require equal parts of the cache space. Consequently, a single core can use the fu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Decision tree learning-Decision tree learning-Decision tree learning is a supervised learning approach used in statistics, data mining and machine learning. In this formalism, a classification or regression decision tree is used as a predictive model to draw conclusions about a set of observations." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Usability testing-Example-Steps 1 and 2 permit designing the user interface to suit the target audience's needs. Tax-preparation software written for accountants might assume that its users know nothing about computers but are experts on the tax code, while such software written for consumers might assume that its use... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mobile security-Challenges of smartphone mobile security-Some mobile device attacks can be prevented. For example, containerization allows the creation of a hardware infrastructure that separates business data from other data. Additionally, network protection detects malicious traffic and rogue access points. Data sec... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Arithmetic zeta function-Definition-The arithmetic zeta function \u03b6X\u2009(s) is defined by an Euler product analogous to the Riemann zeta function: \u03b6X(s)=\u220fx11\u2212N(x)\u2212s, where the product is taken over all closed points x of the scheme X. Equivalently, the product is over all points whose residue... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Keystroke dynamics-Use as biometric data-Common \"errors\" may also be quite characteristic of a user. There is a taxonomy of errors, such as the user's most common \"substitutions\", \"reversals\", \"drop-outs\", \"double-strikes\", \"adjacent letter hits\", \"homonyms\" and hold-length-errors (for a shift key held d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Subject (grammar)-Criteria for identifying subjects-Tom is studying chemistry. - The three criteria agree identifying Tom as the subject.\nIs Tom studying chemistry? - The 1st and the 3rd criteria identify Tom as the subject." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fortran 95 language features-Pointers-A pointer can point to another pointer, and hence to its target, or to a static object that has the TARGET attribute: but they are strongly typed: and, similarly, for arrays the ranks as well as the type must agree.\nA pointer can be a component of a derived type: and we can d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MapReduce-MapReduce-It is inspired by the map and reduce functions commonly used in functional programming, although their purpose in the MapReduce framework is not the same as in their original forms. The key contributions of the MapReduce framework are not the actual map and reduce functions (which, for example, res... | large_corpus_distillation |
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