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Daylight saving time | permanent daylight saving time move permanent daylight saving time staying summer hours year time shifts sometimes advocated currently implemented jurisdictions argentina belarus iceland kyrgyzstan morocco namibia saskatchewan singapore turkey turkmenistan uzbekistan yukon.although saskatchewan follows central standard... |
Daylight saving time | united kingdom ireland also experimented yearround summer time put clocks forward extra hour world war ii.in united states florida washington california oregon legislatures passed bills enact permanent dst bills require congressional approval order take effect.maine massachusetts new hampshire rhode island also introdu... |
Daylight saving time | october decision confirmed council european union.council asked commission produce detailed impact assessment commission considers onus member states find common position council.result progress issue effectively blocked.experts circadian rhythms sleep caution permanent daylight saving time recommending yearround stand... |
Daylight saving time | four peer reviewers provided expert critiques initial submission srbr executive board approved revised manuscript position paper help educate public evaluation current legislative actions end dst.the world federation societies chronobiology stated scientific literature strongly argues switching dst standard time even a... |
Daylight saving time | depending latitude longitude calendar date forces workers schoolchildren begin winter day darkness.enactment emergency daylight saving time act united states complaints children going school dark working people commuting starting work day pitch darkness winter months.complaints led repeal act october standard time rest... |
Memory hierarchy | complaints also led russia abandoning dst instituting standard time year round .country region daylight saving time africadaylight saving time asiasummer time europedaylight saving time americasdaylight saving time oceania see also winter time clock lag references sources reading external links daylight saving time con... |
Memory hierarchy | limit waiting higher levels lower level respond filling buffer signaling activating transfer.there four major storage levels.internal – processor registers cache.main – system ram controller cards.online mass storage – secondary storage.offline bulk storage – tertiary offline storage.this general memory hierarchy struc... |
Memory hierarchy | examples number levels memory hierarchy performance level increased time.type memory storage components also change historically.example memory hierarchy intel haswell mobile processor circa isprocessor registers – fastest possible access usually cpu cycle.thousand bytes sizecachelevel l micro operations cache – bytes ... |
Memory hierarchy | best access speed around gbslevel l shared cache – mib size.best access speed around gbslevel l shared cache – mib size.best access speed around gbsmain memory primary storage – gib size.best access speed around gbs.case numa machine access times may uniformdisk storage secondary storage – terabytes size. |
Memory hierarchy | best access speed consumer solid state drive mbsnearline storage tertiary storage – exabytes size.best access speed mbsoffline storagethe lower levels hierarchy – disks downwards – also known tiered storage.formal distinction online nearline offline storage isonline storage immediately available io.nearline storage imm... |
Memory hierarchy | sometimes called space cost larger memory object likely overflow smallfast level require use largerslower level.resulting load memory use known pressure respectively register pressure cache pressure main memory pressure.terms data missing higher level needing fetched lower level respectively register spilling due regis... |
Wireless | memory hierarchy assessed code refactoring.see also cache hierarchyuse spatial temporal locality hierarchical memorybuffer vs. cachecache hierarchy modern processormemory wallcomputer memoryhierarchical storage managementcloud storagememory access patterncommunicationavoiding algorithm referencescommon wireless technol... |
Wireless | initially used first radio transmitting receiving technology wireless telegraphy new word radio replaced around .radios uk portable continued referred wireless sets s. term revived mainly distinguish digital devices communicate without wires examples listed previous paragraph require wires cables.became primary usage d... |
Wireless | use form energy e.g.radio waves acoustic energy transfer information without use wires.information transferred manner short long distances.history photophone first wireless telephone conversation occurred alexander graham bell charles sumner tainter invented photophone telephone sent audio beam light.photophone require... |
Wireless | factors greatly decreased viability photophone practical use.would several decades photophones principles found first practical applications military communications later fiberoptic communications.electric wireless technology early wireless number wireless electrical signaling schemes including sending electric current... |
Wireless | marconi soon developed system transmitting signals way beyond distances anyone could predicted due part signals bouncing unknown ionosphere.marconi karl ferdinand braun awarded nobel prize physics contribution form wireless telegraphy.millimetre wave communication first investigated jagadish chandra bose – reached extr... |
