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"Damm algorithm-Strengths and weaknesses-Strengths The Damm algorithm is similar to the Verhoeff algorithm. It too will detect all occurrences of the two most frequently appearing types of transcription errors, namely altering a single digit or transposing two adjacent digits (including the transposition of the trailin... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Business rule mining-Alternative approaches-Alternative approaches to rule mining are manual and automated. A manual approach involves the hand-writing of rules on the basis of subject matter expert interviews and the inspection of source code, job flows, data structures and observed behavior. Manually extracting ru... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Euler's four-square identity-Euler's four-square identity-In mathematics, Euler's four-square identity says that the product of two numbers, each of which is a sum of four squares, is itself a sum of four squares." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chan's algorithm-Algorithm-The idea is to make multiple passes of the algorithm with increasing values of m ; each pass terminates (successfully or unsuccessfully) in log \u2061m) time. If m increases too slowly between passes, the number of iterations may be large; on the other hand, if it rises too quickly, the f... | large_corpus_distillation |
answers. Two of the answers are pointless, two are also correct but score some points and the other two are incorrect (often with a tangential and humorous link to the question). Each pair may offer one answer with no risk of elimination and all four contestants may confer with one another if desired. Any chosen pointl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Internet Protocol-Reliability-The design of the Internet protocol suite adheres to the end-to-end principle, a concept adapted from the CYCLADES project. Under the end-to-end principle, the network infrastructure is considered inherently unreliable at any single network element or transmission medium and is dynamic in... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Poisson distribution-Statistical inference-It can be shown that gamma distribution is the only prior that induces linearity of the conditional mean. Moreover, a converse result exists which states that if the conditional mean is close to a linear function in the L2 distance than the prior distribution of \u03bb must ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Card sorting-Card sorting-Card sorting uses a relatively low-tech approach. The person conducting the test (usability analyst, user experience designer, etc.) first identifies key concepts and writes them on index cards or Post-it notes. Test subjects, individually or sometimes as a group, then arrange the cards to re... | large_corpus_distillation |
uncoordinated checkpointing. In the coordinated checkpointing approach, processes must ensure that their checkpoints are consistent. This is usually achieved by some kind of two-phase commit protocol algorithm. In the uncoordinated checkpointing, each process checkpoints its own state independently. It must be stressed... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Allocation group-Allocation group-Allocation groups are used by these file systems: XFS from SGI, an XFS AG can have a max size of 1TiB Btrfs JFS ext2, ext3 and ext4 use block groups" | large_corpus_distillation |
"Generative adversarial network-Training and evaluating GAN-Vanishing gradient Conversely, if the discriminator learns too fast compared to the generator, then the discriminator could almost perfectly distinguish ref . In such case, the generator G\u03b8 could be stuck with a very high loss no matter which direction ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Spectral theorem-Finite-dimensional case-The matrix representation of A in a basis of eigenvectors is diagonal, and by the construction the proof gives a basis of mutually orthogonal eigenvectors; by choosing them to be unit vectors one obtains an orthonormal basis of eigenvectors. A can be written as a linear combina... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Interaction protocol-Interaction protocol-Within the fields of computer science and robotics, interaction protocols are possible communication scenarios between individual agents in multi-agent systems. Some protocols are described quite qualitatively (for example, many parts of the traffic code), but others have a fo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Galois/Counter Mode-Basic operation-The ciphertext blocks are considered coefficients of a polynomial which is then evaluated at a key-dependent point H, using finite field arithmetic. The result is then encrypted, producing an authentication tag that can be used to verify the integrity of the data. The encrypted text... | large_corpus_distillation |
and Andrew Lanxon of CNET hailed the phones' incremental improvements as a reflection of Google's successful product formula, praising their design and features but criticizing the battery life. Engadget reviewer Sam Rutherford had a more positive experience with battery life, also praising the phones' upgraded designs... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ruzsa\u2013Szemer\u00e9di problem-Equivalence between formulations-What is the maximum possible number of edges in a bipartite graph with n vertices on each side of its bipartition, whose edges can be partitioned into n induced subgraphs that are each matchings? What is the largest possible number of triples of poin... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Prompt engineering-Prompt injection-Types Common types of prompt injection attacks are: jailbreaking, which may include asking the model to roleplay a character, to answer with arguments, or to pretend to be superior to moderation instructions prompt leaking, in which users persuade the model to divulge a pre-prompt w... | large_corpus_distillation |
