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URL shortening	billion times.other uses url shortening beautify link track clicks disguise underlying address.although disguising underlying address may desired legitimate business personal reasons open abuse.url shortening service providers found spam blocklists use redirect services sites trying bypass blocklists.websites prevent short redirected urls posted.in addition service delivery time increases length url also increase.example page history page generated url httpsen.wikipedia.orgwindex.phptitleurlshorteningactionhistory shortened httpsw.wikiozb.
URL shortening	purposes several reasons use url shortening.often regular unshortened links may aesthetically unpleasing.many web developers pass descriptive attributes url represent data hierarchies command structures transaction paths session information.result urls hundreds characters long contain complex character patterns.urls difficult memorize type distribute.
URL shortening	result long urls must copied pasted reliability.thus short urls may convenient websites hard copy publications e.g.printed magazine book latter often requiring long strings broken multiple lines case email software internet forums truncated.on twitter instant messaging services limit number characters message carry – however twitter shortens links automatically using url shortening service t.co need use separate url shortening service shorten urls tweet.services using url shortener allow linking web pages would otherwise violate constraint.shortening services goo.gl tinyurl.com bit.ly generate urls humanreadable although resulting strings longer generated lengthoptimized service.
URL shortening	finally url shortening sites provide detailed information clicks link receives simpler setting equally powerful serverside analytics engine unlike latter require access server.urls encoded two dimensional barcodes qr code often shortened url shortener order reduce printed area code allow printing lower density order improve scanning reliability.registering short url websites create short links make sharing links via instant messaging easier make cheaper send via sms.done online web pages url shortening service batch demand may require use api.a wellknown websites set url shortening services use – example twitter t.co google g.co godaddy x.co.techniques url shortening every long url associated unique key part toplevel domain name.example httpstinyurl.commqxt key mqxt.
URL shortening	redirection treated equally redirection instruction sent browser contain header http status moved permanently found temporary redirect permanent redirect.there several techniques implement url shortening.keys generated base assuming letters numbers.case character sequence ... b c ... z. alternatively uppercase lowercase letters differentiated character represent single digit within number base .order form key hash function made random number generated key sequence predictable.users may propose custom keys.
URL shortening	example httpsexample.comproductreftypeshirt shortened httpstinyurl.comexampleshirt.not uri schemes capable shortened although uri schemes http https ftp ftps mailto mms rtmp rtmpt edk pop imap nntp news ldap gopher dict dns addressed services url shorteners.typically data javascript urls supported security reasons combat attacks like crosssite scripting session hijacking.url shortening services support forwarding mailto urls alternative address munging avoid unwanted harvest web crawlers bots.may sometimes done using short captchaprotected urls common.makers url shorteners usually register domain names less popular esoteric toplevel domains order achieve short url catchy name often using domain hacks.this results registration different url shorteners myriad different countries leaving relation country domain registered url shortener shortened links.toplevel domains countries libya .ly samoa .ws mongolia .mn malaysia .my liechtenstein .li used well many others.
URL shortening	cases political cultural aspects country charge toplevel domain may become issue users owners usually case.services may record inbound statistics may viewed publicly others.expiry timelimited services many providers shortened urls claim never expire always implied small print long decide discontinue service—there contract breached free service regardless promises—and remain business.a permanent url necessarily good thing.security implications obsolete short urls remain existence may circulated long cease point relevant even extant destination.sometimes short url useful simply give someone telephone conversation oneoff access file download longer needed within couple minutes.some url shorteners offer timelimited service expire specified period.services available include ordinary easytosay word url lifetime minutes hours creation url expire specified date specified period creation veryshortlived url characters typing smartphone restriction creator total number uses url password protection.
URL shortening	microsoft security brief recommends creation shortlived urls reasons explicitly security rather convenience.history early reference us patent describes ...a system method computer program product providing links remotely located information network remotely connected computers.uniform resource locator url registered server.shorthand link associated registered url.associated shorthand link url logged registry database.
URL shortening	request received shorthand link registry database searched associated url.shorthand link found associated url url fetched otherwise error message returned.the patent filed september patent issued us patent applications made public within months filing.another reference url shortening .first notable url shortening service tinyurl launched .popularity influenced creation least similar websites although simply domain alternatives.initially twitter automatically translated urls longer twentysix characters using tinyurl although began using bit.ly instead later developed url shortening service t.co.on august wordpress announced wp.me url shortener use referring wordpress.com blog post.
URL shortening	november shortened links bit.ly accessed .billion times.around time bit.ly tinyurl widely used urlshortening services.one service tr.im stopped generating short urls blaming lack revenuegenerating mechanisms cover costs twitters default use bit.ly shortener questioning whether shortening services could profitable url shortening longer term.resumed time closed.the shortest possible longterm urls generated nanourl december associated toplevel .to tonga domain form httpto.xxxx xxxx represents sequence random numbers letters.on december google announced service called google url shortener goo.gl originally available use google products google toolbar feedburner extensions google chrome.december google introduced youtube url shortener youtu.be.
URL shortening	september google url shortener became available via direct interface.goo.gl service provides analytics details qr code generator.march google announced turning support goo.gl coming weeks replacing firebase dynamic links although existing goo.gl links continue function.advantages main advantage short link name indicates short looks neat clean easily communicated entered without error.limited extent may obscure destination url though easily discoverable may advantageous disadvantageous irrelevant.