Wireless | modes wireless communications via radio radio microwave communication carry information modulating properties electromagnetic waves transmitted space.specifically transmitter generates artificial electromagnetic waves applying timevarying electric currents antenna.waves travel away antenna eventually reach antenna rece... |
Wireless | free space means light beams travel open air outer space.contrasts communication technologies use light beams traveling transmission lines optical fiber dielectric light pipes.the technology useful physical connections impractical due high costs considerations.example free space optical links used cities office buildin... |
Wireless | electromagnetic induction electromagnetic induction allows shortrange communication power transmission.used biomedical situations pacemakers well shortrange rfid tags.services common examples wireless equipment includeinfrared ultrasonic remote control devicesprofessional lmr land mobile radio smr specialized mobile ra... |
Wireless | frequencies radio spectrum available use communication treated public resource regulated organizations american federal communications commission ofcom united kingdom international itur european etsi.regulations determine frequency ranges used purpose whom.absence control alternative arrangements privatized electromagn... |
Wireless | billion mobile cellular subscriptions worldwide end .wireless phones use radio waves signaltransmission towers enable users make phone calls many locations worldwide.used within range mobile telephone site used house equipment required transmit receive radio signals instruments.data communications wireless data communi... |
Wireless | supporting technologies includewifi wireless local area network enables portable computing devices connect easily devices peripherals internet.standardized ieee .b g n ac ax wifi link speeds similar older standards wired ethernet.wifi become de facto standard access private homes within offices public hotspots.business... |
Wireless | speeds increased technologies evolved earlier technologies gsm cdma gprs g g networks wcdma edge cdma.proposed next generation g.lowpower widearea networks lpwan bridge gap wifi cellular low bitrate internet things iot applications.mobilesatellite communications may used wireless connections unavailable largely rural a... |
Wireless | originally units used bulky highly local transceivers mediate computer keyboard mouse however recent generations used smaller higherperformance devices.radiofrequency interfaces bluetooth wireless usb provide greater ranges efficient use usually feet distance physical obstacles competing signals even human bodies degra... |
Wireless | energy transferred using either farfield methods involve beaming powerlasers radio microwave transmissions nearfield using electromagnetic induction.wireless energy transfer may combined wireless information transmission known wireless powered communication.researchers university washington demonstrated farfield energy... |
SyQuest Technology | technology helps intentional unintentional risk infection disconnection arise wired connections.categories implementations devices standards see also references reading external links nets webs information infrastructure wikibookswireless curliebibliography history wireless radio broadcastingsir jagadis chandra bose ma... |
SyQuest Technology | history company named partially founder syed iftikar company meeting wherein decided syquest ought shortened name sys quest.its earliest product family .mm cartridge disk drives associated qpak cartridges achieved limited success government markets removable media required security purposes.in syquest announced sq sq a... |
SyQuest Technology | core desktop publishing customers began increasingly use cdr media ftp transfer files iomegas zip drives dominated small officehome office soho market.period sales declined resulting series losses.first quarter losses reduced .million net revenues increasing .million. |
SyQuest Technology | compares net loss .million .per share net revenues .million period year before.in august cut staff syquest subsequently filed bankruptcy portions company purchased iomega corp. january .syquest retained rights sell remaining inventory condition renaming syqt order continue operations. |
SyQuest Technology | several subsequent years web site sold disk drives media provided software downloads support products.january web site ceased exist.domain available purchase chinese market.a website located http last updated july offers contact information product repair technical support.products syquests product line included device... |
SyQuest Technology | mb..mbitsec.msec tracktotrack.rpm. |
SyQuest Technology | bpi.cyl heads disc.sqf fixeddisk hard drive..mb.sqf fixeddisk hard drive.. |
SyQuest Technology | mb using mfm encoding.specs cylinders heads wpc rwc fastest step rate.sqf fixeddisk hard drive..mb.supports mfm rll encoding. |
SyQuest Technology | specs cylinders heads wpc rwc fastest step rate.removable media drives formatted capacitysqrd drivesq disk.mb using mfm encoding.sqrd drivesq disk syquest used sq model number desktop drive .mb using mfm encoding.sqrd drivesq disk.mb using rll encoding mb using mfm encoding.sq drivedisk – mb .iota series.sq drivesq dis... |