"BB84-Description-Bob proceeds to generate a string of random bits b\u2032 of the same length as b and then measures the qubits he has received from Alice, obtaining a bit string a\u2032 . At this point, Bob announces publicly that he has received Alice's transmission. Alice then knows she can now safely announce b... | large_corpus_distillation |
a caption quality evaluation administered by the Described and Captioned Media Project, have a website and a YouTube channel where customers can learn more about their services and have agreed to post rates for the range of services that they offer for YouTube content." | large_corpus_distillation |
"MEDCIN-Interface with Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems-MEDCIN has been implemented into several commercial EHR systems as an interface terminology to support integrated care, clinical documentation, health maintenance monitoring and disease management, and the care planning functions of physicians, nurses and al... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rational reciprocity law-Rational reciprocity law-In number theory, a rational reciprocity law is a reciprocity law involving residue symbols that are related by a factor of +1 or \u20131 rather than a general root of unity.\nAs an example, there are rational biquadratic and octic reciprocity laws. Define the symbol (... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Synchronization model-Synchronization model-In configuration management (CM), one has to control (among other things) changes made to software and documentation. This is called revision control, which manages multiple versions of the same unit of information. Although revision control is important to CM, it is not equ... | large_corpus_distillation |
null\n0.01\nhypothesis is typically rejected, but not with as much confidence as it would be if the probability value were below .\n0.05 0.10\nProbability values between and provide weak evidence against the null hypothesis and, by convention, are not\nconsidered low enough to justify rejecting it. Higher probabilities... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Semantic triple-Semantic triple-A semantic triple, or RDF triple or simply triple, is the atomic data entity in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model. As its name indicates, a triple is a set of three entities that codifies a statement about semantic data in the form of subject\u2013predicate\u2013object... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Conc-tree list-Operations-The following is an implementation of an append method that is worst-case O(log n) time and amortized O(1) time: Conc-tree constructed this way never has more than O(log n) Append nodes, and can be converted back to the normalized form (one using only <>, Single and Empty nodes) in O(log n) t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"3.4 \u2022 Composition of Functions 253\nFor the following exercises, use the function values for shown inTable 4to evaluate the expressions.\n11\n9\n7 0\n0 5 1\n1 3 0\n2 1\n3\nTable4\n66. 67. 68.\n69. 70. 71.\nFor the following exercises, use each pair of functions to find and\n72. 73. 74.\n75.\nFor the following exe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fixed-point property-Examples-The open interval does not have the fixed-point property. The mapping f(x) = x2 has no fixed point on the interval (0,1).\nThe closed disc The closed interval is a special case of the closed disc, which in any finite dimension has the fixed-point property by the Brouwer fixed-point theore... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Causative-Athabaskan languages-Hupa Golla, in his (1970) descriptive grammar of Hupa (summarized in Sapir and Golla (2001)), describes three classes of morphologically derived causatives: # causatives from descriptive neuters with \u019a-classifier (176)ni-whon\u2019 'be good, beautiful' \u2192 O ni-(w)-\u019a-whon\u2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reduced instruction set computer-Use of RISC architectures-IBM's PowerPC was used in the GameCube, Wii, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Wii U gaming consoles.\nThe MIPS line (at one point used in many SGI computers) was used in the PlayStation, PlayStation 2, Nintendo 64, PlayStation Portable game consoles, and residentia... | large_corpus_distillation |
"State (computer science)-Program state-Similarly, a computer program stores data in variables, which represent storage locations in the computer's memory. The contents of these memory locations, at any given point in the program's execution, is called the program's state.A more specialized definition of state is used ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximin share-MMS-fair allocation of goods-Multiplicative approximations Procaccia and Wang presented an algorithm that always finds an rn-fraction MMS, where := oddfloor oddfloor odd even where oddfloor(n) is the largest odd integer smaller or equal to n. In particular, r3 = r4 = 3/4, it decreases when n increases, a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Noun phrase-Noun phrase-A noun phrase, or nominal (phrase), is a phrase that has a noun or pronoun as its head or performs the same grammatical function as a noun. Noun phrases are very common cross-linguistically, and they may be the most frequently occurring phrase type.\nNoun phrases often function as verb subjects... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Uncertainty coefficient-Definition-Suppose we have samples of two discrete random variables, X and Y. By constructing the joint distribution, PX,Y(x, y), from which we can calculate the conditional distributions, PX|Y(x|y) = PX,Y(x, y)/PY(y) and PY|X(y|x) = PX,Y(x, y)/PX(x), and calculating the various entropies, we c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Stickelberger's theorem-The Stickelberger element and the Stickelberger ideal-Let Km denote the mth cyclotomic field, i.e. the extension of the rational numbers obtained by adjoining the mth roots of unity to Q (where m \u2265 2 is an integer). It is a Galois extension of Q with Galois group Gm isomorphic to the mul... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh-Websites-Welcome to The 20th Anniversary Macintosh Web Site\u2014the \"Official\" home of the TAM user community. This is the place where 20th Anniversary Macintosh owners can share a wealth of information on this \"insanely great\" product. The TAM (Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh) is ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Overlapping markup-Approaches and implementations-Joins Joins are pointers within a privileged hierarchy to other components of the privileged hierarchy, which may be used to reconstruct a non-privileged component akin to following a linked list. A single non-privileged element is segmented into several partial elemen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sentiment analysis-Types-Subjective and object classifier can enhance the several applications of natural language processing. One of the classifier's primary benefits is that it popularized the practice of data-driven decision-making processes in various industries. According to Liu, the applications of subjective an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"3-subset meet-in-the-middle attack-Example-Attack Preparation In preparation to the attack, weaknesses in the key schedule of KTANTAN that allows the 3-subset MITM attack was identified. Since only two key-bits are used each round, the diffusion of the key per round is small - the safety lies in the number of rounds.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Query likelihood model-Calculating the likelihood-Using Bayes' rule, the probability P of a document d , given a query q can be written as follows: P(d|q)=P(q|d)P(d)P(q) Since the probability of the query P(q) is the same for all documents, this can be ignored. Further, it is typical to assume that the probability... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quantum Byzantine agreement-Byzantine failure and resilience-Failures in an algorithm or protocol can be categorized into three main types: A failure to take another execution step in the algorithm: This is usually referred to as a \"fail stop\" fault.\nA random failure to execute correctly: This is called a \"random ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Regular grammar-Strictly regular grammars-Rules of both kinds must not be mixed; for example, the grammar with rule set { S\u2192aT, T\u2192Sb, S\u2192\u03b5 } is not regular, and describes the language {aibi:i\u2208N} , which is not regular, either.\nSome textbooks and articles disallow empty production rules, and a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"OWASP-Publications and resources-OWASP Top Ten: The \"Top Ten\", first published in 2003, is regularly updated. It aims to raise awareness about application security by identifying some of the most critical risks facing organizations. Many standards, books, tools, and many organizations reference the Top 10 project, i... | large_corpus_distillation |
systems map physical memory, kernel processes, and other running user space processes into the address space of every process, Meltdown effectively makes it possible for a rogue process to read any physical, kernel or other processes' mapped memory \u2013 regardless of whether it should be able to do so. Defenses again... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Does not compute-History and usage-Perhaps the most famous use of the phrase is in the television series Lost in Space where the robot often says, \"It does not compute!\", to which Dr Smith would give a reply of \"What do you mean it doesn't compute, you ninny?!\" or something to that effect. However, the robot did n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transient execution CPU vulnerability-Vulnerabilities and mitigations summary-Notes 1.^ Stepping 5 of the 2nd Generation Intel\u00ae Xeon\u00ae Scalable Processors based on Cascade Lake microarchitecture is affected by both MSBDS and MLPDS." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Darkforest-Style of play-Darkforest uses a neural network to sort through the 10100 board positions, and find the most powerful next move. However, neural networks alone cannot match the level of good amateur players or the best search-based Go engines, and so Darkfores2 combines the neural network approach with a sea... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Vaporware-Causes and use-A product missing its announced release date, and the labeling of it as vaporware by the press, can be caused by its development taking longer than planned. Most software products are not released on time, according to researchers in 2001 who studied the causes and effects of vaporware; \"I ha... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Partial sorting-Partial sorting-In terms of indices, in a partially sorted list, for every index i from 1 to k, the i-th element is in the same place as it would be in the fully sorted list: element i of the partially sorted list contains order statistic i of the input list." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Distributional semantics-Applications-Distributional semantic models have been applied successfully to the following tasks: finding semantic similarity between words and multi-word expressions; word clustering based on semantic similarity; automatic creation of thesauri and bilingual dictionaries; word sense disambigu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shape-Equivalence of shapes-One way of modeling non-rigid movements is by homeomorphisms. Roughly speaking, a homeomorphism is a continuous stretching and bending of an object into a new shape. Thus, a square and a circle are homeomorphic to each other, but a sphere and a donut are not. An often-repeated mathematical ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Upper ontology-Available upper ontologies-Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) The Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) framework developed by Barry Smith and his associates consists of a series of sub-ontologies at different levels of granularity. The ontologies are divided into two varieties: relating to continuant entities such as t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Group of Lie type-Suzuki\u2013Ree groups-The Suzuki groups are the only finite non-abelian simple groups with order not divisible by 3. They have order 22(2n+1)(22(2n+1) + 1)(2(2n+1) \u2212 1)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Student's t-distribution-How the t-distribution arises (characterization)-Thus for inference purposes the t-statistic is a useful \"pivotal quantity\" in the case when the mean and variance (\u03bc,\u03c32) are unknown population parameters, in the sense that the t-statistic has then a probability distribution that d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Instruction window-Instruction window-The instruction window has a finite size, and new instructions can enter the window (usually called dispatch or allocate) only when other instructions leave the window (usually called retire or commit). Instructions enter and leave the instruction window in program order, and an i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data-independent acquisition-Broadband-One of the first DIA approaches was a nozzle-skimmer dissociation method called shotgun collision-induced dissociation (CID). Fragmentation can be in the ion source of the mass spectrometer by increasing the nozzle-skimmer voltage in electrospray ionization.\nMSE is a broadband D... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Trapdoor function-Definition-Given input k, there also exists a PPT algorithm that outputs x \u2208 Dk. That is, each Dk can be efficiently sampled.\nFor any k \u2208 K, there exists a PPT algorithm that correctly computes fk.\nFor any k \u2208 K, there exists a PPT algorithm A s.t. for any x \u2208 Dk, let y = A ( k,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Symmetric matrix-Properties-If A and B are n\u00d7n real symmetric matrices that commute, then they can be simultaneously diagonalized: there exists a basis of Rn such that every element of the basis is an eigenvector for both A and B Every real symmetric matrix is Hermitian, and therefore all its eigenvalues ar... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Luhn algorithm-Description-Example for computing check digit Assume an example of an account number 7992739871 (just the \"payload\", check digit not yet included): The sum of the resulting digits is 67.\nThe check digit is equal to 10 67 mod 10 )=3 This makes the full account number read 79927398713.\nExample for va... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Write Anywhere File Layout-Design-WAFL stores metadata, as well as data, in files; metadata, such as inodes and block maps indicating which blocks in the volume are allocated, are not stored in fixed locations in the file system. The top-level file in a volume is the inode file, which contains the inodes for all other... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Eigendecomposition of a matrix-Additional topics-Generalized eigenvalue problem A generalized eigenvalue problem (second sense) is the problem of finding a (nonzero) vector v that obeys Av=\u03bbBv where A and B are matrices. If v obeys this equation, with some \u03bb, then we call v the generalized eigenvector of A a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Common Berthing Mechanism-Operations-See the Operations Gallery for more graphics. See the Missions Table for individual berthing events." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matroid oracle-Types of oracles-An independence oracle takes as its input a set of matroid elements, and returns as output a Boolean value, true if the given set is independent and false otherwise. It may be implemented easily based on the underlying structure from which the matroid was defined for graphic matroids, t... | large_corpus_distillation |
performance improvement in thread creation time and context switches. However, there are difficulties in implementing a user level thread scheduler that works well together with the kernel." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cephalic index in cats and dogs-Cephalic index in cats and dogs-The cephalic index of a vertebrate is the ratio between the width (side to side) and length (front to back) of its cranium (skull). This ratio does not concern the muzzle or face, and thus is distinct from the craniofacial ratio, which compares the size o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Document Object Model-DOM tree structure-Elements as Nodes Elements in an HTML or XML document are represented as nodes in the DOM tree. Each element node has a tag name, attributes, and can contain other element nodes or text nodes as children. For example, an HTML document with the following structure:will be repres... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MorphThing-Morphing-In order to morph the user, you can browse through the library of photos and select up to four images, then click morph and wait for your final image. This usually takes 1\u20135 seconds. You can also morph a recently morphed image with other images by simply clicking \"Morph this Image\". Clicking... | large_corpus_distillation |
