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She didn't, and over the next couple of weeks, I reluctantly performed meaningless calculations, (Laughter) finding imaginary solutions to quadratic equations. | No lo hizo y durante las siguientes semanas, a regañadientes realicé cálculos sin sentido, (Risas) encontrar soluciones imaginarias a ecuaciones cuadráticas. | en-es |
(Laughter) But then something amazing happened. | (ضحك) ثم حدث أمر رائع. | en-ar |
We began finding elegant solutions to real-world problems we previously had no answers to, starting with the complex world of imaginary numbers. | كنا نجد حلولًا أنيقة لمشكلات العالم الحقيقي التي لم نحلها من قبل، بدءًا بالعالم المركب للأعداد التخيلية. | en-ar |
So some mathematician 500 years ago decides to have some fun and make up these imaginary numbers, and because of that we can now derive these amazing identities with applications in the real world, in fields like electrical engineering. | 500 anni fa, qualche matematico decise di divertirsi un po' e inventò questi numeri immaginari. Grazie a ciò, oggi possiamo derivare queste formidabili identità, con applicazioni nel mondo reale, in campi come l'ingegneria elettronica. | en-it |
Wow! | Wow! | en-it |
I gained a whole new level of appreciation for mathematics. | Я почав цінувати математику ще більше. | en-uk |
And after my brief mistrust, I was now in love with the subject more than ever. | وبعد تشككي القصير، أصبحت أحب هذه المادة أكثر من قبل. | en-ar |
Francis Su, the mathematician, sums it up beautifully when he says, "We study mathematics for play, for beauty, for truth, for justice and for love." | Francis Su, le mathématicien, le résume magnifiquement quand il dit : « Nous étudions les maths pour le jeu, la beauté, la vérité, la justice et l'amour. | en-fr |
But if you ask a student today, you'll probably hear a different story. | Mas se perguntarem a um estudante hoje, certamente vão ouvir uma outra história. | en-pt-br |
You might hear "difficult" and "boring." | 아마 어렵고 지루하다고 하겠죠. | en-ko |
And they might be right about difficult. | Y podrían tener razón acerca de lo difícil. | en-es |
But it's certainly not boring. | но в математике нет ничего скучного. | en-ru |
In fact, I'd say being difficult to master is part of what makes it beautiful. | Взагалі, я вважаю, саме те, що її важко опанувати, робить її красивою. | en-uk |
Because nothing worth doing is easy. | เพราะว่าไม่มีอะไรที่มีคุณค่าหรอกที่จะง่าย | en-th |
So we need students to stick around long enough through the difficult parts to appreciate the beauty when it all ties together. | 所以我們需要學生能夠 撐久一點，撐過困難的部分， 才能在一切結合起來時 欣賞它的美麗。 | en-zh-tw |
Much like I did for that brief couple of weeks in high school. | 就像我在高中時那短短幾週的情況。 | en-zh-tw |
Unfortunately, our school systems -- we move students through mathematics in a lockstep process. | Niestety w naszym systemie edukacyjnym uczniowie uczą się matematyki blokami. | en-pl |
So those who fall a little behind find it near impossible to ever catch up and appreciate that beauty. | Stoga, oni koji malo zaostanu pronalaze da je skoro nemoguće da ikada ponovo sve pohvataju i cene tu lepotu. | en-sr |
But why is this a problem? | Mas por que é um problema? | en-pt-br |
Well today, more than ever, our world needs every citizen to be skilled in mathematics. | 今日では これまで以上に 万人が数学に通じていることを 世間から要求されています | en-ja |
With the advent of artificial intelligence and automation, many of the jobs we see today will either not exist or be transformed to require less routine work and more analysis and application of expertise. | Con l'avvento dell'automazione, e delle intelligenze artificiali, molti dei lavori che vedete oggi o non esisteranno più o saranno trasformati per richiedere minor lavoro di routine, maggiore analisi e applicazione delle competenze. | en-it |
But we're not producing the extra mathematics students to fill these new roles. | Mais nous ne produisons pas assez d'étudiants en maths pour remplir ces rôles. | en-fr |
This graph shows the number of students taking Standard Mathematics and Advanced Mathematics over a period of 20 years in Australia. | Este gráfico muestra la cantidad de estudiantes que toman Matemáticas Estándar y Matemáticas Avanzadas en un período de 20 años en Australia. | en-es |
It's clear that while we have demand for mathematics skills rapidly increasing, supply is in steady decline. | 확실히 수학 능력에 대한 수요는 급증하고 있지만 공급은 계속 줄고 있습니다. | en-ko |
