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Data security
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device uses biometric technology prevent malicious users logging logging changing privilege levels.current state user device read controllers peripheral devices hard disks.illegal access malicious user malicious program interrupted based current state user hard disk dvd controllers making illegal access data impossible.hardwarebased access control secure protection provided operating systems operating systems vulnerable malicious attacks viruses hackers.data hard disks corrupted malicious access obtained.
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Data security
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hardwarebased protection software cannot manipulate user privilege levels.impossible hacker malicious program gain access secure data protected hardware perform unauthorized privileged operations.assumption broken hardware malicious contains backdoor.hardware protects operating system image file system privileges tampered.therefore completely secure system created using combination hardwarebased security secure system administration policies.
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Data security
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backups backups used ensure data lost recovered another source.considered essential keep backup data industries process recommended files importance user.data masking data masking structured data process obscuring masking specific data within database table cell ensure data security maintained sensitive information exposed unauthorized personnel.may include masking data users example banking customer representatives see last digits customers national identity number developers need real production data test new software releases able see sensitive financial data outsourcing vendors etc.data erasure data erasure method software based overwriting completely wipes electronic data residing hard drive digital media ensure sensitive data lost asset retired reused.
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Data security
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international laws standards international laws uk data protection act used ensure personal data accessible concerns provides redress individuals inaccuracies.particularly important ensure individuals treated fairly example credit checking purposes.data protection act states individuals companies legitimate lawful reasons process personal information cannot shared.data privacy day international holiday started council europe occurs every january .since general data protection regulation gdpr european union eu became law may organizations may face significant penalties € million annual revenue comply regulation.
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Data security
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intended gdpr force organizations understand data privacy risks take appropriate measures reduce risk unauthorized disclosure consumers’ private information.international standards international standards isoiec isoiec covers data security topic information security one cardinal principles stored information i.e.data owned clear whose responsibility protect control access data.following examples organizations help strengthen standardize computing securitythe trusted computing group organization helps standardize computing security technologies.the payment card industry data security standard pci dss proprietary international information security standard organizations handle cardholder information major debit credit prepaid epurse automated teller machines point sale cards.the general data protection regulation gdpr proposed european commission strengthen unify data protection individuals within european union eu whilst addressing export personal data outside eu.see also notes references external links getting ready new data laws local gov magazineeu general data protection regulation gdprcountering ransomware attacks
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Data center security
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data center houses enterprise applications data hence providing proper security system critical.denial service dos theft confidential information data alteration data loss common security problems afflicting data center environments.overview according cost data breach survey u.s. companies different industry sectors participated noticed companies say negligence primary cause data breachesmalicious criminal attacks account percent total breaches.the average cost breach .million.need secure data center physical security needed protect value hardware therein.
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Data center security
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data protection cost breach security severe consequences company managing data center customers whose data copied.breach global payments processing vendor visa .million credit card numbers stolen highlights risks storing managing valuable confidential data.result global payments partnership visa terminated estimated lost million.insider attacks defenses exploitable software vulnerabilities often built assumption insiders trusted.
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Data center security
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studies show internal attacks tend damaging variety amount information available inside organizations.vulnerabilities common attacks quantity data stored data centers increased partly due concentrations created cloudcomputing threats common threats data centersdos denial servicedata theft alterationunauthorized use computing resourcesidentity theft vulnerabilities common vulnerabilities includeimplementation software design protocol flaws coding errors incomplete testingconfiguration use defaults elements inappropriately configured exploitation outofdate software many worm attacks data centers exploited wellknown vulnerabilitiescoderednimda andsql slammer exploitation software defaults many systems shipped default accounts passwords exploited unauthorized access theft information.common attacks common attacks includescanning probing one example probe scanbased attack port scan whereby requests range server port addresses host used find active port cause harm via known vulnerability service.. reconnaissance activity often precedes attack goal gain access discovering information system network.dos denial service denialofservice attack occurs legitimate users unable access information systems devices network resources due actions malicious cyber threat actor.type attack generates large volume data deliberately consume limited resources bandwidth cpu cycles memory blocks.distributed denial service ddos kind attack particular case dos large number systems compromised used source traffic synchronized attack.kind attack hacker use one ip address thousands them.
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Data center security
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unauthorized access someone account owner uses privileges associated compromised account access restricted resources using valid account backdoor.eavesdropping etymologically eavesdropping means secretly listen conversation.networking field unauthorized interception information usernames passwords travels network.user logons common signals sought.viruses worms malicious code executed produce undesired results.worms selfreplicating malware whereas viruses also replicate need kind human action cause damage.internet infrastructure attacks kind attack targets critical components internet infrastructure rather individual systems networks.trust exploitation attacks exploit trust relationships computer systems communicate.session hijacking also known cookie hijacking consists stealing legitimate session established target trusted host.attacker intercepts session makes target believe communicating trusted host.buffer overflow attacks program allocates memory buffer space beyond reserved results memory corruption affecting data stored memory areas overflowed.layer attacks type attack exploit vulnerabilities data link layer protocols implementations layer switching platforms.sql injection also known code injection input dataentry forms due incomplete data validation allows entering harmful input causes harmful instructions executed.
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Data center security
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network security infrastructure network security infrastructure includes security tools used data centers enforce security policies.tools include packetfiltering technologies acls firewalls intrusion detection systems idss networkbased hostbased.acls access control list acls filtering mechanisms explicitly defined based packet header information permit deny traffic specific interfaces.acls used multiple locations within data center internet edge intranet server farm.following describes standard extended access listsstandard acls simplest type acl filtering traffic solely based source ip addresses.
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Data center security
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standard acls typically deployed control access network devices network management remote access.example one configure standard acl router specify systems allowed telnet it.standard acls recommended option traffic filtering due lack granularity.standard aclss configured number cisco routers.extended acls extended acl filtering decisions based source destination ip addresses layer protocols layer ports icmp message type code type service precedence.cisco routers one define extended acls name number range.
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Data center security
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firewalls firewall sophisticated filtering device separates lan segments giving segment different security level establishing security perimeter controls traffic flow segments.firewalls commonly deployed internet edge act boundary internal networks.expected following characteristics performance main goal firewall separate secured unsecured areas network.firewalls post primary traffic path potentially exposed large volumes data.hence performance becomes natural design factor ensure firewall meets particular requirements.application support another important aspect ability firewall control protect particular application protocol telnet ftp http.
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Data center security
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firewall expected understand applicationlevel packet exchanges determine whether packets follow application behavior deny traffic.there different types firewalls based packetprocessing capabilities awareness applicationlevel informationpacketfiltering firewallsproxy firewallsstateful firewallshybrid firewalls idss idss realtime systems detect intruders suspicious activities report monitoring system.configured block mitigate intrusions progress eventually immunize systems future attacks.two fundamental componentssensors appliances software agents analyze traffic network resource usage end systems identify intrusions suspicious activities.ids management single multidevice system used configure administer sensors additionally collect alarm information generated sensors.sensors equivalent surveillance tools ids management control center watching information produced surveillance tools.layer security cisco layer switches provide tools prevent common layer attacks scanning probing dos ddos etc.. following security features covered layer securityport securityarp inspectionprivate vlansprivate vlans firewalls security measures process securing data center requires comprehensive systemanalysis approach ongoing process improves security levels data center evolves.