URL shortening	short link expires terminated security advantages.shortcomings short urls often circumvent intended use toplevel domains indicating country origin domain registration many countries requires proof physical presence within country although redirected url guarantee.abuse url shortening may utilized spammers illicit internet activities.result many removed online registries shut web hosts internet service providers.according tonic corporation registry .to domains serious keeping domains spam free may remove url shortening services registry service abused.in addition u.nu made following announcement upon closing operations last straw came september server disconnected without notice hosting provider response reports number links child pornography sites.disconnection server caused us serious problems honest level nature abuse become quite demoralizing.
URL shortening	given choice spending time money find different home giving latter out.googles urlshortener discussion group frequently included messages frustrated users reporting specific shortened urls disabled reported spam.a study may showed url shorteners shut .common cause cited abuse spammers.linkrot convenience offered url shortening also introduces potential problems led criticism use services.short urls example subject linkrot shortening service stops working urls related service become broken.legitimate concern many existing url shortening services may sustainable business model long term.
URL shortening	late internet archive started works projects together twenty collaborating companies initially whose short urls preserved project.transnational law shortened internet links typically use cctld domains therefore often jurisdiction nation service provider located.libya instance exercised control .ly domain october shut vb.ly violating libyan pornography laws.failure predict problems url shorteners investment url shortening companies may reflect lack due diligence.blocking banning websites prevent short redirected urls posted.in april tinyurl reported blocked saudi arabia.
URL shortening	yahoo answers blocks postings contain tinyurls wikipedia accept links url shortening services articles.reddit community strongly discourages – subreddits outright bans – url shortening services link submissions disguise origin domain name whether link previously submitted reddit legitimate reasons use link shorteners reddit link submissions.advertising sites adf.ly use number advertising techniques including interstitial advertising generate revenue.privacy security short url obscures target address used redirect unexpected site.examples rickrolling redirecting shock sites affiliate websites.
URL shortening	short url allow blocked urls accessed bypassing site blocklists facilitates redirection user blocked scam pages pages containing malware xss attacks.tinyurl tries disable spamrelated links redirecting.zonealarm however warned users tinyurl may unsafe.website known distribute spyware.tinyurl countered problem offering option view links destination using shortened url.
URL shortening	ability installed browser via tinyurl website requires use cookies.destination preview may also obtained prefixing word preview tinyurl url example destination httpstinyurl.comkmfp revealed entering httpspreview.tinyurl.comkmfp.url shortening services provide similar destination display.security professionals suggest users check short urls destination accessing following instance shortening service cli.gs compromised exposing millions users security uncertainties.several web applications display destination url shortened url.some url shortening services filter links badsite screening services google safe browsing.
URL shortening	many sites accept usersubmitted content block links however certain domains order cut spam reason known url redirection services often added spam blocklists.another privacy problem many services shortened url format small enough vulnerable bruteforce search.many people use url shorteners share links private content fact many web services like google maps offered automatic generation shortened links driving directions reveal personal information like home addresses sensitive destinations like clinics specific diseases including cancer mental diseases addiction treatment centers abortion providers correctional juvenile detention facilities payday cartitle lenders gentlemen’s clubs etc.additional layer complexity short urls although making easier access might otherwise long url userspace isp server add additional layer complexity process retrieving web pages.every access requires requests least one dns lookup though may cached one httphttps request thereby increasing latency time taken access page also risk failure since shortening service may become unavailable.another operational limitation url shortening services browsers resend post bodies redirect encountered.
URL shortening	overcome making service reverse proxy elaborate schemes involving cookies buffered post bodies techniques present security scaling challenges therefore used extranets internetscale services.notable services open source commercial scripts also available redirecting shortening links usually written php web application plugin one popular applications wordpress.scripts avoid many issues shortening services keep domain name part shortened link made private.see also references external links url redirection shortening curliecomparison url shortening services searchengineland.april .
Home network	devices capable participating network example smart devices network printers handheld mobile computers often gain enhanced emergent capabilities ability interact.additional capabilities used increase quality life inside home variety ways automation repetitive tasks increased personal productivity enhanced home security easier access entertainment.origins establishing kind network often necessary sharing residential internet access networked devices.based techniques mitigate ipv address exhaustion internet service providers provide single wide area networkfacing ip address residential customer.therefore networks require network address translation network router.dhcp used typical personal home local area network lan assign ip addresses within home subnet.
Home network	dhcp server router clients hosts e.g.personal computers smart phones printers etc.. router receives configuration information modem internet service provider also operates dhcp servers router one clients.clients request configuration settings using dhcp protocol ip address default route one dns server addresses.client implements settings host able communicate internet.infrastructure devices home network usually relies one following equipment establish physical layer data link layer network layer connectivity among internal devices also known lan external devices outside lan networks wan.
Home network	following examples typical lan devicesa modem exposes ethernet interface service providers native telecommunications infrastructure.homes usually come form dsl modem cable modem.quite often days modem integrated router may include switch wireless networking.a router manages network layer connectivity wan han.performs key function network address translation enabling multiple devices share homes single wan address.home networks feature particular class small passively cooled tabletop device integrated wireless access point port ethernet switch.
Home network	devices aim make installation configuration management home network automated user friendly plugandplay possible.a network switch used allow devices home network talk one another via ethernet.needs home networks satisfied builtin wireless andor switching capabilities router situations require addition separate switch advanced capabilities.examplea typical home router ethernet lan ports routers switching capacity could exceeded.a network device might require nonstandard port feature power ethernet poe.ip cameras ip phonesa wireless access point required connecting wireless devices network.home networks rely wireless router built wireless access point fill role.a home automation controller smart home hub enables lowpower wireless communications simple nondataintensive devices smart light bulbs philips hue smart locks august home.a network bridge connects two networks often order grant wiredonly device e.g.