SyQuest Technology | also used atari megafile review atari start magazine march sold part emu systems rm – removable media storage system.sq drivesq disk – mb .. internal scsi.compatible sq disk.sqc drivesq disk – mb .internal scsi.external desktop version sqc named sq confused earlier model sq mb disks.compatible sq sq disks.sq drivesq di... |
SyQuest Technology | compatible sq disk.ez aka ezdrive ez disk – mb .removabledisk hard drive.competitor iomegas zip drive.available scsi ide parallel port versions.ezflyer aka ezflyer driveez disk – mb .removabledisk hard drive. |
SyQuest Technology | ez compatible.positioned upgrade ez.syjet drivesq disk – .gb removabledisk hard drive.competitor iomegas jaz drive.sparq drivesparq disk – .gb . |
SyQuest Technology | removabledisk hard drive.lower cost per mb syjet.quest drivequest disc – .gb removabledisk hard drive.pc magazine definition.available short time .the . |
Rackspace Cloud | removabledisk hard drives mb mb mb capacities mostly used macintosh systems via scsi interface.see also jaz drive competing storage technology references external links syquest thefreedictionary.cominterview syed iftikar syquest member computerhistory.orgofferings include cloud storage cloud files virtual private serve... |
Rackspace Cloud | rackspace rebranded rackspace open cloud company.rackspace rebranded rackspace managed cloud company.services cloud files cloud files cloud hosting service provides unlimited online storage cdn media examples given include backups video files user content utility computing basis.originally launched mosso cloudfs privat... |
Rackspace Cloud | jungle disk previously also owned rackspace allows cloud files mounted local drive within supported operating systems linux mac os x windows.securityredundancy achieved replicating three full copies data across multiple computers multiple zones within data center zones physically though geographically separate supplied... |
Rackspace Cloud | cloud servers cloud servers cloud infrastructure service allows users deploy one hundreds cloud servers instantly create advanced high availability architectures similar amazon elastic compute cloud.cloud servers virtual machines running xen hypervisor linuxbased instances citrix xenserver windows linux instances.quad ... |
Rackspace Cloud | much cheaper generally easier use traditional dedicated server though still necessary maintain operating system solution stack required cloud sites product.one main differentiators two services cloud servers includes full root access thus allows customisation cloud sites product less flexible requires less maintenance.... |
Rackspace Cloud | performance platform minimum charge one server .gb instance minimum service charge total .month.rackspace quietly phasing older less expensive products transition managed platform mandatory support charges incorporated cost services.cloud tools applications infrastructure software built run rackspace cloud.applications... |
Rackspace Cloud | addition issuing basic management commands enables elastic scenarios whereby servers instantiated destroyed response fluctuating load one key characteristics cloud computing.rightscale among thirdparty providers announced support api.former services cloud sites cloud sites platform service offering owned liquid web sim... |
Rackspace Cloud | allows unlimited number sites databases email accounts includes reseller options client billing support.touted fastest way put sites cloud runs windows linux applications across hundreds servers.cloud sites supports php perl python mysql .net .asp microsoft sql server application frameworks.in cloud sites division sold... |
Rackspace Cloud | also possible set multiple top level domains point web root directory..net environment dropped support full trust favour modified medium trust despite previously announced blog able work directly microsoft engineer system could accommodate full trust without compromising security scalability performance users.locations... |
Rackspace Cloud | control panel online control panel custom built rackspace cloud service opposed using control panel software like cpanel.the control panel includes management interfaces cloud sites cloud servers cloud files services.web based file manager removed undisclosed reasons.also allows users manage multiple clients plans prod... |
Stratus VOS | openstack rackspace contributed source code cloud files product openstack project apache license become openstack object storage component.in april rackspace announced would implement openstack compute underlying technology cloud servers product.change come new control panel well addon cloud services offering databases... |
Stratus VOS | programming languages make vos system calls e.g.sseqread read record file extensions support varyinglength strings pli style.developers typically code favourite vos text editor offline compiling system vos ide applications.in history stratus offered hardware platforms based motorola microprocessor family ft xa series i... |
Stratus VOS | capabilities point many usermode opensource packages successfully built.reason beginning release .stratus renamed vos openvos.stratus offers supported ports samba openssl openssh gnu privacy guard openldap berkeley db mysql community server apache ibm websphere mq community edition java.numeric values vos always big en... |
Stratus VOS | vos command macros accept arguments commandline via user interface form.arguments defined beginning command macro parameters section.language supports range statements including ifthenelse boolean operations loops goto excellent error reporting.command macro language executed interactive noninteractive batch started pr... |