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Data center security
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data center constantly evolving new applications services become available.attacks becoming sophisticated frequent.trends require steady evaluation security readiness.a key component securityreadiness evaluation policies govern application security network including data center.application includes design best practices implementation details.result security often considered key component main infrastructure requirement.
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Data center security
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since key responsibility data centers make sure availability services data center management systems often consider security affects traffic flows failures scalability.due fact security measures may vary depending data center design use unique features compliance requirements companys business goals set specific measures cover possible scenarios.there exist general two types data center security physical security virtual security.physical security physical security data center set protocol builtin within data center facilities order prevent physical damage machines storing data.protocols able handle everything ranging natural disasters corporate espionage terrorist attacks.to prevent physical attacks data centers use techniques ascctv security network locations access points day video retention.×onsite security guardsnetwork operations center noc services technical teamantitailgatingantipassback turnstile gate.permits one person pass authentication.single entry point colocation facility.minimization traffic dedicated data halls suites cages.further access restriction private cagesthreefactor authenticationssae compliant facilities.checking provenance design hardware usereducing insider risk monitoring activities keeping credentials safemonitoring temperature humidityfire prevention zoned drypipe sprinklernatural disaster riskfree locations virtual security virtual security security measures put place data centers prevent remote unauthorized access affect integrity availability confidentiality data stored servers.virtual network security hard task handle exist many ways could attacked.
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WebID
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worst part evolving years years.instance attacker could decide use malware similar exploits order bypass various firewalls access data.old systems may well put security risk contain modern methods data security.virtual attacks prevented techniques asheavy data encryption transfer bit ssl encryption web applications.bit rsa public keys data transfers.aes bit encryption files databases.logs auditing activities users.secured usernames passwords encrypted via bit ssl requirements complex passwords set scheduled expirations prevention password reuse.access based level clearance.adldap integration.control based ip addresses.encryption session id cookies order identify unique user.twofactor authentication availability.third party penetration testing performed annuallymalware prevention firewalls automated scanner referenceswebid specifications define set editors drafts prepare process standardization identity identification authentication httpbased networks.webidbased protocols solid oidc webidtls webidtlsdelegation offer new way log internet services.instead using password example member refers another web address vouch it.webid specific service product.technically speaking webid http uri denotes refers names agent http based network web enterprise intranet.line linked data principles webid dereferenced looked resolves profile document webidprofile describes referent denotes.
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WebID
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profile document consists rdf model based structured data originally constructed primarily using terms foaf vocabulary often including terms vocabularies.profile documents stored agents web server access thereto may partially wholly constrained specific agent identities via use access controls preserve privacy profile documents subject.protocols webidtls webidtls protocol formerly known foafssl decentralized secure authentication protocol built upon profile information well transport layer security tls client certificates available virtually modern web browsers.first presented wc workshop future social networking .unlike usual ssl usage patterns webidtls require dedicated certificate authority perform user authorization.users easily mint useful identities using tls certificate even selfsigned ones.
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WebID
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using tls client certificates web site user authentication doesnt usually require user input password unlike many single signon mechanisms make webidtls quite convenient.however client certificate selection dialogues popular web browsers yet userfriendly might negating convenience.a web trust based webidtls could gradually constructed connecting users activities world wide web without formal key signing parties making identification harder anyone even original issuing authority falsify.webidoidc webidoidc authentication delegation protocol used solid.based decentralized oauthopenid connect.superseded solid oidc solid oidc solid oidc authentication delegation protocol used solid.
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Cross-origin resource sharing
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based oauthopenid connect.webidtlsdelegation webidtlsdelegation extends webidtls behalf headers relationships enabling one agent act permissionsprivileges another agent.see also authorizationindieauthopenidopenid connect oidcwebfinger references external links official websitecertain crossdomain requests notably ajax requests forbidden default sameorigin security policy.cors defines way browser server interact determine whether safe allow crossorigin request.allows freedom functionality purely sameorigin requests secure simply allowing crossorigin requests.the specification cors included part whatwgs fetch living standard.specification describes cors currently implemented browsers.earlier specification published wc recommendation.
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Cross-origin resource sharing
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technical overview ajax http request methods modify data usually http methods get post usage certain mime types specification mandates browsers preflight request soliciting supported methods server http options request method upon approval server sending actual request actual http request method.servers also notify clients whether credentials including cookies http authentication data sent requests.simple example suppose user visits http page attempts crossorigin request fetch users data httpservice.example.com.corscompatible browser attempt make crossorigin request service.example.com follows.the browser sends get request extra origin http header service.example.com containing domain served parent pageorigin http server service.example.com may respond withthe requested data along accesscontrolalloworigin acao header response indicating requests origin allowed.example case accesscontrolalloworigin http requested data along accesscontrolalloworigin acao header wildcard indicating requests domains allowed accesscontrolalloworigin error page server allow crossorigin requesta wildcard sameorigin policy appropriate page api response considered completely public content intended accessible everyone including code site.
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Cross-origin resource sharing
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freely available web font public hosting service like google fonts example.a wildcard sameorigin policy also widely appropriately used objectcapability model pages unguessable urls meant accessible anyone knows secret.the value special allow requests supply credentials meaning allow http authentication clientside ssl certificates cookies sent crossdomain request.note cors architecture accesscontrolalloworigin header set external web service service.example.com original web application server service.example.com uses cors permit browser authorize make requests service.example.com.if site specifies header accesscontrolallowcredentialstrue thirdparty sites may able carry privileged actions retrieve sensitive information.even attackers may able bypass ipbased access controls proxying users browsers.preflight example performing certain types crossdomain ajax requests modern browsers support cors initiate extra preflight request determine whether permission perform action.crossorigin requests preflighted way may implications user data.options host service.example.comorigin http putif service.example.com willing accept action may respond following headersaccesscontrolalloworigin http put deletethe browser make actual request.service.example.com accept crosssite requests origin respond error options request browser make actual request.
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Cross-origin resource sharing
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headers http headers relate cors request headers originaccesscontrolrequestmethodaccesscontrolrequestheaders response headers accesscontrolalloworiginaccesscontrolallowcredentialsaccesscontrolexposeheadersaccesscontrolmaxageaccesscontrolallowmethodsaccesscontrolallowheaders browser support cors supported browsers based following layout enginesblink chromiumbased browsers chrome opera amazon silk androids .webview qts webenginegecko .. firefox .seamonkey .above.mshtmltrident .internet explorer native support.
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Cross-origin resource sharing
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mshtmltrident ..internet explorer provide partial support via xdomainrequest object.prestobased browsers opera implement cors opera .opera mobile opera mini.webkit initial revision uncertain safari google chrome possibly earlier.microsoft edge versions.history crossorigin support originally proposed matt oshry brad porter michael bodell tellme networks march inclusion voicexml .
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Cross-origin resource sharing
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allow safe crossorigin data requests voicexml browsers.mechanism deemed general nature specific voicexml subsequently separated implementation note.webapps working group wc participation major browser vendors began formalize note wc working draft track toward formal wc recommendation status.in may first wc working draft submitted.march draft renamed crossorigin resource sharing january accepted wc recommendation.cors vs jsonp cors used modern alternative jsonp pattern.