To put things in perspective, half of the students completing high school today in Australia are not prepared to understand any argument about rates of change in data. | 也就是说， 如今在澳大利亚，一半高中毕业生 都不能够完全理解 有关数据变化率的 任何论点。 | en-zh-cn |
In this digital age where fake news can influence election results, this is very concerning. | 现在可是数字时代， 假新闻都能够影响选举结果， 这非常令人担忧。 | en-zh-cn |
Let me give you a concrete example. | 구체적인 예를 들어 볼까요? | en-ko |
Let's take a closer look at that graph. | osserviamo il grafico più da vicino. | en-it |
Can everyone see what I've done there to stress my point? | 強調するために私が何をやったか 分かりますか？ | en-ja |
If you can't, let me show you now, with the vertical axis starting at zero, where it should be. | إن لم تفعلوا، فدعوني أريكم الآن، ببدء المحور الرأسي من صفر حيث ينبغي أن يكون. | en-ar |
There, you see it now, right? | Ali, dá para ver agora, certo? | en-pt-br |
It's the exact same data but I've manipulated the representation to influence you. | Це точно такі ж дані, але я змінив їх вигляд, аби справити на вас більше враження. | en-uk |
And that's cool, that's my job up here. | Forte, eh? Fin qui è il mio lavoro. | en-it |
(Laughter) But in all seriousness, unless we do something to drastically improve student engagement with mathematics, we'll not only have a huge skills shortage crisis but a fickle population, easily manipulated by whoever can get the most air time. | （笑） 冗談はさておき 学生の数学に対する関わりを 大幅に改善するために何とかしなければ 計り知れない人材難に陥るだけでなく 広告を最大限に利用する連中に 容易に左右される 移り気な人々が 増えることになります | en-ja |
So what's the solution? | では 解決策は？ | en-ja |
There are a lot of things we have to do. | خیلی کارها هست که باید انجام بدهیم. | en-fa |
We need curriculum reform. | Ми потребуємо освітньої реформи. | en-uk |
We need our best and brightest encouraged to become teachers. | побуждать самых лучших и способных становиться учителями, | en-ru |
We need to put an end to high-stakes tests and instead follow a mastery-based learning approach. | farla finita coi test di selezione e prediligere una didattica basata sulla padronanza. | en-it |
But all these things take time. | Ancak tüm bunlar zaman alıyor. | en-tr |
And I'm impatient. | それに私はせっかちです | en-ja |
See, I've been thinking about this for eight years now. | هشت سال است که دارم به این فکر میکنم. | en-fa |
Ever since I left my job as a derivative trader to build a web application to help students learn mathematics. | Öğrencilerin matematiği öğrenmelerine yardım etmek adına internet uygulaması geliştirmek için ürün ticareti yapmayı bıraktım. | en-tr |
Today, our app is used by schools across the globe. | Hoy, nuestra aplicación es utilizada por las escuelas de todo el mundo. | en-es |
And we're seeing big improvements for students who use the program regularly. | 그리고 우리는 큰 개선을 하려 합니다. 프로그램을 꾸준히 이용하는 학생들을 위해서죠. | en-ko |
But here's the thing -- we're only seeing it for students who use the program regularly. | 但，重點是 只有常用這個程式的學生才有進步。 | en-zh-tw |
And most of them don't. | E a maioria deles não usa. | en-pt-br |
So after years of developing and refining the application, our biggest challenge was not so much product related, our biggest challenge was motivating students to want to work on their gaps in understanding. | لذلك، بعد سنوات من تطوير وتنقيح التطبيق، لم يكن أكبر تحد يواجهنا مرتبطًا بالمنتج، لقد كان أكبر تحد هو تحفيز الطلاب ليعملوا على نقاط القصور في فهمهم. | en-ar |
You can imagine in today's attention economy, we're competing against Facebook, Snapchat and PlayStation to try and get these students' time. | Pueden imaginar que en la economía de atención de hoy, estamos compitiendo contra Facebook, Snapchat y PlayStation para tratar de lograr tiempo de estos estudiantes. | en-es |
So we went back to the drawing board and started to think about how we could make it worthwhile for students to spend some of their "attention budget" on their education. | En başa döndük ve bunu nasıl öğrencilerin "dikkat bütçelerinin" birazını harcamalarına değer yapabileceğimizi düşünmeye başladık. | en-tr |
We tinkered with gamification elements like points, badges and avatars, and we'd see a temporary spike in engagement but things would go back to normal as soon as the novelty wore off. | وانشغلنا بعناصر الألعاب مثل النقاط والشارات والشخصيات، ولاحظنا ارتفاعا مؤقتا في التفاعل ولكن الأمور عادت إلى طبيعتها عندما اعتادوا الأمر. | en-ar |