Stratus VOS | led stratus limit capabilities command macro language.the macro language lacks support userdefined functions easily support include files.string handling prone errors especially embedded control characters.overview vos coded mainly pli small amount assembly language migrated ftserver series.system written pli c assembl... |
Stratus VOS | example processes user name process name.former used vos determine processs access rights external devices items file system.fundamental significance processs privileged flag binary attribute.privileged processes may perform privileged operations.mechanism used restrict certain potentially powerful operations system wi... |
Stratus VOS | shutting system dismounting hard disk etc.. distribution vos distributed stratus technologies.distribution media .mm dat tape continuum sdlt tape early v series platforms.openvos release .stratus offers support distributing openvos dvd downloading release file. |
Stratus VOS | software installations may done stratus field engineer customers system administrator.interface commandline interface main powerful user interface vos system.users may locked form based subsystem command macro scripts required although skilled user would able break get commandline access.fact possible stratus system ad... |
Stratus VOS | parameters also hidden using secret tag made mandatory.all commands vos defined full underbars separate words.example changecurrentdir changes working directory.vos help system uses convention assist users looking subset possible commands instance referring change found help match change.users may customize command int... |
Stratus VOS | systems typically used safetycritical missioncritical applications typically banks hospitals telecommunications transaction processing companies.communications vos supports following protocolstcpipx.snasdlcqllcasyncbisynclapbpollselectrjehaspalcslcvisa s.w.i.f.t.nasdaq fas chips amexmq seriesolder versions vos implemen... |
Stratus VOS | mean loss functionality os tcpip supported several functions osicompliant therefore abandoned.ftserver hardware v series runs supports tcpip x. x. equipped optional nio.websphere mq .a.k.a.mq series tcpip based also supported ftserver hardware. |
Stratus VOS | devices supporting legacy protocols run continuum hardware may accessed current hardware open stratalink network.fault tolerance fault tolerance built vos bottom up.hardware level major devices run lockstepped duplex mode meaning two identical devices performing action time.addition device board also duplexed order ide... |
Stratus VOS | boards report unacceptable number faults removed service system duplexed board continue operation problem resolved via hotfix.includes cpus disk drives device logically duplexed definition excludes communications devices.system continue processing normal automatically raise fault ticket stratus customer service via rsn... |
Stratus VOS | vos file one indexes used cisam database table.vos uses proprietary file naming syntax includes system name module name disk number directory components separated symbol.typically system disk housed module cpu system file vos cluster would referenced assystemmdsystemdevices.tablevos disk allocation memory organised blo... |
Stratus VOS | paging files theory consist one extent viewed kernel minipaging partition may may contiguous.however noncontiguous extents recommended greatly increase disk activity.admin create largest possible extent paging files early possible system booted.file system security vos supports write read execute null access files dire... |
Stratus VOS | read access required run executable program provided user status access directory program resides.vos inherited access control lists multics also implements directory access control lists.file access control list containing directorys default access control list applies.access devices typically controlled creating file... |
Stratus VOS | virtually every system call native api parameter determines computer operation affects.operation isnt local redirected target computer via remote subroutine call.example file names parsed indicate computer file resides on.the stratalink networking model two level hierarchy naming computers computer called module module... |
Stratus VOS | result file name begins system name refers files computers opened without need special networking.true devices.system entities processes referenced using module names written systemmodule.vos system module names defined relationship ip addresses domain names—the vos api developed late —before internet widely adopted lo... |
Trusted Computing | using open stratalink protocols wide area communications also referred stratanet.see also comparison command shellstandem computers references external links official openvos websitecomp.sys.stratusstratus public ftp serverstratus documentation siteterm taken field trusted systems specialized meaning.core idea trusted ... |
Trusted Computing | also claim trusted computing allow computers servers offer improved computer security currently available.opponents often claim technology used primarily enforce digital rights management policies imposed restrictions owner increase computer security.chip manufacturers intel amd hardware manufacturers hp dell operating... |