Home network	xbox access wireless network medium.triple play service providers triple play solution features rented modemwireless router combination device arris surfboard sbg requires setting password complete installation configuration.situations longer need acquire additional infrastructure devices even user possess advanced technical knowledge successfully distribute internet access throughout home.physical connectivity protocols home networks use either wired wireless technologies connect endpoints.wireless predominant option homes due ease installation lack unsightly cables network performance characteristics sufficient residential activities.
Home network	wireless wireless lan one common ways creating home network using wireless radio signal technology .network certified ieee.wirelesscapable residential devices operate frequency .ghz .b .g ghz .a.home networking devices operate radioband signals fall within .n .ac standards.
Home network	wifi marketing compliance certification ieee .technologies.wifi alliance tested compliant products certifies interoperability.wireless pan low power close range communication based ieee .standards strong presence homes.
Home network	bluetooth continues technology choice wireless accessories keyboards mice headsets game controllers.connections often established transient adhoc manner thought permanent residents home network.lowrate wireless pan lowrate version original wpan protocol used basis zigbee.despite originally conceived standard low power machinetomachine communication industrial environments technology found well suited integration embedded smart home offerings expected run battery extended periods time.zigbee utilizes mesh networking overcome distance limitations associated traditional wpan order establish single network addressable devices spread across entire building.
Home network	zwave additional standard also built .. developed specifically needs home automation device makers mind.twisted pair cables wired network infrastructures found homes utilize category category twisted pair cabling rj compatible terminations.medium provides physical connectivity ethernet interfaces present large number residential ipaware devices.depending grade cable quality installation speeds mbits mbits gbits gbits supported.fiber optics newer upscale neighborhoods feature fiber optic cables running directly homes.
Home network	enables service providers offer internet services much higher bandwidth andor lower latency characteristics associated endtoend optical signaling.telephone wires vdsl vdslhomepna support mbits coaxial cables following standards allow devices communicate coaxial cables frequently installed support multiple television sets throughout homes.docsisthe multimedia coax alliance moca standard achieve mbitscwavehomepna support mbits power lines itut g.hn ieee powerline standard provide highspeed gbits local area networking existing home wiring examples home networking technology designed specifically iptv delivery.recently ieee passed proposal p grounded standard within market wireline products produced sold companies part homeplug alliance.ieee continuously working push p completely recognized worldwide sole standard future products produced home networking.homeplug homepna associated standardsuniversal powerline association endpoint devices services traditionally datacentric equipment computers media players primary tenants home network.however due lowering cost computing ubiquity smartphone usage many traditionally nonnetworked home equipment categories include new variants capable control remote monitoring app smartphone.
Home network	newer startups established home equipment manufacturers alike begun offer products part smart intelligent connected home portfolio.control andor monitoring interfaces products accessed proprietary smartphone applications specific product line.general purpose personal computers desktops laptops netbooks tabletsa network attached storage nas device easily accessed via cifs nfs protocols general storage backup purposes.a print server used share directly connected printers computers network.ip phones smartphones connected via wifi utilizing voip technologies entertainment smart speakerstelevision new tvs dvrs include integrated wifi connectivity allows user access services netflix youtubehome audio digital audio players stereo systems network connectivity allow user easily access music library often using bonjour discover interface instance itunes running remote pc.gaming video game consoles rely connectivity home network enable significant portion overall features multiplayer games social network integration ability purchase demo new games receive software updates.recent consoles begun aggressively pursuing role sole entertainment media hub home.dlna common protocol used interoperability networked mediacentric devices homesome older entertainment devices may feature appropriate network interfaces required home network connectivity.situations usb dongles pci network interface cards available accessories enable functionality.
Home network	lighting connected light bulbs lifx philips hue samsung smart bulb ge linkzigbee light link open standards protocol used current major connected light bulb vendors home security access control access control plumesecurity alarms ismartalarmgarage door gate openers liftmaster myq gogogate environmental monitoring conditioning hvac nest learning thermostatsmokeco detectors nest protect cloud services convenience availability reliability externally managed cloud computing resources continues become appealing choice many homedwellers without interest experience it.individuals subscription fees andor privacy risks associated services often perceived lower cost configure maintain similar facilities within home network.situations local services along devices maintaining replaced external data center made accessible homedwellers computing devices via wan connection.network management embedded devices small standalone embedded home network devices typically require remote configuration pc network.example broadband modems often configured web browser running pc network.
Home network	devices usually use minimal linux distribution lightweight http server running background allow user conveniently modify system variables gui rendered browser.pages use html forms extensively make attempts offer styled visually appealing views also descriptive easy use.apple ecosystem devices apple devices aim make networking hidden automatic possible utilizing zeroconfiguration networking protocol called bonjour embedded within otherwise proprietary line software hardware products.microsoft ecosystem devices microsoft offers simple access control features built windows operating system.homegroup feature allows shared disk access shared printer access shared scanner access among computers users typically family members home similar fashion small office workgroup e.g.
Home network	means distributed peertopeer networking without central server.additionally home server may added increased functionality.windows homegroup feature introduced microsoft windows order simplify file sharing residences.users typically family members except guest accounts may access shared library computer connected home group.passwords required family members logon.
