wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Luckily a crisis never arose during the Underground Complex's 43 years that called for such a choice to be made.
The Underground Complex is colloquially referred to as "The Hole". Although officially titled the Combat Centre/Direction Centre (CC/DC) Installation when it began air defence operations, duri... | 11,600 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
of Canadian and American air defence—such as command and control centres, radar sites, and headquarters—providing high speed detection of aircraft, assistance in their rapid identification, and, when required, aiding quick Ground Controlled Interception of unknown, suspicious and hostile aircraft. Also, t... | 11,601 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
square feet of floor space (.273 acres, 1,105.5 square meters—the floorspace of a dozen small houses); and had a (then) staggering memory capacity of about 256K. When the Maintenance & Programming and Input & Output areas are included, total floor space used by SAGE was 18,810 sq ft (1,747.5 sq m – equal ... | 11,602 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
space equal to about two houses versus 20 for SAGE. North Bay's SAGE computer system was also tied into Canada's BOMARC nuclear-tipped air defence missiles. Cost to convert systems in North Bay was $96,000,000.
The ROCC/SOCC system remained in use in North Bay until air defence operations were moved out ... | 11,603 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
nearly a million men and women over the same timeframe who were members of Canada's Department of National Defence.
## The NORAD Regions at North Bay.
The Canada-United States portion of North America is colossal, about twice the size of Europe. To enable thorough, in-depth air defence operations over s... | 11,604 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
The first was the "Northern NORAD Region (NNR)", created with the formation of NORAD in 1957. Originally set up at Air Defence Command, at RCAF Station St. Hubert, an air base just south of Montreal, Quebec, the NNR was transferred to North Bay in 1962–1963 to operate in the, then, brand new Underground C... | 11,605 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
NORAD Region had to be detected and identified within two minutes by Underground Complex air defence personnel. If an aircraft was still unknown at two minutes, fighters were scrambled to intercept it, to find out why the aircraft could not be identified. If necessary, the fighters would force the aircraf... | 11,606 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
bases across Canada and in Maine, fully fuelled and fully armed, 24 hours a day/seven days per week. They, and their pilots, were housed in special Quick Reaction Alert hangars (abbreviated "QRA") at the end of runways. When North Bay contacted an air base for a scramble, simultaneously air traffic contro... | 11,607 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
and could result in disciplining by NORAD authorities of everyone involved in the operation.
In July 1969, NORAD underwent a continent-wide revamping of its organization. The Northern NORAD Region was redesignated as the "22nd NORAD Region (22nd NR)", but its area of responsibility: north, Atlantic and e... | 11,608 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
another wholesale re-arranging of North America's air defences. In particular to Canada, the 22nd NORAD Region was replaced by the "Canadian NORAD Region (CANR)", Maine was transferred to an American NORAD centre, and the Underground Complex given responsibility for monitoring and protection of the airspa... | 11,609 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
of the Underground Complex into a new state-of-the-art installation built on the Earth's surface, named the Sgt David L. Pitcher Building after a Canadian serviceman who was killed in the crash of a United States Air Force AWACS patrol plane, in 1995.
# BOMARC.
North Bay's Underground Complex was also t... | 11,610 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Each site was equipped with 29 BOMARC missiles: 28 for combat and a 29th for training purposes. The BOMARC was tipped with a 10-kiloton W-40 nuclear warhead (the bomb used at Hiroshima was 15 kilotons). In the event of a Soviet air attack on North America, some or all of the 56 missiles would have been la... | 11,611 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
United States as well as Canada. While U.S. missiles were controlled strictly by American authorities, the Canadian BOMARCs were an international affair. The missiles were under Canadian government control, the warheads controlled by the United States. Permission was required from both governments for a l... | 11,612 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
kilometres) from its target(s), then the BOMARC's homing system would take over and steer the missile until detonation. No BOMARCs were launched in Canada; squadron personnel from North Bay and La Macaza fired missiles (non-nuclear warhead) at the Santa Rosa Island Test Facility, Florida.
Due to the nucl... | 11,613 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
with their warheads due to government indecision as to whether to equip the Canadian military with nuclear weapons. In late 1963, nuclear weapons were finally approved by the federal government, and the warheads distributed to the sites between 31 December 1963 and early 1964. They were to remain under Am... | 11,614 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
the disbanding of the BOMARC squadrons and closing of the two sites, the warheads were removed from Canada.
