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"Optimal stopping-Examples-In this example, the sequence ( Xi ) is the sequence of offers for your house, and the sequence of reward functions is how much you will earn.\nSecretary problem (Example where (Xi) is a finite sequence) You are observing a sequence of objects which can be ranked from best to worst. You wish... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Abstract economy-Abstract economy with utility functions-Exchange economy as a special case Definition An exchange economy is a system with N-1 consumers and l homogeneous divisible goods. For each consumer i, there is: A consumption-set Yi (a subset of Rl ). This represents the set of bundles that the agent can co... | large_corpus_distillation |
"CLU (programming language)-Other features-All objects in a CLU program live in the heap, and memory management is automatic.\nCLU supports type-parameterized user-defined data abstractions. It was the first language to offer type-safe bounded parameterized types, using where clauses to express constraints on actual ty... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Commutator-Ring theory-Rings often do not support division. Thus, the commutator of two elements a and b of a ring (or any associative algebra) is defined differently by [a,b]=ab\u2212ba.\nThe commutator is zero if and only if a and b commute. In linear algebra, if two endomorphisms of a space are represented by commu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximal entropy random walk-Examples-A more complex example is the defected one-dimensional cyclic lattice: let say 1000 nodes connected in a ring, for which all nodes but the defects have a self-loop (edge to itself). In standard random walk (GRW) the stationary probability distribution would have defect probability ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"EraMobile-EraMobile-EraMobile -Epidemic-based Reliable and Adaptive Multicast for Mobile ad hoc networks is a bio-inspired reliable multicast protocol targeting mission critical ad hoc networks. EraMobile supports group applications that require high reliability and low overhead with loose delivery time constraints. T... | large_corpus_distillation |
may be used in a hybrid cryptosystem to improve efficiency on long messages." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Network formation-Network formation-Network formation is an aspect of network science that seeks to model how a network evolves by identifying which factors affect its structure and how these mechanisms operate. Network formation hypotheses are tested by using either a dynamic model with an increasing network size or ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"D*-Minimum cost versus current cost-For D*, it is important to distinguish between current and minimum costs. The former is only important at the time of collection and the latter is critical because it sorts the OpenList. The function which returns the minimum cost is always the lowest cost to the current point since... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hermite\u2013Hadamard inequality-Hermite\u2013Hadamard inequality-In mathematics, the Hermite\u2013Hadamard inequality, named after Charles Hermite and Jacques Hadamard and sometimes also called Hadamard's inequality, states that if a function \u0192 : [a, b] \u2192 R is convex, then the following chain of inequalitie... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Monitor (synchronization)-Condition variables-broadcast c, also known as notifyAll c, is a similar operation that wakes up all threads in c's wait-queue. This empties the wait-queue. Generally, when more than one predicate condition is associated with the same condition variable, the application will require broadcast... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Base-orderable matroid-Matroids that are base-orderable-Every partition matroid is strongly base-orderable. Recall that a partition matroid is defined by a finite collection of categories, where each category Ci has a capacity denoted by an integer di with 0\u2264di\u2264|Ci| . A basis of this matroid is a set whic... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic frequency scaling-Performance impact-A related-but-opposite technique is overclocking, whereby processor performance is increased by ramping the processor's (dynamic) frequency beyond the manufacturer's design specifications." | large_corpus_distillation |
given earlier that if the random variables X1,\u2026,XN are uncorrelated, then the variance of their sum is equal to the sum of their variances, or, expressed symbolically: Var Var \u2061(Xi).\nSince independent random variables are always uncorrelated (see Covariance \u00a7 Uncorrelatedness and independence), the equ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sperner's theorem-Proof-There are many proofs of Sperner's theorem, each leading to different generalizations (see Anderson (1987)).\nThe following proof is due to Lubell (1966). Let sk denote the number of k-sets in S. For all 0 \u2264 k \u2264 n, (n\u230an/2\u230b)\u2265(nk) and, thus, sk(n\u230an/2\u230b)\u2264sk(n... | large_corpus_distillation |