Home network	instead secure file sharing possible means temporary password used adding computer homegroup.common issues concerns wireless signal loss wireless signal strength standard residential wireless router may powerful enough cover entire house may able get floors multiple floor residences.situations installation one wireless repeaters may necessary.leaky wifi wifi often extends beyond boundaries home create coverage least wanted offering channel nonresidents could compromise system retrieve personal data.prevent usually sufficient enforce use authentication encryption vpn requires password network connectivity.however new wifi standards working ghz .ad enable confidence lan trespass physical barriers frequencies simple wall would attenuate signal considerably.
Home network	electrical grid noise home networks relying powerline communication technology deal electrical noise injected system standard household appliances remains largest challenge.whenever appliance turned turned creates noise could possibly disrupt data transfer wiring.ieee products certified homeplug .compliant engineered longer interfere receive interference devices plugged homes electrical grid.administration administration proliferating devices software home networks growing amount private data fast becoming issue itself.
ActionScript	keeping overview applying without delay sw updates security patches keeping juniors internet use within safe boundaries structuring storage access levels private files data data backups detection cleaning infections operating virtual private networks easy access resources home network away etc.. things issues require attention planned careful work order provide secure resilient stable home network easy use members household guests.see also access controlcomputer security softwaredata backupencryptionfirewall computinghome automationhome serverindoor positioning system ipslogoutnetwork securitypassphrasesmart connected productssoftware updatethreat computertwo factor authenticationvirtual assistant references external links home area network uk smart meterwikibookstransferring data standard dialup modemshome net wg ietfinfluenced hypertalk scripting language hypercard.implementation ecmascript meaning superset syntax semantics language widely known javascript though originally arose sibling influenced hypertalk.actionscript used primarily development websites software targeting adobe flash player platform used web pages form embedded swf files.actionscript also used adobe air system development desktop mobile applications.language opensource specification offered free charge open source compiler part apache flex open source virtual machine mozilla tamarin available.actionscript also used scaleform gfx development video game user interfaces huds.overview actionscript initially designed controlling simple vector animations made adobe flash formerly macromedia flash.initially focused animation early versions flash content offered interactivity features thus limited scripting capability.
ActionScript	later versions added functionality allowing creation webbased games rich web applications streaming media video audio.today actionscript suitable desktop mobile development adobe air use database applications basic robotics make controller kit.flash mx introduced actionscript .scripting language suited development flash applications.often possible save time scripting something rather animating usually also enables higher level flexibility editing.since arrival flash player alpha newer version actionscript released actionscript .. version language intended compiled run version actionscript virtual machine completely rewritten ground dubbed avm.code written actionscript .
ActionScript	generally targeted flash player higher work previous versions.time actionscript .executes times faster legacy actionscript code due justintime compiler enhancements.flash libraries used xml capabilities browser render rich content browser.technology known asynchronous flash xml much like ajax.adobe offers flex product line meet demand rich web applications built flash runtime behaviors programming done actionscript.
ActionScript	actionscript .forms foundation flex api.history actionscript started objectoriented programming language macromedias flash authoring tool later developed adobe systems adobe flash.first three versions flash authoring tool provided limited interactivity features.early flash developers could attach simple command called action button frame.
ActionScript	set actions basic navigation controls commands play stop geturl gotoandplay.with release flash simple set actions became small scripting language.new capabilities introduced flash included variables expressions operators statements loops.although referred internally actionscript flash user manual marketing documents continued use term actions describe set commands.timeline player version flash player first version scripting support.actions included gotoandplay gotoandstop nextframe nextscene timeline control.flash player expanded basic scripting support ability load external swfs loadmovie.flash player first player full scripting implementation called actions.
ActionScript	scripting flash based syntax contained support loops conditionals variables basic language constructs.flash player included first version actionscript.used prototypebased programming based ecmascript allowed full procedural programming objectoriented programming.design based development.flash player added event handling model accessibility controls support switch.first version support amf rtmp protocols allowed demand audiovideo streaming.flash player additions include css styling text support actionscript .programming language based ecmascript netscape proposal classbased inheritance.
ActionScript	however actionscript .cross compile actionscript .bytecode run flash player .flash player extended actionscript actionscript adding new class libraries apis controlling bitmap data runtime file uploads live filters blur dropshadow.flash player initially called .added actionscript .advent new virtual machine called actionscript virtual machine avm coexists previous avm needed support legacy content.
ActionScript	performance increases major objective release player including new jit compiler.support binary sockets ex xml parsing fullscreen mode regular expressions added.first release player titled adobe flash player.flash player initially called astro added basic manipulation rotating x z axis drawing api texture mapping.ability create custom filters using adobe pixel bender.several visual processing tasks offloaded gpu gives noticeable decrease rendering time frame resulting higher frame rates especially h. video.
ActionScript	new sound api allows custom creation audio flash something never possible before.furthermore flash player supports peer peer pp communication real time media flow protocol rtmfp.flash player major addition version stagedbased advanced graphic card accelerated capabilities windows desktop mac desktop ios android major platforms.significant compatibility improvements added ios platform nondesktop platforms.features include h. encoding cameras native json support cubic bézier curves secure random number generator lzma compression swf files workers offload code execution processor threads graphics card accelerated camera feed rendering memory intrinsics performance analysis actionscript compiler .well minor additions.flash player .
ActionScript	released march focused adding features key gaming video markets.features release include following mouselock support.right middle mouseclick support.context menu disabling.hardwareaccelerated graphicsstage support apple ios android via adobe air.