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Card security code
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benefits cors arewhile jsonp supports get request method cors also supports types http requests.cors enables web programmer use regular xmlhttprequest supports better error handling jsonp.while jsonp cause crosssite scripting xss issues external site compromised cors allows websites manually parse responses increase security.the main advantage jsonp ability work legacy browsers predate cors support opera mini internet explorer earlier.cors supported modern web browsers.see also content security policycrossdocument messaging references external links fetch living standard current specification corsmdn http access control cors articlesetting cors apache correct response headers allowing everything throughdetailed howto information enabling cors support various web servershtml rocks explains cors works detailwc cors developers guidehow disable cors webkitbased browsers maximum security privacyonline cors misconfiguration scannercsc used security feature card present transactions personal identification number pin cannot manually entered cardholder would pointofsale card present transactions.instituted reduce incidence credit card fraud.csc originally developed uk elevencharacter alphanumeric code equifax employee michael stone .testing littlewoods home shopping group natwest bank concept adopted uk association payment clearing services apacs streamlined threedigit code known today.mastercard started issuing cvc numbers visa united states issued .american express started use csc response growing internet transactions card member complaints spending interruptions security card brought question.contactless card chip cards may electronically generate code icvv dynamic cvv.
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Card security code
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naming codes different namescav card authentication value jcbcid card id card identification number card identification code discover american express four digits front card.american express usually uses fourdigit code front card referred card identification code cid also threedigit code back card referred card security code csc.american express also sometimes refers unique card code.csc card security code debit cards american express three digits back card also referred csccvc card validation code mastercardcvd card verification data discovercve elo verification code elo brazilcvn card validation number china unionpaycvv card verification value visaspc signature panel code types several types security codes pvv generated des key bank hsm modules using pan expiration date service codethe first code numbers called cvc cvv encoded track one two magnetic stripe card used card present transactions signature second track also contains pin verification value pvv usually zeroed service code.purpose code verify payment card actually hand merchant thus different cvv.code automatically retrieved magnetic stripe card read swiped pointofsale card present device verified issuer.
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Card security code
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limitation entire card duplicated magnetic stripe copied code still valid even though usually need sign that.see credit card fraud § skimming.the second code cited cvv cvc.code often used merchants card present transactions including online purchases.countries western europe card issuers require merchant obtain code cardholder present person.uses service code .contactless andor chip emv cards supply electronically generated codes called icvv.
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Card security code
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uses service code .described public standards emvco.consumer device cardholder verification method cdcvm example apple pay google pay samsung pay different apps support device crypto trust engine deprecated use pin cvc smart device smart watch smartphone etc.needs unlocked operation sum done without pin pos terminal supports cdcvm.amount operation also shown device unlock purchase.also online purchases supported.
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Card security code
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fallbacks cvc pin supported.location card security code typically last three four digits printed embossed like card number signature strip back card.american express cards however card security code four digits printed embossed front towards right.card security code encoded magnetic stripe printed flat.american express cards fourdigit code printed front side card number.diners club discover jcb mastercard visa credit debit cards threedigit card security code.code final group numbers printed back signature panel card.new north american mastercard visa cards feature code separate panel right signature strip.
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Card security code
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done prevent overwriting numbers signing card.generation csc card form generated card issuer card issued.calculated encrypting bank card number expiration date two fields printed card encryption keys known card issuer decimalising result.benefits limitations security measure merchants require cvv card present transactions required card issuer store cvv individual transaction authorized.way database transactions compromised cvv present stolen card numbers less useful.
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Card security code
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virtual terminals payment gateways store cvv code therefore employees customer service representatives access webbased payment interfaces otherwise access complete card numbers expiration dates information still lack cvv code.the payment card industry data security standard pci dss also prohibits storage csc sensitive authorisation data post transaction authorisation.applies globally anyone stores processes transmits card holder data.since csc contained magnetic stripe card typically included transaction card used face face merchant.however merchants north america sears staples require code.american express cards invariable practice card present transactions european union eu countries like ireland united kingdom since start .provides level protection bankcardholder fraudulent merchant employee cannot simply capture magnetic stripe details card use later card present purchases phone mail order internet.
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Card security code
|
merchant employee would also note cvv visually record likely arouse cardholders suspicion.supplying csc code transaction intended verify customer card possession.knowledge code proves customer seen card seen record made somebody saw card.limitations includethe use csc cannot protect phishing scams cardholder tricked entering csc among card details via fraudulent website.growth phishing reduced realworld effectiveness csc antifraud device.also scam phisher already obtained card account number perhaps hacking merchant database poorly designed receipt gives information victims lulling false sense security asking csc phisher needs purpose scam first place.since csc may stored merchant length time original transaction csc quoted authorized merchant needs regularly bill card regular subscription would able provide code initial transaction.payment gateways however responded adding periodic bill features part authorization process.some card issuers use csc.
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WOT Services
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however transactions without csc possibly subjected higher card processing cost merchants fraudulent transactions without csc likely resolved favour cardholder.it mandatory merchant require security code making transaction card may still prone fraud even number known phishers.example amazon requires card number expiration date complete transaction.it possible fraudster guess csc using distributed attack.see also securecredit card fraudiso referencesconfidence level based user ratings thirdparty malware phishing scam spam blacklists.service also provides crowdsourced reviews extent websites trustworthy respect user privacy vendor reliability child safety.a norddeutscher rundfunk investigation revealed wot services sold user activity data collected apps browser extensions third parties violation privacy policies app stores software distributed.history wot services founded sami tolvanen timo alakleemola wrote mywot software postgraduates tampere university technology finland.launched service officially esa suurio ceo.suurio replaced november founders left company .in mysql founder michael widenius invested wot services became member board directors.
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WOT Services
|
wot services longer portfolio company wideniuss venture capital firm openocean.vc.february wot services changed name tow software.wot services partnerships mail.ru facebook hphosts legitscript panda security phishtank globalsign truste.by november wot services million downloads.wot services made money collecting browsing history data users selling usage data said anonymized data selling it.sale userrelated data november german state media investigation found wot services secretly collected personal user details sold licensed information unidentified thirdparty businesses entities data monetization purposes.activity breached privacy rules guidelines set several browsers.result browser addon involuntarily removed mozilla firefoxs addon store voluntarily removed browsers addonextension stores.
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WOT Services
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wot eventually reinstated.on november german public broadcasting station ndr reported results investigation inhouse journalists showing wot collected recorded analyzed sold userrelated data third parties.data obtained traceable wot could assigned specific individuals despite wots claim user data anonymized.ndr investigative journalism report based freely available sample data revealed sensitive private information users could retrieved.information included websites visited account names email addresses potentially revealing user illnesses sexual preferences drug consumption.journalists also reconstructed media companys confidential revenue data details ongoing police investigation.german media contacted wot services results investigation prior publication report.