and metrics f:R\u00d7S\u2192S (external binary operation) Examples: dynamical system flows, group actions, projection maps, and scalar multiplication f:S\u00d7S\u2192S (binary operation) Examples: addition, multiplication, permutations, and the cross product " | large_corpus_distillation |
"\u221e pn\n\u2211 =\u2212ln(1\u2212p), p\u2208[0,1) (5.41.14)\nn\nn=1\nThe moment results above actually follow from general results for power series distributions. The compound Poisson distribution\nbased on the logarithmic series distribution gives a negative binomial distribution.\nX=(X ,X ,\u2026)\nSuppose that 1 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lexical decision task-The task-Lexical decision tasks are often combined with other experimental techniques, such as priming, in which the subject is 'primed' with a certain stimulus before the actual lexical decision task has to be performed. In this way, it has been shown that subjects are faster to respond to words... | large_corpus_distillation |
"American fuzzy lop (fuzzer)-Fuzzing algorithm-Minimization On the assumption that smaller inputs take less time to execute, AFL attempts to minimize or trim the test cases in the queue. Trimming works by removing blocks from the input; if the trimmed input still results in the same coverage (see #Measuring coverage), ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Digital enhanced cordless telecommunications-Application-The DECT standard originally envisaged three major areas of application: Domestic cordless telephony, using a single base station to connect one or more handsets to the public telecommunications network.\nEnterprise premises cordless PABXs and wireless LANs, usi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data Encryption Standard-Security and cryptanalysis-In 2012, David Hulton and Moxie Marlinspike announced a system with 48 Xilinx Virtex-6 LX240T FPGAs, each FPGA containing 40 fully pipelined DES cores running at 400 MHz, for a total capacity of 768 gigakeys/sec. The system can exhaustively search the entire 56-bit D... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Consensus (computer science)-Some consensus protocols-Each process keeps track of its preferred output (initially equal to the process's own input value). In the first round of each phase each process broadcasts its own preferred value to all other processes. It then receives the values from all processes and determin... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Two-dimensional singular-value decomposition-SVD-Let matrix X=[x1,\u2026,xn] contains the set of 1D vectors which have been centered. In PCA/SVD, we construct covariance matrix F and Gram matrix G F=XXT , G=XTX, and compute their eigenvectors U=[u1,\u2026,un] and V=[v1,\u2026,vn] . Since VVT=I and UUT=I we hav... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Approximate values of the distribution and quantile functions can be obtained from special distribution calculator, and from most\nmathematical and statistical software packages.\nUsing the special distribution calculator, find the median, the first and third quartiles, and the interquartile range in each of the\nfoll... | large_corpus_distillation |
called the integers. The integers are the numbers ...\u22123,\u22122,\u22121,0,1,2,3\u2026\nFigure 1.4.3. All the marked numbers are called integers.\n\uf128 Example 1.4.1\nOrder each of the following pairs of numbers, using < or >:\n1. 14 ___ 6\n2. \u22121 ___ 9\n3. \u22121 ___\u22124\n4. 2 ___\u221220\nSolution:\n1.4... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ZAP File-Restrictions to a .ZAP file-.ZAP Files cannot be Assigned to Computers and must be published to Users. Therefore when a User moves to another computer (even only temporarily) they can install this application on that machine whether the program should be there or not.\nFinally, .ZAP Files do not automatically... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Block cipher mode of operation-Initialization vector (IV)-It is recommended to review relevant IV requirements for the particular block cipher mode in relevant specification, for example SP800-38A.\nFor CBC and CFB, reusing an IV leaks some information about the first block of plaintext, and about any common prefix sh... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic perfect hashing-Details-Dynamic case Dietzfelbinger et al. present a dynamic dictionary algorithm that, when a set of n items is incrementally added to the dictionary, membership queries always run in constant time and therefore O(1) worst-case time, the total storage required is O(n) (linear), and O(1) exp... | large_corpus_distillation |