The missile site was sold to Canadore College, which used it as a flight and aircraft maintenance training centre.
# Canadian Forces Base North Bay.
RCAF Station North Bay was renamed the Canadia... | 11,615 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
to be used, even though in 2011 the air and sea elements were individually renamed as the "Royal Canadian Air Force" and "Royal Canadian Navy."
From December 1967 until August 1972, there were no flying units at CFB North Bay. The airfield portion of the base, at one time a thriving fighter station, fell... | 11,616 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
as an electronic warfare unit, the squadron trained flying and ground air defence personnel to fight a war when an enemy has disrupted radar systems and radio communications. Specializing in the jamming, interference, and "stealing of radar and radio signals," the unit earned considerable renown, even not... | 11,617 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
air defence by doing things such as sending fighters in a wrong direction. A superb example of such stealing took place during a huge air exercise at Cold Lake, Alberta. A swarm of American and Canadian aircraft were divided into two teams. One team received command, control, and warnings of an enemy from... | 11,618 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
AWACS flew, leaving their team to fend for themselves.
In July 1992, 414 Squadron was split into two units and posted to the east and west coasts of Canada. It was the last military flying unit in North Bay. Thereafter, all of the base's airfield facilities were either demolished or sold, and CFB North B... | 11,619 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
concern warranted continuing to operate the base. A governmental move then gathered momentum to shut down CFB North Bay altogether and transfer NORAD operations to the air base in Winnipeg.
## 22 Wing.
On 1 April 1993, all Canadian air bases were dubbed "wings" to restore an air force cachet to the inst... | 11,620 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Wing/Sector, January to July 1944, flew Hawker Typhoon fighter bombers in support of the D-Day invasion and Allied campaign in Normandy. 22 (Photographic) Wing, 1947–1949, based at Rockcliffe, Ontario, photographed, surveyed and mapped approximately one-third of the country, and discovered the precise loc... | 11,621 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
auxiliary wing became an air defence radar unit that provided surveillance, early warning, and Ground Controlled Interception guidance to fighters in the London area. None of these three 22 Wings had any direct or indirect connection with North Bay.
The fourth, prior 22 Wing evolved out of a unit called ... | 11,622 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
of his staff would man a command post on the second floor of the Underground Complex. The Radar Control Wing and command post would then coordinate their efforts to handle the situation. For example, regarding Soviet bombers, while the Radar Control Wing saw to such activities as intercepting the aircraft... | 11,623 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Control Wing was created, it was given command of the Sector Operations Control Centre East, which watched the eastern half of Canada from the Atlantic Ocean to the Manitoba border, and the Sector Operations Control Centre West, which oversaw Canadian skies from Manitoba to the Pacific Ocean.
In June 198... | 11,624 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
with its own commander and staff of personnel.
In 1992, CFB North Bay and 22 Radar Control Wing were amalgamated under a single commander and command staff, but the base was still officially CFB North Bay. The wing and the base remained as separate organizations until united into 22 Wing/CFB North Bay in... | 11,625 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
government announced it was closing the base, and the destruction of the base and reduction of its personnel accelerated.
This decision to close the base was monumental from a military standpoint since North Bay was the nerve center for the air defence of the country, and intricately tied into the United... | 11,626 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
adjoining city's biggest industry. Between hiring employees from the community, contracting work on the base (such as roofing upgrades to its buildings), making purchases in local businesses, plus the money spent by its personnel and their family members, CFB North Bay infused tens of millions of dollars ... | 11,627 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
as catastrophic, and North Bay political, business and civic leaders launched a vocal, dogged, energetic campaign to persuade the Canadian government to reverse the decision. They succeeded. On 8 May 1998, Minister of National Defence the Honourable Art Eggleton visited North Bay and announced that the ba... | 11,628 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
plus the air defence centre.
# Re-Shaping of 22 Wing/Canadian Forces Base North Bay & the 21st Century.
22 Wing/CFB North Bay has continued as the centre for the air defence of the country, and partner with the United States in NORAD guarding the air sovereignty of the continent. In the late 1990s plans... | 11,629 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
rapidly becoming prohibitive.