ActionScript	support hardware accelerated video cards january order expand availability hardwareaccelerated content.new throttle event api dispatches event flash player throttles pauses resumes content.multithreaded video decoding pipeline pcs improves overall performance video desktop platforms.notification use premium features debug players content runs unrestricted release players.flash player .released june focused enabling features functionality key gaming market well addressing popular feature requests developers.
ActionScript	features release include following keyboard input support fullscreen mode.improved audio support working lowlatency audio.ability progressively stream textures stage content.protected mode flash player firefox.frame label events.
ActionScript	support compressing bitmapdata jpeg png formats.support mac os x app store application sandboxing requirements.text streaming support stage d. expanded information gpu driver details.bitmap draw quality api new.release outside mouse event api.
ActionScript	flash player silent update support mac os.stylus support android .devices adobe air.usb debugging ios adobe air.ios simulator support adobe air.flash player .
ActionScript	released august focused enabling features functionality key gaming market well addressing popular feature requests developers.features release include following actionscript workers enables concurrent actionscript execution separate threads.support advanced profiling.lzma compression support bytearray.support hardwareaccelerated video cards stage expanded .
ActionScript	improved actionscript performance targeting apple ios.performance index api inform performance capabilities current environment.support compressed textures alpha support.support stagevideo.attachcamera api.support push notifications ios adobe air.flash player .
ActionScript	released november focused performance improvement stability.features release include following shared bytearray support actionscript workers.debug stack trace release builds flash player.various bug fixesflash player .released march focuses performance improvements security enhancements stability.
ActionScript	features release include following ability query graphics vector data runtime.fullscreen permission dialog user interface improvements.ability load swfs runtime deploying air application aot mode ios.finer grained control supported display resolution ios devices deploying air application.hidpi support flash professional.
ActionScript	actionscript access fast memory operationsintrinsicsflash player .released june codenamed geary.release focuses premium video gaming security stability.features planned release include following android captive runtime debugging.support ouya controller.
ActionScript	remote hosting swf files ios.preventing backup shared objects ios better icloud support.flash player .code name harrison adobe planning release version early part second half codenamed harrison.release focused premium video gaming security stability.features release would included following recursive stop api movieclips.
ActionScript	gamepad support desktop browsers android timeline actionscript version – actionscript .release flash september actions flash enhanced named actionscript first time.first version actionscript influences javascript ecma third edition standard supporting said standards object model many core data types.local variables may declared var statement userdefined functions parameter passing return values also created.notably actionscript could also typed text editor rather assembled choosing actions dropdown lists dialog box controls.
ActionScript	next release authoring tool flash mx corresponding player flash player language remained essentially unchanged minor changes addition switch statement strict equality operator brought closer ecmacompliant.two important features actionscript distinguish later versions loose type system reliance prototypebased inheritance.loose typing refers ability variable hold type data.allows rapid script development particularly wellsuited smallscale scripting projects.prototypebased inheritance actionscript .
ActionScript	mechanism code reuse objectoriented programming.instead class keyword defines common characteristics class actionscript .uses special object serves prototype class objects.common characteristics class defined classs prototype object every instance class contains link prototype object.– actionscript .
ActionScript	next major revision language actionscript .introduced september release flash mx corresponding player flash player .response user demand language better equipped larger complex applications actionscript .featured compiletime type checking classbased syntax keywords class extends.while allowed structured objectoriented programming approach code would still compiled actionscript .bytecode allowing used preceding flash player well.in words classbased inheritance syntax layer top existing prototypebased system.
ActionScript	actionscript .developers could constrain variables specific type adding type annotation type mismatch errors could found compiletime.actionscript .also introduced classbased inheritance syntax developers could create classes interfaces much would classbased languages java c. version conformed partially ecmascript fourth edition draft specification.– actionscript .june actionscript .
ActionScript	debuted adobe flex .corresponding player flash player .actionscript .fundamental restructuring language much uses entirely different virtual machine.flash player contains two virtual machines avm code written actionscript .
ActionScript	.avm content written actionscript .. actionscript .added limited support hardware acceleration directx opengl.the update language introduced several new featurescompiletime runtime type checking—type information exists compiletime runtime.improved performance classbased inheritance system separate prototypebased inheritance system.support packages namespaces regular expressions.compiles entirely new type bytecode incompatible actionscript ..bytecode.revised flash player api organized packages.unified event handling system based dom event handling standard.integration ecmascript xml ex purposes xml processing.direct access flash runtime display list complete control gets displayed runtime.completely conforming implementation ecmascript fourth edition draft specification.limited support dynamic objects.
ActionScript	x z rotation texture mapping flash lite flash lite .flash lite flash technology specifically developed mobile phones consumer electronics devices.supports flash actionscript.flash lite .flash actionscript support additional device apis added.flash lite ..
ActionScript	added support flash actionscript .additional fscommand api.flash lite added support flash actionscript .also flv video playback.flash lite added support flash actionscript .browser plugin also hardware graphics acceleration.air adobe air supports actionscript addition extended contents staged engine adobe developed.
ActionScript	number apis application programming interfaces available actionscript .also risen dramatically.syntax actionscript code free form thus may created whichever amount style whitespace author desires.basic syntax derived ecmascript.actionscript .
ActionScript	following code works compliant player creates text field depth position screen measured pixels pixels wide high.text parameter set hello world string automatically displayed playerwhen writing external actionscript .class files example could written file named greeter.as following.actionscript .actionscript .