density function of .\nAnswer\nG(z)=1\u2212 1 , 0<z<\u221e\n1.\n1+z\ng(z)= 1 , 0<z<\u221e\n2.\n(1+z)2\nX a>0 Y\nSuppose that has the exponential distribution with rate parameter , has the exponential distribution with rate\nb>0 X Y Z=X+Y\nparameter , and that and are independent. Find the probability density function o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptographic hash function-Properties-A cryptographic hash function must be able to withstand all known types of cryptanalytic attack. In theoretical cryptography, the security level of a cryptographic hash function has been defined using the following properties: Pre-image resistance Given a hash value h, it should ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Revised simplex method-Numerical example-Consider a linear program where 10 15 ].\nLet B=[A4A5],N=[A1A2A3] initially, which corresponds to a feasible vertex x = [0\u20020\u20020\u200210\u200215]T. At this moment, \u03bb=[00]T,sN=[\u22122\u22123\u22124]T.\nChoose q = 3 as the entering index. Then d = [1\u20023]T, which... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rapport-Studying-To better study how rapport can lead to the above benefits, researchers generally adopt one of three main approaches: self-report surveys given to the participants, third-party observations from a naive observer, and some form of automated computational detection, using computer vision and machine lea... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Holevo's theorem-Statement of the theorem-Let {\u03c11, \u03c12, ..., \u03c1n} be a set of mixed states and let \u03c1X be one of these states drawn according to the probability distribution P = {p1, p2, ..., pn}.\nThen, for any measurement described by POVM elements {EY} and performed on \u03c1=\u2211XpX\u03c1X , th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Filters in topology-Motivation-In contrast to nets, filters (and prefilters) are families of sets and so they have the advantages of sets. For example, if f is surjective then the image := {f\u22121(B):B\u2208B} under f\u22121 of an arbitrary filter or prefilter B is both easily defined and guaranteed to be a pre... | large_corpus_distillation |
Hessian itself. There are thus n\u2212m minors to consider, each evaluated at the specific point being considered as a candidate maximum or minimum. A sufficient condition for a local maximum is that these minors alternate in sign with the smallest one having the sign of (\u22121)m+1." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptic crossword-Types of cryptic clues-Charade Here, the answer is formed by joining individually clued words to make a larger word (namely, the answer).For example: Outlaw leader managing money (7)The answer is BANKING formed by BAN for \"outlaw\" and KING for \"leader\". The definition is \"managing money\". With ... | large_corpus_distillation |
This being said, a mass vs count distinction can exist when a classifier is added." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tsallis entropy-Exponential families-Many common distributions like the normal distribution belongs to the statistical exponential families.\nTsallis entropy for an exponential family can be written as HqT(pF(x;\u03b8))=11\u2212q((eF(q\u03b8)\u2212qF(\u03b8))Ep[e(q\u22121)k(x)]\u22121) where F is log-normalizer and k ... | large_corpus_distillation |
are equal.That is why the sum of squares of the deviations from the sample mean is too small to give an unbiased estimate of the population variance when the average of those squares is found. The smaller the sample size, the larger is the difference between the sample variance and the population variance." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Discounted cumulative gain-Overview-Two assumptions are made in using DCG and its related measures.\nHighly relevant documents are more useful when appearing earlier in a search engine result list (have higher ranks) Highly relevant documents are more useful than marginally relevant documents, which are in turn more u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"INVITE of Death-VoIP Servers (INVITE of Death)-The INVITE of Death vulnerability was found on February 16, 2009. The vulnerability allows the attacker to crash the server causing remote Denial of Service (DoS) by sending a single malformed packet. An impersonator can, using a malformed packet, overflow the specific st... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Partial Area Under the ROC Curve-Partial AUC obtained by applying objective constraints to the region of interest-Defining the RoI based on the cost of misclassifications Most binary classifiers yield misclassifications, which result in some cost.\nThe cost C of misclassifications is defined as C=cFNFN+cFPFP , where ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multivariate normal distribution-Properties-where \u03c3ij is the covariance of Xi and Xj. With the above method one first finds the general case for a kth moment with k different X variables, E[XiXjXkXn] , and then one simplifies this accordingly. For example, for E\u2061[Xi2XkXn] , one lets Xi = Xj and one uses t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Symmetric group-Subgroup structure-The Sylow p-subgroups of the symmetric group of degree p2 are the wreath product of two cyclic groups of order p. For instance, when p = 3, a Sylow 3-subgroup of Sym(9) is generated by a = (1 4 7)(2 5 8)(3 6 9) and the elements x = (1 2 3), y = (4 5 6), z = (7 8 9), and every element... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Coding gain-Example-The table below lists the nominal spectral efficiency, nominal coding gain and effective coding gain at 10 \u22125 for Reed\u2013Muller codes of length 64 " | large_corpus_distillation |