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WOT Services
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wot declined comment findings.a days news story aired mozilla removed browser addon firefox addon store.wot subsequently removed browsing tool browsers including chrome opera.wot mobile security protection mobile app removed google play approximately one week extension removed google chrome extension store.in blog post published december wot services stated upgraded browser extension released google chrome extension gallery.upgraded version included several major code updates order protect users privacy optout option user settings users wish share data us still want easy access wot.february mozilla reinstated mywot browsing tool firefox addon store.mywot addon wot services offers addon web browsers including firefox google chrome opera internet explorer baidu.
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WOT Services
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extension rates websites based reputation score provides end users red yellow green indicator red meaning site poor reputation score.reviews wot discovered selling personally identifiable user data november .breach user privacy initially discovered reported investigative journalists germany widely reported press resulting removal web trust plugin major browsers.in years prior discovery privacy breach press reviews positive.new york times washington post wrote wot—the nyt post .pc worlds preston gralla rick broida recommended wot respectively.pc magazines neil rubenking concluded web trusts protection free doesnt impact browsing speed well worth trying out.
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WOT Services
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however minus side found several clearly adult sites unrated wished wot would also rate sponsored search results like major competitors.in softpedia reviewer ionut ilascu wrote reliability service grown past years despite voices accusing exactly opposite proof collaboration facebook opera mail.ru group concluding service wot web trust may viewed biased latest developments balancing user opinion order provide relevant information point contrary.lawsuits february lawsuit florida united states filed wot forum members demanding wot remove certain website ratings associated comments cautioning phishing scams.court ordered case dismissed prejudice equivalent verdict guilty us law.germany preliminary injunctions issued courts delete feedback.see also mcafee siteadvisornetcraftnorton safe webwebsite reputation ratingsgoogle safesearch references
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Security pattern
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classical design patterns different instantiations fulfill information security goal confidentiality integrity availability.additionally one create new design pattern specifically achieve security goal.existing security pattern pattern community provided collection security patterns discussed workshops pattern languages programs plop conferences.unified published joint project.the open group provides set documented security patterns.available system patterns patterns concerned availability assets.
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Security pattern
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assets either services resources offered users.checkpointed system pattern describes design use replication computer science recover component fails.standby pattern goal provide fall back component able resume service failing component.comparatorchecked fault tolerant system pattern provides way monitor failurefree behavior component.replicated system pattern describes design redundant components means load balancing redirection decrease chance nonavailability service.error detectioncorrection pattern goal deduce errors possibly correct guarantee correct information exchange storage.protected system patterns set patterns concerned confidentiality integrity information providing means manage access usage sensitive data.the protected system pattern provides reference monitor enclave owns resources therefore must bypassed get access.monitor enforces single point policy.gof refers protection proxy.the policy pattern architecture decouple policy normal resource code.authenticated user owns security context erg.
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Security pattern
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role passed guard resource.guard checks inside policy whether context user rules match provides denies access resource.the authenticator pattern also known pluggable authentication modules java authentication authorization service jaas.subject descriptor patternsecure communication similar single signon rbacsecurity context combination communication protection proxy security context subject descriptor pattern.security association extension secure communication pattern.secure proxy pattern used defense depth.security patterns java ee xml web services identity management set security patterns evolved sun java center – sun microsystems engineers ramesh nagappan christopher steel helps building endtoend security multitier java ee enterprise applications xmlbased web services enabling identity management web applications including single signon authentication multifactor authentication enabling identity provisioning webbased applications.authentication enforcer pattern used manage delegate authentication processesauthorization enforcer pattern used manage delegate authorization processesintercepting validator pattern helps performing security validation input data clientssecure base action pattern shows centralizing handling security tasks base action classsecure logger pattern used log sensitive data ensuring tamperproof storagesecure session manager shows securely centralizing session information handlingweb agent interceptor pattern shows use interceptor mechanism provide security web applicationsobfuscated transfer object pattern shows protect data passed around transfer objects application tiersaudit interceptor pattern shows capture securityrelated events support logging auditingmessage inspector pattern shows verification validation xml messagelevel security mechanisms xml signature xml encryption conjunction security token.message interceptor gateway pattern shows single entry point solution centralization security enforcement incoming outgoing xml web service messages.helps apply transportlevel messagelevel security mechanisms required securely communicating web services endpoint.secure message router pattern facilitates secure xml communication multiple partner endpoints adopt messagelevel security.acts security intermediary component applies messagelevel security mechanisms deliver messages multiple recipients intended recipient would able access required portion message remaining message fragments made confidential.single signon sso delegator pattern describes construct delegator agent handling legacy system single signon sso.assertion builder pattern defines identity assertion example authentication assertion authorization assertion built.credential synchroniser pattern describes securely synchronize credentials principals across multiple applications using identity provisioning references external links n. yoshioka h. washizaki k. maruyama survey security patterns progress informatics no.
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Lynx (web browser)
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pp.– open group security pattern guidemicrosoft patterns practices groupramesh nagappan security patterns jee applications web services identity management service provisioningoldest web browser still maintained started .history lynx product distributed computing group within academic computing services university kansas initially developed team students staff university lou montulli michael grobe charles rezac hypertext browser used solely distribute campus information part campuswide information server browsing gopher space.beta availability announced usenet july .montulli added internet interface released new version .browser.as july support communication protocols lynx implemented using version libwww forked librarys code base .
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Lynx (web browser)
|
supported protocols include gopher http https ftp nntp wais.support nntp added libwww ongoing lynx development .support https added lynxs fork libwww later initially patches due concerns encryption.garrett blythe created doslynx april later joined lynx effort well.foteos macrides ported much lynx vms maintained time.lynx released gnu general public license maintained group volunteers led thomas dickey.
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Lynx (web browser)
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features browsing lynx consists highlighting chosen link using cursor keys links page numbered entering chosen links number.current versions support ssl many html features.tables formatted using spaces frames identified name explored separate pages.lynx inherently able display various types nontext content web images video launch external programs handle image viewer video player.unlike web browsers lynx support javascript many websites require work correctly.the speed benefits textonly browsing apparent using low bandwidth internet connections older computer hardware may slow render imageheavy content.privacy lynx support graphics web bugs track user information fetched meaning web pages read without privacy concerns graphic web browsers.
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Lynx (web browser)
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however lynx support http cookies also used track user information.lynx therefore supports cookie whitelisting blacklisting alternatively cookie support disabled permanently.as conventional browsers lynx also supports browsing histories page caching raise privacy concerns.configurability lynx accepts configuration options either commandline options configuration files.command line options according help message.template configuration file lynx.cfg lists configurable features.
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Lynx (web browser)
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overlap two although commandline options restrict matched lynx.cfg.addition preset options commandline configuration file lynxs behavior adjusted runtime using options menu.overlap settings.lynx implements many runtime optional features optionally controlled setting configuration file allowing choices saved separate writable configuration file.reason restricting options saved originated usage lynx common mids i.e.
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Lynx (web browser)
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using lynx frontend application internet accessed dialin connections.accessibility lynx textbased browser used internet access visually impaired users refreshable braille display easily compatible texttospeech software.lynx substitutes images frames nontextual content text alt name title html attributes allows hiding user interface elements browser becomes specifically suitable use costeffective general purpose screen reading software.version lynx specifically enhanced use screen readers windows developed indian institute technology madras.remote access lynx also useful accessing websites remotely connected system graphical display available.