Trusted Computing | consortium members including microsoft intel baidu red hat meta.key concepts trusted computing encompasses six key technology concepts required fully trusted system system compliant tcg specificationsendorsement keysecure input outputmemory curtaining protected executionsealed storageremote attestationtrusted third par... |
Trusted Computing | even operating system full access curtained memory.exact implementation details vendor specific.sealed storage sealed storage protects private information binding platform configuration information including software hardware used.means data released particular combination software hardware.sealed storage used drm enfo... |
Trusted Computing | example users keep song computer licensed listened able play it.currently user locate song listen send someone else play software choice back cases use circumvention software decrypt it.alternatively user may use software modify operating systems drm routines leak song data say temporary license acquired.using sealed s... |
Trusted Computing | remote attestation remote attestation allows changes users computer detected authorized parties.example software companies identify unauthorized changes software including users tampering software circumvent commercial digital rights restrictions.works hardware generate certificate stating software currently running.co... |
Trusted Computing | combined technologies provides restricted path music encrypted io prevents user recording transmitted audio subsystem memory locking prevents dumped regular disk files worked sealed storage curtails unauthorized access saved hard drive remote attestation prevents unauthorized software accessing song even used computers... |
Trusted Computing | assure bob alice able use malicious software compromise sensitive information computer.unfortunately order alice inform bob using registered “safe” software hardware thereby potentially uniquely identifying bob.this might problem one wishes identified party e.g.banking transactions internet.many types communicating act... |
Trusted Computing | done developing “trusted third party”.entity work intermediary user computer user users.essay focus latter process process referred remote attestation.when user requires aik attestation identity key user wants key certified ca certification authority.user tpm trusted platform module sends three credentials public key c... |
Trusted Computing | ek split two main parts private part ekpr public part ekpub.ekpr never leaves tpm.disclosure ekpub however necessary version .. ekpub uniquely identify endorser platform model kind software currently used platform details tpm platform pc complies tcg specifications.information communicated directly another party proces... |
Trusted Computing | information verified create certified secondary key pair aik sends credential back requestor.intended provide user anonymity.user certified aik use communicate trusted platforms.in version .tcg developed new method obtaining certified aik.process called daa direct anonymous attestation. |
Trusted Computing | method require user disclose hisher ekpub ttp.unique new feature daa ability convince remote entity particular tpm trusted platform module valid tpm without disclosing ekpub unique identifier.tpm send certification request aik remote entity tpm generate set daa credentials.done interacting issuer.daa credentials create... |
Trusted Computing | tpm secret similar analogous ek.tpm obtained set daa credentials send verifier.verifier receives daa credentials ttp verify send certified aik back user.user able communicate trusted parties using certified aik.verifier may may trusted third party ttp. |
Trusted Computing | verifier determine whether daa credentials valid daa credentials contain unique information discloses tpm platform.example would user wants trusted status sends request issuer.issuer could manufacturer users platform e.g.compaq.compaq would check tpm produced valid one issues daa credentials. |
Trusted Computing | next step daa credentials sent user verifier.mentioned might standard ttp could also different entity.verifier accepts daa supplied produce certified aik.certified aik used user communicate trusted platforms.summary new version introduces separate entity assist anonymous attestation process. |
Trusted Computing | introducing issuer supplies daa one able sufficiently protect users anonymity towards verifierttp.issuer commonly platform manufacturer.without credentials probably difficult private customer small business organization convince others genuine trusted platform.known applications microsoft products windows vista windows... |
Trusted Computing | possible applications digital rights management trusted computing would allow companies create digital rights management drm system would hard circumvent though impossible.example downloading music file.sealed storage could used prevent user opening file unauthorized player computer.remote attestation could used author... |
Trusted Computing | circumventing system would require either manipulation computers hardware capturing analogue thus degraded signal using recording device microphone breaking security system.new business models use software services internet may boosted technology.strengthening drm system one could base business model renting programs s... |