"FLTK-FLTK-Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK, pronounced fulltick) is a cross-platform widget (graphical control element) library for graphical user interfaces (GUIs), developed by Bill Spitzak and others. Made to accommodate 3D graphics programming, it has an interface to OpenGL, but it is also suitable for general GUI program... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Binomial type-Characterization by delta operators-It can be shown that a polynomial sequence { pn(x) : n = 0, 1, 2, \u2026 } is of binomial type if and only if all three of the following conditions hold: The linear transformation on the space of polynomials in x that is characterized byis shift-equivariant, and p0(x) ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound-Statement-The Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao lower bound thus gives e(\u03b8^)\u22641 General scalar case A more general form of the bound can be obtained by considering a biased estimator T(X) , whose expectation is not \u03b8 but a function of this parameter, say, \u03c8(\u03b8) . Hence E{T(X)}\... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Substitution\u2013permutation network-Properties-The reason for confusion is exactly the same as for diffusion: changing one bit of the key changes several of the round keys, and every change in every round key diffuses over all the bits, changing the ciphertext in a very complex manner.\nIf an attacker somehow obtain... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tree measurement-Trees with unusual forms-Not all trees have a single trunk, and others pose additional measurement problems because of their size or configuration. The odd forms include those forms that grew because of unusual circumstances that affected the tree, or those trees that simply have an unusual growth for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Principal component regression-Generalization to kernel settings-PCR in the kernel machine setting can now be implemented by first appropriately centering this kernel matrix (K, say) with respect to the feature space and then performing a kernel PCA on the centered kernel matrix (K', say) whereby an eigendecomposition... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Commitment ordering-CO variants: special cases and generalizations-CO and its variants are transparently interoperable for global serializability With CO and its variants (e.g., SS2PL, SCO, OCO, ECO, and MVCO above) global serializability is achieved via atomic commitment protocol based distributed algorithms. For CO ... | large_corpus_distillation |
Virtual Machine Multi-Queue (d. VMMQ) Persistent Memory support Significant feature and performance improvements to Storage Spaces Direct and Failover Clustering " | large_corpus_distillation |
very gentle cleaning.\nDry cleaning The letters P and F in a circle are for the different solvents used in professional dry cleaning.\nWet cleaning The letter W in a circle is for professional wet cleaning." | large_corpus_distillation |
"HLA-A68-HLA-A68-HLA-A68 (A68) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of \u03b168 subset of HLA-A \u03b1-chains. For A68, the alpha \"A\" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*68 allele group and the \u03b2-chain are encoded by B2M locus. A68 a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bulk bins-Bulk bins-Bulk bins are a way of selling consumables by weight. The product is stored in bins in a section of the retail floor. A customer can measure out an amount of product into a plastic bag, to be later weighed at the point of sale. The product is usually less expensive per unit compared to pre-packaged... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IA-64-History-Intel and HP partnered in 1994 to develop the IA-64 ISA, using a variation of VLIW design concepts which Intel named explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC). Intel's goal was to leverage the expertise HP had developed in their early VLIW work along with their own to develop a volume product line... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tag system-Cyclic tag systems-A cyclic tag system is a modification of the original tag system. The alphabet consists of only two symbols, 0 and 1, and the production rules comprise a list of productions considered sequentially, cycling back to the beginning of the list after considering the \"last\" production on the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Satellite imagery-Disadvantages-Commercial satellite companies do not place their imagery into the public domain and do not sell their imagery; instead, one must acquire a license to use their imagery. Thus, the ability to legally make derivative works from commercial satellite imagery is diminished." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Virtual private network-Security mechanisms-WireGuard is a protocol. In 2020, WireGuard support was added to both the Linux and Android kernels, opening it up to adoption by VPN providers. By default, WireGuard utilizes the Curve25519 protocol for key exchange and ChaCha20-Poly1305 for encryption and message authentic... | large_corpus_distillation |
that the student population will increase by 4%\neach year.\n\u24d0 Write a formula for the student population. \u24d1 Estimate the student population in 2020.\nSolution\n\u24d0\nThe situation can be modeled by a geometric sequence with an initial term of 284. The student population will be\n104% of the prior year, so ... | large_corpus_distillation |
along with further metrics about the performance. The resulting information from both the information system itself and the monitoring thereof is used to produce various displays that address specific use cases." | large_corpus_distillation |
of a miss and a false alarm differ. Therefore, when constructing and applying a fast-and-frugal tree, one needs to choose an exit structure that matches well the decision payoff structure of a task. Third, the overall sensitivity of a fast-and-frugal tree\u2014that is, how well the tree can discriminate a signal from ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"22 (number)-In mathematics-The extended binary Golay code 24 , which is related to Steiner system W24, is constructed as a vector space of F2 from the words: 22 ), and 23 22 x\u00afi+x\u00af\u221e with c\u2208F2 , and e(x\u00af) the quadratic residue code of the binary Golay code 23 (with x\u00af\u221e its parit... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Polyhedron-Alternative usages-Higher-dimensional polyhedra A polyhedron has been defined as a set of points in real affine (or Euclidean) space of any dimension n that has flat sides. It may alternatively be defined as the intersection of finitely many half-spaces. Unlike a conventional polyhedron, it may be bounded o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Zero-knowledge proof-Practical examples-Discrete log of a given value We can apply these ideas to a more realistic cryptography application. Peggy wants to prove to Victor that she knows the discrete log of a given value in a given group.For example, given a value y , a large prime p and a generator g , she wants t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"LLVM-Components-LLVM currently supports compiling of Ada, C, C++, D, Delphi, Fortran, Haskell, Julia, Objective-C, Rust, and Swift using various frontends." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Samsung Galaxy S series-Phones-With Android 4.2.2, current 5.0.2. New features that this model has compared to its predecessor include: an infrared blaster that allows the phone to be a universal remote control a \"Smart Pause\" feature that pauses videos when nobody is looking at the screen a \"Smart Rotation\" feat... | large_corpus_distillation |
family for each value of the shape parameter, it is trivially closed under scale\ntransformations.\nX k\u2208(0,\u221e) b\u2208(0,\u221e) c\u2208(0,\u221e)\nSuppose that has the Weibull distribution with shape parameter and scale parameter . If\nY =cX k bc\nthen has the Weibull distribution with shape parameter and sca... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Birthday attack-Digital signature susceptibility-The probabilities differ slightly from the original birthday problem, as Mallory gains nothing by finding two fair or two fraudulent contracts with the same hash. Mallory's strategy is to generate pairs of one fair and one fraudulent contract. The birthday problem equat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"General linear model-Comparison to generalized linear model-The general linear model and the generalized linear model (GLM) are two commonly used families of statistical methods to relate some number of continuous and/or categorical predictors to a single outcome variable. The main difference between the two approach... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Machine-check exception-Reporting-z/OS In z/OS the installation can either use an ERDS or can define a z/OS System Logger log stream to hold the error data. As with OS/360, the installation uses EREP to print those data; SEREP is no longer available. The MCH is no longer optional, and handles many more failure modes t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Generalized logistic distribution-Definitions-The following definitions are for standardized versions of the families, which can be expanded to the full form as a location-scale family. Each is defined using either the cumulative distribution function (F) or the probability density function (\u0192), and is defined on... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Return-oriented programming-Return-oriented programming-Return-oriented programming (ROP) is a computer security exploit technique that allows an attacker to execute code in the presence of security defenses such as executable space protection and code signing.In this technique, an attacker gains control of the call s... | large_corpus_distillation |
and make it possible to interact with the API using JSON or XML. The alternative would be having to develop a proprietary format which in turn forces developers to learn how to use yet another foreign format." | large_corpus_distillation |
and racism\", the city took steps to ban new SRO unit construction, prevent families from living in SROs, and change building codes and zoning to discourage SROs. In the 1970s, the city introduced tax incentives for landlords to encourage them to convert SROs into regular apartments, a program which from 1976 to 1981 e... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Service statelessness principle-Purpose-In a service composition, a service may need to store activity-specific data in memory while it is waiting for another service to complete its processing. Consequently, in case of service-orientation, an efficient management of service activity related data becomes more importan... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Taxonomy-Taxonomy in various disciplines-Other uses of taxonomy in computing Flynn's taxonomy, a classification for instruction-level parallelism methods Folksonomy, classification based on user's tags Taxonomy for search engines, considered as a tool to improve relevance of search within a vertical domain ACM Computi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ring of polynomial functions-Taylor series expansion-The theorem follows from this. For example, for n\u2009=\u20092, we have: Py2f(x)=\u2202\u2202t1|t1=0Pyf(x+t1y)=\u2202\u2202t1|t1=0\u2202\u2202t2|t2=0f(x+(t1+t2)y)=2!g2(x,y).\nThe general case is similar. \u25fb " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Complex random vector-Proper complex random vectors-A complex random vector Z is called proper if the following three conditions are all satisfied::\u200ap. 293\u200a E\u2061[Z]=0 (zero mean) var var \u2061[Zn]<\u221e (all components have finite variance) E\u2061[ZZT]=0 Two complex random vectors Z,W are called join... | large_corpus_distillation |
"PageRank-Variations-Directed Surfer Model A more intelligent surfer that probabilistically hops from page to page depending on the content of the pages and query terms the surfer is looking for. This model is based on a query-dependent PageRank score of a page which as the name suggests is also a function of query. Wh... | large_corpus_distillation |
Robertson, Paul Seymour, 2004) Strong perfect graph conjecture (Maria Chudnovsky, Neil Robertson, Paul Seymour and Robin Thomas, 2002) Toida's conjecture (Mikhail Muzychuk, Mikhail Klin, and Reinhard P\u00f6schel, 2001) Harary's conjecture on the integral sum number of complete graphs (Zhibo Chen, 1996) Group theory Ha... | large_corpus_distillation |
method selected. For a purchase, there is a debit to\nMerchandise Inventory and total inventory increases.\nThe Cost of Merchandise Sold columns show the detail about the order in which items are withdrawn from inventory for each\nsale. The amounts in these columns will vary based on whether the method is FIFO, LIFO, o... | large_corpus_distillation |
distribution multivariate analysis multivariate kernel density estimation multivariate random variable A vector whose components are random variables on the same probability space.\nmutual exclusivity mutual independence A collection of events is said to be mutually independent if for any subset of the collection, the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Flash memory-Capacity-Consumer flash storage devices typically are advertised with usable sizes expressed as a small integer power of two (2, 4, 8, etc.) and a conventional designation of megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB); e.g., 512 MB, 8 GB. This includes SSDs marketed as hard drive replacements, in accordance with tr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Integer square root-Basic algorithms-Linear search using addition In the program above (linear search, ascending) one can replace multiplication by addition, using the equivalence Algorithm using binary search Linear search sequentially checks every value until it hits the smallest x where x2>y A speed-up is achieve... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mode (music)-Other types-While the term \"mode\" is still most commonly understood to refer to Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, or Locrian modes, in modern music theory the word is often applied to scales other than the diatonic. This is seen, for example, in melodic minor scale harmony, which is... | large_corpus_distillation |