Then one day, my cofounder, Alvin, came across a study of students in Chicago led by the behavioral economist, Steven Levitt, where they paid students who improved on their test scores. | Entonces, un día, mi cofundador, Alvin, encontró un estudio de estudiantes en Chicago dirigido por el economista del comportamiento, Steven Levitt, en que pagaban a los estudiantes que mejoraban los puntajes de sus pruebas. | en-es |
He started telling me about some of the things they tested for and the interesting findings they had. | Comenzó a contarme sobre algunas de las cosas que probaron y los hallazgos interesantes logrados. | en-es |
For instance, they found that incentivizing students for inputs, like effort, worked a lot better than incentivizing for outputs, like test scores. | Örneğin, öğrencileri çaba gibi girdilere teşvik etmenin sınav sonuçları gibi çıktılara teşvik etmekten daha çok işe yaradığını buldular. | en-tr |
They found that for younger students, you could win them over with a trophy but for older students, you really needed cash. | そして児童の場合はトロフィーで 釣ることが出来ますが 年長の学生の場合は 実は現金が必要だと | en-ja |
(Laughter) And the amount of cash mattered -- 10 dollars was good, 20 dollars -- even better. | (เสียงหัวเราะ) และปริมาณของเงินก็สำคัญซะด้วย 10 ดอลลาร์นั้นนับว่าดี 20 ดอลลาร์ยิ่งดีใหญ่ | en-th |
But perhaps most importantly, they found that the rewards had to be instant rather than promised at a later date. | Пожалуй, главным выводом стало то, что награду нужно давать сразу, а не обещать её на потом. | en-ru |
They went as far as to give the students 20 dollars and say, "Touch it, feel it, smell it --" (Sniffing) "It's all yours. | Nawet dawali uczniom 20 dolarów i mówili: "Dotknij, poczuj, powąchaj". (Wąchanie) "To twoje, | en-pl |
But if you fail, I'm going to take it back." | 하지만 점수가 나쁘면 돌려 받을 겁니다." | en-ko |
And that worked really well. | وقد نجح الأمر حقًا. | en-ar |
I immediately got excited about the possibilities of implementing this in our program. | Fiquei animado de imediato sobre as possibilidades de implementá-lo no nosso programa. | en-pt-br |
But once the excitement settled down, there were a few concerns that crept in our minds. | اما زمانی که احساساتمان فروکش کرد، چند دغدغه دیگر هم به ذهنمان رسید. | en-fa |
Firstly, was this ethical? | اول اینکه، این کار اخلاقی است؟ | en-fa |
(Laughter) Secondly, how would we fund this thing? | (Risas) En segundo lugar, ¿cómo financiaríamos esto? | en-es |
(Laughter) And finally, would the results be sustained if the students were no longer paid? | (Smeh) I, naposletku, da li bi se rezultati održali ukoliko bismo prestali plaćati učenicima? | en-sr |
Now, let's look at the ethical part first. | Сначала рассмотрим вопрос этичности. | en-ru |
I'm a bit of a mathematical purist. | 저는 조금은 순수 수학주의자 입니다. | en-ko |
So I'd be one of the first people to say that we should study mathematics for the sake of mathematics. | از کسانی خواهم بود که میگویند ما باید ریاضی را برای خودش بخوانیم. | en-fa |
Remember -- for play, for beauty, for truth, for justice and for love! | 要记住， 是为了乐趣、美好 真理、正义和热爱而学习数学。 | en-zh-cn |
Not for money! | Ne zbog novca! | en-sr |
(Laughter) As I struggled with this, I came to see that, while it's a way I look at mathematics now, it's only because I studied it long enough to appreciate it. | (Risas) Mientras luchaba con esto, vine a comprender que, la forma en que veo hoy las matemáticas es solo porque las estudié lo suficiente como para apreciarlas. | en-es |
It's very difficult to tell a student struggling with mathematics today to work hard for a payoff in the distant future. | É muito difícil dizer a um aluno com dificuldade em matemática para trabalhar duro por uma recompensa em um futuro distante. | en-pt-br |
And it's not so much bribery that's at work here, because I could bribe students by telling them about my big bonuses in my derivative trading days as a reward for doing well at maths. | On ne peut pas vraiment parler de corruption ici car je pourrais les corrompre en leur parlant de mes gros bonus lorsque j'étais courtier en produits dérivés pour récompenser ma réussite en maths. | en-fr |
But it doesn't pay off for a very long time. | ولكن ذلك لا يؤتي ثماره على المدى الطويل، | en-ar |
So it's practically naught. | Stoga je praktično bezvredno. | en-sr |
Behavioral economists call this hyperbolic discounting. | Economistas comportamentais chamam isso de desconto hiperbólico. | en-pt-br |
And Levitt goes as far as to say that all motivating power vanishes when rewards are handed out with a delay. | Y Levitt llega a decir que todo poder motivador desaparece cuando las recompensas se entregan con retraso. | en-es |