(tlag). Testing should be conducted at several different doses, especially when the drug displays non-linear pharmacokinetics." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Discrete Chebyshev polynomials-Advanced Definition-Let f be a smooth function defined on the closed interval [\u22121, 1], whose values are known explicitly only at points xk := \u22121 + (2k \u2212 1)/m, where k and m are integers and 1 \u2264 k \u2264 m. The task is to approximate f as a polynomial of degree n < m. ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quadratic integer-Explicit representation-Here and in the following, the quadratic integers that are considered belong to a quadratic field Q(D), where D is a square-free integer. This does not restrict the generality, as the equality \u221aa2D = a\u200a\u221aD (for any positive integer a) implies Q(D)=Q(a2D)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"HiperDispatch-HiperDispatch-HiperDispatch helps address the problem through a combination of hardware features, z/OS dispatching, and the z/OS Workload Manager. In z/OS there may be tasks waiting for processing attention, such as transaction programs. Each task requires frequent access to memory. In a large SMP design... | large_corpus_distillation |
2012, a study of 2.5 million articles suggested that gender bias in news coverage depends on topic and how the readability of newspaper articles is related to topic. A separate study by the same researchers, covering 1.3 million articles from 27 countries, showed macroscopic patterns in the choice of stories to cover. ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Envy minimization-Envy minimization-Ideally, from a fairness perspective, one would like to find an envy-free item allocation - an allocation in which no agent envies another agent. That is: no agent prefers the bundle allocated to another agent. However, with indivisible items this might be impossible. One approach f... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sparse distributed memory-Applications-Consider a memory with N locations where N=2n . Let each location have the capacity for one n-bit word (e.g. N= 2100 100-bit words), and let the address decoding be done by N address decoder neurons. Set the threshold of each neuron x to its maximum weighted sum |x| and use a c... | large_corpus_distillation |
or its treatment in a way that resembles human physiology as needed. Although biological activity in a model organism does not ensure an effect in humans, many drugs, treatments and cures for human diseases are developed in part with the guidance of animal models.There are three main types of disease models: homologous... | large_corpus_distillation |
"3-D Secure-Description and basic aspects-A transaction using Verified by Visa or SecureCode will initiate a redirection to the website of the card issuer to authorize the transaction. Each issuer could use any kind of authentication method (the protocol does not cover this) but typically, a password tied to the card i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Covert channel-Characteristics-A covert channel is so called because it is hidden from the access control mechanisms of secure operating systems since it does not use the legitimate data transfer mechanisms of the computer system (typically, read and write), and therefore cannot be detected or controlled by the securi... | large_corpus_distillation |
would give us an unbiased estimator of . This constant turns out to be , leading\nto the standard sample variance:\n1 n\nS2= \u2211(X \u2212M)2 (6.5.24)\nn\u22121 i\ni=1\nE(S2)=\u03c32\n.\nProof\nBy expanding (as was shown in the last section),\nn n\n\u2211(X \u2212M)2=\u2211X2\u2212nM2 (6.5.25)\ni i\ni=1 i=1\nE(M)=\u0... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quasi-arithmetic mean-Generalizations-Consider a Legendre-type strictly convex function F . Then the gradient map \u2207F is globally invertible and the weighted multivariate quasi-arithmetic mean is defined by M\u2207F(\u03b81,\u2026,\u03b8n;w)=\u2207F\u22121(\u2211i=1nwi\u2207F(\u03b8i)) , where w is a normalized... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic convex hull-Planar point set-In a number of applications finding the convex hull is a step in an algorithm for the solution of the overall problem. The selected representation of the convex hull may influence on the computational complexity of further operations of the overall algorithm. For example, the point... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Geometric distribution-Properties-Moments and cumulants The expected value for the number of independent trials to get the first success, and the variance of a geometrically distributed random variable X is: var \u2061(X)=1\u2212pp2.\nSimilarly, the expected value and variance of the geometrically distributed random v... | large_corpus_distillation |
"One-instruction set computer-Machine architecture-Toga computer Another machine, called the Toga Computer, inverts a bit and passes the execution conditionally depending on the result of inversion. The unique instruction is TOGA(a,b) which stands for TOGgle a And branch to b if the result of the toggle operation is tr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Allometry-In characteristics of a city-Arguing that there are a number of analogous concepts and mechanisms between cities and biological entities, Bettencourt et al. showed a number of scaling relationships between observable properties of a city and the city size. GDP, \"supercreative\" employment, number of invento... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Optimizing compiler-List of static code analyses-Alias analysis Pointer analysis Shape analysis Escape analysis Array-access analysis Dependence analysis Control-flow analysis Data-flow analysis Use-define chain analysis Live-variable analysis Available expression analysis " | large_corpus_distillation |