system-independent interface to Unix-like host configuration. It requires some expert knowledge to deal with peculiarities of different operating systems, but has the power to perform maintenance actions across multiple hosts. CFEngine can be used on Windows hosts as well, and is widely used for managing large numbers ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Picture book-Technology and children's books-With the rapid technological changes, children have more options in the reading format. Print books are no longer the only choice; many are now available in digital versions. The usage of digital devices is increasing in the home and the school setting. Comparing digital an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Initial condition-Initial condition-In mathematics and particularly in dynamic systems, an initial condition, in some contexts called a seed value,:\u200app. 160\u200a is a value of an evolving variable at some point in time designated as the initial time (typically denoted t = 0). For a system of order k (the number ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lisp machine-Technical overview-The disassembled machine code for above function (for the Ivory microprocessor from Symbolics): The operating system used virtual memory to provide a large address space. Memory management was done with garbage collection. All code shared a single address space. All data objects were st... | large_corpus_distillation |
entailed in PT. Of course, the hierarchy must be applied to the specific conditions of any target language. This is done using LFG formalisms. When applied to ESL, this results in an array of predictions for developmental schedules in syntax and morphology. For instance, word order is predicted to be initially constrai... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Relevance feedback-Relevance feedback-Relevance feedback is a feature of some information retrieval systems. The idea behind relevance feedback is to take the results that are initially returned from a given query, to gather user feedback, and to use information about whether or not those results are relevant to perfo... | large_corpus_distillation |
=z)\u2223X =x)=\u2211P(z,y)\u03b3 (z)=\u03b3 P(y)\nm \u2223 0 x x\nz\u2208S m=0 z\u2208S\n\u03b3 =\u03b3 Pn n\u2208N y\u2208S j\u2208N\n3. By the invariance in part (b), x x for every . Let . Since the chain is irreducible, there exists\nPj(x,y)>0\nsuch that . Hence\n\u03b3 (y)=\u03b3 Pj(y)\u2265\u03b3 (x)Pj(x,y)=Pj(x,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Endianness-Hardware-Calculation order Some operations in positional number systems have a natural or preferred order in which the elementary steps are to be executed. This order may affect their performance on small-scale byte-addressable processors and microcontrollers. However, high-performance processors usually fe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Discriminant of an algebraic number field-Examples-An integer that occurs as the discriminant of a quadratic number field is called a fundamental discriminant.Cyclotomic fields: let n > 2 be an integer, let \u03b6n be a primitive nth root of unity, and let Kn = Q(\u03b6n) be the nth cyclotomic field. The discriminant ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transformer (machine learning model)-Architecture-The attention calculation for all tokens can be expressed as one large matrix calculation using the softmax function, which is useful for training due to computational matrix operation optimizations that quickly compute matrix operations. The matrices Q , K and V ar... | large_corpus_distillation |
"30 (number)-In science-The atomic number of zinc is 30.\nAstronomy Messier object M30, a magnitude 8.5 globular cluster in the constellation Capricornus The New General Catalogue object NGC 30, a double star in the constellation Pegasus " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximum likelihood sequence estimation-Maximum likelihood sequence estimation-Maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) is a mathematical algorithm to extract useful data out of a noisy data stream." | large_corpus_distillation |
"LOOP (programming language)-Example Programs-Cut-off subtraction If in the 'addition' program above the second loop decrements x0 instead of incrementing, the program computes the difference (cut off at 0) of the variables x1 and x2 x0 := x1LOOP x2 DO x0 := x0 \u2238 1 END Like before we can extend the LOOP syntax w... | large_corpus_distillation |
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