Trusted Computing | verification remote computation grid computing trusted computing could used guarantee participants grid computing system returning results computations claim instead forging them.would allow large scale simulations run say climate simulation without expensive redundant computations guarantee malicious hosts undermining... |
Trusted Computing | concerns trusted computing would anticompetitive effect market.there concern amongst critics always possible examine hardware components trusted computing relies trusted platform module ultimate hardware system core root trust platform reside.implemented correctly presents security risk overall platform integrity prote... |
Trusted Computing | trusting networked computers controlling authorities rather individuals may create digital imprimaturs.cryptographer ross anderson university cambridge great concerns thattc support remote censorship ... general digital objects created using tc systems remain control creators rather control person owns machine happen s... |
Trusted Computing | five years time received tcprotected documents perhaps thousand different clients would get permission form signed digital certificates clients order migrate files new platform.law firm wont practice want much tightly locked enable microsoft hike prices.anderson summarizes case sayingthe fundamental issue whoever contr... |
Trusted Computing | example might want user play file three times day without paying additional money.also could use remote attestation send music music player enforces rules sealed storage would prevent user opening file another player enforce restrictions.memory curtaining would prevent user making unrestricted copy file playing secure ... |
Trusted Computing | currently web sites visited using number web browsers though certain websites may formatted browsers cannot decipher code.browsers found way get around problem emulating browsers.remote attestation website could check internet browser used refuse display browser specified one like internet explorer even emulating brows... |
Trusted Computing | steps implicit trusted computing practical effect preventing users exercising legal rights.users vulnerable vendor withdrawal service service requires external validation permission music file game requires connection vendor confirm permission play use vulnerable service withdrawn longer updated.number incidents alread... |
Trusted Computing | override would allow remote attestation users specification e.g.create certificates say internet explorer running even different browser used.instead preventing software change remote attestation would indicate software changed without owners permission.trusted computing group members refused implement owner override.p... |
Trusted Computing | scenario data sent someone elses computer whether diary drm music file joint project person controls security computer enforce copy data.potential undermine applications trusted computing enforce drm control cheating online games attest remote computations grid computing.loss anonymity trusted computing equipped comput... |
Trusted Computing | one common way information obtained linked user registers computer purchase.another common way user provides identifying information website affiliate vendor.while proponents tc point online purchases credit transactions could potentially secure result remote attestation capability may cause computer user lose expectat... |
Trusted Computing | dynamic information described software running computer.program like windows registered users name turn uniquely identify user.another dimension privacy infringing capabilities might also introduced new technology often use programs might possible information provided ttp.exceptional however practical situation user pu... |
Trusted Computing | adds new dimension possible privacy infringement.extent data supplied ttpverifiers present exactly known technology implemented used able assess exact nature volume data transmitted.tcg specification interoperability problems trusted computing requests software hardware vendors follow technical specifications released ... |
Trusted Computing | shutting competing products people voiced concerns trusted computing could used keep discourage users running software created companies outside small industry group.microsoft received great deal bad press surrounding palladium software architecture evoking comments pieces vaporware evoked higher level fear uncertainty... |
Trusted Computing | proposed encryptiondecryption chips privatepublic key permanently embedded hardware manufactured hardware manufacturers would opportunity record key without leaving evidence so.key would possible access data encrypted authenticate it.trivial manufacturer give copy key government software manufacturers platform must go ... |
Trusted Computing | hardware software support since major manufacturers shipped systems included trusted platform modules associated bios support.accordance tcg specifications user must enable trusted platform module used.the linux kernel included trusted computing support since version .. several projects implement trusted computing linu... |
URL shortening | achieved using redirect links web page long url.example url httpsexample.comassetscategorybsubcategorycfoo shortened httpsexample.comfoo url httpsen.wikipedia.orgwikiurlshortening shortened httpsw.wikiu.often redirect domain name shorter original one.friendly url may desired messaging technologies limit number characte... |
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