ActionScript	similar syntax actionscript .different set apis creating objects.compare script previous actionscript .versionminimal actionscript .programs may somewhat larger complicated due increased separation programming language flash ide.presume following file greeter.assee also sprite computer graphicsactionscript also used mxml files using apaches flex framework data structures data types actionscript primarily consists fundamental simple data types used create data types.
ActionScript	data types similar java data types.since actionscript complete rewrite actionscript data types inheritances changed.actionscript top level data typesno string list characters hello worldnumber numeric valueboolean simple binary storage true false.object – object data type complex data types inherit from.allows grouping methods functions parameters objects.actionscript complex data typesthere additional complex data types.processor memory intensive consist many simple data types.data types aremovieclip actionscript creation allows easy usage visible objects.textfield simple dynamic input text field.
ActionScript	inherits movieclip type.button simple button frames states hit.inherits movieclip type.date allows access information specific point time.array allows linear storage data.xml xml objectxmlnode xml nodeloadvars load variables object allows storing send http post http get variablessoundnetstreamnetconnectionmoviecliploadereventlisteneractionscript primitive prime data typesboolean – boolean data type two possible values true false .values valid.int int data type bit integer .null – null data type contains one value boolean.default value string data type classes define complex data types including object class.number number data type represent integers unsigned integers floatingpoint numbers.number data type uses bit doubleprecision format specified ieee standard binary floatingpoint arithmetic ieee.
ActionScript	values stored.string – string data type represents sequence bit characters.strings stored internally unicode characters using utf format.previous versions flash used utf format.uint uint unsigned integer data type bit unsigned integer .void – data type contains one value undefined.previous versions actionscript undefined default value instances object class.actionscript .
ActionScript	default value object instances boolean.actionscript complex data typesarray contains list data.though actionscript strongly typed language contents array may type values must cast back original type retrieval.support typed arrays recently added vector class.date – date object containing datetime digital representation.error – generic error object allows runtime error reporting thrown exception.flash.displaybitmap – nonanimated animated bitmap display object.flash.displaymovieclip – animated movie clip display object flash timeline default movieclip.flash.displayshape – nonanimated vector shape object.flash.displaysimplebutton – simple interactive button type supporting states arbitrary hit area.flash.displaysprite display object container timeline.flash.mediavideo – video playback object supporting direct progressive download streaming rtmp transports.flash player version ... h.mp highdefinition video format also supported alongside standard flash video flv content.flash.texttextfield – dynamic optionally interactive text field object.flash.utilsbytearray – contains array binary byte data.flash.utilsdictionary – dictionaries variant object may contain keys data type whereas object always uses strings keys.function – core class flash method definitions.object – object data type defined object class.object class serves base class class definitions actionscript.
ActionScript	objects basic form used associative arrays contain keyvalue pairs keys strings values may type.regexp – regular expression object strings.vector – variant array supported publishing flash player above.vectors typed dense arrays values must defined boolean may fixedlength boundschecked retrieval.vectors typesafe arrays also perform faster.xml – revised xml object based ex standard ecma nodes attributes accessed differently actionscript .object legacy class named xmldocument provided backwards compatibility.xmllist – arraybased object various content lookups txt class.using data types basic syntax isso order make empty objector informal waysome types automatically put placeunlike objectoriented languages actionscript makes distinction primitive types reference types.
ActionScript	actionscript variables reference types.however objects belong primitive data types includes boolean number int uint string immutable.so variable supposedly primitive type e.g.integer passed function altering variable inside function alter original variable new int object created inside function.variable another primitive datatype e.g.xml passed function altering variable inside function alter original variable well new xml object created.some data types assigned values literalsa reference actionscript pointer instance class.
ActionScript	reference stores memory address object – operations references follow value reference memory address object carry operation object.objects actionscript accessed references instead accessed directly.only references object may removed using delete keyword.removal actual objects data done flash player garbage collector checks existing references flash memory space.none found reference made orphaned object removed memory.reason memory management actionscript requires careful application development planning.
ActionScript	code protection like bytecode file formats flash swf files decompiled source code assets similarly microsoft .net files decompiled.decompilers capable nearly full reconstruction original source file actual code used creation although results vary casebycase basis.in opposition decompilers actionscript obfuscators introduced transform code form breaks decompiler output preserving functionality structure program.higherquality obfuscators implement lexical transformations identifier renaming control flow transformation data abstraction transformation collectively make harder decompilers generate output likely useful human.less robust obfuscators insert traps decompilers.obfuscators either cause decompiler software crash unexpectedly generate unintelligible source code.the following example actionscript .
ActionScript	code generated decompiler program obfuscation.code obfuscationcode obfuscation references external links actionscript technology centeractionscript .language referenceactionscript .language component referencelanguage elementspackage summaryappendixesflex livedocs programming actionscript .adobe – flash developer centeradobe flex sdkwarren tom july .adobe finally kill flash .verge.