On 20 August 2003, Prime Minister the Right Honourable Jean Chrétien turned soil inaugurating the construction of a new above ground complex. Three years later, 12 October 2006, 43 years and 11 days after the Underground Complex's birth, a brand new, state-of-the-art surface... | 11,630 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
call sign Yukla 27, at Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska, on 22 September 1995. The aircraft ingested birds into two of its four engines during takeoff; all 24 crew members were killed.
## End of Air Defence Operations in the Underground Complex.
On 26 October 2006, the Base Commander Colonel Rick Pitre ... | 11,631 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
for the Underground Complex) has continued to provide heat, ventilation, air conditioning and other utility operations to prevent the complex from falling into decay. It is hoped that the complex will be leased or bought; it is one of the most secure, fire-safe facilities in the country, endowed with prec... | 11,632 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Zegers. In 2007, the base began entertaining the idea of using the UGC as a site for motion picture and television productions as a means to help offset its operating cost. Maintaining the UGC in warm storage required an outlay of $1,500 per day, with no foreseeable sale or lease of the site on the horizo... | 11,633 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
not be used in this capacity again.
In 2005, the Main Installation and Power Cavern were designated as Federal Heritage Buildings, "Control Building 55" and "Power Cavern 53", on the Register of the Government of Canada Heritage Buildings.
## NORAD Air Defence organization today.
In 2000, the air defen... | 11,634 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
is in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The Canadian NORAD Region operations center, which watches the skies and reacts to problems in the air, is the Canadian Air Defence Sector, at North Bay. The CADS was originally situated in the Underground Complex; as described above it moved above ground in October 2006, into th... | 11,635 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
jobs and duties of air defence, as well as such non-air defence activities as first-aid and small arms handling.
## North Bay Air Defence Operations in the 21st Century.
The end of the Cold War on Christmas Day 1991 stirred many arguments in Canada and internationally that an era of global safety from m... | 11,636 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
another vivid example, on 11 September 2001, a Korean Air Flight 85 Boeing 747 en route to New York City from Seoul, Korea, headed to Anchorage, Alaska, for a refuelling stop, was ordered to land at Whitehorse, Yukon Territory. First, while making towards Anchorage, the crew had sent a text message to its... | 11,637 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
7500, which officially declared themselves hijacked. The Alaskan NORAD Region advised ATC they would shoot down the airliner if it flew near any significant ground targets, such as a city. ATC ordered the Korean crew to fly to Whitehorse instead, avoiding all populated centers in Alaska.
When the airline... | 11,638 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
the airliner landed without incident at Whitehorse. Royal Canadian Mounted Police boarded the aircraft; their investigation and interrogation of the pilots revealed no hijack, the incident apparently resulting from misunderstandings in the communications between the crew and Alaskan ATC.
22 Wing/CFB Nort... | 11,639 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Michigan area, in support of Super Bowl XL, played in Detroit, and on 10 April 2012, a Korean Air Boeing 777 that had taken off from Vancouver International Airport was intercepted by F-15s under North Bay's control and diverted to 19 Wing/Canadian Forces Base Comox, British Columbia, after a bomb threat ... | 11,640 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Bay has also provided air defence security for many events unrelated to Operation Noble Eagle, such as the 2002 G8 Summit at Kananaskis, Alberta, the 2010 G8/G20 Summit at Huntsville and Toronto, Ontario and the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. For the latter, for the first time in its history, in order... | 11,641 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
gas fields beneath the Arctic ice. That September, the Russians followed up by resuming Bear bomber flights along the northern fringe of North American airspace. Their aircraft have been intercepted both by the Alaskan NORAD Region and by Canadian CF-18 and American F-15 fighters controlled by the CADS at... | 11,642 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
slated for a Russian rocket, but the washing machine-size craft was allocated to India in 2008–09. In 2010 two Indian rockets carrying commercial payloads went out of control and exploded, setting back scheduled launches—including Sapphire—years. After a continuous string of postponements the satellite wa... | 11,643 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
archives.
# Miscellaneous.
## 22 Wing Band.
The 22 Wing Band was formed in 1990. It performs mainly in military functions but also public and charity events.
## Air Cadets.
While all regular-force flying units have moved away from the base, the civilian North Bay airfield is still home to a cadet gli... | 11,644 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
and Stewart, 1994. .
- Ellis, Frank H. "Canada's Flying Heritage". Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1954.