of possibilities, but is too broad to be useful. For example, if one were asked to estimate the percentage of people who like candy, it would clearly be correct that the number falls between zero and one hundred percent. Such an estimate would provide no guidance, however, to somebody who is trying to determine how man... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Microkernel-Security-The security benefits of microkernels have been frequently discussed. In the context of security the minimality principle of microkernels is, some have argued, a direct consequence of the principle of least privilege, according to which all code should have only the privileges needed to provide re... | large_corpus_distillation |
"WordNet-Applications-A common use of WordNet is to determine the similarity between words. Various algorithms have been proposed, including measuring the distance among words and synsets in WordNet's graph structure, such as by counting the number of edges among synsets. The intuition is that the closer two words or s... | large_corpus_distillation |
bounces off of the back wall and comes to rest after barely touching it. Early experiments conducted on the subject of dice control had inconclusive results. In a more sophisticated study published in 2020, a purpose-built dice-throwing machine failed to achieve any significant advantages under several scenarios, casti... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Negligible set-Examples-Let X be the set N of natural numbers, and let a subset of N be negligible if it is finite.\nThen the negligible sets form an ideal.\nThis idea can be applied to any infinite set; but if applied to a finite set, every subset will be negligible, which is not a very useful notion.\nOr let X be an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"NILFS-Features-Quick crash recovery on-mount Read-ahead for meta data files as well as data files Block sizes smaller than page size (e.g. 1KB or 2KB) Online resizing (since Linux-3.x and nilfs-utils 2.1) Related utilities (by contribution of Jiro SEKIBA) grub2 util-linux (blkid, libblkid, uuid mount) udisks, palimpse... | large_corpus_distillation |
"True\ntrue\nTrue True True\nTrue False True\nFalse True True\nFalse False False\ndays = 21 is_damaged False\nif (days < 30) or is_damaged:\n# Process refund\nage\nif (age < 12) or (age > 65):\n# Apply student/senior discount\nage >= 12\nage <= 65\n(age >= 12) (age <= 65)\na = 9 b = 10\nif (a%2 == 0 and b%2 == 1) or (a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Template metaprogramming-Static polymorphism-However, in many cases the polymorphic behaviour needed is invariant and can be determined at compile time. Then the Curiously Recurring Template Pattern (CRTP) can be used to achieve static polymorphism, which is an imitation of polymorphism in programming code but which i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Conformal prediction-Theory-Training algorithm: Split the training data into proper training set and calibration set Train the underlying ML model using the proper training set Predict the examples from the calibration set using the derived ML model \u2192 \u0177-values Optional: if using a normalized nonconformity fu... | large_corpus_distillation |
a register from all outputs. In all cases, if the rules are followed, the circuit will have the same functional behavior as it did before retiming." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Wiki-Implementations-Wiki software is a type of collaborative software that runs a wiki system, allowing web pages to be created and edited using a common web browser. It may be implemented as a series of scripts behind an existing web server or as a standalone application server that runs on one or more web servers. ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Computer security-Computer protection (countermeasures)-Vulnerabilities can be discovered with a vulnerability scanner, which analyzes a computer system in search of known vulnerabilities, such as open ports, insecure software configuration, and susceptibility to malware. In order for these tools to be effective, they... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Generalized suffix array-Solving the Pattern Matching Problem-Generalized suffix arrays can be used to solve the pattern matching problem: Given a pattern P and a text T , find all occurrences of P in T Using the generalized suffix array G of T , then first, the suffixes that have P as a prefix need to be found... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Difference due to memory-Functional sensitivity-False memories In an elegant report by Gonsalves and Paller (2000), the Dm effect was found to be greater for false memories compared to correctly classified memories. In the study phase of this subsequent memory paradigm, participants saw a word which was followed eithe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"BQP-Relationship to other complexity classes-BQP contains P and BPP and is contained in AWPP, PP and PSPACE." | large_corpus_distillation |
"M8 (cipher)-M8 (cipher)-The cipher features a variable number of rounds (any positive integer N), each of which has a structure determined by a round-specific \"algorithm decision key\". Making the rounds key-dependent is intended to make cryptanalysis more difficult (see FROG for a similar design philosophy)." | large_corpus_distillation |
polyalphabetic substitution ciphers and letter transposition ciphers designed for pen and paper encryption are easy to crack. It is possible to create a secure pen and paper cipher based on a one-time pad though, but the usual disadvantages of one-time pads apply." | large_corpus_distillation |
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