Wescom Resources Group	archived original july .retrieved december .ibm undertook effort study quality costs tailored concept use.feigenbaums term quality costs technically accurate easy uninitiated jump conclusion better quality products cost produce.harrington adopted name poor quality costs emphasize belief investment detection prevention product failures offset savings reductions product failures.harrington breaks copq following elements examples white collar copq harrington noted expanding cost analyses management clerical workers could also make significant dent waste.defined following costs functional area cost poor quality inception point damages poor quality augment inception point supply chaintcfp total cost faulty part direct cost manufacturing cost ➔ failure suppliers site bad labor cost assembly testing overhead cost inventory handling shipping costs scrapping cost part attached parts assemblies sometimes assemblies cannot disassembled scrapped altogether rework applying new part instead ➔ failure manufacturers site worse repair recall costs costs associated repairing replacing new part assembly warranty product liability costs costs resulting damages caused faulty part rd parties ➔ failure customers site worst see also gold minequality costs referenceswrg primarily delivers services operations center located anaheim california.history wescom resources group formed cuso wescom credit union supply credit unions seeking similar technology products wescom credit union developed membership.initially cusos products services included online banking bill pay automated lending new member application.leveraged wescoms use integration techniques episys host financial system symitar division jack henry inc. addition cuso offered hosted service bureau platform initial clients.the first services wescom resources group wrg offered credit unions southern california area atm deposit processing kinecta fcu wrgs first atm deposit processing client october .in john best joined wrg lead development projects home electronic banking led wrg development team completing first mobile banking app.wescom among first credit unions deploy native smart phone app nascent android operating system.
Wescom Resources Group	best formed wrg mobile advisory group consisting small number prominent credit unions foster additional collaboration wrg clients.best left wrg.services wescom resources groups flagship product unitri service bureau delivers outsourced core processing backoffice automation network application connectivity data storage backup security client credit unions.platform operates two thirdparty host processing systems – keystone corelation inc. episys symitar division jack henry associates.wrg provides unitri service bureau data processing approximately credit unions.tellergy wrgs recent product interactive teller station application resides multimedia digital display device verifone.
Electronic business	services service bureau processingretail pointofsale terminalscustom programming services referencescommerce constitutes exchange products services businesses groups individuals seen one essential activities business.electronic commerce focuses use information communication technology enable external activities relationships business individuals groups businesses ebusiness refers business help internet.electronic business differs electronic commerce deal online transactions selling buying product andor service also enables conduct business processes inboundoutbound logistics manufacturing operations marketing sales customer service within value chain internal external networks.term ebusiness coined ibms marketing internet team .market participants electronic business electronic business take place large number market participants business consumer private individuals public administrations organizations ngos.these various market participants divided three main groups business b consumer c administration aall either buyers service providers within market.nine possible combinations electronic business relationships.
Electronic business	bc bb belong ecommerce ab aa belong egovernment sector also part electronic business.supply chain management ebusiness development ecommerce industry business activities becoming complex coordinate efficiency business crucial success ecommerce.hence welldeveloped supply chain management key component ecommerce ecommerce industry focusing building appropriate web site also focuses suitable infrastructure welldeveloped supply chain strategy etc.definition supply chain management refers management flow goods services activities connected transforming raw materials final products.goal business maximize customer value gain competitive advantage others.
Electronic business	supply chain management ecommerce industry mainly focuses manufacturing supplying raw materials managing supply demand distribution etc.effective supply chain management ecommerce often gives advantage companies positively leverage new opportunities maximizing profit satisfying meeting customers expectations.welldeveloped supply chain management company chance better success forming right partnership supply network automating business etc.the enabling role ebusiness technologies supply chain organizations development intra inter organizational collaboration impact performance discussed depth article nada sanders.to sum effective supply chain management ecommerce industry needed three main reasonsensuring high service levels stock availabilityencouraging positive customer experience reviews building brand reputationcost efficiency history one founding pillars electronic business development electronic data interchange edi electronic data interchange.system replaced traditional mailing faxing documents digital transfer data one computer another without human intervention.michael aldrich considered developer predecessor online shopping.
Electronic business	entrepreneur connected television set transaction processing computer telephone line called teleshopping meaning shopping distance.from midnineties major advancements made commercial use internet.amazon launched started online bookstore grew become nowadays largest online retailer worldwide selling food toys electronics apparel more.successful stories online marketplaces include ebay etsy.ibm agency ogilvy mather began use foundation solutions expertise market leader conducting business internet term ebusiness.ceo louis v. gerstner jr. prepared invest billion market new brand.after conducting worldwide market research october ibm began eightpage piece wall street journal would introduce concept ebusiness advertise ibms expertise new field.
Electronic business	ibm decided trademark term ebusiness hopes companies would use term create entirely new industry.however proved successful differentiate ibm launched million campaign ebusiness infrastructure capabilities.since time terms ebusiness ecommerce loosely interchangeable become part common vernacular.according u.s. department commerce estimated retail ecommerce sales q representing almost total u.s. retail sales q .business model transformation toward ebusiness complex order succeed need balance strategy adapted business model eintermediary marketplaces right processes sales marketing technology supply chain management customer relationship management.. organizations go online decide ebusiness models best suit goals.business model defined organization product service information flows source revenues benefits suppliers customers.
Electronic business	concept ebusiness model used online presence.revenue model key component business model revenue model profit model framework generating revenues.identifies revenue source pursue value offer price value pays value.key component companys business model.primarily identifies product service created order generate revenues ways product service sold.without welldefined revenue model clear plan generate revenues new businesses likely struggle due costs able sustain.
Electronic business	revenue model business focus target audience fund development plans product service establish marketing plans begin line credit raise capital.ecommerce ecommerce short electronic commerce trading products services using computer networks internet.electronic commerce draws technologies mobile commerce electronic funds transfer supply chain management internet marketing online transaction processing electronic data interchange edi inventory management systems automated data collection.modern electronic commerce typically uses world wide web least one part transactions life cycle although may also use technologies email.customer relationship management ebusiness customer relationship management crm strategy used build relationships interactions customers potentialfuture customers.