- Futrell, Robert Frank."Ideas, Concepts, Doctrine: A History of Basic Thinking in the United States Air Force 1907–1964." "History of Strategic Air and Ballistic Missile Defense: Volume I: 194... | 11,645 |
511989 | CFB North Bay | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFB%20North%20Bay | CFB North Bay
Halliday. "The Royal Canadian Air Force at War, 1939–1945". Toronto: CANAV Books, 1990. .
- Pickett, James. "Into the Sausage Machine: The History of 22 Wing". North Bay: Twenty-Second Wing, 1994. .
- Robinson, Douglas H. 'The Zeppelin in Combat". Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing Ltd, 1994. .
... | 11,646 |
512049 | Admiral Nakhimov | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Admiral%20Nakhimov | Admiral Nakhimov
Admiral Nakhimov
Admiral Nakhimov may refer to:
- Russian Admiral Pavel Nakhimov
- "Admiral Nakhimov" (film), a 1947 Soviet film directed by Vsevolod Pudovkin
- Ships named after the admiral:
- , a Russian armoured cruiser
- Former name of the
- "Admiral Nakhimov", a
- "Admiral Nakhimov", a
- ... | 11,647 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
USS Colhoun (DD-85)
USS "Colhoun" (DD-85/APD-2) was a in the United States Navy during World War I and later redesignated APD-2 in World War II. She was the first Navy ship named for Edmund Colhoun.
Launched in 1918, she remained on convoy duty for the final few months of World War I, and she then... | 11,648 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
was one of 111 s built by the United States Navy between 1917 and 1919. She, along with 25 of her sisters, were constructed at Fore River Shipyard shipyards in Quincy, Massachusetts using specifications and detail designs drawn up by Bethlehem Steel.
She had a standard displacement of an overall le... | 11,649 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
designed by Bethlehem Steel, built from a different design than the 'Liberty type' destroyers constructed from detail designs drawn up by Bath Iron Works, which used Parsons or Westinghouse turbines. The non-'Liberty' type destroyers deteriorated badly in service, and in 1929 all 60 of this group we... | 11,650 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
was launched on 21 February 1918 from Fore River Shipyard and sponsored by Helen A. Colhoun, the daughter of Edmund Ross Colhoun. She was commissioned on 13 June 1918 under the command of Commander B. B. Wygant. Reporting to the United States Atlantic Fleet, she was assigned as a convoy escort betwe... | 11,651 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
assisted in transporting 194 of the troops off of the ship, who had been returning from Europe, to their destination port in Hoboken, New Jersey.
On 1 December 1919, she was placed in reduced commission at Philadelphia Navy Yard, and then underwent an overhaul at Norfolk Navy Yard. Between 1919 and... | 11,652 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
on 5 June 1940, and began conversion to a high-speed transport. She was recommissioned into the fleet on 11 December 1940, and received the hull classification symbol of APD-2. Following this, she underwent a year of training exercises between Norfolk and the Caribbean, where she was during the atta... | 11,653 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
of the war, "Colhoun" served a dual role as both a high-speed transport and an anti-submarine warfare vessel. In this role, she began preparations for the invasion of the Solomon Islands. On 7 August 1942, she carried units of the 1st Marine Raider Battalion in the initial assault landings which beg... | 11,654 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
A second alert was received at 14:00. Shortly thereafter, a lookout spotted a formation of Japanese aircraft approaching using the sun as cover. The Japanese aircraft, using clouds as cover, dove and released three bombs against "Colhoun", two splashing nearby and one striking the after searchlight ... | 11,655 |
512040 | USS Colhoun (DD-85) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Colhoun%20(DD-85) | USS Colhoun (DD-85)
ocking down the foremast and blowing two and one gun off the ship. A lubrication oil cooler pump in the after engine room was blown through the bulkhead into the forward engine room. Another two bombs scored direct hits on the after deck house, killing all of the men there. An order was given to aba... | 11,656 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
Matthew Fox
Matthew Chandler Fox (born July 14, 1966) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Charlie Salinger on "Party of Five" (1994–2000) and Jack Shephard on the supernatural drama series "Lost" (2004–2010), the latter of which earned him Golden Globe Award and Primetime Emmy Award nom... | 11,657 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
a "very blue-blood" Pennsylvania family of mostly English descent, while his mother was of half Italian and half British and Irish ancestry. When Fox was a year old, he moved to Wyoming with his parents and siblings, Francis, Jr. (b. 1961) and Bayard (b. 1969). They settled in Crowheart, Wyoming, on the Win... | 11,658 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
25, Fox made his debut on an episode of "Wings". That same year, he also starred on a short-lived dramatic series, "Freshman Dorm". Still not a familiar face on the small screen, he continued to be cast in supporting roles, including the role of Charlie in the CBS Schoolbreak Special series, "If I Die Befor... | 11,659 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
Beautiful People in the World. After "Party of Five" was cancelled following its sixth season, Fox starred in another TV series, "Haunted", in 2002.