So, from a purely economic point of view: if we don't use immediate incentives, we are underinvesting in student outcomes. | ですから 純粋に経済学的な観点からいえば 即座に奨励策を活用しなければ 学生の成果に対する投資不足になります | en-ja |
I took heart from that, and came to see that as a society, we're actually quite used to financial incentives. | To me je ohrabrilo jer, kada posmatramo društvo, vidimo da smo prilično naviknuti na finansijske podsticaje. | en-sr |
Whether it be by the government, by employers or at home. | سواء كانت من الحكومة أو أصحاب العمل أو في المنزل. | en-ar |
For instance, many parents would pay their children an allowance or pocket money for doing chores in the house. | Örneğin, birçok ebeveyn evdeki günlük işleri yaptığı için çocuklarına cep harçlığı veriyor. | en-tr |
So it wasn't really all that controversial. | پس این خیلی هم بحثبرانگیز نیست. | en-fa |
As I thought about that, it started to answer that second question of how we were going to fund this. | Düşündüğüm üzere bu, işi nasıl finanse edeceğimiz sorusunu cevaplamaya başladı. | en-tr |
Naturally, parents are the most invested in their children's education. | بطبيعة الحال، الآباء هم الأكثر استثمارًا في تعليم أبنائهم. | en-ar |
So, let's charge them a weekly subscription fee to use our program, but -- if the students complete their weekly maths goal, we'll refund the subscription amount directly into the child's bank account. | O halde programımızı kullanmak için onlara haftalık abonelik ücreti ödetelim ama... öğrenciler haftalık matematik hedefini gerçekleştirirse abonelik tutarını doğrudan çocuğun banka hesabına iade edelim. | en-tr |
We chose three exercises completed over a one week period for a 10 dollar reward. | Escolhemos três exercícios feitos ao longo de uma semana por uma recompensa de US$ 10. | en-pt-br |
That way we're incentivizing effort rather than performance over a short enough period and with a substantial enough payout for the students to care. | Assim, estamos incentivando esforço em vez de desempenho por um período curto o bastante e por um valor o suficiente para que os alunos se importassem. | en-pt-br |
Now, I remember when I first told my wife about this new business model. | Je me souviens quand j'ai parlé à ma femme de ce nouveau modèle d'entreprise. | en-fr |
If she had any doubt left that I've gone completely mad, that pretty much confirmed it for her. | اگر قبلا همسرم شک داشت که من کاملاً دیوانه شدهام، الان دیگر شکش برطرف شده بود. | en-fa |
She said to me, "Mo ... | Вона сказала: "Мо, ти розумієш, | en-uk |
you realize that if everybody does their homework, which you want, you're not going to make any revenue, which you don't want. | 你意识到没有，要是每个孩子 都如你所愿，完成作业， 你可就一分钱都赚不到啦。 | en-zh-cn |
Great business model." | Excelente modelo de negócios". | en-pt-br |
(Laughter) I say it's more like an antibusiness model, it's free if you use it, but you pay if you don't. | (Risas) Yo digo que es más como un modelo de antinegocios, es gratis si lo usa, pero paga si no lo hace. | en-es |
Now, I knew from experience that not everybody in the country was going to jump on and do their maths homework every week. | それに 経験上分かっていました この国の全員が飛びついて 毎週数学の宿題をするわけではないと | en-ja |
And if they did, sure we'd go bust pretty quickly, but hey, we would have solved the country's maths skills crisis. | 如果真是如此 ， 我们很快就破产了， 但是这样一来，数学能力 不足的问题不就解决了吗？ | en-zh-cn |
(Laughter) As a company, we've always run a double bottom line, looking to both make a return for investors as well as improve student outcomes. | (Gülüşmeler) Şirket olarak hem yatırımcılara kâr sağlayarak hem de öğrenci çıktılarını geliştirmeye dikkat ederek her zaman ikili sorumluluk yürüttük. | en-tr |
We know that our path to long-term profitability is through improving student outcomes. | La route vers la profitabilité à long terme passe par l'amélioration des résultats. | en-fr |
So our dual objectives should never be at odds. | Então nossos objetivos nunca devem estar em desacordo. | en-pt-br |
So we're always looking to make our product decisions around helping students reach their weekly maths goal, effectively ensuring that they get paid and not us. | 所以，我們總是在注意， 當要做產品決策時， 要考量能協助學生達成 他們的每週數學目標， 有效地確保他們會賺到錢， 而不是我們。 | en-zh-tw |
Now you must be wondering: How is this crazy business model going? | 疑問に思われたはずです この狂ったビジネスモデルの進み具合は？ | en-ja |
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