Electronic business	crm provides better customer service allowing companies analyze past current future customers variety levels.one elements essential business including ecommerce allows companies grow succeed.cannot done without technology.formation bonds customers company.crm impacts ecommerce sites becoming essential part business successes.
Electronic business	interactively collecting considering customer data helps build companys ecrm capability leads companys corporate success.goal crm establish profitable long term relationship customers understanding needs expectations.strategy using different approaches software applications software service.ecommerce crm ecrm primarily focuses customer experiences sales conducted online.e crm software ability analyze customer information sales patterns record store data websites metrics exampleconversion ratescustomer clickthrough rateemail subscription optinswhich products customers interested concerns much written economic advantages internetenabled commerce also evidence aspects internet maps locationaware services may serve reinforce economic inequality digital divide.electronic commerce may responsible consolidation decline momandpop brick mortar businesses resulting increases income inequality.
Electronic business	author andrew keen longtime critic social transformations caused internet recently focused economic effects consolidation internet businesses since businesses employ much fewer people per dollar sales traditional retailers.security ebusiness systems naturally greater security risks traditional business systems therefore important ebusiness systems fully protected risks.far greater number people access ebusinesses internet would access traditional business.customers suppliers employees numerous people use particular ebusiness system daily expect confidential information stay secure.hackers one great threats security ebusinesses.
Electronic business	common security concerns ebusinesses include keeping business customer information private confidential authenticity data data integrity.methods protecting ebusiness security keeping information secure include physical security measures well data storage data transmission antivirus software firewalls encryption list few.privacy confidentiality confidentiality extent businesses makes personal information available businesses individuals.business confidential information must remain secure accessible intended recipient.however becomes even difficult dealing ebusinesses specifically.
Electronic business	keep information secure means protecting electronic records files unauthorized access well ensuring safe transmission data storage information.tools encryption firewalls manage specific concern within ebusiness.authenticity ebusiness transactions pose greater challenges establishing authenticity due ease electronic information may altered copied.parties ebusiness transaction want assurance party claim especially customer places order submits payment electronically.one common way ensure limit access network trusted parties using virtual private network vpn technology.
Electronic business	establishment authenticity even greater combination techniques used techniques involve checking something know i.e.password pin something need i.e.credit card something i.e.digital signatures voice recognition methods.many times ebusiness however something pretty strongly verified checking purchasers something i.e.
Electronic business	credit card something know i.e.card number.data integrity data integrity answers question information changed corrupted way leads assurance message received identical message sent.business needs confident data changed transit whether deliberately accident.help data integrity firewalls protect stored data unauthorized access simply backing data allows recovery data equipment damaged.
Electronic business	nonrepudiation concern deals existence proof transaction.business must assurance receiving party purchaser cannot deny transaction occurred means sufficient evidence prove transaction.one way address nonrepudiation using digital signatures.digital signature ensures message document electronically signed person since digital signature created one person also ensures person cannot later deny provided signature.access control certain electronic resources information limited authorized individuals business customers must assurance one else access systems information.
Electronic business	variety techniques address concern including firewalls access privileges user identification authentication techniques passwords digital certificates virtual private networks vpn much more.availability concern specifically pertinent businesss customers certain information must available customers need it.messages must delivered reliable timely fashion information must stored retrieved required.availability service important ebusiness websites steps must taken prevent disruption service events power outages damage physical infrastructure.examples address include data backup firesuppression systems uninterrupted power supply ups systems virus protection well making sure sufficient capacity handle demands posed heavy network traffic.
Electronic business	cost structure business internet supports ebusiness cost maintain trillion outsourced dollars united states alone.website custom crafted maintained code maintenance burden enormous.twentyfirst century look new businesses help standardize look feel internet presence business uniform nature help reduce cost maintenance.the cost structure ebusinesses varies lot industry operate in.two major categories commune characteristics.first group fully digital businesses dont provide product services outside digital world.
Electronic business	includes example software companies social networks etc.significant operational cost maintenance platform.costs almost unrelated every additional customer business acquires making marginal cost almost equal zero.one major advantages kind business.second group businesses provide services products outside digital world like online shops costs much harder determine.
Electronic business	common advantages traditional businesses lower marketing cost lower inventory cost lower payroll lower rent etc.security solutions comes security solutions sustainable electronic business requires support data integrity strong authentication privacy.numerous things done order protect ebusiness.starting basic things like switch https old outdated http protocol vulnerable attacks.furthermore things require full attention securing servers admin panels payment gateway security antivirus antimalware software using firewalls also must regular updates back data.
Electronic business	access data integrity several different ways prevent access data kept online.one way use antivirus software.something people use protect networks regardless data have.ebusinesses use sure information sent received system clean.a second way protect data use firewalls network protection.firewall used restrict access private networks well public networks company may use.
Electronic business	firewall also ability log attempts network provide warnings happening.beneficial keep third parties network.businesses use wifi need consider different forms protection networks easier someone access.look protected access virtual private networks internet protocol security.another option intrusion detection system.system alerts possible intrusions.
Electronic business	companies set traps hot spots attract people able know someone trying hack area.encryption encryption actually part cryptography involves transforming texts messages code unreadable.messages decrypted order understandable usable someone.key identifies data certain person company.publickey encryption actually two keys used.

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