From September 2004 until May 2010, Fox played the role of the dedicated yet troubled surgeon, Dr. Jack Shephard, on "Lost". He initially auditioned for the r... | 11,660 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
he hosted "Saturday Night Live" with musical guests Tenacious D. In 2006, Fox co-starred with Matthew McConaughey in the sports drama, "We Are Marshall". He also played a bit part in the action film "Smokin' Aces" and starred in the 2008 thriller, "Vantage Point". In May 2008, Fox starred as Racer X in the ... | 11,661 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
appeared very briefly in the 2013 film "World War Z" which starred Brad Pitt.
He starred in the film "Extinction" released in July 2015, directed by Miguel Ángel Vivas, in adaptation of the Juan de Dios Garduño's bestseller book "Y pese a todo."
# Personal life.
Fox is a keen photographer. A bonus disc r... | 11,662 |
512042 | Matthew Fox | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew%20Fox | Matthew Fox
e starred in the film "Extinction" released in July 2015, directed by Miguel Ángel Vivas, in adaptation of the Juan de Dios Garduño's bestseller book "Y pese a todo."
# Personal life.
Fox is a keen photographer. A bonus disc released with The Complete First Series of "Lost" includes features "The Art of M... | 11,663 |
512061 | 8th Golden Raspberry Awards | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=8th%20Golden%20Raspberry%20Awards | 8th Golden Raspberry Awards
8th Golden Raspberry Awards
The 8th Golden Raspberry Awards were held on April 10, 1988, at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel to recognize the worst the film industry had to offer in 1987. "Leonard Part 6" was the biggest "winner" with three awards out of five nominations. Although he did not a... | 11,664 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
Richard Overy
Richard James Overy (born 23 December 1947) is a British historian who has published extensively on the history of World War II and Nazi Germany. In 2007 as "The Times" editor of "Complete History of the World", he chose the 50 key dates of world history.
# Life and career.
After being ed... | 11,665 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
the late 1980s, Overy was involved in a historical dispute with Timothy Mason that mostly played out over the pages of "Past & Present" over the reasons for the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. Mason had contended that a "flight into war" had been imposed on Adolf Hitler by a structural economic ... | 11,666 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
problem with Mason's thesis was that it rested on assumptions in a way not shown by records, information was passed on to Hitler about the "Reich"'s economic problems. Overy argued that there was a difference between economic pressures induced by the problems of the Four Year Plan and economic motives to ... | 11,667 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
as one civil servant put it in January 1940 "we have already mastered so many difficulties in the past, that here too, if one or other raw material became extremely scarce, ways and means will always yet be found to get out of a fix". Recently, another British historian, Adam Tooze, has argued for a simil... | 11,668 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
2003 Fellow of King's College
- 2001 Samuel Eliot Morison Prize of the Society for Military History
- 2004 Wolfson History Prize, "The Dictators: Hitler's Germany; Stalin's Russia"
- 2005 Hessell-Tiltman Prize, "The Dictators: Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia"
# In media.
- Overy was featured in the... | 11,669 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
"The Origins of The Second World War" edited by Patrick Finney, Edward Arnold: London, Hodder Education Publishers (1997), .
- Co-written with Timothy Mason: "Debate: Germany, 'Domestic Crisis' and War in 1939" pp. 200–240 in "Past and Present", Number 122, February 1989, reprinted as "Debate: Germany, '... | 11,670 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
.
- "Bomber Command, 1939–45" (1997), .
- "Russia's War: Blood upon the Snow" (1997), .
- "The Times History of the 20th Century" (1999), .
- "The Battle" (2000), (republished as "The Battle of Britain: The Myth and the Reality").
- "Interrogations: The Nazi Elite in Allied Hands, 1945" (2001), (repu... | 11,671 |
512056 | Richard Overy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard%20Overy | Richard Overy
ors: Hitler's Germany and Stalin's Russia" (2004), .