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Lynx (web browser)
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despite textonly nature age still used effectively browse much modern web including performing interactive tasks editing wikipedia.web design robots since lynx take keystrokes text file still useful automated data entry web page navigation web scraping.consequently lynx used web crawlers.web designers may use lynx determine way search engines web crawlers see sites develop.online services provide lynxs view given web page available.lynx also used test websites performance.
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Lynx (web browser)
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one run browser different locations remote access technologies like telnet ssh one use lynx test web sites connection performance different geographical locations simultaneously.another possible web design application browser quick checking sites links.supported platforms lynx originally designed unixlike operating systems though ported vms soon public release systems including dos microsoft windows classic mac os os.included default openbsd installation openbsd .may .
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Security management
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may main tree prior july subsequently made available ports tree also found repositories linux distributions well homebrew fink repositories macos.ports beos minix qnx amigaos os also available.the sources built many platforms e.g.mention made googles android operating system.see also computer accessibilitylinks web browserelinkswmmodsecurityformer lynx browser blockingcomparison web browserstimeline web browserscomparison usenet newsreaders notes references external links official websiteloss prevention loss prevention focuses ones critical assets going protect them.key component loss prevention assessing potential threats successful achievement goal.must include potential opportunities object take risk unless theres upside balance probability impact determine implement measures minimize eliminate threats.security risk management management security risks applies principles risk management management security threats.consists identifying threats risk causes assessing effectiveness existing controls face threats determining risks consequences prioritizing risks rating likelihood impact classifying type risk selecting appropriate risk option risk response.
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Security management
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universal standard managing risks developed netherlands.updated named universal security management systems standard .types risks external strategic competition customer demand.operational regulations suppliers contract.financial fx credit.hazard natural disasters cyber external criminal acts.compliance new regulatory legal requirements introduced existing ones changed exposing organization noncompliance risk measures taken ensure compliance.internal strategic rd.operational systems processes hr payroll.financial liquidity cash flow.hazard safety security employees equipment.compliance concrete potential changes organizations systems processes suppliers etc.may create exposure legal regulatory noncompliance.
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Security management
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risk options risk avoidance first choice considered possibility eliminating existence criminal opportunity avoiding creation opportunity.additional considerations factors created result action would create greater risk.example removing cash flow retail outlet would eliminate opportunity stealing money would also eliminate ability conduct business.risk reduction avoiding eliminating criminal opportunity conflicts ability conduct business next step reducing opportunity potential loss lowest level consistent function business.example application risk reduction might result business keeping enough cash hand one days operation.
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Security management
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risk spreading assets remain exposed application reduction avoidance subjects risk spreading.concept limits loss potential losses exposing perpetrator probability detection apprehension prior consummation crime application perimeter lighting barred windows intrusion detection systems.idea reduce time available thieves steal assets escape without apprehension.risk transfer two primary methods accomplishing risk transfer ensure assets raise prices cover loss event criminal act.generally speaking first three steps properly applied cost transferring risks much lower.
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Security management
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risk acceptance remaining risks must simply assumed business part business.included accepted losses deductibles made part insurance coverage.security policy implementations intrusion detection alarm device.access control locks simple sophisticated biometric authentication keycard locks.physical security environmental elements ex.
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Security management
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mountains trees etc..barricade.security guards armed unarmed wireless communication devices e.g.twoway radio.security lighting spotlight etc..security cameras.motion detectors.ibns containers cash transit.procedures coordination law enforcement agencies.fraud management.risk management.cpted.risk analysis.risk mitigation.contingency planning.see also references reading bbc news depth.bbc news home.
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Security management
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web.mar..httpnews.bbc.co.uksharedsplhiguideshtml.rattner daniel.loss prevention risk management strategy.
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Security management
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security management.northeastern university boston.mar..lecture.rattner daniel.
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Security management
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risk assessments.security management.northeastern university boston.mar..
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Security management
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lecture.rattner daniel.internal external threats.security management.northeastern university boston.april.
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Squid (software)
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.lecture.asset protection security management handbook poa publishing llc p. iso risk management — principles guidelines p. universal security management systems standard requirements guidance use p. security management training tscm training article incorporates public domain material general services administration document federal standard c. support milstdwide variety uses including speeding web server caching repeated requests caching web dns computer network lookups group people sharing network resources aiding security filtering traffic.although primarily used http ftp squid includes limited support several protocols including internet gopher ssl tls https.squid support socks protocol unlike privoxy squid used order provide socks support.squid originally designed run daemon unixlike systems.windows port maintained version .. new versions available windows use cygwin environment.squid free software released gnu general public license.
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Squid (software)
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history squid originally developed harvest object cache part harvest project university colorado boulder.work program completed university california san diego funded via two grants national science foundation.duane wessels forked last precommercial version harvest renamed squid avoid confusion commercial fork called cached .became netcache.squid version .. released july .squid developed almost exclusively volunteer efforts.
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Squid (software)
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basic functionality squid proxy server installed web browsers configured use proxy http server allowing squid retain copies documents returned repeated requests documents reduce access time well bandwidth consumption.often useful internet service providers increase speed customers lans share internet connection.caching servers controlled web service operator caching proxies anonymize user confused anonymizing proxies.a client program e.g.browser either specify explicitly proxy server wants use typical isp customers could using proxy without extra configuration transparent caching case outgoing http requests intercepted squid responses cached.latter typically corporate setup clients lan often introduces privacy concerns mentioned above.squid features help anonymize connections disabling changing specific header fields clients http requests.
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Squid (software)
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whether set set person controls computer running squid.people requesting pages network transparently uses squid may know whether information logged.within uk organisations least users informed computers internet connections monitored.reverse proxy setup—caching contents unlimited number webservers limited number clients—is classical one.another setup reverse proxy webserver acceleration using httpport accel vhost.
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Squid (software)
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mode cache serves unlimited number clients limited number of—or one—web servers.as example slow.example.com real web server squid cache server accelerates first time page requested cache server would get actual page slow.example.com later requests would get stored copy directly accelerator configurable period stored copy would discarded.end result without action clients less traffic source server meaning less cpu memory usage less need bandwidth.however mean source server cannot accurately report traffic numbers without additional configuration requests would seem come reverse proxy.way adapt reporting source server use xforwardedfor http header reported reverse proxy get real clients ip address.it possible single squid server serve normal reverse proxy simultaneously.example business might host website web server squid server acting reverse proxy clients customers accessing website outside business web server.
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Squid (software)
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squid server could act classical web cache caching http requests clients within business i.e.employees accessing internet workstations accelerating web access reducing bandwidth demands.mediarange limitations example feature http protocol limit request range data resource referenced.feature used extensively video streaming websites youtube user clicks middle video progress bar server begin send data middle file rather sending entire file beginning user waiting preceding data finish loading.partial downloads also extensively used microsoft windows update extremely large update packages download background pause halfway download user turns computer disconnects internet.the metalink download format enables clients segmented downloads issuing partial requests spreading number mirrors.squid relay partial requests origin web server.order partial request satisfied fast speed cache squid requires full copy object already exist storage.if proxy video user watching video stream browses different page video completely downloads squid cannot keep partial download reuse simply discards data.