- "Collins Atlas of Twentieth Century History" (2005), .
- "Imperial War Museum's Second World War Experience Volume 1: Blitzkrieg" (2008), .
- "Imperial War Museum's Second World War Experience Volume 2: Axis Ascendant" (2008), .
- "1939: Countdown... | 11,672 |
512071 | New River | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New%20River | New River
New River
New River may refer to:
# Waterways.
## Caribbean.
- Nuevo River (Puerto Rico)
- Rio Nuevo (Jamaica)
## Europe.
- New River (England), a man-made watercourse in England
- New River (Fens), a man-made watercourse in the English Fenlands
## New Zealand.
- New River / Kaimata in the West Coas... | 11,673 |
512071 | New River | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New%20River | New River
County, Florida), a channel which drains the Everglades through Fort Lauderdale in South Florida
- New River (Carrabelle River), a tributary of the Carrabelle River in Florida
- New River (Santa Fe River), a tributary of the Santa Fe River in northern Florida
- New River (Chattahoochee River), in Georgia
... | 11,674 |
512071 | New River | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New%20River | New River
Virginia, and West Virginia
- New River (Oregon), in southwestern Oregon, parallels the Pacific Ocean between Coos Bay and Port Orford
- New River (South Carolina), which flows into the Atlantic Ocean in southeastern South Carolina near the Savannah River
- New River (Tennessee), a tributary of the Cumberl... | 11,675 |
512071 | New River | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New%20River | New River
a region in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area
- Bradford County, Florida, named New River County from 1858 through 1861
- New River Tunnel, in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
- Marine Corps Air Station New River, near Jacksonville, North Carolina
- New River Valley, in Virginia
- New River Community College... | 11,676 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
African Great Lakes
The African Great Lakes () are a series of lakes constituting the part of the Rift Valley lakes in and around the East African Rift. They include Lake Victoria, the third-largest fresh water lake in the world by area, Lake Tanganyika, the world's second-largest freshwater lake b... | 11,677 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
species live there.
Countries in the African Great Lakes region (sometimes also called "Greater Lakes region") include Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
The Great Lakes area, where colonial era borders cut through ethnic groups, has in the l... | 11,678 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
are posted for whitewashing purposes or to safeguard western envoys, citizens and their business interests.
They have also been accused by both local and other African nations of participating in human rights abuses and rampant gender based exploitation and trafficking.
# Lakes and drainage basins... | 11,679 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
Lake Edward
## Drain into the Congo River.
- Lake Tanganyika
- Lake Kivu
## Drains into the Zambezi via the Shire River.
- Lake Malawi
## Endorheic basin.
- Lake Turkana
# African Great Lakes Region.
The African Great Lakes region consists of countries that surround the African Great Lakes.... | 11,680 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
estimated 107 million people, and the agricultural surplus in the region, the area became organized into a number of small states. The most powerful of these monarchies were Buganda, Bunyoro, Rwanda, and Burundi. Unusual for sub-Saharan Africa, the traditional borders were largely maintained by the ... | 11,681 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
success in converting the locals, but did open the region to later colonization. The increased contact with the rest of the world led to a series of devastating epidemics affecting both humans and livestock. While seen as a region with great potential after independence, the region has in recent dec... | 11,682 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
and Zambezi rivers, which drain into the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Indian Ocean, respectively.
Forests are dominant in the lowlands of the Congo-Zaire Basin, while grasslands and savannas are most common in the southern and eastern highlands. Temperatures in the lowlands average about ... | 11,683 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
species. Nile crocodiles are numerous. Mammals include elephants, gorillas and hippopotamus.
The Lake Turkana area is home to hundreds of species of birds endemic to Kenya. The flamingo wades in its shallows. The East African rift system also serves as a flyway for migrating birds, bringing in hund... | 11,684 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
waters of the equatorial plateau either flowed west into the Congo River system or east to the Indian Ocean. Creation of the Great Rift Valley changed that. A rift is a weak place in Earth's crust due to the separation of two tectonic plates, often accompanied by a graben, or trough, in which lake w... | 11,685 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
to either side.
# Archaeology.
Around two to three million years ago, Lake Turkana was larger and the area more fertile, making it a center for early hominids. Richard Leakey led numerous anthropological excavations in the area, which yielded many important discoveries of hominin remains. The two-... | 11,686 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
platyops", which means "The Flat-Faced Man of Kenya".
# Economy.
Fishing—primarily of tilapia species but also of Nile perch—provides the main livelihood. With four Great Lakes on its borders, Uganda ranks as one of the world's largest producers of freshwater fish. The climate and rich volcanic so... | 11,687 |
512047 | African Great Lakes | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=African%20Great%20Lakes | African Great Lakes
vides the main livelihood. With four Great Lakes on its borders, Uganda ranks as one of the world's largest producers of freshwater fish. The climate and rich volcanic soils in the highlands also sustain intensely cultivated croplands.
The economies of the Great Lakes region states have different s... | 11,688 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
Neutrality Patrol
On September 3, 1939, the British and French declarations of war on Germany initiated the Battle of the Atlantic. The United States Navy Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) established a combined air and ship patrol of the United States Atlantic coast, including the Caribbean, on Septem... | 11,689 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
Neutrality Zone.
On September 4, 1939, the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) ordered the Atlantic Squadron to establish a combined air and ship patrol to observe and report the movements of ships of warring nations within a line extending east from Boston to 65 degrees west and thence south to the 19th... | 11,690 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
coast of South America approximately offshore.
# Organization.
Battleships , , and with the aircraft carrier (with aircraft squadrons VB-4, VF-4, VS-41, and VS-42 embarked) formed a reserve force at Hampton Roads to support the following patrols:
- Patrol Zero: Destroyer division 18 of , , , and we... | 11,691 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
between the 34th and 38th parallels with aircraft of VP-52 and VP-53.
- Patrol Six: Destroyers and patrolled the Florida Strait and Yucatán Channel.
- Patrols Seven and Eight: Cruisers and with destroyers , , , and patrolled the eastern Caribbean south of the 23rd parallel with aircraft of VP-33 and... | 11,692 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
any report while in the vicinity of such ships to avoid performance of unneutral radio direction finding service or the impression that an unneutral service was being performed. On October 9, President Roosevelt instructed the navy to transmit reports promptly in plain English; and the Neutrality Patr... | 11,693 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
the coast of Brazil.
# Convoy escort.
At the beginning of 1941, President Roosevelt secretly organized a protection-of-shipping task force 24, given the designation of Support Force, United States Atlantic Fleet, under the command of Rear Admiral Arthur L. Bristol. Ships, planes, funding, and person... | 11,694 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
might not have public-opinion approval. Efforts to document Support Force operations after the war were discouraged to avoid damaging world opinion as to the integrity of United States' neutrality.
To augment the fleet units already engaged in the Neutrality Patrol which President Roosevelt had place... | 11,695 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
and on September 11 President Roosevelt declared Axis ships entered the neutrality zone at their own risk, and ordered the U.S. Navy to attack any vessel threatening ships under American escort. HX 150 sailed September 16, 1941, as the first convoy with American escort. ON 18 sailed September 24 as th... | 11,696 |
512063 | Neutrality Patrol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neutrality%20Patrol | Neutrality Patrol
s.
# Results.
The Neutrality Patrol was a major focus of one of the world's largest navies for the first third of the Second World War. The Atlantic Squadron in that period consisted of three battleships, four heavy cruisers, 29 destroyers, and one aircraft carrier; and their primary mission was con... | 11,697 |
512052 | USS Jacob Jones (DD-130) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Jacob%20Jones%20(DD-130) | USS Jacob Jones (DD-130)
USS Jacob Jones (DD-130)
USS "Jacob Jones" (DD-130), named for Commodore Jacob Jones USN (1768–1850), was a . "Jacob Jones" was laid down by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation at Camden, New Jersey on 21 February 1918, launched on 20 November 1918 by Mrs. Cazenove Doughton, great-granddaugh... | 11,698 |
512052 | USS Jacob Jones (DD-130) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Jacob%20Jones%20(DD-130) | USS Jacob Jones (DD-130)
period.
After fitting out at Philadelphia, "Jacob Jones" sailed 4 December for shakedown in the Atlantic Ocean. She arrived at Pensacola, Florida on 22 December to continue her training and departed on 3 January 1920 for the Pacific Ocean. Arriving at San Diego on 26 January, she operated alon... | 11,699 |
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