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Squid (software)
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special configuration required force downloads continue cached.supported operating systems squid run following operating systems see also web accelerator discusses hostbased http accelerationproxy server discusses clientside proxiesreverse proxy discusses originside proxiescomparison web servers references reading wessels duane .squid definitive guide.oreilly media.isbn .saini kulbir .
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Squid (software)
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squid proxy server .beginners guide.packt publishing.isbn .external links official website squid blogsquid users guidesquid transparent proxy ddwrtsquid reverse proxy — create reverse proxy squidconfiguration manual — visolve squid configuration manual guideconfiguration manual — authoritative squid configuration optionssolaris setup.
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Zscaler
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archived original january .— setup squid solarissquid – installation centos fedora red hatcompany’s cloudnative technology platform zscaler zero trust exchange designed help enterprise customers secure employees applications data infrastructure applications move cloud employees connect work remotely traditional corporate network.history zscaler founded jay chaudhry k. kailash announced general availability cloud security service august .named one startups watch network world.january zscaler positioned “visionary” gartner magic quadrant secure web gateways.following year zscaler positioned “leader” maintained position leaders quadrant secure web gateways every subsequent year.
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Zscaler
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zscaler company gartner mq leaders quadrant secure web gateway.in august zscaler secured million funding strategic investors including lightspeed ventures.august company announced closing new round financing led tpg million.march company initial public offering raised million.company traded nasdaq using symbol zs.zscaler stock zs added nasdaq december .as july zscaler issued pending patents.in zscaler achieved iso certification.
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Zscaler
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iso globally recognized standard establishment certification information security management system.since initial certification zscaler achieved number additional certifications including iso iso iso soc type ii soc .various zscaler products also meet stringent standards many government regulations including fedrampjab high il authority operate federal information processing standard fips criminal justice information system cjis international traffic arms regulations itarand stateramp certifications australia’s irap protected status uk’s national cyber security centre ncsc cyber security essentials certification.acquisitions trustpath august artificial intelligence machine learning technology cybersecurityappsulate may cloud browser isolation technologycloudneeti april cloud security posture management cspm technology edgewise networks may zero trust communications applications services workloads trustdome april cloud infrastructure entitlement management ciem technologysmokescreen june active defense technology cyberthreat prevention products zscaler zero trust exchange zscaler zero trust exchange platform powers zscaler services securely connect users devices applications network.platform based proxy architecture leveraging zero trust principle leastprivileged access secure internet saas private application access.
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Zscaler
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zscaler zero trust exchange also protects applications workloads.zscaler internet access zia zscaler internet access zia secure internet web gateway delivered service cloud.zia includes multiple security engines cloud firewall intrusion prevention system ips data loss prevention dlp bandwidth control browser isolation cloud access security broker casb sandbox.detaching security access controls network delivering cloud zia provide identical security policy enforcement matter connections occur headquarters branch office remote locations.zscaler private access zscaler private access zpa provides zero trust access private applications running public clouds within data center.
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Zscaler
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zpa shields applications internet making invisible unauthorized users.users never placed network.zpa ensures authorized users access specific private applications without providing access network.zpa creates secure segments one authenticated user named application brokering connection zscaler zero trust exchange.zscaler cloud protection zscaler cloud protection zcp service automatically remediates security gaps minimizes attack surface eliminates lateral threat movement.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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zcp helps organizations secure workload configurations permissions secure user access cloud apps secure apptoapp communications.zscaler digital experience zdx zscaler digital experience zdx provides endtoend visibility user application quickly isolates issues impact performance whether user’s device endpoint local network internet isp application cloud data center.accolades morgan stanley cto award innovation innovative tech company year microsoft security isv partner year cybersecurity impact awards honoree infosec publisher’s choice award gartner magic quadrant secure web gateways leader glassdoor best place work gartner magic quadrant security service edge leader references external links business data zscalerprimary mission protect diplomatic assets personnel information combat visa passport fraud.agency also undertakes counterterrorism counterintelligence cybersecurity criminal investigations domestically abroad.originating diplomatic security measures enacted first world war dss formally established response deadly bombings u.s. embassy marine barracks beirut lebanon.leading u.s. law enforcement agency abroad widely deployed world protecting u.s. diplomatic missions countries u.s. cities.dss special agents unique u.s. federal law enforcement also members foreign service.agencys visible activity providing security u.s. secretary state u.s. ambassador united nations senior diplomats domestically abroad.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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part duty provide safe secure environment u.s. diplomacy dss also protects foreign dignitaries advises u.s. ambassadors security matters manages security programs international events often cooperation domestic foreign counterparts.overview best known security role dss fullfledged law enforcement agency conducts international criminal investigations threat analysis counterterrorism counterintelligence security technology cybersecurity.agency employs approximately special agents sometimes referred ds agents dss agents.dss agents federal agents power arrest carry firearms serve arrest warrants perform law enforcement activities.whereas u.s. federal law enforcement agents members federal civil service majority dss special agents foreign service specialists law enforcement officers.dss agents uniquely required serve multipleyear tours abroad condition employment.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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overseas assignment agents serve dss headquarters arlington virginia one field offices nationwide.small percentage dss special agents members state departments civil service mandated serve tours overseas instead focus criminal investigations dignitary protection within united states.when assigned domestic field offices dss special agents investigate passport fraud visa fraud protect visiting foreign dignitaries.also investigate activities foreign intelligence agencies focused department state assist apprehending foreign fugitives fled united states conduct background checks state department employees applicants contractors.when assigned u.s. embassies consulates abroad dss special agents perform law enforcement duties u.s. missions provide security assistance protect senior diplomats perform roles needed.ranking dss officer embassy consulate holds title regional security officer rso often known security attaché.history origins dss go back early stages first world war united states sought maintain neutrality found target espionage sabotage passport fraud.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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german austrian spies known conducting operations new york city using forged stolen identity papers.late secretary state robert lansing recommended creating international law enforcement task force within department state investigate crimes.when suggestion failed gain support april secretary lansing authorization president woodrow wilson created task force bureau secret intelligence dubbed secret service department state.offthebooks adjunct division information bureau also known office chief special agent possibly disguise sensitive operations.supported confidential funds secretary lansings office small force composed agents u.s. secret service specialized counterfeit currency agents u.s. postal inspection service uspis best forensic laboratory country.agents overseen junior foreign service officer leland harrison.tasked primarily counterespionage counterintelligence team also investigated passport fraud protected u.s. foreign diplomats u.s. soil processed threat reports overseas posts.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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following u.s. entry war bureau also interned exchanged diplomatic officials enemy powers.after war ended congress passed laws requiring american citizens return passports resident aliens enter visas.state department agents began investigating subsequent instances passport visa fraud.around time state department agents began protecting distinguished visitors united states.chief special agent longer reported offices activities directly secretary state instead answering assistant secretary state administration.within next two decades major passport fraud activities detected neutralized worldwide often involving communists nazis.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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office security s.y.world war ii state department agents involved interning exchanging diplomatic officials enemy powers.around time chief special agents office became known sy short office security turn administration bureau management undersecretary.world war ii sy began expanding presence overseas numerous regional security officer rso positions created overseas posts.in otto otepka deputy director sy brought attention u.s. senate internal security subcommittee deficiencies state department clearance process.allegations traced way secretary state dean rusk.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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despite multiple awards appeals multiple u.s. senators backing secretary rusk removed otepka position ultimately unceremoniously fired him.starting sometime world war ii sy began regularly protecting visiting heads state done sporadically since s. departure sy director bannerman began codifying procedures overseas security.process continued late number rso positions created.time early number agents remained relatively small hovering around half serving overseas given time.april u.s. embassy bombing catharsis state department would transform sy newly created diplomatic security service part bureau diplomatic security.bureau diplomatic security diplomatic security service congress formed commission headed admiral bobby ray inman look bombings u.s. diplomatic facilities beirut.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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resultant inman report recommended security state department needed elevated higher priority.thus congress created bureau diplomatic security ds headed assistant secretary state diplomatic security diplomatic security service dss headed director dss subordinate assistant secretary state ds.however dss federal law enforcement agency bureau diplomatic security ds.the director dss active dss agent often referred principal deputy assistant secretary pdas heshe senior various assistant directors diplomatic security hold positions equivalent deputy assistant secretary das.pdas designation signifies dss directors preeminence dass within dss time signifying hisher position assistant secretary state diplomatic security.the first several assistant secretaries ds senior foreign service officers last three senior law enforcement brought law enforcement agencies.creation ds dss ranks grew well agents.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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however mids budget cutbacks foisted u.s. state department congress department turn trimmed budget dss point dwindled little agents.although dss bureau within state department overseas vast majority rsos continued report administration officer.changed fallout east africa embassy bombings .terse message undersecretary management announcing immediate change made clear action best judgment insinuated done secretary state madeleine albright ordered it.change stripped dss administration officers placed rso directly deputy chief mission dcm chain command embassy.looking history becomes apparent pattern forced changes relation security u.s. state department facilities overseas american embassies consulates.often change result serious incident terrorist attack u.s. mission.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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since especially creation u.s. embassies kabul baghdad seems increasing acceptance desire state department hierarchy fully embrace support goals diplomatic security service.likewise dss allowed greater degree independent action administering allowed hire new agents rate keeps overall numbers slipping downward.structure organization outside department state much confusion relationship bureau diplomatic security ds diplomatic security service dss.ds oversees security related matters department state includes security u.s. embassies consulates.ds approximately employees roughly u.s. federal agents within dss.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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dss primary mechanism bureau diplomatic security accomplishes law enforcement criminal investigative security missions.the bureau diplomatic security headed assistant secretary state diplomatic security turn served several deputy assistant secretaries das.principal deputy assistant secretary pdas director diplomatic security service dss always active dss special agent.all employees work bureau diplomatic security including dss referred ds employees.usage sometimes appears dos press releases although recently multiagency press releases department justice distinguish dss umbrella organization.additionally dss special agents frequently assigned positions within ds outside dss chain command hierarchy.example assigned overseas department state employees evaluated superiors embassy consulate assigned.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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case dss agents rso senior special agent post rated deputy chief mission reviewed chief mission ambassador.dss hierarchy input agents evaluation though provide instructions agent.protection mission dss best identified protection assignments around globe.largest permanent dignitary protection detail carried dss agents united states secretary state.the ambassador united nations also ongoing protection detail.u.s. ambassadors receive protection dss addition security provided overseas host countries depending post.currently protection detail u.s. ambassador iraq one largest agencys history.protections visiting heads states governments recognized u.s foreign ministers major nations high ranking diplomats officials perceived highrisk typically covered dss.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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notable protection details include major members british royal family fourteenth dalai lama palestinian authority president mahmoud abbas princess diana yasser arafat zalmay khalilzad boris yeltsin.dss may also provide protection highrisk private individuals visiting u.s prominient dissidents opposition leaders.the bureau diplomatic securitys office foreign missions responsible protection foreign embassies consulates u.s. soil.since dss true uniformed force police powers agencies local police departments reimbursed providing service two notable secret service uniformed division washington d.c. new york city police department.annual united nations general assembly unga meeting september dss well u.s. secret service federal agencies protect dozens foreign dignitaries new york city.dss authority provide protection foreign heads state lead agency role early s. however order signed president richard nixon gave primary responsibility protection visiting heads state secret service.nevertheless dss expanded protection mission including providing security heads afghanistan haiti liberia respective home countries.the appointment hillary clinton secretary state raised questions whether dss would serve usual protective role since former first lady received secret service protection.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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dss ultimately named lead agency carry protection hillary clinton tenure secretary state.investigations dss investigations carried numerous field offices resident agent offices throughout u.s rsos overseas focus mainly passport visa fraud.dss special agents also investigate cases human sex trafficking document fraud international parental kidnapping violations protect act assaults federally protected persons fugitive arrests overseas host nation assistance counterterrorism counterintelligence ci investigations international organized crime cases.nexus passport andor visa fraud use state department documents diplomatic activities u.s. foreign service terrorism dss typically involved.passport visa fraud u.s. passports visas valuable travel documents consequently foreign nationals fraudulently acquire u.s. passports visas carry criminal activities including terrorism inside borders united states.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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federal offense apply assist someone applying u.s. passport visa entitled one.usually means alien u.s. trying establish false u.s. identity stealing identity american often one died.visa fraud also include participating sham marriages order allow unentitled foreigner become u.s. citizen.sometimes americans including foreign service officers fsos target dss investigations fso selling visas personal gain.dss also investigates alleged improper illegal behavior department state personnel include incidents espionage.cases would involve agencies department justice.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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overseas dss must take role local state law enforcement investigating issues spousal child abuse u.s. government personnel assigned embassy.host country investigate prosecute diplomats considered immunity laws.dss also conducts tens thousands background investigations per year – department state federal agencies well.in recent years dss expanded overseas investigations program arsois assistant regional security officerinvestigators also known overseas criminal investigators.agents given special training consular functions commissioned consular officers.however spend large amount time working fraud units consular sections investigating visa passport fraud well crimes nexus documents including terrorism organized crime trafficking persons narcotics violations.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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arsois may work alien smuggling human trafficking investigations alongside resident regional ice homeland security investigations hsi special agents.attaché typically jurisdictional primacy arenas.u.s. border arsois may work alien smuggling human trafficking passport visa fraud cases u.s. customs border protection cbp hsi.addition arsois also responsibilities outside respective consular assignments mission security.counterintelligence diplomatic security service office investigations counterintelligence dsicici conducts robust counterintelligence program designed deter detect neutralize efforts foreign intelligence services targeting department state personnel facilities diplomatic missions worldwide.the offices counterintelligence division conducts aggressive counterintelligence inquires counterespionage investigations u.s. government agencies.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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counterespionage investigations conducted coordination fbi accordance legal mandates.the division conducts numerous counterintelligence security awareness training programs u.s. government personnel requesting access sensitive department state facilities information.training programs enhance understanding foreign intelligence espionage threats countermeasures educate employees foreign intelligence environment.in addition office relies cadre security engineers deter detect neutralize attempts foreign intelligence services technically penetrate u.s. office buildings residences.efforts range detecting simple listening device wall countering sophisticated electronic eavesdropping devices systems.on june dss fbi arrested former department state employee walter kendall myers charges serving illegal agent cuban government nearly years conspiring provide classified u.s. information cuban government.myers’ arrest culmination threeyear joint dssfbi investigation.counterterrorism diplomatic security service maintains agents dozens joint terrorism task force operations around country.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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office protective intelligence investigations pii threat intelligence analysis division dss special agents travel world investigating threats secretary state u.s. embassies consulates.time threat attack u.s. embassy consulate dss special agents first scene investigate.the rewards justice program rfj counterterrorism rewards program dss.secretary state currently offering rewards information prevents favorably resolves acts international terrorism u.s. persons property worldwide.in days following april boston marathon bombing dss special agents investigated incident along personnel fbi hsi state police boston police cambridge police law enforcement agencies led death one suspect capture second suspect.investigations dss investigates crimes state department personnel u.s. government personnel families assigned chief mission authority u.s. embassy consulate abroad.dss special agents investigated thefts assaults rapes murders among charges around world.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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unlike investigations conducted united states federal agencies dss agents work jointly foreign counterparts often hostile areas world.on january cia station chief andrew warren algiers algeria reportedly investigation dss allegedly raped two local muslim women.fugitives diplomatic security service tasked tracking capturing fugitives fled u.s. jurisdiction avoid prosecution.assisted resolution international fugitive cases around globe.in dss special agents jeff riner bill miller rsos assigned u.s. embassy pakistan along pakistani police interservices intelligence isi arrested ramzi yousef wanted connection world trade center bombing new york city.jared ravin yaffe ran child pornography ring march september paying babysitters give access children.police took note yaffe fled north carolina germany romania bulgaria finally brazil.traveled real name passport chased u.s. marshals.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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february united states district court southern district california issued federal arrest warrant yaffe april yaffe profiled television show americas wanted.brazilian federal police caught may returned united states next day faced counts san diego child sexual assault kidnapping production child pornography unlawful flight avoid prosecution.initially pled guilty bail set million.year capture yaffe pled guilty several counts sentenced years life prison babysitter provided child also pled guilty sentenced years life prison.dss special agent terrance lawrence involved returning yaffe brazil.on september special agents dss located derrick yancey former deputy sheriff dekalb county georgia punta gorda belize.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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yancey wanted georgia double murder wife linda yancey day laborer.on november dss special agents u.s. embassys regional security office rso worked closely u.s. marshals service guatemalan national police interpol locate alleged murder suspect yearold ariel beau patrick taken custody guatemala.ariel patrick featured americas wanted.americas wanted featured capture robert snyder belize – dss special agent rso rob kelty interviewed john walsh.on april failing check pretrial services within two days april hearing bond status andrew warren apprehended combined team norfolk police department fugitive investigators dss special agents u.s. marshals.judge ellen s. huvelle u.s. district court district columbia issued bench warrant arrest former cia officer.on july special agents dss located fugitive george alvin viste peru.viste wanted clark county washington seven different criminal charges including rape child child molestation incest.“diplomatic security’s regional security office lima worked closely u.s. marshals service law enforcement counterparts interpol peru locate viste” said jeffrey w. culver director diplomatic security service.on october dss agents located dario sarimiento tomas pampanga philippines.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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dss worked philippine officials apprehend tomas wanted south korea charges defrauded individual .tomas arrested law enforcement officials philippine national bureau investigations national police.tomas assigned u.s. embassy seoul customs border protection officer.on february paul eischeid fugitive member hells angels eluded u.s. marshals nearly eight years arrested.accused murderer arrested buenos aires.interpol red notice well investigations u.s. marshals service dss argentina led capture.on october cooperation u.s. marshals montana violent offender task force belize police dss arrested michael patrick mcnulty warrant issued state montana.on november u.s. marshals service usms announces capture john earl gorham.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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u.s. parole commission issued arrest warrant gorham oct. regarding subjects original conviction sodomy kidnapping assault intent commit sodomy.gorham convicted sentenced years charges.gorham arrested drunk public sexually assaulting yearold female chantilly high school football game.usms task force partners diplomatic security service located gorham residence church lane bowie md.subject arrested without incident turned u.s. district court district columbia prosecution.on april coordination nicaraguan authorities fbis panama city legal attaché office diplomatic securitys regional security office u.s. embassy managua located eric justin toth esteli nicaragua placed custody.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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arrest result exhaustive well coordinated investigation fbis washington field office fbi legal attaché special agents diplomatic security service assigned u.s. embassy managua.overseas mission regional security officer rso dss presence overseas led embassy dss special agent known regional security officer rso charge regional security office serves senior law enforcement advisor security attaché u.s. ambassador.like members foreign service dss agents cannot remain posted u.s. six consecutive years must eventually assigned overseas post.assigned overseas dss agent typically serve first special agent called assistant regional security officer arso regional security office.agents enjoy overseas lifestyle try get second tour special agent slot large embassy even possibly regional security officer rso slot small post deputy regional security officer drso mediumsized post.usually two backtoback overseas tours agents encouraged return u.s. serve headquarters position returning overseas regional security officer.dss expanding criminal role overseas many overseas fraud investigator positions.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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positions referred “i” positions – “investigator” – commonly referred arsois.agents work consular sections embassies consulates instead regional security offices.performance agents rated rso deputy rso reviewed consul general.there several overseas positions filled dss agents.new building construction sites agents serve site security manager ssm supervise overall security new building including construction security technicians cst cleared american guards cag.construction posts critical counterintelligence ci threat agents also serve ci investigators dedicated preventing compromise sensitive spaces within new embassy.it common domestically assigned ds agents serve temporary duty tdy embassies overseas.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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duty range various types protection duties rso support security training overseas post may last little days multiple months.dss agents often found harms way four agents contract security specialists killed line duty july .vast majority dss casualties taken place within five years iraq dss continued conduct critical dangerous protective missions.it noted however regional security officer title currently unofficial period flux although officially sanctioned agents posted overseas use derivative titles security attaché use agent titles business cards.newer agents generally dislike title doesnt reflect law enforcement status consider vestige diplomatic securitys sy days.according u.s. law title security officer legally defined someone employed private entity law enforcement officer.additionally noted rsos longer cover multiple countries thus regional.even seasoned agents taken referring special agentinchargeregional security officer official biographies.the method rso title implemented also potential create confusion interacting outside organizations.
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Diplomatic Security Service
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possible larger overseas missions multiple diplomatic facilities located country multiple agents regional security officer title.india example rso position embassy senior foreign service level rsos consulates significantly lower grade level yet agents job title.sometimes title senior regional security officer used help prevent confusion indicate agent senior country.overseas criminal investigations division oci manages dss investigative forces abroad namely assistant regional security officerinvestigators arsois dss special agents responsible ensuring integrity u.s. passport visa system.embedded diplomatic posts across countries roughly arsois conduct criminal investigations work foreign governments build global law enforcement network maintain formal partnerships training programs foreign police immigration customs officials target wide range criminals including forgers smugglers terrorists.
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